Water fell well what to do. What to do if water disappears in the well

Our own well on the site is always a joy, because it provides us with clean and tasty water, which is free of rust and chlorine. However, it often happens that the well suddenly begins to decline, or even the bottom is completely exposed.

A dry well is not a reason to dig a new one, as it can be "brought back to life" in several simple ways

Reasons for the drop in water level

There are several reasons for which the water level drops:

1. If the well is built on a perch, then the replenishment of moisture reserves in it depends entirely on the amount of precipitation. Consequently, in dry weather, the problem of water scarcity arises.

2. A well dug during the flood or after it may also sooner or later surprise you with a barely covered bottom. When the soil dries up, the water in the well disappears.

3. Even the water level in the well may drop from the fact that it is built on quicksand, and the pumping of water is very active.

4. The last reason for this phenomenon may be the absence of a casing ring in the well, since in this case water at the upper levels can go into the lower layers of the earth.

What to do if water leaves the well?

There are few methods for restoring the water level in a well today, but they give good results and have been successfully used for more than a decade.

First of all, we are talking about cleaning wells. If this is not done, the water not only deteriorates, but can also decrease.

If the water level has dropped after cleaning, the well must be dug, implying its deepening with the help of additional rings. If the rings in the well have a diameter of 1 meter, then they are supplemented with products with a diameter of 0.8 m. In cases where the well is built on sandy soil, its deepening can be done using standard KS-10-9 rings.

Why did the water disappear in the well? Can you reanimate it? In the article, we will try to find answers to these questions and give a number of additional tips for the longest and most problem-free operation of wells.

Causes

So, the water level in the well has dropped dramatically. A shallow muddy puddle splashes at the bottom.

What could be the cause of this natural disaster?

• Silting up. The aquifer, primarily the upper one, does not always carry clean water. Fine sand and clay particles enter the well and gradually settle at the bottom, reducing the height difference between the bottom of the well and the water surface. What is even sadder is that deposits significantly reduce the flow rate of the well, preventing filtration.

By the way: diaphragm pumps with their vibration somewhat accelerate siltation. Centrifugal and surface devices are much more harmless in this regard.

• Seasonal drop in water level. In severe frosts or after a long drought, groundwater often recedes by one or two meters.
• Excessive depletion of the aquifer through numerous wells and boreholes. If the flow rate exceeds the flow rate, the result will be quite predictable.
• Movements or erosion of water-resistant strata, meaning the complete withdrawal of the aquifer to a great depth.

Solutions

Silting up

If the bucket is able to scoop only dirty slurry from the bottom, while the water mirror has not dropped relative to the usual level, the conclusions are obvious: the well needs cleaning.

The simplest method has not changed over the past centuries. The brave hero of a slender physique armed himself with a pair of buckets, a ladle and descended into the abyss along a rope. After hours of tedious and messy work, the well owner celebrates his victory.

Jokes are jokes, but the method is really quite dangerous.

What exactly?

• Viscous, soggy clay can suck in a person so deeply that it will be very problematic to pull him out by tying him with a rope.
• The subsidence of the rings due to the swollen base is quite capable of burying the well along with the one who cleans it.

Is there a safer way to remove sludge?

Undoubtedly. However, for its implementation - what a paradox! - you need a large amount of at least relatively clean water.

The essence of the method is to blur silt with a powerful jet:

1. Water is supplied directly to the bottom under high pressure.
2. In parallel, it is pumped out and dumped to the ground at a distance with a conventional fecal pump.

After cleaning, the well is completely pumped out several times. Thus, residual silt is removed from the bottom and from the nearby section of the aquifer.

Related articles:

Seasonal drop in level

What if after a few weeks of drought the water disappears from the well?

The obvious answer is to wait. Obvious, but not always satisfactory: when the well is the only source of fresh water, the long wait, pardon the inadvertent pun, smells bad. A more sensible solution is to try increasing the depth of the well.

In this case, it is clearly not possible to do the work while on the surface.

1. In this case, a fecal or drainage pump is installed for pumping out.

Useful: these two types of pumps differ only in the ability to cope with coarse contamination. The fecal pump is capable of crushing lumps of soft clay and pumping them along with water; drainage can only cope with suspensions.

1. After removing the bulk of the water in the bottom, a shallow pit comes off. The pump migrates into it, thereby making it possible to remove relatively dry soil. As the bottom deepens, the pit comes off deeper.
2. Further - a long epic with a pick, a shovel and a pair of buckets.

How to strengthen the walls of a deepened well? As a rule, the so-called repair rings, which have a smaller diameter in comparison with the main shaft, are lowered into them.

Depletion of the aquifer

Half-measure is an attempt to deepen the well, lowering its bottom below the fallen groundwater level. Why half measure? Because after you dig the well, the neighbors who are left without water will do the same. The story will return to its beginning.

A radical solution is the drilling of an artesian well ("on limestone", to the lower aquifer). Lower horizons are generally harder to deplete.

Alas, this work is almost impossible to do with your own hands: a drill string 50-60 meters high in stone, even in sedimentary rocks, simply cannot be cranked. The price of a running meter of a wellbore during machine drilling ranges from about 1,700 to 3,000 rubles.

It is clear that deep drilling is the only way out in case of destruction of a water-resistant layer under water-bearing sand. Deepening the well by a couple of tens of meters with a dubious result is a strange idea.

Useful little things

Finally, let us give the reader a few unsystematic tips for caring for a well.

Suddenly something will come in handy

• Before deepening the well, it is better to drill a couple of meters into its bottom with an ordinary garden drill. What is this instruction related to? It's simple: if you take out dry soil, further digging will be useless, the water is gone.
• The water becomes dirty not only due to the silting of the bottom, but also due to the displacement of the rings. After that, rainwater and soil eroded by it begins to enter the mine.

Repair of a well in this case is reduced to installing a thick perforated plastic pipe in its shaft. The gap between the walls is filled with sand, screenings or fine gravel.

• Full pumping is best done at least once a year, even if the water level does not drop. You will not only remove the sludge accumulated at the bottom: when the water level in the well drops, the flow of water in the aquifer is sharply accelerated. Flushing will remove accumulated suspended matter and is likely to increase production.

Conclusion

If some points remain incomprehensible to the reader, perhaps he will find the answers in the video in this article. Good luck!

Tell me what is better to do in this situation.
The well was made in July 2015 in the Tuchkovo area. 11 rings the whole pillar is the most severe clay the last 1.5-2 rings of fine sand-clay in which the water went (an aquifer and, in combination, a false quicksand, as I understood from other branches and descriptions of Ladomir). The entire stodb went down extremely slowly and at that moment the guys could not dig further (I myself was present all the way), it was very good water coming from under the rings and washed out the soil-fine sand around the lower rings (unfortunately the pump they brought in did not lift from this depth or broke - the woe of the master!). This was the end of it.
Since there is nowhere to live there, the well was pumped as far as possible and the builders used roughly 3 buckets a day. The plots have a summer water supply. All summer and autumn there were 1.8 rings of water, that is, 1.4 meters. The arrival was awesome, you pump it out until the frog is triggered not to the end there always ~ 50 cm of water remains (the sba pump, as Ladomir recommended on the neighboring branches), and the water from the bottom murmurs and rages. The dregs of course also rise slightly. According to calculations, it turned out 800 liters, since this pump fired everything in 12 minutes. The level was restored back somewhere in half a day, but for a day for sure. In general, this suits me, but taking into account the subsequent silting or raising of the bottom, I sincerely wanted to have 3-4 rings of water in stock in the new well.
The guys said that now it is impossible, you need to wait for the column of the well to be wrapped in soil and the rings are fixed. They say then after a while it will be possible to deepen the well for a few more rings. (Again, the question is somewhat, how much?)
As I pumped it in October for the last time, I drained the system for the winter, only the builders scoop up and use buckets. Here's what happened this week. Since I decided to fill the heating system with a storage buffer of 1000 liters, I turned on the well pump. He fired 160 liters and stopped. Indeed, the water level in the well has dropped. While Every day I can take only 130 liters (there is a water meter). While I am filling out the system slowly, it suits me (I am looking for an answer on what to do and the specialists who will do it), but it will not work out like that. I only have a bathtub of 300 liters.
And one more important signal was a little earlier. A neighbor who has an old well located 30 meters from mine, down the slope of the soil ~ 1-2 meters. Even at the end of January, the pier of water in a well of 20 cm was complaining. I told him everything is fine with me, but my guys took no more buckets of 5 per day, and I did not look into the well at the water level. Now, since such a situation, I think my well is deeper and I will pump out all the water from its level, the well will dry out altogether. Now the question is: will I manage only by cleaning the well, or does it still need to be deepened? (I sincerely want to deepen it once and for all while the level of groundwater and dirt is low in winter when digging less)
It is impossible for me that the entire well pillar would move when deepening, since the pressure pipeline has already been introduced into the well and buried in a trench and introduced into the house! I repeat the well was dug in July 2015, the soil is cruel clay at the bottom of the floaters. Do I still have to wait until the soil grabs the mine or quickly lengthen it with repair rings while the water table is low?
Extend by how much? How much the soil will allow is understandable, but if it allows you to go further, then how many repair rings should you install? taking into account the fact that the neighbor is also going to go deeper!
Thanks in advance for your reply and recommendations!

The range of pumping devices is huge, and many of the devices are similar both in the specifics of operation, and in basic characteristics and even in appearance. In this case, when solving the problem of obtaining water from a well, when its level is minimal, models with a side pipe are of interest.

What is the peculiarity of the Italian brand SB AW, which belongs to the category "well pump"?

The suction inlet of the device is located on the side, in the lower part of the housing. But the liquid enters it through a flexible hose, the end of which floats at the level of the "mirror" of water thanks to the float fixed to it. That is, it turns out that in fact this is a device with an upper fence. It is clear how the problem of lowering the column is solved.

The filter through which the liquid is sucked in reacts to all its vibrations in the well, that is, it goes down (or up) with it. Consequently, the water supply, regardless of the degree of filling the source, will not be interrupted. Unless it is completely empty. But this is another question, especially since this does not happen so often; zero production rate is an extreme case.

The well on the site is an opportunity to use natural water without chlorine and other chemicals. It can serve as the main or additional source of water consumption. Many land owners have faced a situation where there is little water in the well. Drought, errors in the installation of the structure, or other factors can become the reason for the fluid to leave. The problem can be solved independently, the main thing is to find out its cause and the procedure for restoring the well.

Varieties of wells

Local sources at sites have the following classification:

1. Cumulative - the filling period after complete draining is about 10 days. Slow level recovery is a distinguishing feature of such sources. Their aquifer has a small head. Filling takes place through the walls and bottom of the shaft.
   

   Information. The height of the water column of the storage well reaches 3-7 rings, 90-100 cm in size.

2. Key - the concrete rings of the mine are installed directly above the key beating out of the soil. The well fills up quickly but has a limited debit. Its filling after complete emptying takes from several hours to 2 days. The reason for the decrease in the flow of liquid becomes contamination or the ingress of foreign objects into the mouth of the key.
3. River source is characterized by a considerable depth, reaching the level of an underground river. It serves its owners reliably, fills up quickly, and has a large debit. If the water has left the well, then the river has changed its course. In such a situation, one way out is to dig a new well.

Types of wells

Reasons for leaving water

The water level in the well is not constant, but in some cases it drops dramatically. What factors affect its value:

Natural

• seasonal fluctuations in the amount of fluid (summer drought);
• changing the bed of an underground river;
• natural composition of the soil.

Constructive

• depressurization of the joints of the rings;
• installation errors;
• technical defects that appeared in the mine of the source;
• silting of the bottom.

The influence of temporary natural factors explains the low water level in the well at certain seasonal intervals: the end of summer or winter. This is due to the long absence of rainfall. Usually, all owners of autonomous sources find themselves in this situation. To exclude other options, it is enough to find out about the state of the water supply from the neighbors.

Attention. Springs dug to the depth of the first water horizon regularly experience a seasonal deficit in filling.

Low water level

There is nothing to be done about the seasonal lack of rainfall, leading to drying out of the water. We'll have to be patient and wait for the natural return of the liquid after the rains. In order not to find yourself in a similar situation, you should heed the advice of experts about the optimal time for the construction of a well. Drilling should not take place during the high water season (autumn, spring), otherwise it will stop at a time horizon that disappears with the onset of drought.

The underground flow feeding an autonomous well can disappear (change direction) as a result of movements of the earth's crust. This process is not noticeable, so one can only assume its influence.

Another reason why the well remains without water is the appearance of a powerful productive well nearby. It takes up the bulk of the liquid, significantly reducing the debit of small sources.

Dry well - equipment errors

The most common cause of loss of productivity in a personal well is bottom siltation. 95% of the liquid flows through it and the bottom filter, so clogging significantly affects the filling of the mine. Why is this happening:

• collapse of soil, blocking feeding streams;
• operation of a vibration pump, provoking the rise of sand or clay particles;
• lack of gravel backfill or insufficient layer thickness.

Elimination of bottom silting

You can notice the appearance of pollution by the changed type of liquid, the bucket does not scoop up transparent water, but a mixture of silt and clay. What to do in this case? We'll have to clean the source. If the site has the ability to connect to a central water supply, then the work will require little effort. A hose is lowered to the bottom of the well shaft, supplying clean water, and the turbid suspension is pumped out with a fecal pump and taken away from the source.

Clearing the bottom of the well

It is possible to raise the low water level in the well in another way, more difficult and dangerous. On safety ropes, a person is lowered to the bottom of the well, equipping him with a bucket and a ladle. The volunteer collects the sludge, and the assistant takes it out and throws it aside. The old, worn out bottom filter must also be replaced with new gravel.

In order to qualitatively clean the incoming liquid, multilayer filters are used, which are poured according to a certain pattern:

• for a clay bottom: 1 - pebbles, 2 - gravel, 3 - sand;
• for sandy quicksand: 1 - sand, 2 - gravel, 3 - pebbles.

Arrangement of filter layers

Attention. Fluid deficiency can lead to a significant increase in fluid consumption. The source slowly fills up, giving the impression of being shallower.

Violation of the integrity of the well shaft results in the loss of water. Various factors lead to depressurization of the joints:

• ground pressure;
• temperature changes;
• poor-quality sealing of joints between concrete rings.

Covering cracks

Any cracks found must be repaired. For repairs, a ditch is dug outside, reaching the level of depressurization. Reliable sealing of the joint is carried out with special materials: "Hydro-seal" - a special dry mixture for sealing cracks in wells, a solution of cement, liquid glass and sand 1: 1: 1. After covering the joints, a layer of clay is poured, creating a waterproof lock.

Deepening the well - to do or not

If the water disappears in the well, then beginners see the solution to the problem in deepening the mine. This choice is not always justified. Work with an old well can be as expensive as developing a new one, so deepening is advisable in the following cases:

• high quality well water;
• there is no possibility (place) for the device of a new source;
• complete drainage of the source.

If the well shaft is not damaged, then it can be deepened using concrete rings of a smaller diameter or a plastic pipe.

Information. Before deepening the well, it is necessary to find out the geology of the formation, otherwise you can get on quicksand.

The depth of excavation at the bottom is 3 m or more, it depends on several factors:

• type of soil (dense, loose);
• occurrence of the aquifer;
• volume of water inflow.

Source deepening technology

Before starting work, the integrity of the shaft is checked, the rings must be connected with staples, and the joints are well oiled. If the operating well is made of rings of 100 cm in size, then the diameter of the products for deepening is 80 cm. The process of additional digging is especially difficult on quicksand, in some cases it is transferred to winter when the water level is minimal.

To refill the well without water, you will need to install 2-4 additional rings. Under them, you will have to remove the soil from the bottom. The work is complex and tedious, which is why it is often entrusted to professional teams with the appropriate experience and equipment. They will drill to the required depth, and then install a large cross-section plastic pipe with slots at the bottom for water to enter.

Installing additional rings

For independent development, you will need a pump that will have to periodically pump out the incoming water. Excavation of soil takes place in a container fixed on a cable with a winch. The lowering of the rings is carried out carefully, in compliance with safety standards. New shaft links are attached to it with staples, and the seams are covered with a special solution. At the bottom, a filter is formed from a bulk of various fractions.

You can evaluate the result of the work done in a few weeks. The incoming water will have to be pumped out 2-3 times until an acceptable transparency of the liquid is established.

Low water level in a well is a common problem. There are many factors that trigger moisture loss. Regular maintenance of the source, control and prompt response to a decrease in the water level will allow restoring filling with minimal costs.