Today, a balcony or loggia is not used as a pantry, where various unnecessary things are stored. Every family tries. and that's not enough. If you do not carry out waterproofing of the balcony from the inside, its sealing and vapor barrier, you can incur considerable financial losses in the future. What these works are and how to perform them correctly, you will learn from this article.
Balcony waterproofing
Waterproofing– protection of building materials and structures from the damaging effects of water. The results of the lack of waterproofing can be seen on the balconies of the upper floors, which do not have a roof and glazing, to which water constantly flows from the roof. On closed balconies, loggias, moisture gets inside due to poorly performed sealing work.
The destruction of concrete is observed at the junction of the balcony slab to the facade slab, its edges are heavily crumbled and cracks and shells are often visible on the plane.
What should be done to avoid such a situation? One of the prerequisites is to waterproof the balcony (loggia) with sealing of the seams.
You can use the services of specialists, but this is justified for outdoor work on the upper floors. From the inside, it is quite possible to waterproof the balcony with your own hands. It is necessary to pay attention to the sealing of all seams, regardless of their condition.
First, consider what the waterproofing of a balcony, loggia is.
The diagram below shows that during these works, the waterproofing mastic creates a protective layer, and the sealing of the seams and the restoration of damaged parts of the balcony slab is carried out using sealants.
Conditional scheme for waterproofing a balcony slab
The materials used in waterproofing work are divided into several types:
- Coating compositions - bitumen-polymer, cement-polymer, bitumen-rubber. They form an elastic coating that requires a screed from above.
- Penetrating compounds are the most persistent and popular. Apply to a damp surface, fill all cracks. They also increase the strength of building materials by 15-20%. But it can only be used for waterproofing concrete surfaces.
- Pasting materials - polymeric (viniplast, polyethylene) and non-polymeric (fiberglass, roofing material). They are rarely used for waterproofing balconies (loggias), because working with them is expensive and laborious.
Consider step by step how to waterproof the balcony and loggia together with sealing.
Floor waterproofing
Work begins with the implementation of a concrete screed. For an open balcony, it is necessary to make a screed with a slope of 2%. It is necessary for the free descent of water from the surface of the plate. The screed is reinforced with a metal mesh.
When performing a screed, three types of seams are necessarily provided:
- Compensatory - is formed when laying the pressure layer. Another name is temperature.
- Forced - seams that divide the screed into squares.
- Wall-mounted - located at the junction of the balcony slab to the facade.
Subsequently, 50% of the seams are filled with sealing mastic, into which an elastic cord is pressed.
The screed is cleaned of dust and debris, a primer is applied to it for better adhesion. One of the best is the WB Primer.
We apply several layers of polyurethane mastic (for example, Hyperdesmo RV) on moistened concrete. The final thickness of the insulation on the floor of the balcony, loggia must be at least 20 mm.
In addition to the floor, the waterproofing layer should also extend to the walls up to 150-200 mm.
Application of polyurethane waterproofing on the floor of the balcony (loggia)
Loggia waterproofing from the inside using polystyrene foam and vapor barrier film
Sealing and waterproofing the balcony ceiling from the inside
After glazing a balcony, a loggia, during precipitation, we sometimes see an unpleasant picture - a balcony is flowing. This could happen if the ceiling and roof of the balcony (loggia) were not sealed and waterproofed.
With poorly sealed balconies, the joints of windows leak, the roof flows from above, floods the floors. How to fix this defect?
From the inside, all work to eliminate the leak can be done independently. We seal all seams. We use polyurethane sealant Germoplast or Emfi. Before covering up the defects, we cut the seams and cracks with a grinder, clean them of dust and moisten them with water. We also pay attention to dark spots on the ceiling - in these places there may be microcracks through which water also flows. We also cut and seal them.
Sealing joints with polyurethane sealant
Next, we examine (loggias). Often frames are installed with technology violations. These shortcomings will have to be corrected with your own hands. Otherwise, having sealed and waterproofed the ceiling, we will constantly observe how water flows through the cracks in the glazing.
When installing glazing, mounting foam is used. Under the influence of ultraviolet rays, the foam is destroyed, water flows freely through these seams. It is necessary to partially remove the outer layer of foam, fill the formed groove with a hydro-swellable elastic cord. Under the influence of moisture, the cord increases in volume and prevents water from flowing in this place.
Leak at the bottom of the loggia frames due to poor sealing
We start waterproofing the ceiling by cleaning the entire surface and treating it with an antiseptic for (for example, Dali). Then we perform sealing of cracks and chips according to the technology described above.
For the ceiling, it is better to use polyurethane mastic Elastomiks or Elastopaz. They have good adhesion and it is not very difficult to apply it to the moistened surface of the ceiling.
The ceiling is covered with mastic in two layers - the direction of the second is perpendicular to the first. The waterproofing layer is reinforced with mesh after the first layer. To create a durable crystalline protective layer, it is necessary to allow the mastic to harden for 3 days.
When sheets of foiled polystyrene foam are glued to the ceiling - it also acts as a vapor barrier. The seams between them are also sealed.
Roof waterproofing
It is not always possible to do a complete sealing and waterproofing of the loggia with your own hands. We are talking about the upper floors - the roof of the loggia is leaking and external work is required. Who should fix the leak? It is impossible to do such work on your own - it is very dangerous. What to do in this case? It is necessary to invite experts.
You can watch how the work on waterproofing and sealing balconies (loggias) is carried out on the video on the Internet.
Conclusion
Now we know that waterproofing protects the balcony (loggia) from premature destruction under the influence of water, and sealing eliminates any leakage, preventing moisture from getting on unprotected surfaces.
As you can see, you can independently, using modern materials, carry out work on sealing, waterproofing the loggia and balcony. Protect them from even a small leak and dampness.
Which can be used at any time for different purposes.
A balcony in a wooden house needs waterproofing to a greater extent than any of its counterparts in a stone building. After all, it is no secret that a tree is extremely susceptible to the negative influence of precipitation, with high dampness, a mold fungus quickly starts in it, contributing to its accelerated destruction.
Conventionally, the waterproofing of a wooden balcony can be divided into several steps. Here, in many respects, everything depends on what type it belongs to - open or closed. Many today turn their balcony into a kind of pantry, others into a study, and still others into a recreation area. In all these cases, reliable insulation and waterproofing, which can significantly increase comfort, cannot be dispensed with.
Waterproofing an open balcony in a wooden house
When waterproofing an open balcony in a wooden house, it is important to create a slight slope of the coating away from the house, this will avoid the accumulation of water on its surface, absorbing which the wooden floors will dampen and collapse. On average, the difference in the height of the edges of the coating near the house, and at the edge of the balcony should not exceed 4 cm, this will avoid breaking the hydraulic insulation.
For any type of balcony, floor waterproofing has a primary role. There are a huge number of materials intended for such an operation, among which there are - rolled, liquid, film and even membrane.
Much in waterproofing depends on the design of the balcony and whether it exists in a ready-made form or is only at the stage of preparation for construction. In the latter case, everything is much simpler and you can build a waterproofing system at the same time as the balcony itself. So, for example, in Switzerland, a balcony covering is lined on a special sheet of metal, between the boards of which small gaps of a few millimeters are left to ensure ventilation of the metal layer.
In the event that the balcony has already been built, the simplest, not expensive and at the same time reliable option is to carry out work to strengthen it and pour a small layer of concrete screed mixed with liquid rubber over the base. Those for whom this method is not suitable for any reason can use special waterproofing boards that are mounted directly under the floor covering.
Excellent waterproofing of the balcony floor in a wooden house can also be obtained thanks to liquid rubber, which is applied to the tree with a special sprayer. The main thing before this is to tightly seal all the cracks between the boards, ordinary mastic is perfect for this. Unfortunately, this method has one serious drawback. For its implementation, special expensive equipment is required, which means that using this method to waterproof the balcony in a wooden house with your own hands will most likely not work and you will have to call the master.
Waterproofing a closed balcony in a wooden house
Waterproofing a closed balcony in a wooden house is not much different from an open balcony, but this is only when it comes to flooring. It should not be forgotten that in closed balconies and loggias, in addition to the floor, there are also ceilings and walls, which also need to be given time in the process of waterproofing.
Note! The best way to waterproof the ceiling is to saturate it properly with special polyurethane mastics. It should be said right away that they are not cheap, but they pay off with interest, since the use of cheaper products will require at least their annual renewal, and polyurethane-based mastic will not require replacement for as long as 5 years.
If there is access to the ceiling of the balcony from the outside, then it is quite possible to carry out waterproofing using the same method as waterproofing the floor covering, or even create a reliable roofing.
Waterproofing the walls of a closed balcony in a wooden house is done in one of the following ways:
- Painting - the most popular method, which is the process of applying special protective varnishes containing rubber additives. Unfortunately, this option is short-lived and requires regular renewal of the protective layer, due to which, economical at first glance, it turns out to be one of the most expensive;
- Pasting - these protective materials are both self-adhesive and glued to the surface under the influence of high temperatures. The most popular pasting material is roofing material and its analogues. This method is quite laborious and requires a fairly frequent update of the protective layer, so it has become less and less popular lately.
- Water repellents are ready-made mixtures sold in most hardware stores. They have water-repellent properties, thanks to this they provide protection of the loggia from moisture at a sufficiently high level. Unfortunately, they are destroyed quite quickly under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, so it is recommended to use them only for internal waterproofing;
- Powder - these products include the usual cement mixture with hydrophobic additives like liquid rubber, tile adhesive and special types of plaster. Of the disadvantages of powder waterproofing, only relatively low resistance to mechanical damage can be mentioned.
That's all the basic methods of how to waterproof a balcony in a wooden house. As can be seen from the above, it is quite within the power of any ordinary homeowner, in most cases it does not require special skills and special training. However, only by turning to professionals with a good reputation, you can get a truly reliable and high-quality insulation of your balcony.
In cloudy weather, you can see how the balcony flows, the water floods the floor. It seems that all our work has been done in vain. Do not despair, because everything can be fixed.
To do this, it is necessary to waterproof the balcony from the inside in parallel with its sealing. If you have a question - how to waterproof a balcony, loggia and seal them, in this article we will try to give you the most complete answer. In addition, you will find here not only answers to all your questions, but also detailed diagrams, as well as illustrations. First, let's understand what waterproofing is and why it is needed.
What is waterproofing
Waterproofing serves to protect building materials from water flowing through defects in the joints of reinforced concrete structures. It is carried out by applying materials of various types on the surface of the floor, ceiling, vertical partitions of the balcony, loggia. With illiterate waterproofing, water gets into the room on the loggia, the ceiling covering, after which active leaks begin.
Traces of water impact on concrete structures are clearly visible on open balconies (especially on the upper floors). The edges of the balcony slab are destroyed, the place where the carrier slab adjoins the house is crumbled in places. Therefore, we immediately conclude that waterproofing an open balcony is necessary.
Sealing and waterproofing a balcony with your own hands can be done with little building experience. Consider the sequence in which the waterproofing of balconies and loggias is carried out. Immediately, we note that waterproofing is carried out in parallel with sealing, which we will discuss below.
Balcony ceiling waterproofing from the inside
The top plate, which is the ceiling, is cleaned of old plaster, we seal the seams and cracks. We coat the entire ceiling with an antifungal antiseptic, for example, Belinka. We breed a two-component polyurethane mastic (for example, Hyperdesmo), which forms a durable elastic seamless coating that does not require prior leveling of the base.
After applying the first layer, we reinforce it with a mesh with a cell of 5x5 mm. The second layer is applied perpendicular to the dried first. Let the waterproofing coating dry completely and then we begin work on. We paste foam sheets on the ceiling and fasten a vapor barrier film over them (for example, Izospan). . But these works are carried out when the waterproofing and sealing of balconies (loggias) is fully completed.
Applying waterproofing to the ceiling of the loggia
Waterproofing of walls, vertical partitions of balconies and loggias
We glue foil polystyrene foam to the walls that have been cleaned and smeared with an antiseptic - the most optimal material for vertical surfaces, which also acts as a vapor barrier for the balcony. We seal the joints between the sheets. We apply two layers of polyurethane mastic for waterproofing. We turn to the processing of the floor.
Loggia waterproofing from the inside with a vapor barrier coating
Floor waterproofing
Summarize. From our article, you learned how important sealing and waterproofing of balconies and loggias is. It is not very difficult to carry out these works. The main thing is accuracy and care.
September 9, 2016Specialization: Capital construction works (laying the foundation, erecting walls, constructing the roof, etc.). Internal construction works (laying of internal communications, rough and fine finishing). Hobbies: mobile communication, high technologies, computer equipment, programming.
Few people know that the waterproofing of a balcony is one of the important and mandatory stages of its construction or decoration. For example, in my son's country house, he is located above the bay window. And if I had not taken appropriate measures in time, rain and melt water would have penetrated into the living quarters, because the tightness of the concrete slab is not enough to retain moisture.
Three days ago I was waterproofing an open balcony in my client's private home and this was a great opportunity to prepare the appropriate material for you. The instructions below describe how to do everything quickly and efficiently.
The need for waterproofing
To begin with, I want to say a few words about how important the waterproofing of a wooden balcony in a country house or a concrete loggia in a city apartment is. If you neglect this stage of construction and decoration, in the near future you risk not only losing the exquisite decoration of this room, but also encountering leaks in the rooms.
I can offhand name only the most negative consequences of the operation of balconies and loggias (especially open ones) without a waterproofing layer:
- damage to the decorative material that you used to equip the auxiliary room;
- corrosion of metal parts of the balcony and reinforcement of the balcony slab;
- the appearance of fungi, mold and other microorganisms (this is especially dangerous if the balcony is wooden).
The worst option of all possible is a violation of the integrity of the supporting structures of the balcony. They can rot or rust to the point where the structure is dangerous to use.
It is very important to waterproof the balcony when insulating it with mineral wool heat insulators. Their technical characteristics greatly deteriorate when wet, so the layer of insulating wool must be carefully protected from the penetration of atmospheric moisture.
I will immediately note another important point. If an open balcony is waterproofed under tiles or similar flooring, measures must be taken to ensure that rain or melt water that gets inside is removed through specially equipped drain holes. Otherwise, during a heavy rain or spring snowmelt, it will quickly turn into a pool.
Waterproofing materials
I hope I have convinced you that it is necessary to protect a balcony or loggia from water. Now let's move on to the story of what materials can be used for this. Description of all the technical characteristics of each waterproofer is not the purpose of this article, so I will go through briefly:
- Cast. These are polymer compositions that are heated to a fluid state and applied to the treated surfaces (most often floors). I consider excellent efficiency as a plus (the frozen polymer is absolutely hermetic and has no seams). Minus - the risk of cracks during deformation of the treated plate. As an example, I can name Drizoro Maxelastic Pur.
- Painting. Materials based on bituminous resins, which, after hardening, form a homogeneous, hermetic and elastic membrane that does not allow water to pass to building structures. I often use bituminous mastics to process balconies from the inside with my own hands. They are applied with a brush, roller or spatula and work very effectively. An example of such a material is TechnoNIKOL mastic.
- Deep penetration. Waterproofing compounds (for example, Penetron), which, after being applied to wooden or mineral surfaces, penetrate into the material and form directional crystals there that retain water, but do not prevent air infiltration. This is a very effective way of waterproofing if the high price doesn't put you off.
- Okleyechnaya. Rolled materials are used, which are rolled out on the surfaces to be treated and fixed on them with glue or bitumen.
The disadvantage of this method is the need to seal the joints. And the installation technology itself is quite complicated. But the cost of waterproofing membranes is low.
I use combinations of different materials in my practice. For example, if inside the waterproofing of the balcony floor can be done with coating mastic, then, for example, it is better to protect the roof with pasting membranes. And treat hard-to-reach places with penetrating impregnations.
Balcony waterproofing technology
Well, now I will go directly to the description of the process of waterproofing the balcony. Let me remind you that in my case we are talking about a balcony with a concrete floor slab and a fence, which is located on the 5th floor of a standard high-rise building in the city.
Surface preparation
I always start with careful surface preparation. To begin with, the concrete floor and part of the walls must be cleaned of old finishing materials (if any), mortar residues, oil and grease stains, dust and other contaminants that can adversely affect the adhesive properties of the floor.
For this purpose, I use a hard brush or vacuum cleaner, which quickly and efficiently removes dust from the mineral surface.
Then I treat the surfaces with a primer (), which improves the adhesive properties of the balcony floor and helps reduce the consumption of waterproofing composition. I always prime surfaces twice with intermediate drying of the layers (which takes about two hours).
During the inspection of the concrete floor slab, I found several defects in the base. If it also happened to you, listen to how to repair:
- First of all, you need to remove all the pieces of concrete that themselves peel off and fall off. In these places, I additionally worked with a perforator chisel so that later the base shifts would not violate the integrity of the waterproofing layer.
- I did not touch two very small cracks with a chisel, but washed down a little with a grinder with a cutting disc. Then I filled all the defects with cement mortar and carefully leveled it with a spatula (naturally, dust and debris were removed from them with a vacuum cleaner).
- In one place, the slab broke off so that a piece of reinforcing bar became visible. I cleaned it with sandpaper from traces of corrosion, after which I smeared the surface with an anti-corrosion compound.
- Then, from above, I also sealed this recess with a bar with cement mortar. But you can also use special repair compounds for surfaces (for example, Neocret).
Having finished with the repair, I took an elastic tape (Lipex K-2) and glued it on the joints of the horizontal surface of the floor and the vertical surfaces of the walls (the so-called movable joints). This sealing tape will allow you to maintain the integrity of the waterproof membrane with possible movements of the balcony base.
After completing all the preparatory work, you should get a surface that meets the following requirements:
- The maximum allowable difference in the height of the treated surface should not exceed 2 mm.
- There should be no sharp protrusions on the floor that could compromise the integrity of the waterproofing layer being formed.
- Surface moisture should not exceed 4%. If this parameter is higher, excess moisture will be locked inside the floor slab, which will lead to a gradual leaching of the mineral surface and, as a result, a deterioration in the bearing capacity.
If you are going to waterproof a porous base (for example, foam blocks), then, on the contrary, you need to moisten it a little, otherwise the sealing mastic will not dehydrate properly and it will not form a waterproof layer.
Having finished preparing the surfaces, you can proceed to the preparation of the selected waterproofing material for work.
Sealant preparation
In the case I describe, I used a bitumen-polymer mastic, which was supplied in a bucket and was already ready to work without any additional effort on my part. But some waterproofing agents (for example, cement-based) are sold as a dry powder that must be prepared.
To do this, the dry mixture is poured into a container, where the required amount of water is added (the temperature of the liquid should be in the range from 15 to 20 degrees Celsius), after which the whole mass is mixed with a drill with a special nozzle. You should get a homogeneous mass without the slightest lumps.
Then you need to leave this mass for 3-5 minutes so that all the components are activated (the solution is “ripe”), and then mix it all again. The solution obtained in this way remains suitable for an hour. Therefore, you do not need to dilute a large amount of the solution, otherwise it may harden before you use it.
The cleanliness of the container is very important for the quality of the prepared solution. Never mix a new batch of mortar in the same bucket as the old waterproofing material. Otherwise, it will turn out to be a leaky waterproofing layer, but ordinary garbage, which will then have to be cleaned off and all the procedures will have to be performed again.
That is why, by the way, I prefer to use ready-made mastic.
Application of waterproofing
Well, now it's time to reveal to you all the secrets of applying mastic to the balcony floor. Here, as you understand, there is no need to be seven spans in the forehead. It is enough to take into account the following points:
- You can work only if the temperature of the air and the surface to be treated is above + 15 degrees Celsius, and the humidity does not exceed 60%.
At the same time, if work is carried out on a glazed and insulated balcony, then it is necessary to create such conditions there in advance, no later than two days before the start of work. In addition, the same temperature and humidity must be maintained for 12 hours after applying the mastic so that it polymerizes normally. - I apply waterproofing on the surface of the balcony with a wide brush. If the mastic is thick, it can be smeared with a spatula.
- The hardening time depends on the thickness of the applied layer and the type of mastic. Usually, further work on the installation of flooring can be carried out two days after treatment.
Features of waterproofing the ceiling
Sometimes it becomes necessary to waterproof not only the horizontal balcony slab, but also the ceiling of the balcony (for example, when it is located on the top floor). In this case, I advise you to use adhesive waterproofing with an adhesive layer activated by high temperature (gas burner or building hair dryer).
In this case, the workflow will be as follows:
- I pre-cut sheets of pasted waterproofing (for example, TechnoNIKOL) into segments of the desired length.
- After that, I heat the surface of the material with a gas burner.
- I lay the membrane on a previously cleaned and repaired surface.
- I glue the next strip so that it overlaps the previous one at a distance of about 10 cm.
- After installing the first layer of waterproofing over the entire surface of the balcony, I seal the joints between the strips with liquid bitumen.
- Then I lay the second layer of waterproofing, but so that the strips run perpendicular to the bottom ones. In this case, maximum water resistance is ensured.
Summary
Now you know how do-it-yourself balcony waterproofing is done. If you are interested in the features of performing work in a wooden house, you can familiarize yourself with them in the video in this article. And I would like to ask you how you waterproof the roof of the balcony on the top floor? What are you doing to keep water out? Post your answers in the comments to the article.
Weather conditions most often harm the balcony than the rest of the apartment, so try to pay attention to temperature changes and high humidity. If you have a habit of relaxing on the balcony or storing things there, be sure to take care of waterproofing.
Waterproofing protects the balcony from dampness, fungus and unpleasant moisture of all things left behind. High-quality waterproofing materials will protect balcony walls, floors and ceilings.
Cladding tiles, contrary to popular belief, do not protect concrete walls. Moisture will easily pass under such a barrier and significantly damage the strength and appearance of your balcony. Take care of waterproofing and you will significantly extend the life of your repair. In addition, waterproofing helps to resort to interesting tricks, for example, to organize a winter garden right on the balcony. Suitable for plant and nature lovers, useful for people with weakened immune systems.
Why is it necessary?
It would seem, why do insulation if the balcony looks good anyway, and you clean it regularly. But it is worth missing this important detail, and you will not recognize your balcony.
It will lose its appearance very quickly, because panels, tiles, decorative details can simply fall off or change size.
Metal parts rust and become brittle. This is not only not beautiful, but also dangerous, because you can accidentally lean on such a railing.
You will not be able to weather the unpleasant odor, because mold and mildew will form.
Being on such a balcony is unpleasant, in addition, you can seriously harm your health. Such a structure will collapse under the influence of moisture, dampness and rust, which means that not only you, but also those around you will suffer. That is why waterproofing is a must, it remains only to find out how to prepare for it.
Preparatory process
Remember that you need to prepare carefully, choosing all the materials and as carefully as possible. If you do at least one stage incorrectly, then all waterproofing will lose all meaning.
1. Dismantling. Perform carefully, you need to remove the coating on the floor. Do not rush, otherwise you may damage the main surface.
2. Concrete. Examine the surface carefully. If something peels off due to moisture, remove immediately. It is better to remove with a perforator. We clean the concrete with a stiff brush. It is important to completely clean the dirt and achieve the original foundation.
3. Get rid of glue and cement.
4. We expand slightly the existing cracks and seams. So the solution penetrates the screed better. Before the solution gets there, you need to remove all debris, even the smallest.
5. We remove the concrete from the reinforcement. The fittings, in principle, need to be cleaned, remove all rust and dirt. It is easier and faster to use chemical compounds, they will easily remove everything and achieve an anti-corrosion coating.
6. We restore concrete, you can also use special compounds.
7. It is important to inspect the partition and roof for leaks, cracks, old paint.
8. Roof and partition cleaning.
9. We moisten the surface and remove the remnants of glue and paint.
10. Preparation is over, you can start applying waterproofing.
An additional step is covering the roof with polystyrene foam. Roof protection from moisture is the first step to the perfect condition of your balcony.
Materials used
In the course of work, you can use the following materials, tools and compositions:
- measured capacity, so as not to be mistaken in proportions;
- a bucket for breeding material;
- brush (hard pile);
- jackhammer or perforator;
- compositions - Penekrit, Skrepa and Penetron are suitable;
- polystyrene foam with foil;
- sealant;
- foam (necessarily without toluene);
- "KT throne";
- protective equipment: respirator, goggles, gloves.
There are two types of waterproofing materials: coating and penetrating. The latter work only with concrete, because there are pores and cracks. Coatings are ideal for wood, brick and stone.
It is very convenient to use waterproofing materials directly in rolls. But this is only an additional protection, without special compounds, cracks and mold can still form. Most often, for this they buy a special insulation with foil, mineral moisture or polystyrene foam. The advantages of rolled ones are that they are very easy to lay: they are simply cut off and the plates are attached to the size of the balcony.
Roof, ceiling and partition processing
Almost all surfaces on the balcony are treated in the same way. But be sure to protect from moisture not only the floor, but also partitions with a roof. Pick up a coating or penetrating composition, cover it with polystyrene foil. Try to stick carefully so that the plates do not move and gaps do not form.
The roof is treated with special care. Also using compounds, filling the seams with sealant, attaching insulation.
Waterproofing is required for balconies on the highest floor, then the roof from above must also be covered with mastic or rolled material.
Photo: vk.com, izoler.ru, ideas.vdolevke.ru
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