Having finished with the construction of a house from a bar, it is too early to relax. The final stage is finishing work inside the premises to give the house a cozy atmosphere. You can see the options for interior decoration of a house made of timber in the given photos.
Interior finishing works
Finishing work inside a log house includes several stages, which include:
- communications (electricity, pipelines for water, heating and sewerage);
- wood treatment with impregnating antiseptics and compositions for fire resistance;
- heat and waterproofing of the house;
- preparatory work for finishing walls, ceilings and floors;
- installation of interior doors;
- finishing works on walls, ceilings and floors.
Without work experience and sufficient knowledge of repair, it is advisable to hire workers for a well-performed work, which will have to spend more money than planned. This is especially true of communications.
An example of interior decoration of a wooden house
Before starting the finishing work of the premises inside, it is necessary to draw up a thoughtful design to the smallest detail. This will help you to clearly see what you need to strive for and calculate the required amount of materials and their cost.
Features of interior finishing work in houses from a bar
The interior decoration of the house consists in the use of the same materials that are used in other houses. But wooden houses have two important features that must be taken into account before proceeding with finishing work:
- the primary shrinkage of houses made of timber is significantly higher than that of others. Before it is finished, it may take two to six years after construction is completed;
- secondary shrinkage. It is not particularly noticeable (less than 1% of the floor height).
The primary shrinkage is affected by the drying of the timber and its slight decrease in volume. There is a decrease in the gaps between the bars, which is affected by the constantly acting load. As a result, after the end of shrinkage, the floor height decreases by 2-3 cm. Significant deformation can negatively affect the finishing work (the appearance of cracks of various sizes in the plaster, tiles falling off in places).
Cross-section of glued laminated timber
Glued laminated timber will help to resolve the issue over time. In this case, the shrinkage of the house will stop one year after the completion of construction.
The secondary shrinkage is influenced by fluctuations in temperature and moisture content of the wood. It should not adversely affect the cladding.
Materials for finishing a house from a bar inside
There are several options for interior decoration of a house made of glued or profiled beams for the first time after construction.
Floor installation
Before laying the flooring, it is necessary to raise the sub-floor with the insulation and waterproofing layer embedded in it and covered with boards. This floor structure is quite simple, retains heat well and protects against noise.
Materials for clean flooring are:
- Sliced \u200b\u200bsheet pile board. It is a clean, ecological material that is breathable and has excellent moisture resistance. The board is strong, durable and easy to clean. Has many options for processing and tinting. Renewable well with sanding or regular sanding. Such a floor covering is not suitable for a "warm floor", because most of the heat will be spent on heating the tongue itself.
- Parquet board or laminate. The material is suitable for carrying out the "warm floor" system. When choosing a coating that has good thermal conductivity, you must pay attention to the one that is indicated by the corresponding marking.
It is better to make a wooden floor in a wooden house.
Wall decoration
Before decorating the walls in a house from a bar inside, you need to treat them with an antiseptic.
Treated wood. Wood in itself can be a wonderful finishing material. In the case when the surface of the inner walls does not have any imperfections, then they can be left so without finishing. It is only necessary to impregnate the wood with a special compound to obtain the desired shade.
Painting the walls will not only preserve the natural wood structure, but also provide additional protection for the wood. It is necessary to choose paint and varnish coatings for interior walls that have the lowest amount of harmful substances.
Plaster... It is necessary to decorate the walls with it only after a year after the construction of the house. Here it is important to pay special attention to the waterproofing of wooden surfaces.
Block house or lining... When the exterior of the walls does not look very attractive, but you want to preserve the special pattern that the wooden surface has, such materials are used. This finish is only applicable after the house has shrunk. For installation, a frame is created that will slightly reduce the area of \u200b\u200bthe room.
Wall panels... They are made from wood without adding glue. The material is environmentally friendly and hypoallergenic. They have good thermal insulation characteristics, easy installation and excellent sound absorption. The panels are covered with vinyl wallpaper or linen fabric on top.
Drywall... On this type of finish, after applying the putty, wallpaper is glued, painted and tiled. For rooms with high humidity, it is necessary to choose moisture-resistant drywall. His leaves have a greenish tint.
The material is environmentally friendly and lightweight. It is mounted on a metal or wooden frame. This design prevents the timber and drywall from touching, which keeps the load-bearing walls and cladding from cracking. Behind it you can carry out electrical wiring, water supply and other communications, which will be conveniently hidden. If necessary, it is convenient to lay an insulating layer.
You can leave wooden walls just wooden
Ceiling decoration
Often, during the decoration of a log house inside, the beams on the ceiling do not close, but serve as an element of the interior. Unfinished ceiling will harmoniously fit into different styles (Provence, country). Until 5-6 years have passed for the end of the shrinkage of the house, a wonderful material is drywall or stretch ceiling. It will perfectly cover the ceiling well without interfering with the shrinkage of the house.
During the shrinkage of the house, the forces are redistributed in the beams on the ceiling. Only after its completion it will be possible to finish the ceiling in the usual ways, such as plaster.
It is necessary to take a responsible attitude to the interior decoration of the premises, which consists of a number of activities. Do not forget about significant shrinkage at home and wood sensitivity to moisture.
Video with an example of finishing the interior of a log house
It is important to start the finishing work correctly, otherwise later all violations and deviations from technologies will come to light. Fixing such errors is often more expensive than doing all the work anew. We recommend that you read the video, perhaps you need a similar finish.
The interior decoration of the house is carried out at the final stage of construction. How beautiful and cozy the interior will be depends on this. This process is quite complicated and requires certain skills and knowledge when working with various types of finishing materials.
Home interior decoration methods
The largest surface of any interior is made up of walls. If the surface of the timber has many flaws, it is better to hide them. There are several ways for this: painting, lining with clapboard made of natural wood or from MDF and DSP boards. Plasterboard cladding is also used. The option of interior wall decoration depends not only on the condition of the surfaces of the timber from which the walls are made, but also on the intentions of the designer and the personal preferences of the owners of the house.
If the floor in the house is wooden, it is better not to cover it with any floor material. Firstly, it will only hide the natural beauty of the wood, and secondly, it will not allow it to "breathe", which can lead to its deterioration. It is better to loop and paint the wooden floor. But if there are too large gaps between the floorboards, and the surface quality of the boards leaves much to be desired, it is necessary to use a putty. If you certainly decided to cover the wooden floor with linoleum or any other floor covering, you should provide for the presence of ventilation ducts under the floor, in the basement of the building. Laminate is laid only if the surface of the base is perfectly flat and strong.
The same is with the ceiling: the log floor is finished in the same way as the wooden floor. But if its surface is unsightly, it can be sewn up with drywall or any other sheet material, which is then putty, after which it is painted or pasted over with wallpaper.
Both the ceiling and the walls of a house from a bar can be finished using a block house - a decorative lining resembling a rounded log. This method is not only aesthetically pleasing, but also works well with the basic building material from which the walls and floors are constructed.
Coloring is the most common way
Often the walls of a house made of timber are painted from the inside with opaque dyes. This method of processing wood not only decorates its surface, but also protects it from the effects of moisture in the air, and therefore from fungus and mold. Before painting, the walls of the house are puttyed to hide chips, cracks and knots, after which they are covered with soil: this is necessary to prepare the surface for painting. 
When choosing paint for the interior, you should give preference to one that contains as few substances harmful to health as possible. The paint comes with a matte surface, glossy and semi-glossy - this is also taken into account when choosing it.
If the surface quality of the timber does not require special processing, stain or special transparent varnishes are used to paint the walls, emphasizing the natural pattern of the wood. This technique is especially effective if the walls of the house are made of valuable timber.
For this, cement-bonded particleboard and drywall are used. The latter is the most popular, since it has a low specific gravity, is easy to process and is an environmentally friendly material.
For plasterboard cladding, first, the installation of the lathing from wooden battens or a metal profile is performed. Various communications can be hidden behind the sheet material: water supply, heating system pipes, electrical wiring. If necessary, insulation can be placed in the cavity between the base and the sheet material.
Basic rules in decorating the interior of a house from a bar
When decorating a house built from a bar, it is necessary to process its internal surfaces, taking into account the structure of the wood, its ability to absorb odors. Finishing materials must protect it from mechanical damage, mold, and grinder insects.
If the wood has been treated with a glossy protective compound, then the coating with a glossy dye will double the gloss. Therefore, a test piece must be made before applying the protective coating.
Wood, depending on the method of its machining, can perceive impregnation in different ways. To make different parts of the walls look the same, you must use the same method of processing them. To achieve the desired result, the paint must be applied at least twice.
If everything is done correctly, repairs will not need to be done soon and the house will delight the owners with a cozy interior for a long time.
The next stage after the construction and implementation of communication systems in the building is the interior decoration of the house from a bar. This task is not the easiest one, but with the right approach you can make your job easier and prevent common beginner mistakes. The main thing is to determine the sequence of installation work, choose the right material and do the installation correctly around the entire perimeter of the room.
Front of works inside a log house
Interior decoration of a log house begins with drawing up a work plan and a scheme for installing finishing materials in the room. Depending on various factors and characteristics of the house itself, the sequence of actions, the way of laying the cladding, the methods of fastening, can change, but there are a number of general rules that should be followed.
First of all, installation work begins with the floors. Most of the communication systems, insulation, sound insulation and similar installations pass in this place. During work, you also need to provide a comfortable and convenient environment. Having made the floor, the owners will be comfortable working throughout the room without worrying about where to put their feet so as not to twist them.
You can make a temporary cover if you haven't installed insulation yet. In this case, it is important that the floor beams do not wobble or sag. You can fasten it with nails in several places, so that later it will be convenient to dismantle the boards.
Avoid fixing the baseboard around the perimeter of the room if you haven't finished laying the floors yet. Before the main installation work, interior doors are installed on the mills.
After the wooden floor has been laid, it will be possible to process the timber with special antiseptics, refractory impregnations, to seal up the joints and cracks. After the floor, the wall cladding is laid. Before fastening to the crate, all dimensions of the parts must be carefully measured so that large gaps between the joints do not turn out. At the final stage, the ceiling is installed.
If you yourself have never done such work yourself and want everything to be done quickly, then it is better to immediately contact the professionals. Of course, this is not a cheap service, but you can be sure that everything will be done correctly, in accordance with all technical standards.
If you want to do everything yourself, prepare the necessary tools and the appropriate amount of building material for your floor space. In advance, you need to choose the future design of the room, and think over all the details of the interior.
How to do video
From the video you will learn how to properly decorate a house inside.
Finishing features
The interior of a log house is decorated using the same materials as in other buildings. The work requires an attentive approach from the owners, if they want to do everything on their own.
There are some specifics to be aware of in advance.
The most important factor is that after building a house made of wood, it is imperative to wait a certain time for the shrinkage to take place. The primary shrinkage of the profiled bar can take a month. For wooden structures, shrinkage is a very important factor, since in stone or brick buildings, the coefficient is not so critical for further finishing work from the inside.
The degree of shrinkage depends on the climate in your area, the level of humidity, the average temperature in the season, the type of wood, its thickness and many other parameters. Depending on this, the time for the process can vary significantly - from 2 months to 3 years.
Secondary shrinkage is not critical, since this will insignificantly affect the height of the floor - up to 1% of the total height.
Choice of materials
For interior decoration of premises, you can use a lot of different materials that differ not only in cost, but also in ease of installation, appearance, thermal conductivity and other parameters.
Most often, lining, wall panels are used for interior decoration and cladding of a wooden house. This material is relatively inexpensive, easy to use, lightweight. In addition, in specialized stores you can choose a shape, relief and even a color scheme.
Natural wood is much more expensive, but with proper treatment and care, it will last longer.
Floor device
To lay the wooden flooring on the floor, it is necessary to make blanks and markings. Before starting the installation work, you need to make sure that the subfloor is even, and that heat and waterproofing does not interfere with the future flooring. All unnecessary elements are removed or hidden under wooden logs so that there is no damage when fixing wooden boards.
Thermal insulation is a very important stage in the work. Until the installation of this element is completed, it is not advisable to fix the boards.
Laminate, parquet or planed sheet piling are usually used for flooring. Choose material according to a color scheme that will harmonize well with the walls and ceiling. When buying, pay attention to the markings (degree of thermal conductivity), which may indicate the special purpose of the boards for warm floors.
Wall decoration
If you decide to use natural wood planks for wall decoration, then you can use a special canting machine to obtain blanks. You can decorate the interior of the house not only with a bar, but also choose another material that will be in harmony with the floor and other elements in the room. For work, wood wall panels, lining, plaster, drywall and even paint are often used.
Usually, the walls are finished on a special wooden crate, to which the facing elements will be attached. It is a special supporting frame mounted on the wall. Drywall, lining or other materials are screwed to it. Calculate the strength of the fasteners based on the weight of the finish.
When you have finished laying the floor and walls, you can cut the baseboard under the corner and measure it before securing. It is important to do this after the walls are ready. Otherwise, additional wall thickness will need to be cut from the blanks.
Ceiling decoration
It is advisable to stylize the ceiling as a timber, and not fix it to its natural size. Nowadays, decorating the ceiling with beams made of wood, polyurethane or polystyrene is very popular, especially if the home is made in Provence, country and loft styles. Here there are natural beamed ceilings, and not their imitation, which can be successfully used at the moment when the house is being finished from a bar with your own hands. If these stylistic options do not suit you, and you want to hide the floor supports, and the house has not given final shrinkage, it is better to give preference to a tension or drywall structure that does not interfere with the shrinkage process and do not deform during this period.
In a bathroom or kitchen, the air humidity is high and the wood floors need additional protection. PVC film suspended ceilings will cope with this task in the best way.
The choice of texture and color is determined by the general style of the design of this room. The choice of films for ceilings is huge and allows you to harmoniously fit them into almost any interior.
Video "Appearance"
In the video you will see how the interior decoration looks like.
In what cases the external cladding of a house from a bar is really needed. It is known that even the most durable wood, including glued timber, is subject to decay processes, can swell under the wag of rainy weather conditions, and can negatively react to aggressive environmental influences. Wall cladding will help preserve the walls.
Why is it needed?
A house made of timber that has become old, has lost its original beauty or is new, recently built, requires external protection. Not to mention the fact that after facing it will significantly improve its appearance. The tree requires constant attention, every 4-5 years (deadline) it is required to treat it with protective agents, maintain the health of the wood, invest money, spend time. Sheathing will save money and effort, you need to do it without delay.
Important! A log house should be sheathed after 2-3 years of shrinkage, the exception is glued laminated timber, which practically does not change its shape.
However, only the competent facing of the house will protect it. The main advantage of wood is its ability to breathe. Correct finishing consists in maintaining the strength of the timber, creating a microclimate favorable for the health of the wood.
A wooden structure must, first of all, be protected from moisture. Increased moisture creates conditions for the formation of fungal formations, mold. Rotting processes can turn wood into dust in a short time. The moisture level of the walls after shrinkage is 10-12%, the development of fungal colonies occurs when its level reaches 22%. The walls swell from slanting rains, fogs, during the period of snow melting, the tree, like a pump, draws in moisture and transfers it to the inter-crown heaters. Vapor saturation takes place from inside the house.
Wall protection - ventilation, vapor barrier. The use of diffusion membranes, with many micro-holes, windproof, repelling moisture drops and vapor barrier films that do not allow water vapor to pass through, are essential for proper wall cladding.
Important! It is impossible to use polyethylene wrapping the structure tightly, not allowing the wood to breathe. The use of ordinary spunbond, megaizol and other vapor barrier membranes is preferable, by the way, they are not much more expensive.
It is mandatory to install ventilation gaps for any type of finish, which contribute to the release of moisture, free air circulation.
To equip the frame on which the finishing material is mounted, you should use a wooden beam with a section of 4x5, 5x5. To create the recommended ventilation gap of 4-5 cm, you should use a counter rail from the same bar. A ventilated façade presupposes the presence of openings covered with grilles that allow free air flow.
Important! The use of a metal profile is not recommended. The metal freezes, condensation is released during thawing, filling the interior with moisture.
Flax or jute is preferable as a heater. Mats made of these materials are not cheap, but their use is fully justified. Mineral wool will sag over time, artificial polymer materials, which are not breathable, are not very healthy, while natural insulation lasts a long time and protects reliably.
What properties should materials have?
There are a lot of materials for house cladding. But those are needed that have characteristics that are important for this purpose:
- low thermal conductivity;
- high fire resistance;
- biological resistance;
- inertness to chemical environments;
- breathability.
Added to this is the ease of installation and low cost. The aesthetic merits of materials are not of the last importance.
For cladding a log house, the construction market offers different options today, it is worth considering only a few of them. It:
- block house;
- professional flooring;
- siding;
- brick;
- thermal panels.
These materials have undoubted advantages and disadvantages. Everyone has different cost and performance parameters. Each type of finish can be used for a log house, in terms of preserving the walls, protecting them.
The advantages of a block house start with an attractive appearance. This is especially valuable for those who would like to preserve the appearance of a wooden structure. A block house according to the manufacturing method is:
- wooden;
- metal;
- vinyl.
The first one is made of natural wood, by processing "a square in a circle", the outer semicircles of the logs are cut, impregnated with special compounds, packed, excluding any deformation. The disadvantages include the weight of the finishing, which creates a serious load on the foundation and load-bearing walls, which should be taken into account when finishing old houses, as a rule, without foundations.
Metal block - house imitates wood, it can be steel or aluminum. A clear advantage of the material is its durability, wear resistance, inertness to sunlight, biochemical aggression. Modern manufacturers offer a variety of colors, sophistication of textures, the buyer is given a worthy choice.
Vinyl block - house is made of PVC, its advantages are durability, light weight, resistance to temperature extremes. The disadvantages include the fragility of the material, especially in severe frosts. Aesthetic data is acceptable.
Installation of a block-house is carried out on a wooden frame, installed on a wall previously prepared and sheathed with a membrane film.
Important! The timber used for the frame requires additional treatment with antiseptics and fire retardants. The residual moisture content of the timber should not exceed 12%. If the weight of one stick is noticeable, it must be dried.
The step of the lathing is 50-60 cm, the counter lathing is made of a bar of the same section or 30x40 mm, installed on a wind protection layer. Installation of block-house panels begins from the bottom up. Observe the horizontal installation. The lower part of the building (at least 30 cm from the ground) is sheathed with stone or basement panels.
The block - house is equipped with convenient locks, the panels can be fastened to the crate with clamps, self-tapping screws, galvanized nails.
The main advantage of corrugated board is its price. Just like all the materials considered in the article, it is easy to install, and therefore popular with those who do everything with their own hands. In addition, the corrugated board is strong, has good performance characteristics, low weight, which does not particularly increase the load on the load-bearing walls and foundation.
Manufacturers offer plain sheets or with a pattern that imitates wood. Sheets are produced with a thickness of 0.8mm to 1mm, the height of the corrugation ranges from 8mm to 35mm, the width of the sheet is also different from 1076x1035 to 1200x1150 mm.
What is corrugated board, it is a corrugated steel sheet with an outer coating, there are two types of office:
- zinc;
- polymeric.
A fairly frequently used coating is galvanized. It is applied in the process of rolling the sheet by hot application. The use of such a profiled sheet is unlikely to decorate the house, dull colors, boring gray even for a fence is not suitable, in addition, over time, the material becomes vulnerable to corrosion, the only advantage is its low cost.
Advice! It is better to use a polymer-coated profiled sheet, its cost is not much different from galvanized sheets, and the advantages are much higher.
The combined zinc / aluminum coating eliminates these disadvantages. The professional sheet acquires quite worthy technical characteristics, resistance to biochemical effects, abrasion, and anti-corrosion properties. Polymer coatings with similar chemical and technical characteristics also look attractive. Polymers are applied over galvanized. Plastoisol with a layer of 175 microns protects from ultraviolet radiation, polyester adds shine to surfaces, pural significantly improves the strength of the sheet and its appearance.
Wall surfaces are sheathed with corrugated sheet according to the principle of a ventilated facade. If necessary, lay a layer of insulation, mandatory vapor barrier and wind protection. It can be mounted on a frame made of wooden beams or metal profiles.
Profile step 60cm. First, self-aligning brackets are installed on self-tapping screws. Installation is carried out along one vertical. U-shaped vertical profiles are placed on the brackets. Then they attach the insulation, vapor barrier. Then the professional sheet is mounted. Fastened with self-tapping screws with caps and washers.
Important! There must be an expansion gap between the head and the profiled sheet, which is necessary for the expansion of the material under the influence of heat. Extensions are installed at the joints to hide them.
Fastening to a bar is similar, only instead of U-shaped profiles, bars placed on the edge are installed.
In principle, a large plinth is not needed, but its presence is important in terms of the aesthetic perfection of the facade.
Siding
Refers to the most popular types of facade design. The material is relatively inexpensive, has all the necessary technical and operational advantages. Suffice it to say that such a finish lasts up to 50 years. Siding houses look attractive, neat.
First, they make mandatory preparation of the walls, remove unnecessary parts, remove lights, ebb tides, window sills, and take out nails. Cracks and crevices are filled with sealants. The timber is treated with antiseptics, impregnations with protective properties that extend the life of the wood.
Advice! It is better to use silicone sealants, when they harden, they isolate cracks from moisture, hold them together, enhancing the cohesion of the tree.
For the frame, it is preferable to use a beam of 40x40, 40x50mm, treated with an antiseptic against decay and microorganisms. During installation, you need to monitor the evenness of the lines so that the siding surface is perfect, use a level.
Insulation is laid between the racks of the crate, a vapor barrier membrane film is mounted on top. Then the lathing is installed to obtain a ventilated facade. The timber for it can be smaller in size 30x40mm.
Siding installation begins from the start panel. All subsequent planks are installed with a gap for thermal expansion. The corners are equipped with special elements, as well as individual parts will be needed to frame window and door openings. Manufacturers believe that for the installation of siding, there are enough lock joints with which all the strips are equipped, but practice shows that additional fixation with self-tapping screws will not hurt.
The choice of siding is great. Plastic siding is distinguished by excellent properties, hygroscopicity, inertness to biochemical effects, durability. Its price is quite affordable for the average income. The disadvantage is fragility, especially in cold weather, average resistance to combustion. Metal siding is characterized by increased wear resistance, does not fade in the sun, unlike plastic siding. Durability and ability to preserve its original appearance are its special advantages. Disadvantages - higher price, more weight. Wooden siding is not in great demand. Such protection requires constant care, treatment with antiseptics; it is not reasonable to protect the tree with a tree. For finishing the basement, there is a special siding - basement.
Brick finishing
Brick cladding is the construction of a barrier of considerable weight. Such cladding should be planned at the design stage. In addition, a well-equipped ventilation system is required to free the timber from excess moisture. It is advisable to use brick cladding only if the house is laid out of a bar with a section of 150x150, saving on wall material, you will have to spend money on additional insulation so that the operation does not ruin the family budget.
The foundation must be wide so that the area of \u200b\u200bthe sole can withstand the general loads. The ventilation gap is at least 50 mm wide to the width of the insulation layer. You will need ventilation holes equipped with gratings in the second row of masonry every 10 meters.
The brick is fastened to the timber wall with the help of ties - metal elements, one of which is walled up into the seam of the masonry, and the second is hammered into the timber. There are 5 ties per 1m in length of a brick, in height the ties are mounted on every 5th row.
Important! Brick cladding is done only after complete shrinkage.
After sheathing, the house looks presentable, solid. Its performance is improved.
Facing a house from a bar with thermal panels
New technologies are gradually entering our lives. Sheathing with thermal panels not only significantly improves the characteristics of the house, it radically changes the appearance of the building, turning it into a fabulous tower.
The material replaces brick, stone, does not require insulation, the multilayer porous structure reliably protects the walls from moisture, frost, and other environmental influences. No vapor barrier or wind protection is required, everything is provided in the structure of the panels. Installing thermal panels and forgetting about the problems of the facade for many years, paying, however, decent money for the material is a reasonable solution.
Installation can be done wet (thermal panels are glued to the wall surface), lathing can be installed. Fastening is performed by tightly joining the panels together, fixing with self-tapping screws.
The choice of material for cladding a house from siding is varied. What is best for you - decide!
Timber houses are a very popular type of construction. The timber is easily assembled due to the rectangular profile, such buildings are quickly erected, therefore this building material occupies a leading position in the segment of wooden housing construction. In temperate and northern latitudes, it is customary to insulate and veneer timber.
Features of timber structures
Profiled timber houses do not differ from log houses in terms of construction technology. The material itself is very attractive. The building made of natural wood with a beautiful pattern of fibers looks organically against the background of a natural landscape. For low-rise private construction, sawn, glued and profiled beams are used, which determines the installation technology. Buildings from a bar are environmentally friendly, this material is breathable.
The cross section of the material is from 10 to 20 centimeters. The section size is the thickness of the walls. For cold climatic conditions, this is clearly not enough, therefore, the walls inside and outside have to be insulated so that the final wall thickness for a temperate climate is at least 40 centimeters. There is a need for facing facades with insulation, which is performed with various materials corresponding to the style of construction. The disadvantages include the ability of wood to absorb moisture, the tendency to form corrosion from excessive moisture, high flammability. The exterior finish is designed to reduce the influence of negative atmospheric factors, insulate and improve the safety of the home.
Suitable finishing time
Facade finishing is started after the final shrinkage of the log house. Porous wood fibers absorb and release moisture, this deforms and slightly changes the size of the wall, even if the wood was well dried before construction. Timber structures are subject to shrinkage from several months to two years. The construction season also affects the shrinkage time: construction in winter will take 7–8 months, in summer - at least 12 months. The most intense deformation process is observed in the first three months.
There are some differences in these terms for different materials. The exterior decoration of a house made of laminated veneer lumber can begin as early as three months after construction, since this material was dried using special technologies in production and does not lend itself to the influence of atmospheric moisture and does not deform. Due to gluing the timber, the wood fibers do not twist along the length. Round and sawn timber does not have these qualities, since the most dense wood of the outer layer of the log is cut off during processing. This reduces moisture resistance and makes the timber vulnerable to rotting and fungus. Experts recommend choosing the time of the end of autumn - the beginning of winter for construction because of the low cost of construction, then in the summer it will be possible to start installing windows, doors, exterior and interior decoration without fear of cracking the cladding.
Types of materials
The finished log frame can be faced from the outside with various types of finishes: stone, bricks, plastic or metal siding, flexible ceramics. You can use a false beam. Each option has both advantages and disadvantages. The most expensive and durable finishing material is natural decorative stone, its installation requires special professional skills. Stone tiles are glued to the facade using the same technology as tiles in a bathroom or sauna using moisture-resistant components of the adhesive. Natural stone is a heavy material, and installation may require special fasteners to provide strength. More often, only the basement of the building and some parts of the wall or porch with columns are trimmed with stone.
It is better to use artificial decorative stone. In terms of aesthetic qualities, it is in no way inferior to the present, and in terms of operational properties it even surpasses it. The front surface of the artificial stone imitates any natural mineral that is more resistant to adverse mechanical stress. Its price is slightly lower, but it is also an expensive finish. The compensation will be a long service life and a solid appearance of the house, the ability to choose any shade of stone.
A common technique is to impose brickwork on the timber. It significantly increases the cost of construction, but the house will receive the necessary thermal insulation. The service life of the structure will increase significantly, the flammability coefficient will decrease. Such houses maintain a comfortable indoor environment even in the northern regions. Facing the entire structure, even in half a brick, will require strengthening the foundation and professional skills in brickwork.
A popular lightweight option is decorative facade clinker tiles., which looks aesthetically pleasing in combination with wood. It has variations in thickness, appearance and size. During the manufacturing process, firing takes place, and the corner elements are made by extrusion, this extends the service life of the finish to several decades. Clinker tiles have irregularities on the back side, due to which there is good adhesion to the wall surface. The front side imitates not only different types of minerals, but also bricks with different shades.
Edged and unedged boards, raised beams, wooden laths, block houses are the most common finishing materials in private wooden housing construction. Good thermal insulation properties, rural style aesthetics and natural wood beauty attract the attention of consumers. The block house allows you to simulate designs from a solid log. The wooden lath and edged board neatly hide the insulation, do not violate the naturalistic natural style and are affordable and easy to install. Often, wood trim is complemented by carvings, which greatly adorn buildings in the Russian style.
Separately, you should pay attention to the unedged board. This stuff costs a penny. But the façade, properly sheathed with unedged boards, turns the house into a work of art. The bark is removed from the board or slab, the facades are sanded and sewn up. The rough finish gives the building a rustic look and becomes an aesthetic accent. Firing wood adds decorativeness while increasing the durability and strength of the material.
With all the positive qualities of natural wood, it is not sufficiently moisture resistant and lends itself to fungus.The replacement was plastic and metal siding. Metal siding is more suitable for industrial buildings, but can be used in civil engineering as well. Modern technologies have made it possible to give good technical characteristics to these materials: durability, moisture resistance, pigment resistance, variety of designs, ease of self-assembly, affordable price category. The neat and aesthetic appearance of the house is guaranteed for a decade or more.
Flexible ceramics is a new, technologically advanced material. The basis is made of clay with polymers. Flexible ceramics is characterized by durability, does not fade in the sun, is very convenient to use, moisture resistant and durable. This is a roll material and the cladding is similar to wallpapering. They can be used to paste over structures with round shapes - columns, arches, vaults, domes. Due to the presence of clay in the composition, it is breathable, but still, for most finishes on a wooden frame, a ventilated facade insulation is needed.
A plastered facade is a simple and dignified exterior wall finish. The work is not difficult, but laborious, it is not difficult to master it. It is a good fire protection, easy to repair. The plastered facade matches any style of decoration. It can be carried out for painting or for decorative plaster.
There are the following types of decorative plaster:
- mineral - this is a durable, mold and mildew resistant cement mixture;
- silicate is made from liquid potassium glass. It is considered breathable and durable;
- acrylic is made from synthetic resins, has a high coefficient of frost resistance. The presence of resin in the composition of the plaster gives it plasticity, with possible deformations of the facade, the surface is resistant to cracking.
Surface preparation
Preparation for the external facing of the facade begins with the impregnation of the timber with special anti-corrosion and fire retardants. Without a thermal insulation device, a film or a special membrane is laid on the surface with an overlap. Further, they are attached to the wall with a construction stapler, and the joints are glued with tape. A plaster mesh is attached to the film. Further, it is plastered and stone or facing tiles are laid.
For other types of finishes, they begin to insulate the outer walls.After fixing the film on the frame, the crate is stuffed. It is performed with a metal profile, or it can be made from wooden slats. The profile or rail is stuffed in 50 cm increments. Mineral wool or polystyrene is placed in the cells so that 2-3 centimeters of empty space are left to the edge of the sheathing for ventilation of the facade. From above, the insulation is covered with a windproof membrane and covered with a plaster mesh for subsequent plastering and stone sticking or painting.
For cladding the facade, the second row of battens is stuffed. This row will become the basis for cladding from siding, wooden boards or slats, flexible ceramics. In this case, the facing material is attached with self-tapping screws to the upper lathing. It is necessary to make the crate with such a step that it is convenient to fasten the finishing elements.
Cladding installation
There are two ways to decorate with stone or tiles: with jointing (a more decorative look) and end-to-end (a monolithic coating is obtained). Some types of decorative tiles can only be laid in one of these ways, it is worth asking in advance when buying, since the seam device requires special skills and devices. If the stone is of different sizes, then first they lay out some part on the floor, trying to achieve the maximum decorative effect by alternating parts of different sizes. Laying begins with openings and corners from bottom to top.
New technologies have made this process easier. Thermal panels have appeared on sale - this is a ready-made insulation plate with a layer of decorative stone already glued on. The type, color and texture of the decor can be selected to your liking, thermal panels are glued directly to the facade. It is important that the surface of the wall is flat. For wooden walls, this material is not the best choice, since there is no ventilation of the wood. Modular types of cladding, siding, rail, lining are attached using self-tapping screws to the crate or special locks from the bottom up. The first row is installed at a height of 10-15 cm from the ground for air circulation under the panels, if the plinth is not provided.
Decorative plaster is applied to the rough layer. It can be smooth or embossed. The relief helps to hide façade irregularities. The optimal layer thickness for the facade is 1 cm. When choosing plaster for finishing the facade of a wooden house, you need to be prepared for the inevitable appearance of cracks, since wood has plasticity and deforms a little all the time.