PVC sewer pipes for interior work. Sewer plastic pipes: diameters, prices

Today, plastic pipes have almost completely been forced out of use in sewer systems ah metal analogues. They have such operational benefits such as durability, low cost, minimal weight and ease of installation, which is achieved through the use of sewer fittings, which we will talk about in this article.

You will learn what sewer fittings exist and what materials they are made from. Varieties of fittings, their standard sizes will be considered, and recommendations for installing a sewer system with your own hands will be given.

Contents of the article

The use of plastic products in sewer lines

To equip sewer systems, pipes and fittings are used from materials such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PE (polyethylene) and PN (polypropylene). Unlike steel and cast iron products, which are connected by welding, install plastic pipes much simpler, since their docking does not require special equipment.

The advantages of plastic sewer fittings include:

• low weight, which facilitates their transportation and installation;
• long service life – the service life of a polymer pipeline reaches up to 50 years, which is achieved due to the material’s complete resistance to corrosion and chemically aggressive substances;
• wide temperature regime– can be used to remove hot waste with temperatures up to 95 degrees;
• a wide range of fittings, different shapes and the dimensions of which allow the formation of a sewer pipeline of any configuration.

They are shaped elements used to connect individual pipes to each other, as well as to connect to a pipeline. Fittings for sewerage have dimensions corresponding to the diameter of pipes on the market.

According to the provisions GOST No. 21.604 “Water supply and sewerage“, for styling internal sewerage The following sizes of PVC pipes must be used:

• bathtub drain pipe – diameter 40 mm (laid with a slope of 1:30);
• shower – diameter 40 mm (slope 1:48);
• toilet bowl – diameter 110 mm (slope 1:20);
• sink – diameter 40 mm (slope 1:12);
• bidet – diameter 40 mm (slope 1:20);
• sink – diameter 40 mm (slope 1:36);
• combined drain for shower, bath and sink – diameter 50 mm (slope 1:48);
• central riser – diameter 110 mm;
• bends from the central riser - 60 mm.

For installation of external communications you need to use pipes with a diameter of 160-200 mm. PVC sewer pipes and fittings are selected so that their sizes match each other.

Features of choosing pipes and fittings for sewerage (video)

Classification of sewer fittings

The variety of connecting elements used for pipeline installation is classified according to two parameters - scope of application and connection method. According to the scope of application, the designs are divided into fittings intended for installation of internal sewerage, and products for external systems.

Depending on the connection method, sewer fittings are classified into:

• bell-shaped (inside plastic construction a rubber O-ring is installed), which ensures strong fixation of the pipe and tightness of the entire system;
• for gluing, without sealing ring.

In terms of reliability and durability of the connection, adhesive fittings benefit, since the rubber seal during operation can lose elasticity and shrink, resulting in a gap forming between the walls of the connected structures, which causes leaks.

As an installation adhesive PVC sewer compositions are used based on a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and tetrahydrofuran, which after hardening form a material according to operational characteristics similar to the plastic from which the pipes themselves are made.

Verified adhesive compositions for installation of polymer pipelines – “ Tangit”, “Vinilit”, “Phoenix” and “Marx”, The current VSN 35-86 “Installation instructions for plastic pipes” recommends using “ GIPC-127“.

Types of fittings for PVC sewerage

Let's look at the types of fittings for internal sewerage equipped with a rubber O-ring:

1. Coupling - used to connect two parallel pipes to each other; there are also inspection couplings that have an openable window for cleaning the system.
2. Reduction (adapter between different diameters) - used for joining pipes whose dimensions do not match, as well as for connecting cast iron products with plastic ones.
3. Tee - allows you to make a parallel or inclined branch from the main pipeline; they are available with an inclination angle of 45, 65 and 90 degrees.
4. Two-plane cross - makes two perpendicular branches to pipes of identical or different diameters, angles of inclination - 45 0 and 90 0.
5. Single-plane cross - used to arrange two parallel branches, angles 45 0 and 90 0. With the help of crosses they are most often brought down drain pipes from bathtubs, sinks and plumbing fixtures to the main riser.
6. Bend - allows you to rotate the laying of two parallel pipes, angles of 30, 40 and 90 degrees.
7. Compensatory – used when carrying out repair work to replace a damaged section of the pipeline, which is previously cut out.
8. Plug – blocks the transported liquid during repairs or inspection of the pipeline.
9. Aerator ( sewer valve) – installed on the upper end part sewer riser, blocks the release of sewer gases into the room through the toilet, which can occur due to air vacuum inside the riser, in which the water seal is sucked out of the siphon.

For installation external sewerage, in addition to the same range of connecting elements as during installation internal system, the following types of shaped structures are used:

• – designed to block the reverse flow of circulating fluid in the external pipeline, it is required to be equipped with less than 2 cm;
• double-jointed siphon - connects two parallel pipes, forming a bend at the junction, which creates an obstacle to the reverse flow of sewer gases.

Technical requirements and dimensions of PVC connection fittings are given in the following regulatory documents:

• GOST No. 18559 – for non-pressure sewerage;
• GOST No. 52135 – for pressure systems.

The fitting sizes must be selected according to the diameter of the pipes used. The following standard sizes of shaped structures for external sewerage are available on the market:

• couplings – diameter 110-400 mm (inspection coupling up to 315 mm), length 12-33 cm;
• bends – ∅ 110-400 mm, distance between sockets 1.5-9 cm;
• tee for 450 – ∅ 110-400, length of side sockets 14-53 cm, height from the end part to the beginning of the protrusion of the socket – 14-50 cm;
• check valve - ∅ 110-250, length from 30 to 52 cm;
• two-arm siphon – ∅ 110-200 mm, length 51-82 cm.

PVC fittings for installation of internal sewerage have a diameter range from 50 to 200 mm. To fasten pipes to walls, plastic clamps are used, which are seated on load-bearing structure using two anchors.

Installation and connection plastic pipeline must be carried out in compliance with the following requirements:

1. Large size PVC pipes are cut using special tool– a pipe cutter, which can be replaced with a grinder or a hacksaw. The main thing is that the cut is perpendicular to the axis of the pipe, since a tight connection cannot be made if there are gaps at the joint.
2. After cutting, the edge of the pipe must be cleaned of burrs using a file and sandpaper.
3. When using adhesive fittings, the joining areas must first be degreased, after which glue can be applied. The composition is applied in an even layer using a brush; excess glue when joining structures is removed with a rag.
4. If fittings with a rubber seal are used, the contacting surfaces must be coated before installation, which will reduce the risk of leaks. The pipe should not be installed all the way, but so that it forms expansion gap 1 cm. You will need to perform preliminary joining and mark the entry boundary on the pipe.

If done correctly, the sewer pipeline will not require repairs throughout its entire service life.

Polyvinyl chloride pipes (PVC) are made from the thermoplastic of the same name, which after heat treatment retains its shape. The main components of polyvinyl chloride are ethylene and stabilized chlorine, and with the help of additional additives, the properties of PVC pipes are improved.

Most often PVC pipes are used for sewer networks, due to ease of installation and low cost. Material for the production of PVC pipes: PVC polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and its twin PVC-U polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) unplasticized. PVC-U pipes have the best specifications, and this allows them to be used in pressure systems, so they are used more often.

Advantages and disadvantages of PVC pipes

PVC pipes, thanks to a range of benefits, have become a leader among similar products for sewer installation:

The main disadvantage of PVC pipes is temperature restrictions, which are no more than +65°С and no less than -10°С.

Use of PVC pipes

Using PVC pipes it is possible to implement the following types of sewerage systems:

• internal sewerage;
• external sewerage;
• pressure external sewage systems;
• gravity drain Wastewater.

The names of the species themselves sewer systems quite accurately reflect the essence of the application. But it should be noted that of the types of pipes used, PVC-U is most often used, since they have better strength characteristics.

Selection and application of PVC pipes

A feature of sewer pipes when choosing is an unusual criterion - wall thickness. This follows from the fact that non-pressure pipes, and most of sewer systems are non-pressure, there is no need to select based on internal pressure. The only reasonable approach is to ensure sufficient strength pipe walls for the volume of liquid that will fill it, and possible mechanical influences from external environment. For these reasons, when choosing sewer pipes, two parameters are taken into account:

• inner diameter, which should provide the predicted volume of wastewater;
• wall thickness to ensure sufficient mechanical strength from the vicissitudes of fate.

Internal sewerage

For internal sewerage, as a rule, PVC pipes are used that have grey color. Their characteristic features:

• smooth-walled;
• connection - socket;
• line of popular sizes: diameters - 32, 40, 50 and 110 mm, lengths from 315 to 3000 mm;
• the thickness is selected based on rigidity conditions, but as a requirement for gravity flow systems it is never less than 1.8 mm.

External sewerage

Pipes orange or yellow colors are intended for external installation and are used in more severe conditions, therefore, for each diameter there is a separate list of wall thicknesses. So, for example, data for a diameter of 200 mm:

• For lungs rigidity conditions (SN 2) with a burial depth of up to 4 m, wall thickness 3.9 mm;
• For average rigidity conditions (SN 4) with a burial depth of up to 6 m, wall thickness 4.9 mm;
• For heavy rigidity conditions (SN 8) with a burial depth of up to 8 m, wall thickness 5.9 mm.

The same tabular data is available for other diameters. When designing sewer systems, they are taken into account.

Sewerage using pressure and free-pressure PVC pipes

In systems with forced removal of wastewater, i.e. using pumps, PVC pressure pipes are used. It is typical for them high blood pressure on the walls, therefore the requirements are appropriate. Three types of pressure pipes are available 6, 10 and 12.5 kg/sq. cm. Additionally, you should choose the connection method:

A gravity sewer system uses the movement of wastewater under the influence of gravity. To select such pipes, the external load is taken into account, and during installation, the slope of the pipeline is provided. Typically, pipes with a socket are used for free-flow sewerage.

The difference between PVC pipes and other polymer pipes

The most common plastic, polyvinyl chloride, is far from the only polymer that is used in the manufacture of sewer pipes. Along with it, the following plastics are used:

• polyethylene PE- the most common plastic for making pipes for transporting water. Due to temperature restrictions, it can only be used for cold water.
• cross-linked polyethylene- resistant to UV radiation, withstands high mechanical loads, has an upper temperature threshold of + 95 °C, solder connection, used for cold and hot water;
• polypropylene PPE- polypropylene pipes are widely used in various industries, thanks to their good mechanical properties and chemical resistance. Particularly successful use polypropylene pipes in cold and hot water pipelines.
• polybutylene PB- cross-linked polyethylene, not widespread due to insufficient durability. Structural defects, cracks and peeling, appear within a few years. Produced in small quantities.
• polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic with excellent mechanical, physical and chemical properties and is used in the pharmaceutical industry for pumping drugs.

Many of the plastic pipes can compete with PVC, but in terms of price-quality advantages, they have no competitors.

Prices of PVC sewer pipes

Prices for any product are the most interesting part after discussion technical merits. You can never rely on numbers here. today- they largely depend on the manufacturer. And then the shipping cost comes in. But you still need to indicate guidelines, so let’s take one of the cost options for pipes with a diameter of 110 mm. This amounts to 165 rubles per 1 linear meter.

Additionally, it should be noted that prices for PPE pipes, the closest competitor to PVC, almost 3 times higher, although with a larger set positive qualities. In such cases, they say that there is an excess of advantages, but whether it is worth paying for them is up to the consumer to decide.

The final price of sewer construction, taking into account the installation of the system, can add completely unexpected somersaults to the estimate. For a rough estimate, let's take the option of calculating the construction of a sewerage system in a country house with our own hands.

It is assumed that the dacha is located in standard conditions: terrain differences are insignificant, level groundwater low, there are no quicksands, there is a place for discharging purified water, etc.

Traditionally used for installing water supply and sewerage systems cast iron pipes are increasingly being replaced by plastic pipes. Trends of the times and modern technologies make it possible to use pipes PVC sewer even in cases in which previously the use of pipes other than cast iron was problematic.

Long-term experience with plastic pipes shows that their use is fully justified in the case of transportation not only ordinary water or industrial and domestic wastewater, but also aggressive liquids.

Characteristics of polyvinyl chloride sewer pipes

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any other, PVC pipes have their advantages and disadvantages. The “advantages” of plastic sewer pipes include the following technical characteristics:

• high strength;
• resistance of both the outer and inner surfaces of pipes under the influence of chemical and mechanical factors;
• smooth surface that prevents the pipe lumen from becoming overgrown due to solid deposits;
• stability at low temperatures environment;
• lack of permeability: impossibility of penetration of runoff into the ground and groundwater into pipes.

In addition, the advantages of PVC pipes are their environmental friendliness, the ability to operate for a long time and an affordable price.

The main disadvantage of sewer pipes made of PVC is that they lose their strength when high temperatures. As a result, the service life of the entire system can be significantly reduced. Limit operating temperature PVC sewer pipes have a temperature of no higher than 40 degrees.

In extreme cases, short-term exposure of pipes to liquids with temperatures up to 80 degrees is possible.

Features of application

The main application of PVC sewer pipes:

• Installation for wastewater disposal from residential and industrial buildings.
• Installation of systems inside walls and floors.
• Assembly external systems followed by laying in the ground.

The existing classification of PVC pipes by strength divides them into:

• Lungs. They are mainly used for the installation of sewer systems located at relatively shallow depths. Designation – SN 2.
• Average. Systems assembled from such pipes can be placed under roads with light loads. Designation – SN 4.
• Heavy. Used when laying pipeline systems under highways or industrial buildings. Designation – SN 8.

How to choose PVC pipes for sewerage?

In order to choose the right PVC pipes necessary for work in specific conditions, it is worth carefully considering all the parameters. You should pay attention to the dimensions and some characteristics:

1. indoor and outdoor;
2. length of sections;
3. safety margin required in specific conditions;
4. Additional features. For example, to organize protection, pipes made of a material that has the ability to self-extinguish are used.

Purchased products must comply with GOST requirements - sewer pipes PVC must:

• comply with standard markings;
• undergo mandatory tests assessing their performance;
• be properly packaged;
• transported in accordance with the requirements of the standard.

Compliance by manufacturers with all GOST requirements is a guarantee that the buyer will be able to choose suitable pipes for installing various sewage systems.

Stages of assembling a sewerage system from PVC pipes

It is quite easy to install a water supply or sewer system from PVC pipes. The work can be done either with the help of professionals or independently. The main thing is to follow a number of simple recommendations that will help you install pipes efficiently, in short time and relatively inexpensive.

Installation steps:

• You must first carefully select the pipes themselves and all PVC. You should carefully check all the angles and inclinations of the system, and adjust the component parts to each other.
• Be sure to mark the parts so that they and their locations are not confused during the installation process.
• Check how the pipes fit into the sockets. Each pipe should fit 2/3 into the socket easily. To ensure that the pipe is completely inserted into the socket, some force must be applied.
• Connect the components of the system using.

To make the parts to be glued together stronger, you can give all surfaces a slight roughness.

• After applying the adhesive layer, immediately put on the necessary fittings for PVC sewer pipes.
• If it is necessary to create a complex branched pipeline system, tees are used. The technology for connecting PVC pipes through these parts is no different from directly connecting two pipes or assembling through simple fittings.

• Upon completion of installation, it is mandatory to check the system for leaks. To exclude any leaks, the test must be carried out for at least one hour.

Increasingly, when installing drainage and sewerage systems, metal and cast iron pipes are competing with plastic pipes. Their characteristics, which are in no way inferior to traditional analogues, and sometimes even superior to them, make PVC pipes for sewerage popular among consumers who use them to create fairly inexpensive and durable pipeline systems.

When installing wastewater disposal systems, cast iron pipes were previously widely used, less commonly made of other materials. But they all have a number of certain limitations in use, related, for example, to ease of transportation, specific installation, maintenance, and the like. PVC sewer pipes have become a good alternative and are being actively introduced in various industries, including in the public utilities sector, precisely because they do not have the disadvantages that characterize samples from other materials.

The abbreviation PVC stands for “polyvinyl chloride,” although such products are often called vinyl plastic or vinyl chloride. There is no difference, because we're talking about about the same material. Why is it so attractive for use in engineering wastewater disposal systems?

Characteristics of PVC pipes

All of the indicated product features are generalized, since there are several types of plastic pipes that differ in production technology, and therefore in specific properties.

Flaws

1. Limited operating temperature range – from -10 to +65 °C, in some cases, up to +90 °C (short-term exposure). But for sewerage systems this is not important.
2. Thin-walled pipes may resonate in some cases. Therefore, when laying them in routes, it is necessary to carry out a number of additional operations to soundproof the highways.

Classification

By strength:

• SN8 - heavy. They are used when laying in routes passing under various objects, including highways.
• SN4 - medium. Likewise, only in areas with less traffic.
• SN2 - lungs. Such pipes are used at shallow depths in the ground, and have been found wide application in housing and communal services and the private sector.

By application:

• For internal sewerage – gray or black.
• For outdoor (outside buildings) - yellow or orange.

By pressure:

• Pressure.
• Non-pressure (gravity drainage).

According to manufacturing technology:

• PVC (PVC).
• PVC-U (PVC-NP) – unplasticized vinyl chloride. They are more durable and resistant to aggressive substances. Most often used in pressure systems.

According to the engineering solution:

• Smooth-walled.
• Corrugated.

By fastening method:

• Socket connection.
• Gluing.

PVC pipe cost

The range of products is quite large, but the data provided for individual types of products will help you navigate pricing (in rubles/linear meters).

• 160 mm – from 260 (for outdoor work).
• 110 mm (3.2 – wall thickness), socket – from 104 (for indoor installation) and 155 (for outdoor).
• 50 mm – from 55 (for internal installation).

1. The diameter of the external pipes must be greater than that of the central riser.
2. Approximate cross-sections for drain connections (mm):

• shower, sink, bath and the like - 40 (if combined drain - at least 50);
• various branches from central highways - at least 65;
• toilet, riser – 100.

In our company you can order pipes and fittings for internal sewerage made of PVC, which have long been used as an alternative to metal counterparts. Those times when in the bathrooms of residential buildings and public buildings stood cast iron or steel pipes, are a thing of the past. Now installed everywhere plastic sewer, pipes for which are made of PVC.

Plastic sewer pipes are made from polyvinyl chloride, a material of high plasticity. The advantages of such pipes:

• ease,
• plastic,
• possibility of use for a long time service life,
• Greater affordability.

All this allows us to create a reliable and cost-effective engineering system for any object. Due to this, PVC pipes are actively used in construction.

Application of sewer pipes and fittings

Sewage pipes made of polyvinyl chloride are used for internal wiring in residential, warehouse and industrial buildings and premises. Experts do not recommend using such pipes outdoors, since winter time they may fail.

PVC pipes are used in the construction of internal and external sewer systems. Let's look at each type of application in more detail:

Internal sewerage is a system running inside a building. It includes pipes for risers, made mainly with a diameter of 110 mm (intra-apartment), and pipes that drain water from bathtubs and sinks, with a diameter of 50 mm (intra-apartment). You can also buy sewer pipe 110 from the AQUAOPTIM company.

External sewerage – pipes laid outside buildings and passing through the ground, which is why the thickness of such pipes is greater than that of analogues for internal wiring. The material from which it is made external pipes, may have additional inclusions for greater strength.

Installation of PVC pipes does not cause difficulties. Each pipe has a socket on one side with a rubber sealing ring. During installation, one pipe end without a socket is connected to the socket of an adjacent pipe. They are then placed in the sewer pipeline.