Since May 6, the rules for medical examinations for adults have completely changed. The old order is no longer valid: a new one has been adopted. Now men and women over 40 will be able to be examined for free every year, the program includes oncology diagnostics, and some tests and procedures will be done more often. If you take care of your health and do not want to overpay, here are the new conditions. Everything is free and voluntary.
How to check your health for free
The rules for medical examination have changed, but it is still free and voluntary. Here is the main thing that all owners of the CHI policy need to know:
- From the age of 18, you can have a preventive examination every year. This is an abbreviated list of examinations, it is free.
- Clinical examinations are now carried out more often: up to 39 years old - once every three years, from 40 years old - once a year.
- Oncological screenings were included in the clinical examination. They will be held even at the age of 18 and even at the first stage - if there are no complaints and indications.
- Clinical examinations take place in the clinic, health centers, paramedical and mobile points. Check the registration and website for details.
- Offices for professional examinations work in the evening and on weekends, you can not take time off from work.
- You can take a paid day off during business hours.
- All you need to register is your passport and policy. The state pays.
What is free medical examination?
Medical examination of adults is free examinations, analyzes and examinations in the clinic. It can be taken from the age of 18, even if nothing hurts and there are no complaints at all. The doctor will still accept, look, send for tests and give a referral to narrow specialists. So you can do a free mammogram, colonoscopy, ECG, take a blood test, check the thyroid gland and find out if there are any cancers at an early stage.
If the results of the examinations show that you are healthy, great. But if suddenly there are signs of a disease that has not yet manifested itself, there is a chance to detect it in time and start treatment.
You don't need to pay for anything. But examinations and analyzes are prescribed not at the request of the patient, but only those that are in the rules of medical examination. They are approved by the Ministry of Health. There are lists for each age and indications.
So far, the websites of polyclinics and even health departments have old rules and orders. Almost everywhere the wrong age and the wrong lists of examinations are indicated. Focus on the new lists - they are already in force.
Who can get a free medical examination?
Examinations and examinations at the expense of the budget are due to all adults from the age of 18. This does not depend on the availability of work, position, gender, status and political views. The main thing is to have a compulsory medical insurance policy and attach to the clinic. It can be changed once a year if desired.
The examination can be done every three years. After 40 years - every year
Now you can take a free medical examination from the age of 18. But not every year, but every three years at a certain age: 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39 years. Previously, it was possible only from the age of 21.
From May 6, men and women who are already 40 years old can undergo such examinations annually: at 41, 42, 43, and so on. This is a new condition, before the interval for everyone was three years, but now the older you are, the more often you can be examined at the expense of the state. If you were examined at the age of 39, at 40 you can go to the clinic again. You won't have to wait 42 years, as before.
Age is determined not by date of birth, but by year. In the year when you should be 30, 33 or 40 years old, you can already go for free examinations, even if your birthday is still three months away.
There are also surveys for which their own frequency. For example, an ECG is done every year, but only from the age of 35, feces for occult blood from 39 to 64 years old are checked every two years, PSA analysis as part of the first stage of clinical examination for men from 45 years old is taken every five years, and mammography for women from 39 years old do every two years. This is monitored by doctors - they have tables and instructions on who is supposed to do what.
Everyone passes the first stage of medical examination
The examination is carried out in two stages. In general, nothing has changed here, but a new list of examinations has been approved.
First you need to get to the therapist. He will ask questions about health, habits and lifestyle, give directions for tests. The list of examinations depends on age.
General examinations during medical examination and professional examination
| From 18 to 39 years old | From 40 to 64 years old | From 65 years old | |
| Questionnaire, questions on lifestyle and risks | 1 time per year | 1 time per year | 1 time per year |
| Measurement of height, weight, waist circumference, pressure | 1 time per year | 1 time per year | 1 time per year |
| Cardiovascular risk on a special scale | 1 time per year | 1 time per year | |
| Fluorography | 1 time in 2 years | 1 time in 2 years | 1 time in 2 years |
| ECG | at the first passing of a medical examination, then from the age of 35 once a year | 1 time per year | 1 time per year |
| Intraocular pressure | at the first examination | 1 time per year | 1 time per year |
| Gynecologist | 1 time per year | 1 time per year | 1 time per year |
| Therapist | 1 time in 3 years | 1 time per year | 1 time per year |
| General blood analysis | 1 time per year | 1 time per year | |
| Blood test for sugar and cholesterol | 1 time per year | 1 time per year | 1 time per year |
A preventive examination can be passed without medical examination - from the age of 18 at least every year. This is a separate type of health check, it exists on its own. There are fewer examinations, there is no second stage and oncoscreening, but it will still help to monitor health.
The second stage is prescribed only when indicated
If risks are detected at the first stage, the doctor will issue directions for in-depth examinations. This is necessary to clarify the diagnosis.
At the second stage, you can undergo such examinations as prescribed by a doctor:
- Neurologist's consultation.
- Scanning of brachiocephalic arteries in men from 45 to 72 years old and women from 54 to 72 years old.
- Consultation with a surgeon or urologist for men 45, 50, 55, 60 and 64 years old.
- Consultation with a coloproctologist from 40 to 75 years.
- Colonoscopy.
- Gastroscopy.
- X-ray or computed tomography of the lungs.
- Spirometry.
- Laura consultation from 65 years old.
- Consultation of an ophthalmologist from the age of 40.
Each examination is necessary only for specific indications. They are listed in paragraph 18 of the order of the Ministry of Health. It can be controlled that, when examining elderly relatives, the doctor prescribes everything that is supposed to. If the grandmother is suspected of having a lung neoplasm, a CT scan should be done, and if the grandfather has an elevated PSA, he should be sent to a urologist. If bowel cancer is suspected, a colonoscopy is done. If a person smokes, he may be prescribed spirometry. For a fee, such studies are very expensive and sometimes it is too late.
After all examinations, the doctor will establish a health group. If serious illnesses are discovered, the patient will be registered and will be observed under another order - with treatment and rehabilitation.
Cancer screening will be carried out as part of the medical examination
Now, even at the first stage of clinical examination, screening will be carried out in order to detect oncology in time. For each age - a separate list of examinations. There are surveys even for 18 years.
What examinations will be prescribed to detect cancer at the first stage
| What is checked | At what age | What examination |
| Cervical cancer | from 18 years old once a year | examination by a gynecologist |
| from 18 to 64 years old 1 time in 3 years | smear for cytology | |
| breast cancer | from 40 to 75 years 1 time in 2 years | mammography |
| prostate cancer | at 45, 50, 55, 60, 64 years old | blood PSA test |
| bowel cancer | from 40 to 64 years old once every 2 years, from 65 to 75 years old once a year | stool for occult blood |
| Cancer of the skin, lips, mucosa, thyroid and lymph nodes | at any age at each examination | visual inspection and palpation |
| Esophageal carcinoma | at 45 | gastroscopy |
At the second stage, in-depth examinations for oncology will be carried out. All this is free.
cost of cancer screening for women in a paid clinic
Where are the screenings?
Medical examination must be carried out in your clinic or paramedical station. Even in theory, there are traveling mobile teams. If the medical examination is based on age, they are waiting for you at the clinic right now.
What time can the examinations be done?
According to the usual schedule. Examinations are carried out in the usual mode of the clinic. But sometimes separate days, doctors and offices are allocated for this. Usually, information is available on websites, or you can check at the reception when it is more convenient to come in order to immediately take tests.
Evening and Saturday. Recently, there have been amendments on medical examinations on weekends and in the evening. The law was adopted so that more people could be examined without taking time off from work. Doctors will be paid extra for this, but the exact time needs to be clarified at the clinic: not everyone could adapt to these changes yet. But many have long seen patients in the evening and on Saturdays.
During business hours. According to the law, you can take a paid day off from work for medical examination. True, for the time being, for people over 40 years old and up to the pre-retirement age, the condition remains that this day off is given once every three years, although they can undergo medical examinations annually. But this will be fixed soon. In 2019, everyone can definitely take such a day off.
By registration via the Internet. To register for examinations, electronic registration is required. On the portal of public services and the websites of polyclinics, you can already make an appointment with a doctor. But it is better to specify how it works in your clinic. It may be easier to come without an appointment on Saturday before lunch and they will be waiting for you there especially for medical examination.
Is it possible to check health if nothing hurts?
Yes, this is the essence of dispensary. Analyzes, examinations and examinations are carried out without complaints, simply because you came specifically for medical examination and all this is included in it under the terms of the program. Even if at 30 nothing hurts at all, the clinic will still conduct cancer screening by age, do x-rays and check blood for sugar and cholesterol.
If there are complaints, then regardless of the clinical examination, the doctor will prescribe the necessary examinations. For example, if there are complaints about a lump in the chest, a mammogram will be done, even if this examination is not yet included in the clinical examination due to age. If something hurts or worries, do not wait forty years or until two years have passed since the last check: go to the doctor in the usual way. Medical examination does not cancel treatment in polyclinics and hospitals - it is also free. And if you pay yourself, you can get a deduction and get some of the money back.
Is it possible to undergo a medical examination if you do not work officially and do not pay fees?
Yes, even those who do not work or work without a work book and do not deduct anything to the budget can pass a medical examination. The budget pays contributions for such people, but they are still insured. If there is a policy - there is also the right to a free medical examination. No one will check how many contributions you have paid and what your income is. The polyclinic will receive the money after it records that this person has been examined.
Tens of billions are allocated from the budget for health checks. If you do not master them through free examinations, they will go somewhere anyway.
A person who cares about their health will probably be interested in how the 2019 medical examination will go. Will there be changes in the state program or not?
Why is a population survey conducted?
Five years ago, a new order of the Ministry of Health No. 1006n dated 03.12.13 was issued in Russia, which contains the basics of a general medical examination of the population. Its purpose is to analyze the health of all citizens of the Russian Federation in order to prevent premature mortality. For this, it is planned to diagnose citizens who have reached the age of 21 and older. The purpose of this procedure is to detect all kinds of risks associated with the development of early stages of chronic diseases.
Such research is not new for Russians. Global control over the health of the population was carried out in the former USSR. Now the Ministry of Health of Russia has decided to continue the traditions of its predecessors and has issued an order regulating the study of the health status of all categories of the population. This applies to both children and adults.
Main principles
The federal program takes into account the most critical moments of various diseases inherent in each age. With this in mind, a list of doctors required to visit has been developed. Various diagnostic measures should detect various kinds of pathologies that cause premature death and disability. These include:
- disorders in the work of the heart;
- diseases of the respiratory system;
- various neoplasms of a benign and malignant nature;
- diabetes mellitus, etc.
This kind of disease can lead to premature death.
The dispensary includes:
- a visit to a therapist who compiles a questionnaire indicating risk factors. For example, the patient may be overweight, have an unhealthy diet, abuse tobacco and alcohol, take drugs;
- women's trip to the gynecologist;
- visit to specialists of narrow specialization;
- laboratory research. They include tests, blood tests, feces, taking all kinds of smears, etc.
- diagnostics of the body with the help of various devices. This may be an ultrasound of the abdominal organs, fluorography, etc.
What doctors are required after 36 years
For people who have reached middle age, the list of doctors for examination increases. In addition to the above specialists, they need:
What years of birth fall under the medical examination
The program does not cover the entire population, but persons born in specific years. The age range of the examined people is three years. So, in 2019, persons born in the following years can undergo medical examination:
1920, 1923, 1926, 1929, 1932, 1935, 1938, 1941, 1944, 1947, 1950, 1953, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1965, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1977, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1989, 1992, 1995, 1998.
People who have reached the age of 100 do not have any restrictions. The new order of the Ministry of Health allows them to undergo screening on a general basis. There are no changes planned for 2019.
Health groups
After medical examination, all examined citizens are divided into groups:
- The first category is assigned to those who do not need constant supervision by doctors.
- The second category is intended for persons predisposed to various chronic diseases.
- The third category is reserved for people who need constant monitoring by doctors. A preventive health screening usually takes one to three days.
If risk factors are found in citizens, then they are recommended to undergo additional studies.
The analysis of children's health is a little different. Every year in the Russian Federation, medical examinations are carried out for children. Children from one year old can take part in it. Children aged 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17 are eligible for extended screening. This order is due to the fact that it is in these years that a surge of age-related diseases is observed. Usually, children's examinations are carried out in the district clinic where the child is assigned. All recommendations are given by the local therapist. This is provided for by the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No134 of 2012. It indicates the main provisions that must be followed during children's medical examination. In 2019, children born in the following years are subject to examination: 2018, 2017, 2016, 2013, 2012, 2009, 2004, 2003, 2002.
The procedure for passing the examination
Screening is provided for all persons, regardless of whether a citizen works or not. In addition, working citizens undergo professional examinations in accordance with their specialty.
As for employers, they are forbidden to interfere with the medical examination, which was organized by the state. The manager must set aside time to examine his employees, regardless of the density of the work. Moreover, payment for missed time is made at an average rate. Citizens going for medical examinations have the right to undergo them completely free of charge. This is stipulated in the Legislative act on the protection of public health in the Russian Federation. All costs under the federal program are included in the state treasury.
Comprehensive research within the framework of clinical examination is the right of any citizen of our state. In order to find out all the details and, most importantly, the timing of its implementation, it is enough to come to the local clinic to the local therapist. You can also find out information at the reception or even from a nurse who is assigned to your place of residence. Many medical institutions take the initiative and call their patients or choose another method of notification.
Any citizen can refuse medical examination or not participate in the examination of any specialist. Any person can confirm their unwillingness to participate in the state program by filling out the appropriate form provided by law. Your refusal must be confirmed by your own signature.
To pass a medical examination, it is enough to have:
- passport;
- medical insurance policy;
- SNILS.
As a result of a detailed study of the body, each citizen receives a Health Passport. It lists diseases, if any, as well as recommendations for maintaining health.
Who, where and how can undergo medical examination in 2019?
In 2019, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation plans to include annual medical examinations in the medical examination program
Medical examination in 2019 amendments and changes
In Russia, the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation came into force, according to which people over 40 years old will be able to undergo a medical examination once a year, while for residents of the country aged 18–39 years, the opportunity to undergo an examination once every 3 years remains.
Clinical examination became annual for everyone over 40(new order of the Ministry of Health of Russia)
In 2019, free medical examination of the adult population under the CHI policy will be held in accordance with Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation "On approval of the procedure for conducting preventive medical examinations and medical examinations of certain groups of the adult population" dated March 13, 2019 N ° 124n.
To undergo a medical examination, the patient must contact the local doctor during the hours of his appointment, or in the cab. N°215, or to the reception desk of the polyclinic.
- on working days: from 08 00 to 20 00 on working days;
- Every third Saturday of the month: 8:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.
What has changed?
Firstly, since 2019, medical examinations and medical examinations have been combined. Order No. 124н, which comes into force on May 6, 2019, optimizes the regulation of preventive medical measures in relation to the population. They immediately replace two previously existing orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation:
- “On Approval of the Procedure for Conducting a Preventive Medical Examination” dated 06.12.2012 N°1011n;
- “On approval of the procedure for conducting medical examinations for certain groups of the adult population” of October 26, 2017 N ° 869n.
When and by whom are medical examinations and free medical examinations carried out from 2019?
Previously, it was provided that a medical examination is carried out 1 time in 2 years, and medical examinations were held 1 time in 3 years. The set of analyzes and studies differed (in the year of medical examination - a larger volume).
Important! According to order N ° 124n free preventive medical examinationor medical examinationcitizens of all ages is annual. Medical examination is carried out annually for citizens over 40 years old and once every 3 years for citizens aged 18 to 39 years.
Note! A citizen undergoes a preventive medical examination and medical examination in a medical organization in which he receives primary health care. This organization must be licensed to provide all types of medical services included in the medical examination.
What does the free medical examination of the adult population include in 2019?
The medical examination program includes, first of all, all the studies and analyzes that are included in the annual medical examination.
Preventive medical examination is carried out for early detection of conditions, diseases and risk factors for their development, non-medical use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as in order to determine health groups and develop recommendations for patients and includes:
- Fluorography or radiography of the lungs (1 time in 2 years).
- Poll (questionnaire).
- Calculation based on anthropometry body mass index (measurement of height, weight, waist circumference).
- Measurement of blood pressure.
- Blood test for total cholesterol.
- Blood test for glucose.
- Determination of cardiovascular risk (relative - from 18 to 39 years old inclusive, absolute - from 40 to 64 years old inclusive), risks of chronic diseases.
- Measurement of intraocular pressure (at the first medical examination, annually - from the age of 40).
- ECG (at the first medical examination, annually - from the age of 35).
- Examination by a paramedic (midwife) or obstetrician-gynecologist of women aged 18-39 years.
Research at the first stage of medical examination of the adult population
Clinical examination is a set of activities that includes a preventive medical examination and additional methods of examinations conducted to assess the state of health (including the definition of a health group and a dispensary observation group).
In addition to the preventive medical examinations listed above, during the adult population medical examination, the following are carried out at the first stage:
- complete blood count (hemoglobin, leukocytes, ESR) - from the age of 40;
- examination by a paramedic (midwife) or obstetrician-gynecologist of women aged 40 years and older.
- examination of feces for occult blood (from 40 to 64 years old inclusive - 1 time in 2 years, from 65 to 75 years old inclusive - annually);
- esophagofibrogastroduodenoscopy - at the age of 45 years;
- for women: a cytological examination of a smear from the cervix (from 18 to 64 years old inclusive - 1 time in 3 years),
- mammography (from 40 to 75 years old inclusive - 1 time in 2 years);
- for men: determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood (at 45, 50, 55, 60, 64 years).
- examination by a general practitioner based on the results of the first stage.
Additional examination at the second stage of medical examination of adults
At the second stage of the medical examination, the studies are carried out according to the results of the first stage of the medical examination as prescribed by the general practitioner. In this case, assigned:
- consultations of specialists (neurologist, otorhinolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, surgeon or urologist, surgeon or proctologist, obstetrician-gynecologist, examination by a general practitioner based on the results of the second stage of clinical examination);
- additional studies (radiography of the lungs or computed tomography of the lungs, colonoscopy, esophagofibrogastroduodenoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, spirometry, duplex scanning of the brachiocephalic arteries).
Note! At present, Art. 185.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation establishes the allocation of paid days for medical examination for the working population: 1 day every 3 years - as a general rule, 2 days annually - for pre-pensioners and pensioners. However, the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation instructed to prepare changes: all working citizens over 40 years of age will be provided one day for screening every year.
Hello, dear readers of the blog site. wealth. And not only the wealth of a particular person, but also the wealth of the country.
A healthy nation is a strong, economically stable state. That is why in our country much attention is paid to strengthening and maintaining the health of the population.
One of the measures that contribute to the early detection of diseases and, accordingly, their timely treatment, is medical examination. In this article, we will consider what medical examination is, what is included in this complex, how to undergo medical examination.
Dispensary is...
As is known, the disease is easier to prevent than to treat. It is also easier to treat at an early stage than at a later stage. are the reason and purpose of conducting a mass check of the state of health of the population in the country, i.e. medical examination.
Clinical examination is a complex of diagnostic preventive studies aimed at assessing the state of health of citizens.
Conducting a general medical examination of the adult population in the Russian Federation in 2019 and 2020 is regulated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 27, 2019 No. 1391-r, and the procedure for carrying out - by Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of March 13, 2019 No. 124n, which entered into force on May 6, 2019 .
The Order can be viewed at the link above. If the document is not on the specified page, the service will send this Order free of charge to the e-mail address you specified.
The result of medical examination– assigning a health group to a patient and, if necessary, registering with a dispensary.
Note:
- Health group- This is a conditional classification of the state of health of a particular person. According to Order No. 124n, the characteristics of adult health groups are as follows:
- group 1 - healthy;
- Group 2 - no chronic diseases. There are risk factors. These include: increased pressure, as well as smoking, alcohol, drugs and psychotropic drugs, physical inactivity, obesity;
- 3 "a" group - there is a chronic disease or suspicion of it, the patient requires constant medical monitoring;
- 3 "b" group - the patient is not diagnosed with a chronic disease, but there is a need for specialized medical care;
- Dispensary registration is the regular medical follow-up of a patient with a chronic disease.
Depending on the results of the medical examination, the following activities are carried out:
- counseling and minimization of risk factors;
- referral for additional medical examination;
- dispensary registration.
Passing a dispensary examination - the case is voluntary, so coercion methods are not allowed here.
For example, overzealous employers sometimes force their employees to undergo medical examinations, but this is illegal. With one caveat: such actions of employers are lawful if mandatory medical examination and (or) medical examination.
The main points of clinical examination in the Russian Federation
Medical examination in 2019, starting from May 6, is carried out in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Health No. 124n.
Clinical examination 2019: what is included in the examination
Medical examination in 2019 carried out in 2 stages and includes the following activities:
Stage 1- in the department of medical prevention (if there is none, then the district therapist performs):
- questioning, ;
- measurement of height, weight, calculation of body mass index;
- measurement of blood and eye pressure, glucose, cholesterol levels;
- identification of risk factors;
- determination of the risk of developing diseases of the heart and blood vessels;
- identification of the risk of developing osteoporosis, heart failure, visual and hearing defects (for persons over 64 years of age);
- fluorography (every 2 years);
- removal of an ECG (electrocardiogram);
- examination by a gynecologist (for women from 18 to 39 years old);
- complete blood count (for people over 39 years old);
- screening for oncological diseases (a special set of tests and studies, including mammography (X-ray examination of the mammary glands));
- conducting a brief individual consultation on the patient's state of health;
- filling out the medical examination card.
After these events, the patient, if necessary, is sent to the therapist.
Examination by a therapist is carried out with the aim of:
- visual detection of oncology (examination of the skin, oral cavity, palpation of the thyroid gland and lymph nodes);
- examination in accordance with the patient's complaints;
- referrals for appointments with narrow specialists - if necessary.
Stage 2 – additional examination and clarification diagnosed diagnoses.
What is included in the medical examination of this stage (in the direction of the therapist):
- consultative examination by a neurologist;
- scanning of the arteries supplying blood to the brain;
- consultation with a surgeon or urologist;
- reception of a surgeon or coloproctologist;
- colonoscopy (instrumental examination of the rectum);
- esophagogastroduodenoscopy (instrumental examination of the digestive organs);
- x-ray or tomography of the lungs;
- spirometry (study of respiratory functions);
- consultation with a gynecologist;
- examination by an ENT doctor;
- consultation of an ophthalmologist;
- preventive counseling on identified pathologies;
final reception of the therapist to determine the results of the diagnostics, as well as referral for additional examination, not included in the list of measures for clinical examination.
How to get screened
Medical examination activities are carried out (according to the Order of the Ministry of Health No. 124n):
- in medical institutions that have the appropriate license;
- mobile medical teams.
So, mobile medical teams carry out the 1st stage of clinical examination (+ additional examinations) in Moscow parks(in 2019) as part of the Healthy Moscow program. Medical examination in 2019 in Moscow parks takes place daily from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. You need to have a passport and a compulsory health insurance policy with you.
In order to get a medical examination in the clinic, you need to approach (or call) the registry of the medical institution to which you are attached, and find out the time and place of admission.
For the convenience of the population, medical examinations are carried out not only on working days, but also on weekends.
Clinical examination 2019, 2020, 2021: what years of birth fall
With the publication of the Order of the Ministry of Health No. 124n, all persons 40 years and older medical examination can be Every year, so in this case the year of birth is not important.
Citizens aged 18 to 39 years old inclusive, may undergo a dispensary examination once every 3 years. Let's calculate which years of birth "fall out" for medical examination in 2019, 2020 and 2021.
Note: The year of birth is calculated by the year of birth, not by the exact date. For example, if in a few months (but not later than December 31, 2019) you turn 24 (27, 30, etc.) years old, then you can already undergo a medical examination.
What years of birth are undergoing medical examination in 2019:
| Year of birth | Age |
|---|---|
| 2001 | 18 |
| 1998 | 21 |
| 1995 | 24 |
| 1992 | 27 |
| 1989 | 30 |
| 1986 | 33 |
| 1983 | 36 |
| 1980 | 39 |
Clinical examination 2020 - what years of birth fall:
| Year of birth | Age |
|---|---|
| 2002 | 18 |
| 1999 | 21 |
| 1996 | 24 |
| 1993 | 27 |
| 1990 | 30 |
| 1987 | 33 |
| 1984 | 36 |
| 1981 | 39 |
Clinical examination 2021 - what years of birth fall:
| Year of birth | Age |
|---|---|
| 2003 | 18 |
| 2000 | 21 |
| 1997 | 24 |
| 1994 | 27 |
| 1991 | 30 |
| 1988 | 33 |
| 1985 | 36 |
| 1982 | 39 |
Brief Summary
Medical examination is a reliable way to take care of your health. Do not wait for the disease to openly manifest itself, do not give it a chance to develop and then dictate your conditions of life.
Take care of yourself, health to all!
Good luck to you! See you soon on the blog pages site
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The common saying among the people that it is easier and cheaper to prevent a disease than to treat it later has rational scientific confirmation. In order to timely diagnose pathological conditions and maintain high levels of public health at the state level, such a concept as prophylactic medical examination was formed. What it includes, why it is carried out, as well as other topical issues on this topic - in this material.
Dispensary: what is it?
First of all, you need to understand what dispensary is. According to a specialized medical dictionary, this term refers to a certain system of treatment and prevention work in medical institutions. Such activities are regulated by regulatory documents that determine the scope of medical consultations and studies, the timing of their implementation. In addition, the enterprises write an order for medical examination for employees who require the specified medical examination.
It is carried out in the clinic at the place of residence of the patient. A person has the right to refuse such an examination in whole or in part by writing a written refusal according to the established model and presenting the document to the local therapist (family doctor).
Clinical examination in our country: the history of formation
What is medical examination, how was such a concept formed in our country? For the first time, preventive examination of workers was introduced into the system of medical care for the population back in 1986. It was during this period that the order of the USSR was issued, according to which the so-called preventive rooms were equipped in clinics. The essence of the activities of the departments of medical examinations of the polyclinic was the annual standard examination of working citizens.
Unfortunately, the organization of such work was not at the proper level, which led to large expenditures of budget money, their irrational use. As a result of the high employment of district therapists due to scheduled examinations, the work of the polyclinic as a whole was hampered. Also, which is important, the main purpose of these events was considered exclusively the diagnosis of diseases. The development of a treatment regimen and monitoring the patient's condition were not the responsibility of the prevention rooms.
Thus, this system turned out to be inefficient and costly. In this regard, it was necessary to develop a modern form of prevention of diseases in the population. A new era of clinical examination began in 2006 - it was then that a new structure and innovative methods of work on the medical examination of citizens began to be developed.
The purpose of medical examination
As mentioned above, the main goal of medical examination of the population is to preserve the health of the nation. Based on this, the following tasks of such a preventive medical measure can be distinguished:
- diagnosing diseases at an early stage, determining the main risk factors for the development of health disorders;
- revealing the facts of the use of narcotic and psychotropic substances by citizens without indications and prescription of a doctor;
- professional consultation of patients;
- determination of the patient observation group in case of health disorders or the presence of risk factors for their development.
Organization Features
In the new modern structure of the organization of medical examination, there are such features:
- A citizen of the Russian Federation who has an insurance medical policy has the right to undergo a free examination.
- Clinical examination is carried out at the place of residence once every three years (what years are allotted for such an examination by an individual patient, you can find out from the therapist). In addition, you can undergo a preventive examination every year, which is characterized by a smaller amount of research.
- Responsibility for organizing and conducting medical examinations rests with the local therapist or family doctor.
- The examination is carried out in 2 stages: standard and in-depth.
- Criteria for defining the concept of "risk factors for the development of diseases" have been developed and specified. This group includes citizens who have the following deviations in their health status: poor nutrition, alcohol abuse, high blood pressure, confirmation of the fact of using tobacco products, hyperglycemia, low physical activity, overweight or obesity.
- Expansion of laboratory methods of research, which are included in the program of free clinical examination of the population.
- The number of health groups has halved. At the moment, patients are divided into 3 groups instead of 6, namely: the first includes people with a low or medium risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases, the second - with a high level, and the third - with proven diseases requiring medical attention. Each group of patients is provided with the necessary amount of medical care.
How is the examination carried out?
Medical examination of adults has 2 stages. A citizen who is sent for examination must have a passport and a medical insurance policy with him. It is also recommended to take the results of the studies that were obtained during the previous examination.
Clinical examination begins in the office of the local therapist - what does it include? Here the doctor will ask the patient to answer some general questions, the results are recorded in the questionnaire. Then the specialist will measure the main anthropometric data (height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index calculation). After that, the patient is given a so-called route sheet, which contains information about which tests should be taken and which examinations of narrow specialists will be required. Thus, the first stage of the medical examination takes place. What is a primary medical examination, what tests the patient will need to undergo at this stage of the examination, is described in more detail in the next paragraph.
The first stage of medical examination
The purpose of the first stage is the diagnosis of non-communicable diseases, including disorders of the cardiovascular system, diabetes, glaucoma, malignant neoplasms, and others. In addition, an important task is to identify risk factors for a violation of the patient's health, as well as the use of narcotic and psychotropic drugs by him without a doctor's prescription.
It will take at least two visits to the clinic to complete the first stage of the examination. For the first visit, you need from 2 to 6 hours of free time. Despite the fact that if there is a referral for medical examination, there is no need to stand in line, it will take a lot of time for the examination by doctors. What kind of specialists conduct medical examinations? Doctors of the following profiles examine the patient at the first stage of preventive examination:
- therapist (district doctor);
- obstetrician-gynecologist;
- surgeon;
- neurologist;
- ophthalmologist.
Laboratory and instrumental research
What is a primary medical examination, what laboratory and instrumental studies are carried out at this stage of the examination? The exact list of necessary medical manipulations is indicated in the patient's bypass sheet. Since such a list is developed individually, taking into account the age of the subject and his history. The standard screening examinations are as follows:
- measurement of blood pressure;
- determination of glucose and cholesterol in the blood by express methods;
- clinical and detailed blood test;
- general urine analysis;
- determination of the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases;
- coprogram;
- analysis of scrapings from the cervix and cervical canal for women;
- fluorography;
- mammography;
- Ultrasound of the pelvic organs and abdominal cavity;
- measurement of intraocular pressure.
Often the question arises as to whether an additional visit to a gynecologist will be required if a woman has passed the medical examination of the first stage? An additional examination will be required only if deviations are found in the results of scraping.
The second stage of dispensary
If during the initial examination any violations in the patient's state of health were detected, then a second additional stage is assigned to him. What is secondary medical examination, what does it include? Such an examination includes consultation of narrow specialists and carrying out the necessary tests to confirm the preliminary diagnosis and make a decision on further treatment of the patient. Namely: the subject is offered to use the following free medical services (the list is determined according to indications based on the results of studies during the initial medical examination):
- consultation of a neurologist, urologist, gynecologist, otolaryngologist, ophthalmologist or surgeon;
- necessary additional laboratory and instrumental studies.
After completion of the examination, the general practitioner fills in the "Health Card".
Clinical examination of children
Preventive examinations of newborns are carried out by the local pediatrician in the first three days after the baby is discharged from the hospital, on the 14th and 20th day. Then, during the first year of life, parents need to bring the child to the doctor to assess the growth and development of the crumbs.
Children over one year of age should be screened once a year. It is necessary to get advice from such children's doctors as a neurologist, orthopedist (surgeon), ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, dentist, speech therapist according to the schedule of preventive examinations depending on the age of the child.
The data obtained from examinations and analyzes are entered into the baby’s medical record, if necessary (for example, for admission to a preschool educational institution), a special medical form is filled out.
Thus, we explained what a medical examination is and why it is carried out. Such preventive measures will help maintain health and increase the life expectancy of the population of our country.