Sometimes a ceiling repair is urgently needed in an apartment or house, but, as often happens, there is no money for a full-fledged decoration in the room, and is not expected. There is a way out - to use budget options for finishing the ceiling. In addition to the attractive price, economy-style ceilings are also easy to finish, so all work is very easy to do on your own. It is enough to choose the appropriate option.
To begin with, it is worth figuring out which options for finishing the ceiling are considered “economical”.
- Whitewash;
- Coloring;
- PVC tiles;
- Wallpaper;
- Drywall;
- Decorative plaster.
Of course, the cheapest, but already completely outdated option is whitewashing the ceiling with slaked lime. Lime copes with its work perfectly - the ceiling will take on a neat and clean look. But it becomes unusable too quickly, and if there are stains on the ceiling, then it will not be so easy to whiten them, and they may show through over time.
Water-based paint for the ceiling will do much better. Modern technologies have made it more viscous, which allows you to paint over even the most difficult places. In addition, color of any shade can be added to such paint (it is also, by the way, quite inexpensive). True, this finishing option also does not give any guarantees that, for example, water stains will be painted over.
But polyurethane tiles will do just fine with this. A great way to make inexpensive ceilings. A huge selection of patterns and the possibility of coloring make this finish a kind of "golden mean".
Of the disadvantages - the tile turns yellow over time, but this can be fixed by simply painting it in the desired color, for example, the same as the floors.
Wallpaper is also a very cheap option for finishing. The choice of colors, patterns and textures is extremely huge, which is just great for apartments with low ceilings.
Decorative plaster is also not too expensive, however, it requires special tools and skills, otherwise it will be very difficult to deal with it. But the finished ceiling looks very good, and still almost does not deteriorate.
How to sheathe ceilings cheaper
Separately, it is worth considering the materials for the ceiling sheathing.
- Drywall;
- MDF boards and panels;
- Metal rails.
The leader in this list is drywall. It is very easy to use, allows you to hide all the flaws of the ceiling, mask communications and has mostly positive reviews.
Plasterboard ceiling can be made multi-level, arched - it depends on the desire. And it can also be painted with ordinary paint, LED lighting can be installed, and, in general, an inexpensive drywall ceiling weighs a little, which is also a plus for it. The disadvantage of drywall is its high susceptibility to moisture - it will warp. Therefore, in the kitchen and bathroom, finishing the ceilings with plasterboard is absolutely not worth it.
MDF boards are also inexpensive finishing materials. They protect well from noise, save heat, they are easy to install, and besides, they weigh a little. But most slabs are sold unfinished, so you have to paint and laminate them yourself. But after such processing, MDF boards can be washed and cleaned without problems.
Slatted ceilings made of metal (or with imitation) are also relatively inexpensive. There is no need to carry out any preliminary work, they weigh very little and are absolutely fireproof. True, it is not recommended to use such a finish in a wooden house, and metal slats conduct very well and amplify noise, like any metal.
Cheap ceilings in the room: decorative film
Of course, you can save on stretch ceilings. Buy a film cheaper, do not hire specialists, but stretch the canvas yourself. Yes, such a ceiling will come out cheaper, but it’s not for nothing that they say that the miser pays twice - this is just such a case. A cheap stretch ceiling can only be in two cases: either a film from Russian or Chinese manufacturers, or a crude fake. You need to be careful: it is not so easy to distinguish.
You can understand that it is low-quality products that have been purchased, it is enough to pay attention to several factors:
- The initial price may differ from the final one by several times;
- "Specialists" will not have the necessary skills and qualifications;
- There will be no required quality certificates;
- The material will be much inferior in all characteristics - this is noticeable even to the naked eye.
If you still want stretch ceilings, then you can still save. For example, order the simplest design, without photo printing and heaps of levels. Many companies hold various promotions and provide discounts. You can contact the masters for advice - they will help you choose an economical, but, nevertheless, high-quality option.
Inexpensive do-it-yourself ceilings: we do it in style
It is not difficult to independently make cosmetic repairs to the ceiling in an apartment or in a country house. The easiest way, of course, is to simply paint with a regular brush, after removing a layer of old paint.
It is also very easy to glue PVC tiles:
- Prepare the ceiling
- Apply glue to tiles
- Press to the ceiling.
It is necessary to glue from the center to the edges in order to obtain a uniform geometric pattern.
A little more difficult with decorative plaster - it requires skills. However, if the relief did not work out, as in the pictures from glossy catalogs, then you can always say that this is such a design decision of the owners of the premises.
The technology of pasting wallpaper on the ceiling is not too different from the technology of pasting walls. First, the ceiling is primed with glue, waiting for complete drying. Applying adhesive to wallpaper. Then you need to gently press your hands against the ceiling, and only then remove the bubbles with a roller or spatula, drawing from the center to the edges. The joints of the ceiling with the wall can be decorated with inexpensive moldings of a suitable color.
The most difficult thing is to hem the ceiling with drywall. You need to carefully calculate the dimensions, and it is difficult to work alone. In addition, if you want an unusual design, for example, an arched one, then you need skills to properly bend a drywall sheet under the influence of steam. This is not the final finish - the plasterboard structure should be painted: without additional processing, the sheets do not look too aesthetically pleasing.
Inexpensive ceiling device (video)
There are different situations in life: neighbors flooded, housing is rented, there is simply no money for serious repairs. But this does not mean that you need to admire the ceiling in spots and pits, because repairing the ceiling inexpensively and quickly is not so difficult. The modern abundance of materials allows you to choose the finish option for everyone. And do not be afraid of the word "budget" - an inexpensive ceiling does not mean "bad". If you follow the technology of work, then the ceiling finished with even inexpensive materials will look clean, neat and fresh.
Do-it-yourself ceiling repair is an important stage in the improvement of an apartment or a private house. The overall impression of the interior of the room as a whole depends on how the ceiling will look.
That is why its decoration is given the most attention.
Work can be done independently, but with maximum accuracy and knowledge of the matter. Modern materials and finishing methods can provide attractiveness and originality.
The final quality of the ceiling finish after repair depends on the thoroughness of the preparation of the substrate surface and the type of coating chosen. In a residential area, you can equip several types of ceilings:
- Cover and adhesive options. The first type includes painting and whitewashing, as well as decorative plaster and liquid wallpaper. The second option is implemented by pasting with wallpaper, plastic tiles and other facing materials. These ceilings require particularly careful surface preparation. The base must be perfectly even and smooth. Even minor defects are not allowed.
- Hemming and hanging structures. In these cases, another ceiling is formed under the ceiling base. It is attached to the frame (cladding) and can be made of sheet and tile materials, boards, panels, cassettes, slats, lining, etc. This type "eats" the height of the room, but does not require careful leveling of the surface. This is especially important in the presence of hard-to-level ceilings.
- Stretch design. The finishing ceiling is formed by stretching the canvas (textile or film), and the supporting frame is located on the walls. This design also does not require careful leveling of the surface.
In general, the preparatory stage of the ceiling repair includes the following activities: clearing the site for work; cleaning the ceiling from dirt and dust; removal of the old coating; elimination of defects and repair of cracks; surface leveling; primer.
Particular attention is paid to the removal of grease stains, mold and fungi. The affected areas of the overlap must be treated with an antiseptic. The wooden elements of the floor are impregnated with anti-rotten compounds.
Removal of the old coating
- Whitewash. Chalk or lime coating is thoroughly washed off with water. To do this, using a paint roller with a foam coat or a spray gun, the surface is abundantly wetted, and then the whitewash is cleaned off with a sharp spatula. Wallpaper is removed in the same way.
- Painting. Depending on the adhesion strength of the old paint, different methods are used. The simplest is similar to the previous option - double, abundant moistening with an interval of 15-20 minutes and removing the swollen paint with a hard, sharp spatula. If the paint does not lend itself, then a chemical method is used. It is best to use special flushing compositions for water-based or alkyd paint. The dissolution of especially durable coatings is provided by such aggressive liquids: hydrochloric acid solution (2-3%); a mixture of lime with drying oil (20: 1), brought to the desired consistency with water; thick water-lime solution with denatured alcohol (40-50 ml / l).
- Tiled flooring. It is removed with a hard spatula. Residues of glue on the surface of the ceiling are removed mechanically using emery cloth or sanding mesh.
Suspended, hemmed and tension structures are removed by systematic dismantling of the coating and sheathing (framework). Care must be taken when removing the dowels so as not to increase the size of the damage.
How is the ceiling leveled?
If it is necessary to ensure a perfectly flat ceiling surface for finishing, leveling is carried out in several stages:
- Closing and elimination of defects. All convex irregularities (sagging) are removed with a spatula, chisel, chisel or emery cloth. Cracks are first slightly expanded with a spatula, and then filled with putty. Particular attention is paid to the junction of floor slabs. Here, if there is a noticeable gap, a mounting grid or sickle tape should be used.
- Primer. It provides initial leveling and improves the adhesion of coating materials to concrete. A ready-made deep penetration primer is usually used. The solution is applied in an even, thin layer to the entire surface of the ceiling using a paint roller, brush or wide spatula. One of the best materials is the primer Betonokontakt.
- Putty. If the ceiling has a slight degree of unevenness, and a layer 2-3 cm thick is sufficient to level the surface, then a putty mixture is usually used. It is recommended to use purchased formulations in the form of a ready-to-use putty or dry mix. Materials such as rough-type filler Isogypsum and fine mixture Satengypsum have proven themselves well. The solution is applied to the surface of the ceiling with a spatula 10-15 cm wide. Narrow spatulas (25 and 50 mm) are used in the corners and at the junction with the walls. With a layer thickness of up to 1 cm, one layer can be applied. A thicker putty is provided in 2 passes, with a rough-type composition being applied first, and then a fine putty.
- Plaster. It is most often carried out if it is necessary to apply a leveling layer 3-5 cm thick. It is recommended to use ready-made, dry mixes based on gypsum, for example, Rotband. Plastering is done with the installation of beacons that form a flat surface. They are aligned with the building level. The solution is applied to the ceiling between the beacons and leveled by the rule. After the work is completed, the beacons are removed, and the rustications are sealed with the same plaster mortar.
- Leveling and grinding the surface. After the plaster or putty has dried, the surface is processed with a sanding mesh or grinder. It is necessary to eliminate all smears and other irregularities. It is possible to provide alignment with a fine-grained sandpaper.
- Finish primer. It is not a mandatory element of the ceiling finish, but will significantly improve the adhesion of the paint to the ceiling. The primer is applied in a thin layer using a paint roller.
After carrying out all the above measures, it is necessary to allow time for the complete curing of the coating. After 2-3 days, you can start finishing the ceiling.
Tool for the job
To carry out preparatory work with your own hands, you should take care of such a tool in advance:
- perforator;
- electric drill;
- screwdriver;
- Bulgarian;
- grinder or mesh;
- spatulas 25, 50, 100 and 150 mm wide;
- Master OK;
- rule;
- paint roller;
- paint brush;
- screwdriver;
- chisel;
- chisel.
It is necessary to prepare containers for preparing (mixing) solutions and delivering them to the ceiling, convenient for work. Measurements and quality control are provided with a tape measure, a metal ruler, a building level. Best fit. Do not forget about protective measures - goggles, gloves, a respirator when grinding.
Finishing options
If the surface of the ceiling, after appropriate preparation, has become perfectly flat, then you can proceed to a fine finish to give an attractive appearance. Most often it is provided in the following ways:
- Painting. This is the most common method of refining the ceiling in all rooms, incl. with high humidity. The best option is water-based paint. It is applied to the ceiling with a paint roller in stripes with an overlap of 10-15 cm. It is recommended to paint in 2 layers. The first layer is applied in stripes parallel to the window, and the second layer is applied along the light flux. Painting begins from the corner farthest from the door. A brush is used at the junction of walls and ceiling and in the corners. Most often, the ceiling is painted white, but by adding the right pigment, any other shade can be provided.
- Whitewash. It can be produced with chalk or lime mortar with the addition of an adhesive composition. The highest quality whitewashing is provided by a spray gun. You can use a vacuum cleaner with a compression function and appropriate hose attachments.
- Pasting with wallpaper or fabric. The process of pasting the ceiling is similar to the decoration of the walls, only the complexity is increased due to the need to hold the wallpaper. Wallpaper glue is applied with a roller on the ceiling surface and wallpaper. Stripes should be applied towards the window so that the joints are less noticeable. With the help of a roller smoothing the wallpaper and removing air is ensured. It is important to accurately join the drawing, because. any discrepancy will be conspicuous.
- Application of ceiling tiles. When installing it, it is important to correctly markup. First, the center of the ceiling is marked, and lines for placing elements are drawn from it. Begin gluing tiles from the center of the ceiling. Glue is applied in the middle of the tile, in the corners and in dots along its edge. The seams between the elements are filled with mounting foam.
The considered adhesive and cover methods are the easiest to repair the ceiling with your own hands. They provide an attractive appearance and harmonize well with various design solutions.
What are suspended ceilings?
Shelving and suspended structures have a number of advantages: perfect alignment of any ceilings, unlimited design possibilities, the ability to provide additional heat and sound insulation. Their use is limited by the increased cost, lowering the height of the room, and increasing the complexity of installation.
The most popular options are:
- Wood trim. The most commonly used lining, which is fastened with self-tapping screws to a crate made of wooden beams. You can clad the ceiling with boards. All wooden parts must be impregnated with an anti-rot compound and flame retardants to increase fire safety. The finish is provided with a varnish that emphasizes the wood structure.
- Drywall. Drywall sheets are most often used to level ceilings with significant defects that are difficult to hide with plaster. They are mounted on the initial and guide metal profile, as well as suspensions mounted on the ceiling. The final finish is made by putty and primer.
- MDF and plastic panels. This coating has an important advantage - high water resistance, which allows it to be used in bathrooms, kitchens and bathrooms.
- Rack ceiling. For its manufacture, metal panels in the form of rails are used, which are fixed to the crate. Of particular interest are aluminum panels with a silver and gold tint, as well as chrome rails.
- Armstrong ceiling. This is a modern version of a false ceiling mounted from mineral tiles. They can be plain, colored or patterned.
These ceilings may have different designs, but their installation principle is similar. A crate of metal (aluminum) profiles or wooden beams is mounted on the ceiling.
Its fastening is provided with dowels. To do this, first, using a perforator or an electric drill, holes are made into which plastic dowels are driven in. The elements of the crate are fixed with screws. Next, the frame is lined with the desired material.
Is it possible to make stretch ceilings yourself?
Stretch ceilings are the most difficult to install with your own hands. However, they have an attractive appearance and are able to perform all the functions of a suspended ceiling. At the same time, they eat up the height of the room less. They are based on fabric or PVC fabric.
To stretch it on the wall, stepping back 10-12 cm from the ceiling, a supporting frame made of a metal profile is fixed. The ends of the canvas are inserted into the corners of the frame and stretched. Then, its edges are pushed into the middle part of the frame and the final tension and alignment is performed.
Plastic (PVC) film is stretched with preheating. For this, heat guns are used. When cooled, the material shrinks, which ensures its complete straightening.
Repair of the ceiling in a residential area can be done by hand. To do this, it is necessary to carefully carry out preliminary work on leveling the surface. External finishing to give the desired appearance can be done in different ways. Which finish option to choose depends on the quality of the ceiling base, the size of the ceiling and financial capabilities.
Repair of ceilings in the apartment is an important event. Let's figure out how to do it yourself - below you will find a detailed description of the work required when restoring a ceiling of any type.
A variety of design original ideas, an abundance of modern materials and interior styles make it possible to mount almost any ceiling structure in a home. Now in apartments you can see both multi-tiered complex ceilings and really simple surfaces, the arrangement of which requires minimal financial investments. The most common options include the following ceiling options:
- with whitewash;
- tension;
- pasted over;
- painted;
- suspended.
All these surfaces have their own disadvantages and operational advantages, they differ from each other in many design and other features. The volume of labor costs required to restore the ceilings in the apartment, as well as the cost of repairs directly, depends on them.
Restoration of the ceiling in the apartment
A home master, accustomed to doing everything with his own hands, can cope with any ceiling surface without much difficulty. He only needs to understand the nuances of a particular technological process in order to perform high-quality repairs at minimal cost.
Full or partial restoration of ceiling structures is carried out according to different schemes (it all depends on the type of ceilings). At the same time, a number of operations must be performed without fail, regardless of which surface you have to repair. Such procedures usually include cleaning the ceiling, leveling and priming it, restoring seams and gaps, and some other do-it-yourself work.
Removing the old coating from the ceiling structure should be done as carefully as possible. If the ceiling has been plastered with a lime-based mixture, whitewashed or wallpapered, it is not difficult to clean it. You need to purchase a paint roller, immerse it in warm water, wring it out a little, and then roll part of the ceiling surface with this simple tool. Moreover, the first passes should be made slightly, pressing the roller more and more with each subsequent rolling.
Such processing of the ceiling must be done until you see that the tool has become dry. After that, moisten the roller again with water and move on to the next section of the surface. In this way, it is recommended to process 2-3 square meters of the ceiling and immediately start cleaning this small piece using a regular spatula. With it, you can easily clean any old coating, whether plaster, wallpaper or whitewash, to putty or concrete base without any difficulties.
If there is an “ancient” putty layer under the finish, it must be checked for adhesion strength. Just try to peel off the putty with a spatula. If it flakes and crumbles, you will have to completely remove it. And then apply a fresh putty layer. When the old putty is firmly held, you can leave it alone and repair the ceiling using the existing coating.
Surfaces on which polystyrene tiles or decorative elements are mounted are best cleaned with a spatula with a high-rigidity blade made of steel. It removes well both the old finish and the applied adhesive. Particles of glue must be completely removed, otherwise do-it-yourself repairs will not bring the expected results.
Cleaning the surface with a spatula with a high rigidity blade
It is most difficult to clean surfaces painted with water-based or oil paint. The old coating in this case is removed chemically or mechanically.
For dry cleaning, a special wash is used. It is sold at any hardware store. You will need to impregnate the old coating with such a composition, wait 10-12 hours (during this time the paint will soften well) and then remove the unnecessary layer.
The mechanical method of removing paint involves the use of sandpaper or a spatula. The process will take a long time, the operation is considered very laborious. But you will have to bring it to the end, achieving the perfect cleanliness of the ceiling surface.
As you yourself understand, it is not necessary to clean the ceiling surface when you are dealing with a room where builders have just completed repairs. There is simply no old coating in this case. You immediately need to proceed to the procedures for sealing cracks and priming the surface.
If you want to do the repair of tension or suspension structures with your own hands, you need to dismantle and disassemble them. In this case, all work should be done as carefully as possible so as not to damage the product. Then you can repair the disassembled ceiling in the apartment, replace its individual elements, and so on.
After removing the old coating with your own hands, you can start filling all the gaps and joints with a gypsum or plaster composition (it is advisable to use ready-made mixtures), and then priming. The ceiling is treated with a deep primer, which perfectly strengthens the base and provides a good adhesion rate. The primer is applied with a brush or paint roller.
The next step is plastering or puttying the ceiling. It is easy to perform any of these operations with your own hands. The specific surface treatment method should be chosen wisely. Remember that the use of putty compositions guarantees an impeccably even ceiling coating with a minimum mass and a thin layer of leveling compound. More plaster is always required, it "eats" a few centimeters of the height of the room. But it is much easier for a home master to work with her. High-quality plastering can be performed by almost anyone.
Puttying the ceiling
Puttying ceilings is carried out according to the following scheme:
- Treat the surface with a “rough” putty if, after removing the old layer and applying a primer, there are noticeable elevation changes and deep potholes on it. You need to completely level the ceiling. Therefore, the putty layer can reach a thickness of 50 millimeters. All work is done with a rule or a wide spatula.
- Place the paint mesh on the putty (no need to wait until it is completely dry) and press this design with a spatula.
- Wait for the layer to dry and start finishing the surface (use any putty suitable for this purpose). Then it is recommended to process the ceiling with graters with sandpaper (they are sold in specialized stores for builders). Their use guarantees a perfectly even ceiling coating.
Plastering can be done with your own hands like this:
- At a distance of about 20 cm from the wall, mark a point for the guide. We make a similar indent on the other side of the ceiling. Draw a line between the two marked points. Then retreat 100-125 cm from it and again make markings according to the already described algorithm.
- Now you need to make holes for the fasteners (if you have a drill, the operation is performed without difficulty).
- Fasten the guides with universal screws. Here it is important to achieve their location in the same plane and strictly horizontally. All work is carried out with the construction level. Feel free to adjust the height of the guides by screwing or unscrewing the self-tapping screws used.
- Fix the guides firmly with thick plaster.
- Wait for the solution to dry.
- Apply plaster in the space between the guides, level the solution with a metal rule.
- Let the composition dry, after which you can proceed to finish the ceiling with a new coating.
A simple way to give an attractive look to the ceilings in an apartment is whitewashing. The whitewashed surface is in harmony with almost any interior solutions. Such repairs are carried out with quicklime. It must be diluted with water, filtered through a sieve and used for its intended purpose. Work is carried out with a vacuum cleaner, roller or spray gun.
Note that the whitewash stays on the ceiling for 1-2 years. And then you will again need to repair it - renew the surface. At the same time, the cost of whitewash composition is minimal.
Ceiling space whitewashing
An inexpensive option for restoring ceilings is their painting. This repair method is more practical. Experts advise using it for the restoration of surfaces in bathrooms and kitchens. Painting in the vast majority of cases is done with oil and water-based paints. They need to be mixed well and applied to the ceiling with a brush and a roller mounted on a bar.
Painting always starts with a brush from the edges of the ceiling. After that, it is better to use a roller, painting over the rest of the surface. When redecorating a painted ceiling, you can clean with a spatula areas where there is swollen or peeling paint, and then apply a new composition to them.
The old ceiling structure can be repaired with tiles. This recovery method is quite popular. You will need an acrylic special adhesive and the tiles themselves. Work is carried out as follows:
- Mark the center of the ceiling, from this point you need to start fixing the tiles.
- Apply an acrylic mixture to the edges of the tiled products and to their central part. Glue the tile and lightly press it.
- If there are excess parts around the edges, cut off unnecessary pieces of tile with a knife.
- In the corners of the ceiling, glue curbs or skirting boards to give the structure a finished look.
All the work described can be done by one person. But to paste over the ceiling with wallpaper yourself will not work. I'll have to call an assistant. The scheme of such repairs is as follows:
- Dilute (according to the manufacturer's instructions) glue.
- Cut off 2-3 pieces of wallpaper from a common roll, treat them with an adhesive (use a brush), wait a couple of minutes (the glue should be absorbed into the material).
- Apply the adhesive mixture to the ceiling surface.
- Fold a piece of wallpaper into an accordion and glue it, gradually unwinding it.
- Smooth out a piece of canvas with a roller.
- Wipe off excess glue with a rag soaked in water and wrung out.
Repair work completed!
The first thing that strikes you as you enter the room is the ceiling. From its aesthetics, a general opinion about the room as a whole is built. A reliable ceiling surface deserves more attention than you think. To put the coating in order will help the step-by-step stages of repairing the ceiling. Doing it yourself can save you a lot of money.
Experience and practice are important at every stage, if you have not encountered it before, we strongly recommend that you contact the experts. The final cost of the project depends on the volume and complexity of the ceiling. Highly qualified specialists will help to develop the project, squeeze it into the design and implement everything in a short time.
The first step is the choice of ceiling material. There is a large selection of materials on the modern market, it is difficult to choose the best option, each is good in its own way from these considerations, we will touch on each.
The most popular are:
- Whitewash;
- Dye;
- Wallpaper;
- Plastic panels (MDF);
- Ceiling tiles;
- Suspended structure;
- Tree;
- rack surface;
- Armstrong;
- Stretch fabric.
Cleanup
The old surface should be cleaned to the ground, if the repair is carried out in a new building, proceed to the next step.
The old facing covering is removed completely. Old whitewash and plaster is first soaked with a roller. The roller is moistened with warm water and they try to squeeze it into the surface. The dried roller is wetted again, repeating the procedure. The wet surface is scraped with a spatula to a concrete base. Large rooms are soaked in sections to prevent drying.
If the surface has been coated with oil-based or water-based paint, it will be problematic to remove in a simple way. The mechanical method is laborious and takes a lot of effort, so buy a wash. Washer is a chemical solution that corrodes the surface. After soaking the ceiling with a washing solution, it should be left to brew for 12 hours. Now proceed to remove the old paint.
In old panel houses, decoration with decorative panels is found. To remove the panel will help ordinary scraping. Remaining stains should be removed immediately so that they do not appear on the new coating.
Crack repair
All cracks, seams must be eliminated, otherwise it will all be reflected on the new surface. First, each crack is cut. The cutting process involves the expansion and breakdown of the furrow. As an assistant, you can use a puncher, chisel or even a grinder. The breakdown will allow you to better seal the crack, preventing it from spreading further.
Each crack is well cleaned of dust and debris. Be sure to treat the inside with a primer, this will improve the adhesion of the future solution to the surface. The size of the defect matters!
Small minor cracks can be repaired with sealant or foam. The foamed gap must be given time to expand, only after that the excess is cut off. Large cracks are closed using a sickle mesh. The mesh acts as a second primer layer, figuratively of course.
Any composition is applied with force, pressing it inward. A sickle must be glued to the patched places, and its width covers the holes by 1-2 centimeters on each side.
Primer
The cleaned surface can be coated with a primer. The primer performs both adhesive and antiseptic properties. Areas affected by the fungus are pre-treated with antifungal components. After applying antifungal mixtures, allow the coating to dry. The primer is applied to a dry wall with a roller, if it is difficult to crawl with a roller, use a brush.
The composition of the soil is covered in 2-3 layers, between each layer a 3-4 hour break is maintained. The multi-layered primer cake forms a film that will help keep the outer layer as long as possible.
Finishing
The prepared surface must be leveled before finishing, otherwise the facing coating may warp. One of the ways to make the surface even is to use wet plaster or drywall sheets.
Wet plaster
This type of plaster is used exclusively for leveling. There are mineral, acrylic, silicate and silicone mixtures. Each type has its advantages and disadvantages, in order to choose the right one it will not hurt to disassemble the properties.
mineral mix
A mixture of mineral plaster is included in the class of environmentally friendly materials. Its composition consists of pure and safe components - slaked lime, Portland cement, natural stone, modifiers.
Pros:
- Strength;
- Resistance to temperature extremes;
- Moisture resistant;
- Breathable;
- Does not burn;
- Easy to care for.
Minuses:
- Poor palette of shades;
- Sometimes cracks appear (it happens when the rules are not followed).
Acrylic compound
Acrylic is the main component of this composition. Polymer resins give the component an attractive appearance and elasticity. The modifier allows you to achieve the desired properties. Dyes in production are added in doses, color uniformity is guaranteed. The heterogeneity of stone fractions does not guarantee a uniform consumption of material.
Advantages:
- Mechanical stability;
- Moisture resistant;
- Does not crack;
- Does not burn;
- Increased heat and sound insulation;
- Easy to care for.
Flaws:
- Not breathing;
- Fading under the influence of the sun.
Silicone + silicate plaster
The main component is silicone resin mixed with natural fillers.
Pros:
- Does not fade;
- Not subject to temperature changes;
- Vapor permeable;
- As part of an antiseptic;
- Doesn't crack.
Minuses:
- Price;
- Application experience required.
Leveling the surface with wet putty is considered a classic way, but requires skill.
Drywall
Drywall sheets are used to level heavily skewed surfaces. In addition to the ideal ceiling, you will receive enhanced heat and sound insulation performance. Smooth wooden surfaces will allow you to fasten sheets without erecting a fastening structure.
A specially erected frame is assembled from a galvanized profile, and by laying additional thermal insulation mats, the characteristics will increase. The maximum height of the frame reaches 15 centimeters, and for low rooms 5-7 cm.
The frame is fixed in the following sequence:
- Surface marking;
- In the middle of the two sides (width, length), a profile is fixed, dividing the premises into 4 squares;
- They produce fasteners for suspensions, on which the rest of the profile will be planted;
- Guides are fastened with self-tapping screws;
- Mount fastening jumpers;
- Sew on the missing details of the frame;
- Install electrical wiring;
- Sheathed with sheets of drywall.
It is better to fasten full-size sheets with two people. The sheet has large dimensions, and it is difficult to keep track of the entire area, it can break at a height. After sheathing the frame with sheets, glue all the seams with a sickle, puttying a layer of putty on top. The final stage of putty is applied in compliance with the surface level. After drying, drywall sheets are sanded, primed and proceed to the finish.
Painting
Finishing is not limited to preparatory processes, it is time to move on to the finishing part. The stages of ceiling repair also involve painting or finishing with other materials. Paint is used less and less as a finishing material for the ceiling. New traditional surfaces have replaced the paintwork material.
Before painting, the ceiling should be prepared - covered with primer solutions in 2-3 layers. Once dry, proceed. To work, you need a roller on a long rod and a brush. The first coat of paint is called a test coat, the appearance after applying the primary coat does not affect the final look in any way. For coloring, water-based or acrylic paint is used, which is applied according to a special technique in at least 3 layers.
Patch of plastic panels
Modern plastic panels have reached their peak, the appearance has a great structural variety. You can fasten the panels directly to the ceiling, or use a frame made of wood or a metal profile. Panels are fastened to a wooden frame with special staples and nails. Plastic is conveniently attached to a metal profile using short self-tapping screws.
For neat lining, use the starting bar, it is nailed around the perimeter and hides the edges of the panels. Carefully consider the installation of the first panel, its skew will cause a defect in the entire structure. Fastening the last panel will cause difficulty, to avoid an awkward moment, first insert the panel into the panel, and then slip it into the trim.
Wallpaper
Covering the ceiling with wallpaper is more difficult than you might think. The inconvenience of the process, combined with the alignment of each strip along the entire length, makes you want to give up everything. Choosing this type of finish without experience is a hand-written verdict. To simplify, you can choose wallpaper without a pattern.
In order not to translate expensive canvases, buy a roll of cheap wallpaper, and practice, transfer the experience gained to the finishing version.
- Start pasting indoors;
- Glue only together, standing one after another;
- It is more convenient to glue one with a rolling pin;
- Start work with the preparation of glue;
- Wallpaper is glued on a primed dry surface;
- Glue is applied to the wallpaper and to the ceiling;
- Each strip is glued butt-to-butt to the previous one.
Ceiling tiles
Ceiling tiles are still popular. The tile is made of polyurethane or expanded polystyrene. Types of patterns and shapes of tiled panels has a wide variety, allowing you to choose for any interior.
Covering the ceiling with tiles is easier than wallpaper, but there are tricks. Before gluing, be sure to treat the surface with a primer.
- To make the tile sit beautifully, pre-mark with a pencil or marker;
- No matter which layout method is chosen, first divide the room into 4 identical rectangles;
- Installation of any method originates from the center of the room;
- Use only polymer construction adhesive;
- Glue dots are applied with a distance of 15 centimeters;
- For reliability, press the tile for at least 60 seconds;
- The last step is pasting the skirting boards.
Was this article helpful to you?
As a rule, the first thing that falls on the eye when entering the room is the ceiling. Accordingly, the overall perception of space depends on the appearance of the ceiling surface. A high-quality surface also constantly needs to maintain the cleanliness and integrity of the entire floor. Do-it-yourself ceiling repair in this case is also the most important task, because everyone wants the created interior to look great not only live, but also in photos and videos. Moreover, this method will save a decent amount and control the entire process from and to.
So, before you start repairing the ceiling, you need to decide on the choice of material. Moreover, the modern building materials market offers a huge variety of different design ideas from simple and concise to the most sophisticated and unique.
The most common are:
- coloring;
- whitewash;
- pasting;
- suspension systems;
- tension structures.
Of course, all types of surfaces have a number of advantages and disadvantages, and also have the main characteristics that distinguish them from each other. Moreover, depending on the amount of work required, it is possible to carry out both full and partial repairs of the ceiling.
As in all repair cases, it is advised to start the renovation of the ceiling surface with preliminary preparation. To do this, we completely clean the surface from previous traces of finishing, and also apply a primer layer in order to level the overlap.
Where to start repairing the ceiling: cleaning
If the repair is done in a new building, then this cleaning step can be easily skipped. But in old rooms, the old coating should be removed and the joints sealed with a primer.
As a rule, in any old premises, the ceilings were treated with whitewash, plaster or primer, so surface cleaning methods have been known for a long time and are quite simple. To begin with, using a standard roller on the rod, we wet the entire surface with warm water, with each stroke squeezing the water more and more into the finish. As soon as the roller is completely dry, you should immediately moisten it again in water and continue the soaking procedure. When the entire surface is wet, then with a spatula we remove layers of whitewash, wallpaper or plaster to the very base of the concrete surface. If the room is large, it is worth dividing the ceiling into small sections and soaking each one in turn.
It must be borne in mind that before removing the layer of putty, you should check it for strength. To do this, in test places, we scrape off the layer with a spatula, if it leaves easily and without much effort, then the layer can be left. But in the event of the appearance of crumbs or flaking, it is worth immediately scraping off all the outgoing parts.
However, there were cases when the surfaces were covered with oil paint or water-based paint. In this embodiment, it will be quite difficult to get rid of the layers of the old finish. You can resort to a mechanical method, which consists in the fact that the paint layer is scraped off with a spatula or sandpaper. However, such a case is quite laborious and dusty, so a chemical method can come to the rescue. It lies in the fact that with the help of a special wash, which is purchased at the store, the surface is impregnated, the layer must be kept for half a day. After such impregnation, the paint can be easily separated from the surface.
Another option for an old finish can be decorative or polystyrene panels. In this case, the repair of the ceiling in a private house or apartment is carried out by scraping the panels with a simple spatula (read also: ""). There may also be cases when traces of glue still remain on the floor, in order to get rid of them, it will be necessary to perform certain work, but it is very important to bring them to the end.
Primer layer
After the surface has been cleaned of all unnecessary elements, you should proceed to the second stage - applying a primer layer. First you need to check all the bumps and cracks on the floor. All defects must be plastered or filled with gypsum mortar to ensure maximum strength. If the composition falls off, then the entire cleaning and pouring procedure will need to be repeated, but instead of gypsum, use a special mixture of gypsum and cement with the addition of fiber.
After all the cracks are sealed, it is necessary to align the sealed place with the common plane of the floor, and also leave it to dry completely, and only after that begin the priming process itself. It is worth applying a primer with deep penetration to the overlap, because this strengthens the adhesion of the surfaces to the best extent. During the priming process, it is also necessary to be extremely careful and wear special clothing so that the mixture does not get into the eyes and hands. After thorough drying, the ceiling repair sequence continues with puttying. Apply and in a similar way.
Do-it-yourself ceiling repair is impossible without applying a layer of putty and plaster, since it is very rare to find a perfectly even base floor. The high-quality implementation of this stage is very important, provided that in the future the surface will be painted or it is planned to apply a layer of whitewash. These two methods can equally solve this problem, however, the choice should be based on the type of surface.
So, plaster can take up to 3 cm of the ceiling, as well as exert more pressure on the ceiling. While the putty is applied in several layers and shrinks, which affects the duration and complexity of the work performed. Nevertheless, the plaster is applied quite simply and quickly (more details: ""), and the putty levels the ceiling with minimal loss of height.
What you need to repair the ceiling: plaster
So, as materials and tools that will be needed for applying plaster, it can be noted:
- mix Betonkontakt;
- dry mortar type Rotband;
- plaster beacons and their fastening;
- one and a half meter rule;
- drill;
- perforator;
- level.
As for the process itself, how to repair the ceiling, the main steps are as follows:
- Departing from the surface of the wall approximately 15-20 cm, it is necessary to put the markup on which the guide will be based. Duplicate the mark at the other end of the surface, then draw a line between the marked points with a masking cord.
- Stepping back from the intended line of 1.25 meters, we duplicate the first step.
- After the markup is applied, slots are made in which the fasteners will be located.
- Then, using self-tapping screws, we attach the guides to the ceiling. Using the level, we control the location of the guides - horizontally and at the same level. If necessary, we unscrew or unscrew the screws to adjust the desired height.
- After leveling the guides, they should be fixed with a thick plaster solution and left to dry completely.
- Further, the space between the guides is filled with a plaster mixture, and the entire surface is leveled along the guides with a metal rule.
How to repair the ceiling in the room: putty
Such an option as applying putty can also be considered as a way to level the surface, only it takes more time than the previous one.
Tools and materials for repairing ceilings in this case are:
- rough putty isogypsum;
- fine putty Satengips;
- primer mix Betonkontakt;
- painting net;
- narrow spatula;
- wide spatula;
- mixing container.
As for the main stages, they consist of:
- If there are small irregularities or height differences after the previous stage, two or three layers of coarse putty are applied. Such a putty has less shrinkage, and can be up to 5 cm thick. In order to remove excess, as well as level the surface, it is worth using a spatula or a rule.
- A paint grid is superimposed on top of the previous layer. It will provide the necessary reinforcement, as well as add strength to the entire surface. Using a wide spatula, press the mesh into the mixture for fixation.
- If the overlap is sufficiently even, then you can simply apply Satengips finishing putty. Using a spatula, apply a layer on the surface and remove the excess. For greater strength, you can strengthen the layer with a reinforced mesh.
- After the applied layer has completely dried, we apply the final layer of putty and level the surface as carefully as possible.
It must be borne in mind that the surface can also be leveled using special graters with sandpaper. And as an alternative idea for repairing ceilings, you can cover the ceiling with plasterboard. That is, the surface is completely sheathed with plasterboard sheets, and then all seams are carefully sealed with putty. The most accurate alignment will be necessary in case of further painting or pasting the ceiling.
Surface painting
If the answer to the question of where to start repairing the ceiling is already known, then you can think about such a surface finishing option as painting. Moreover, this option is perfect for renovating areas such as a kitchen or bathroom, because it is quite resistant to moisture and does not require special care (read: ""). However, in order to apply a high-quality paint layer, a perfectly flat surface of the overlap is a prerequisite, which is quite difficult to implement.
When covering the surface in this way, you can purchase oil or water-based paint. The mixture must also be prepared and brought to the required consistency, and only after that proceed with the staining process. All steps are performed with a roller on a long bar and a brush. As for the coloring itself, it is necessary to start from the extreme sides, which are painted with a brush, and paint the middle part with a roller.
You can also repair not the entire surface, but only part of it. To do this, we analyze the overlap for delamination of the previous finish. We clean these places with a spatula, and then paint again. However, this option is only temporary and may still require full painting of the ceilings.
Whitewashing the floor
Whitewashing can also answer the question of how to properly repair the ceiling in a room. This type of finish is suitable for any room, however, it is more difficult than the previous one. The material is a solution of quicklime and water, which is then filtered through a sieve. Using a roller and spray gun, the mixture is applied to the ceiling. The first tool can quite successfully do this job, while the second is the most technologically advanced and reliable.
The disadvantage of this type of finish is fragility, because after one year the layer will need to be cleaned off and reapplied.
Surface pasting
Another solution to the problem of how to properly repair the ceiling is pasting the surface. Wallpaper on the ceiling is not uncommon today. In addition, the choice of materials is striking in its abundance. However, surface coating with polystyrene panels is considered more modern.
Wallpaper
Wallpapering is complicated by the fact that the process requires the participation of two people: one holds the canvas, the second glues it. As tools, you may need a knife for cutting canvases, a roller, a tray for glue and rags.
The gluing process is quite simple and consists of the following:
- We prepare the surface and dilute the adhesive mixture.
- We cut off the required length of the canvas from the total roll, taking into account the pattern on the adjacent canvases.
- We lay the canvases on the floor with the pattern down and apply the mixture to the entire surface.
- While the glue is absorbed into the wallpaper, we coat the ceiling surface with it.
- Having folded the wallpaper with an accordion, we apply the canvas to the ceiling and lay it out.
- After completing the preliminary work, it is necessary to determine the center of the surface. To do this, diagonals are drawn from opposite corners, and the place of their intersection is marked as the center of the room.
- Then the gluing process itself begins from the intended center. We apply an adhesive mixture to the edges and center of the panel and attach it to the ceiling. The corner of the first tile should be located exactly at the corner of the intersection of the diagonals.
- Further, following the work already done with the first tile, we attach the others. At the junction of the panel with the wall, it is necessary to adjust them to the desired size.
- As a final step, we glue a ceiling plinth or molding around the entire perimeter to further hide irregularities and create an ideal surface.
The main steps for this procedure are as follows: