As you know, the police play the main role in regulating public order in the state.

It performs many functions: suppression of acts related to violation of the law, ensuring the safety of citizens in peacetime, investigating crimes already committed, etc.

The police of our country: a brief description

According to Russian legislation, the police are a set of state bodies and services that ensure security, protect the rights and freedoms of citizens, as well as persons located on the territory of Russia, and are part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of our country. This status was obtained relatively recently - in March 2011, when the 14th article of the "Regulations on the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia" was approved by a presidential decree.

As a rule, in order to be able to work in the police, you need: good physical training, good health, legal education (if a person is focused on high positions), military ID, various kinds of materials to determine the personal qualities of an employee (test results, portfolio with achievements, etc.).

The police have their own rank system, independent of other countries.

What are the ranks in the Russian police?

On the territory of our country, police ranks are usually called special. They are assigned to police officers engaged in various official activities and performing their work in positions in relation to which the assignment of this kind of ranks is envisaged.

Special police ranks and customary military ranks must be distinguished. First, the very structure of police ranks has many differences.

Secondly, only military personnel can receive military ranks, in contrast to special ones, which are given to both police officers and other employees of the justice, internal service. When moving from one position to another, an employee simply undergoes recertification and continues to work with the same rank, but in a different body.

Terms of service in special ranks

There is a special law "On the police" that regulates its activities. According to the law, in order to obtain certain ranks in the police, it is necessary to serve the following terms:

• ordinary police, junior sergeant, junior lieutenant - 1 year;
• sergeant, police lieutenant - 2 years;
• senior sergeant, senior lieutenant, captain - 3 years;
• rank of police major - 4 years;
• warrant officer, police lieutenant colonel - 5 years.

It is worth noting that there are no titles such as marshal and corporal. In addition, the terms of service for the rank of police general, colonel, and foreman are not formally established.

Types of shoulder straps and varieties of their colors

As a rule, rank-and-file officers do not have any insignia on their shoulder straps. In the case of cadets, there is a special letter "K".

The junior leadership (this includes sergeants) has special golden stripes on the shoulder straps. There can be from one to three of them, depending on the rank. Two stripes speak of the rank of junior sergeant, three - of the rank of sergeant, and one large - of the rank of senior sergeant.

Small stars are vertically attached to the shoulder straps of warrant officers (two for the warrant officer, three for the senior warrant officer). There are no barks for them.

The shoulder straps of the middle management have a vertical strip (it is also called a gap) and small stars from one to four. One denotes the rank of junior lieutenant, two - lieutenant, three - senior lieutenant, four - police captain.

Senior management, in turn, has two stripes and large stars. Shoulder straps with one star are given to the major, with two - to the lieutenant colonel, with three - to the colonel.

Even larger stars are attached to the shoulder straps of the senior management. Their number ranges from one to three, depending on the rank. On them, unlike other categories of the leadership team, there are no gaps.

The highest rank is considered to be police general. On the general's shoulder straps, in addition to a single large star, the emblem of the coat of arms of Russia is also attached.

The picture above shows how the shoulder straps of the Russian police look (from left to right, police ranks from private to colonel).

Let's look into the past

In the Soviet Union, as well as for some time during the existence of Russia, there was no such thing as the police. Law enforcement agencies had a slightly different name - militia.

The police system and the militia are very different.

For example, in the USSR there were some ranks that are not currently used in the police: militiaman (equated to the rank of private), inspector, commissar, senior major, director of militia, etc.

It is worth noting that in the Soviet Union it was possible to work in law enforcement agencies exclusively on its own initiative: for this purpose, special people's squads were created, which included volunteers.

The article was updated on 08.01.2019.
Do you want to know what are the police shoulder straps? In fact, it is important to imagine who you are dealing with on the road or in the city, and in fact the title can only be determined by epaulettes. Police representatives will not always give their rank and name and surname, although this is mandatory.

Why understand militia (police) ranks?

Imagine you are driving along the road and you are stopped by an inspector. How to contact him if he did not introduce himself? You can just say "comrade policeman", but much better, of course, in rank. The same is true for situations on the street if you are walking. In general, knowing the ranks and shoulder straps is simply a must. Moreover, they slightly changed in appearance after the police were renamed the police.

Picture with shoulder straps

To make it easier to understand, see the picture below:

Here I have divided the shoulder straps into two rows for clarity, so we follow.
In the first row (top), from left to right, we have the following titles:

• Private police;
• Lance Sergeant;
• Sergeant;
• Staff Sergeant;
• Chief of Police;
• Warrant Officer of the Police;
• Senior Warrant Officer;

All of them were junior commanding staff, with the exception of the "private", of course. The second row is much more interesting, since the ranks of the middle and senior teams are represented here. Also from left to right, bottom row:

• Junior Police Lieutenant;
• Lieutenant;
• Senior Lieutenant;
• Police Captain;
• Police Major;
• Lieutenant colonel;
• Police Colonel.

The last three belong to the senior commanding staff, the rest to the middle. Now you will be aware if an employee suddenly stops you and demands something from you. You will be able to determine his rank by shoulder straps.

The highest commanding staff. Generals shoulder straps

Many asked in the comments to supplement the article and add general's shoulder straps. Fair remarks. Although, of course, the general will not stop you on the street, but for overall development to know what his shoulder straps look like, you need:

As you can see, they differ from ordinary shoulder straps in their unusual shape. Let's list what titles are presented here (from left to right):

• Major General of Police;
• Lieutenant General of Police;
• Colonel General of Police;
• General of the Police of the Russian Federation;

Now you know all about the ranks of the modern police. Share the link to this article with your friends, it will be useful to them.

EMERCOM of Russia are militarized, they have appropriate uniforms and insignia. The insignia, depending on the special ranks, located on the shoulder straps, for the FPS employees were established by order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated July 3, 2008 N 364 "On approval of the Rules for wearing uniforms by employees of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination consequences natural Disasters with special ranks of the internal service ", and are identical to the corresponding signs for police officers.

The basis for placing insignia made in the form of plates and stars is the shoulder strap.

Persons of middle and senior commanding staff wear epaulettes:

• on tunics (jackets) with a dress uniform - sewn-on shoulder straps with a field of golden color, with gaps and orange piping;
• on tunics (jackets) with casual uniforms, demi-season jackets, coats and winter jackets - sewn-on shoulder straps with a gray-blue field, with gaps and orange edging;
• on woolen and summer jackets - removable shoulder straps with a gray-blue field, with gaps and orange edging;
• on shirts (blouses) of white and gray-blue colors - removable shoulder straps with a field, respectively, white and gray-blue, with gaps and orange edging;

On the shoulder straps, in accordance with the special rank, metal stars of golden color are placed.

Individuals of private and junior commanding staff wear epaulettes:

• on tunics (jackets), demi-season jackets (for warrant officers of the internal service), coats and winter jackets - sewn on shoulder straps with a gray-blue field, with orange edging;
• on woolen jackets, summer jackets and shirts (blouses) - removable shoulder straps with a gray-blue field, with orange edging;
• on shirts (blouses) white(for ensigns of the internal service) - removable shoulder straps with a white field;
• on demi-season raincoats - shoulder straps from the fabric of the top of the products, sewn into the seam of the sleeve stitching, with a triangular top edge fastened with a button.

In accordance with the special rank placed:
Cadets educational institutions epaulettes are worn by:
Insignia for special rank - plates (stripes) on the shoulder straps of the foremen of the internal service are located along the longitudinal center line, the sergeants of the internal service are located perpendicular to the longitudinal center line of the shoulder strap.

The emblems on the shoulder straps are metallic golden color - a small emblem of the EMERCOM of Russia. The emblems are placed on the longitudinal center line of the shoulder strap, at a distance of 5 mm from the button.

Placement of insignia on shoulder straps

Placing stars on the shoulder straps of the middle, senior, senior commanding staff and warrant officers of the internal service

Special rank of internal service	Number of stars in pursuit	Stars diameter, mm	Distance from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap to the center of the first star, mm	The distance between the centers of the stars along the shoulder strap, mm
Colonel general	3	22	25	25
Lieutenant general	2	22	25	25
Major General	1	22	45	-
Colonel	3	20	25	25
Lieutenant colonel	2	20	25	-
Major	1	20	45	-
Captain	4	13	25	25
Senior lieutenant	3	13	25	25
Lieutenant	2	13	25	-
Ensign	1	13	45	-
Senior Warrant Officer	3	13	25	25
Ensign	2	13	25	25

Shoulder straps and ranks in Russian army created in order to clearly delineate responsibilities between the military. The higher the status, the more responsibility is assigned to the soldier who has been awarded the title. Shoulder straps play an identifying role, that is, they create a visual representation of a military man, namely: what position he occupies, as well as his military rank.

Shoulder straps and ranks in the army play a very important role, and for different troops they have different external characteristics as well as names. The reason is that each type of troops has its own characteristics. For comparison, let's go over the land and sea shoulder straps and ranks of the Russian army.

Shoulder straps and ranks in the ground forces of the Russian army

Observance of subordination and knowledge of one's function in the general order are the basis of military discipline. They also talk about this to ordinary soldiers who are just beginning to get acquainted in practice with military service. V ground forces military personnel are divided according to the composition.

The number of conscripts and contact personnel includes the following military personnel:

1. Private. This is the lowest rank of a soldier, with which all conscripts begin their military career. This title can be considered higher, perhaps, of a cadet, since the second only theoretically learns all the basics of military art, and the private is already being tested in practice. The private shoulder straps are clean, that is, they do not have any identification marks (as the recruits themselves say, “clean shoulder straps are a clear conscience”).
2. Corporal. As a rule, the most distinguished privates can subsequently be promoted to. It is received by the best or the most senior rank and file, that is, the obvious leaders in their midst. The shoulder straps of the Russian Federation from the corporal already take on one thin strip as a distinctive sign. It is this symbol that gives other military personnel an idea of ​​the role of a given soldier in the overall military structure. If the commander leaves for some reason, the corporal replaces him.

The fundamental ranks are followed by sergeants and foremen. Further, it is they who follow in the order of the hierarchy of shoulder straps and military ranks:

1. Lance Sergeant. This rank is an intermediate step between corporal and foreman. As a rule, a promotion in rank means acceptance of a new position. upon receiving his new rank, he is appointed as a squad leader, or as a tank or a vehicle. Another narrow strip is added to the shoulder straps of the Russian junior sergeant. This title can also be obtained in exceptional cases if the soldier is sent to the reserve and at the time of dispatch he wore the rank of corporal. However, this corporal must be distinguished by merit and be one of the best.
2. Sergeant. This is the next link to which the soldier goes after overcoming the rank of junior sergeant. Upon receiving this rank, shoulder straps are supplemented with another narrow strip. By this time, the soldier has three of them. It is referred to differently as "non-commissioned officer", and in many countries, especially in Germany, where this term comes from, it sounds the same.
3. Staff Sergeant. A soldier awarded this title receives one wide one instead of three narrow stripes on the shoulder straps of the Russian army. occupies an intermediate step between the sergeant major and the sergeant.
4. Sergeant Major. If before this rank the identification lines were located across the shoulder strap, then in a wide line it already goes along the shoulder strap. Among the military personnel of its composition, this rank is the most senior. As a rule, foremen are also official and command a whole company. In relation to sergeants and soldiers who are at the very first steps of military ranks, he is a commander. In his job duties enters to monitor the observance of discipline among subordinates, to advise the junior in rank how to act in a given situation, to ensure that all subordinates fulfill their duties.

After that, the ranks of the RF Armed Forces are transferred to the category of ensigns:

1. Ensign. The shoulder straps of the military in this rank somewhat change the appearance, since instead of stripes, starting with the ensign, stars are used. For the ensign, they are small and are available in the amount of two pieces. This is a different level military service, accordingly, the requirements are toughened in relation to the soldier who was awarded this rank.
2. Senior Warrant Officer. He is also an intermediate link between the ensign and the ranks of officers. One more small star is added on the shoulder straps. Just like on the epaulettes of a warrant officer, red lines run along both sides of it. This rank of servicemen is used not only on the territory of the Russian Federation, but also in many other states.

The officer corps goes immediately after the composition of the ensign, it includes the following ranks of the military:

1. Ensign. The first stage of junior officers. Appearance the shoulder strap also changes, as the two longitudinal stripes are replaced with one that runs from one edge to the other in the middle of the shoulder strap. When a soldier is promoted to the rank of junior lieutenant, three small stars are replaced with one larger one. The star is located clearly on the red line. This title is used in power structures our country, as well as in the military hierarchy abroad.
2. Lieutenant. This title is used not only in the army, but also in such structures of our state as, for example, the police. He is the middle link between a junior lieutenant and a senior. On shoulder straps instead of one star average size there are two. However, not along the red line, but along its sides.
3. Senior lieutenant. A third medium-sized star is added to the shoulder straps, which is located just above the two side ones, on the red central line. it military rank also applies to the junior officer corps, is used both in the security forces and in the armed forces both in our country and on the territory of foreign states.
4. Captain. On the captain's shoulder straps, another, fourth, medium-sized star is added, which is located just above the third and also on the red central line. This title is available both in the ground forces of our country and in navy... Initially, the chiefs of military naval districts were called captains, and later it acquired a modern meaning.

1. Major. The title has one star, an order of magnitude more stars captain or lieutenant. The shoulder strap has two longitudinal red stripes. This rank is the first step in the senior officer corps.
2. Lieutenant colonel. Shoulder straps have two stars located on two red lines. It is the middle step between a major and a colonel. Used in the national army, as well as in law enforcement agencies of many European countries as well as Russia.
3. Colonel. A third star is added on the shoulder straps, located just above the other two. This stage is the final one in the senior officer corps. The name comes from the ancient concept of "regiment", that is, the head of this very regiment. The rank is used in the armed forces of our country, as well as in the power structures. The title exists not only on the territory of Russia, but also in other states.

The senior officers of our country are represented by generals, who also have their own internal military gradation:

1. Major General. This title is the first step in the so-called elite of our military hierarch. Shoulder straps at this stage are crowned with large stars, this title has one such star. The red line now surrounds the entire shoulder strap.
2. Lieutenant General. A soldier of this rank was awarded two large stars on his shoulder straps. Despite the fact that the major is taller than the lieutenant, the lieutenant general in higher system military service will be above Major General.
3. Colonel General. Has three large stars on shoulder straps, located in a row. Represents the middle link between a lieutenant general and an army general.
4. Army General. A soldier of this rank has four large stars. In the USA or Ukraine, it is the highest military rank. However, in countries where there are such ranks as field marshal or marshal, it is in second place in seniority.
5. Marshal of the Russian Federation. The highest military rank in our country. On the shoulder straps there is the coat of arms of the Russian Federation and a star in a range of two colors - gold and silver. This title was established in 1993 by a corresponding decree.

Military ranks and shoulder straps in the naval forces of Russia

The obligations and status in the naval forces are similar to those used in the land forces, but the names of the sailors are different.

Junior ranks:

• foreman 2 articles;
• foreman of 1 article;
• chief petty officer;
• chief ship sergeant;
• midshipman;
• senior midshipman.

Graduation of ranks in the naval forces is as follows (starting with junior officer ranks):

1. Junior lieutenant, there is one stripe in the clearance.
2. The lieutenant has two stars on the sides of the red line.
3. Senior Lieutenant, there are three stars on the shoulder straps.
4. Lieutenant Captain, there are four stars in the skylights.

Average naval officer ranks are subdivided as follows:

1. Captain (3rd rank), there are already two gaps on the shoulder straps of the middle link, and the stars are larger. At this rank, the star is located between the red stripes.
2. Captain (Rank 2), two stars located directly in the skylights.
3. Captain (1st rank), three stars, two on the stripes, one in between.

Composition highest grade characterized by the following ranks:

1. Rear Admiral. Shoulder straps of this rank do not wear gaps, stars are immediately embroidered on them. The size of the star increases again. Soldiers of this rank carry one star.
2. Vice Admiral. There are two stars on the shoulder straps.
3. Admiral. Servicemen of this rank wear three stars on their shoulder straps.
4. Admiral of the Fleet. A soldier awarded this title, which is the highest in the navy, wears one large star on his shoulder straps, which is 4 cm in diameter.

In any case, a soldier must pass the test of time before he can fulfill the duties of higher officials.

Ranks, insignia and shoulder straps of the police of the Russian Federation

The ranks of the Russian police are divided into four groups.
The first group is the junior commanding staff - sergeants, foreman and warrant officers.
The second group is the middle commanding staff - lieutenants and captain.
The third group is the senior commanding staff - major, lieutenant colonel and colonel.
The fourth group - the highest commanding staff - major general, lieutenant general, colonel general and police general of the Russian Federation.
The ranks of police officers are awarded for life. And upon retirement, the attribute “retired” is added to the existing rank at that time (for example, retired captain, retired major or retired colonel, and so on)
The ranks of the RF police are assigned sequentially. The police officer must serve a certain prescribed period. In Russia, all titles are divided into first and next.
The next rank in the Russian Federation is not easy to get. When assigned, it is given Special attention police education. But there are also moments when the next rank can be assigned to a police officer ahead of schedule, for any of his special distinctions for the good of the homeland. Although if a police officer at that time served in the previous rank for less than half of the prescribed period, then the early assignment of the next rank or its promotion is postponed.
All police ranks in Russia, from cadet to police general of the Russian Federation, have their own insignia and shoulder straps. But how to determine the rank and position of a police officer? Here is the following illustrative table:

This table, which is below, is already a little outdated, and has undergone changes, but not significant - on the pursuit of an ordinary and other shoulder straps there is no "police" emblem next to the button, and on the pursuit of the foreman, according to the old, there is a longitudinal wide stripe for the entire shoulder strap, according to the new, the stripe is also longitudinal and wide, but short, which can be clearly seen in the photo above. Well, epaulet "police general Russian Federation»Slightly altered mainly in color. And so, everything is the same - the titles are as they are.

Shoulder straps and ranks of the Russian police

Shoulder straps
Rank

An ordinary policeman -

On the shoulder straps there are distinctive signs - a button and next to it the emblem "police", Police cadets have a distinctive sign on their shoulder straps - letter K

The junior commanding staff are sergeants, foreman and warrant officers.

The shoulder straps of the junior sergeant, sergeant and senior sergeant have rectangular stripes located transversely to the shoulder strap. Two stripes - junior sergeant, three stripes - sergeant, one wide transverse stripe - senior sergeant, the same wide stripe, but only longitudinal - vertical - foreman.

Warrant officers

On the shoulder straps of the ensigns, small stars are placed vertically without gaps, two stars, and three stars. Two stars - ensign. Three stars - senior warrant officer.

Middle commanding staff - lieutenants and captain

There is a vertical red stripe on the shoulder straps, which is called a gap. The stars are small. The military rank is lieutenant. One asterisk is located on the red stripe - junior lieutenant, two asterisks transversely, the stripe between them is lieutenant, three asterisks - two transversely, the third on the stripe is the senior lieutenant, four asterisks are two transversely, and the third and fourth on the stripe is the captain.

Senior Commanding Staff - Major, Lieutenant Colonel and Colonel

There are two gaps on the shoulder straps - red stripes located vertically along the entire shoulder strap.
Large stars from one to three. One star in the middle of the stripes is the major. Two stars located on the stripes themselves transversely - Lieutenant Colonel. Three stars - two on the stripes transversely, one between the stripes slightly ahead of the two - the colonel.

The highest commanding staff - generals and police general of the Russian Federation

The stars are large without gaps.
On shoulder straps, the stars are in an upright position.
One star in the middle - major general two stars - lieutenant general three stars - colonel general. Another even larger large star with a large three-headed coat of arms of Russia is the General of the Police of the Russian Federation.

The terms of service ranks in the Russian police in ascending order are assigned after a certain period of service.
Private - one year of service. The same period of 1 year is for a junior sergeant. 2 years for the rank of sergeant, 3 years for the senior sergeant. Ensign - up to junior lieutenant 5 years old. A junior lieutenant's service is 1 year, a lieutenant's - 2 years, a senior lieutenant's and captain's - 3 years, a major's - 4 years. The lieutenant colonel is 5 years old.
The rank of colonel and general is awarded only for any special merits and distinctions before their native fatherland.
This rule does not apply to the highest rank - General of the Police of the Russian Federation.

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