Hand tool for planting potatoes. DIY device for planting potatoes

My dad, who lived in the village all his life, was a real Kulibin. From an old meat grinder he made a device for cleaning corn cobs from grains, from a saw - a device for processing sorghum, and he also had an electric dryer made according to own project. But I still use another of his inventions - a “sword” device for planting potatoes. Or rather, with its help, holes are made where the sprouted tubers are dropped.

This “weapon” consists of a column (round in cross-section, 8-10 cm in diameter), sharpened at one end. Its length is selected according to the worker’s height - the column should be approximately chest-high. There are two crossbars on the post (see diagram): one of them is installed from the tip at a distance equal to the length of the shovel bayonet (it is pressed with the feet to plunge the “sword” into the ground), and the second is at the end (it is held with the hands).

After I prepare the tool, I get to work on the potato plot. I dig up the ground and level it with a rake. Then I pull the cord and use a “sword” to make holes at a distance of 40-50 cm from each other. I leave about the same amount between rows. I put potatoes with good strong sprouts in the holes and then rake them.

Would you say that we can do without the “sword”? But don't talk. There are several very important points. For example: since the depth of all holes is the same (this is another purpose of the lower crossbar on the “sword”), then all planting material is embedded at the same level. And therefore the shoots appear together.

In addition, this method makes the work much easier. In one day, our family of three, without overworking, plants 25-30 buckets of potatoes. And our neighbors (there are also three of them), until they began to act like us, spent 3-4 days on this matter, and then from fatigue
there were still as many lying in a layer!

True, when my mother-in-law saw me for the first time in the garden with a “sword,” she cried out loud: “Oh, they ruined all the potatoes! Let's go around the world! But when friendly shoots appeared, she rejoiced most of all.

By the way, there is one more advantage to this method: it is very easy to carry out the first weeding, because there are no large empty spaces in the beds, and, therefore, there is no risk of cutting down the potato sprouts that have not yet emerged. Now all the neighbors are armed with “swords” and constantly remember my daddy with great warmth, although it’s been 10 years since he’s been with us. And those tomboys for whom he repaired bicycles for free are now growing into idiots of their own.

Our thought.
You look at such a device and think: it seems like nonsense, nothing complicated, but the benefits are enormous. Most importantly, both energy and time are saved. And why couldn’t anyone think of this before? The most interesting thing is that many summer residents-inventors are embarrassed to boast about their “units”, they say, the neighbors will laugh.

Device for planting potatoes without a shovel

This material, which describes an original device for planting potatoes without a shovel, was taken from an old Soviet magazine. The method described by the inventor of this device is very interesting, but for some reason it was not widely used in its time. IN last years interest in various kinds innovation has grown sharply, so we are publishing this material in the hope that it will arouse interest among gardeners and gardeners and will be useful. Unfortunately, the author of this invention is unknown, if anyone recognizes the article and the author from the photo and description, please write to us.

Potato planter

Potatoes are planted special tool– seeder-planter. The planting technology using this device is as follows: a) by pressing the stop, the device is buried in the ground; b) a tuber is placed in the pipe; c) the handles of the seeder are closed and the tuber remains in the soil; d) the device is removed from the ground.

Design and diagram of a potato planter. The handles of the device are made of two steel pipes with a diameter of 22 mm. The working part (chutes) is made of a steel pipe cut in half with internal diameter 65 mm. The tip of the working part is a plate made of steel sheet 2 mm thick. A stop made of two tubes with a diameter of 22 mm. A hinge and hinges (M8 bolt) were also used.

To enlarge the photo, click on it.

Potato seeder without shovel

This potato seeder is interesting, like the one described above, in that the entire process occurs in one pass, the earth is not trampled down again. And for gardeners who adhere to the rule of preserving the natural flora of the soil, this potato planter is just a godsend.

Two more devices with the same logic for sowing potatoes without a shovel are here and here.

Device for manual planting of potatoes

Even rows of potato bushes look much more beautiful, expressing order and creating convenience for hilling manually or using a motor cultivator. Boring routine work using special tools for manual landing Potato farming can turn into an exciting and enjoyable activity, and making the appropriate tool into technical creativity.

Check out two similar potato planting devices, both of which are fairly easy to make. At the same time, it will serve you more than once and will be useful, especially for significant periods. landing areas. Buy a lot of things for the garden in this Chinese store.

First utility model made of a square pipe 25x25 mm, and to make the tool lighter, side sections of arbitrary length can be lightened by attaching pieces of pipes with a diameter of 20x20. Three markers (cones) made from sheet steel. Manufacturing details in the second video, but first see how using this interesting hand tools holes are marked for seed potatoes. I must admit, the idea of marking and at the same time creating planting holes is a good one.

IN next video shows a drawing of a marker for potatoes and necessary explanations to him.

Next is another device, easier to manufacture, but also less productive; the poker is also suitable for large vegetable gardens, and for small garden plots. With this innovative tool, the rows are very even and neat. Watch starting at minute 0.37.

There are many different designs, both homemade and mass-produced. Either with manual drive, or in the form of trailed units. We will not delve into this option - it is sufficiently described on the Internet.3.

How to make a hand plow

The hand plow will become homemade machine for planting, hilling, loosening the soil. It can be operated by two people. It takes effort to make a plow.

For production you will need:

Meter-long hollow pipe with a diameter of 2.5 cm.
Hollow pipe with a diameter of ¾ inch.
Metal sheet 2 mm thick.
A metal plate with holes or a lanyard.
Gas-burner.
Bulgarian.
Welding machine.

The large pipe is bent, departing from the beginning by 30 centimeters. To facilitate this procedure, you can use a pipe bender. Use blowtorch, if there is no pipe bender.

The small pipe needs to be bent. To adjust the height, you need to make holes in the vertical rack and on the top edge. The height of the stand is made individually so that the person who will hold the plow will be comfortable. It can be adjusted with bolts.

The vertical part at the ends is made flat. Its height is about 60 cm. A lanyard is placed between the rod and the stand to be able to adjust the angle of attack. The angle is attached below. More details in the video:

Marker for planting potatoes: purpose, types and designs

Planting potatoes is a labor-intensive task. To make work easier, craftsmen are constantly coming up with new devices that can be used to short term and without extra effort cope with the sowing season. A marker for planting potatoes is a device designed to facilitate manual labor and make the beds straight, with evenly distributed holes for tubers. Potatoes planted under a marker are easy to process later attachments for mini tractors, walk-behind tractors, hand and mechanized cultivators.

Available for sale finished goods, but the advantage of a homemade marker is that the distance between the nearest stakes (cones or plows) to form holes or grooves for planting material will exactly coincide with the distance between the wheels of your walk-behind tractor or mini tractor.

Types of markers for planting potatoes

Markers can be both very simple and quite complex. These devices are often made from scrap materials. Some people found wooden stakes and strong boards, while others used profile or round ones. steel pipes. It doesn’t matter what the tool handle or frame is made of, only the distances between the elements that punch holes are important.

The simplest marker

It is a wooden stake about 90 cm high and approximately 60–70 mm in diameter. The crossbar, attached at a height of 150 mm from the tip, serves as a stop that limits the depth of the hole. To work with such a tool, you need to mark the locations of future holes using cords: they are pulled along rows at a certain distance from each other (40, 50, 60, 70 or 80 cm).

The distance between the cords depends on whether weeding and hilling is planned manually or using a walk-behind tractor. The gap between the bushes is chosen in the range of 25–30 cm, depending on the size planting material and on how powerful the stems are characteristic of a given variety.

Marker for planting potatoes using the Mittlider system

A more complex marker model is presented in Fig. 1. This device is made from 1/2″ metal pipe (with an outer diameter of 21 mm). A cylinder with a conical end (hereinafter referred to as a cone), punching holes, is made of a pipe with a diameter of 55 or 65 mm and welded to the frame. A pipe pin (Ø 21 mm) is designed to mark the next hole at a distance of approximately 29 cm from the previous one.

Planting and caring for potatoes is a difficult and tedious process. Typically, the areas allocated for potatoes are quite large, so planting, hilling and harvesting potatoes requires a lot of time and effort. And, of course, this process needs to be automated. There are many devices that make the life of a gardener easier. These include both mechanized devices and manual equipment. There are plenty to choose from, given the area of the plot and financial capabilities.

Cultivators for planting potatoes

Devices for cultivating land are called cultivators. The cultivator can loosen the soil, plow the ground, remove weeds, apply fertilizers, plant, and hill up.

Motorized equipment used on personal plots and farms is divided into three types: motorized cultivators and mini-tractors.

They differ in power and scope of functions. Motor cultivators are divided into classes depending on weight. Mechanisms up to 30 kg belong to the first class and are designed to work on non-volatile equipment. large areas

. Motor cultivators up to 60 kg belong to the second class and work over large areas. Units up to 100 kg belong to the third class. For work on personal plots, second-class cultivators are purchased, and attachments are purchased separately.

Table: comparison of motor vehicles

Photo gallery: types of cultivators A motor cultivator is lighter and more maneuverable than a walk-behind tractor and is used in small areas The walk-behind tractor has drive wheels, the most popular equipment among summer residents. The mini-tractor can work over large areas, is easy to use, chief assistant

farmer

For all types of cultivators there is a set of attachments for performing various tasks. Hillers are used to hill up potatoes and create a furrow during planting. A potato digger makes harvesting potatoes easier. Mounted mowers are used to mow the grass. A potato planter will help when planting potatoes. Pumps are used for watering land plots. They plow with a plow large plots

land.

The hedgehog device consists of two parts, each of which is a set of disks fastened together at a certain distance different sizes with spikes. These two disc structures are connected to each other in such a way that they form an angle. The presence of an angle allows you to form an earthen ridge when moving the cultivator.

When processing beds, structures made of either one hedgehog or several, fastened together by a frame, are used.

Photo gallery: varieties of hedgehogs for weeding potatoes

The main function of hedgehogs is weeding, loosening, and hilling potato plantings. Two weeks after planting, when there are no potato shoots yet, it is recommended to carry out pre-emergence treatment of the field with hedgehogs. The hedgehog removes weeds with roots and loosens the soil. After such treatment, the growth of the root system is enhanced.

Hillers for planting

Hiller is a device for a cultivator designed for planting and hilling potatoes. This device can be single-row, double-row, three-row, or have more than three rows. The greater the number of rows, the higher the productivity of the cultivator. Technique for using hillers with big amount the rows should be more powerful.

Photo gallery: varieties of hillers

Single-row hiller for motor-cultivator Double-row hiller for walk-behind tractor Three-row hiller for mini-tractor

Models of hillers come with a fixed or variable working width. With a fixed working width, potatoes are planted with a width between rows of at least 70 cm for ease of hilling. If the hiller adjusts the working width, then the row spacing can be any width.
The technology for using a two-row hiller when planting potatoes involves using a marker for marking. The hiller is installed at the marking and the furrows begin to be cut. After turning, one hiller can be lowered into the cut furrow, or you can continue cutting furrows along the marked lines. After cutting the furrows, planting of potatoes begins. The tubers are placed in furrows at a distance of 35–40 centimeters, then the furrows are filled with earth.

Mini planters

The mounted potato planter consists of several blocks:

a small plow for cutting furrows;
potato compartment;
special hillers for filling potatoes with soil.

Just like hedgehogs and hillers, potato planters can be uniform and multi-row. The use of one or another modification depends on the power of the equipment and the composition of the soil.

Photo gallery: varieties of potato planters

Single-row potato planter for a motor-cultivator or walk-behind tractor Double-row potato planter for a walk-behind tractor A four-row potato planter is capable of planting potatoes on an area of 2 hectares in one hour of operation

To perform landing, you need to replace the rubber wheels with lug wheels. When a potato planter passes through a plot, all operations are performed simultaneously: grooves are made, tubers are laid, tubers are covered with soil. Simultaneously with planting potatoes, you can apply fertilizer if you use an additional device.

Planting with a mini tractor

The mini-tractor is used in areas with any terrain.
Of course, such a technique is not suitable for a small area; there is nowhere to turn around. Such a mechanism must be purchased if the area of the plot is more than 50 acres. Mini-tractors are divided into light (power up to 14 hp), medium and heavy (up to 35–45 hp). Using a mini-tractor you can perform the following work:

plow;
plant;
cultivate;
apply fertilizers;
mow the grass;
clear the area of debris;
remove snow;
fill up holes and trenches.

For planting using a mini tractor, it is preferable to use a potato planter. The hiller is not suitable in this case, because the width of the furrows differs from the tractor track width, and during subsequent hilling the tracks will not match. Experienced farmers use an unusual technique. For the first pass, only two hiller bodies are used, placing them at a distance of 30 cm from the middle of the wheels. Lay out the potatoes. Then they add a third hiller, walk along the first track and bury the potatoes.

Devices for planting potatoes manually

Among hand tools can be distinguished hand plow, markers and a hand cultivator.

Very convenient device- plow “Vyatka plowman”. Planting potatoes is done in this way. Furrow No. 1 is dug and tubers are laid out in it. They begin to dig a second furrow, while burying the first. Furrow No. 2 is used for laying fertilizers. When digging the third furrow, the second one is filled with earth. Tubers are again placed in furrow No. 3. And the whole procedure is repeated. The row spacing for this planting is 60 cm.

The instrument is height adjustable.

Another device for planting potatoes is a marker. Very useful and convenient thing. The material from which the marker is made is high-quality steel. The width between the cones can vary from 10 to 50 cm.

Hand cultivators are available for sale. By using hand cultivator“Digger (6 in 1)” can perform several types of work:

planting and hilling root crops;
loosen, weed and trim weeds;
sow seeds of almost all agricultural crops;
loosen the crusts on the surface of the ridge before planting.

Homemade equipment for planting and hilling potatoes, diagrams

Range homemade equipment for processing potatoes is huge. And although there are many devices on sale that can be used to plant and hill up potatoes, craftsmen are constantly creating new devices to make the work easier and faster during the sowing season.

The simplest device is a marker. Its purpose is to mark the ridges in such a way as to make the plantings even and suitable for subsequent processing with motor cultivators. For homemade markers, the distance between the cones coincides with the track dimensions of the existing equipment that will subsequently be used to process the plantings. Homemade markers can be simple or complex, made of wood or metal. The main thing here is how far apart the cones that punch the holes are located.

DIY markers for planting potatoes

Markers differ from each other in the number of cones for punching holes.

Single hole marker

The simplest marker is a wooden stake about 90 cm high and 60–70 mm in diameter. A crossbar is fixed perpendicularly at a distance of 15 cm from the tip. This is a stop to limit the depth of the hole. The locations of the holes are marked using cords.

Three hole marker

The three-hole marker consists of a frame and three cones. The distance between the cones is 450 mm. The cones are attached to the bottom bar of the frame with bolts that allow you to adjust the depth of the pits. Materials used:

profile pipe 25x25x2 mm;
aluminum or dense wood for cones;
M8 bolts 40–80 mm long.

Marker with adjustable distance between holes

The distance between the holes depends on how the marker pins are extended.

To make a marker with an adjustable distance between holes, you will need the following materials:

water and gas pipe with a diameter of 60 mm, a wall thickness of 3 mm, a length of 565 mm for the load-bearing beam;
steel sheet 1.5 mm thick for conical elements;
pipe 60x3 mm, 100 mm long for a cylindrical body;
pipe 21x2.5 mm, 250 mm long for marker;
pipe 21x2.5 mm, 330 mm long for a retractable bracket for a marker;
pipe 27x3 mm, 65 mm long for the guide sleeve;
bolt M8x40 (fixing) – 3 pcs.;
nut M8 (welded) 3 pcs.;
pipe 27x3 mm, 120 mm long for the stand bushing;
pipe 21x2.5 mm, 1500 mm long for a two-piece welded stand;
bolt M10x20 (clamping) – 1 pc.;
pipe 54x2.5 mm, length - 560 mm for a retractable bracket;
plug - 2 pcs.

The procedure for making a marker.

Make elements for punching holes. Weld together the cylinders and conical tips (2 and 3).
TO load-bearing beam weld a bushing for the stand (10), a nut (8), two guide bushings for the brackets (6) and two elements for punching holes.
Weld two markers to the brackets (5).
Weld the third marker to the retractable bracket (12), fix it at a distance of 50 cm from the outer cone.
Screw the bolts into the nuts (8).
Insert the stand (9) into the bushing (10) and secure it with the clamping bolt (11).
Weld the plugs to the handles (13).

Photo gallery: types of markers for planting potatoes

DIY shovel-harvester

Another device is a shovel-harvester. It's designed this way. Two triangle-shaped shovels are attached to the handles. When closed, the shovels resemble a beak. The shovel goes deeper into the ground by pressing the “beak”, the handles are brought together, the shovels open underground, and a tuber is thrown into the resulting hole. Then the shovel is removed from the ground without covering it. The tuber remains in the garden.

Photo gallery: shovel-harvester

Drawing of a shovel-harvester. A shovel-harvester is a simple device for planting potatoes.

Do-it-yourself potato planter for walk-behind tractor

People's engineers even make accessories for motor cultivators with their own hands. Many authors who published descriptions of their homemade potato planters used drawings of factory-made units. The principle of operation of the mechanism is that when a mini-tractor or walk-behind tractor moves, the wheels of the unit spin, and the axle with the drive sprocket rotates. Above the leading star is a small star. The stars are connected by a chain. Cups are welded onto the chain for removing potatoes from the hopper.

Factory potato planter (assembly drawing): 1 - counterweight; 2 - unit; 3 - bracket; 4 - tensioner; 5 - conveyor; 6 - hopper; 7, 9, 16, 23, 24 - bolt; 8 - stand; 10 - sector;11 - disk;12 - ridge height;13 - planting pitch;14 - furrower;15 - planting depth;17 - hitch;18 - track width;19 - bracket;20 - drive drum shaft;21 - conveyor; 22 - angle of attack

The frame for a homemade potato planter is assembled from channels. A hopper made of plywood or metal is installed on the frame; the hopper is equipped with a feed elevator. The elevator is assembled from special cups. The cups are attached to the chain at a distance of 270 mm and move with the chain.

Photo gallery: device for feeding elevator in potato planter

Soviet tank washing machine;

gear;

chain;

fittings;

steel wire;

channel;

wheels.

What tools will you need:

welding machine;
Bulgarian;
drill;
hammer;
a set of keys;
screwdriver;
wire cutters

Work order:

Cut the corners and channel to size.
Weld the structure.
Attach the axle with gear to the frame.
Make scoop cups.
Secure the cups to the chain.
Weld vertical rods to the frame.
Place the wheels on the axle and tighten the chain.
Install a potato bin.

Photo gallery: stages of making a potato planter

Do-it-yourself hedgehogs for weeding potatoes

Some farmers make their own hedgehogs for hilling potatoes. According to the operating principle homemade hedgehogs no different from factory ones. To make hedgehogs you will need materials:

steel sheet 4 mm;
steel strip 20 mm wide and 4 mm thick;
a metal rod 8 mm thick in diameter and 100 to 140 mm long;
inch pipe;
metal rod with a diameter of 20 mm;
steel strip 70 mm wide and 4 mm thick, 200 mm long.

To make hedgehogs you will need the following tools:

welding machine;
gas cutter for metal;
corner Sander(Bulgarian);
set of locksmith tools.

Procedure for making hedgehogs.

Cut two rings from a sheet of metal using a cutting torch. The outer diameter of the rings is 300 mm, the inner diameter is 200 mm.
In a circle with a diameter of 200 mm, which remains from a large ring, cut holes with a diameter of 100 mm.
Cut out a third pair of disks with a diameter of 100 mm, in which holes for the pipe are cut in the center. The hole should be 1 cm larger than the diameter of the pipe.
Cut 24 strips of at least 90 mm length from the steel strip.
Of these, 16 will be needed to connect two pairs of large and medium disks, 8 (4 for each cone) - for medium and small ones.
Connect large and medium rings with jumpers (8 pieces for each cone), this should be done according to the marks made in advance. First, draw two diameters perpendicular to each other, then, turning the ruler 45º, draw two more lines at right angles. On small drives, 4 jumpers are enough.
Cut 80–90 pins 120 mm long from a rod with a diameter of at least 8 mm. Sharpen the pins on both sides at an angle of 45º. Remove sharp, uneven edges and burrs with a grinder.
Weld 15 spikes onto large rings, 10 spikes onto medium rings, and 5 spikes onto small rings.
Bend the bracket on which the axle will be attached. Weld the bracket or make 2 holes in it for bolted connections.
Assemble the device: the large rings will be on the inside, and the small disks on the outside. The distance between the large ring and the small disk should not exceed 170 mm. Insert the ends of the axles into the holes of the brackets. The axles can be secured in the holes using nuts (if the axle is threaded) or by welding.
Clean out all uneven surfaces and paint the structure.

There are many devices for planting and hilling potatoes. The choice depends on the area of the treated area. Many devices can be made independently. Each vegetable grower chooses the best option for him.

Before you find out what The best way planting potatoes, you need to familiarize yourself with general rules and recommendations. So, when planting root crops, you should take into account climate zone and soil type. The main recommendation here is the following: the heavier the soil and the colder the climate, the shallower the potato planting depth should be. For example, when working with chernozem, the depth should be about 15 cm, on loams - about 8-10 cm.

Potatoes have high requirements to lighting, and therefore the beds should be located in the north-south direction.
You should not add fresh manure to the soil - root crops respond best to mineral supplements.

Now you can move on to existing methods landings - you yourself have to decide which one suits you best.

Methods of planting potatoes - what to choose?

There are various methods of planting potatoes, each of which has its own characteristics. Before choosing, check out the most well-known methods.

Using black film. This option is considered quite easy, since you don’t have to dig up the garden - just loosen the soil by 7-10 cm, immediately adding fertilizer to the soil. We lay black film or dark non-woven material on the dug bed. We secure the edges of the material, and make small cuts on the film for planting root crops. After this, we plant the potatoes using a scoop: carefully make small holes in the ground through the holes and place the tubers there, sprinkling them with soil on top. The advantages of this method are that the film, which does not allow sunlight to pass through, creates the microclimate necessary for potatoes. In addition, the material does not allow weeds to develop, and there is no need to loosen the soil. Thus, all you have to do is deal with pests. Gardeners who chose this method, usually harvest about a month earlier.
Using straw. We plant potato tubers in pre-loosened and moist soil. In this case, the planting should be shallow - about 5-7 cm, and lay a layer of straw about 15 cm on top. After the shoots appear for the first time, increase the layer of material to 25 cm. The main thing is to lay the straw so as not to crush the plants. It is important to follow a few basic rules here. So, for example, the layer of material should not be too thick immediately after planting root crops, otherwise this will lead to the fact that the soil simply will not warm up. The ease of harvesting in this case is also pleasing - carefully lift the straw and take out the tubers. The only negative is that mice can grow in the straw, which means you will need to think about how to get rid of them: install mousetraps or use mouse poison.
Use of barrels. This method landing is suitable for those who are limited in space. To do this, you will need any barrel - plastic, iron or wood. It is advisable to prepare a container without a bottom or make several holes. We lay soil up to 20 cm thick at the bottom of the barrel and put 7-10 sprouted potatoes there. When the sprouts have sprouted a little, compost is placed in the barrel: the barrel needs to be filled two-thirds full. Water your potatoes as needed, checking the soil. Do not forget about the need for fertilizing - it is better to use ash.
Square-cluster method of planting potatoes. To do this, divide the garden into several squares and make a hole in each of them. The nests should be located about half a meter from each other. Before planting root crops, fertilize the soil thoroughly by adding a bucket of humus to each of the dug nests.. During the season you need to carry out approximately three hillings. Water the garden bed only with water that has been previously heated in the sun.

As you can see, there are different ways planting potatoes - choose the appropriate one, focusing on your strength and time that you can spend on planting. So that planting potatoes and caring for them becomes a pleasant job for you, and not a boring necessity.

Summer residents know how tedious it is to plant by hand. large plot tubers, while trying to keep the rows even. To help gardeners, industrialists have long begun to produce various equipment that facilitates the planting process. Although you can make any such device for planting potatoes with your own hands.

Hand Tools Overview

Now, indeed, it will be easier to plant potatoes using original devices, and in this case a shovel will no longer be needed. The tools that replace the spade not only make the process easier - thanks to them, the rows are perfectly even.

The plantation looks neat, and it is more convenient to hill up the bushes. Each of the proposed devices allows you to maintain the planting pattern, so potato harvesting will actually be carried out using a mechanized method.

The device can be bought in a store or ordered online, but it is cheaper to make it yourself. No special material is required here - improvised means will do. The drawings of homemade tools are simple, so even a person without skills can make them.

Planting potatoes without a shovel

Which of the summer residents has at least once seen this device in action and is interested in how to make a marker for planting potatoes with your own hands. Craftsmen invented several types of convenient devices. It is suggested to use metal pipes, wooden stakes or a durable board as the material.

Simple model

Making the tool is not difficult - just take a stake with a diameter of 6-7 cm and a height of 0.9 m. The depth of the hole under the tuber will be limited by a support made of a rod, fixed horizontally at a height of 15 cm from the tip.

Mittlider device

This model is a little more complicated than the previous one. The frame is made from a metal pipe with a diameter of 2.1 cm. A cone with a diameter of 5.5 or 6.5 cm is welded to it, allowing you to make indentations of about 25 cm. From the support leg to the marker 30 cm - this will be the distance between the holes.

Device for 3 holes

With this tool, planting potatoes will go faster, since 3 markers are already attached to one frame. To prevent the device from being heavy, it is recommended to use lightweight steel pipes for its manufacture (these are usually used in gas and water pipelines). Aluminum and strong wood (oak, acacia) are suitable for cones.

The following drawing (fig. below) will give a visual idea of the design. All sizes are indicated on it.

3 hole marker

To homemade instrument turned out to be reliable, you need to follow the given algorithm during manufacturing:

a long pipe is bent into a “P” shape and welded to a horizontal cross member;
in the upper part of the cones a thread is cut in the center;
in the pipe on which the markers will be attached, through holes with a diameter of 9 mm are drilled in the center and along the edges;
Cones are attached to the frame using bolts;
Plugs are put on the ends of the pipe.

Using bolts, you can adjust the height of the markers, depending on the required depth of the holes.

On a note. The drawing of the 3-cone fixture gives approximate dimensions for the height of the frame. Each summer resident determines this parameter according to his height. To make the device last longer, the metal parts are coated with a corrosion inhibitor. Wooden elements should be dried and varnished, then the earth will not stick to them.

A scriber will help you get perfectly even rows when planting potatoes. This is the most primitive device that can be easily made in an hour and a half. To create the structure you will need 2 pointed wooden stakes, 10 cm in diameter and a length suitable for your height. For ease of work, handles should be placed on the upper edges of the beams.

The stakes are connected by crossbars made of strong boards 1.5 m long. The gap between the stakes should correspond to the row spacing. If it is implied manual processing plot with planted potatoes, up to 50-55 cm is enough. When using a cultivator to care for a plantation, the distance is increased to 0.60 m. If the work is carried out with a moto-tractor, then it is better to maintain a gap of about 0.75 m.

A vertical rail is attached to the protruding part of the lower crossbar at the same distance from the stake - this will be the starting reference point. The lower horizontal bar itself should be located at a height of 10-15 cm from the tip of the stakes (under the depth of the holes).

Simplified version of the scriber

Planting plow

A hand plow will help you plant potatoes without a shovel. To make it yourself, you will have to put in some effort. But they are worth spending, since the device turns out to be universal - the plow is used not only for planting potato beds, but also for subsequent hilling of bushes and loosening row spacing.

Since hollow pipes and sheet metal, you will need welding equipment, a gas torch or blowtorch, and a grinder.

To create a universal method of planting potatoes, follow this algorithm:

a meter pipe with a diameter of 2.5 cm is filled with sand and closed with plugs;
bend at an angle of 10-15 degrees at a distance of 30 cm from the edge, using a blowtorch; a stand is obtained, indicated in the drawing by position 3;
Having removed the plugs, pour out sand (it is only necessary for neat bending of the pipe);
a double-blade working element with a trimming knife is formed from pieces of metal and secured from the bottom of the rack with bolts, for which holes are pre-drilled in the pipe;
control handle 4 is inserted into the pipe from above and secured with bolt 12; there should be several holes on the handle to create a telescopic retractable system;
the front link 5 is shaped as shown in the drawing and welded to the rack; positions 9, 10 indicate the presence of a horny handle;
Using brackets 7 and 8, a lanyard 6 is attached to the rod and riser, allowing you to adjust the level of attack of the knife.

Manual plow with traction

For ease of control of the plow, a strong neck-axillary tape can be attached to the base of the draft handles (position 11). It will allow the lead worker to evenly distribute his efforts when walking with the plow across the site.

How to use the devices

The devices described above make the planting process easier and faster, but you need to get the hang of using the tools. To keep things moving, it is recommended to do the work with a partner.

How to manage markers

It doesn’t matter what type of device will be used, the principle of operation is the same. To begin with, mark the first row with twine and make indentations in the ground parallel to it with a marker, applying some force to this. Moving along the twine, one worker forms holes, followed by placing sprouted tubers in them.

Using a 3-cone marker, planting can be done in a short time. The next rows are designed based on the nearest planted one. If the area is small, then the holes are marked in a checkerboard pattern for ease of subsequent processing.

Planting with a scriber

How simple the design of this device is, so simple are the actions of the farmer when using it. Even a large potato plot can be easily planted within a couple of hours, following these instructions:

holding the tool with both hands, set a reference point (side rail) at the beginning of the section;
press with your foot on the lower crossbar so that the stakes penetrate the soil to the required depth;
After moving the instrument back and forth for a few seconds, expand the hole to the required size.

Having passed through the site in one direction in this way, you get 3 ridges of holes: 2 from stakes and another from a vertical rail. Turning to opposite direction, the scriber is placed as a guide in the hole of the last ridge. While the sower fills the first 2 rows with potatoes, his partner continues marking the rows with a scriber, walking towards him.

Planting under the plow

Despite the fact that the manufacture of this structure will take some time, the planting of tuber crops itself will be easier compared to a situation where you would have to work with a shovel. True, in this embodiment, a trench is formed into which the potatoes are placed by a third person (two people operate the plow).

It will be difficult to maintain an even distance, but the row will turn out even if you focus on the stretched twine. Before you start plowing, the tool must be configured:

by rotating the lanyard nut in one direction or the other, set the desired angle of attack of the knife;
use a bolt to adjust the height of the control column handle to suit your height;
The neck-axillary belt is adjusted to the figure of the partner walking in front.

The traction force in the process is provided by the actions of the person pulling the plow. It is on him that the belt is worn. Its main task is to maintain a constant angle of attack. The person walking behind, controlling the stand, pushes the device forward.

As a result, the knife easily cuts into the ground, the dumps throw the soil to the sides, creating a neat trench for planting. If the wings are adjusted correctly, the shifted soil will partially fill the previous groove in which the tubers are already laid.

Preparing the site for planting

The design of this device is so convenient to use that it can be operated by 2 people with different builds and different heights. Using a plow throughout the season will ensure convenient cultivation of potatoes on a large plantation.

But even more simple devices, described above, significantly increase the productivity of planting potato tubers, allowing sowers to work harmoniously.

DIY device for planting potatoes

Planting potatoes - routine spring work. If you have a small plot of land and a couple of acres of land for potatoes, planting by hand will not take much time and effort. But it is difficult to plant several hectares with potatoes, and making even and beautiful rows is even more difficult. What to do? If you are at least a little familiar with tools, you can make a device for planting potatoes with your own hands.

Homemade devices: types

Folk homemade craftsmen have come up with many mechanisms that will help plant potatoes. The most common are:

A simple marker.
Mittlider marker.
Improved marker.
Potato planter.
Hand plow.

We'll tell you how to make them yourself.

How to make a simple marker

Making a simple marker is easy. Enough to have on hand regular board and wooden pegs.

A marker for planting potatoes is a wooden stake with a diameter of about 65 mm. The height of the stake must be at least 90 centimeters. A transverse strip is attached at a height of about 15 cm from the sharp edge. It will serve as a stop that limits the depth of the hole.

Before planting with this tool, you must first mark the locations of the holes using a rope. The ropes are pulled along the rows at a distance of 40-80 cm from each other. Everyone sets the distance independently; it depends on whether the hilling will be carried out with a walk-behind tractor or manually. A gap of about 25 centimeters is left between the bushes, plus or minus five centimeters, depending on the size of the potatoes being planted and the variety.

Why homemade device Is it better than a purchased device? In the marker you can set the exact distance, which will be equal to the distance between the wheels of the cultivator or tractor.

Marker for planting potatoes using the Mittlider system

The American agronomist Mittlider invented his own method of planting potatoes. According to his method, the vegetable garden should be divided into planting beds up to nine meters long. The width of the beds is 45 centimeters. There is a distance of about 100 cm between them. The narrow beds method allows you to water and fertilize only the soil on them.

To plant potatoes using this method, you need to do more complex device. In order to understand the principle of this device, you need to look at the diagram.

To make a marker for planting potatoes with your own hands, you will need a metal pipe with a diameter of 21 mm; it is used to mark holes. Thus, the holes are obtained at a distance of 29 cm from each other. Another pipe with a diameter of 55 (65) mm is welded to the frame, from which a cone is formed that will punch holes.

Before planting, first stretch the cords along the beds. The frame is placed parallel to the stretched lines, starting to plant the first row, it is pressed into the ground. The marking pin will mark the hole; you need to stick a cone there. Do this until the end of the row. On another row, holes are made in a checkerboard pattern.

Using this device, you can grow a decent harvest even in a small area.

Improved three hole marker

Using three cones and metal pipes, you can make a device that will allow you to make three holes at once. It is necessary to take a steel pipe D 32 mm. Steel is easy to weld, although you can use a duralumin pipe.

Cones are made from high-strength wood, such as oak or acacia, but preferably aluminum.

The cones are screwed to the bottom crossbar with long bolts. The depth of the hole depends on the length of the bolts. The longer the fixing bolts are, the deeper the hole will be. Make a distance of 45 cm between the cones.

DIY potato planter

The most simple device A potato planter can be used for planting potatoes. Any man can make a potato planter after spending a couple of hours. You will need to take two boards 1.5 meters long, as well as two stakes with a diameter of 10 cm.

Pegs are made from thick spruce branches. They are processed, sharpened, and made into handles. Wooden transverse strips are nailed to them. Make a distance of about 60-65 centimeters between the stakes if the planting will subsequently be cultivated with a cultivator or mini-tractor. The distance should be no more than 55 cm if the processing is manual.

The bottom board should be with a reserve; a note is made on it using a narrow strip at the same distance as the stakes. It will help determine the beginning of the holes.

How to use this device? Place the device on the ground, holding it by the handles in front of you. Press down to make holes. You immediately get two ridges of holes, the third will become a note, they follow it in the opposite direction. The second person will follow the marker and plant the potatoes.

How to make a hand plow

A hand plow will become a homemade machine for planting, hilling, and loosening the soil. It can be operated by two people. It takes effort to make a plow.

For production you will need:

Meter-long hollow pipe with a diameter of 2.5 cm.
Hollow pipe with a diameter of ¾ inch.
Metal sheet 2 mm thick.
A metal plate with holes or a lanyard.
Gas-burner.
Bulgarian.
Welding machine.

The large pipe is bent, departing from the beginning by 30 centimeters. To facilitate this procedure, you can use a pipe bender. Use a blowtorch if there is no pipe bender.

The small pipe needs to be bent. To adjust the height, you need to make holes on the vertical post and on the top edge. The height of the stand is made individually so that the person who will hold the plow will be comfortable. It can be adjusted with bolts.

How to make work easier and faster when planting potatoes using a cultivator

Cultivators for planting potatoes

Devices for cultivating land are called cultivators. The cultivator can loosen the soil, plow the ground, remove weeds, apply fertilizers, plant, and hill up.

Motorized equipment used on personal plots and farms is divided into three types: motor-cultivators, motor-blocks, and mini-tractors.

Motor cultivators are divided into classes depending on weight. Mechanisms up to 30 kg belong to the first class and are designed to work in small areas. Motor cultivators up to 60 kg belong to the second class and work over large areas. Units up to 100 kg belong to the third class. For work on personal plots, second-class cultivators are purchased, and attachments are purchased separately.

Table: comparison of motor vehicles

Photo gallery: types of cultivators

farmer

Hillers are used to hill up potatoes and create a furrow during planting. A potato digger makes harvesting potatoes easier. Mounted mowers are used to mow the grass. A potato planter will help when planting potatoes. Pumps are used for watering land plots. Large areas of land are plowed with a plow.

Hedgehogs for planting, equipment features

The hedgehog device consists of two parts, each of which is a set of disks of different sizes with spikes fastened together at a certain distance. These two disc structures are connected to each other in such a way that they form an angle. The presence of an angle allows you to form an earthen ridge when moving the cultivator.

When processing beds, structures made of either one hedgehog or several, fastened together by a frame, are used.

Photo gallery: varieties of hedgehogs for weeding potatoes

Hillers for planting

Hiller is a device for a cultivator designed for planting and hilling potatoes. This device can be single-row, double-row, three-row, or have more than three rows. The greater the number of rows, the higher the productivity of the cultivator. The technique for using hillers with a large number of rows must be more powerful.

Photo gallery: varieties of hillers

Mini planters

The mounted potato planter consists of several blocks:

a small plow for cutting furrows;
potato compartment;
special hillers for filling potatoes with soil.

Just like hedgehogs and hillers, potato planters can be uniform and multi-row. The use of one or another modification depends on the power of the equipment and the composition of the soil.

Photo gallery: varieties of potato planters

Planting with a mini tractor

plow;
plant;
cultivate;
apply fertilizers;
mow the grass;
clear the area of debris;
remove snow;
fill up holes and trenches.

Devices for planting potatoes manually

Hand tools include a hand plow, markers and a hand cultivator.

A very convenient device is the Vyatsky Plowman plow. Planting potatoes is done in this way. Furrow No. 1 is dug and tubers are laid out in it. They begin to dig a second furrow, while burying the first. Furrow No. 2 is used for laying fertilizers. When digging the third furrow, the second one is filled with earth. Tubers are again placed in furrow No. 3. And the whole procedure is repeated. The row spacing for this planting is 60 cm.

Potatoes are one of most people's favorite root vegetables. And therefore it is not surprising that on almost every personal plot you can see his landing. But the areas of these plantings are very different. For some - small garden bed, while others have an entire plantation. And this is due not only to differences in the size of summer cottages. An important role in this issue the method of landing plays a role. Doing this by hand is difficult and tedious. But technology will greatly facilitate this process. A special device for planting potatoes with your own hands can be aggregated, for example, with a walk-behind tractor or mini tractor. Or it can be used as a separate unit. Let's consider several similar options.

Preparing for work

Before you start making devices for planting potatoes with your own hands, you need to familiarize yourself with the theory. There are two main tasks that are set for the unit:

Plant potato tubers at the same distance from each other. It is convenient if this interval can be adjusted, as in most factory planters.

The depth of the holes in which the tubers are placed should also be the same. This will allow you to expect the same period of plant germination.

All designs are created taking these requirements into account. It is worth understanding that devices for planting potatoes (manually or using machinery) only facilitate the planting process. But they still require human participation.

There are several design options. Homemade potato planter can be single-row, double-row or three-row. This will depend on the type of frame used to make the frame. A container is attached to the frame into which root vegetables are poured. It can hold up to 20-30 kg. An elevator with bowls is installed in this bunker, which lower the tubers into the prepared holes.

Preparation of drawings

A self-made potato planter is assembled on the basis of pre-prepared drawings and diagrams. You can develop them yourself if you have certain skills.

Can be found a large number of already drawings of potato planters various designs and performances. Can choose ready-made option. Or you can take the diagram and modify it according to your own discretion and understanding. In any case, before starting work, you must check all specified dimensions and data. Only after this can you start working.

Handheld devices

First, let's look at several design options that make planting potatoes easier, but at the same time require physical effort. They are not connected to equipment, but allow you to do the work manually. Devices for planting potatoes in this way are easy to implement. But they can also be manufactured in various variations.

The simplest option is a cone-shaped punch. It is driven into the soil to the required depth. True, this requires some physical effort. This creates a hole in the soil where the potatoes fall. After removing the punch, the hole is filled up.

The second option is a slightly improved breakdown. It is made of a metal pipe, one edge of which is cut at an angle. A container for potatoes is attached to the top. A valve is made on the pipe. The pipe is driven into the ground and tilted so that the valve opens. A potato tuber coming from above falls out through the existing hole. The potatoes remain in the ground and are covered after the pipe is removed.

Another version of a homemade potato planter is popularly called “crow’s beak” due to its external similarity. The “beak” is driven into the ground in a closed form. After the “beak” opens, a tuber is thrown there, which remains in the ground.

Options with partial mechanization

This group includes a tool for quickly planting potatoes, which looks like a regular garden cart with one wheel. This option is suitable for soft areas of soil that have been prepared in advance.

In the cart, the wheel is replaced with a rotary cutter, which can have several compartments at once (for example, four). Potatoes are poured into the cart. From there the tubers fall into the cutter compartments. When moving due to the rotation of the cutter, the tubers remain in the ground. It is worth noting that landing requires physical effort. To facilitate the process, another handle is welded to the front of the structure. It allows two people to move the device.

Operating principle of mechanized options

You can assemble devices on your own that are suitable for coupling with equipment. For example, for a walk-behind tractor. The potato planter in this case will have more complex design. Rotate her individual parts will depend on the operation of the engine of the equipment.

An axle is welded to the structure frame, on which the sprocket is placed. Another sprocket is fixed a little higher, which is connected to the previous one via a chain. When the tractor moves and its wheels rotate, the hitch axle begins to rotate. Due to this through chain transmission The top sprocket rotates. Cups are attached to the chain, into which root vegetables fall from the hopper. Rotating, the cups transfer the potatoes into the soil. As you can see, it is not difficult to assemble a device for planting potatoes with your own hands. Having selected a suitable drawing and purchased necessary materials, you can start working.

Required materials and tools

To assemble a device for planting potatoes with your own hands, which will work in tandem with a walk-behind tractor (mini tractor), you will need the following materials:

metal channel ( square pipe or corner);

a hopper (a tank from an old washing machine will do; it can be made from a sheet of metal or thick plywood);

two stars;

chain;

wheels (preferably metal) or material for their manufacture.

To work on the project, you will need to have an angle grinder, a welding machine with electrodes, and some other tools that any owner has in his garage. Compound metal elements produced by welding. You can connect everything with bolts, but this will not add reliability and rigidity to the structure.

Execution of work

Creating a device for planting potatoes with your own hands begins with preparing the frame. For this they use metal pipe. Next, prepare the wheels. Metal wheels will not slip if the soil is too loose. You can make them yourself from metal strips. Convenient to use gas cylinder. You need to cut two rings from it (about 15 cm wide), each outside which the soil protectors are welded on. Inside from metal fittings, pipes or plates make spokes. Their design does not matter.

Next, a chain drive is prepared, consisting of two sprockets and a chain connecting them. It is better to choose gears from old Options They won't fit on a bicycle. Grips in the form of cups with a diameter of 5-6 cm are welded onto the chain, which will lift the tubers.

A bunker is made on top of the frame where the potatoes will be poured. The bipod is easy to make. Difficulties may arise when making a hiller. Therefore, it is easier to take disks from old equipment.

Finishing

The last stage of creating a potato planter for a walk-behind tractor is to give it visual appeal. To do this, the welding seams are cleaned if this was not done immediately. The structure is cleaned of dirt and corrosion. To make it last longer, it should be primed and painted.

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