Violet tricolor - Viola tricolor L.
Field violet - Viola arvensis Murr.
Violet family - Violaceae
Other names:
- pansies
- ivan da marya
- brothers
- tricolor
- field brothers
- semi-color
- axes
Botanical characteristics. One-two-year-old herb with a thin root, a hollow stem, reaching a height of 20-30 cm. Stems are ascending, ending in single flowers. In the violet of the field, all the petals are yellow, the corolla is smaller than the calyx, in the violet of the tricolor, the petals are multi-colored, on long peduncles; usually the upper two are purple, the lower three are yellow or white, and the central part is orange-yellow, the corolla is larger than the calyx. Other shades are also possible. The plant blooms from spring to late autumn, bears fruit from June. The fruit is an oblong-ovoid capsule, cracking into 3 valves.
Spreading. Both types are common in the European part of the country and Western Siberia, the field violet is also found in Eastern Siberia and the Caucasus. The main harvesting is carried out in Belarus, Ukraine. In a smaller volume (less than 1 ton), raw materials are procured in the Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod and Tver regions.
Habitat. In meadows, in ditches, ditches, on forest edges and clearings, in parks, gardens, on chernozem soils (violet tricolor); among crops, in fallow fields as a common field and garden weed (field violet).
Blank. Collect the flowering aerial parts of the plant, cutting them off with a knife at a distance of 5-10 cm from the ground, discarding the lower bare stems. Each type of violet is collected separately. It is not allowed to harvest the herb of the oak tree, which is also popularly called "Ivan-da-Marya". Differs in a higher (up to 50 cm) stem, two-lipped yellow flowers, collected in a spike-shaped raceme, with purple bracts and lanceolate leaves, located opposite.
Standardization. The authenticity and good quality of raw materials are regulated by GF XI.
Security measures. The frequency of procurement of raw materials is 2 years.
Drying. Under a canopy with good ventilation or in attics under an iron roof. The raw materials are spread with a layer of 5-7 cm and mixed periodically. Raw materials are considered dried if the stems break easily when bent. Dry raw material yield 20-22%
External signs. According to GOST and GF XI, raw materials must consist of dried plants, collected in a flowering state, without roots and yellowed root parts. Each type of raw material must be selected in separate lots. The length of leafy stems with flowers is allowed up to 25 cm. The leaves are alternate, slightly pubescent, dentate along the edge, or large-crowned, with two pinnate stipules; the upper ones are oblong, almost sessile. The length of the leaves is up to 6 cm, the width is up to 1 cm, the lower ones are broadly ovate, petiolate. The flowers of the tricolor violet are blue-violet or purple, the field violet is white-yellow. Fruits are solitary, unilocular capsules, cracking into three valves, light brown in color. The color of the leaves and stems is green or dark green. The smell is weak, peculiar. The taste is sweetish, slimy. Reducing the quality of raw materials grinding, various trash impurities. Authenticity is determined by external signs.
Microscopy. Microscopic examination of the leaf from the surface of both types of violets along the veins and along the edge reveals simple soft-warty hairs with thick walls. Along the edge of the leaf, between the teeth and at the ends of the teeth, there are glandular hairs with a multicellular head on a wide multicellular stalk. Numerous large druses are located in the leaf mesophyll
The cells of the epidermis of the petals have papillary outgrowths. Long unicellular hairs are located on the epidermis at the base of the middle and lower petals.
Numerical indicators.Whole raw materials. Extractive substances recoverable by water, not less than 30%; humidity not more than 14%; total ash no more than 13%; ash, insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, no more than 3%; yellowed leaves and stems no more than 7%; the content of other parts of the plant (fruits and roots) in the raw material is not more than 3%. No more than 3% organic and no more than 1% mineral impurities are allowed.
Shredded raw materials. Extractive substances recoverable by water, not less than 30%; humidity not more than 14%; total ash no more than 13%; ash, insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, no more than 3%; yellowed pieces of leaves and stems no more than 7%; other parts of the plant (fruits, roots) no more than 3%; particles that do not pass through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm, no more than 10%; particles passing through a sieve with holes of 0.5 mm, no more than 10%; organic impurity no more than 3%; mineral impurity no more than 1%.
Chemical composition. Flavonoids Violoquercitrin (rutin) Vitexin, Arientin. Rutin content: in leaves - up to 0.15%, in stems - up to 0.1%, in roots - 0.05%, in seeds and flowers - traces. The anthocyanin glycoside violanin was found in the flowers. The alkaloid violaemetin was found in the roots. During flowering, the herb contains carotenoids (violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, auroxanthin, flavoxanthin), saponins, ascorbic acid, and a little essential oil consisting mainly of salicylic acid methyl ester. Also contains polysaccharides (mucus) up to 25%.
Storage. In dry, well-ventilated areas. Shelf life is 3 years.
Pharmacological properties. The violet herb has expectorant and diuretic properties. The roots have an emetic effect, which is attributed to the alkaloid violaemetin. Under the influence of violet preparations, the secretion of the bronchial glands increases and the sputum is diluted, its secretion is facilitated.
Medicines. They are used alone in the form of infusions and mixed with other medicinal plants of similar action.
Application. As a diuretic and expectorant for coughs, whooping cough, bronchitis. Per recent times pharmacological tests have shown significant antiallergic activity medicines made from violets.
Applied as an expectorant in the form of infusion (10.0: 200.0), 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
Due to the variety of biologically active substances, the tricolor violet herb is successfully used in cosmetology: in the form of infusion and lotions for oily seborrhea of the face and scalp; in the treatment of abrasions, pustular diseases.
or pansies
Violet family - Violaceae
Popular names are pansies, brothers, merry eyes, earth-flowering, tricolor, ivan-da-marya.
Parts used - stems, leaves, flowers.
Pharmacy name - herb of tricolor violet - Violae tricoloris herba (earlier: Herba Violae tricoloris).
Botanical description
Violet tricolor (Pansies) is an annual or biennial, and field violet is an annual herb with a thin taproot. The stem is simple or branched, erect or ascending, 10-40cm in height.
The leaves are alternate with two pinnate stipules. The lower ones are broadly ovate, petiolate, the upper ones are lanceolate, with short petioles, almost sessile. The color of the leaves and stems is green or dark green, the fruit is light brown. The smell is weak, peculiar, the taste is sweetish, with a sensation of slimy.
Flowers solitary on long pedicels emerging from leaf axils, with double perianth, irregular. There are five sepals; the corolla consists of five irregular petals. The upper ones are blue-violet or yellow, the lateral ones are lighter, the lower petal is larger than the others, yellow at the base, with dark stripes, purple along the edge with a curved bag-shaped spur. There are five stamens with very short filaments. One pistil with an upper unilocular ovary. The fruit is an oblong-ovoid capsule that opens with three valves, which then deviate horizontally. They bloom from April to autumn, the fruits ripen from June.
Pansies (Violet tricolor) grow among shrubs, in light pine and small-leaved forests, especially on sandy and sandy loam soils, are found in dry meadows and especially often in forest glades and forest edges, as weeds in fields and gardens. Violet tricolor has found wide application in landscapes. Distributed in the forest, forest-steppe, less often in the steppe zones of the European part of Russia, found in Western Siberia, in the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions. Field violet has a slightly larger area. It is also found in the Caucasus, and is more widespread in Western Siberia. The main areas for the procurement of raw materials are in Belarus and Ukraine.
Active ingredients
The tricolor violet herb contains flavonoids (violantin, vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, isoorientin, vicetin, peonidin 3-glycoside, rutin). The flowers contain anthocyanin glycosides (violanin, which, upon hydrolysis, breaks down into delphinidin, glucose, rhamnose, and oxycinnamic acid). There are carotenoids, traces of essential oil containing salicylic acid methyl ester, saponins, vitamin C, mucus, ursolic acid, tannins.
Collection and drying
The aerial part is harvested during flowering in May - June, cutting off the stems with a knife or sickle, and folded loosely, without compaction, into baskets or bags. Dried in a well-ventilated room, in attics, spreading out in a layer 5-7 cm thick and stirring occasionally. Drying is complete when the stems become brittle. In order to avoid increased crushing, the dried raw materials are left in a heap for 2-3 days, and then they are already packed.
Healing action and application
WITH therapeutic purpose used by medicinal herb(stems, leaves, flowers), which is harvested during the flowering period and used as a decoction and tea. It has an expectorant, antispasmodic, choleretic and diuretic, blood-purifying and enveloping, diaphoretic and anti-inflammatory effect, disinfects the urinary tract, improves skin metabolism, and reduces vascular permeability.
Tea made from the herb of tricolor violets is drunk for kidney diseases, lung diseases, gout and arthrosis, articular rheumatism, cold cough and as an expectorant. And also for gastritis, diathesis, various skin diseases, metabolic disorders and catarrh of the bladder, for all skin diseases in children, it is also recommended to cleanse the blood. The course of tea treatment is several weeks. For skin diseases, it is advised to simultaneously wash with the same tea.
Recipes
- Tricolor violet tea. 2h spoon of pharmaceutical raw materials pour 1 / 4l hot water and let it brew for 10 minutes. Take 3 glasses a day. You can also mix tricolor violet in equal parts with linden leaves and drink tea from this mixture for prevention of hypothermia.
- 10g of raw materials pour 200ml of boiling water, let it brew for 1 hour, strain and take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day after meals for catarrh of the respiratory tract, cough, bronchitis, whooping cough, rheumatism, gout, atherosclerosis, cystitis.
- Pour 20g of herb with 200ml of boiling water, let it brew for 1 hour, strain and make lotions for skin rashes, abscesses on the skin, itching, except for the appointment inside. Herbal decoction in the form of baths is prescribed for exudative diathesis in children.
- Napar (water infusion) - pour 1 tablespoon of crushed raw materials with 1 glass of boiling water and let it brew for 1 hour. Strain and take 0.5 cups or 1 cup 3 times a day. As a blood purifier for various skin diseases (eczema, boils, rashes).
- Pour 1 part of chopped herbs with 10 parts of boiling water, insist, strain and take chilled 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day. For diseases of the bladder, urolithiasis.
- Blood-purifying tea. Grind and mix - 15g dandelion root, 10g each of tricolor violets and buckthorn bark, 5g each - elderberry flowers, fennel and horsetail fruits. Pour the mixture into 1 liter of boiling water and let it brew for 1 hour. Strain and take 0.4 cups 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals.
Violet tricolor (lat.Víola trícolor) or pansies is an annual or biennial herb of the Violet family (Violaceae).
Stems 10-35 cm high, erect or ascending, simple or branched, shortly pubescent with curved hairs downward.
The leaves are alternate, simple, oblong or ovate-cordate, serrated along the edge (the upper ones are serrate). Relatively large stipules are located at the base of the leaves.
Flowers axillary, irregular, bisexual, on long peduncles, different in color (blue, yellow, purple). The corolla is five-lobed. The upper petals are purple or blue-violet. The side ones are lighter or bluer. The lower petal is yellow with 5-7 dark stripes. Blooms from late May to August.
The fruit is an oblong-ovate, greenish unilocular capsule. Seeds are small, light brown. Fruit ripening begins in June.
It has a thin, weakly branched, tap, brownish root, which penetrates almost vertically into the ground.
Violet tricolor grows in dry meadows, among bushes, like a weed in fields and gardens. Distributed almost throughout Europe, in the Caucasus, Far East, in Western Siberia, Asia Minor.
For medical purposes, the field violet (Viola arvensis Murr.) Is also used, which is used in the same way as the tricolor violet. In violets, the upper petal is usually white, less often light purple, and the rest are yellow, the corolla is equal in length to the calyx or less.
Widespread weed of spring and winter crops, perennial herbs... Both violets are native to Europe, but have spread like weeds throughout the globe.
This valuable and flowering plant can be grown in your garden or country house. To do this, you need to select appropriate place
with loose, nutritious, loamy soil and light shade.
Violet is propagated seedling method(by the type of well-known garden forms). For this, the seeds are sown in June-July in cold greenhouses. Sow in shallow grooves, slightly embedding in the soil.
The emerging seedlings are thinned out (feeding area 8 × 8 cm), at the end of August they are planted in rows in a permanent place. Row spacing 60 cm and 25-30 cm in a row. Violet loves good care(weed removal, loosening) and moisture. Plants winter well and bloom early.
Collection and procurement of medicinal raw materials
For medicinal purposes, tricolor violets are used and harvested. Harvesting of raw materials is carried out during the flowering of the plant. The cut above-ground part is laid out thin layer and dried under a canopy in the open air or in a well-ventilated area. The smell of raw materials is weak, peculiar, the taste is sweetish with a sensation of sliminess. Dry raw materials are stored in closed glass jars... The shelf life is 1.5 years. Supplied by pharmacies.
Biochemical composition
Violet herb contains flavone glycoside, violaquercetin and anthocyanin glycoeids - delphinidin, peonidin, violanin; a small amount of essential oil, consisting of methyl ester and salicylic acid; carotenoids, violaxanthin; ascorbic acid, violaemetin alkaloid, saponins, tannins, mucous polysaccharides.
The healing properties of violets
Violet tricolor has anti-inflammatory properties, which are associated with the presence of pharmacologically active essential oil and mucus-like substances in the aerial part of the plant, which have an antiseptic effect in the gastrointestinal tract, enhance the secretion of the bronchial glands and facilitate the excretion of sputum. Saponins determine the bronchodilator, expectorant and diuretic properties of the plant.
When taking violet preparations, in addition to the local anti-inflammatory effect, there is also some antispasmodic and choleretic effect.
Application in traditional medicine
Violet tricolor has long been popular as a magic and healing flower... V Ancient Greece it was believed that the wine infused with it gives strength and vigor, protects "in the face of evil forces." Since ancient times, Russian healers have advised "sick hearts" to drink tea from the flowers of the tricolor violet to relieve heart pains. Drink it long and hard, many times a day.
Wild pansies are used in traditional and folk medicine as a remedy for many diseases: scrofula, cough, hernia, toothache and many others. It is especially good in children's practice for colds, coughs, asthma, allergies.
In the treatment of diseases, the tricolor violet can be used as one plant, or as part of a collection with other medicinal plants.
For cystitis, pyelonephritis, kidney stones, tricolor violet can be used together with hop cones and lingonberry leaves.
In the treatment of chronic eczema, dermatitis, psoriasis, tricolor violet is used in a mixture with centaury small, medicinal smoke, bittersweet nightshade, marsh wild rosemary, European hoofed grass.
In the treatment of scrofula and diathesis, tricolor violet is also used in combination with other medicinal herbs- a series of tripartite and bittersweet nightshade. This mixture of herbs is called averin tea.
Freshly squeezed juice of the grass of violets lubricate rashes with impetigo, herpes, pustular eruptions, aphthous ulcers in the oral cavity and on the genitals.
Infusion of violet tricolor: 1 tablespoon of dry chopped herbs, pour 1 cup of boiling water, wrap and insist until cool, then strain. Drink 0.5 cups, 3-4 times a day. An infusion of tricolor violet herb is taken for colds, inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys, as a blood purifier for various skin diseases (eczema, boils, rashes).
You can steam a violet in a thermos 1-2 tablespoons pour 500 ml of boiling water, let it stand for 1-2 hours - drink the infusion during the day.
Tricolor violet herb tea mixed with grass, leaves walnut and strawberries are given after a difficult birth to a woman in labor. Take each plant in an equal amount, mix everything, then pour 50-60 g of the mixture with 1 liter of boiling water and insist. Drink 5-6 times a day, half a glass. This tea cleanses the blood and uterus from postpartum secretions.
As a means of stimulating the activity of the kidneys, diuretic, partly diaphoretic and blood-purifying, tea (infusion) from the herb of tricolor violets is drunk for rheumatism, scrofula, rickets, lung diseases, for gout, arthritis, articular rheumatism.
In addition, an infusion (napar) of a tricolor violet is drunk with a cold cough and as an expectorant. Especially the violet infusion has proven itself well in the treatment of coughs and colds in children. Insist according to this recipe: pour 10-12 g of dry chopped violets with 1 glass of boiling water, cover tightly and insist. Drink 3-4 times a day. Small children should not be given more than 1 glass of this infusion per day.
Tea (infusion) from tricolor violets in folk medicine is used as a blood purifier for sexually transmitted diseases. After drinking the infusion of violets, urine has a specific odor, somewhat similar to that of a cat.
Due to its astringent and anti-inflammatory effect, the herb of violet tricolor is successfully used in cosmetology. They use it in the form of infusion and lotions for dry and oily seborrhea of the face and head, in the treatment of pustular skin diseases.
When treating dry seborrhea, the herb of tricolor violets is poured vegetable oil(1: 5), infused for 2 hours, heated in a water bath for 30 minutes and filtered. By this violet oil lubricate the scalp. After washing your hair, it is useful to rinse them with a decoction of tricolor violets in combination with other medicinal plants.
For dry skin of the face as an emollient and rejuvenating agent, use violet oil prepared in the following way... 3 tbsp tricolor violet flowers, 150 g sunflower oil, insist in a closed vessel for 3 weeks in a dark place at room temperature. Then it is poured into a dark glass dish.
Violet tricolor - contraindications
Excessive use of large doses can irritate the intestines. You can not use tricolor violet for a long time, i.e. More than a month. If it is necessary to continue treatment, it is necessary to take a break for 1 month, and then continue.
Application, recipes and properties medicinal violets tricolor (Pansies).Refers to treatment plant violet tricolor to the family: Violet.
In various regions of our country violet tricolor called differently: brother and sister, magpie, pansies, tricolor, wild brothers, scrofula, moths, Kamchug, Ivan and Marya, half-color, axes.
VIOLET THREE-COLORED
is an annual small herbaceous plant, which reaches a height of about thirty cm, with lanceolate serrated - extreme opposite leaves and ribbed branching stems.
On long pedicels, single flowers have a pair of upper and lateral and large (one). Lower petals wild violet tricolor flowers differ from garden violets, they are much smaller and are always colored in several different colors... Is growing violet in the Caucasus, Western Siberia, the Far East, Scandinavia, countries of Eastern Europe, in Central Europe and the Atlantic.
HEALING PROPERTIES OF THE VIOLET. BENEFIT. In the aerial parts of the plant, scientists have found a high content of acid and its derivatives (violutosides), which have anti-inflammatory powerful impact. Yet, violet tricolor has flavonoids and tannins, anthocyanosides are useful for relief a coughing fit- mucous substances.
Violet tricolor is treated (Pansies): urolithiasis, inflammation of the oral cavity, acute respiratory infections, skin diseases,.
PREPARATION OF THREE-COLORED VIOLET. Herbalists start collecting violets before blooming, dried and used as infusions and decoctions... In pharmacies based on violets tricolor presented powders, gelatin capsules, syrups.
Violet tricolor. Benefit and harm. Video
Indications for use of tricolor violets. Violet tricolor has anti-inflammatory activity. Salicylic acid is widely used for treatment in rheumatology, dermatology, skin diseases. The mucous substances of the violet soften and soothe the cough with and.
Violet tricolor. Beneficial features... Video
Antiallergic and expectorant with tricolor violet. Insist one to two parts of the herb in three to four parts vodka; twenty - thirty drops of tincture three times 3 r. per day.
Scrofula, herbal treatment: n ado grind and mix twenty grams. violets of tricolor grass and succession of leaves in, 3 parts ; for 1 liter. boiling water - 3 tablespoons of Art. mixture, bring to a boil and insist.
Be healthy!
Violet tricolor, treatment with tricolor violet. Video
Violet tricolor: medicinal properties and application
Good day to you, dear readers of my blog. Surely you have heard of this medicinal plant, how is Violet tricolor ?! Today we will talk about its medicinal properties and use in traditional medicine.
Violet tricolor | Víola trícolor | Violet
● The plant is known under several popular names: Pansies, Ivan da Marya, Kamchug, Sorokaneduzhnik, Troyetka, Scrofula. A simple plant with delicate and lovely flowers will not leave without sensual attention the soul of a person in love with nature. No wonder many regions of Russia and the CIS countries have given a wonderful name - pansies. Violet tricolor - one of early plants and, like snowdrops, immediately after the snow appear here and there, although no other plants are visible around.
● An annual herb with a straight stem, the lower leaves are ovoid on petioles, and the upper leaves are elongated and almost without petioles. The main distinctive feature tricolor violets are large flowers with a spur. The corolla of the flower consists of five petals: one lower is bluish-white with stripes, the pharynx is yellow, the upper two are purple, and the two lateral ones are blue. An amazing beauty with a small stature - 15-20 centimeters. Violet begins to bloom early - from April to August (quite a long time!). During these months it is harvested. For medicinal purposes, the entire aerial part of the plant is used. And you need to look for a violet on the outskirts of fields and meadows.
Medicinal properties of violet tricolor and its use in folk medicine
● In the old days in Russia (especially in the countryside) people were often sick with scrofula. To treat this disease, healers used a train, its decoctions and bathing children in them. Then they began to add bittersweet nightshade to the sequence, as a result of which the result of the treatment was improved. Well, when they began to add a tricolor violet to the collection, called Averin tea, things very quickly went smoothly.
● Averin tea: chop four parts tricolor violets and a string, one part bittersweet nightshade herb. Pour a glass of boiling water over one tablespoon of the collection and leave for half an hour. After straining, take 3-4 times a day before meals in a tablespoon.
● Violet tricolor has a beneficial effect on hacking dry cough. Infusions of the plant increase the secretory activity of the bronchial glands, dilute phlegm, thereby improving its expectoration. Infusions activate metabolic processes, improve urine and sweating. These properties were found in the treatment of tricolor scrofula with violet. When using the roots of the plant, only their laxative properties were revealed. Thus, it is more expedient to use the tricolor violet for those accompanied by the problem of coughing up, as well as for skin diseases, especially with scrofula.
● When treating skin diseases (, abscesses, rashes, acne), infusions should be taken orally, and for external use (washing), use decoctions. The expectorant and antitussive effect of the tricolor violet turned out to be so effective that in official medicine began to produce a drug from it called trivolin.
● In the nature around us, you can come across a plant that looks like a tricolor violet. This is a field violet, which, unlike the first, has small, whitish-yellow flowers. In the field violet there is no tricolor - tricolor. Please note that excessive consumption of field violets can lead to discomfort in the gastrointestinal tract and even.
Recipes for the preparation of infusions and decoctions of tricolor violets
● Fill with a liter cold water three tablespoons of the plant, bring to a boil and simmer for half an hour. Insist 10 minutes and strain. Use for baths and douches for skin conditions.
● Antique remedy for lubrication of skin areas affected by scrofula. Grind and mix one tablespoon of budra and two tablespoons of tricolor violet herb. Cook the resulting mixture for ten minutes in 150 ml. sunflower oil, leave for 24 hours and strain.
● For more wide range For action in the treatment of skin diseases, use the following recipe. Grind and mix equal parts centaury and tricolor violet, equal parts, clefthoof leaves, bittersweet nightshade grass, herbs. Pour half a liter of boiling water over two tablespoons of the collection, leave for 20 minutes and strain. Take half a glass three times a day before meals.
You will find more information about the tricolor violet in Wikipedia.
Be healthy, and may the Lord God help you in this !!!