Modal verb ' would ' in English language widespread enough. It is usually followed byinfinitivewithoutparticlesto.

It would be nice to spend a holiday by the sea.

It would be great to spend a holiday on the coast.

AT colloquial speech or informal letter would shrinking to "d:

I'd like a cup if coffee.

I'd like a cup of coffee.

The modal verb ‘would’ has no tense forms and never changes its form. Question with the modal verb would is formed by putting it before the subject, like a regular auxiliary verb:

Would you like a cup of coffee?

Would you like a cup of coffee?

Negation formed by adding the particle not to the verb and most often shrinking to wouldn"t .

We wouldn't want to live in this place.

We would not like to live in this place.

Consider the main use cases would.

To denote the so-called "future in the past"(Future in the Past), that is, what was expected, planned or promised in the future.

She thought she would never see him again.

She thought she would never see him again.

For description hypothetical situation in the present, which is incredible.

I "d love to live in Paris.

I would like to live in Paris.

For description hypothetical situation in the past would have + Past Participle is used (in type 3 conditional sentences)

If we had known they were coming, we would have booked a room for them.

If we knew they were coming, we would have booked a room for them.

What is the difference between will and would in English?

Here you can find out the difference between will and would in English.

In order to understand the difference between these two words, it is enough to know when they are used. Then you can compare when to use will or would and see the difference.

1. First, it should be remembered that these words function as auxiliary verbs in different times. This is their first difference.

Will is an auxiliary verb for Future Indefinite (future indefinite).
I will go there - I will go there.

Would - auxiliary verb for time Future Indefinite in the Past Tense (the future is indefinite in the past).

2. The second difference is the use in conditional sentences. As you know, there are several types of conditional sentences in English. In the first type (realistically feasible assumptions), will is used in the main clause, and in the second type (unbelievable or unlikely assumptions), would is used in the main clause.

If you send me flowers I will call you - If you send me flowers, I will call you (first type).
If I knew your adress I would come to you - If I knew your address, I would come to you (second type).

3. It should be remembered that would replaces will according to the rule of timing. For example, in indirect speech.

Mary asked me whether I would do it for her - Mary asked me if I would do it for her.

4. Would, unlike will, expresses the particle would, for example, in conditional sentences.

If I knew your adress I would come to you - If I knew your address, I would come to you.

5. Will and would can be used to express a request, but would expresses a more polite request, and in this sense its use is more preferable.

Would you please help us - Could you please help us.

The verb will (would - in the past tense)- is one of the most common verbs in English and serves in most cases to build future tenses.

Verb will has only two forms: will and would. Both forms are not semantic verbs, that is, they do not denote any action by themselves, and therefore they are not translated out of context.

Auxiliary verb WILL

As an auxiliary, verb will/would is needed in two cases: to build the future tense and conditional sentences. The verb performs a purely technical, auxiliary function of building a grammatical structure, without adding any special meaning or emotional connotation to the sentence.

1. Education of the future tense

Auxiliary will is used to form the future tense forms of all kinds of tense forms of the verb, the simplest example is, the simple future tense. Will is placed before the semantic verb, which is used in the simple future tense in initial form, without endings.

He will move to the capital. He will soon move to the capital.

I will come to see you tomorrow. - I'll come visit you tomorrow.

Verb would is used to form the form “future in the past” ().

He said that he would move to the capital soon. He said that he would soon move to the capital.

I said that I would come to see you. “I said I would come to visit you.

2. Formation of conditional sentences

Verb will used in conditional sentences of the first type:

If I find the phone number, I will call him. If I find a phone number, I'll call him.

If you help me, I will don't forget it. If you help me, I won't forget this.

Verb would needed to build subjunctive mood forms in conditional sentences of the second and third types:

If I were you, I would think twice. “I would think twice if I were you. (second type)

If you had betrayed me, I would have not forgiven you. “If you had betrayed me, I would not have forgiven you. (third type)

Modal verb WILL

Unlike the auxiliary, the modal verb will adds to the statement the attitude of the speaker to the action. In other words, here we are talking not just about the future tense, but about giving the expression an emotional coloring.

1. Determination, confidence in the action.

I will take what is mine. “I will take what is mine.

I will not surrender. - I will not give up.

2. Confidence in the commission of an action by another person, a threat.

You will release the prisoners. “You will release the prisoners.

You will accept our offer. You accept our offer.

They will give us what we want. They will give us what we want.

3. A polite request or question, a request in an interrogative form.

Will you write your name here? – Could you write your name here?

Will you give me a hand? – Could you help me?

Will will you marry me? - Will you marry me?

Questions can also be asked with would, which will sound softer, more polite, and less confident.

Would will you help me with my car? – Could you help me with my car?

4. In negative sentences - perseverance in committing an action.

This man will not stop. This man won't stop.

The window will not open. - The window won't open.

5. Stubborn unwillingness to do something in the past

This meaning is only in the past tense, so would is used.

I told you not to take my car but you wouldn't listen! “I told you not to take my car, but you didn’t listen!”

Why did she have to go? I don't know, she wouldn't say. Why did she have to leave? I don't know, she wouldn't have said anything.

6. Repeated action in the past (with the verb would)

There is often a hint of nostalgia in such expressions.

That old actor would sit and rewatch his old movies for hours. This old actor used to sit and watch his old films for hours.

Will and Shall

In old English textbooks, you can read that along with the verb will as auxiliary(not to be confused with modal) for the formation of forms of the future tense in the 1st person singular and plural used shall.

I shall go. - I will go.

We shall go. - We will go.

In modern English shall as auxiliary is practically not used anymore, you can safely say I will go, We will go.

However shall used as modal verb, that is, to express the attitude of the speaker to the action. Here are examples of such cases:

1. A question in order to receive an instruction, an order (in sentences from the first person):

Shall I bring you water? - Shall I bring you some water?

Shall I go? - I went?

Shall I call you the manager? - Would you like a manager?

2. Threat, promise (appeal to the second, third person)

This is the last warning. You shall bring me the money. “This is the last warning. You bring me money.

I'm fired. My boss shall regret his decision. - I'm fired. My boss will regret his decision.

3. Obligation, obligation to perform an action (as a rule, in official documents, contracts)

The contractor shall provide them with housing. – The contractor is obliged to provide them with housing.

Note: At the verb shall also has a past tense form should, more about the use of should as a modal verb is written in the article

Will or Going to?

The intention to perform an action in the future can be expressed not only with the help of will, but also using the turnover to be going to. There are many subtle nuances in the use of these two methods, depending on the situation, context, intonation. But most general rule like this:

• will- an expression of confidence in the performance of an action, something like “I WILL DO this”, “this WILL HAPPEN”.
• to be going to- a planned, intended action, usually in the near future, something like "I'm GOING to do this."

I will tell my girlfriend the truth tonight. “Tonight I will TELL my girlfriend the whole truth.

I am going to tell my girlfriend the truth tonight. “I'm going to tell my girlfriend the whole truth tonight.

Other uses for will and to be going to:

The verb will (past tense would) has two functions in English:
The first is the action which is planned for the future:

I will go there. (I'll go there).

The second is a modal verb that helps to express desire, readiness, determination to take action.: She will have her own way. (She'll do things her way.)

As well as some degree of confidence and perseverance of the speaker:

That will be a doctor at the door. (Looks like the doctor has come.)

A bit of history

It is curious that in ancient English there was no special form of the future tense. The fact that the action is planned, people guessed with the help of context. For Russian speakers, it will help to remember the main lexical meaning of the verb will, the consonant word "will". After all, in fact, one of the most popular uses of will is precisely the will to do something (or, on the contrary, refuse to act).

A feature of modern English is that it does not have a form of the future tense, without additional shades: necessity, coercion, desire, speaking or writing. This must be taken into account when using the verbs will and would.

It should be recalled that until recently, teachers of classical English grammar for the education of the Future Simple (Future Indefinite) required the use of the verb shall in the 1st person. Nevertheless, the language lives and develops, and today will is almost universally considered the colloquial norm for all persons and numbers. On rare occasions, the use of shall gives the speech a more formal or mentoring tone.

The main uses of the verb will

• To indicate intention, desire, promise:
  He will help you. He will help you.
  We will come and see you next week. We will visit you next week.
• To express a request, an order:
  You will tell me all secrets! You tell me all the secrets!
  This form of categorical command, almost a threat, is noticeably softened by the use of please:
  Will you close the dour, please? Could you please close the door?
• To express some degree of certainty:
  We'll see you tomorrow. We'll see you tomorrow.
  He will be about fifty. He must be about fifty years old.

The main uses of the verb would

To express the possibility certain actions in past ( subjunctive mood, is translated using the particle "would").
If he knew, he would be glad. If he knew, he would be glad.

It is important to remember here that in English there is a strict rule for coordinating tenses. Therefore, if in the main clause the verb was used in the past tense, then in the subordinate clause, Future in the Past is used. For this purpose, we just use would. The difficulty, which often gives rise to errors, is that in Russian, subordinate clause translated simply into the future tense.

I knew that you would give me a chance. I knew you would give me a chance.

In the present tense, this form is used for especially polite, non-categorical requests.:

Would you come in? Won't you come in?
Would you close the window? Will you close the window?

To describe habitual actions in the past:
He would visit her every day. He used to visit her every day.

Used in reasoning and conjecture:
I wonder whether he would object ... I wonder if he would object ...

Sometimes the same verb is used to describe and convey direct speech:
She said she would leave. She said she would leave.

Abbreviated and negative forms of the verbs will and would

AT English speech quite often the shortened (reduced) form of verbs is used. In cases where the proposal is affirmative, everything is quite simple:
I will - I'll
I'll. visit this museum
I will visit this museum.

He (she) will -he'll (she'll)
He'll (she will) ask me about it. He/she will ask for it

We will - We'll
We'll (we will) look after the children.
We will look after the children.
They will be on time.

The abbreviated form would be even easier to use. It is formed according to one rule, reduced to a short "‘d":
We were confident that he'd (he would) find a solution. We were confident that he would keep his promise.

Some difficulties may arise when using the shortened negative form of the verb will. In this case, remember to use general principle no abbreviations for this verb! The forms willn't and willnot don't exist! The correct ones are won't from will (will not);

The verb would forms a short negative form as a general rule: wouldn't
We knew that they wouldn't go to Moscow.

Features of the use of the verbs will and would

It is curious that in colloquial speech won't is pronounced exactly the same as the verb want (want, wish). You can recognize their meaning with the help of context, as well as a strict grammatical requirement. The verb want has its own meaning. It is not modal, therefore, it must be separated from another verb by the to particle.

Let's take two sentences as an example:

We won't invite them. We will not invite them.

We want to invite them; already translated differently: We want to invite them.

With the verb would, there are several set expressions(idioms), popular in colloquial speech: would rather; would be better; would sooner.

I would rather go on the next train. I'll probably take the next train.

You would better look after him. You better look after him.

She said she would sooner stay at home. She would rather stay at home.

You can also remember a few proverbs with these verbs that will make your speech more natural and help you remember the verbs better:

Hawks will not pick hawks' eyes. - in literal translation, we are talking about hawks. Russian equivalent: A raven to a crow, it won't peck out its eye.
Many words will not fill a bushel. - Words won't help.

The verb will in English has two functions - a modal verb and an auxiliary verb, which is used to form the future tense. And it is not at all accidental that one verb performs these two, seemingly so different, functions. The fact is that in modern English the future tense always carries some additional connotation: either necessity, or coercion, or wish. What is usually conveyed by a modal verb.

Will as a modal verb

The modal verb will means in English the resolve or agreement of the speaker to perform some action. In this sense, the modal verb will is used only in affirmative proposals.
Examples:

We will help you.
We will help you. (we promise to help)

I don't like this job but I will work.
I don't like this job, but I will work. (agreement)

In interrogative sentences, the verb will adds politeness to the question or makes a polite request.
For example:

Will you repeat open the door?
Could you open the door?

In negative sentences, the presence of will indicates perseverance and perseverance in performing an action:

The plane will not take off.
The plane doesn't take off.

Will as an auxiliary verb

How to build sentences correctly

with the modal verb will?

As in the case of other modal verbs, in affirmative sentences the modal verb will is placed immediately after the subject, after will immediately comes semantic verb. For example:

We will help you.
We will help you.

Here we (we) is the subject, help (to help) is the semantic verb.

The presence of the modal verb will allows you to do without the auxiliary verb do :

• in an interrogative sentence, will is placed before the subject;
• in negative sentence particle not is placed immediately after will.

Sentences in which will is used as an auxiliary verb follow the same rules.

Modal verb would

In addition, the verb would can act as an auxiliary verb in the formation of the tense future in the past. Learn more about this feature verb would you can read in the article