Summer is the time for berries in Russia. We follow them into the forest, grow them on our own suburban areas, we buy from grandmothers a cute look in the neighboring market, or we are content with what the hypermarkets brought for us from abroad. We love berries because they are delicious and contain a wealth of vitamins. But this often happens: our native Russian language, coupled with historical circumstances, casts doubt on our knowledge of something. So in the case of berries: strawberries or victoria?
Actually Strawberry Is a well-known herbaceous horticultural crop. The natural range of this plant is Europe. It is also grown there as cultivated plant. Victoria same - this is one of the names of garden strawberries. Strawberries are also related to strawberries: strawberries for her are hyponyms, i.e. the name of the plant genus in this case. So here's victoria and strawberries - different types of the same kind. Accordingly, they are similar in appearance, have similar taste characteristics, but differ in some parameters. For example, Victoria does not occur in the wild in nature. In our country, it is one of the most common grown berries, while real strawberries are almost never cultivated here. In this case, the name applies to all types of garden strawberries, even those that are not Victoria, since this is the most popular type of this plant in Russia. Also, strawberries have less large berries, but it is believed that they are sweeter and more fragrant (although it all depends on the specific variety, plant care). Strawberries do not spread on the ground like strawberries, they are quite high even in comparison with the level of the leaves. Also, Victoria is a monoecious plant, and strawberries are dioecious (that is, male and female flowers are usually not located on the same bush).
Strawberry 
Victoria
Conclusions site
- Strawberries and victoria are plants of the same kind, but different types of strawberries
- Strawberries are grown more in Europe, while Victoria is grown in Russia.
- Strawberries and Victoria have some differences in the structure of the plant, such as the size of the berries (Victoria is larger), differences in the vegetative system, as well as taste.
Both types of berries have a very fragrant and tasty fruit, and their yield is average. And since the 19th century, strawberries have been called the actual varieties that bear fruit all summer, and Victoria is an ordinary large-fruited strawberry that bears fruit once in a while. summer period, in May - June.
After the discovery of America, several species were delivered to Europe local species strawberries, where, through arbitrary mixing and cross-pollination of two types - Virginian and Chilean - they got the original varieties of large-fruited strawberries. Berries from crossing received the name pineapple strawberry - Fragaria ananassa.
The first variety from cross-pollination was "Victoria". The variety was noticed in Russia, and it became extremely popular, displacing real strawberries and wild strawberries into the background. The name "Victoria" then spread to all types and varieties, both strawberries and strawberries. "Victoria" - this strawberry variety, named after the British queen and the first one brought to Russian empire v late XVIII century. Some summer residents call the strawberry bush Victoria, a similar variety is already absent. The common name for large garden strawberries is now "Victoria". This name has survived to this day, in most of the regions of the Russian Federation, this is the Volga region with the Urals, and almost all of Siberia, calls strawberries - Victoria.
Victoria Berry is a perennial shrub with hibernating leaves growing in a spiral around the core; on the core of the Victoria berry bush there are wintering buds, leafy, and with flowers. The Victoria berry reproduces vegetatively with the help of green cords, on which, at certain intervals, the buds are located. When in contact with the soil, roots are formed there, leaves develop, after a year they are completely independent plants. The "Victoria" bush normally bears fruit only for the first 3-5 years, after that the bush accumulates a colossal number of rot, mold, nematodes, ticks, the harvest falls, the planting must be transferred to another place.
The Victoria berry bears fruit once a year. From late May nights to mid-August dawn, the time when harvesting can begin, depending on the variety. The collection time itself can be from 1 to 3 weeks, the further south, the longer.
Victoria berries are a false fruit-berry, since its real fruits are nuts, pressed into the juicy pulp of an overgrown receptacle. The diameter of some Victoria berries can reach 11 centimeters, and the weight is up to 120 grams, but this is very rare, most often the berries are small, varying degrees aroma and sweetness. The color of the berry can vary from a pale pinkish-reddish to a rich scarlet and carmine-bloody color, and the flesh itself is a delicate pinkish hue.
Victoria's Berries contain different kinds sugars, pectin, trace elements, vitamins, P-active substances, the richer the color, the more nutrients.
One of the most valuable natural compounds contained in berries is folic acid, which Victoria has more than grapes and raspberries! And also coumarins, easily digestible compounds of iron, cobalt, manganese, vitamin K.
Victoria berries are consumed both fresh and processed, even for wine. They can alleviate many ailments, and juice, berry pulp are used as cosmetic product for face and neck skin.
Features of planting, care and protection of Victoria
The best soils for planting Victoria bushes are recognized as slightly acidic sandy loam and loam, both gray soils and chernozems. Bushes should not grow in lowlands and on steep hills, and there should also be no high standing of water (then only ridges).
Victoria is planted in the summer and at the beginning of autumn no deeper than the bushes grew before. Landing types are varied, the main ones are two-line-flight, continuous (carpet). The first is 20cm between Victoria bushes in the line, 33-35 cm in the ribbon and 70-90 cm between the ribbons. The second type is an extensive method, when the bushes are planted from each other from 30 cm, and their whiskers then fill almost all the empty space.
Watering is rare, but abundant. Victoria must be watered four times:
- before flowering;
- immediately after flowering;
- when pouring berries;
- after the first frost in the fall.
Top dressing:
- in the spring, before flowering, scatter a bucket of humus with a glass of ash for each near the Victoria bushes square meter landings;
- at the beginning of flowering, treat with a store-bought mixture of fertilizers with microelements, for berries, on a sheet, strictly following the instructions;
- repeat the processing when pouring berries, but pick up the mixture so that it promotes this ("for the ovary", "berry" and others);
- after picking berries, carry out the subcortex with potassium and phosphorus at the rate of 30-45 K, 35-45 R, add dry under surface loosening, and then watering.
Victoria is sick with diseases:
- fruit rot, gray;
- verticillosis (wilting);
- powdery mildew.
Species such as nematodes, beetles, ticks, flower beetles, slugs.
It is necessary to protect Victoria immediately, as soon as the manifestations of diseases and pests are noticed. But since its fruits can be eaten by children, preference in the fight against various misfortunes should be given to biological and mechanical methods.
Most famous varieties: Zenga-Zengana, Festivalnaya, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Lvivska, Talisman, Source... In general, there are a lot of varieties of berries, it is extremely problematic to list them. In general, Victoria is tenacious and rarely freezes. But only with the observance of a set of care measures can it bestow not only a large, but also a delicious harvest!
Gardeners are often confused about the names: strawberries, strawberries, victoria, so I want to clarify these concepts.
Dear gardeners, we all grow large-fruited garden strawberries in our gardens different varieties, and there is no need to describe its characteristics. In literary language, it is simply abbreviated as strawberry. It is her in various regions of Russia that is even now called strawberries or victoria. Why are strawberries called that?
Strawberries were grown in Russia many years ago. This crop has very tasty and fragrant berries, but, unfortunately, its berries are much smaller than those of large-fruited garden strawberries, and it is low-yielding. By appearance this plant is very similar to large-fruited garden strawberries. However, there are also differences. Its peduncles (and hence the berries) are located much higher than the leaves. The edges of the leaves are strongly dissected. The flowers are white, pink and light lilac, they are smaller than those of strawberries. Nowadays, strawberries are extremely rare in gardens.
Why, in some areas, strawberries are called Victoria?
For the first time, large-fruited garden strawberries were brought to us in Russia from America. It was brought by seafarers. It was the Victoria strawberry variety. When our gardeners saw this plant for the first time, they asked the sailors: "What kind of plant is this?" The sailors answered them: "Victoria!"
Since that time, there has been a confusion in the name: some call it strawberries, others - Victoria.
In the 80-90s of the last century, scientists, crossing strawberries with large-fruited garden strawberries, brought out a completely new garden culture -. This is eloquently said by itself. 
the name of the culture. This culture is more winter-hardy, better withstands diseases of strawberries, in particular, such a common disease as gray rot... Many varieties have already been created: Raisa, Penelope, Nadezhda Zagorya, Diana and others. This culture partially combines positive traits both parental pairs: its berries are larger than those of strawberries (although much smaller than those of large-fruited strawberries). She "took" a pleasant aroma from strawberries and good taste qualities... But despite such positive qualities, this culture has not yet found wide distribution in our gardens. The main obstacle to this is the relatively small size of the berries - 7-12 g, although they are much larger than strawberries, but smaller than those of modern strawberry varieties.
Frans Khasanovich KHALILOV,
honored agricultural worker
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Do you sell strawberry or strawberry seedlings? Are there any Victoria seedlings? These are some of the most popular questions asked by buyers of berry seedlings in the market. And if you give the right answer, you can rest assured your buyer. In everyday life, large garden strawberries are called strawberries or victoria. This is not true. What are the differences and similarities between these popular berries?
All varieties of strawberries or strawberries belong to the Rosaceae family of the genus Strawberry.
Unlike strawberries, mainly dioecious plant, that is, on some strawberry bushes there are only staminate flowers (male), and on others only pistillate colors (female).
To pollinate five rows of female strawberry bushes, you must have one row of male ones. Fruits are formed on female strawberry bushes.
Male strawberry plants produce more whiskers and can crowd out female ones.
Strawberry flowers, unlike strawberries, rise above the foliage. Strawberries have more flavorful berries. V State register breeding achievements did not include any strawberry cultivars.
Wild strawberry is not the ancestor large varieties garden strawberries. From the garden strawberry, remontant varieties of strawberries and varieties with white berries originated.
Garden strawberry appeared in Holland at the beginning of the 18th century. It is believed that the predecessors of large-fruited garden strawberries are hybrids imported from America, Chilean and Virginia strawberries.
In Russia large-fruited varieties strawberries were introduced at the end of the 18th century. One of the oldest strawberry varieties brought to Russia was the variety Victoria, subsequently, Victoria began to be called not so much a variety as the garden strawberry itself.
V recent times strawberry - strawberry hybrids were obtained.
The technology does not differ significantly.
How to correctly name the berries, let the scientists think about it, the main thing is that they are large and sweet.
When I correspond with gardeners or my articles on strawberry care appear, letters come to me asking if I grow strawberries, although they mean large-fruited garden strawberries.
Dear gardeners, we all grow large-fruited garden strawberries of various varieties in our gardens, and there is no need to describe its characteristics. In literary language, it is simply abbreviated as strawberry. It is her in various regions of Russia that is even now called strawberries or Victoria. Why are strawberries called that?
Many years ago, strawberries were grown in Russia. This crop has very tasty and fragrant berries, but, unfortunately, its berries are much smaller than those of large-fruited garden strawberries, and it is low-yielding. In appearance, this plant is very similar to large-fruited garden strawberries. However, there are also differences. Its peduncles (and hence the berries) are located much higher than the leaves. The edges of the leaves are strongly dissected. The flowers are white, pink and light lilac, they are smaller than those of strawberries. Nowadays, strawberries are extremely rare in gardens.
Why, in some areas, strawberries are called Victoria?
For the first time, large-fruited garden strawberries were brought to us in Russia from America. It was brought by seafarers. It was the Victoria strawberry variety. When our gardeners saw this plant for the first time, they asked the sailors: "What kind of plant is this?" The sailors answered them: "Victoria!"
Since that time, there has been a confusion in the name: some call it strawberries, others - Victoria.
In the 80-90s of the last century, scientists, crossing strawberries with large-fruited garden strawberries, bred a completely new garden culture - the earthworm. The very name of the culture speaks volumes about this. This culture is more winter-hardy, better withstands diseases of strawberries, in particular, such a common disease as gray rot. Many varieties have already been created: Raisa, Penelope, Nadezhda Zagorya, Diana and others. This culture partially combines the positive qualities of both parental pairs: its berries are larger than those of strawberries (although much smaller than those of large-fruited strawberries). She "took" a pleasant aroma and good taste from strawberries. But despite such positive qualities, this culture has not yet found wide distribution in our gardens. The main obstacle to this is the relatively small size of the berries - 7-12 g, although they are much larger than strawberries, but smaller than those of modern strawberry varieties.