In this article we will talk about what is a multi-gable roof. A multi-gable roof over a square house has a large number of valleys, ribs, gables, gables. The gable is the upper part of the wall of the building, which is limited by two roof slopes and is not separated by a cornice from below. When the upper part of the wall is separated from the lower part by a cornice, then this is already a pediment. The gable roof consists of two planes that rest on the walls and are limited by gables or gables from the ends.
What is a multi-gable roof
Multi-gable roofs are arranged on houses that have a complex layout, with side lighting of attics, covering extensions, gables above the entrances.
When constructing such a roof as, elements such as valleys must be present. You also need to know that a building with such a roof must have a ventilated attic, which will be completely isolated from all warm rooms.
Multi-gable roofs require a large consumption of roofing materials, and after its installation, quite a lot of material waste remains.
A multi-gable roof is typical for buildings with a complex plan. A type such as is formed by installing several slopes. This is a rather complicated construction, the main disadvantage of which is the complexity of implementation.
When constructing this roof, the intersections of the slopes form internal corners (valleys). A large amount of water flows down them and therefore close attention should be paid to the waterproofing of such corners.
In addition, a large amount of snow can accumulate in the valleys, and this significantly increases the load on the roof. The main advantage of a multi-gable roof is its expressive appearance, as well as the overlapping of several rooms with a single-level roof.
gable roof
A gable roof is the heaviest roof in the construction of roofs, since there are many valleys, grooves, and ribs in the design. It is mainly used in buildings with polygonal building design, difficult architecture.
It is often used in the construction of private houses. The spire has an artistic character, and such elements are installed on domed roofs and towers.
These roofs do not carry a useful meaning, but they do a significant job in creating the architectural style of the building. In individual construction, a gable roof is a complex of several forms, sometimes so intricate that it is even difficult to recognize them.
Today, two-level coatings and half-hip roofs are popular.
Your attention! The simplest design is the intersection of two pitched roofs at an angle of 90º.
The rafter system of a multi-gable roof consists of rafters, mauerlat, girders (beams). An element such as a mauerlat redistributes the load from the roof to the walls of the house through the rafter legs and thus connects to the walls.
It consists of wooden bars 150x100 mm and 150x150 mm. And also for this use pieces of timber having a length of 1.5 meters. The rafters for such a roof are assembled from dry pine boards, which have a section of 150x50 mm.
Rafters are hanging and layered - it depends on the presence or absence of additional supports, as well as on the design of the multi-gable roof. In the roof device, both types of rafters can be used simultaneously.
In places where gable roofs are articulated, slanting or diagonal rafter legs are installed, on which the sprigs (shorten rafter legs) will rest. Due to the fact that a very large load acts on the diagonal rafters, they need to be strengthened - to be rallied into two boards.
In the upper part of the rafters, they are connected with a ridge run made of boards or timber cohesive among themselves. If necessary, additional intermediate runs are installed.
Tip! After the rafter system is installed, the waterproofing film is laid in strips, perpendicular to the direction of the slope, with an overlap of at least 15 cm, as well as with mandatory gluing of the joints using connecting tapes. Close attention should be paid to the places where the valleys are located, as large flows of water will flow along them.
On the rafters, bars of the counter-lattice are sewn after laying the waterproofing layer. Basically, bars with a section of 50x50 mm or boards of 32x100 mm are used to perform such work. Sheathing should be carried out in accordance with the instructions for the selected roofing.
Gable roof construction
gable roofs A lot of owners of private houses want to know how to make a multi-gable roof.
This type of roofs are rather complex structures, and when such a structure is constructed, several fragments of the building can represent gable variations, which are then combined into a single complex, while creating an amazing impression.
Do-it-yourself construction of a four-gable roof consists of the following steps:
- it is necessary to remove the correct dimensions of the house;
- calculate the cross section and length of the rafters;
- correctly position stops, skates, valleys;
- then a Mauerlat should be installed, which should run along the perimeter of the wall and serve as a reliable "foundation" of the roof;
- then it is necessary to install rafters, which are fixed on the Mauerlat with cuts or nails;
- then the crate, waterproofing, the roofing itself, as well as steam and heat insulation are installed.
The design of the multi-gable roof is a pitched roof with sloping roof surfaces towards the outer walls and at the same time provides a natural runoff of melt and rainwater.
The choice of slope directly depends on the climatic conditions of the region, the roofing material and architectural requirements. In some areas, the slope angle is 90º.
The main elements of the roof
Schematic of a four-gable roof The structural scheme of the four-gable roof consists of the following elements:
- inclined planes - slopes;
- rafters;
- crates;
- Mauerlat;
- horizontal and inclined ribs;
- skate;
- valleys;
- grooves;
- overhangs;
- gutters.
The device of a multi-gable roof is a rather laborious process, since additional diagonal rafters should be installed at the intersection of the slopes when erecting such a structure.
In this case, elements such as grooves are formed, which are also called "snow bags". And when installing the roof, special attention should be paid to these elements, since with poor-quality installation, the roof will definitely leak in these places.
Roof forms
With a complex roof, it is necessary to install valleys, which are the least reliable place on the roof, since snow accumulates in these places and the load on the truss system increases.
The four-gable roof is a design of slopes on four sides. It is also called hip or tent, and slopes - hips.
These structures do not require gable walls, but the truss system is more complex than the gable one. Sometimes such a roof is made in the form of a half-hip, and at the same time, the side slopes, as it were, cut off part of the spitz.
Therefore, half-hips have a shorter length along the slope than the main slopes.
They can be located in the form of a triangle, at the very top of the roof, and form a gable in the form of a trapezoid, or a trapezoidal anise - then a triangular gable is formed at the top, which lies outside the plane of the wall.
This design is used for buildings that have a polygonal or square plan. A roof with such slopes in the form of isosceles triangles converges with vertices at one point.
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Roofs are, as you know, flat and pitched. Pitched - architecturally more expressive and, in addition to the protective function, they also have a decorative function. The number, shape and size of the slopes depend entirely on the personal preferences of the owner and the designer's intent, taking into account, of course, climatic conditions and operating requirements.
Design features: pros and cons
Multi-gable roof - the design is quite complicated. It is distinguished by the presence of numerous intersections of slopes, at which valleys are formed, the so-called formed internal corners. The valley is considered the most unreliable element. Indeed, the maximum amount of water flows through them, despite the fact that their slope is significantly less than that of the slopes. Snow accumulates there, increasing the load on the roof. Therefore, the valley can be considered the “weak” point of such structures. So, this roof is not only complicated in its structure, but it is also not easy to follow it.
At the junctions of the roof slopes, ribs are also formed, but, unlike the valleys, they form an external corner.
A vivid illustration of them is, for example, the place where two slopes in a quadrangular roof are connected.
The shape of the structure during the construction of this type is either polygonal, the scheme of which is presented below, or square. It can be installed in houses with a complex layout or in attics, for which it is necessary to provide special additional side lighting. For extensions of such buildings, different heights are characteristic.
However, neither this nor the significant cost, because the complexity of the geometric shape of the structure leads to an increased consumption of material, does not become an obstacle for those who seek to complete their building with an interesting and original accent.
A multi-gable roof, the drawing of which for many may seem no less complicated, nevertheless, can be erected independently, but subject to strict adherence to the requirements of construction technology
Multi-gable can combine under a single roof structure a number of roofs that differ in their type and purpose. The complexity of its device lies in the large number of ribs, valleys, grooves. Its spire is more of an artistic character, and it is often used to install towers and domed roofs, emphasizing the architectural style. Two-level coatings and are considered one of the most popular today.
Rafter device
The basis of the roof structure is the truss system. Most often it combines diagonal and directed to the corners of the walls. The complexity of such structures lies in the fact that all slopes do not rely on Mauerlats, as usual, but on diagonal legs. That is, the bearing capacity of the structure depends not only on the calculation of the sections of the system elements, but also on the implementation of the connection nodes and the installation of stiffeners.
The main node is considered to be the joint at one point of the ridges of the same level of different sections of the roof. The ridge beams are connected at a right angle, but, in addition, each of these angles also includes slanting legs, which are the main support for almost all rafters. The strength of this node is increased by installing puffs.
Slanted rafters are longer than conventional ones, so they are made paired. This technology simultaneously solves several problems:
- a rafter with a double section is able to withstand an increased load;
- rallying the boards makes it possible to obtain a continuous beam of greater length;
- when connecting, the standard size of the parts used is unified.
It turns out that it is practically possible to use the same boards for diagonal devices as for ordinary ones - and the use of boards of equal height for any type of rafters simplifies the constructive solution of roof nodes. In addition, semi-legs or joists are supported on them, thanks to which the layered supports are able to carry a load that is about one and a half times more than the maximum load for ordinary rafters.
The leaning of the sprigs on the diagonal leg is performed in two ways:
- top surface support. A cut is made in the rafters in such a way that half of their section - the upper one - is above the diagonal leg, and the lower one rests on the side surface.
- Support on the side. The main thing in this case is how well the supporting parts fit. The lower rafter can be more firmly connected to the diagonal leg beam by nailing an additional support boss from the trim.
The bottom of the sloping supports, usually for landing on a truss, a beam of timber, thrown along intersecting external walls at an angle, a surf or run console, is cut into the horizon and fastened with nails.
But the diagonal supports located in the valley cannot be supported with a trussed truss.
A truss truss is a truss structure with two struts installed.
The fact is that the valley forms the inner corner of the walls, so they must be supported with racks or, in extreme cases, with struts.
By the way, the installation of roofing in the case of a multi-gable roof begins with the installation of valleys, which are formed at the intersection of mutually perpendicular planes. At the same time, the technology for the execution of this unit depends entirely on the material used as the main one for the roof.
I am glad to welcome everyone to my site again! This time I will tell you about how we built a multi-gable roof from the very beginning to the very end. At the dacha of the wife's parents, the walls of the house were erected. The external size of the house is 9x11. By the way, I note that it seems that the area of a 9x11 house is the same as that of a 10x10 house, but no, the difference is a whole square meter - you can’t fool the math. The walls of the house are made of foam concrete blocks. All four pediments have been erected - accordingly, the roof is multi-gabled. I must say right away that if you decide to make such a roof with your own hands, it’s better not to do this - you will be tormented. Better make a regular gable roof and get a bunch of advantages over a multi-gable roof. The only drawback of a gable in front of such a complex roof is the appearance of the house. Well, the wife's parents have been hatching the "project" of their house for a long time, so it is not possible to convince them of anything. The builders announced 150,000 rubles for the work on the construction of this roof. There was no such money and it was decided to build it ourselves. Three people participated in the construction - Father, son and son-in-law. The time spent on the construction of a multi-gable roof is 17 days. Working schedule: seven days a week from 9:00 to 20:00. At the same time, we did not have time to hem the gables from below. Well, more about that another time.
If, despite what you read above, you still want such a roof, then you have come to the right place! Below I will tell and attach photos about the entire construction process. Let's start.
Before starting work, we have four gables made of foam blocks: 
As you can see, beams and boards are randomly thrown onto the ceiling of the first floor. For ease of installation, you need to put everything in order. It was decided to immediately lay out the floor beams (beam 100x200) in their places with an interval of 600-800 mm, depending on the width of the walls of the first floor: 
The beams were laid out, in places where the beams lie on the walls, roofing felt was placed.
Further, the entire future crate was raised to all the beams (edged board 100x25 mm). This was necessary in order to make it convenient to work at the time of the construction of the truss system. That is, we get a full-fledged floor on the second floor. Thanks to this, we have the opportunity to use goats and ladders. 
We are preparing for the construction of rafters. In order to make it convenient and easy to install the rafters, we decided to install 100x100 mm guide beams. Since the maximum length of an ordinary beam is 6 meters and the dimensions of our house are 9x11, the cross was sewn into an overlap of 50x100 mm bars. These beams (we called them a cross) in the end result will not carry any function of holding the truss system, and indeed the entire roof as a whole. I will say right away that we thanked ourselves 100 times for this decision, otherwise everything would have been much more complicated. At the crosshairs of the cross, the beams were sawn into the floor of the timber. At the same time, a long beam (11 m) was washed down from below, and a short one (9 m) from above. Before installation, we checked the correctness of the cuts and “assembled” the cross. 
To install the cross, we prepared a template for the junction of the rafters, made along the contour of the gable bevels: 
According to this template, we screwed four support bars 50x100 mm 200 mm long to the wall. On these bars, we first laid a long beam of the cross, and then a short one. On the stretched ropes of the four tops of the pediments, we aligned the cross in a straight line and in a level, setting a temporary support in the center. 
After that, we install murlat on the straight sections of the pediment (house 9x11 meters). This murlat will hold straight and slanting rafters. To install the murlat, even at the stage of pouring the armored belt, two studs with a diameter of 12 mm were pre-installed: 
The pediment itself had to be sawn obliquely, since the angle would interfere with the installation of an oblique (bearing) rafter: 
We install the first and second rafters along the gable (size 150x50 mm): 
Why are the first rafters so close together? This is due to the fact that the difference between the width and length of the house is 2 meters - one meter on each side. The crate will be carried out beyond the pediment by 500 mm. The gable wall thickness is 300 mm, 800 mm in total. Accordingly, we lack 200 mm to obtain that very meter of a straight section of the roof. Since the first rafter is attached directly to the gable wall, the second is needed 200 mm from the wall. Two opposite rafters for roof rigidity are connected by an additional jumper. Also, for the bundle, you can immediately nail a beam that will be the ceiling (size 150x50 mm): 
Next, install the oblique rafter. Its length exceeds the standard 6 meters, so it was sewn into an overlap of two 150x50 mm rafters. The upper edge of the rafter lies on the cross: 
A cutout (“heel”) is made on the rafter for a more rigid attachment to the murlat: 
The lower end of the oblique rafter adjoins the side surface of the second rafter. The outer edge of the rafter is at a distance of 50 cm from the wall: 
Next, install all four oblique rafters. At the top of the roof, this connection is obtained: 
After that, we begin to drive all the other rafters. We started doing them from the bottom up at a distance of 67 cm from each other. The following is a series of photos that show how it was all done: 
At the top, for rigidity, the rafters are connected by a jumper: 
In the center, jumpers are made on diagonal rafters one under the other: 
View from the street: 
Unfortunately, we spent a lot of time on these rafters, since each of the rafters had to be separately measured and cut at the right angle for them to fit well to the oblique rafters.
Next, we began to sheathe everything that turned out with a crate. We left 80 mm between the boards of the crate. On the roof ridge, two boards are sewn almost tightly to each other - this is necessary so that later the iron roof ridge can be fixed without problems. 
The crate was released beyond the wall of the house by more than 50 cm. Later, we marked 50 cm and cut the boards in a straight line with a jigsaw. 
To stiffen the part of the crate that is released into the street, we screwed the guide rails. To the same slats, we will then hem the pediments with iron from below: 
After the entire crate has been nailed, sawn off, hemmed with guide rails, you can proceed to cover the roof with iron.
In order to save money, the parents decided to cover the roof with an ordinary profile iron. In this case, it is possible to use iron scraps obtained as a result of cutting oblique corners. If there was a metal tile, then all the trimmings would go to the trash. That is, it turns out double savings - the difference in price between metal tiles and iron and the absence of scraps going to the trash. Also, for metal tiles, it is necessary to buy special gutters installed on oblique rafters, and they are not very cheap. In our case, instead of gutters, an ordinary flat iron was purchased, painted in the same color as the color of the profile iron.
Now in order. We bend gutters from ordinary iron. For bending, we used a cut of the second floor floor beam: 
Next, we spread the vapor barrier film on the crate, fasten it with a construction stapler and lay the bent gutters in the oblique corners of the roof. It looks like this: 
In order to prevent water from flowing on the roof ridge at the most central point, the gutter is bent onto the opposite roof slope, on the opposite side the gutter is already bent onto this roof slope. As a result, we get a complete overlap of the upper corner joint and do this in a circle, with the exception of the last (fourth) gutter. The fourth gutter is simply cut straight across the ridge: 
Do not forget to release the lower gutter so that the water does not fall directly on the crate in the future, but flows directly into the gutter: 
After installing the gutter, we continue to lay the vapor barrier film on the roof. In this case, you must first lay the film, then lay a row of iron, then again a film, then again a row of iron. This is necessary so that you can safely walk along the crate and conveniently mount the iron. If you spread the entire film at once, then walking on the roof will be much more difficult, and this is not to mention the possibility of damage to the vapor barrier film.
Also, do not forget to install the “frontal” corners before spreading the vapor barrier film: 
Next, we mount the hardware: 
Do not forget that the vapor barrier film is thrown over the ridge and subsequently placed on top of the film of the opposite roof slope: 
After the iron is mounted on the entire roof, metal skates can be installed. The most difficult place is the center of the top of the roof. This place is already covered with gutters, but I would also like to properly cover it with a ridge. How we did it can be seen in the photo below: 
Next, I publish other photos of the top of the roof: 
Well, now what happened: 
And finally, photos of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof from all sides from the inside: 
I hope this page will be useful to many!
If you have any questions - ask them in the comments - I will be happy to answer them!
Among all the variety of roof structures, a multi-gable roof is the most complex, labor-intensive and economically unprofitable. However, these shortcomings are more than compensated by the unique appearance with many tongs, gables and grooves.
The construction of this structure without fail implies a process of long and careful design, during which a multi-gable roof and its truss system are built, the dimensions of all structural elements are calculated. Let's consider this process in more detail.
In this article
Advantages and disadvantages
The multi-gable roof is one of the most controversial roof structures, as its pros and cons balance each other out, and the final decision in favor of building such a roof is usually made based on the personal aesthetic preferences of the owner of the house.
Consider the main advantages that a multi-gable roof provides:
- Traditionally, such a roof was erected on square houses in such a way as to avoid cornice overhangs. But the use of this roof is possible and even necessary in the case when the shape of the house is complex due to the many rooms attached to it. It can completely transform the appearance of such a far from ideal building;
- The truss system of a multi-gable roof is characterized by increased strength and stability, of course, if a competent calculation and installation of the structure is made;
- The construction of such a roof allows you to use the room under the roof for a residential attic and, thanks to the possibility of displaying various windows on different sides, provide excellent daylight.
Let's move on to the design flaws:
- This type of roof can not boast of efficiency. The device of the truss system is complex and involves a large amount of waste wood and materials from the roofing pie;
- Due to the large number of junctions of slopes, such a roof is at risk for leaks.
Design and types
It is based on such an element as a gable - this is a triangular part of the wall, which, unlike the pediment, is not separated by a cornice. That is, a simple form of a multi-gable roof is the connection of two gable roofs at right angles over a square building. When viewed from above, such a structure will have a cruciform appearance. 
Depending on the building itself, its shape, dimensions and the desire to create living rooms under the roof, the design can differ significantly from the classical form described above. A set of roofing elements will remain common. Among them, special attention should be paid to two:
- Endova, which represents the inner corner between two slopes. The valley must be especially well insulated and reinforced, since it accumulates the largest amount of snow and debris, and the maximum amount of water flows down it during rains.
- Roof ribs represent the outer corners of the junction of the slopes, for example, the ridge and the junction of several slopes at the top of the roof.
The types of multi-gable roofs are so diverse that they do not lend themselves to any systematization. The number of elements involved in the construction of this roof allows you to give free rein to your imagination and use almost all known roof structures as elements.
Calculation of the truss system
The rafter system of a complex multi-gable roof and its scheme should ideally be carried out by professionals, since this implies a rather complicated calculation and installation with many pitfalls. But if you have initial experience in building roofs and you are not planning a roof that is too fanciful, then it is quite possible to make a drawing of such a roof on your own. 
It is impossible to give an exact algorithm for calculating a multi-gable roof, since the type of construction itself implies large differences in the rafter system, depending on the appearance of the roof. Here are the main points that are important to pay attention to when designing:
- It is necessary to carry out a plan-scheme of the desired roof, displaying the exact dimensions of the building. At this stage, it is necessary to determine such interrelated parameters as the slope of the slopes and the height of the roof. The angle of inclination of the slopes of such a roof is usually steep. Otherwise, it will be problematic to use the under-roof space to create a living room;
- The rafter system should be built on the basis of a number of data, including the snow load of the region and the weight of the roofing. Multi-gable designs produce a large amount of waste, so we recommend that you look at soft tiles;
- The type of truss system depends on the presence of support inside the building. It is important to carefully calculate the location and load on all supporting elements, such as tightening, stops, runs, etc., so as not to miscalculate with their dimensions;
- Depending on the configuration of the roof, different types of rafters will be used: regular or diagonal (for hip structures).
General view of the truss system and roofing pie
The rafters and roofing cake of a multi-gable roof, in principle, repeat the main points of these structures for other types of roofs. Therefore, we dwell on important points that must be taken into account even at the stage of planning the roof:
- Mauerlat is subject to heavy loads and it is advisable for him to choose a bar with a section of 150 * 150 mm. It is more convenient to mount it on anchors laid in the walls during their construction;
- Rafters can be attached to the Mauerlat in three main ways: washed down, staples or corners. In the upper part, the connection of the rafters is made with a ridge beam;
- The reinforcing elements for the rafters in different solutions of multi-gable roofs will be different elements. In the case of a base in the form of a hip roof, diagonal rafters will be mounted, which must be made double and strengthened with sprigs. Strengthening roof trusses is possible with struts or crossbars. In a large building, it is convenient to use ceiling beams for tightening truss trusses;
- The installation of the valley requires special attention. In these places, a continuous crate is made and two layers of waterproofing are laid. A valley plank is mounted on the waterproofing layer. If the element requires docking, then the installation is done from the bottom up so that the upper bar overlaps the lower one and water cannot flow under it;
- The device of the lathing and insulation of this roof in general terms repeats these steps for any other roof.
Summing up
A multi-gable roof is a technically complex structure, for the competent construction of which accurate calculation and knowledge of the installation nuances are especially important.
Such roofs look great both on square or rectangular buildings, allowing them to acquire a more interesting appearance, and on houses of complex shape, when it is the only possible option for arranging the roof.
It is important to remember that any complication of the roof structure does not have the best effect on the cost and strength of the roof. Any element of the roof should, first of all, be of practical use, and not be erected for the sake of taste.
The article will tell about the varieties and arrangement of gable and multi-gable roofs. You will learn about design differences, advantages, disadvantages, as well as calculation features and installation steps for multi-gable roofs, which is carried out in a certain order.
Basic Design Principles
A multi-gable roof is a system of rafters with slopes that are interconnected. The name spitz or pediment is used, but only if the site is separated from the wall of the building. If the wall has several gables or gables, then it is multi-gabled.
The number of forceps is not limited. But most often, designs consist of two, three or four systems. The purpose of the tongs varies.
The installation process itself is complex and costly due to the design features, the amount of materials required.
Multi-gable roofs are a common choice for those homeowners who can afford to build a building that looks like a castle. But over time, it became possible to use simpler structures for the construction of tongs in budget country houses.
Construction and arrangement of gable roofs
The upper part of the building, which is limited by two slopes, is called a gable. The complexity of the design directly depends on the number of slopes crossed.
gable
A gable roof is the most popular option in the construction of residential buildings. Its advantages are in the following points:
several options connection angle diagrams;
under the roof there may be an exploited attic or a residential attic;
duration service life directly depends on the materials used;
ease of installation, repair, reconstruction;
tilt angle, thanks to which rainwater and melted snow are effectively discharged.
The supporting frame of a gable roof is built from rafters or roof trusses. The first is used in most residential buildings.
The second - during the construction of a building with a large area, where a high operational load will be noted.
Rafters in a gable roof are hanging or layered. The former do not direct the load on the supporting structure due to the lack of support. The second type of rafters has a support - a run mounted on vertical racks.
Hanging rafters are used to create a usable attic or attic. Layered - to enhance the strength of the structure when heavy roofing material is used, or significant snow loads are expected.
A truss truss is a structure that uses straight members and hinged joints to avoid bending loads. The truss allows you to reduce the weight of the frame, increase spans and reduce material costs. Sometimes the structure is assembled on the ground, after which it rises up. This improves the build quality and speeds up the installation process.
hipped roof
A four-slope roof appears as a result of the intersection of gable structures.
On our website you can find the most . In the filters, you can set the desired direction, the presence of gas, water, electricity and other communications.
Because of this additional structural element, two simple systems form the technological complexity of a multi-gable roof. Difficulties arise in the calculations and installation of parts for a multi-gable roof. If the inner corner has defects, then this can lead to leaks and a violation of the integrity of the coating.
Other types of gable roofs
Multi-gable roofs make it possible to combine different types of structures. In this case, all crossed slopes can have dormer windows.
The gable roof is the best option when constructing one-story buildings with a large floor area.
If the building is made in the form of the letter "P", "G", "T", then in this case only a multi-gable roof can be used. Hip slopes are an effective option for getting rid of gables.
Pros and cons of multi-gable roofs
Benefits:
external view;
opportunity use in complex projects;
duration operational period;
can be used in houses from any materials;
does not accumulate snow;
space under the roof can be rationally used;
diversity architectural solutions;
effective drainage.
The pitched roof has the following limitations:
drainage system should be branched;
high material consumption;
high price due to the need to use additional elements in large quantities;
can only be used some from roofing;
competent an approach for design and installation.
How are the dimensions of a multi-gable roof calculated?
The complexity of the calculation process will depend entirely on the individual elements of the project.
Specialists lay out the entire project into simple figures to facilitate the calculation.
How is the calculation carried out
The calculation uses a three-gable roof. The calculation starts from determining the height of the ridge, which depends on the width of the building or extension and the angle of the slope. If the problem is solved with another unknown, then first determine the slope angle of the ramps.
When determining the length of the slanting rafter leg, there are some features.
The red line is the hypotenuse, and the blue (the length of the rafters of the main building) and green (1/2 the width of the extension) are the legs. The calculations are carried out using the Pythagorean theorem.
Calculation of the length of the sloping valley rafter leg
To determine the length of the sprues, a calculator for calculating hip roof sprigs is used. The calculation procedure in both cases is identical, only the direction of installation of the sprigs changes.
If the rafters additionally perform the functions of a cornice overhang, then the leg length increases. To do this, use a calculator for calculating the elongation of rafters to form a cornice overhang. In some cases, experts resort to the use of extension fillies, but for them it is also necessary to calculate the required length.
Next, the section of the rafters is determined, which completely depends on the loads imposed on the roof. For the correct calculation of the section, additional elements of the support of the rafter legs are placed. An appropriate calculator is used: calculation of a certain unloading on the legs.
To acquire the correct amount of required materials, the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof is calculated. The total area includes:
couple rectangular slopes without taking into account the triangle layered with rafters along the valley line;
couple trapezoidal stingrays.
The main types of connecting nodes
A large number of different types of multi-gable roofs does not allow defining a single system for installation. Connection methods can be simple or complex.
The beginning of the construction of the multi-gable roof truss system begins with the laying and fixing of the Mauerlat to the concrete base. There are 3 types of mounts:
used embedded hairpin threaded. The distance between the studs is approximately 70-80 cm. Holes are drilled in the beam for further fastening 1-2 mm larger in diameter than the studs themselves.
steel smooth wire. The method is divided into two possible variants. The first one is laid across the beam, which eliminates the need to drill holes. The beam is attracted by the wire to the concrete. The second - the segments are mounted along the wall, and the ends go above the formwork. To do this, you will need to drill holes so that the ends can be passed through the timber and twisted.
Using staples. There are several bracket configurations on the market. Models differ from each other in the fastener. Some are attached to the sides or wall through prepared anchors or holes. This method of fastening is the most popular when installing a beam on a wall.
Regardless of the chosen method of mounting the Mauerlat, care must be taken to waterproof the cut-off between concrete and wood. For this, bituminous mastic is used, which processes the surface, and then several layers of roofing material are laid.
Several connection methods are used in the case of attaching an attic floor beam to a Mauerlat.
Using fortified corners connecting the bars to each other with the help of self-tapping screws.
In the traditional way - cutting. To do this, a groove ½ of the thickness is cut out in the Mauerlat, and a spike of shape and size identical to the groove is cut out on the floor beam. The spike is installed in the hole, an additional hammer is used for knocking. In some designs, additional fastening with the help of corners is used.
Using floors in the design of the overhang, they are cut into the Mauerlat, grooves are created in the details with a depth of ½ timber. For additional fixation, metal corners are used.
Fastening the beams on the Mauerlat with steel staples driven into the beam and into the timber.
When attaching a beam to a rafter leg, one of several methods is used:
Fixation of the rafter leg is carried out using staples, the length is set within 25 - 35 cm.
The simplest method of fastening is fixing with corners. To ensure the most snug fit, grooves for the corners are cut in the rafters.
Gable roof manufacturing
The manufacture of the roof is based on a structure consisting of rafters. The rafters themselves are made of wood or a profile pipe. But the stages of work will be largely similar:
Withdrawal sizes.
Definition the correct length and section of the beam.
Unfold valley, stops, skates.
Installation Mauerlat.
Installation rafters from a beam.
Installation battens, waterproofing layer, insulation and roofing.
The choice of slope slope is selected depending on the climatic conditions of the region and the wishes of the customer. In some cases, a right angle of inclination is selected.
Frame installation
Installation work of the truss system is carried out in accordance with the algorithm:
Creation waterproofing layer the top of the walls with mastic, roofing material.
Mauerlat mount.
Mauerlat markup. It is necessary to mark the points of attachment of the timber to the ceiling. Between the bars there should be a distance of about 60 cm for filling with insulation.
Over the floor beams must be made draft flooring for which inch boards are used. This is necessary to facilitate movement at roof level.
Installation of central racks.
Installation of a ridge beam on racks.
Frame fixation at using two triangular segments.
Installation rafters for valley formation.
Installing others rafter legs.
Installing elements for hardening designs.
At the end of the work, the protruding ends of the rafters are trimmed.
Video description
In the video you can see the device of the roof:
Conclusion
The construction of a multi-gable roof is a complex process that requires not only knowledge, but also skills. Therefore, the construction should be done by professionals. Financial and labor costs directly depend on the number of tongs, the type and features of the project - an accurate estimate can only be obtained after preliminary calculations have been made.