How to build a shed with a pitched roof correctly: the best options and technologies for their implementation. How to build a frame shed with a shed roof: in detail about the demanded construction options The height of a shed with a shed roof

At the dacha, you can't do without a shed. Here, materials are stored and working tools, and some settle in it for a while while the house is being built. The 3x6 format is the most popular. Most often it is made with a pitched roof. Ordering a project of an outbuilding is a very expensive pleasure, it is better to make the drawings yourself. And from our article with photos and videos, you will learn how to build this building with your own hands.

Since the barn is an auxiliary building, special architectural delights are not needed here, but it should not stand out in the general design of the site. Optimal options 2:

adjoin close to the house;
take out to the edge of the site.

Place your barn in a convenient location

When choosing the location of the building, one should proceed from the following considerations:

The soil on the construction site should be the least suitable for the layout of the beds. Perhaps there is a place where nothing grows because of a strong shadow or with such a relief that it is impossible to place anything else but a shed there.
There should be a convenient access to the utility room.
The shed should be located at such a distance from the work site that it was not far away to carry heavy tools and equipment used on the site.

There are a lot of building options, let's consider some not very complicated ones.

Attention! When building a utility block, the presence of drawings or at least sketches made by hand is a prerequisite. Without this, it will be difficult for you to correctly determine the place for the construction of the future barn, you will not be able to calculate how much material you need to purchase.

Frame shed from OSB boards

Having cleared and leveled the platform at the hydraulic level, they begin to build the foundation. The easiest way is to lay foundation blocks around the perimeter. You can make a columnar foundation by digging holes under it and arranging a pillow on their bottom, install vertically finished blocks on it. The second option is to independently make the base by pouring concrete mixture. Further:

collect the bottom harness;
treat with an antiseptic;
cover the floor with boards protected from decay;
install the first frame post, fix it with a metal corner, attach a temporary spacer for rigidity;
attach an OSB sheet to the rack and base;
install the second rack, fasten to the previously installed sheet;

Shed from OSB

remove the spacer and repeat everything;
assemble the upper harness from the bar right on the site;
install the structure on the racks and fix it;
collect the truss structure;
attach the crate;
cover the shed with corrugated board or other material.

All that remains is to paint the building, to make the steps.

Advice. It is better to fasten the sheets to the bottom of the frame, retreating 5 cm. For this, a bar is attached to the lower strapping, the height of which is 50 mm. The sheet is supported on it, it is fixed, and the control block is transferred further.

Shed 3x6 with a pitched roof from what was found

It is not difficult to build an outbuilding with a pitched roof, it is inexpensive, especially if you use the available remnants of building materials, it looks interesting. To erect such a building with your own hands, you only need to have minimal experience in carpentry.

Before starting construction, we will collect the tool and material in one place. You can do everything manually, but if you have a screwdriver, an electric planer and a jigsaw, a grinder, a drill, construction will end faster than 2 times. From the material you need to have:

Simple barn scheme

A beam of 15x10 cm. A frame is constructed from it.
Boards 5x15 cm, 4x15 cm edged for slings and sheathing, respectively.
Unedged boards. Of them, they carry out the crate.
Roofing material.
Waterproofing.
Ingredients for preparing concrete mass.
Self-tapping screws, nails.
Roofing material.

A shed made of such materials is lightweight, but a foundation is also needed for it. The most rational solution is the pillars laid at a depth of 0.4-0.5 m.After thinking over all the nuances, they get to work:

mark the contour of the future structure using a tape measure;
drive in pegs in the corners and pull the rope;
outline the places where the installation of the pillars is planned;
drill holes;
formwork is made from above, protruding by 0.2-0.3 m;
arrange a cushion of gravel and sand, insert reinforcing bars;
fill;
let stand for 4 days;

Building a barn

wood is treated with an antiseptic composition;
remove the formwork from the pillars;
cover the head with a double folded roofing material;
a frame is assembled from a bar, tightened with staples;
install racks, checking the verticality with a level;
strengthen the vertical beams with temporary slopes, while the front wall racks should be higher to ensure the roof slope on average 17 degrees;
mount logs with a distance of 0.6-1.2 m and perform flooring;
the overlap is placed on the vertical supports, securing the beams with brackets.

Important! The optimal distance between the elements of the columnar foundation is 120-150 cm. Their number depends on the dimensions of the shed.

Roof

When the frame is assembled, they begin to build the roof:

Advice. The step between the elements of the rafter system is from 0.6 to 0.8 m. This means that for a building of 3x6 m you need to stock up on eight rafter legs.

If you plan to make a roof of galvanized iron, you can do without the lathing. 2 sheets are enough for a 3x6 shed, but they need to be laid with an overlap.
When sheathing a barn with an edged board, an overlap of about 25 mm should be made. To prevent unpainted areas from appearing after the wood dries, it is better to paint before sheathing.
Paint consumption, if applied in 2 layers, is about 15 liters with a barn dimensions of 3x6 m.
On average, it takes 7 days to build this type of barn.
The device for a single-slope design requires 30% less funds than for a 2-slope design.
If one wind direction prevails at your dacha, then the version with a pitched roof suits you more than others.

Building a simple shed with your own hands is a feasible task. The main thing is not to forget to retreat from the neighboring fence of the legal 3 m and from the road 5 m, and there are no other restrictions.

Shed with a pitched roof: video

The barn is considered an irreplaceable outbuilding at the summer cottage. It is convenient to store the tools necessary for gardening in it. In this room, you can equip a shower stall and a bathroom in the utility block. If you are not going to use it as an office for work, externally the structure can be decorated quite simply.

A ready-made project of a lean-to shed with a woodshed

The main thing is that the building corresponds to its purpose, and it is convenient to use it. A do-it-yourself shed with a pitched roof is a structure from the category of budget buildings. A summer resident can begin to equip his site with the most important outbuilding.

Construction of a lean-to barn: what are the advantages of construction

When buildings of the same type are surrounded around, I want a structure with an original design to appear on the site. The uniqueness of the building makes it unique. If all neighbors have gable roofs, give preference to the new solution. The gable roof looks quite interesting against the background of the same gable roof. In addition to the exclusive decor, there are other pluses:

Lingering winds that blow constantly in one direction are an excuse to install a structure with a pitched roof. However, in order not to blow off the roof, you need to orient it correctly with respect to the wind.

What to do before starting the construction of a lean-to barn

To build an outbuilding in the country, a place must be allocated for it on your land.

A variant of the design of a barn from an uncut board

You cannot select a site that is located in the lowlands. This location can have negative consequences. Water will appear in the barn when the snow melts or after rain. Better to put it on a hill. Before starting construction work, the building site is leveled.

Prepare the necessary materials and tools. To make a frame with your own hands, you need beams, materials for the floor, walls and roofs. We also need vapor barrier, thermal insulation, waterproofing membrane, fasteners. These frame structures do not require the use of a professional tool. All that is required is:

Drawing with the dimensions of a frame frame with a pitched roof

If the owner of the summer cottage has a project in his hands and the drawing of the barn is ready in full, it's time to get to work. If you are buying an instrument, then only original products should be chosen. The manufacturer guarantees that the purchased items are of high quality and can be used for a long time. When buying building materials to build a frame or roof, you can take into account your financial capabilities.

Important nuances

With your own hands, it is easy to build a structure from corrugated board, wood, foam blocks. The frame can be built in a few hours, and the shed can be built in two days.

However, such a speed of construction is possible only when using certain materials, for example, timber and boards. If you use other building materials, such as brick, or a foam block shed, it will take more time.

Construction of a shed with a roof made of corrugated board

Metal sheds made of corrugated board are popular among summer residents. Any novice builder can build such a structure with his own hands. When working with light material, an assistant is not required. A significant disadvantage of the demanded material is considered to be weak rigidity. When making a frame, you must keep this in mind. Decking is available in a wide range, you need to figure out which material is suitable for the roof based on its classifications:

Profiled sheeting marked C10, C21, C44 is used for roofing. Among them, the most durable is C44. C21 corrugated board is a popular and widely used material. C 10 has a great wave height.

When working with corrugated board, the following practical tips may come in handy:

For this building with your own hands, you do not need significant funds.

Building a barn with a wooden roof

Building a wooden shed is not difficult. Here, too, a solid foundation is required - a reliable frame. Subsequently, the base is sheathed with boards.

A ready-made shed frame for the installation of a wooden pitched roof

A wooden shed with a pitched roof has a rigid structure, an affordable cost and a high construction speed.

You will need a drawing of such a structure if it will store garden utensils or firewood. You can build a shed with your own hands, without resorting to the services of professionals. The structure is based on:

In the first case, the novice master needs to lay the floors, in the second - he has less work. The flooring will be pallets. Boards and OSB boards are suitable for floors. It is easy to make a gable roof on a shed with your own hands. Roofing material can be used, and slate or shingles are laid on top. To increase the service life of a wooden structure, you will need to treat all wooden parts with special protective compounds.

Internal structure of a wooden shed roof

Construction of a barn with a foam block roof

A country shed for goats or other pets can be made of modern building materials - foam blocks. The service life of the building is at least 30 years. To erect such a structure, the help of specialists may be required. Summer residents who are new to construction should contact a professional company. It may not be possible to create a beautiful building with your own hands. Since the materials used are not cheap, it is not worth translating them. On the other hand, the cost of a barn will increase with work and will cost more than building it yourself.

New foam blocks are quite expensive, but you can save money on their purchase. Buy previously used materials. Sheds where a pitched roof is provided can be built from different materials. In terms of reliability, they are not inferior to gable structures. However, the price makes a big difference. If you are a practical person, then a lean-to structure may be suitable for your site.

It will allow you to save money, which you can use to buy seedlings or other useful things for the improvement of your garden area.

For beginners who are starting to improve their land, the following advice may be useful.

Before heading to the building materials market, carefully consider what kind of barn design you need. There is no need to buy a lot of foam blocks if you need a small extension in which it is convenient to store inventory. The same structure can be used to change clothes. Examine the area that you want to use for the barn. Additional work may be required. It may be necessary to drain the wetland.

How to make and build a shed with a pitched roof with your own hands: drawings, photos and videos

How to build a shed with a pitched roof with your own hands. Step by step instructions with drawings, photos and videos.

Do-it-yourself installation of a frame shed roof on a shed

If your site does not have enough outbuildings for storing various utensils and the necessary tools, then you can easily build a shed with a shed roof with your own hands. If many craftsmen do not have problems with the construction of walls and the arrangement of a lightweight foundation, then with the roof the situation is a little more complicated. That is why we will tell you in detail how to make a simple pitched roof over a small outbuilding.

The advantage of shed systems

A do-it-yourself shed roof for a shed is good not only because it can be done on your own, but also by other positive aspects:

The minimum consumption of lumber and their availability is one of the main advantages of the design.
The speed and simplicity of construction are especially important when building a shed with your own hands.
The flat roof of the utility unit perfectly resists wind loads. It is quite durable and reliable.
The whole structure is lightweight, so you can build a barn from blocks, bricks, wood and other suitable materials. Most often, a frame shed is made, since it is quickly mounted.
Any suitable roofing materials, including the most inexpensive ones (roofing felt, galvanized roofing steel, profiled sheet), can be used as a covering for the shallow roof of the shed.

Of course, the lean-to roof has its drawbacks, but they are more important for a private house, and not for an outbuilding. So, among the minuses, you can name the fact that in such a shed you will not be able to equip an attic, as well as the low aesthetic performance of a pitched roof. However, we can say with confidence that all these disadvantages do not matter for the shed, which is why many projects of temporary and outbuildings are carried out with a lean-to roof system.

Since the construction of a barn is usually not planned to be made of heavy-duty and massive materials, it is impractical and even dangerous to erect a heavy complex roof structure on them. If you look at some of the drawings, then these buildings are often made frame. Moreover, the frame of the barn is made of ordinary timber. That is why a light shed roof for a shed with your own hands is the most suitable option.

Required materials

We will consider how to make a pitched roof using the example of a 3x6 m shed. It is easy to find a suitable drawing of a shed on the network or make it yourself. We will not describe the process of erecting walls and the foundation of a structure, but consider in detail only how to build a gable roof to this utility block.

When choosing a building material, it is necessary to take into account the design features of the building. Below is a list of the materials you will need:

for the manufacture of the rafter system and the Mauerlat, you need to prepare a beam of coniferous wood, the moisture content of which is not higher than 15% (the optimal section of the rafter legs is 0.05x0.15 m, the installation step is 90 cm, the section of the Mauerlat bar should be 0.1x0.1 m) ;

Attention: all wooden elements of the roof frame must be protected from burning and decay by treating them with antiseptic impregnations and fire retardants.

fasteners (nails and screws);
if the length of the rafter legs is not enough to complete the roof overhangs, then you will need filly (this is a bar with a section of 0.05x0.12 m, which is attached to the rafter and forms the overhang of the roof);
waterproofing material (roofing felt or plastic film);
boards for lathing (it is better to take an unedged board with a thickness of 0.25 cm; moisture-resistant plywood or OSB is suitable for making a solid lathing);
roof covering.

If you are planning to insulate the barn, then you will need thermal insulation material for the roof as well. It is better to choose mineral wool as a roofing insulation. In this case, you will also need to purchase a vapor barrier membrane to protect the insulation from the accumulation of condensation and dampness.

Tip: instead of windows in the shed, you can make gables from translucent structures, for example, from polycarbonate. Pediments are called triangular sections of walls under the slopes.

Installation sequence

We will not describe in detail how to correctly make the walls of a 3x6 shed with a lean-to roof. It is worth noting only that the two opposite longitudinal walls must be of different heights, which will provide the required roof slope.

The process of erecting a shed with a pitched roof is as follows:

First of all, you need to install the Mauerlat. This beam will allow you to evenly distribute and transfer the load to the walls of the structure. Mauerlat, located on a higher wall, is called ridge. Before laying the Mauerlat on concrete or brick walls of the building, they must be isolated from the timber using two layers of roofing material. Next, the horizontal bar itself is laid. Using a long drill, holes are drilled in the timber and walls. After that, anchors are inserted into the holes in the walls, on which the timber is fixed.
The installation of the rafters is carried out in the following sequence:
1. the first to mount the rear or pediment rafters;
2. after that, a rope is pulled between them, along which intermediate rafter legs are aligned and installed;
3. for laying the rafters in the Mauerlat bar, a saw is made (for its manufacture, you need to complete a template that will facilitate and speed up the further process);
4. we fasten the rafters to the Mauerlat with self-tapping screws or nails hammered in the cross direction;
5. now you can attach filly to the rafter legs, if their installation was planned by you.

We proceed to laying the waterproofing. We roll out the roll material along the rafters along the lower overhang of the roof and fasten it to the legs with a stapler. Roll the next strip above the first so that an overlap of 150 mm is obtained. The joints of the two strips are additionally glued with tape.
To make the ventilation gap, which is needed to ventilate the under-roof space and protect the roofing from dampness, we nail counter-battens to the rafter legs right on top of the waterproofing carpet. For these purposes, you can take a bar with a height of 4 cm.
After that, we carry out the crate. For the manufacture of a sparse sheathing for a profiled sheet, ondulin, slate or metal tiles, the boards must be nailed across the direction of the rafters in increments of 30-40 cm.Under a soft roof, wall profiled sheet or galvanized steel, it is better to make a continuous crate made of moisture-resistant plywood or OSB. In this case, do not forget to make a gap between the sheets of material in 2-3 mm to compensate for thermal expansion.
The selected roofing material can now be installed.
If you insulate the roof, then the heat-insulating product is laid between the rafters on the inside of the structure. It is desirable that the width of the insulation be slightly larger than the step of the rafter system. This will allow the insulation to be laid tightly, without gaps and sagging.
In the case of roof insulation, be sure to use a vapor barrier membrane. It will protect the insulation from dampness, dust and moisture rising from the room. The vapor barrier is attached with a stapler to the rafters, closing the insulation. In this case, it is necessary to overlap the strips and additionally glue the joint with sealing tape.

The final step can be the installation of a gutter if you want to keep it organized. By the way, this is not necessary for a barn. Such a building may also have an unorganized drain. But if the water flows from the roof onto the path or into the ground, and there is a lot of rain in the region, then an organized drainage system from the roof will protect the premises from dampness. In case of unorganized drainage, the eaves overhang of the roof must be at least 550 mm.

DIY frame shed with a pitched roof

The advantages of a gable frame roof and its installation on a shed with your own hands. Materials for work and the sequence of installation.

How to build a frame shed with a pitched roof: in detail about the demanded construction options

Arrangement of a suburban area is like renovating an apartment. The process cannot be completed, you can only pause, then continue. A private estate, like a living organism, always requires close attention from the owner, investment of labor efforts and funds. The question becomes especially acute when it comes to household buildings. I would like them to be strong, comfortable, outwardly worthy, but inexpensive. The union of savings with the result is possible if you build it yourself. To do this, you need to know how a frame shed with a lean-to roof is built - the most affordable option for an inexperienced performer.

Advantages of wireframe technology

It is not for nothing that frame technologies are persistently displacing the usual methods of construction from the domestic open spaces. New methods are widely used in the construction of baths, garages, summer cottages, solid residential buildings. In the field of shed construction, frame technology has no alternative at all, because it is:

Cheap. The consumption of materials required for the construction of walls is noticeably reduced. Due to the lightness of the frame construction, a budget columnar foundation serves as the basis.
Quickly. Construction is carried out many times faster than the construction of load-bearing structures made of foam blocks, bricks, beams, logs.
Easily. The installation of the frame elements of a small shed is carried out without special construction equipment.
Practical. The building assembled from the boards on the frame can be dismantled if necessary, moved and reassembled in another place.

Among other things, it's just convenient. The frame structure adapts without problems to the economic needs and taste criteria of the owners. It is possible to add or change the configuration.

The rafter systems of pitched roofs are based on the upper trim of the frame structure, which plays the role of a Mauerlat. When installing a shed roof in the classic version, the rafters are laid separately on walls of different heights.

The difference in the height of the retaining walls provides the slope for the slope necessary for the drainage of precipitation. However, for the device of a pitched roof, this is an optional condition. It is quite possible to build it over a box with walls located on the same level if:

Build a cantilever-running frame over one of the walls of the frame box. The frame in such structures serves as a support for the girder, on which the rafters rest on top.
Install trusses shaped like a right-angled triangle. A long triangle boat is attached to the harness, the hypotenuse plays the role of a rafter leg.

The choice of a shed roof covering is closely related to the slope of its only plane. In most cases, these are shallow structures with a steepness of up to 8º. For their arrangement, roll soft materials, bitumen or bitumen-polymer roll material are best suited.

Single-slope systems with a slope from 10º to 25º are covered with metal profiled sheets or roofing steel without a profile. If it is necessary to maintain the integrity of the architectural ensemble, it is permissible to lay piece material on shed roofs. But it should be clearly remembered that the less the steepness, the greater the likelihood of stagnation of precipitation and the flow of atmospheric water into the roofing cake. Following the extremely undesirable moistening of the components of the roofing system, premature destruction will inevitably occur.

Construction of a shed with a pitched roof in steps

Taking concrete examples is the best way to learn how to properly build a shed with a solid pitched roof. Researching real-world solutions will help you learn the principles of technology, get an idea of how to distribute the stages of work and what to focus on.

The projects proposed by us as a sample will make it possible to build a similar object without any problems or will tell you how to make your own development.

Construction of a frame shed on runners

The indisputable advantage of a light frame shed on runners is that, if desired, it can be moved and installed anywhere in the garden area. For example, it can be located near a pool or pond in summer for temporary placement of pumping equipment, and at the end of the season it can be transported closer to the house for storing firewood.

For the purpose of periodic transportation, the structure is installed on runners made of timber. If the idea of mobility does not enthrall, the shed, depending on the properties of the underlying soils, rests on a surface reinforced concrete slab or on shallow-buried concrete blocks located at the corners of the building.

We will illustrate the process of building a shed on runners. An owner who knows only the initial techniques of carpentry will be able to build such an object with his own hands and equip it with an elementary lean-to roof. The dimensions in the figures are given in inches, we did not change them so as not to confuse interested readers. Those interested can translate the data by multiplying the given numbers by a conditional coefficient of 2.54.

For convenience, we will divide the construction into the following stages:

Foundation construction... Structurally, it includes a frame attached to two parallel runners. The runners are made of 4ʺ × 4ʺ timber, the frame is 2ʺ × 4ʺ. The space between the sides of the frame is filled with 2ʺ × 4ʺ beams. The base elements are connected with nails or self-tapping screws. For reliability, it is advisable to duplicate critical places with metal corners. The skids hold 4 screws. All attachment points should be at least 1.2ʺ from the edge of the workpiece to be connected so that the wooden parts do not split.
Floor device... We measure the diagonals before attaching a 3/4 ″ plywood sheet to the frame, which plays the role of the future floor. The sizes of the diagonals must match. If the condition is not met, we identify the flaws and fix it, then we fix the sheet. Do not tighten the fasteners "all the way" so as not to damage the plywood. Along the perimeter of the floor, taking into account the doorway, we lay additional strapping.
Constructing the back wall of the frame... We cut out the details for it from the inch in size, taking into account the formation of the doorway. The top of the vertical elements should be filed at an angle of 17.5º. The wall racks are fixed with temporary jibs. After checking the installation parameters with a level gauge, the racks are attached with corners to the base. The tops of ordinary posts and short posts above the opening are connected by a board nailed from above - the back of the upper harness. It should be at an angle.
Building the front wall... It is carried out by analogy, but taking into account the absence of a doorway. We cut out the racks to size and saw them down at an angle of 17.5º in the upper part. It is more convenient to make cuts in both cases before installation. However, if there is no certainty about the accuracy of cutting and installation, it is better to cut the parts with a small margin. And after installation and fixing, file it after the fact.
Building side walls... They are made in the form of a frame with a central pillar in the middle. The outer frame elements reinforce the corner posts of the frame shed.
Making rafters... For cutting the rafters, an inch cut is used. We apply it to the place of the upcoming installation from the end and mark the cutting lines. We cut out according to this pattern from a bar 2ʺ × 4ʺ.
Installation of rafter legs... We place the rafters exactly above the uprights of the front and rear walls. For fastening, we use nails or self-tapping screws.
Sheathing... Produced by wall profiled sheet, grooved or not grooved board.
Fastening the wind board... After sheathing the walls, a 1ʺ × 4ʺ board is installed at the top along the perimeter so that the edge of the previous element is closed by the end of the next one. Cutting of parts is made with preliminary fittings according to the actual position.
Installation of the lathing... We cut out moisture-resistant plywood 1 / 2ʺ taking into account the actual area of the roof together with the board installed around the perimeter. The sheet material is fixed to the rafters.
Laying waterproofing and coating... We lay a continuous waterproofing carpet on the sloping roofs on top of the lathing. The waterproofing strips are laid from bottom to top so that the joints are directed along the flow of atmospheric water. Waterproofing is laid with an overlap of 10-15cm. A roof is arranged on top of it. In the described example, this is flexible shingles, the laying technology of which we have already disassembled.

At the end, the doorway is framed by jambs from a 1ʺ × 4ʺ board, door hinges are installed and the door is hung.

The proposed method for the construction of a mobile shed with a pitched roof is suitable for the construction of children's houses, booths for storing equipment, external components of borehole heads with their own hands.

In budget options, the base frame can be trivially fixed by driving reinforcement into the ground. Metal rods approximately 50 cm long are either simply driven through holes drilled in the frame, or driven near the base, and attached to it using metal plates.

Construction of a stationary change house

Despite the more solid dimensions of the next shed, it makes no sense to pour a strip or monolithic foundation under it. Three rows of concrete blocks are sufficient. However, this does not mean that the work on digging and preparing the pit can be abolished. It is allowed to refuse them only if a site has been set aside for construction, previously leveled and carefully rammed in the process of active operation.

If the shed is to be built in an unprepared place, then you will first have to completely remove the soil and vegetation layer. Then dig a pit, 0.2 m deep below the level of seasonal freezing in a specific region.

We will find the mark in the collection of standards "Construction climatology", not forgetting to compare the readings with the type of soil on the site. The bottom of the pit should be tamped, covered with a crushed-stone-sandy pillow 25-30 cm thick and covered with a layer of lean cement 10 cm thick.

After the concrete has hardened, we will mark the foundation pit for the construction of brick or foam concrete pillars. We will build supports of a suitable type for us. During the laying of the posts, we will lay an anchor for the future fastening of the lower frame strapping.

On top of the pillars, we will lay scraps of roofing material to protect the wooden frame from decay. We will assume that the stage of the foundation foundation has been successfully completed and we will directly engage in the construction of a shed with a pitched roof.

We check how accurately the support pillars are built. We put a board flat on a row of pillars and set the spirit level. We correct the identified errors by installing board scraps on the tops of the posts. We carry out control actions by placing the board along long and short rows.
We lay the base beam on the leveled columnar foundation. If during the erection of the pillars no anchors were laid, we first try on the timber in place and mark the points of drilling holes for fastening to the pillars.
On top of the timber, we install the frame of the lower harness and fill it inside with ordinary logs.
On the joists we lay a floor of thick plywood, boards or OSB boards. The elements of the floor are laid with gaps of 2-3 mm for linear thermal expansion.
We mount the front wall according to the dimensions. We fix its position with temporary jibs.
We assemble and install the back and side walls of the frame. If the cutting was done correctly, then the result of the assembly will be a flawless frame with walls of the same height. Otherwise, you will have to file or build up. For craftsmen who doubt the impeccability of the work, it is advisable to assemble the walls not with a finished frame, but with separate racks, cut with a small margin in length. According to this method, the top of the uprights is held together with a temporary side strap. And after the construction of all the walls, the excess is sawn off according to the indications of the upper edge of the strapping.
On top of the ends of the racks, the upper harness is installed in two rows. If a temporary side board has been used for leveling, it should be removed. The stationary harness is laid with overlapping joints of the underlying row.
We assemble a cantilever-running frame, from short racks, the top of which we saw down at the required angle to form a slope. We calculate the angle in advance by drawing a roof profile on the diagram in the form of an ordinary right-angled triangle.
We make a rafter leg template from the board, attaching the workpiece to the side of the installation site. Do not forget that the length of the rafter leg must provide the front and rear eaves.
We cut out the rafters, install them directly above the racks, and fix them with metal corners.
We arrange a continuous lathing with a waterproofing carpet along the rafters and lay a roof covering: metal tiles, profiled roofing steel, etc.

Upon completion of the frame, we sheathe the shed with siding or any similar material.

Then we build a door jamb, we hang the door, locks on it. We close the cantilever-running frame from the inside with a mesh. If you are thinking about how best to make a roof with one slope for a frame shed with walls of equal height, information on the construction in the described way will be very useful.

The device of the ramp with trusses

The use of ready-made trusses in the formation of a pitched roof is fully justified by the convenience and safety of work. The main activities for the manufacture of rafter modules are carried out in calm conditions on solid ground.

You can buy wooden or metal trusses ready-made, they just need to be hoisted on the roof and secured. However, the purchase will slightly increase the construction budget.

Self-construction of roof trusses will save an impressive amount. In addition, a master inexperienced in carpentry, who decided to start making with his own hands, will be much more comfortable working on the ground.

It is easier to control dimensional accuracy and correct shortcomings than to saw off, build up, join at a height. Thanks to the comfortable conditions of carpentry work, the quality of the structure increases significantly.

The main advantage of using roof trusses in frame construction is that the closed triangular module does not transfer the thrust to the walls, which is highly undesirable for this type of load-bearing structure. The spacer is distributed and extinguished inside the truss, without transferring the load to the building frame.

However, the method is still not ideal. It is used only in the case of arranging buildings of small area, because rafter triangles without additional devices have the right to cover spans only up to 7m, with additions in the form of struts and supports up to 24m.

Roof trusses are installed on frames with walls of equal height. The construction principle is elementary. According to the pre-designed dimensions, wooden modules are made, with a configuration reminiscent of right-angled triangles.

The hypotenuse of a triangle is most often a rafter leg, less often it is a supporting element, on top of which a rafter is laid. The long leg serves as a floor beam. The short leg plays the role of a stand of a kind of cantilever-girder frame, made up of the end parts of the rafter trusses.

Before making rafter triangles, it is necessary to make a drawing with calculations. The length of the rafter leg should provide eaves overhangs on both sides. If the truss is made for the subsequent fastening of the rafters on top of the hypotenuse, then the triangle is drawn without taking into account the overhangs. Those. the long leg is equal to the width of the equipped box.

The slope of a pitched roof must be carefully considered. The prevailing number of structures with one slope have a slight slope due to the increased wind load on the vertical part of the roof. However, manufacturers of profiled roofing steel, for example, strongly recommend the use of material for arranging slopes with a slope of at least 25º.

An increase in the angle of inclination to the sizes recommended by manufacturers sometimes brings results that are not very attractive in terms of aesthetic criteria. In addition, the consumption of materials for the construction of the rafter system and the laying of the coating increases. With a decrease in the steepness, the consumption of waterproofing increases due to the need to lay a multi-layer continuous carpet and strengthen problem areas with additional water protection strips.

How to build a frame shed with a pitched roof with your own hands

For those who want to know how to competently build a frame shed with a pitched roof with their own hands, a thorough analysis of the demanded technological options.

We build a shed with a pitched roof: drawing, instructions, tips

Not a single dacha or private house can do without a place that requires the storage of household equipment. The solution to this problem is the shed.

And so that it meets all the requirements for storage and ease of construction, the best option is a shed with a pitched roof.

Choosing a place for a barn

To choose the most successful location for the utility block, you need to be guided by the following rules:

Make a choice in favor of a plot of land that is not intended for growing agricultural plants;
The place should not be located in a lowland, otherwise all rainwater will constantly flood the barn;
Engineering communications could be brought to the site;
It is desirable that the place is located on the south or southwest side.

Drawing of a shed with a pitched roof

Before proceeding with the purchase of materials, as well as for further construction, it is necessary to develop a drawing.

What is a drawing for?

The drawing is needed for some important data:

He will give a complete picture of the stages of construction and the necessary resources, with all shapes and sizes. This is such a graphical guide to all stages of construction, both for the contractor and for the customer;
The drawing will allow you to make an estimate, as well as purchase the necessary materials. Costs will be under control.

Find a ready-made one or do it yourself?

The solution to this issue depends on several factors:

Customer requirements that meet his needs;
The area or configuration of the selected site;
Design solution.

If there are no specific requirements, besides, the future farm block does not pretend to be unique, it is much easier to use a typical ready-made drawing.

Construction works

After the site is selected, as well as the drawing is ready, you can proceed directly to the work.

Set of tools

No specific types of tools are required. The set is quite simple, and also quite often used in the household:

It is enough to make the foundation for a frame-type shed with a pitched roof columnar.

To put it, it is advisable to follow the following sequence:

1️⃣ First of all, you need to place the axes (create a layout).

take a tape measure, mark the contour, hammering sharpened wooden pegs or steel rods into the ground with a hammer in the corners. And for a better tension of the rope, drive in between them;
Pull the rope over these pegs;
Check the diagonal of the resulting rectangle with a tape measure. They must be equal and the angles must be right;

2️⃣ Dig holes around each peg size 400 * 400 * 500mm;

3️⃣ Apply bituminous mastic for waterproofing on the side surfaces (poke and spoons) of each brick. This must be done before laying in the ground in order to avoid the inconvenience of applying when the posts are ready during further work;

4️⃣ Pour a sand-gravel mixture of approximately 150-200mm into each hole, which should be tamped;

5️⃣ Now you can start laying brick pillars. It is enough to make it in 1 brick, fastening the bricks together with cement mortar. The posts should protrude about 2 bricks high above the ground;

6️⃣ Check the evenness in height of all the posts with each other using a spirit level. And evenness along the axes can be done by means of a cord.

Assembling the frame

Before starting to manufacture the frame, all lumber must be treated with an antiseptic, as well as a fire retardant.

After impregnation, you can proceed as follows:

Put 2 layers of roofing roofing on brick posts, smeared on top with bituminous mastic;
Along the perimeter, including intermediate supports, install a base from a bar. You should get a mesh;
Install pins with a diameter of 12mm in the butt-joints. To do this, drill a hole of the same diameter in the center to the foundation;
Now you need to drill similar holes in the beams, which will become racks;
Next, you need to install them on the pins, attaching them to the base with self-tapping screws through steel equal angles;
Align the verticality of the racks with a level on all sides and temporarily fix it with a board 15 - 20mm thick, which will serve as a brace;
Now you need to combine the supports along the long sides at the top. For this purpose, place the beam-beam on top of the racks, strengthening with self-tapping screws together with steel corners;
Then you need to connect the supports in width. Before proceeding, it is advisable in advance, on the high side, to attach the corner to the rack. Thus, the connecting bar will only have to be put on this corner and tightened with self-tapping screws. Drive a nail 200 - 250 mm long into the end of the connecting bar through the rack.
The frame is ready.

To continue the construction of the structure, it is better to first mount the floor:

⭕️ Prepare a finished floorboard of the required size, and then cut holes in them for racks in the right places;

⭕️ Lay each board lengthwise on the lower base, attaching to it with nails or self-tapping screws;

⭕️ Nail from the end of the bottom trim of the board 100 * 40mm along the perimeter to close it, and also set the evenness of the walls for further sheathing.

The roof is designed to be single-pitched, so the frame racks have already been mounted on the basis of this: shorter on one side than on the other.

Shed roof slope

The slope of the roof depends on the type of roofing. Usually, for outbuildings, it is selected from various kinds of corrugated materials: asbestos-cement slate, bituminous ondulin, metal - profiled sheet. For all of them, the average tilt angle is 20 ° or 36%.

Namely: the width (span) is divided in half and multiplied by the value of the slope tangent, which is taken from the Bradis table or calculated by a calculator.

Calculation of materials for a shed roof type

All materials depend on the dimensions of the utility block:

Rafters. They are usually made of boards 100 * 40mm. Their length is calculated as the ratio of the width of the barn to the cosine of the tilt angle (or you can use the Pythagorean theorem to calculate the hypotenuse of a right triangle) plus overhang (500mm on the main facade / 300mm on the back). The rafter pitch is 500–700mm. Thus, the total amount in cubes is obtained by multiplying the length by the size and by the step;
Lathing. According to the norms, for it, an unedged board 100 * 25mm is taken. Its length is the length of the shed plus an overhang of about 300mm. The pitch of the lathing depends on the roofing material, so it is better to follow the manufacturer's recommendations. For example, for ondulin, with an angle of inclination of 20 °, a step of 610 mm. But on the ridge, ribs and overhangs, the crate should be solid with a width of 250 - 300mm;
Additional struts for roof reinforcement. You can use the boards that were taken for the rafters. Their number is 2 pcs. One on each side. They will become a kind of continuation of the intermediate supports, about 2/3 of the size of the ridge;
Overhang filing. It is also made of 100 * 40mm boards. Their number: 1. Barn length plus overhang on one side; 2. Barn width plus overhang on one side.

Install the rafter leg boards on the edge, connecting them obliquely to the beams of the upper strapping with self-tapping screws. Additionally, drive a nail 250 mm long from above into the leg from the other edge perpendicular to the beam;
Lay the lathing flat on top of the rafter legs, starting from the overhangs, where it is solid. Fasten to the rafters with 2 nails or self-tapping screws;
Next, you need to strengthen the roof structure. For this purpose, a board, 2/3 of the height of the ridge, should be placed in the place where the intermediate support ends, fastened obliquely with a self-tapping screw with a beam on one side and a rafter leg on the other;
Now you need to hem the overhang from below, and also close the rafters from the end with a board. Fasten each board to the rafters with 2 nails or self-tapping screws, as was done with the sheathing boards;
The final step is to cover the roof with the selected roofing material.

Wall cladding

The walls are sheathed with planks 100 * 25 or 150 * 25 mm upwards. First of all, it is nailed down with nails 80–90 mm to the frame uprights a board with an overlap of 25–30mm to the bottom end board.

Before assembling the frame, prepare the beams for joining together. The most convenient and simple in half a tree. To do this, mark with a pencil and carefully cut out unnecessary parts. Then remove the excess with a chisel;
In order not to catch splinters, it is better to process wooden parts with a plane from all sides;
It is better to fasten the floorboards to the base obliquely. So, then it will be possible to level them with a plane and avoid cuts during operation;
Use a scaffold / scaffold rather than a ladder to work on the roof;
It is better to reinforce the openings with additional boards;
Use antiseptics with a color scheme to see the stained areas;
Before installation, check the rafters individually and cut out the holes based on the actual data.

Drawing of a shed with a pitched roof, stages of construction work, tips for construction

A shed with a pitched roof is easy to build, and it only requires basic carpentry skills. Therefore, having a drawing along with instructions, it will not be difficult to build it, even alone.

A frame shed with a pitched roof, and even made by hand, is an indispensable building in any summer cottage. As a rule, summer residents think about this when there is simply nowhere to store countless cans for seaming or tools in the house there are too many. But building a shed with a pitched roof is worth it and not only for this, because there are many applications for this simple, uncomplicated and cheap design. And I will tell you about how to build it and what materials to use in this article.

Wooden frame. Advantages and disadvantages

The use of wood as the main material for building a barn frame is mainly associated with positive aspects.

Almost any hardware store will allow you to purchase the necessary parts for assembling a wooden frame.
With certain protection measures, wood is a durable material, therefore, a structure made of it will serve for quite a long time. But taking into account compliance with all construction rules and regulations
The installation process takes a very short period of time. The entire construction process from scratch takes about a week. At the same time, such works are performed as: pouring the foundation, assembling individual elements into a connected structure, wall cladding, installation of windows and doors, laying roofing
If any irregularities are found on the plane of the material, they can be removed without problems on their own using the same planer or sandpaper
If the barn has one slope, there is no need for a complex rafter system
If it is necessary to move the structure, then it can be easily rebuilt in another convenient place, of course, if there is no foundation under your temporary building and light materials were used during its creation
The frame allows you to significantly save on materials. For example, if you compare it with a brick structure, then the cost of creating the second will be many times higher than in the first case.

Do not believe the rumors that wood is a short-lived and unreliable product. With the use of certain types of protection (wood treatment with compounds), a quite decent service life of several decades can be achieved. But even without processing, such material, due to its low cost and quick assembly, is a good choice.

Wood is a natural material and therefore has the following disadvantages:

This material has little protection against high temperatures and is flammable.
Rot damage can occur on individual frame elements. Destruction can also be done by small insects. That is why the material is impregnated with antiseptics or a protective layer of paint is applied.
Wooden products change their dimensions depending on air humidity, temperature and other conditions acting on them, which can lead to the destruction of the structure under significant loads from above

When I described the positive qualities of the frame structure, I said that one slope as a roof would be enough, therefore, you are probably interested in the question "how to make a pitched roof on a barn." And in order to understand this, you should read this article in its entirety.

Preparatory work before construction. Drawings, dimensions

Preparation must be made before any work in construction. Therefore, at the very beginning, you need to take into account some of the nuances.

Even if you make a work of architectural art out of your barn, it will still be considered an outbuilding that does not really fit into the overall picture of your yard, so it is advisable to build it in the backyard
Access to it should be freely available, and not littered with all sorts of rubbish. Indeed, if it is necessary to transfer large-scale objects to the storage, additional work will need to be done to sort this trash.
Use special piles or tall blocks to position the building on a hill. This will protect the wooden elements from excessive moisture exposure, which will increase the service life. And also will not allow metal parts stored inside to corrode for no reason
The drawing of a shed with a pitched roof should be drawn up as efficiently as possible, so that in the future you do not have to equip additional extensions to it. Think over for what purposes this area will be used. For example, you can create a building with two rooms. In one you can store inventory, and in the other you can keep chickens or geese.
In the place of future construction, the land cover should be leveled as much as possible

As a rule, residents of country houses prefer several rooms. It is understandable, because division into sections can rationally distribute free square meters. The dimensions of the building are taken purely from the individual needs of the owners, but a 3x6 shed with a pitched roof is considered the standard.

Selection of materials and calculation of their needs

A frame shed with a pitched roof will require very little construction materials, but even these should be purchased wisely.

For the construction of the shed frame itself, the following materials may be required:

Six beams of 6m with a section of 10x10 cm and eight pieces of 3 m of section 10x10 cm will fit in the process of lower and upper strapping, respectively. When buying lumber, always ask the seller for the moisture content of the product, it is important that this value does not exceed 22%
Planks 40x150 mm are suitable as flooring. Their number should be counted by yourself, but about 20 pieces will leave for a shed with a lean-to roof measuring 3x6 m
Vertical supports with a section of 10x10 cm in the amount of 12 pcs. Their length should be at least 2.5 m.As a rule, the same timber is used to create a door frame

Any important wooden element should not contain knots, even small cracks, areas prone to rotting or holes from pests.

There are only two methods to set the required roof slope. For the first, you will need 4-6 bars with a section of 10x10 and a length of 50 cm each. The plans for the second method do not include the purchase of additional materials. It is enough to make the length of some supports smaller in relation to the other.

The lathing needs boards with a section of 22x100 mm. The quantity will be approximately 18 pieces. If you do not want to put heavy roofing materials on their surface, then you can take less
If you are not interested in the aesthetic appearance of the room from the inside, then multilayer plywood, for example, chipboard or fiberboard, is quite suitable as a ceiling.
What are wooden frames without nails? Of course, you can't do without them. Their correct use is especially important when joining the beams in the corners using the “in the paw” method. And if you use the "half-tree" technique, then it is worth purchasing several metal corners or strips

IMPORTANT: The fastening of the boards must be done so that the nail goes through and digs into the other. This is the only way to achieve a stronger connection.

In addition to nails, you will need self-tapping screws and screws, as well as L-shaped plates
If you need to insulate the walls of the barn, you will need thermal insulation, waterproofing and vapor barrier

Full analysis of the technology of building a barn with one slope

After the calculations, the practical work begins, in which everything is different. And we will naturally start from the foundation.

Foundation. Choosing the best

For almost all buildings, the foundation is one of the most important elements. As it for frame types of sheds, tape, columnar or just wooden is suitable.

Tape

To ensure maximum protection of wooden elements, a strip foundation is used. To create it, you will need to build a base of concrete, the height of which is 40-50cm. At the same time, it is important to accept the fact that this type of foundation will not work in sedimentary soil. Only screw piles are suitable for it.

As the initial work on the construction of the strip foundation, you should acquire a trench along the designated perimeter. It should be 40 cm deep and 0.4 m wide. After the excerpts, it is necessary to fill the bottom of the trench with a sand pillow, it will occupy 10 cm of volume. A waterproofing layer must be laid on top of the sand cushion in order to prevent concrete in its liquid state from seeping into the sand.

After such work, the assembly is carried out, as a rule, of wooden formwork, although there is still a metal one. Part of it should be above ground level and equal to the height of the base. To tie the individual formwork elements into one system, various clamps and spacers are used, and supports are fixed to the upper part. This allows the entire structure to keep its shape even under high pressure from the inside. The bottom layer of concrete elements is usually reinforced, which is why the reinforcement is laid directly on the waterproofing layer. The section of the metal rods should be 10-12mm and be in the form of a kind of mesh.

Filling the space between the formwork panels is made with concrete of the M200 or M250 grades.

Do not divide the process of pouring concrete for several days - this can lead to the formation of cracks throughout the entire volume of the foundation. For the same reason, it is not necessary to carry out these works in rainy or very hot weather.

Formwork panels must fix the mass of concrete until it is completely hardened. The peak of its strength falls on the 28th day, but how much to wait is up to you. I will say one thing, that already on the third day, the strength characteristics of concrete are 50%. Therefore, if you want the highest quality foundation, then it is advisable to wait for the maximum possible period.

If your structure definitely cannot be attributed to large, then a shallowly buried strip foundation is quite suitable for you.

Wood

Larch logs are actively used as such a foundation. Their diameter should be about 30 cm, and the surface needs to be treated with bitumen 2-3 times.

For the installation of a wooden foundation, holes are pulled out up to 150 cm in depth and 10 cm wider than a log. The bottom of such a depression is covered with sand by 10 cm, forming the necessary pillow. Bitumen acts as a waterproofing material. They process the logs of 1.5 meters of logs, which will have to plunge into the ground.

After the log is lowered into the hole, the voids of the cavity are backfilled. In order to give the soil the maximum possible compaction, it is watered and tamped. And some fill this void with concrete.

Wooden piles may well become an affordable solution to the problems of foundations in any soil.

Columnar

For the frame type of buildings, as a rule, they use the columnar type of foundations. For high-quality work on the ground, its markings are created using pegs and a cord. Along the marked perimeter and in the corners, holes 30-40 cm in depth are pulled out.

It is not necessary to carry out marking work by eye, use a nylon thread if you do not have a cord. This will eliminate the possibility of error.

When digging a hole, I advise you to make it more than 70 cm, which will be a level below the freezing layer. The bottom, as usual, is laid with a sand pillow, but already its height is 15 cm in a rammed state. For more confidence, I advise you to lay on top of a layer of fine gravel, about 10 cm will be enough. After these actions, the columns of bricks are laid, and a cement mixture is used as a solution. A masonry of 4 bricks is quite suitable for a small building, and if it is large, then it is worth using more of them.

Any brickwork must be treated with waterproofing products.

IMPORTANT: When creating pillars from bricks, use a building level so that they all lie in the same plane. This will provide a strong stability for the structure.

The void that remains between the ground and the column is filled with soil, and it is better to use sand or fill it with mortar. Hollow concrete blocks are a worthy replacement for columnar foundations. Their dimensions are usually 40x20x20cm. But when installing such an element, the voids in it should be filled with a solution.

Building frame

When you have decided on the choice of the foundation and completed its filling according to the technology, then you can proceed to the construction of the frame itself.

Suppose that your choice fell on a columnar type of foundation.

At the very beginning of the work, do not forget to isolate the stone from the wood. To do this, it is worth putting several layers of roofing material on each column. This will protect the bottom of the timber frame from excess moisture that will collect in the brick.

After the installation of the waterproofing layer, you can proceed to the strapping from the bottom. The strapping is made with a 10x10 cm bar, and beams and logs are mounted from a 5x10 cm bar. By the way, it is unacceptable to use their step more than 60cm.

All connections are made by the method "in the floor of the tree", and ordinary nails are used as fasteners.

Vertical elements are created from a 10x10 cm bar, fastening occurs on L-shaped metal elements, nails or ordinary screws. The distance between such posts should not exceed 1.5m. To give additional stability, additional beams are arranged diagonally with dimensions of 4x10 cm.

IMPORTANT: If the connection still looks flimsy when using nails or self-tapping screws, then it should be reinforced with metal corners.

In the construction of outbuildings, it is widely practiced to use frames not from wood, but from metal pipes.

Thanks to the profiled metal parts, the positive qualities of the frame look more attractive. Judge for yourself.

Metal materials during construction will not bring unnecessary waste that will litter your yard
Assembly and dismantling of such a structure takes a minimum of time.
If there is a need for transportation, then this can be easily done on your own without using cranes and trucks.
Since only metal parts are used in the frame, there is no need to build a foundation. And as it is, ordinary gravel, poured on a flat base, will do.
Load from snow on the roof and strong gusts of wind is easily tolerated through the use of reinforcing reinforcement
Profiled pipes have a wide range of colors, therefore, you can create a colorful building
The design is very practical, because its elements are not subject to decay, and only one painting can protect against corrosion for a long time

Stronger pipes are selected based on the fact that increased loads will act on the building during the service life. Then the lower strapping should be made of pipes with walls 8 mm and a diameter of 100 mm. A profile with a cross section of 6x6 cm is often used as reinforcement elements.

Give considerable attention to the log flooring as a sub-floor. Their step should not exceed 60cm. Fastening to the bottom strapping is done thanks to the welding machine.

After all these works, you can start to overlap the floor. It is a profile frame. Also at this stage, beams will be mounted, and at the end there is a sheathing.

The rafter system will be the final part when erecting a frame made of profiled pipes. It can be located either separately from the entire system, or be merged with it. As a load-bearing part, as a rule, a channel of a large cross-section is used, to which all the elements will be fastened.

After all the connecting work, you can start finishing.

Floor and wall structure

After assembling the frame, you need to create a base on which we can move without problems. In this case, we will have a rough floor to perform this function. OSB boards or ordinary plywood sheets with a thickness of up to 15 mm are taken as construction elements for it. After installing the plywood on the floor, it is worth taking care of the waterproofing layer, and then installing the final floor.

A quality floor can be made from grooved boards. Thanks to its indentations along the edges and special protrusions, it is possible to perform end-to-end assembly in a very short time period. Wood, as a rule, is selected from conifers, so that the resin in its structure does not allow moisture to seep out. In general, this process is very similar to a laminate flooring device.

A high-quality joining of the boards is created thanks to the various protrusions along the edges of the parts.

If you have completed the work with the installation work on the floor, then you can proceed to the construction of the walls.... By the way, in order to give the frame additional strength characteristics, temporary or permanent cuts are cut into it. Strengthening the racks with this method should be done only in places of increased loads.

The use of jibs should be done without fail if the frame will not be sheathed with plywood. It is worth noting that tiled sheathing is about 5 times more effective than jibs, but if you still do not intend to use plywood, then boards with a section of 50x100mm or 25x100 can be taken as mows. Their length must be 30cm longer than the walls themselves. It is clear that permanent jibs are arranged forever, but temporary ones should be used until the upper lags are installed, then fixing the position of the walls with their help does not make sense.

Before starting the mowing, it is worth taking care of the alignment of all walls and corners. For this, it is most convenient to use laser levels, but if it is absent, you can also use bubble levels. The jib pitch is usually 1.2 - 1.5 m. Using them as leverage will help correct some structural defects.

Correct installation of mows is an important component of the entire process of collecting the frame, so it is worth considering some rules.

The angle during installation of the jibs should be 45 ° (this value is considered ideal for imparting maximum rigidity). In door and window openings, this value can be overestimated up to 60 o
Structurally hollow jibs are allowed to be used only for the construction of small structures
Slots and gaps are not allowed
For mowing, it is necessary to create some grooves in the vertical elements when working on the lower and upper strapping. The parameter of the groove is set from the thickness of the element, and in metal structures they are arranged to the depth of the profile of the rack
All corner joints should be made in a paw or in the floor of a tree. With the technique "in the floor of the tree" 50x50mm cuts will be enough, just do not cross the middle of the element. When fastening to the paw, the same cuts are created, except at an angle. For a better connection, these places are processed with a chisel

To give greater reliability, all connections are fixed with metal corners or nails.

Wall heaters

Warming the walls of the frame will be an advisable activity, provided that living creatures are kept in the shed, so as not to ruin them in severe frosts. The following are often used as insulation materials:

Mineral wool
Penoplex
Glass wool slabs

Mineral wool

The cladding of the walls of the building with mineral wool must be carried out in accordance with all construction regulations. Insulation slabs should look like when installing roofs, i.e. made in the form of a pie. For this, mineral wool is wrapped on both sides with vapor barrier material. This will allow the insulation to get rid of excess moisture, because its presence in these layers leads to a decrease in the useful properties of the product.

An important point in the construction of mineral wool is the creation of ventilation ducts in the layer of the cake. For this, the timber cladding is laid perpendicular to the slabs. It is assembled from 20x40mm boards. A system of such elements will freely allow air to pass through, and also perfectly keep the interior decoration.

Penoplex

The thickness of this material is selected from 6cm. Penoplex installation begins with the installation of a waterproofing layer behind the crate. The pitch of the crate elements should be 60 cm. The usual nails or screws are not used as fasteners. It is appropriate to use polyurethane glue here, but of course anchors can also be used. The polyurethane foam will act as an additional fixer at the joints of the slabs.

After the glue has dried, it is covered with a vapor barrier. As a rule, a polyethylene film in the form of a foil is used as it, and a finishing layer is applied on top.

Glass wool

The device is no different from mineral slabs. But when laying it, you should take care of personal protective equipment. Get a respirator and good gloves, tight clothing should protect exposed areas of the body, and special glasses should protect your eyes.

Conclusion

It is possible to build a shed from blocks with a pitched roof exactly according to the described method. First, the place and type of foundation is selected, and then they proceed directly to the construction. The block building will have thick walls, therefore, they can not be insulated, but this is purely individual and comes from the purpose of the space.

The Internet is full of construction sites where the topic "building a shed with a shed roof" is the main one, but you will not find anything new on them, so I offer you a more interesting source of information - video.

Not a single dacha or private house can do without a place that requires the storage of household equipment. The solution to this problem is the shed.

And so that it meets all the requirements for storage and ease of construction, the best option is a shed with a pitched roof.

Choosing a place for a barn

To choose the most successful location for the utility block, you need to be guided by the following rules:

Make a choice in favor of a plot of land that is not intended for growing agricultural plants;
The place should not be located in a lowland, otherwise all rainwater will constantly flood the barn;
Engineering communications could be brought to the site;
It is desirable that the place is located on the south or southwest side.

Areas with uneven terrain or on a slope should not be overlooked. All this can be leveled either with earth masses or sand, or, during subsequent work, with a foundation.

Drawing of a shed with a pitched roof

Before proceeding with the purchase of materials, as well as for further construction, it is necessary to develop a drawing.

What is a drawing for?

The drawing is needed for some important data:

He will give a complete picture of the stages of construction and the necessary resources, with all shapes and sizes. This is such a graphical guide to all stages of construction, both for the contractor and for the customer;
The drawing will allow you to make an estimate, as well as purchase the necessary materials. Costs will be under control.

Find a ready-made one or do it yourself?

The solution to this issue depends on several factors:

Customer requirements that meet his needs;
The area or configuration of the selected site;
Design solution.

If there are no specific requirements, besides, the future farm block does not pretend to be unique, it is much easier to use a typical ready-made drawing.

For example, like below:

Construction works

After the site is selected, as well as the drawing is ready, you can proceed directly to the work.

Set of tools

No specific types of tools are required. The set is quite simple, and also quite often used in the household:

Chain saw;
Drill;
Screwdriver;
Plane;
Hacksaw for wood;
The chisel is wide;
Axe;
Large hammer;
Medium hammer;
Roulette 10m;
Level;
Bayonet shovel.

Foundation

It is enough to make a frame type with a pitched roof columnar.

To put it, it is advisable to follow the following sequence:

1️⃣ First of all, you need to place the axes (create a layout).

For this:

take a tape measure, mark the contour, hammering sharpened wooden pegs or steel rods into the ground with a hammer in the corners. And for a better tension of the rope, drive in between them;
Pull the rope over these pegs;
Check the diagonal of the resulting rectangle with a tape measure. They must be equal and the angles must be right;

2️⃣ Dig holes around each peg size 400 * 400 * 500mm;
3️⃣ Apply bituminous mastic for waterproofing on the side surfaces (poke and spoons) of each brick. This must be done before laying in the ground in order to avoid the inconvenience of applying when the posts are ready during further work;
4️⃣ Pour a sand-gravel mixture of approximately 150-200mm into each hole, which should be tamped;
5️⃣ Now you can start laying brick pillars. It is enough to make it in 1 brick, fastening the bricks together with cement mortar. The posts should protrude about 2 bricks high above the ground;
6️⃣ Check the evenness in height of all the posts with each other using a spirit level. And evenness along the axes can be done by means of a cord.

Assembling the frame

Before starting to manufacture the frame, all lumber must be treated with an antiseptic, as well as a fire retardant.

After impregnation, you can proceed as follows:

Put 2 layers of roofing roofing on brick posts, smeared on top with bituminous mastic;
Along the perimeter, including intermediate supports, install a base from a bar. You should get a mesh;
Install pins with a diameter of 12mm in the butt-joints. To do this, drill a hole of the same diameter in the center to the foundation;
Now you need to drill similar holes in the beams, which will become racks;
Next, you need to install them on the pins, attaching them to the base with self-tapping screws through steel equal angles;
Align the verticality of the racks with a level on all sides and temporarily fix it with a board 15 - 20mm thick, which will serve as a brace;
Now you need to combine the supports along the long sides at the top. For this purpose, place the beam-beam on top of the racks, strengthening with self-tapping screws together with steel corners;
Then you need to connect the supports in width. Before proceeding, it is advisable in advance, on the high side, to attach the corner to the rack. Thus, the connecting bar will only have to be put on this corner and tightened with self-tapping screws. Drive a nail 200 - 250 mm long into the end of the connecting bar through the rack.
The frame is ready.

To continue the construction of the structure, it is better to first mount the floor:

⭕️ Prepare a finished floorboard of the required size, and then cut holes in them for racks in the right places;
⭕️ Lay each board lengthwise on the lower base, attaching to it with nails or self-tapping screws;
⭕️ Nail from the end of the bottom trim of the board 100 * 40mm along the perimeter to close it, and also set the evenness of the walls for further sheathing.

Roof

The roof is designed to be single-pitched, so the frame racks have already been mounted on the basis of this: shorter on one side than on the other.

Shed roof slope

To find out how much higher one side to do - this is the value of the height of the skate, you need to use a simple formula.

Namely: the width (span) is divided in half and multiplied by the value of the slope tangent, which is taken from the Bradis table or calculated by a calculator.

Calculation of materials for a shed roof type

All materials depend on the dimensions of the utility block:

Rafters. They are usually made of boards 100 * 40mm. Their length is calculated as the ratio of the width of the barn to the cosine of the tilt angle (or you can use the Pythagorean theorem to calculate the hypotenuse of a right triangle) plus overhang (500mm on the main facade / 300mm on the back). The rafter pitch is 500–700mm. Thus, the total amount in cubes is obtained by multiplying the length by the size and by the step;
Lathing. According to the norms, for it, an unedged board 100 * 25mm is taken. Its length is the length of the shed plus an overhang of about 300mm. The pitch of the lathing depends on the roofing material, so it is better to follow the manufacturer's recommendations. For example, for ondulin, with an angle of inclination of 20 °, a step of 610 mm. But on the ridge, ribs and overhangs, the crate should be solid with a width of 250 - 300mm;
Additional struts for roof reinforcement. You can use the boards that were taken for the rafters. Their number is 2 pcs. One on each side. They will become a kind of continuation of the intermediate supports, about 2/3 of the size of the ridge;
Overhang filing. It is also made of 100 * 40mm boards. Their number: 1. Barn length plus overhang on one side; 2. Barn width plus overhang on one side.

Roof installation

Install the rafter leg boards on the edge, connecting them obliquely to the beams of the upper strapping with self-tapping screws. Additionally, drive a nail 250 mm long from above into the leg from the other edge perpendicular to the beam;
Lay the lathing flat on top of the rafter legs, starting from the overhangs, where it is solid. Fasten to the rafters with 2 nails or self-tapping screws;
Next, you need to strengthen the roof structure. For this purpose, a board, 2/3 of the height of the ridge, should be placed in the place where the intermediate support ends, fastened obliquely with a self-tapping screw with a beam on one side and a rafter leg on the other;
Now you need to hem the overhang from below, and also close the rafters from the end with a board. Fasten each board to the rafters with 2 nails or self-tapping screws, as was done with the sheathing boards;
The final step is to cover the roof with the selected roofing material.

Wall cladding

Before assembling the frame, prepare the beams for joining together. The most convenient and simple in half a tree. To do this, mark with a pencil and carefully cut out unnecessary parts. Then remove the excess with a chisel;
In order not to catch splinters, it is better to process wooden parts with a plane from all sides;
It is better to fasten the floorboards to the base obliquely. So, then it will be possible to level them with a plane and avoid cuts during operation;

The union of savings with the result is possible if you build it yourself. To do this, you need to know how a frame shed with a lean-to roof is built - the most affordable option for an inexperienced performer.

Cheap. The consumption of materials required for the construction of walls is noticeably reduced. Due to the lightness of the frame construction, a budget columnar foundation serves as the basis.
Quickly. Construction is carried out many times faster than the construction of load-bearing structures made of foam blocks, bricks, beams, logs.
Easily. The installation of the frame elements of a small shed is carried out without special construction equipment.
Practical. The building assembled from the boards on the frame can be dismantled if necessary, moved and reassembled in another place.

Among other things, it's just convenient. The frame structure adapts without problems to the economic needs and taste criteria of the owners. It is possible to add or change the configuration.

Build a cantilever-running frame over one of the walls of the frame box. The frame in such structures serves as a support for the girder, on which the rafters rest on top.
Install trusses shaped like a right-angled triangle. A long triangle boat is attached to the harness, the hypotenuse plays the role of a rafter leg.

The choice of a shed roof covering is closely related to the slope of its only plane. In most cases, these are shallow structures with a steepness of up to 8º. For their arrangement, bituminous or bitumen-polymer roll material is best suited.

Construction of a shed with a pitched roof in steps

The projects proposed by us as a sample will make it possible to build a similar object without any problems or will tell you how to make your own development.

Construction of a frame shed on runners

For convenience, we will divide the construction into the following stages:

Foundation construction... Structurally, it includes a frame attached to two parallel runners. The runners are made of 4ʺ × 4ʺ timber, the frame is 2ʺ × 4ʺ. The space between the sides of the frame is filled with 2ʺ × 4ʺ beams. The base elements are connected with nails or self-tapping screws. For reliability, it is advisable to duplicate critical places with metal corners. The skids hold 4 screws. All attachment points should be at least 1.2ʺ from the edge of the workpiece to be connected so that the wooden parts do not split.
Floor device... We measure the diagonals before attaching a 3/4 ″ plywood sheet to the frame, which plays the role of the future floor. The sizes of the diagonals must match. If the condition is not met, we identify the flaws and fix it, then we fix the sheet. Do not tighten the fasteners "all the way" so as not to damage the plywood. Along the perimeter of the floor, taking into account the doorway, we lay additional strapping.
Constructing the back wall of the frame... We cut out the details for it from the inch in size, taking into account the formation of the doorway. The top of the vertical elements should be filed at an angle of 17.5º. The wall racks are fixed with temporary jibs. After checking the installation parameters with a level gauge, the racks are attached with corners to the base. The tops of ordinary posts and short posts above the opening are connected by a board nailed from above - the back of the upper harness. It should be at an angle.
Building the front wall... It is carried out by analogy, but taking into account the absence of a doorway. We cut out the racks to size and saw them down at an angle of 17.5º in the upper part. It is more convenient to make cuts in both cases before installation. However, if there is no certainty about the accuracy of cutting and installation, it is better to cut the parts with a small margin. And after installation and fixing, file it after the fact.
Building side walls... They are made in the form of a frame with a central pillar in the middle. The outer frame elements reinforce the corner posts of the frame shed.
Making rafters... For cutting the rafters, an inch cut is used. We apply it to the place of the upcoming installation from the end and mark the cutting lines. We cut out according to this pattern from a bar 2ʺ × 4ʺ.
Installation of rafter legs... We place the rafters exactly above the uprights of the front and rear walls. For fastening, we use nails or self-tapping screws.
Sheathing... Produced by wall profiled sheet, grooved or not grooved board.
Fastening the wind board... After sheathing the walls, a 1ʺ × 4ʺ board is installed at the top along the perimeter so that the edge of the previous element is closed by the end of the next one. Cutting of parts is made with preliminary fittings according to the actual position.
Installation of the lathing... We cut out moisture-resistant plywood 1 / 2ʺ taking into account the actual area of the roof together with the board installed around the perimeter. The sheet material is fixed to the rafters.
Laying waterproofing and coating... We lay a continuous waterproofing carpet on the sloping roofs on top of the lathing. The waterproofing strips are laid from bottom to top so that the joints are directed along the flow of atmospheric water. Waterproofing is laid with an overlap of 10-15cm. A roof is arranged on top of it. In the described example, this is flexible shingles, the laying technology of which is.

At the end, the doorway is framed by jambs from a 1ʺ × 4ʺ board, door hinges are installed and the door is hung.

Construction of a stationary change house

Algorithm of work:

We check how accurately the support pillars are built. We put a board flat on a row of pillars and set the spirit level. We correct the identified errors by installing board scraps on the tops of the posts. We carry out control actions by placing the board along long and short rows.
We lay the base beam on the leveled columnar foundation. If during the erection of the pillars no anchors were laid, we first try on the timber in place and mark the points of drilling holes for fastening to the pillars.
On top of the timber, we install the frame of the lower harness and fill it inside with ordinary logs.
On the joists we lay a floor of thick plywood, boards or OSB boards. The elements of the floor are laid with gaps of 2-3 mm for linear thermal expansion.
We mount the front wall according to the dimensions. We fix its position with temporary jibs.
We assemble and install the back and side walls of the frame. If the cutting was done correctly, then the result of the assembly will be a flawless frame with walls of the same height. Otherwise, you will have to file or build up. For craftsmen who doubt the impeccability of the work, it is advisable to assemble the walls not with a finished frame, but with separate racks, cut with a small margin in length. According to this method, the top of the uprights is held together with a temporary side strap. And after the construction of all the walls, the excess is sawn off according to the indications of the upper edge of the strapping.
On top of the ends of the racks, the upper harness is installed in two rows. If a temporary side board has been used for leveling, it should be removed. The stationary harness is laid with overlapping joints of the underlying row.
We assemble a cantilever-running frame, from short racks, the top of which we saw down at the required angle to form a slope. We calculate the angle in advance by drawing a roof profile on the diagram in the form of an ordinary right-angled triangle.
We make a rafter leg template from the board, attaching the workpiece to the side of the installation site. Do not forget that the length of the rafter leg must provide the front and rear eaves.
We cut out the rafters, install them directly above the racks, and fix them with metal corners.
We arrange a continuous lathing with a waterproofing carpet along the rafters and lay a roof covering: profiled roofing steel, etc.

Upon completion of the frame, we sheathe the shed with siding or any similar material.

The device of the ramp with trusses

You can buy wooden or metal trusses ready-made, they just need to be hoisted on the roof and secured. However, the purchase will slightly increase the construction budget.

The videos in "live" form will explain how you can make a high-quality shed roof with your own hands: video instructions will visually introduce you to the process of the device.

An ingenious method of building on a tire foundation:

Common construction technology:

Frame shed on concrete slabs:

The construction of a shed with a pitched roof using frame technology is a matter that the owner can safely undertake, who has not forgotten how to hold a tool in his hands.

There are not too many technological subtleties, but the specifics are still there. Without taking into account the peculiarities of construction, there can be no perfect result. This should be remembered both when choosing the optimal construction method and when implementing the plans.

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