There were 509 thousand cases of complaints about tick sucking, which is 5.8% higher than last year and 2.4% higher than the average long-term values. Tick bites were reported in all subjects. Russian Federation, with the exception of the Nenets and Chukotka Autonomous Districts.
Diseases of tick-borne viral encephalitis (TVE) in 2017 were registered in 52 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, imported cases of TVE were noted in non-endemic territories. Cases of ixodic tick-borne borelliosis (IKB) were registered in 73 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, 1943 cases of TVE were registered (incidence rate per 100 thousand population -1.33), 6717 cases of ITB (4.59 per 100 thousand population), 31 cases of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HAG), 19 cases of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (MECH).
Annually, in 2011-2017 from 28 to 47 deaths from tick-borne viral encephalitis were recorded. In 2017, 28 deaths were registered in 14 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, one of them among children (Krasnoyarsk Territory). The reasons for the deaths were the lack of vaccination against TVE and the late seeking of medical help. In 2017, the lowest incidence of ITB was observed for the entire observation period since 2000. When analyzing the distribution of morbidity by age in the epidemic season of 2017, it was revealed that the majority of those infected with tick-borne infections are the adult population, mainly people over 50 years old (43.5%). Ticks infected with borrelia are found almost throughout the country., In 2017, positive findings on the MEC were found in 55 subjects (2016 - 45), on the GAC - 58 subjects of the Russian Federation (2016 - 53). %).
For the purpose of non-specific prophylaxis, the areas of anti-mite treatments of territories are annually increased. Compared to 2011, the volume of treatments in the country has more than doubled. Over the past 3 years, 48130 people have applied to medical organizations in the city of Moscow with complaints of tick sucking, of which 9069 are children under 17 years old.
For the period 2015-2017 in Moscow, 41 cases of TVE were registered, all cases of diseases were confirmed by laboratory. In 2017, 14 imported cases of tick-borne viral encephalitis were registered in Moscow. Of those infected with tick-borne viral encephalitis, 13 people are adults who leave for rest and work in endemic areas without preventive vaccinations. One case of latent tick-borne viral encephalitis was registered in a 13-year-old child (VAO), tick sucking occurred when leaving the territory of the Tver region. Infection of the sick occurred in the endemic territories of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Crimea, Altai, Karelia, Krasnoyarsk, Perm Territories, Kostroma, Tver, Irkutsk, Pskov, Kaluga regions and in other countries (Germany and Poland).
In 2017, pathogens were identified in the department of especially dangerous infections of the microbiological laboratory of the FBUZ "TsGiE in Moscow" tick-borne encephalitis in 2 ticks delivered by the population from endemic territories (Tver and Moscow regions, Dmitrovsky district); In the study of ticks delivered by the population, pathogens of tick-borne borreliosis were found in 1010 ticks; received 171 positive results in the study of ticks for granulocytic anaplasmosis and 20 for monocytic ehrlichiosis. In most cases, tick-borne borreliosis infection occurs when Muscovites leave for rest in the Moscow region, however, since 2003, cases of tick-borne borreliosis infection have begun to be recorded in Moscow. For the period 2015 -2017 2873 cases of tick-borne borreliosis were registered, of which 113 are local cases of tick-borne borreliosis. In 2017, infection of Muscovites with tick-borne borreliosis occurred mainly in the territory of the Moscow region, 61.4%; in 24.6% of cases, the infection occurred in the territories of other regions of Russia, in 5.4% of the infection with tick-borne borreliosis occurred in the territories of other states. 30 cases of infection were registered on the territory of Moscow - 3.8%.
In 2017, 3 cases of tick-borne viral encephalitis and 80 cases of ixodic tick-borne borelliosis were registered among residents of ZAO Moscow.
In 2017, work was carried out to collect and study ixodid ticks from the territory of the forest between Rublevskoye shosse, st. Krylatskaya, st. Autumn, Moscow Ring Road and Central Design Bureau (Marshal Timoshenko Street). Per Aug. Sept In 2018, 227 ticks were collected from vegetation, of which 225 were I. ricinus, 1 - I. persulcatus, 1 - Dermacentor reticularis. Tick-borne encephalitis virus was detected in 5 ticks (3.4% of the total of the examined ticks caught in the forest along the street. Autumn). In addition, the tick-borne encephalitis virus was found in a tick taken from a person walking in this forest park. Infection of ticks with borellias was 36.2%. In October 2017, in a forest along the street. In the autumn, small mammals were caught. 44 animals were caught, of which the tick-borne encephalitis virus was found in the brain tissues of 2 bank voles.
In connection with the deterioration of the epidemiological situation for diseases transmitted by ixodic ticks, the Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated November 17, 2015 No. 78 "On the approval of sanitary and epidemiological rules SP 3.1.3310-15" a set of organizational, sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures, the implementation of which ensures the prevention of the occurrence and spread of infections transmitted by ixodid ticks. "
In order to carry out measures for the prevention of tick-borne encephalitis and tick-borne borreliosis, it is necessary:
1. Conducting sanitary and educational work with the population with the involvement of district funds mass media and the placement of materials on the prevention of tick-borne infections on the websites of administrations, in the district and district print media.
2. Implementation of measures for non-specific prophylaxis of tick-borne diseases: clearing the forest area from dead wood, debris, mowing last year's grass along the paths used by the population for walking in the forest after the snow melts. The question of carrying out these activities on the territory of the forest along the street. Autumn has not been resolved to date.
3. Carrying out regular mowing of grass on lawns and near playgrounds, in fenced areas of residential buildings located near woodlands, including woodland along the street. Autumn, on the territory of ZAO Moscow.
4. Conducting local acaricidal treatments on the territory of parks and forest parks in ZAO Moscow.
Nature is beautiful at any time of the year. But if in winter a person only threatens to freeze, then in the spring-summer period all kinds of insects are activated. Some of the most dangerous are ticks.
Tick activity is high both in spring and summer. As soon as the sun begins to warm the ground and green foliage appears on the trees, they appear everywhere.
They are no different in this regard and such big cities like Moscow or St. Petersburg. The period of activity of ticks in the Moscow region begins in the spring, and residents leaving the city en masse should know what a meeting with insects can threaten.
Caution ... the tick
It is not the ticks themselves that are dangerous, but the diseases they carry. In the Russian Federation, two types of ticks have been recorded that carry such a formidable disease as tick-borne encephalitis.
Taiga tick, distribution zone - Siberia and the Far East Dog tick, zone of activity - European part Russia, as well as European countries.
In addition to encephalitis, ticks can ...
0 0
The periods of activity of ticks by month are something that should be remembered by lovers of various recreation and just walking in nature. These insects, sometimes even invisible to the naked eye, can cause irreparable harm to the human body. When ticks appear, all outings must be accompanied by appropriate safety measures.
Why is a tick bite dangerous?
Numerous species of ticks that live in our nature belong to the class of arachnids, but they practically do not look like spiders. They differ in the structure of the body, the way of nutrition and life cycle... Most of them are microscopic in size and are not at all dangerous to humans. Small mites in the forest feed on berries, plant sap, dead organic matter and themselves serve as food for larger species. Moreover, lovers of fresh berries like blackberries, blueberries or raspberries often eat small, almost invisible mites along with berries, and this is completely harmless to ...
0 0
Over the past period of 2017, the number of people who applied to medical and preventive organizations in the city of Kerch for tick bites is only 98 people, of which 53 are children under 14 years old. In the Leninsky District, 37 people applied for tick bites, including 21 children under 14 years old. Despite the fact that clinically confirmed cases of tick-borne encephalitis in the city of Kerch and Leninsky district in 2016-2017. not registered, the issue of prevention remains relevant.
Nonspecific individual (personal) protection of people includes adherence to the rules of conduct in a territory dangerous for ticks (conduct self- and mutual examinations every 10-15 minutes to detect ticks; it is not recommended to sit down and lie down on the grass; after returning from the forest or before spending the night it is necessary take off clothes, carefully examine the body and clothes; it is not recommended to bring freshly cut plants, outerwear and other objects into the room, on which there may be ...
0 0
Tick activity in the Moscow region The first wave of activation of blood-sucking insects occurs in the spring and summer. After the melting of snow masses, during the settled warm weather, and the temperature varies from 8 to 15 degrees.
Due to the fact that the prevention of treatment is observed with violations or its timing, the activity of ticks in the Moscow region may be shifted with shifted dates. Deforestation and climatic changes can negatively affect the situation as a whole, and the number of individuals under the influence of some factors only increases. Spraying insecticides should be carried out in a well-defined time frame and take place with a certain regularity, since after a month active ingredients lose their properties.
When visiting parks, forests and recreation areas, regardless of whether there are trees there, you need to follow some rules that serve as protective measures and help to avoid bites.
The period of activity of ticks Moscow region
...0 0
The period of the greatest activity of ticks
Second period ...
0 0
Tick activity: when to fear them
To enjoy forest walks in warm seasons, you need to know the activity of ticks by month, as well as how to protect yourself from them.
With the onset of warm days, everything in nature comes to life, and ticks are no exception. Walking through the forest, it is easy to meet this representative of blood-sucking insects. The period of activity of ticks begins after the temperature exceeds +5 - 6 ° C, which means that already in April, ticks are waiting for their first victims. They love these insects and humidity, massive melting of snow and spring streams are very conducive to their awakening.
Ticks are activated as soon as the temperature gets warmer 5 - 6 degrees
European forest ticks wake up in April - May, ending ...
0 0
Nevertheless, in the cold season, due to the extremely low number of the most frost-resistant active individuals, ticks are not as scary as in the period from early May to late June. It is this time that is the period of the greatest activity of ticks. As a rule, in May, the soil temperature already reaches 7 ° C, and the humidity remains at 80% - this is a sure sign that young individuals should leave their secluded dens and go hunting.
At the end of summer, the second period of tick activity begins - the time from the end of August to September. The greatest danger in August-September is posed by dog ticks, however, a person also needs to be on the alert, since the degree of activity ...
0 0
10
Anyone knows that there are certain times of the year when visiting forests and parks becomes especially dangerous: this is the time when ticks become active. This is dangerous because a sucked tick can become infected and transfer very serious diseases to humans.
When ticks are especially active
It is important that the activity of ticks is not so much a calendar phenomenon (clear time boundaries of activity cannot be established), but rather a weather one. Warm (from 7 to 22 degrees) days and ...
0 0
If finding a tick on yourself is not particularly difficult for a person, it is enough just not to be too lazy to carefully examine yourself after returning from a walk, then it is much more difficult to do this on the thick fur of animals.
The time of tick activity in the temperate zones of our country takes up almost the entire warm season. As soon as the ambient temperature in the daytime is confidently maintained above zero, eggs begin to hatch ...
0 0
12
Tick-borne encephalitis is a natural focal viral infection that affects the gray matter of the brain and the nervous system. Serious exacerbations of this infection can lead to paralysis and death. A few hours after the bite of a tick-carrier of encephalitis, a person's health deteriorates sharply, his body temperature rises, often accompanied by loss of consciousness. If you do not provide a person with timely assistance, he will inevitably die.
Experts say that people who often go to the forest are at risk of catching a disease mite on any open area nature.
Ticks usually live in tall grass and small bushes. It is extremely rare that ticks can be at a height of more than one meter. Most often, ticks are found in swampy areas with deciduous trees, where people (mushroom pickers, hunters, etc.) most often appear.
Ticks attack humans quite simply. They are located on a stem, blade of grass or a branch, being ...
0 0
13
Over the spring, tens of thousands of Russians turned to medical institutions for help. And although in 2017 there is no excess of average values, the number of those bitten is estimated at an impressive figure - about 60,000, Rospotrebnadzor reports.
"Imported" encephalitis ticks that stuck to people in Moscow and the Moscow region are mainly ticks brought from the Tver, Kostroma, Yaroslavl regions, said L. Karan, a researcher at the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor.
It is in these places that Muscovites have many summer cottages, and the spread of ticks in these regions is high.
Due to the danger of encephalitis tick bites, possible severe consequences, experts strongly recommend timely vaccinations.
The department has compiled a list according to 2017 data - it contains almost 50 areas, in which especially high probability get an encephalitis tick bite. There is also a list of safe regions for the distribution of these arthropods.
0 0
15
Are ticks dangerous in September - trying to figure it out
Lovers of forest walks are well aware that insect activity increases in the warm season. And if the bites of some don't do much harm the human body then contact with ticks, for example, can have serious consequences. They start talking about these bloodsuckers everywhere in April-May - they cause harm to the health of people and animals. But our readers are wondering if ticks are dangerous in September? Unfortunately, this is not an idle question, but a very relevant one, since understanding the answer to it, sometimes, nothing less can save a person's life. Consideration more important topics, among other things, it will also clarify the situation with the fact whether it is possible to be in the forest without protective clothing in the warm season? Also, you will learn what preventive measures need to be taken so that the tick does not stick to you?
Here it is an encephalitis tick - a very dangerous bloodsucker
You need to know the enemy "by sight"
So, the most important thing is the ticks in ...0 0
16
Tick-borne encephalitis
Tick-borne encephalitis is an acute viral disease nervous system... Its main sources are ixodid ticks of two species - taiga and European forest ticks. The peak incidence of encephalitis occurs in spring (May-June) and late summer and early autumn (August-September).
Tick-borne encephalitis is sometimes called differently - spring-summer, taiga, Siberian, Russian. Synonyms have arisen due to the characteristics of the disease. Spring-summer, because the peak incidence occurs during the warm season, when ticks are most active. The first peak of the disease is recorded in May-June, the second -...
0 0
17
Tick bites can cause Lyme disease (tick-borne borreliosis) or viral tick-borne encephalitis. / Photo: UNIAN
Tick bites can cause Lyme disease (tick-borne borreliosis) or viral tick-borne encephalitis. For four months of this year, 140 cases of Lyme disease have already been registered, which exceeds last year's figures by almost 24%.
The season of activity of ixodid ticks begins in March, lasts until November and has two pronounced peaks of activity during the year - in April-May and August-September.
Ticks feed on the blood of humans and animals. The tick sticks in for 15-20 minutes, during which time it releases an anesthetic fluid, which makes the bite almost painless. Only later, as a rule, after a few hours there is a feeling of pain or discomfort at the site of the bite. A tick can stay on the body of a person or animal for up to 12 days. Adult ticks that have sucked are most often noticed after 2-3 days: swelling, itching, ...
0 0
18
Ixodid ticks are carriers of pathogens (viruses, bacteria, protozoa) of natural focal diseases (tick-borne encephalitis, Lyme borreliosis, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, tularemia, babesiosis, etc.). On the territory of Russia, there are about 60 species of ixodids, of which the taiga tick Ixodes Persulcatus and the forest tick Iricinus have the greatest epidemiological significance as carriers of the virus of tick-borne spring-summer encephalitis and borrelia, the causative agents of Lyme borreliosis. V middle lane first ticks appear in early spring v sunny days on thawed patches, the peak in the number of mature ticks occurs in May - June. The forest tick also has a second period of activity - in August-September, but the number of ticks at this time is somewhat lower than in spring. It is at this time that ticks often attack humans. Ticks concentrate along paths and crawl onto humans from vegetation.
It should be remembered that ticks stick ...
0 0
19
Tick-borne encephalitis is a severe infectious disease that is transmitted to humans from encephalitis ticks. The cause of the disease is the ticks of the ixodid family. After being bitten by a tick infected with the virus, encephalitis develops after several weeks. Both people and pets are ill with encephalitis. Forest workers, builders, tourists, and all those whose occupation takes place in the forest belt where ticks live are at risk of getting sick.
The causes of tick-borne encephalitis
The disease develops after a person is bitten by an infected tick, as well as in case of accidental crushing of a tick that has already adhered to the body, when eating unboiled infected homemade milk. A tick can be caught not only in a forest or park area, but you can bring it with branches, or it can get on the fur of pets, and at home it is already sucked on human skin.
Tick-borne encephalitis symptoms
Disease development ...
0 0
20
The bite of an ixodid tick can not only ruin your mood and leave an ugly mark, but also seriously harm your health. Ticks are carriers of two of the most dangerous diseases - encephalitis and Lyme disease. Rehabilitation after them takes long time and sometimes these diseases lead to disability. To avoid tick bites and to protect yourself, you should be aware of their activity in different period of the year.
When should you be afraid of ticks?
Mite on a blade of grass
The activity of ticks is uneven over the months. In the winter season, when the temperature does not rise to + 5 degrees, ticks are dormant and are not dangerous for people and animals. But the first warming, and especially the beginning of snow melting, triggers the process of their awakening. During this period, they are not yet dangerous and are in a sedentary state.
The situation changes when the temperature at night and during the day exceeds +5 degrees. Full activity can be observed already at the beginning of April. The probability of a bite decreases only by the beginning of July. After all,...
0 0
21
In Russia, the number of tick bites increased sharply in July. In the last week alone, about 60 thousand people have turned to the country's doctors. To date, since the spring of this year, 350 thousand bites have been registered, of which 566 are cases of viral encephalitis.
Ticks attack everywhere. The most dangerous regions for infection with tick-borne infections in Russia are Far East, Siberia and the Urals. However, experts note a decrease in tick-borne activity.
In the Chelyabinsk region, the number of people who applied to medical institutions with a tick bite as of July 11 of this year is 16,783 people. Of these, 3749 are children and adolescents. Rospotrebnadzor in the Chelyabinsk region reported five victims of tick-borne encephalitis. All cases were not vaccinated.
During the current period, residents of South Urals brought 4613 ticks to the laboratory for testing for infections. As it turned out, 3% of them are infected with encephalitis, and 19% are infected with borreliosis.
Note that in July in the Urals ...
0 0
- What is the situation with tick bites this year compared to the same period last year?
- As of May 19, almost 500 more people turned to medical institutions of the city with tick bites than at the same time in 2013 - 1,512 people. As usual, 30–35 percent of this total were children.
- Why are ticks so active?
0 0
25
Tick-borne encephalitis (encephalitis of the spring-summer type, taiga encephalitis) is a viral infection that affects the central and peripheral nervous system. Severe complications of an acute infection can result in paralysis and death.
It is caused by the filterable neurotropic tick-borne encephalitis virus. Its clinical picture was first described by A.G. Panov. The virus persists well when low temperatures and is easily destroyed when heated above 70 ° C.
Russian virologists L.A. Zilber, M.P. Chumakov, A.K. Shubladze and others allocated a large number of strains of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (in foreign literature it is reasonably called Russian encephalitis), its properties have been studied, and methods of transmission to humans have been established. The transmitters of the virus and its reservoir in nature are ixodid ticks (Ixodes persulcatus). Refers to arbovirus infections (arboviruses - the term consists of the first syllables English words artropodan borne viruses, which in Russian means “viruses transmitted by ...
0 0
26
Tick encephalitis is dangerous. The main source of infection is tick saliva, when it enters human blood, vital organs are damaged: the brain (spinal) cord, the central nervous system. What forms of encephalitis are distinguished, how the virus affects the body, for what symptoms you need to immediately consult a doctor, we will consider in more detail in this article.
Tick-borne encephalitis forms
The disease develops in stages. First, up to 3-7 days, the virus, upon entering the body, is in the incubation stage. The infection is focal, the peak of the outbreak occurs in August - September. It is during this period of the year that the tick is most active. With a decrease in immunity, the disease begins to progress rapidly, passing from one form to another.
There are 4 periods (forms) of encephalitis:
Feverish, primary initial stage of encephalitis. Symptoms are bright, like with flu: fever, chills, fever, toxicosis, ...
0 0
The peak activity of ticks in the central region of Russia falls on June, but this does not mean that the risk of picking up a tick significantly decreases by August. A sharp decrease in activity is noticeable with the onset of autumn cooling to 7-10 degrees Celsius. In the first half of August 2019, the weather was quite warm and favorable for ticks. The air is warm and humid due to intermittent rainfall. But the second half of August will be cool and rainy, this will lead to a decrease in tick activity.
In August, the weather was favorable for ticks - it is stably warm, not hot and humid, just like ticks love. Many people say that the closer the autumn, the less ticks in the forests. Is it so? In fact, the peak attack of ticks on a person occurs in June, but provided that the weather favors them active image life. This year the weather has shifted a little and residents of the central region of Russia felt this summer only in the second half of July. Therefore, most likely, the peak of tick activity has not yet passed and one should be careful when visiting woodlands and parks. According to forecasts, their activity will begin to decline. in the second half of August.
In what weather are ticks most active?
As we said, ticks love warm and damp the weather. They do not like heat, prefer to hide in the grass. If the day is hot, then the daily activity of ticks shifts to morning and evening, when the sun does not bake so much. Therefore, be careful when going for a walk in the forest early in the morning or in the late afternoon, use protective equipment.
Conclusion: ticks are most active in a warm, and wet weather, but not during the sun and rain. The most the best time for them it is a warm, cloudy day. In August, the ticks are still active, but in the second half they will be much less.
What else do ticks dislike?
Ticks also avoid places where there is no vegetation, where they cannot feel safe and actively reproduce. Ticks prefer to live in deciduous and mixed forests. There is a myth that ticks cannot be in coniferous forests, supposedly the needles scare away ticks. In fact, ticks can live in pine forests and are not afraid of the smell of needles. The reason for this erroneous opinion is that, for comfort, ticks are better in a deciduous forest, they can safely hide under foliage, both growing and fallen. And in the needles it is harder for them to hide.
Already in August, when will ticks completely disappear in the forest?
Ticks will begin to hide for the winter when frosts begin or the temperature is below +7 degrees Celsius, i.e. closer to October. Their activity will decrease every day, because there are fewer and fewer females who have not laid larvae. In autumn, the reproduction of ticks stops.
Tick bite statistics in 2019
Rospotrebnadzor reported that in 2019 about 340 thousand people applied to medical institutions for after tick bites. The total number of people infected with encephalitis in Russia is 400 a person (this is the official statistics), and borreliosis - 1240 ... The department noted that these indicators are definitely below the level of 2018. In some regions, the number of people affected by ticks has even halved (Kirov region).
Scary statistics
Over the past week, the number of people who applied to medical institutions due to tick bites increased from 31 to 58 thousand people. A year ago, this figure was 1.6 times higher. This was told in Rospotrebnadzor, writes TASS ... In mid-March, the agency began weekly monitoring of the spread of viral encephalitis and other infections transmitted through tick bites. During warm spring days, the number of Russians who consulted doctors about tick bites grew rapidly: on April 28, about 12.5 thousand people complained of bites, and by May 5, their number exceeded 30 thousand, and by May 12, 58 thousand.
Rospotrebnadzor conducts treatment of the area aimed at the destruction of ticks (the so-called acaricidal). The department noted that to date, more than 105 thousand hectares have been processed.
"At the same time, it is planned to process more than 120 thousand hectares, which is 30 percent more than last year," the ministry's press service noted.
According to statistics, the first peak of tick activity in the capital region is attributed to April-June, however, in the spring of 2017, ticks "woke up" earlier, starting to manifest themselves already in the second decade of March, the website writes " 360 Moscow region ". In Moscow, within the framework of prevention, large parks, recreation areas and cemeteries are treated annually.
Treatment of the area from ticks is carried out in different regions country. For example, in Kemerovo this year, it is planned to process more than 1.5 million square meters green areas, and in Chelyabinsk - 80 objects of mass recreation with total area 226 hectares. In Krasnoyarsk more than 200 hectares of land are planned to be treated against ticks.
Danger
Ticks are carriers of dangerous infectious diseases: tick-borne borreliosis, tick-borne viral encephalitis, ehrlichiosis, Crimean hemorrhagic fever, tularemia, recurrent tick-borne typhus, Tsutsugamushi fever, Astrakhan spotted fever and many others. At the same time, encephalitis is the most famous, but far from the most common disease in the central region of Russia. Much more common are cases of tick-borne borreliosis or Lyme disease. The infection is very insidious, it may not appear for years. In severe cases, borreliosis can become chronic, lead to damage internal organs, nervous system, joints and heart. As of May 12, 2017in St. Petersburg after being bitten by ticks, at least six people, including a child, have become infected with Lyme disease.
Ticks found in the Moscow region, as a rule, are not carriers of encephalitis, in this region they are carriers of borreliosis. Encephalitis is carried by ticks living in Altai, Western and Eastern Siberia. Meanwhile, on April 25, 2017, Russian scientists isolated strains of a new type of borreliosis. Head of the Laboratory of Natural Focal Infections of the Federal Budgetary Scientific Institution of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor Alexander Platonov in an interview with the newspaper " News "said that the new kind tick-borne borreliosis in its symptoms is similar to tick-borne encephalitis.
A new subtype of borreliosis is transmitted through the bacteria Borrelia Miyamotoi, which actively reproduce in the salivary glands of the tick. Symptoms are visible immediately and resemble acute respiratory infections, poisoning or the flu: heat at 40-41 degrees, nausea, vomiting, headaches and pain in muscles and joints. The disease can only be detected using PCR tests. As Platonov noted, in Russia, especially in Siberia, up to ten percent of all ticks are infected with the new borreliosis pathogen.
The insidiousness of borreliosis is that there are no vaccinations against it. The only way to protect yourself is to minimize the risk of blood-sucking on the human body, which is especially important when going out into the countryside.TV channel "Moscow 24" .
Protect yourself and your loved ones
A number of simple rules will help you avoid falling prey to ticks. First, there are vaccines for viral encephalitis. Vaccinations can be done in clinics, medical centers and research institutes. Have medical institution where you plan to vaccinate, you must have a license. In some of them, you can get the vaccinations free of charge. A list of institutions can be foundon the website of Rospotrebnadzor ... It is also necessary to remember that vaccinations must be done in advance, and for the formation of stable immunity - over several years and at strictly defined intervals. For detailed instructions for vaccination, consult a doctor.
Tick-borne encephalitis is a severe infectious disease that is transmitted to humans from encephalitis ticks. The cause of the disease is the ticks of the ixodid family. After being bitten by a tick infected with the virus, encephalitis develops after several weeks. Both people and pets are ill with encephalitis. Forest workers, builders, tourists, and all those whose occupation takes place in the forest belt where ticks live are at risk of getting sick.
The causes of tick-borne encephalitis
The disease develops after a person is bitten by an infected tick, as well as in case of accidental crushing of a tick that has already adhered to the body, when eating unboiled infected homemade milk. A tick can be caught not only in a forest or park area, but you can bring it with branches, or it can get on the fur of pets, and at home it is already sucked on human skin.
Tick-borne encephalitis symptoms
The development of the disease occurs several weeks after the tick bite. The clinical picture begins with a rise in temperature to very high numbers. The encephalitis virus primarily affects both the spinal cord and the brain, and peripheral nerve endings. Therefore, the clinical picture is dominated by convulsions, paralysis and a decrease or loss of skin sensitivity. With the progression of the disease, severe headaches, indomitable vomiting, attacks of loss of consciousness, coma, disorientation appear (a person does not understand where he is, or what the date and time of year are today). Violations of the heart (myocarditis, rhythm disturbances develop), gastrointestinal tract disorders - constipation, hepatomegaly and hypersplenism appear.
Mortality from encephalitis can reach 20% and occur within a week from the moment of infection. If a tick is found on the skin, it is necessary to bring it to a bacteriological laboratory, where an analysis will be carried out for the absence or presence of tick infection. Ticks, firmly digging into the victim's skin, do not immediately begin to drink blood. Therefore, it is so important when returning from the forest to immediately inspect skin... If the tick is quickly detected and removed, then the risk of infection is reduced significantly. It is important to be registered with a doctor for one month after a tick bite. If you have complaints of fever or rashes on the skin, you should immediately contact a medical facility for an appointment.
Prevention of tick-borne encephalitis
With a tick bite, the most effective method of preventing the development of the disease is the appointment of a special anti-tick immunoglobulin. Immunization is carried out once, the drug is administered intramuscularly. The medicine contains antibodies that will help a person cope with the virus. The material for the production of immunoglobulin is obtained from the blood of people previously vaccinated against encephalitis. With the development of tick-borne encephalitis disease, treatment must be carried out in a hospital. Antiviral immunoglobulins are prescribed in the hospital. It is recommended to strictly observe bed rest.
Most reliably from encephalitis are protected by their own antibodies, which are formed on the vaccine. Most often, immunization is carried out in the fall or winter, so that antibodies against the encephalitis virus have already developed in the blood by the new warm season. There are imported vaccines on sale for the rapid prevention of encephalitis (a person is vaccinated once a week for 21 days). Vaccinations protect against the development of the disease up to 97 percent. In units of immunity, despite the vaccination, is not developed.
Do not forget about vigilant behavior in the forest. When going to the forest, it is imperative to put on a hat or cap, clothes that cover the whole body, tuck trousers into socks, tuck a shirt into trousers, try to cover the neck with a collar, treat clothes with a repellent. Try to avoid impassable thickets. When returning from the forest, it is recommended to carefully examine yourself and your fellow traveler.
This is the only way to prevent the risk of contracting viral encephalitis. And preventing a disease is easier than curing it.