Curmarket gas is not in vain called oxygen poison - when entering the body, it quickly comes into contact with hemoglobin and blocks the transmission of oxygen to cells, and also disrupts the biochemical equilibrium in the tissues. As a result, the body is experiencing oxygen starvation.
Since the nerve cells particularly feel the lack of oxygen, the first poisonings are manifested in the form of a violation of work. nervous system. Man begins to feel dizziness, headache, knocking in and. There is also a light violation of coordination.
For easy poisoning carnant gas Symptoms such as tearing, chest pain, vomiting, skin redness, an increase in blood pressure, tachycardia is also characteristic. Hearing and visual hallucinations are also possible. With moderate severity, there is a feeling of drowsiness, paralysis is possible with the preservation of consciousness.
The severe degree of carbon monoxide poisoning is manifested by the loss of consciousness, convulsions, weakening the reaction of pupils into light, involuntary feces, the formation of the skin, disruption. If at this stage instantly do not assist, coma, stop breathing and death.
The consequences of carbon monoxide
Light carbon monoxide poisoning when providing timely and proper medical care usually does not entail serious consequences for the body. In other cases, a violation of cerebral circulation, brain swelling, visual impairment and hearing, polyneurite, myocardial infarction, partial paralysis, skin disorders with necrosis development. And with long-term finding in a state of the coma, it is almost always noteworthy.
Medical care for carbon monoxide poisoning
The victim from carbon monoxide in any condition must first be taken out on fresh air. When poisoning medium and serious degree, it is necessary to ensure peace, unzip the belt, shirt, remove the tie and insure. After that, you need to call an ambulance, otherwise it can be fatal. In case of easy poisoning carbon monoxide, the victim must be given to sniff the blade moistened in the ammonia alcohol, and a glass of strong tea. And then provide him to peace and long stay on fresh air.
If poisoning occurred carbon monoxide T. we are talking About a serious pathological condition. It develops if a certain concentration falls into the body carbon monoxide .
This condition is dangerous to health and life, and if you do not directly contact the specialists for help, there may be death from carbon monoxide.
Carbon monoxide (Carbon monoxide, CO) is a product that stands out in the combustion process and enters the atmosphere. Since poisoning gas has no smell, no taste, and it is impossible to determine its presence in the air, it is very dangerous. In addition, it can penetrate through the soil, walls, filters. Many are interested in the question, carbon monoxide is harder or lighter than air, the answer is easier than air.
That is why it is possible to determine that the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air is exceeded, using special instruments. Also to suspect CO poisoning can be if a person is rapidly developing some signs.
Under the conditions of the city, the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air increases vehicle exhaust gases. But the poisoning of the car with exhaust gases can occur only at high concentrations.
How does CO act on the body?
This gas in the blood comes very quickly and is actively associated with. As a result, produced carboxygemoglobin which is more closely associated with hemoglobin than oxygemoglobin (oxygen and hemoglobin). The resulting substance blocks the transmission of oxygen to tissue cells. As a result, evolving hemic type.
Curmarket gas in the body is associated with mioglobin (This is a protein of skeletal muscles and heart muscle). As a result, the pump function of the heart is reduced, the expressed weakness of the muscles is developing.
Also carbon monoxide It comes into oxidative reactions, which disrupts the normal biochemical balance in the tissues.
Where can the carbon monoxide poisoning?
Many situations may occur at which carbon monoxide is possible:
- poisoning of combustion products during a fire;
- indoors where exploited gas equipmentand there is no normal ventilation, insufficient air, which is necessary for normal gas combustion;
- in those production, where with participates in the synthesis reactions of substances ( acetone , phenol );
- in places where automobile exhaust gases can accumulate due to insufficient ventilation - in tunnels, garages, etc.;
- at home, when the luminous gas leak occurs;
- with long staying close to very lively motorways;
- with long use kerosene lampif the room is not ventilated;
- if the furnace flap was too early home furnace, fireplace, bath oven;
- when using breathing apparatus with poor quality air.
Who can suffer from increased sensitivity to CO?
- people who are diagnosed with the exhaustion of the body;
- those who suffer,;
- future mothers;
- teenagers, children;
- those who smoke a lot;
- people abusing alcohol.
It should be known that organs and systems in case of escalating gas are faster in women. Symptoms of poisoning are also manifested methane .
Signs of carbon monoxide poisoning
The symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are described below, depending on the concentration of CO. The symptoms of household gas poisoning and with poisoning from other sources are manifested in different ways, and by how the carbonated gas operates on a person (not carbonated, as sometimes erroneously called it), it can be assumed how strong there was a concentration in the air. However, carbon dioxide in high concentrations can also lead to poisoning and manifestation of a number of disturbing symptoms.
Concentration to 0.009%
Clinical manifestations are marked after 3-5 hours:
- lowering the speed of psychomotor reactions;
- strengthening blood flow in vital organs;
- people S. heart failure in severe, there is also pain in the chest.
Concentration to 0.019%
Clinical manifestations are celebrated after 6 hours:
- reduced performance;
- dyspnea with medium physical Loads;
- headache , rigorous;
- violations;
- the death of the fetus may also occur the death of those who suffer from heart failure in severe form.
Concentration 0.019-0.052%
- strong pulsating headache;
- irritability, instability of the emotional state;
- nausea;
- violation of attention, memory;
- problems with shallow motor.
Concentration to 0.069%
Clinical manifestations are marked after 2 hours:
- vision problems;
- stronger headache;
- confusion of consciousness;
- weakness;
- nausea, vomiting;
- rubble.
Concentration 0.069-0.094%
Clinical manifestations are marked after 2 hours:
- heavy motility disorders (ataxia);
- appearance;
- strong frequent breathing.
Concentration 0.1%
Clinical manifestations are marked after 2 hours:
- weak pulse;
- fainting condition;
- convulsions;
- breathing becomes rare and superficial;
- state .
Concentration 0.15%
Clinical manifestations are marked after 1.5 hours. Manifestations are similar to the previous description.
Concentration 0.17%
Clinical manifestations are marked after 0.5 hours.
Manifestations are similar to the previous description.
Concentration 0.2-0.29%
Clinical manifestations are marked after 0.5 hours:
- convulsions appear;
- there is an oppression of breathing and cardiac activity;
- coma ;
- probably death.
Concentration 0.49-0.99%
Clinical manifestations are celebrated after 2-5 minutes:
- missing reflexes;
- pulse thread-shaped;
- deep coma;
- death.
Concentration 1.2%
Clinical manifestations are marked after 0.5-3 minutes:
- convulsions;
- lack of consciousness;
- vomiting;
- death.
Symptoms manifested with carbon monoxide poisoning
Below in the table summarized those signs that manifest themselves when different degrees poisoning:
Mechanism for the development of symptoms
Manifestation of symptoms of different types associated with the effects of carbon monoxide. Consider in more detail the symptoms of different types and features of the mechanisms of their manifestation.
Neurological
The greatest sensitivity of K. hypoxia Nervous cells are demonstrated, as well as brain. That is why the development of dizziness, nausea, headaches indicate that the oxygen fasting cells occurs. More serious neurological symptoms are manifested as a consequence of a strong or irreversible lesion of nervous structures. In this case, convulsions occur, violation of consciousness.
Respiratory
When breathing is surrounded, the compensatory mechanism "turns on". However, if the respiratory center is defeated after poisoning, respiratory movements become superficial and ineffective.
Cardiovascular
Due to the insufficient amount of oxygen, more active cardiac activity is noted, that is, tachycardia . But due to hypoxia, the heart muscle may occur and the pain in the heart. If such pain becomes acute, it means that oxygen completely stopped flowing to myocardium.
Skin
Due to a very strong compensatory blood flow to the head of the mucous and skin Covers Heads become blue-red.
If a carbon monoxide or natural gas poisoning occurred is an easy or moderate, then for a long time, a person can manifest themselves: dizziness and headaches. It also worsens memory, intellectual abilities, emotional oscillations are noted, since the gray and white substance of the brain are affected by poisoning.
The consequences of severe poisoning are usually irreversible. Very often, such lesions end with a fatal outcome. In this case, the following severe manifestations are noted:
- subarachnoid hemorrhage;
- skin-trophic disorders (swelling and tissues);
- motor's swelling ;
- violation of brain hemodynamics;
- impairment of view and hearing up to full loss;
- polynevrit ;
- pneumonia in severe form, which comes complicated;
First aid in charge of carbon monoxide
Primarily, urgent Care In case of selecting carbon monoxide, an immediate cessation of a person's contact with a gas, poisoning organism, as well as the restoration of all important functions of the body. It is extremely important that the one it turns out prefigure help, not subjected to poisoning in the process of these actions. Therefore, if possible, it is necessary to wear a gas mask, and only then to go to the room where poisoning occurred.
Before starting the PMP, you must endure or withdraw the one who has suffered from the room, which increased the concentration of carbon monoxide. It is necessary to clearly understand what gas is, and how quickly it can harm the body. And since each inhalation of the poisoned air will only increase negative symptoms, deliver the victim to fresh air need as soon as possible.
As if quickly and professionally, the first medical care was not provided, even if the person feels relatively well, it is necessary to call an ambulance. No need to be deceived by the fact that the victim is joking and laughs, because such a reaction can be triggered by carbon monoxide on vital centers of the nervous system. Only a professional doctor can clearly appreciate the patient's condition and understand what to do with carbon monoxide poisoning.
If the degree of poisoning is lightweight, the victim need to give strong tea, heat it and ensure full peace.
If the confidence is noted, or it is generally absent, you should put a person on sides on smooth surface, Take care so that he gets the influx of fresh air, unbuttoning his belt, collar, lingerie. Give a sniff ammonia, Holding a wool at a distance of 1 cm.
In the absence of heartbeat and respiration, artificial respiration should be carried out, making sternum massage in heart projection.
With an emergency, it is impossible to act thoughtlessly. If there are still people in a burning building, they can not be saved independently, as this can lead to an increase in the number of victims. It is important to immediately call the Ministry of Emergency Situations.
Even after several inhales of the poisoned from the air, the death of a person may occur. Therefore, it is mistaken to believe that a wet rag or gauze mask can protect against the harmful effect of carbon monoxide. To warn the deadly effect of CO is capable only gas mask.
Carrying gas poisoning treatment
It should not be practiced after poisoning treatment at home. A person in such a situation is needed by the help of specialists.
Provided that the victim resides in a critical condition, doctors conduct a complex of resuscitation activities. Imprint is immediately introduced with 1 ml of antidote 6%. The victim is necessarily delivered to the hospital.
It is important that in such conditions the patient was fully secured. It provides breathing with pure oxygen (partial pressure of 1.5-2 atm.) Or carbogen (Composition - 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide). This procedure is carried out for 3-6 hours.
It is further important to ensure the restoration of the functions of the CNS and other organs. The treatment diagram appointed by a specialist depends on how hard the condition of the patient is and is reversible pathological reactions that have occurred after poisoning.
In order to prevent natural gas poisoning and CO, it is important to very carefully perform those rules that will help prevent dangerous situations.
- If there is a risk of carbon monoxide poisoning in the process of conducting certain works, they need to be carried out only in those rooms that are well ventilated.
- Carefully check the flaps of fireplaces, stoves, not to close them completely until the firewood burned down.
- In a room where CO poisoning can potentially occur, it is necessary to establish autonomous gas detectors.
- If possible contact with carbon monoxide is planned, one capsule must be taken. Atzizola half an hour before such contact. The protective effect will persist up to two and a half hours after receiving the capsule.
Azizol is a drug of domestic production, which is an effective and fast-acting antidote against acute poisoning of CO. He creates an obstacle in the body for education carboxygemoglobin And also speeds up the process of carbon monoxide.
The earlier introduce intramuscularly acizol during poisoning, the greater the chances of a person survive. Also, this medicine increases the effectiveness of those measures that will be subsequently adopted for resuscitation and treatment.
conclusions
Thus, carbon monoxide poisoning is a very dangerous state. The greater is the gas concentration, the most likely the fatal outcome. Therefore, it is very important to consider it extremely closely to comply with all the rules of prevention, and at the very first suspicion of such poisoning immediately cause emergency care.
Represented by a colorless gaseous body. It has no taste, no smell. Getting carbon monoxide is possible under conditions under which incomplete combustion of carbon containing substances. Oxide soluble in alcohol and benzene, poorly dissolved in water.
In small quantities, carbon monoxide is present in the atmosphere, as well as in the layers of stone coal (in the form of inclusions). Carbon monoxic oxide.
The component is present in many aerosols and gases. For example, the share of carbon monoxide in generating gases accounts for about 9-29%, explosive - about 60%, and in exhaust - approximately 6.3%.
Enters the body and the carbon monoxide is excreted from it through the respiratory organs. Having a high affinity for hemoglobin, it (carbon monoxide) provokes its blockade. In addition, the carbon monoxide disrupts oxygen transport, inhibits the breath of tissues, slows the dissociation of oxymemoglobin, causes hypocrium.
Carbon monoxide is able to quickly penetrate the poisoning in the foundry shops, in boiler rooms, when carrying out tests of motors, on the vehicle, in garages, mines, on gas factories. In everygraded furnace furnace or irregular operation of gas plates, intoxication may also occur.
When the consequences may arise very heavy. To determine the degree of intoxication, you should be aware of the symptoms of the state.
With intoxication, the headache arises (mainly in the area of \u200b\u200bthe forehead and temples), the feeling of "ripples" in the temples, the noise in the ears, the weakness of the muscles, vomiting, dizziness. Poisoning is also accompanied by pulse and respiration. A person has a faint state, in particular, with exercise. Some of the first signs are a disturbance of the reaction rate and color assistance disorder.
In the poisoning of moderate severity, the failures of consciousness are noted for several hours. There is a sharp adamine, trembling. Curmarket gas causes disruption of coordination of movements. After the return of consciousness, a pronounced nature is developing.
With a severe form of intoxication, a person is in a protracted comatose state (for five - seven (or more) days). Beneficiation of brain, seizures, tonic and clonic convulsions, musculatte rigidity are noted. Urination and defecation happens involuntarily. Observed also increased sweating. The complexion of the injured brightly scarlet. There is intermittent breathing, hypotension, a tendency to collapse. Probably the occurrence of death in connection with palsy of breathing.
When leaving the coma, a person is in a state of stunning quite a long time. Apathy develops. In some cases, short-term nonsense may occur, motor excitement.
The forecast is based on the depth and duration of the comatose state. When strengthening on the second day, the symptoms of oppression of the central nervous system, the forecast is unfavorable.
After the poisoning of medium and easy degree, the development of the median, elbow or small -com nerve is possible, probably numbness, paralysis.
In chronic intoxication, the victim is constantly complaining of headaches, excessive fatigue, irritability, noise in the ears. In addition, there is a regular short-term orientation violation. Constantly observed dizziness, shortness of breath, pain in the heart area.
Chronic intoxication contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis or complicates its current (if he was already present). Frequent consequences of carbon monoxide poisoning are endocrine disorders, thyrotoxicosis, in particular.
Potential sources of danger are cars that are poorly ventilated, the furnace heating system of the house, various burners, homemade fires. You can even choose carbon monoxide in a residential building if you regularly use defective heating devices.
In most cases of poisoning, this gas occurs in winter time of the year, when people actively use various systems of heating apartments, houses, cars, garages.
Curmarket gas has a specific feature - it does not have color and smell, so it is almost impossible to detect it in the room or the car. If a person does not lose consciousness, then only after the symptoms of poisoning symptoms, he will act.
As soon as the gas enters the body through the respiratory tract, it begins to interact with hemoglobin (hundreds of times faster than with oxygen). As a result, hemoglobin ceases to transport oxygen in the amount of quantities necessary for the life support of various organs. Also in the blood is formed carboxygemoglobin. It is he who blocks the transmission of oxygen to fabrics and cells. Thus develops hypoxia of a hemic type.
In addition, the carbon monoxide comes into oxidative reactions and disrupts biochemical equilibrium in cells.
If a person experienced carbon monoxide poisoning, but the necessary medical assistance was not provided to him in time, he could be disabled. In particular, various pathological disorders occur in the brain, which is fraught with psychological and neurological disorders of an irreversible nature.
In addition, after a while, serious diseases may begin to develop, for example, Parkinson's disease, pathology in intellectual Development, paralysis. Also, this kind of poisoning of the body strongly affects the visual nerves - often in part or completely disappears.
Therefore, the sooner the victim is willing qualified helpThe smaller the serious effects of carbon monoxide poisoning he will receive. It is worth noting that this toxic gas acts less detachious to the female organism than on male.
After carbon monoxide poisoning, the patient needs a long course of treatment and rehabilitation. Even if there was a light degree of intoxication, several weeks must be observed from a specialist. Only with it will be provided with full and effective therapeutic therapy.
The main causes of carbon monoxide poisoning
All types of devices that work on the basis of fuel fuel are isolated during operation of ditching gas. And if these mechanisms are in defective state or damaged, not to avoid health problems.
The main danger represents:
- Car, if you leave it in a working condition in a closed room. The gas allocated to them will gradually fill out all the space.
- Various household heating devices with incorrect installation or operation.
- Buildings where chimney is defective, carbon monoxide does not pass through the mine and is stirred in residential premises.
- Household fires. Frequent cases of spot gas poisoning, if a person was in close proximity to the focus of fire.
- Grill on charcoal. In arbors and closed rooms, where the device is installed, harmful gas accumulates. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the grill of a good ventilation system.
- Scuba and others breathing apparatus. It is necessary to carefully ensure that they have a high-quality reserve of fresh air.
Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning
Symptoms of poisoning can manifest itself both instantly, immediately after interacting with carbon monoxide and for many months. In the latter case, we are talking about pathological changes that have occurred due to the ingress of the toxic substance in the body.
Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning can be somewhat different when intoxicating varying severity:
- Easy degree poisoning. The victim is tormented by vomiting, weakness in the body, the noise in the ears. This is the first reaction from the brain side, which is experiencing oxygen starvation.
- Medium degree poisoning. It is characterized by a short-term loss of memory, adamisia, trembling in muscles, impaired movements. A color blindness may appear, double vision. After a couple of hours after poisoning, disorders are possible in the operation of the respiratory system and blood circulation. Tachycardia occurs, heart failure, rapid pulse. The victim can lose consciousness that it will predetermine the fatal outcome in the absence of extraneous assistance.
- Heavy degree poisoning. With this form of intoxication, a person may be in a comatose state for a week. The victim has irreversible lesions of the brain, frequent seizures and convulsions occur, the patient does not control the processes of defecation and urination, hyperhydrosis is noted. In humans, ribbon breathing, elevated body temperature up to 38-39 degrees. Fully outcome is possible if the breathing paralysis arises. Doctors can make any survival predictions based on the duration and depth of the coma.
Features of the treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning
The victim must first take place on fresh air. In the building, you should arrange a good draft - open all windows and doors. After that, it is necessary to urgently cause an ambulance for the provision of qualified medical care.
First prefigible assistance in carbon monoxide poisoning
Before the arrival of doctors, it is necessary to carry out a set of measures to facilitate the state of the victim. Assist in the poisoning of carbon monoxide does not rush, without fuss.
It usually includes such procedures:
- Liberation of the respiratory tract of man. Place it on the side. Ensure the influx of fresh air.
- Activation of the respiratory process. It is necessary to stimulate the inflow of blood to the head. To do this, give the patient to sniff the ammonia, but should not bring the substance to the nose at a distance of less than 1 centimeter.
- Improving cerebral circulation. You can do this with the help of mustard chips or simple trituration of the chest and the back of the patient.
- After a person comes into consciousness, offer him tea or coffee. Hot drink will help bring the nervous system into the tone.
Remember! In any case, the patient should lie on the side so that there is no screaming of the language or stroke by the lots.
Medication therapy in carbon monoxide poisoning
Patients with an average and severe degree of poisoning are necessarily hospitalized. Ambulatory treatment is possible with a slight form of intoxication.
The main antidote in the treatment of such a type of intoxication is 100% oxygen. The required dose is 9-16 liters per minute. She enters the mask. If the patient is unconscious, they spend intubation and translate it to the artificial ventilation of the lungs.
In the treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning, infusion therapy is also used, which helps adjust hemodynamic disorders. The essence of such treatment is that the patient put a course of sodium bicarbonate droppers. Also, polyionic solutions are introduced intravenously - the quarters and chall.
To eliminate the symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning, acizol is also used. The drug accelerates the decomposition of harmful carboxygemoglobin, helps to saturate blood oxygen, reduces the effect of gas toxins on nerve cells and muscle tissues. Acizol is injected intramuscularly shortly after gas entering the body. The following injection is carried out in 60 minutes.
The victims also prescribe vitamins that will help the body to fill energy costs. Intravenously can assign a glucose solution.
Folk remedies for eliminating the effects of gas poisoning
Folk medicine will help get rid of the serious consequences of the body intoxication by carbon monoxide. But it is worth noting that such a treatment is recommended after the victim receive professional assistance and medication therapy.
Recipes of folk remedies:
- Cranberry infusion. It is necessary: \u200b\u200b150 grams of dried cranberries and 200 grams of lingonberry fruits. The ingredients are carefully rubbed. After they need to be pouring 350 milliliters boiling water. The decoction should be for 2-3 hours, then it must be strain. Therapeutic agent is used 5-6 times a day 2 tablespoons.
- Infusion of a breath. Helps to remove harmful toxins as soon as possible. Preparation: 3 tablespoons of crushed dry grass pour 0.5 liters of boiling water. Insist 3 hours, strain. Take 1 cup 3 times a day.
- Alcohol infusion of the extract of Rhodiola Pink. The tincture can be bought in any pharmacy kiosk. Recommended dosage: 7-12 drops of extract dissolve in a glass of water. Drink twice a day on the floor of a glass. You can drink infusion clean waterSweetened by a small amount of honey.
- Infusion of dandelion roots. This plant has excellent antitoxic effect. 10 grams of dry crushed raw materials pour 250 milliliters boiling water. Cook on low heat 20 minutes. Next, another 40 minutes to give the bravery. Strain, dilute with 100 milliliters warm boiled water. Drink 3-4 times a day on 1 tablespoon.
Prevention of carbon monoxide poisoning
The ignorance of symptoms of poisoning and the foundations of first aid often becomes the reason that intoxication ends with a fatal outcome. Therefore, every person should know what to do with carbon monoxide, as well as observe simple measures Prevention that avoid it.
The prevention rules are as follows:
- Before you start using, always check the health of the devices running on the fuel fuel. This will help to reveal the breakdown and keep health.
- Before the beginning heating season Be sure to check the chimneys, ventilation mines.
- If the room works badly ventilation system, always do it well. Immediately take measures to improve ventilation.
- Do not start the car in an unbelievable room.
- In no case do not fall asleep in the car head.
- Install a special sensor in the house that responds to carbon monoxide leakage.
- Try to spend as much time as possible on the busy tracks, where a large car accumulation, especially in the peak hours.
Carbon monoxide poisoning is easier and safer to prevent, observing uncomplicated prevention measures. Remember that even in the case of light intoxication, the doctor's consultation is obligatory! This will help to avoid serious complications, which threatens poisoning with this toxic gas.
Outside the window is cold and damp, the furnaces and fireplaces are drunk on the cottages. From traditional wood heating Many do not refuse so far: there is no gas for everyone, and electrical heaters are not too economical. And it is difficult, perhaps, to replace the living flame with something, which is so nice to warm up with autumn evenings.
But the oven or fireplace can ride the threat to the life and health of its master. And now it's not about the possibility of a fire. There is a danger of invisible, inconspicuous, insidious - carbon monoxide. The poisoning of this by-product of burning often leads to the death of people, so it will not be at all unnecessary to know how to prevent danger, and what to do if someone still suffered.
A little theory
Curmarket gas, or carbon monoxide, or carbon monoxide (CO), is often called a "silent killer." The main problem is that he nor neither color, no taste, no smell, it does not cause any sensations at all (until it becomes too late). It is impossible to detect "on the eyes", and for the victim, his presence remains unnoticed. It spreads the gas quickly, mixing with air without losing their poisoning properties.For a person, carbon monoxide - the strongest poison. Entering the body in respiration, it penetrates the lungs into the circulatory system, where it is connected to hemoglobin. As a result, the blood loses the ability to transfer and deliver oxygen to the tissues, and the body very quickly begins to experience its disadvantage. First of all, the brain suffers, but is possible defeat and other bodies - depending on the general state of health. According to the ancient proverb: "Where is fine, there and breaks."
By the way, it would be a mistake to think that the threat of poisoning exists only in homes with chimney heating. Carbon monoxide it is formed with incomplete combustion of any fuel. Gas, coal, firewood, gasoline and so on - does not matter. Different is only a risk.
In the "leaders" in terms of carbon monoxide allocated during combustion coal . For ambient The main source of pollution is considered cars. They are potentially dangerous for their owners - every year a lot of car enthusiasts die in own garages. Habit for working with an enabled (for heating) car engine plus no ventilation - and here you have a sad result ...
Finally, according to scientists, in cigarette smoke The concentration of CO exceeds the maximum permissible 8 times, so that lovers smoke in the room and those who turn out to be with them, also in the risk area - especially if the ventilation is bad.
Natural gas By itself, it is safe - but only if it is proper quality, the presence of good ventilation and the use of good equipment installed in all the rules. Cases of carbon monoxide poisoning in apartments where they are gas speakersAlas, fixed annually.
With the theory on this, we will finish and proceed to questions are purely practical: how to avoid poisoning and how to help the victim, if you failed to prevent the problem.
How to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning
Actually, the most people know about it. However, poisoning happens. So, we will repeat what someone may seem banal and well-known rules.1. Use only good equipment
Cracks in the oven masonry, clogged chimney and the like "little things" are able to lead to heavier consequences.2. Take care of good ventilation
In urban apartments, poisoning happens just during the offseason: central heating Not included, from damp and cold tenants are saved using gas stoves ... With insufficient ventilation, even such "safe" devices are sometimes caused by tragedies.In the country, hardly someone is heated from gas stovebut gas speakers in country houses - Not unusual. But in general good ventilation Need in any dwelling.
3. Do not close the furnace damper until the coals burned
That's it, it seems, everyone knows. Nevertheless ... I will give a case from real life.My colleague from the mother got a house in the village, and they and her husband went there for a weekend to deep autumn. We usually come on Friday - late in the evening, after work. Not to enter cold house, asked for a neighbor by this time the stove to prock. And once came, as usual, - warmth in the house; dinner, lay down ...
The colleague was told: woke up among the night from what he felt bad. Lucky: many fails to wake up - a significant part of carbon monoxide poisoning occurs in a dream. She grew up in the village, so I quickly realized what was what, the first thing I woke my husband and opened the door to ventilate the house. Released on the porch - breathe fresh air.
In the morning, the neighbor was asked. It turned out that she - although herself also rustic, lived all his life with chimney heating, "decided to close the flap to close early, so that Wheel was. From good motives. As they say, it happens on the old woman ... an excessive confirmation: no need to hope "on maybe" in such matters - maybe lucky, and maybe there is no ...
A colleague with her husband was separated by a headache for all day and jumped pressure. It can be considered a rare luck, especially if we consider that both are people in age, with a whole "collection" of diseases ... She says: "God saved," but not in vain reads folk wisdom: on God Nading, yes, you yourself are not a root ... Therefore, I repeat: do not rush to close the flap of the furnace. To the bathing stove, by the way, also applies to full.
4. car enthusiasts, do not start the engine in the garage for heating
Ventilation here often "lame" (see paragraph 2), and therefore you do not need to tempt fate. If you work in the garage in the cold season, use more secure heating devices than a car engine.That's all, actually ... Pravda - stick to these rules is quite simple? ..
Signs of carbon monoxide poisoning
Symptoms of poisoning may vary noticeably - depending on the degree of lesion, the overall condition of the organism, diseases and other circumstances. Nevertheless, you will certainly be alert symptoms as:- dizziness, headache
- nausea, vomiting
- noise in ears
- shortness of breath, cough
- temae's eyes.
The condition of the victim is more often excited, but in some cases, on the contrary, lethargy and drowsiness is observed. There may be a violation of the vestibular apparatus (loss of equilibrium, problems with coordination of movements), hearing disorders, vision. These symptoms may precede the loss of consciousness.
With poisoning medium gravity and heavy The problem in the work of the cardiovascular system is very likely. Arrhythmias arise (you will notice that the pulse became uneven, with interruptions); Blood pressure drops, the body temperature is reduced. IN similar situation Without timely medical care, the victim can die from the head of the heart or myocardial infarction.
First aid in charge of carbon monoxide
For easy poisoning (If it is limited to dizziness and nausea), it is usually enough to withdraw (or render) a person on fresh air. But as long as his condition does not come to normal, observe, fix any changes in order to help on time if necessary.For heavy poisoning And lesions middle severityAs a rule, hospitalization is needed. And in any case, you should not try to do without medical care - call "ambulance" without delay.
Why? FirstlyIn such cases it is difficult to predict how the situation will develop: sometimes the victim instantly dies from the heart stop; Clearness may begin or paralysis; It is very likely to oppress the breathing and other symptoms that require immediate qualified intervention.
Secondly, carbon monoxide poisoning is dangerous and the possibility of severe complications, including from the head of the brain, respiratory organs, cardiovascular system. In time and properly provided medical care is capable of preventing many of these complications.
The main task is waiting for a doctor - easy the state of the victimAs far as it is in your power.
- If the chill begins, the temperature drops, - weave warmer, drink sweet tea (if a person is conscious, of course).
- Arrange more comfortable (and preferably - in the fresh air or, at least, open window) to ease your breath.
- Calm, if scared or excited.
- Losing consciousness to put on the side and follow that his head did not throw on, especially if a vomiting suddenly arises.
Note: there is an antidote from carbon monoxide poisoning. This drug is called atzizol, produced in the form of capsules and in the form of a solution in ampoules (for intramuscular injections). Keep it in the country aid kit very desirable (albeit it is expensive, but life and health is more expensive). It is recommended for use, including as a prophylactic - If there is a threat of carbon monoxide poisoning. IN therapeutic purposes This antidote (that is, the antidote) should be taken as early as possible; It reduces the likelihood of complications and significantly reduces the impact of the poison on the body.
However, I hope you never have to take advantage of these recommendations. But it is better to meet a danger of all-arms - prepared and aware. And even better - to do everything to avoid such a meeting at all.