Usually every house has a couple of brushes with which he paints everything: from windows and doors to fences in the country. They also use it to tint batteries and glue wallpaper. Let's figure out what types of brushes there are and what they are suitable for.
Kinds
Fileting brush
A small brush with a comfortable handle and stiff white bristles with a diameter of 6–18 mm. Suitable for painting hard-to-reach places or for outlining lines for decorative work.
Radiator brush
The name itself suggests that this brush is designed for painting batteries. With its help you will get to all the seams and bends.
Bristle
All brushes can be divided into three categories:
- Brushes with natural fiber bristles. They absorb and hold paint well and apply it in an even layer. Suitable for oil-based paints, drying oils, varnishes and wood oils.
- Brushes with bristles made of synthetic materials. Thin and smooth, suitable for formulations on water based: Nylon fibers repel excess moisture and retain their shape.
- Mixed bristle brushes. They hold paint well and do not lose their shape. They can be used for both water-based and oil-based formulations. Ideal for outdoor use.
If you have just purchased a brush, wash it before use. hot water with soap - this will remove dust and broken fibers. Then be sure to squeeze it out and dry it.
Before painting anything, leave the brush in water for an hour. The bristles will become softer and swell, and the layers will lie evenly. The main thing is not to put the brush in the jar, but hang it up, otherwise the bristles may become deformed.
If your paint is oil or alkyd based, then dry the brush well before use.
To prevent the brush from “streaking” and leaving hairs on the surface, work it on brick, concrete or rough plaster before starting work.
If you used oil-based paints, first rinse the brush thoroughly in a solvent (kerosene, turpentine, white spirit), and then wash with hot water and soap. If the paints are water-based, go straight to hot water.
Construction technologies are developing, but in the area painting work The main tools are still rollers and brushes. We've covered rollers, and now let's talk about brushes, their variety and how to use them for various jobs.
The most common and popular option is fluted paint brushes (CF). They are well known to everyone who has in one way or another encountered painting walls, slopes, windows and other surfaces.
The flutes are flat, with a spatula, the bristles are securely secured with a metal cover. Typically the length of the bristles is 60 millimeters. Flat brushes are more convenient to use; they can be of different sizes, so you can buy several at once so that you can paint free space with a wide brush, and use thinner brushes to paint window bars or ceiling skirting boards, For example.
The handles of flute brushes can be plastic or wooden; they are also flat, ergonomic and fit well in the hand. Painting experts note that a flat brush can absorb enough a large number of paint, this allows you not to apply strokes too often and eliminates the appearance of smudges. The flute allows you to apply paint in any direction, with correct technique there will be no splashing. These brushes are used with all types of paint, varnish, drying oil, and enamels.
The opposite of flanges are panel tassels (KFK). They are round and small in diameter. They are not suitable for painting walls and other large surfaces; usually, panel brushes are used where delicate work is needed, for example, for applying stencil designs onto already painted surfaces. In addition, panel brushes can be used to pull out panels and apply paint to hard to reach places, a much thicker brush simply won’t reach.
Handbrake (KR). Round brushes that can have different diameters, usually from 30 to 50 millimeters. Paints surfaces smoothly and can be used for priming, painting tight spaces and small areas.
Wash brush. Traditionally used for whitewashing, washing walls, and washing out whitewash. Nowadays such brushes are usually made from linden bark, cleared of knots and soaked in a container where air does not penetrate. The fibers are separated into thin strips and wound into a tassel. Wash brushes hold water or solution well, but when working with them it will be very difficult to avoid splashing.
Oval brush. It is considered professional and is rarely used by novice painters. The oval shape allows you to apply strokes on both narrow and wide surfaces. Usually the ratio of the brush is 1:2, that is, by simply turning it sideways, you can get twice as wide or narrow bristles.
As for the bristles of paint brushes themselves, they can be natural or artificial. For example, for thin file brushes, soft bristles are usually used, which are made from kolinsky or squirrel hair. The best hard brushes are those made from half-ridge or spine bristles. They splatter paint less and pick up more paint. But such brushes made from natural ridge bristles are usually more expensive.
Brushes made from horsehair are cheaper, but their bristles quickly lose flexibility and fall off, and they do not last long. Synthetic fiber is a good option when correct use This brush will last a long time. But artificial brushes hold less paint, it can drip onto the floor, and the consumption with them is slightly higher.
To check the quality of the bristles, you should bend it - it should quickly restore its original shape. The hairs should not bristle; they should be spaced evenly and evenly. Split ends of the bristles and hair loss immediately after the first bend are unacceptable.
Paint brushes remain the most affordable tool for paint and varnish work. Cheapness and simplicity have a downside - low productivity and uneven paint application. To obtain a high-quality coating, one brush is not enough, but you need to have a set of different types designed for different types of paint, different shapes surface and volume of work.
Paint brushes: types and applications
Swing and whitewash brushes
Fly feathers brushes have a large diameter (60-65 mm) and a hair tuft length of up to 100 mm; they are intended for painting, priming or whitewashing large areas. When they are sold in the form of a bunch, they are called by weight, if they have the usual form - piece. The weight brushes are subsequently tied up and handles of the required length are made. The ability to bend to its original shape characterizes the quality of the brush. According to GOST 10597-87 they are designated KM.
Whitewashing The brush, thanks to its width of 200 mm and thickness of 45-65 mm, increases the productivity of whitewashing and leaves behind a clean painting surface.
Maklovitsa and handbrake
(KMA) is used for painting large surfaces with water-based paints; it can replace a whitewash brush. It has a round (diameter 120 -170 mm) or rectangular shape (width 135, 165, 195 mm and thickness 55-65 mm). Working length round type reaches 100 mm, rectangular - up to 80 mm. After painting with such a brush, the surface does not require fluting.
Handbrush can be with an oval beam shape (ORO) or round (CR) with a diameter of up to 60 mm. The cattle variety has round hair that tapers to a cone at the end. Made from natural bristles with the addition of horsehair, their small size and gentle handle make it possible to work with small areas. Suitable for most types of paint if the beam is secured with a metal ring. In case of fastening with glue, such a brush is not used with adhesive and water-based compositions.
If the length of the working part of the brush is too long, then during use it will become soft and inelastic, such bristles will leave behind an uneven layer of paint, as a result - smudges and grooves on the surface. Using twine or other materials, the bristles of the brush are tied to the desired length.
Flat and flat brushes
and flat brushes (KF and KP) have a rectangular working part. Widely used in painting different types paint coatings. The flute has a smaller thickness and leaves behind a smoother and cleaner surface. Flat brushes, due to the increased thickness of the hair bundle, absorb more paint and are used for larger areas. The width of the working part of flute and flat brushes varies from 25 to 125 mm. The thickness of flutes is 9-18 mm, for flat ones - 20-35 mm. Using flutes with short hair, glaze paints are applied and a moiré effect is achieved with decorative finishing.
Filet brushes and trim brushes
Bun paneled brushes (KFK) are made in a round shape small size(8-18mm) made of hard pork bristles and is mounted in a metal cartridge. Designed for more precise application contour lines, narrow stripes and painting in hard-to-reach places.
Trimming brush(ShchT) is used to treat newly painted surfaces, gives a rough appearance and is used for priming and decorative finishing. Dimensions of the rectangular working part: width – 154 mm, thickness – 76 mm.
Types for special work
Decorative brush
The name has stuck to narrow flat brushes with a long curved handle and a metal frame radiator. This shape allows you to paint hard-to-reach surfaces of varying degrees of curvature. It is not difficult to guess that they are used to paint radiators. The same brushes with a wide surface are used for outdoor work.
A flat brush with beveled bristles is convenient for painting windows, and a dotted brush with a pointed bristle is used for touching up window frames.
An edge brush is used for finishing the edges and edges of painted surfaces. It differs in that the bristle blocks can be changed.
Fan brushes are used in decorative painting to draw wide lines. Textured brushes made from pig bristles of various bristles are used for decorative finishing. Can be produced with tied bundles various types fibers that are combined into brushes of different widths.
What are paint brushes made of?
IN modern production paint and art brushes use the following materials:
- Natural bristles. It has excellent absorption and release abilities for all types of paint, except water-based paints. For production, backbone pork bristles are used. Qualitative assessment of raw materials occurs by measuring characteristics: elasticity, strength, length and thickness. The spinal bristles reach up to 77 mm in length. By color it is divided into: white, gray, yellow and black. White bristles are considered the highest quality and are obtained by bleaching. The most important characteristic The degree of natural splitting of the bristles is considered.
- Natural hair. It has less elasticity and rigidity compared to bristles, which is why it is rarely used in its pure form for painting work. Thanks to the scale-like layer, they perfectly absorb and release paint. There are hard and thin hair. The hard one is obtained from horse and cow hair, and the thin one is obtained from the hair of fur-bearing animals. The use of natural hair depends on the characteristics: length, shape, elasticity, softness, wear resistance.
The history of using natural hair in painting goes back several thousand years. IN different time used rat, deer, raccoon, hare hair, livestock, badger, bear and other animals
- Synthetic fibers are thin threads made of polyester, polyester, nylon and other compounds. They have high resistance to mechanical damage, good softness and elasticity, but insufficient paint collection. This problem is eliminated by artificially splitting the fiber tips and creating additional channels in the cavity. Suitable for all types of paint, including water-based. Every year the quality of synthetic fiber increases with the help of the development of innovative technologies.
Mixed(natural and synthetic) pile is used to combine best characteristics two types - wear resistance and holding capacity. In addition, using synthetic fiber, you can adjust the elasticity, softness and other properties of the brush.
Prices for paint brushes
The abundance of manufacturers of paint brushes and rollers forces the buyer to make a decision at every need to buy a painting tool. In addition to basic knowledge of the variety of species and their areas of application, each time it is necessary to choose optimal ratio prices and quality.
The price of paint and art brushes is largely determined by the quality of the material from which the tuft of bristles is made. And there is no direct dependence on what type of pile is used: natural, synthetic or mixed. For example, a professional flat brush from the American trademark A WOOSTER made of nylon and polyester thread 50 mm wide will cost about 1,100 rubles, while a brush made of natural high-quality bristles from the same manufacturer will cost 400-500 rubles.
What is the best brush to paint a wall? Natural, synthetic or mixed bristles? Round, flat, with a long handle? The right brush will make your painting work much easier.
Advice: If you plan to continue painting the next day, you can wrap your brush or paint roller in plastic wrap overnight.
Paint rollers are typically made from foam, velor or sheepskin and can be used to paint walls and other large surfaces. In addition, there are rollers with a telescopic handle, which is convenient when painting ceilings.
Application area: For painting large areas such as walls and ceilings.
If regular sanding or regular trimming before painting a wall or other surface is not enough, then old paint needs to be etched. A brush suitable for this purpose should have a plastic handle and thick nylon bristles. This brush will withstand even the strongest etching agents.
Application area: Used for etching.
This brush has a round handle ending in a cone. The quality of the brush depends on the type of bristles and its length. Cork disk in the paint receptacle and nylon winding are signs High Quality and a guarantee of good paint absorption. A layer of paint lies evenly when applied to a wall or other surface if the brush is given a slight rotational movement.
Application area: For painting pipes, windows and corners.
A flat or varnish brush has a wide, flat or beaver-tail shaped handle. The bristles of such a brush are clamped in a wide tin frame; it is used mainly for varnishing work. There are flat brushes different sizes. The thicker, the higher the quality. A quality brush should absorb and release paint well.
Application area: For large flat surfaces, e.g. interior doors, walls.
The window brush has an angled cut to ensure precise lines on window frames and doors.
Application area: For painting doors and windows.
Paint brush- a tool that is most widely used in all kinds of paint and varnish works. Its production does not require large time and material costs. Before starting work, brushes that have never been used should be soaped and soaked to soften the bristles. The service life of the tool will increase if the bristles are moistened with linseed oil.
Types of brushes
Let's look at the most popular types of brushes.
Handbrake brushes (KR) are large in size; the bristles of such a tool are attached to a short handle with a metal rim. In cases where the fibers are too long and do not allow you to work normally with glue or oil paint, they are tied with twine.
Trimming brushes
Trimming brushes (BT) are used when it is necessary to give a rough-matte appearance to freshly painted surfaces. Before, after and during work, the brush must be as clean as possible, so it must be periodically moistened and wiped. Applying this tool, it is recommended to apply single precise blows to the surface being treated.
Poppy brushes (KMA) are either round (diameter up to 170 millimeters) or rectangular (width up to 200 millimeters). They have great productivity and are able to perform painting work With high level quality. Paint brushes are used for aqueous solutions.
The flywheels (FM) have round shape. Used for priming, whitewashing, washing and painting various surfaces, in particular those who have large area. To paint hard-to-reach areas, workers often attach long sticks to such brushes themselves.
Filenochny (KF), have the form of round flat tassels, the diameter of which does not exceed eighteen millimeters. Needed to draw straight stripes and draw narrow lines when finishing.
Radiator brushes have a design that facilitates penetration into hard-to-reach places; they are often used for painting radiators and other similar surfaces.
Proper care
Caring for any of the types of paint brushes listed above does not require special knowledge. It is enough only to immerse them in containers with water during breaks in work, and after use, rinse them in special solutions, dry them and store them wrapped in paper.
Who among us has not held a regular paint brush in our hands? It would seem that this simple instrument does not hide any secrets. However, when working with it, there are a number of points that should be discussed separately
Paint brushes are made from natural pig bristles and from various synthetic fibers. Most often these are threads made of nylon or polyester. Natural brushes are better suited for working with alkyd and oil paints, while synthetics are good when painted with acrylic. Before starting work, the new brush should be washed with warm soapy water and dried. This procedure will remove dust and broken fibers that can degrade the quality of the paint job.
You should not dip the brush all the way into the paint can. It is better to limit yourself to approximately half the length of the pile, and then gently tap on inside cans, get rid of excess paint on the brush. Never smear excess paint from the brush on the can! This will disrupt the uniform layer of paint on the pile and the dyeing process will become more complicated. Also, there are different painting rules for various materials For example, the ceiling should be painted from the dark side, towards the window, and when painting wood, the brush movements should follow the grain.
Upon completion of work, be sure to remove any paint remaining on the brush, rinse the tool in solvent and dry. If you follow these simple tips, your paint brush will last you a long time!
Video: how to use a brush
Brush size
Many of us do not think about such a seemingly trifle as the size of a paint brush when carrying out painting and painting work.
Naturally, this statement does not apply to professional builders - painters, but is relevant for the average ordinary person, the category that you and I belong to.
As a rule, if we are planning to paint and update something, we:
- In the apartment,
- at home,
- personal plot,
- Garage
We take into account, first of all, the coating itself that we will use (paint, varnish, emulsion) and focus more on the type of coating itself and / or its color, rather than on what tool we will use to perform the intended work .
Leaving this question without due attention, and remembering that somewhere in the pantry with a jar of water or best case scenario with the solvent we have some brushes that were left over from the last, or even the year before, renovation. Thus, making a serious mistake, which subsequently manifests itself when the painted surface dries in the form of brush hairs remaining on the fresh paint and, most importantly, visible brush marks that “crawl out” beyond what we wanted to paint.
This is all due to the incorrectly selected type and size of paint brush used.
So, in order to avoid such incidents and not be upset when you see the result of the work we have done, you should know for which surfaces to be painted one or another size of paint brush is used.
Currently in construction stores You can always find and purchase brushes of the following sizes on sale:
- Paint brush size 25 mm.
- Paint brush size 38 mm.
- Paint brush size 50 mm.
- Paint brush size 63 mm.
- Paint brush size 75 mm.
- Paint brush size 100 mm.
For all brushes, the numerical size (in millimeters) refers to the width of the working part of the brush, that is, in fact, the width of one stroke, which is obtained when applying the paint composition.
In addition to size, paint brushes are divided into those whose working part is created using artificial or natural bristles, and there is also a difference in the material of the brush handle, which can be made of plastic or wood.
Standing apart from the list of painting brushes are radiator brushes and brushes of the “maklovitsa” type, which are more suitable for applying water-based compositions.
Let's consider the first type, a paint brush measuring 25 millimeters.
This brush is used when painting or varnishing thin surfaces, no more than matchbox. Such surfaces include various glazing beads, metal or wooden rods with a diameter of no more than 15 millimeters, as well as other rather delicate parts and surfaces.
The 38mm brush is suitable for painting round surfaces with a diameter of no more than 32mm, ceiling cornices and baseboards no more than 5 centimeters wide, as well as the inner surfaces of the edges of window frames.
Paint brush with a working size of 50 millimeters, suitable for application paint and varnish materials on standard skirting boards, window frames. Also this perfect size brushes for painting stair railings.
Brushes measuring 63 and 75 millimeters can be successfully interchanged and are perfect for painting:
- Various wide metal and wooden parts and designs,
- Plastered surfaces (walls),
- Drywall sheets
- OSB panels.
Also, given size brush is good option for painting fences, as well as benches, greenhouses and other outbuildings.
The largest of the sizes presented, 100 millimeters, will serve good tool For:
- Door painting,
- (board, beam),
- (slate, tin).
Video: review of paint brushes
The correct size of the tool will allow you to get better results and leave you and your family satisfied with your work.
Enjoy your renovation!