Thanks to the "canned" under the glass cap, it became possible, regardless of the season, enjoy the juicy greens of miniature trees and the fragrance of paradise colors.
Winter garden in a private house, cottage or dacha looks like a beautiful toy, a pleasant vacation spot, an object that emphasizes the owners status. In practice, this is a serious engineering solution that requires the observance of the nuances of preclusted training, design and construction, and also needs constant care and protection.
The principle of the Winter Garden's device is simultaneously simple and complicated, it all depends on the selected design, the framework of the frame, the method of glazing and other factors.
What is the difference between the winter garden of the house from a greenhouse or greenhouse?
When we talk about the winter garden, then, first of all, we mean the intermediate zone between the residential premises and the natural environment. Whereas the greenhouse (more simplified version - greenhouses) is focused mainly on growing plants in special conditions. As a rule, the greenhouse is placed separately from the house - in the garden or.
Like a greenhouse, a winter garden is designed to protect plants and flowers from freezing in autumn and winter. But the greenhouse is directed mainly to growing certain varieties (for example, oranges, palm trees), with maintaining special climatic conditions in which the normal person is constantly physically difficult. Whereas in the winter garden, a rationally selected microclimate affects the well-being of people, and the cultivation of plants with a complex (and not very) "character".
Construction of the Winter Garden do it yourself
A professionally equipped area of \u200b\u200bcomfort and recreation, among the flawless forms of internal landscaping, will not even part with the summer even when everything around will be covered with snow. You can choose a rational project and build a winter garden with your own hands, but this in any case will require the owners of apartments and country houses of certain monetary, and temporary costs. Using specialists' councils and observing the required conditions, really significantly save costs.
Which side is placed winter garden
- East. The best choice, since the translucent design, oriented to the East, will not overheat;
- West. The advantage of such an orientation can be called the ability to hold heat accumulated per day for a day. However, in the summer time, this advantage is very doubtful;
- South. This side of the house is the least suitable for the arrangement of the winter garden. Because the plants will overheat, and this will increase the cost of ventilation and watering. Although on the other hand, in the winter season, just in the garden, located warmth, located on the south side;
- North. Such gardens are badly accumulated heat and quickly give it. If the choice fell on this side of the world - you should take care of the good heating of the winter garden.
Winter Garden Designs - Types, Types and Projects
Regardless of the location of the garden, the design system must be translucent, illuminated, essential, beautiful, and also quite reliable and resistant to all sorts of atmospheric (overheating and cooling) and mechanical phenomena.
The design of the winter garden can be:
- adjacent to the house;
- separately standing.
A one or another will make its own adjustments to the arrangement of various providing systems.
The scheme presents the ways of constructive implementation of the shape of the winter garden.
Rectangular translucent design in the form of an extension of a winter garden to the house. Universal version and the most common shape of a skeleton with a single-sided roof.
Winter garden attached to the corner from the outside of the house. 
The design with the combined roof is four-beam and double. 
Winter garden attached to the inner corner of the house, the so-called "quarterpoint". 
An extension of the winter garden from the inside of the angle. 
Rectangular design with a single roof and an extended roofing part Winter Garden Frame Configuration, Drawings are shown in the picture.
Heating of the Winter Garden
Winter garden hidden behind glasses or polycarbonate is able to accumulate a significant amount of heat. Its quantities will be enough in the warm season. But in order to protect the thermal-loving plants in the cold, you need to consider an effective heating system.
Several types of heating can be distinguished and each of them has its advantages and disadvantages, as well as features of installation and operation. The main requirements for the heating system: low cost and optimal heat distribution.
What affects the choice of heating system:
- the dimensions of the winter garden than it is more, the more heat it is necessary for heating;
- plant species. Tropical plants develop well at a temperature of more than 20 o C;
- frequency of use of the winter garden. If frost-resistant plants grow in such a garden, and you are in the garden only on occasion to occasion - it is enough to turn on the heater. But if you use the garden as a continuation of the house - then the heating system is simply necessary.
Types of winter garden heating systems
1. Electrical heaters
- the ability to change the place of installation of the heater depending on the needs;
- provides an opportunity to quickly adjust the amount of heat that comes;
- easy installation.
- expensive pleasure in terms of payment of electricity, if you apply it to constantly and damn a significant area;
- electric heaters dried air, which negatively affects the "well-being" of plants.
2. Air conditioners (split systems) or UFO
- allow you to adjust the temperature;
- do not overcame air.
- High cost of equipment and payment of electricity.
3. Water (steam) heating
Connecting radiators of winter garden heating to the central system.
Benefits:
- a constant temperature is maintained;
- relatively low cost of heat obtained;
- there is no temperature difference between the garden and the adjoining rooms at home. Such a garden can be used as a dining room or a rest.
Disadvantages:
- we need skills and a special tool for embedding in the heating system.
4. Chimney heating
- the ability to use inexpensive firewood and coal;
- creates a specific flavor.
- the temperature is distributed uneven - plants can overheat;
- requires constant attention;
- high fire hazard.
5. Air heating
The principle of the device is to install the fan in the window reported with the garden garden. Warm air is distilled from heated room in the garden. Another way: in a housekeeping attached to the winter garden, an air heater and air is supplied by air ducts in the winter garden.
- the relatively low cost of arrangement.
- additional Winter Garden Warming Requires
- requires the purchase of an air heater and air ducts;
- takes a lot of space;
- spoils the appearance of the garden;
- overweight air.
6. Electric heating on the principle of "warm floor"
Benefits:
- the cable heats the ground, which allows the roots to get enough heat;
- a great heat distribution is achieved;
- a warm floor system mounted along the walls allows you to fight the roof icing from glass or polycarbonate;
- allows heating in pipes water intended for watering.
Disadvantages:
- high costs for the construction of a system of warm water floors;
- the system is set until the operation of the winter garden;
- problem work is problematic.
Create an optimal heating system can be combined with a combination of several of their species. At the same time, consider that the type of heating system directly affects the choice of air ventilation method in the winter garden.
Ventilation of the winter garden
Let's notify immediately that the cooling system and the winter garden ventilation system are different things. The air cooled with an air conditioner creates a comfortable environment for short-term residence of a person. However, plants that are in the garden constantly require that the influx of fresh air is carried out on an ongoing basis. After all, air conditioning does not contribute to saturation of air with oxygen.
In a separate, adjacent (extension) to a house or equipped with a winter garden equipped on a balcony, two ventilation systems can be used. Material prepared for site site
Natural ventilation
It provides for the arrangement of the vents or fraamug. The total area of \u200b\u200bglass doors in the window (Framuga, Forms) should take at least a quarter of the entire garden wall area. Only thus you can achieve the required level of oxygen intake. Footings can be opened / closed manually, and you can equip automatics.
Natural ventilation also includes the arrangement of the supply and exhaust ventilation. In this case, at the bottom, on the perimeter of the wall, the holes are provided for the inflow of fresh air, and in its upper part or on the roof - the windows for outflows. If windshk glazed windows are used as a glazing of the winter garden, then a good option is a trimming valve for plastic windows.
Pros:
- does not create noise when working;
- does not create drafts.
Minuses:
- there must be a temperature difference;
- window sash create interference for external and / or internal shading, and also occupy an internal volume (if they are not implemented by a sliding principle);
- there is a possibility of damage to the windows of windows under the influence of wind load;
- it is necessary to provide for mosquito nets to protect the garden from insects.
Mechanical ventilation
The influx of air is carried out through the vents, but the outflow is through various fans.
Benefits:
- the possibility of air exchange in the absence or, on the contrary, with strong wind;
- does not interfere with shading;
- reduces the risk of penetration inside intruders through open windows.
Disadvantages:
- creates noise whose level depends on the power of the fans;
- consumes a lot of electricity;
- needs maintenance;
- not always harmoniously fits into the interior of the Winter Garden.
Plants in the winter garden in the winter and cloudy season are lack of lighting, which negatively affects their growth. Therefore, it is important to ensure an acceptable level of additional lighting.
Lamps for the Winter Garden - the choice affects the growth of plants:
- incandescent lamps are not suitable because their spectrum does not contain blue rays, without which photosynthesis does not occur. They also distinguish a lot of heat, and high plants can get an iron;
- fluorescent lamps. Sensitive to voltage drops, frequent switching on-shutdown greatly reduces the life of their suitability;
- metallogenic lamps - high pressure gas-discharge lamps. Their radiation spectrum is close to natural, but they have a small service life;
- high pressure sodium lamps. Their color rendition is unsatisfactory for internal use. In addition, they are very sensitive to voltage difference;
- phytolamby. Developed specifically for lighting plants. There are two types of them: energy-saving LED and luminescent.
For example: at 5 m.kv. Winter garden 2.5 m high need 4 metal halide lamps (40 W) or 1 sodium (250 W)
Protection of the Winter Garden from Strong Solar Radiation
Planning the garden lighting, you should consider the opposite effect from its oversupply. Summer light is too much, and to prevent the occurrence of his disastrous consequences, the garden needs to be protected. Winter garden protection events can be divided into two types:
- internal protection - delays up to 40% of light. These are curtains, blinds from various materials. Usually used fabric, plastic, bamboo or aluminum. The latter should not be applied, because the metal quickly heats up and gives it a long time. This affects the general temperature. In addition, they are noisy and vibrated when fan operation.
- external protection - detains 70-90% of light. These are awnings, marquises, for the production of which special tissue with reflective surface is used. External protection is preferable because the material of the walls does not heat up, and the total temperature in the garden does not rise.
Watering in the winter garden
The usual watering of plants in pots is unlikely to be effective in the winter garden, because it requires a lot of effort and time.
The construction market offers many systems of automatic irrigation, allowing to establish a mechanized watering of plants. Which, besides, can be configured to various moising modes. After all, in warm weather, the weather is increased by moisture, and in the cold, on the contrary, decreases.
Wide distribution received a drip irrigation system for greenhouses and winter gardens. In appearance, this perforated hose, through its perforation (holes) in the soil, water is dosed. Such a system is preferred in that it watering only the roots of plants and does not allow the appearance of the puddle. The advantage of an automated drip system also is that it is connected to the sensors that control the level of moisture in the ground.
It must be remembered that some types of plants need special watering - they pull water out of the air, so the air must be moisturized. For this, the fountains are equipped, which perform the moisturizing function and are element of the decor, use foggy installations or ultrasonic air humidifiers.
The watering system involves a drainage system device through which excess water will be leaving.
Electricity in the Winter Garden
In order for all the above component systems, it is important to consider the power supply method, the type of wiring, as well as the number and location of sockets and switches.
The composition of the soil (the earth for the winter garden)
For plant growth, not only the optimal microclimate in the winter garden should be ensured, but also takes care of the quality of soil and on the initial making of fertilizers and nutrients into the soil.
Plants for the Winter Garden
Choosing plants for your winter garden, in addition to your own preferences, guided by species and varieties of plants.
Plant species:
- tropical. The optimal temperature for their growth is + 22 o C;
- subtropical + 10 o C.
At the same time, different types of plants are not confused.
Registration and care for the winter garden
In order for the Winter Oasis of Greens to please you as long as possible, and plants and visitors felt comfortable, you need to constantly monitor the state of all systems that provide the life of the garden. As for the decorative design of the Winter Garden in different rooms at home, then everyone is guided by its vision of the beautiful. It assumes the design in certain styles (modern, classic, high-tech, country or Japanese style), from which you can choose a suitable direction.
Conclusion
Thus, it can be noted that the creation and full functioning of the winter garden requires considerable effort. And all engineering systems should be designed comprehensively taking into account mutual influence on each other. However, if you consider all these requirements, you can create such a winter garden with your own hands, which will embody your ideas about beauty and comfort.
Winter garden - Photo with examples for the implementation of ideas
Year-round cultivation of exotic tropical plants and colors in temperate climate conditions are a difficult task. So that they are not injured in winter frosty days, they must be placed in a place protected from cold with sufficient natural or artificial lighting. To create ideal conditions, greenhouses and winter gardens are erected, which differ from standard greenhouses intended for cultivating vegetables and greenery, not only functionally, but also externally.
Winter gardens and greenhouses have some differences in their design, sizes and buildings. The appointment is also in some extent different.
Winter Garden - Mini Paradise for Recreation
Flowering Garden - Home Decoration
The winter garden is considered to be the room with an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 15 square meters. m, which adjoins the walls of the house. The main idea of \u200b\u200bits creation is to expand the space of the main building. At the same time, the walls of such an extension are made not by capital, but frame. The frame, as a rule, is made of metal or metal-plastic structures. Due to this, the walls of the extension look "air", which gives the room an additional volume.
The distinction of the winter garden from industrial greenhouse is that the latter are intended solely for growing edible plants. At the same time, the creation of a macroclimate of the premises is guided by the needs of crops. In the home indoor garden, comfortable conditions are created primarily. Here you can not only grow cultures, but also relax, enjoying the type of flowering plants.
Green zone as part of the living room
Often the garden in the closed soil carries not so much aesthetic load as part of the energy saving system at home. The fact is that such a construction is a kind of buffer between the main premises and the environment.
At the expense of a glass ceiling and walls, infrared radiation can easily penetrate inside the winter garden, heating objects inside. At the same time, thanks to energy-efficient glass packages, heat consumption in winter is significantly reduced. True, plants in the unheated winter garden should be cold-resistant.
Successful winter garden design
Orangery - Oasis for exotic plants
The greenhouse is a room intended for growing decorative cultures. Unlike the Winter Garden, it is built apart and does not adjoin the house.
It creates optimal conditions for the cultivation and content of southern trees (palm trees, citrus), shrubs and beautiful rare flowers (orchids, ficuses, etc.). The term "Orangery" (in French "ORANGERIE) originates from the word" Orange "(citrus culture characterized by its thermo-lobility).
Depending on the temperature modes available, the greenhouses are divided into:
- warm (the temperature here holds at the mark of more than 25 degrees);
- semi-temperature (temperature ranges from 17 to 24 degrees);
- cold (below 16 degrees).
Of course, there are no rigorous restrictions on the construction of a separate building, and if you wish to equip a homemade greenhouse on the adjacent home to the terrace and even on the balcony.
How to equip a winter garden
The indoor garden with proper design and construction will become a real decoration of the house, as it can emphasize its design. Thanks to the additional extension, you can easily expand the useful area of \u200b\u200bany room, creating a corner of comfort and tranquility, which will be comfortable all year round.
Views and forms of indoor gardens
Possible forms and designs
There are several options for architectural solutions for the winter garden:
- M-shaped extensions to the external or inner corner of the house.
- Rectangular extensions with a single bed. They can be a continuation of the main overlap of the building or expand over it.
- An extension to the corner of the house with a three-beam roof.
The easiest winter garden can be built on a glazed balcony or loggia, using vertical landscaping and suspended porridge. In country houses, a suitable place is a terrace or covered veranda.
Mini-garden in a private house
What materials are used for frame
The design of the winter garden is made from a wide range of materials, most popular of which are:
- Aluminum. This is the most popular material for the construction of a winter garden. With a slight weight, it has high strength. This significantly reduces the burden on the foundation and makes it possible to use a large area of \u200b\u200bglazing. Aluminum is not afraid of corrosion, it is easy to cut, mounted. It can be painted in any color using powder painting or anodizing. The disadvantages include the cost of metal.
- Wood. Durable and at the same time environmentally friendly material, which is easy to process and relatively cheap. The disadvantage of wood is the need for permanent care. Without adequate antiseptic and antifungal treatment, wood will quickly lose its initial appearance.
Suitable coating options
For shelter use various options:
- Single glass. Such a solution does not affect energy efficiency too well. It does not ensure the preservation of heat in winter and does not interfere with its excessive penetration in the summer, which can create uncomfortable conditions for the development of human cultures and recreation.
- Double glazed windows. The most preferred option for the construction of a winter garden. The double-glazed glass of two or three glasses due to air between them perfectly retains the comfortable temperature indoor, but this efficiency has a high cost.
- Polycarbonate. This material is an excellent solution. It grows perfectly, well absorbs solar energy, has low thermal conductivity and high impact resistance. There are disadvantages. Over time, polycarbonate darkens and rubs. In poorly illuminated places, algae can grow on it. Through polycarbonate visibility is minimal, therefore, to enjoy the views of the surrounding nature, it is undesirable to use it.
Garden with tropical plants in the greenhouse
Ways to organize heating
To create the perfect microclimate and comfortable conditions for relaxing in the winter garden in the cold season, it establishes the heating system. Preheating options There are several.
Water heating at which the heating of the winter garden is integrated into the system that heels the whole house. The disadvantage of this option is too complicated installation. Only a professional can cope with him. In addition, the room will be heated constantly, which will increase costs.
General heating with home
The advantages of such a system include the absence of temperature differences between the house and the garden, the ability to continuously maintain comfortable conditions. Most often, this type of heating is used in industrial greenhouses.
Electric heaters allow the winter garden to gain autonomy. Most often infrared heaters are used, which are the best option of electric heating. They are economical and create warmth, as close as possible to sunny.
Infrared heat heats the plants directly and does not dry the air. A huge advantage in the ability to regulate the intensity of heating in different zones.
Infrared heaters
Solid fuel furnaces are usually used in greenhouses in cases where there is no possibility to choose gas or electricity, or it is necessary to reduce the cost of heating. In private greenhouses, rarely apply due to the need to continuously control the combustion of fuel, its loading and temperature. The perfect option is a furnace fireplace with a glazed firebox, simultaneously adorning the garden.
Fireplace with glazed firebox
The most attractive modern ovens of long burning. For large premises, it is reasonable to organize water heating, choosing a stove with water contour.
How to equip a greenhouse
Homemade greenhouses can replace gazebo and turn into separate living rooms. The design you can use not only plants, but also small architectural forms, miniature ponds, mini-fountains, artificial waterfalls and streams.
Dendroplan and work area arrangement
The layout of the greenhouse begins with the preparation of the landing plan - even before the construction began, it is important to determine which plants will be grown to create ideal growing conditions for them. It is important to understand that the neighborhood of some cultures may be problematic and will require more investments in the project. It is equally important to take care of the convenience of servicing the flower and beds, otherwise the plants will simply be impossible to come free.
Mini fountain decorates and creates extra humidity
For small greenhouses, vertical beds located in several tiers are perfectly suitable. To do this, use pallets and racks from stable in humidity of materials. You can supplement the picture with ampel cultures with emptic cultures.
It is not necessary to clutter the greenhouse by plants, first of all it should be a holiday destination, in which green plantings are present for beauty, and not for practical purposes.
Construction nuances and technical moments
Operational characteristics and durability of the greenhouse depend on several important parameters:
- Foundation. The base of the building. The most durable and reliable for such buildings is a ribbon foundation made of concrete.
- Frame. The best operational qualities (resistance to wind, precipitation, deformations) provides aluminum and galvanized steel.
- Coating. Plays a big role in construction. It is it that distinguishes this room from others. Solid glazing creates sufficient illumination for growing plants. Additional sunlight also affects the human body toning, which is why they often arrange recreation areas. In a properly designed greenhouse among exotic plants, even in severe frosts there will be a feeling of relaxation in hot countries. Most often, cellular polycarbonate, glass use for cladding of the frames of greenhouses. These materials provide the required level of reference.
- Heating. In Orange, the same types of heating as in winter gardens are used. Experts advise the use of combined options, in the event of the failure of one heating system, the other is included.
- Ventilation. To create an optimal microclimate in a greenhouse, it is necessary to arrange an adjustment of the air-exchange ventilation. In addition, it is necessary to carry out a natural way (through the velocity).
- Lighting. In the summer, to protect plants from excess sunlight, it is necessary to create a natural blackout in a greenhouse (hang curtains or blinds on the windows). In winter, when natural light is not enough, it is necessary to connect an additional backlight (for example, high-pressure gas-discharge lamps).
- Watering. For timely growth of cultures need moisture. To do this, you can equip the automatic watering into the greenhouse.
Mini-garden in the city apartment
Tropical paradise can only be equipped if all the necessary conditions are met for this. It was then that a greenhouse or a winter garden will be the perfect place for both growing plants and for a comfortable stay.
Even the smallest greenhouse is not only a holiday location, where you can enjoy the beauty of nature, but also the pride of any owner, in one way or another of the horticultural and breeding of plants. In view of this, every gardener, be it an amateur or professional, dreams of his own, albeit a small greenhouse, which will allow him to do his beloved business all year round and delight himself and his close homely oasis. Especially relevant the idea of \u200b\u200bthe arrangement of the greenhouse in the apartment seems to be a hot summer day when setting up all day in dyed office space, you dream about a sip of fresh air and about the place where you can enjoy not only the smell of freshness, but also the brightness of the lush greenery. In the cold season, in the conditions of the middle band, this desire becomes almost impracticable, and in this regard, we suggest you to arrange the arrangement of your own home greenhouse on your household site, the territory of the country or just private household and even in the apartment. How? Read more.
Orangery at home: a dream that can become a reality
In the modern world, in the conditions of mass extermination and pollution of wildlife, home greenhouse is one of the last chances to enjoy the beauty and wonderful smell of fresh greenery. In this regard, the cherished dream of many lovers of wildlife lovers is the arrangement of the greenhouse in a private house, an apartment or, if the territory allows the territory, residents of country locations have the ability to organize a corner of wildlife in the country area, that is, to equip it in the form of a separate room near with home.
The greenhouse of the house is a separate glazed room, specially equipped for the content of evergreen exotic plants that need to provide them with specialized climatic conditions. Plants cultivated in the oranges are so whimsally that even in the summer, when the temperature regime is close to optimal, exotic flowers and shrubs are not able to withstand, and even more so successfully grow under conditions of an unnatural northern climate, de natural conditions for them are far from favorable. In this regard, it is specially equipped with premises where favorable conditions are created for their growth and reproduction, namely a high level of illumination, abundant humidity and high ambient temperature. They are called greenhouses.
Orangery photo.
Features of greenhouses from greenhouses and greenhouses
Orangery is a room designed for year-round cultivation of evergreen southern plants that are not growing under middle strip. Such plants include citrus, southern palm trees, orchids and ficuses that conquered cold latitudes in their exotic romance. Since these plants are extremely demanding of microclimatic parameters, it determines the need for accurate observance of both humidity parameters and temperature. Based on this, several varieties of greenhouses are distinguished, which must be classified in accordance with the temperature modes:
- Warm greenhouses, in which the temperature is maintained at 25-28 degrees;
- Semi-drying greenhouses, the optimal temperature in which does not exceed 18-22 degrees;
- Cold greenhouses, less common option, with a temperature of from 1 to 8 degrees.
Construction of a greenhouse: Choosing a suitable place
The choice of a suitable place to arrange a greenhouse is one of the first, and at the same time, the important stages of the planning of your greenhouse, on which further construction measures depends. If your home is currently located only at the planning stage, consider that you are lucky, since you have the opportunity to choose the most suitable place for the future corner of wildlife. This will greatly facilitate further work and in the future will allow large windows oriented to the south in the greenhouse.
If you live in a standard urban apartment, then you will certainly have a small number of options for choosing a room for the construction of a greenhouse. In your case, it is better to highlight a separate room under the greenhouse and give preference to a glazed loggia or a balcony. Experts believe that you are lucky more if you live the countryside and have the opportunity to allocate the arrangement of the greenhouse and establish a separately standing frame structure, the location of which also has its own nuances. The place of further construction of the frame structure should be as high as possible and as little as possible exposed to a strong wind.
The durability and operational characteristics of the structure allocated under the greenhouse are also important parameters that need to be considered during the construction of the structure. The main pledge of the durability of the structure is a solid foundation, therefore, for the arrangement of a durable and no less comfortable greenhouse, therefore experts recommend to give preference to a tape base made of concrete or stone. The foundation depth should reach a mark that determines the level of maximum soil freezing in the most severe winters, which in one way or another contributes to the formation of an optimal microclimate in the greenhouse. In the middle band, the foundation depth in most cases does not exceed 80 cm. If you prefer concrete, it is necessary to equip the drainage system of moisture outflow in time, since in the case of its unnecessary accumulation, the concrete will become slippery. We must not forget about insulation: polystyrene plates will be ideal as insulation, which will contribute to the maintenance of heat in the lower parts of the foundation. To prevent moisture accumulation on the floor, it is covered with gravel or fine pebbles, providing the most efficient moisture outflow.
Selection of material for frame and design construction
Material for the manufacture of a frame should have characteristics that allow it to withstand the impact of aggressive external factors, including winds, without losing its initial performance and to be resistant to deformations. The selection of the material from which the framework will be made, depends on the material selected for the skin, since it has a direct impact on the stability of the support frame. It follows from this that the stronger and the harder-drying of the greenhouses, the larger stability should be a skeleton design. In the manufacture of greenhouses, aluminum, galvanized steel or PVC are considered materials, galvanized steel or PVC, the framework of which will respond to all of the specified requirements. A frame for making a frame is considered a less successful option, since the wooden structure is prone to rotting and damage to insects, in mind what has a shorter operational period and needs constant care.
The design of the structure is an equally important point than the arrangement of the frame, since it is precisely from the material selected for the trim, the subsequent cost of the greenhouse content dependes on the cost of heating, electricity and repair of the structure. For the sides of the frame, materials with high lightnessability are suitable, which will protect the plants from the scorching sun, and at the same time the necessary level of light scattering, the necessity of which is due to the high need of plants in lighting. The thermal insulation properties of the material that determine the subsequent costs are equally important. Currently, glass is used to cover the frame (the framework must have sufficient strength), plastic windows and cellular polycarbonate, which has the necessary ease and transparency.
Greenhouse video
Creating a microclimate in the greenhouse: heating, ventilation, lighting
Heating
Regardless of the time of year, ideally the temperature in the greenhouse should be at a constant level. For plants growing in the Mediterranean, it should be at least 10 degrees, whereas for equatorial it is at least 25 degrees. And if you drive an apartment with the help of a water system, to achieve the optimal temperature in the greenhouse, there will be enough permanent influx of air into the room through the organization of the correct ventilation system.
In most cases, the arrangement of heating in the greenhouse involves the installation of gas, electrical, as well as gasoline boilers, for each of which is characteristic of both the advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of electric boilers is the absence of the need to arrange an additional ventilation system, however, in the event of an emergency turning off the electricity during the cold plants, the plants may die. In this regard, experts recommend choosing a combined heating system providing for in case of failure of one system, the inclusion of another. The installation of heating equipment can be carried out in a separate latent room, and if the greenhouse is part of the dwelling or is located in the receiving an extension, then a home heating system can be held in the room.
Now you need to say a few words about the windows in the greenhouse. They are not only the source of light, but also the fundamental heat saving system accumulated in the greenhouse. In view of this glazing windows should be either double or insulated, which will create an obstacle to the penetration of cold air inside the greenhouse. In addition, it is necessary to take care of the insulation of walls for which mineral wool slabs that meet all the requirements for insulation, as well as the sealing of the joints of the balcony structures, is best suited. And another important point about which it is necessary to remember novice gardeners is the regulation of temperature carried out by ventilating and timely opening of the vents.
Ventilation
Another important microclimatic index of the inner medium of a greenhouse, which also has a significant impact on the vital activity of whimsical exotic plants. An indicator of the optimal ventilation level in the greenhouse is the exchange of air from 6 to 10 times per hour. In winter, characterized by the absence of strong frosts, this level of air exchange is achieved through the organization of natural ventilation, which is provided with frequent ventilation through open windows and doors. However, severe frosts or the soaring sun in summer determine the need to organize the supply and exhaust ventilation, with which an adjustable air exchange will occur.
Lighting
Given the fact that natural light is one of the main conditions of the organization of the greenhouse and the existence of plants in general, to arrange a greenhouse, it is necessary to choose a well-lit room or a balcony oriented to the East, West or South-West.
If you are equipping a greenhouse at home, its windows must be purely washed, and are devoid of heavy porter. Since winter plants suffer from lack of light, and in the summer - from excess insolation, the organization of the greenhouse provides for the arrangement of both additional illumination and dimming, with the role of which blinds or curtains on the windows will cope. For additional backlight, it is enough to install high pressure gas-discharge lamp indoors.
If you are equipping a greenhouse on a standard 6 square meter balcony. Meters, to ensure the normal life of plants in your winter greenhouse, there will be a single gas-discharge lamp, the power of which is 400 W, and 2 metal halide lamps, the power of each of which is 250 W.
Air humidity
No less important is another mandatory condition for the content of plants in the greenhouse, which consists in maintaining the optimal level of humidity in the room. For exotic plants, it is at least 70-80%. Since in the summer, the humidity in the apartment is about 50%, and in winter even less, it is necessary to constantly moisten the air indoors. The required level of humidity in a winter greenhouse is achieved by humidifying air using spraying from pulverizers, installations in the indoor of aquariums and pallets filled with moisturized clay and other tanks filled with water. In order to prevent condensate formation in the windows and walls in the event of excessive humidity, it is necessary to ventilate the room.
Plant selection and irrigation arrangement
Like any other plant for plant cultivation, the greenhouse needs to arrange irrigation. If you spend water supply pipes, watering can be done manually, however, the adherents of innovative technologies are likely to give preference to modern automated drip irrigation systems that will contribute to the constant irrigation of the Earth and thereby provide regular and timely delivery to the root system of water plants and It is necessary for the nutrients. Ultra-modern drip irrigation systems in addition to the above features are equipped with timers and motion sensors, the presence of which allows you to adjust the time and amount of water supply depending on the needs of plants.
As for the choice of plants for a greenhouse, to build it with your own hands, here, of course, you can safely give the will of your fantasy. However, there are nuances here. Choose plants for the greenhouse in such a way that the grades growing in the greenhouse at a certain point in time needed similar care and possessed approximately the same moisture needs, the level of lighting and the same temperature. Taking into account the average temperature in the greenhouse in the winter time, a component of 17-18 degrees, flower technicians recommend choose hibiscus, palm trees, monsters and orchids for winter greenhouses, and if the average temperature in your winter garden is significantly lower and does not exceed 5-11 degrees, You have the opportunity to grow olive and citrus suts.
If the greenhouse in the apartment ...
If you live in urban apartments and are the owner of a spacious glazed loggia, the question is: "How to make a greenhouse?" It is greatly simplified for you, since with the onset of the first sunny days, when the loggia will warm up, you can arrange a real green paradise there, placing green specimens there are some particular cold-resistant colds.
The main thing is that the temperature on the loggia reaches the plus values. By paying attention to the way the loggia is oriented and how many hours a day the sunlight falls on it, you will significantly simplify and systematize the selection of plants for your home greenhouse. For example, if the loggia comes to the south, you can arrange cacti and phlox there, while coniferous cultures, forget-me-not, and tobacco feel like on the north side.
Topic paradise can be equipped not only for loggias, but also in the apartment. You can achieve this in various ways, highlighting a separate angle or even placing it throughout the apartment. For example, the curly plants will perfectly cope with the role of "living" drapery for unsightly angles. Choosing a fern for these purposes, you will not only turn your apartment in a paradise, but also make sure that the greenhouse is not only beautiful, but also easy. No less bright decorative characteristics have advantages that quickly grow up, giving the housing a cozy view.
If you are the owner of a multi-room apartment, without prejudice to yourself and family, you can highlight a separate room for the arrangement of a greenhouse, where you can breathe the healing plants, relax after a difficult day or do yoga.
To do this, it is necessary to free the room from unnecessary objects and cumbersome furniture, preferred with light and maximum decorative furniture from natural rattan. To the arrangement of the greenhouse in the apartment are the same requirements as to the greenhouse placed in a separately standing frame room. In the home greenhouse it is necessary to create the same microclimatic conditions as in a separate winter garden. In addition to technical requirements, pay attention to the decorative design of the greenhouse in the apartment.
Purchase special racks, supporting structures and lattices for curly plants and re-adjust the walls with flowers, and to give your greenhouse a special color to place a large number of clay pots and kashpo, which also can also plant decorative vegetation.
The high level of urbanization of modern society requires the creation of special green natural "islets", which will allow relaxed and gaining vitality and energy. The cultivation of most plants is impossible without the construction of a greenhouse or greenhouse structure. The construction of a greenhouse refers to the category of construction of sufficiently complex designs and assumes the presence of certain knowledge and skills.
Species diversity of greenhouses
Most of the home orange glands have long become not only the subject of pride of owners, but also a seating area and relaxation. Before building a greenhouse, it is necessary to determine the view and placement of such a design. Several varieties of greenhouses:
- a duplex of the greenhouse, which was greatest. In the process of construction, the longitudinal axis is oriented towards the south with a deviation of at least twenty degrees. For the location of the skates, the West is chosen and east, which contributes to the protection of plants from overheating and sunburn. Standard height dimensions are about four meters, with a width of up to eighteen meters and preferred length parameters.
- the multicate or block version of the orangeneie represented by compound into one design of several bounce greenhouses. Such structures are distinguished by a slight height and the presence of a glass or film coating. For the inner walls, standard support pillars are used.
- anharine version of greenhouses with a height of seven meters, up to fifty meters long and no more than twenty meters wide. As a rule, such structures are performed in the southern regions, since a significant area complicates the maintenance of the optimal temperature mode during the winter period.
In addition, depending on the internal arrangement, the greenhouses can be:
- shelving;
- illegal or soil.
Oranges that can easily be fulfilled with their own hands are represented by several home facilities. It is most convenient to consider whether on the construction stage of the house.
Homemade Greenhouse: Select Place (Video)
How to choose a place
Choosing a place for home greenhouse-greenhouse is a fairly responsible event. To build such a building with your own hands it is necessary to provide some nuances:
- the windows of the greenhouse should go to the southern, the most illuminated side;
- to create a frame design under a greenhouse, it is advisable to use the belt type of foundation;
- wall and ceiling surfaces of the greenhouses can be performed on the basis of glass plastic windows;
- in the absence of the ability to use a full-fledged glazing, it is necessary to prefer coating from cellular polycarbonate.
If necessary, we take the most easy design with your own hands, which will be used exclusively in the warm period, the use of a brusade frame with a polyethylene film stretched is allowed. When the first frost occurs, the film must be carefully dismantled and removed for storage. With severe climatic conditions and in regions with gusty winds, use polycarbonate coating as a glazing.
The optimal accommodation option is the most evenly lighted area, which is protected from shaders and sharp winds. Home facilities require close attention to the choice of space, as it is necessary to carefully consider the lighting scheme, air exchange and heating. Before making a greenhouse, you need to prepare all the material necessary for construction.
On the pages of our online magazine you will learn.
Important nuances
- To build a structure with their own hands it is advisable to apply the most durable, but light and budgetary building materials. The finishes of significant flaps requires the use of aluminum, due to which you can form the formation of complex forms. Very aesthetic and qualitatively, the coating of aluminum structures with special varnish looks.
- Inside profiles are installed drainage channels that are removed condensate, which is especially important when growing plants that do not require high humidity.
- It is allowed to build with its own hands to the greenhouse to use a plastic version of profiles that have a high level of moisture resistance and unpretentious in care. Such materials are in demand for the arrangement of the structures of minor areas.
- Designer solutions suggest using wood, which harmoniously complements plants, but not suitable for use in high humidity. In any case, protective measures should be applied in the form of painting and installing additional insulating elements.
- The home version of the greenhouses involves equipping the ventilation system, which helps to remove the used air masses and performs high-quality mixing of all air layers. Natural and forced ventilation types can be used.
- Fan systems are equipped with hoods, and the transverse type of ventilation contributes to the promotion of air across natural air flows. Exhaust holes are standardly mounted in the upper part of the structure.
- A air, furnace, steam or water type of heating can be used.
Features of climatic conditions
The correct climate is a decisive factor for growing any vegetation. It is especially important to equip high-quality air exchange, which will insure plants from overheating and drying. The optimal version is represented by equipping the greenhouse with warm floors with heating, in particular, water heating system. The standard calculation of pipes for this type of heating system is based on the general formula:
- the indicator of the two lengths of the feed pipes plus a step when laying;
- to determine the heated area, it is necessary to multiply the width for the length of the greenhouse structure, not counting the gap in thirty centimeters around the perimeter of all walls;
- the reverse system is calculated by the amount of distance from the collector before the start of the pipes taking into account all bends;
- the standard laying step may vary from five to sixty centimeters.
Lighting and ventilation indicators are fully dependent on the type of plant grown.
Standard equipment set
Home Type of Orange Needs regular irrigation. The ideal option is to purchase a finished system for. Modern systems have sensors and special timers that allow you to most effectively adjust the time and the volume of the water supplied.
For heating a sufficiently central heating system, but electrical fans or waves can be connected. It is possible to facilitate the regulation of the temperature regime by means of split-systems with climatic control.
Creating the most comfortable conditions with your own hands requires the use of floor coatings with a low level of thermal conductivity. The best option for floor lining is marble or ceramic tile type. If there is a need to root the cuttings of plants with their own hands, then you need to perform the bottom heated of the greenhouse.
Winter garden, or greenhouse in the house (video)
An interesting design solution in the construction of a home-made greenhouse is the formation of a hanging garden for a device of which it is advisable to use outboard baskets. Special types of rooms are presented with landscaped compositions with playback of mountain, deserted or water landscape.