Correct, competent installation of floors is a guarantee of a reliable, long-term service life of buildings. For buildings made of blocks (aerated concrete), additional support is required - reinforcement. An armored belt in a house made of aerated concrete is a special additional structure that is required when installing floor beams and roofs. The production of reinforced belts for houses made of cellular concrete, the installation of floors is regulated by SNiP. Here are the brands and characteristics of the beams, the necessary parameters for supporting them on the walls, what they are made of and how they are made. Compliance with these standards is directly related to the structural stability of building structures.
Armored belt is a mandatory element when building a house
Why is an armored belt needed?
Structure from aerated concrete material will not be able to withstand high loads (shrinkage of the building, settlement of the soil underneath, daily temperature changes, seasonal changes). As a result, the blocks crack and collapse. To avoid various types of deformations, monolithic reinforced concrete devices are installed. Reinforced belt takes these loads upon itself, distributes them evenly, ensuring the reliability of the structure, and connects the walls into one whole.
It is also needed to distribute the vertical load. Giving the structure rigidity, it prevents movement of the floor (aerated concrete blocks expand with the movement of moisture and steam). For this, it also received the name - unloading, seismic belt. Another purpose of armored belts is to protect the edges of the upper blocks from destruction (installation interfloor ceilings). Remove the point load of timber beam frames when constructing the roof. Taking these qualities into account, an armored belt is required for beams and floor slabs of the second (subsequent, roof) floors in a house made of aerated concrete blocks.
An armored belt is needed to evenly distribute the load on the foundation and walls
When constructing one-story buildings, the question often arises whether an armored belt is needed for one-story house from aerated concrete. This element is simply necessary if:
are installed support beams(mauerlat) on which the roof rafters are attached, this is especially true for projects one-story houses with attic;
the foundation is made on unstable soil to connect the entire structure into one (load-bearing) system.
A prerequisite for houses made of aerated concrete blocks is a complete loop of the belt. The outline of the structure must be without breaks. If you refuse to use an armored belt, the appearance of cracks is inevitable. Even despite the lungs wooden floors and reinforcement of masonry from aerated concrete blocks.
Unlike brick structures, for a house made of aerated concrete, the reinforcing belt must be made as a single ring
Interfloor reinforced belt
This type of construction is made for slab or beam floors. The main purposes of floors include the perception and transfer of the load of its own weight, the interior, people onto the walls, the division of the internal space of buildings into floors, and the overlap of spans. This is a load-bearing structure supported by external and internal walls along the entire perimeter.
The basis for pouring the armored belt is the supporting surface of the load-bearing walls, which absorbs the entire mass of the building. General requirements:
installation is carried out along the entire perimeter of the future building, taking into account interior walls;
for external load-bearing walls, blocks with a density of at least D-500 are used;
height, made according to the height of aerated concrete, or less is allowed (200-400 mm);
belt width – 500 mm (possibly reduced by 100-150 mm);
reinforcement cage lies on supports (brick, pieces of blocks, plastic clamps) height 3 cm so as not to touch the walls, thus creating a so-called protective concrete layer;
For pouring, concrete of at least grade B-15 is used.
Formwork for pouring concrete mortar with reinforcing mesh
On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer foundation repair services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.
Reinforced belt for aerated concrete under floor beams, poured into pre-prepared formwork. This frame is made from:
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Aerated concrete blocks.
Plastic.
Aluminum.
This type of formwork is used most often. This is the cheapest and most popular option. Installing double-sided removable wooden frame(made of wood), it is fastened with self-tapping screws on both sides of the wall (to aerated concrete blocks). Top part pulled together with wooden jumpers (step 800-1000mm). This is necessary so that when pouring concrete the structure does not move apart.
Wood formwork is the most common option due to its availability.
The reinforcement frame (reinforcement diameter 8-14 mm), made in the form of a “ladder” (connected by jumpers in increments of 5-7 cm), is placed in the prepared space. The rods are knitted together using knitting wire (every half a meter), forming square shape. It is not recommended to use welding, due to rusting of the welds in the concrete. For beam floors (with not a high load), a frame of two rods, with a monolith height of 30 cm, is sufficient. For covering with slabs, an armored belt with increased reliability is used (4 rods and a monolith - 40 cm).
After removing the formwork, outer wall insulated together with armored belt. If, during finishing, the outer walls are only plastered, then to remove the “cold bridge”, the formwork is moved deeper into the wall. And then insulation is installed in the resulting niche.
One-sided can be used removable formwork. In this case, the external function is performed by aerated concrete blocks (10 cm thick). They are laid on the bottom row using glue. WITH inside a wooden frame is attached. After that, insulation (5 cm) and fittings are laid. The top is also tightened with jumpers.
Video description
How to make wooden formwork for an armored belt:
Belt using blocks
The production of such formwork requires additional additional blocks or ready-made U-shaped aerated concrete products. In this case, internal (5 cm thick) and external (10 cm) or U-blocks (with walls 5 and 10 cm) are installed on glue (on top of the previous row). In inner space, fittings and insulation are placed (to the outer wall). Afterwards, concrete is poured. For openings (doors, windows), at the level of the top of the previous row of masonry, wooden lintels are installed. They are secured with vertical supports.
This formwork option is relatively easy and quick to install. But it is not very popular due to the need to purchase additional material, and as a result, increased construction costs.
An armored belt using concrete blocks will be more expensive, but with their help the reinforcement area will not be noticeable
Belt for Mauerlat
This armored belt is installed from below attic space, both for one-story and two or more storey buildings. It is necessary for installing fasteners under the Mauerlat, and takes the main load from the rafter system (vertical, tensile forces) and the load from snow and wind. Installed fasteners for timber simply in aerated concrete will not withstand these loads. They will become loose (due to the low strength of the blocks) and the Mauerlat will move from its place, which will inevitably lead to negative consequences. It also plays the role of additional strengthening of the walls, preventing them from cracking.
Such a belt can be made of reduced dimensions due to its thickness (by correctly calculating the load) and two reinforcing rods can be used for the frame. Distinctive feature Vertical studs with nuts serve as such an armored belt. They are installed together with the reinforcement cage, before pouring concrete. It is on these fastenings that the Mauerlat will be installed, secured on top with nuts. This is the basis for the roof rafter system.
In the same way, you can make an armored belt in a house made of aerated concrete and under wooden floors. Pre-prepared fasteners for wooden structures, will avoid subsequent drilling of concrete to install anchors.
Pouring concrete
To fill the belt, after completing all preparatory work, ready-mixed concrete (M200) is used or produced on site in a 3-5-1 ratio from:
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cement (M400).
Filling is carried out not in parts, but completely around the entire perimeter. If such a process is impossible, the necessary jumpers are made in advance. Before pouring the next batch of concrete, the temporary lintels are removed, the joints are moistened with water and filled with concrete. The solution is compacted with an iron pin, removing air bubbles from it. During the hardening process (about 5 days), the concrete is watered to increase strength.
Video description
Preparation of solution for filling armored belt:
Conclusion
Reinforced concrete made according to all necessary parameters and rules monolithic belt, will give a house made of aerated concrete blocks the necessary strength and durability. It will protect walls from premature cracks and allow you to make a reliable roof.
Used in industrial and residential construction different kinds materials, including porous concrete. Popular variety cellular concrete– aerated concrete, which has a range of advantages. However, without special reinforcement, it is susceptible to cracking, which is associated with reduced strength. To solve the problem, an armored belt is constructed on aerated concrete. This design allows you to increase the resistance of the load-bearing elements of the building to loads, as well as increase the strength of the structure. Let's look at the features of the strengthening belt and understand the technology.
What properties does aerated concrete have?
When giving preference to gas-filled concrete, you should carefully analyze its properties and study specifications. The characteristics of the material are related to the manufacturing technology. During the production of aerated concrete, air pores are uniformly formed deep in the mass. This feature of the distribution of air cavities has a positive effect on the thermal insulation properties of the material. Aerated concrete walls do not require special thermal insulation and can reduce the cost of maintaining a comfortable temperature in the room.
A building constructed from aerated concrete blocks is more likely to experience the influence of natural elementsThe advantages of using gas-filled concrete in the construction of buildings were appreciated by professional builders.
The material is different:
- elevated thermal insulation properties. They can significantly reduce general level costs of heating the premises in winter;
- resistance to temperature changes. The building material does not crack during deep freezing and further thawing;
- increased sound insulation coefficient. The cellular structure creates a reliable sound barrier;
- environmental friendliness. The manufacturing process uses environmentally friendly raw materials that do not affect the health of others;
- good workability. Not required special tool and equipment for giving the blocks the required shape;
- reduced weight. Lightweight walls made of aerated concrete do not place an increased load on the base of the building being constructed;
- resistance to the development of fungal colonies and mold. Pathogenic organisms do not form in the thickness of aerated concrete and on its surface.
The main disadvantage of porous building materials is a small margin of safety, to increase which an armored belt is installed on aerated concrete. Problem areas are strengthened with a power frame, which is filled with concrete mixture.
For protection, an armored belt is created on aerated concrete, smoothing out the impact of climatic factors Features of the device of an armored belt for aerated concrete
In the vocabulary of professional builders, the term “armoured belt” is often used. Private developers do not always have an idea of how an armored belt for aerated concrete is made and what it is. This is a powerful closed-shaped structure that follows the contour of the building.
It is formed on the basis of available building materials:
- reinforcement grid. Steel rods with a cross section of 0.8–1.2 cm are tied with binding wire into a frame, which increases the strength of concrete during deformation. The power structure includes longitudinally located rods of increased diameter. They form a spatial structure when connected to square or rectangular jumpers located perpendicularly. The use of welding that weakens the strength of the structure is not allowed;
- high-strength concrete mortar grade M350 and higher. It is prepared on the basis of crushed stone-sand mixture and Portland cement, mixed in a standard ratio of 1: 3.5. The finished composition is filled into the formwork structure, in which the reinforcement frame is rigidly installed. As a result of continuous pouring and careful compaction, a reinforced belt is formed. It prevents the destruction of the building and strengthens the structure.
To ensure the required safety margin, the height of the armored belt must be maintained. The design of the formwork allows you to give the concrete belt the required shape and guarantee compliance with its dimensions.
The reinforced belt for aerated concrete not only increases the resistance of the walls of the house to loads from internal and external environment, but also has a connecting purpose For formwork the following are used:
- planed boards. They are assembled into panel elements, which are fixed with jumpers and wire;
- polystyrene plates. The properties of the material that forms the permanent formwork allow for improved thermal insulation;
- aerated concrete blocks of U-shaped configuration. Using ready-made elements you can significantly speed up the assembly of formwork.
When deciding on the design of the formwork, it is important to ensure tightness, as well as increased rigidity. This will create a strong armored belt under the floor beams and strengthen other loaded areas. When performing work, the width and height of the armored belt must be maintained, and the manufacturing technology must be observed. A properly executed reinforcement belt strengthens the main walls of a building and ensures their integrity, compensating for significant loads.
What is the armored belt for on aerated concrete?
Having increased fragility, aerated concrete needs additional reinforcement. At various stages of construction of aerated concrete walls, a load-bearing structure with a wide functional purpose is formed.
The possibility of wall deformation and building destruction is minimized when using this load-bearing element It allows:
- create a stable foundation for laying aerated concrete blocks;
- compensate for the forces transmitted by rafter beams;
- prevent the appearance of cracks caused by local deformations;
- ensure uniform distribution of loads on load-bearing walls;
- minimize the possibility of deformation of main walls under load;
- reduce the impact of wind loads on load-bearing walls;
- increase the strength of buildings erected in sloping terrain;
- prevent damage to the integrity of buildings in seismic zones;
- increase the strength of buildings affected by soil reaction.
The construction of a reinforcing belt has a positive effect on strength characteristics and integrity of aerated concrete structures. To construct a reinforcing circuit on your own, it is important to carefully study the technology for performing the work and, if necessary, consult with professional builders.
Is an armored belt necessary for aerated concrete blocks?
The need to construct a reinforcing belt on aerated concrete walls is due to certain factors that reduce strength:
- The rafter beams are attached with special anchors to the upper plane of the main walls. At the points of attachment, they transmit local forces that cause cracks to appear in aerated concrete walls;
It is especially necessary in a house made of aerated concrete, built on sloping ground. - roof structure in the form of rafters connected at an angle creates loads acting in the horizontal plane. The reinforced belt perceives spacer forces and dampens them;
- The main walls of the building are subject to uneven shrinkage. This is due to the presence of openings of various sizes. A concrete belt reinforced with steel reinforcement inhibits deformation processes.
Having analyzed these factors, we come to the conclusion that a reinforcing contour is necessary to strengthen walls built from aerated concrete blocks. Feasibility of strengthening load-bearing structures along the contour of the structure is related to the characteristics of aerated concrete. It needs strengthening and only with the help of an armored belt can the stability of buildings be ensured by increasing the strength characteristics.
For which areas is it necessary to reinforce with aerated concrete?
Blocks made from gas-filled concrete are characterized by reduced strength and require special reinforcement using a load-bearing belt. It is carried out at different heights.
The following areas require additional reinforcement with a reinforced belt:
- supporting surface of the building foundation. The power edging located at the lower level is called professional term- "grillage". It is formed at the stage of foundation construction and follows the contour of the building. The power edging ensures uniform transmission of loads from the weight of the building, and also perceives the reaction of the soil;
In order to strengthen the structure, the height of the armored belt is equalized with its thickness - aerated concrete masonry. A damping belt is constructed between aerated concrete blocks every four rows. Installing steel rods or laying a special wire mesh increases the resistance of the masonry to the influence of deformation processes. The power edging is constructed by pouring a binder solution onto steel reinforcement;
- supporting surface of load-bearing walls. This reinforcement tier takes the load from the overlapping panels that are in contact with the upper plane of the walls. A one-piece reinforced concrete contour increases the stability of the aerated concrete structure, preventing cracking. The belt smoothes out the loads created by the floor slabs;
- window and door openings. They need additional reinforcement using steel rods with a cross section of 1–1.2 cm. To place the rods in the aerated concrete mass, special grooves are made. Then the steel rods located in the grooves are filled with mortar. This allows you to increase the strength characteristics of the openings above which the blocks are located.
You can increase the durability of a structure by strengthening problem areas using a special reinforced belt. Knowing how to make an armored belt, you can do everything yourself necessary work.
Getting ready to build a monolithic belt: what is needed for work
To do this, you need to prepare the following building materials:
- steel reinforcement with a cross-section of 1–1.2 cm. The use of rods of increased diameter allows them to withstand significant loads, ensuring the integrity of aerated concrete. The rods are placed in the grooves and filled with solution;
Armobelt in the construction industry is used to increase the resistance of the load-bearing walls of a house to external and internal influences - wire mesh with square cells measuring 50x50 mm. Reinforcement is carried out by laying a mesh on the surface of the blocks, followed by applying a small layer of binding solution;
- concrete solution. It is used to form a support contour at the level of the building’s foundation, as well as to fill the load-bearing belt under the floor elements. The solution is prepared using Portland cement brand M400.
When performing work, you will need annealed wire for knitting reinforcing bars used for assembly power frames, as well as cement mortar. It is used for filling reinforcing mesh when strengthening the masonry.
To perform the work you will need the following equipment and tools:
- concrete mixer;
- Bulgarian;
- wall chaser;
- device for bending rods;
- crochet hook.
After preparing the tools and materials, you can begin the work.
How to make an armored belt
Let's consider the technology of masonry reinforcement:
- Make a groove in the gas blocks using a wall chaser.
- Cut the reinforcement to size using a grinder.
- Remove construction debris from the resulting grooves.
- Assemble the reinforcement cage and place it in the grooves.
- Fill the cavities with cement solution and level the surface.
The technology for performing the work is quite simple. Important to use quality building materials and adhere to the sequence of operations. This will allow you to independently strengthen aerated concrete walls.
At its core, an armored belt on aerated concrete helps the building to withstand all kinds of loads, and also protects the walls from deformation.
It is a structure around the entire perimeter of the upper walls of the building made of reinforced concrete.
It must be created between the floors of each floor, and also before the mauerlat is laid.
For example, if the house under construction has two floors, then it will be necessary to install two separate armored belts.
The first will be located at the junction of the first and second floors, while the second will be at the junction of the upper floor and the roof, directly in the place where the Mauerlat will be laid.
All work involves several individual stages works
Initially, formwork will be required, which will need to be attached to the walls of the structure being built.
If the reinforced belt on aerated concrete was created immediately before the construction of the roof, then the Mauerlat is laid on top of it.
If you follow the technology and have all the necessary tools, this work can be done quickly with your own hands.
Before you make a reinforcing belt on aerated concrete with your own hands, you need to thoroughly understand what exactly it is intended for and what important functions it performs.
As you know, it is laid on top of the brick and prevents, first of all, deformation of the wall structures, which can occur due to the movement of the soil, as well as during its shrinkage.
In addition, the armored belt on aerated concrete adds additional strength and rigidity to the entire structure of the house.
It should be noted that it also contributes to the uniform distribution of all possible loads along the wall.
The armored belt helps prevent various point loads that may arise from attaching the floor beam to brick walls.
By its design, it must be inseparable and monolithic, since only thanks to it the resistance force of the wall to various kinds loads, which may result in both cracks and deformation.
In most cases, an armored belt should be made for those walls that are made of gas silicate blocks.
This is mainly due to the fact that the Mauerlat is fastened to the walls using anchors or studs, and these elements are the main sources of point loads directly on the aerated concrete blocks.
If the Mauerlat is laid on top of the wall without this special belt, then most likely cracks will appear. The same can be said about floor beams, which can also become a source of cracks.
In general, the Mauerlat is a source of several types of loads, but due to the armored belt they can be minimized.
Besides, hanging rafters for the Mauerlat, aerated concrete blocks are additionally loaded, as a result of which they begin to expand, and this protective belt helps to evenly distribute all possible loads on the walls.
Preliminary work
Before you begin the necessary work on installing an armored belt on the aerated concrete walls of a house, under floor beams or a Mauerlat with your own hands, you should make calculations and carefully prepare everything.
According to generally accepted practice, the thickness of the belt is taken to be the same as the thickness of the wall itself, despite the fact that its height on average is about thirty centimeters.
At the first stage of work on installing an armored belt on aerated concrete, appropriate formwork is performed. For these purposes, you should assemble a frame from boards, the height of which is taken equal to the height of the belt.
They also carefully think through each stage of the work and carry out preliminary markings along the perimeter of the walls. The construction of the armored belt is the same both under the floor beams and under the mauerlat.
You should also prepare everything necessary equipment and tools that may be needed during the work process. To prepare the necessary solution you will need a concrete mixer.
During the work, you will have to use a special vibrating machine, with which you can eliminate all voids in the solution.
You should also stock up on a sufficient number of screws, fasteners and spacers. In addition, anchor bolts will be required; they can be replaced with studs of appropriate sizes.
You should purchase a serrated trowel, a small mallet and a tape measure. From building materials You will need the gas blocks themselves, special glue and fittings in sufficient quantities.
In addition, for the formwork it is necessary to purchase boards and special equipment, as well as wall chasers. To prepare a mixture of the required consistency you will need sand, crushed stone, water and, of course, cement.
Having prepared all necessary tool and components, you can start constructing an armored belt with your own hands, as shown in the video below.
Formwork installation
The first step is to prepare wooden boards, which will then need to be attached directly to the walls. Wooden shields are made from boards, the thickness of which must be at least two centimeters.
Their fastening is carried out by drilling the wall and installing additional ties with an average step of sixty centimeters.
This will allow the boards to be well secured, as a result of which they will not be able to move apart at the moment when the concrete solution is poured.
The assembled panels should be well secured along the entire perimeter of the walls.
Also, additional fastening of the formwork is carried out using self-tapping screws and binding wire.
After the wooden panels have been strengthened and tested for strength along the entire perimeter of the walls, you can begin to reinforce them.
Reinforcing pins should be placed in the internal space of the formwork, the recommended diameter of which is about twelve millimeters.
After this, you should make a top layer, which is especially necessary if significant loads are expected.
When carrying out reinforcement, remember that the reinforcement should not touch the edges anywhere assembled structure, as well as the upper base of the brick.
You also need to remember that all connections of the reinforcement to each other are made using binding wire; it is recommended to exclude welding.
After the reinforcement frame is completely assembled and strengthened, it should be set as level as possible, using a level.
Filling order
The final stage in installing an armored belt on aerated concrete is filling it with a cement-based solution.
You can fill the armored belt with your own hands without any problems. For these purposes, you need concrete grade M200; one that has a higher grade is also suitable.
Of course, the easiest way is to order a ready-made solution, but this is not always financially justified, especially if you have a concrete mixer, you can prepare it yourself.
To prepare it, you need to take one part cement, three parts sand and five parts coarse crushed stone. This optimal ratio, which will make the armored belt on aerated concrete durable and reliable.
When preparing the solution, you should carefully add water to it, and also make sure that it is homogeneous. As a result, the solution should have the required consistency.
The procedure for pouring an armored belt onto aerated concrete can be seen in the video below.
When pouring an armored belt on aerated concrete, it is important to remember that this must be done at one time.
Experts do not recommend pouring the armored belt in several approaches, since in this case it will lose its main qualities. In the case where it is not possible to fill the armored belt in one approach, you will have to make special vertical cuts.
As such a temporary jumper, you can take an ordinary board. Before the work on pouring the armored belt on aerated concrete continues, the jumper is removed and the joint is generously spilled with ordinary water.
During the work process, to prevent the formation of voids inside the armored belt, you should regularly use a special vibrator, which will help compact the mixture as much as possible.
In good weather, you can remove the wooden formwork panels on the third day, after the reinforced belt has been completely poured on the aerated concrete.
It should be noted that the armored belt is a mandatory structure when building a house from aerated concrete blocks. It is this that helps protect the walls from various influences, and in addition gives additional strength to the entire structure.
You should not save when carrying out work on arranging an armored belt on aerated concrete, as this can subsequently affect not only the quality of the house, but also its durability.
Armopoyas (reinforced concrete belt), also known as seismic belt– a very strong monolithic strip along the perimeter of the building and load-bearing walls made of aerated concrete.
Tasks of the armored belt – significant strengthening of load-bearing walls to increase their bearing capacity, in order to avoid cracks and other deformations due to uneven shrinkage of the building, roofing, wind and other loads.
The armored belt firmly holds aerated concrete blocks together, distributes the load evenly and creates structural rigidity.
Ideally, the geometry, reinforcement and concrete composition of the reinforced belt are determined by calculations.
Typically the width (thickness) of the armored belt equal to the width of the wall, 200-400mm, and the recommended height is 200-300mm.
But it would be wiser to make the width of the armored belt a little thinner than the wall, so that there is room for insulation to reduce cold bridges. Extruded polystyrene foam (EPS) is best suited for this task, as it insulates heat well. There is also the option of pouring armored belts into ready-made aerated concrete U-blocks, but see further in the text about this.
- In case of uneven shrinkage of the house, during seasonal heaving of the soil, during earthquakes, the reinforced belt maintains the geometry of the building.
- An armored belt can level walls horizontally.
- Adding rigidity to the entire aerated concrete building.
- Local loads are distributed evenly across load-bearing walls.
- The high strength of the armored belt allows you to attach all important structures to it, for example, a power plate.
The Mauerlat must be firmly attached to load-bearing walls studs and anchors. Herself rafter system, the weight of the entire roof, snow and wind loads create a significant bursting force that can break reinforced walls. An armored belt under the Mauerlat solves this problem, and it will be performed in the same way as under the ceiling.
- The framework of the belt reinforcement must be continuous.
- The armored belt must be on all load-bearing walls.
- The overlap of longitudinal reinforcement is at least 800 mm.
- The frame is made of two rows of reinforcement, two rods each.
- The minimum thickness of longitudinal reinforcement is 10 mm.
- It is advisable to use long (6-8 meters) reinforcement bars.
- The diameter of the transverse reinforcement is 6-8 mm.
- The pitch of transverse reinforcement is 200-400 mm.
- The fittings on all sides must have protective layer concrete at least 5 cm.
- Longitudinal and transverse reinforcement are connected to each other with knitting wire.
- At the corners, the longitudinal reinforcement must be bent, and try to overlap further from the corner.
- The frame must be strictly horizontal.
Calculate the distance between the reinforcement bars based on the thickness and height of the reinforced belt, taking into account the protective layer of concrete, at least 5 cm on each side.
Do-it-yourself reinforced belt for aerated concrete (video)
Scheme of reinforcement of corners and junctions of the armored belt
Insulation of armored belt
The armored belt is a very serious “bridge” of cold, through which it escapes most of heat, and on which condensation forms on the inside of the armored belt. And to avoid this, you need to insulate outside armored belt with aerated concrete, or polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam. Expanded polystyrene is more preferable. So you need to provide space for insulation in advance, filling the armored belt with an indentation from the outer edge of the wall.
Insulated armored belt for aerated concrete
What brand of concrete should be used to fill the armored belt?
To fill the reinforced belt over aerated concrete, concrete grade M200-M250 is used. It can be prepared in a ready-made form with a mixer from the factory, or you can make it yourself.
Proportions for concrete grade M200: cement M400, sand, crushed stone (1:3:5). Proportions for concrete grade M250: cement M400, sand, crushed stone (1:2:4).
There should be water in concrete minimal amount, and to add plasticity, use a plasticizer.
The water-cement ratio should be in the range from 0.5 to 0.7, that is, for 10 parts of cement there are from 5 to 7 parts of water.
Adding too much water to concrete makes it less strong.
To remove air bubbles from concrete, it should be vibrated with a special construction vibrator, or pierced intensively and for a long time liquid concrete cutting off reinforcement.
Concrete must be poured into the formwork at a time so that it is monolithic (indivisible).
Reading time ≈ 3 minutes
The reinforced belt is considered one of the most important stages construction of a block house. It is done at the end of each floor. The armored belt on aerated concrete gives rigidity to the entire surface of the house, “gluing” the entire structure together and strengthening the entire house.
If you doubt your own strengths and skills, you can invite specialists for these purposes, but those who are more or less versed in the construction business are quite capable of filling the armored belt, following the step-by-step instructions.
How to make an armored belt for aerated concrete?
To do this, you need to buy additional blocks 10 cm thick. outside at home the blocks are laid using glue, then from extruded polystyrene or mineral wool a thermal circuit is arranged. Then, 5 cm thick blocks or formwork in the form of plywood are placed from the inside of the house. In the end it turns out homemade block, inside which the reinforcement for the armored belt is placed, from 8 to 12 in diameter.
It is laid in the form of a rectangle, while frames are knitted - two rods at the top and bottom. In any market you can purchase special fastening sprockets that are used in the work. This is done so that the reinforcement does not lie on the block itself, but is in the air - a so-called protective layer of concrete is created, with a gap of 3 cm at the top and bottom.
After this, concrete is poured, carefully leveled, and a ready-made reinforced belt for the floor slabs is obtained. More detailed description can be seen in the video, also in the photo there are drawings, diagrams and step-by-step instruction for the manufacture of the structure.
If you look closely, you can see studs around the entire perimeter, to which the ceilings will subsequently be attached so that the roof is kept as level as possible and does not move to the sides. The length of the studs depends on the thickness of the overlap. As a rule, meter-long elements are taken and cut in half.
How to properly fill an armored belt with your own hands? This question worries many, especially novice craftsmen. Probably, many are familiar with the picture when concrete is poured from a hose - a special concrete pump that supplies the material to the desired location. But in most cases, the installation of an armored belt does not allow this task to be completed, since concrete under pressure will fall from a great height, and the formwork can simply fly apart. Therefore, it is often necessary to use manual labor, no matter how hard it is.
When pouring an armored belt in a house made of aerated concrete, the subsequent load should be calculated. If it is not supposed to be too large, you can save money. The volume of the structure can be made smaller, but not by narrowing it, but by reducing the thickness. Experienced craftsmen they know how to correctly calculate the dimensions of an armored belt and reduce the cost of its production, without losing the quality of the entire structure, which is very important.
As for filling, there is one more important advice. This process should be performed one-time, and not in several passes. If this is not possible, then it is recommended to first install special wooden jumpers. When the time comes to pour a new part, the ceiling is removed, the joints are thoroughly moistened, and only after that a new portion of concrete can be poured.
At the end of installation, compaction must be done concrete mixture to eliminate voids. To do this, take a piece of reinforcement and pierce the concrete with it. If work is carried out in the summer, when high temperature, then it is recommended to cover the armored belt under the Mauerlat with polyethylene so that moisture does not evaporate and cracks do not form on the surface.