According to their quantitative composition, the ensembles can be divided into small, medium and large.
Each of them has its own organizational, creative and psychological patterns. The composition of small ensembles usually does not exceed seven to eight people.
Psychologists believe that the stability of relations, mutual sympathy, unity of views and actions are possible precisely in such a group of partners. But consistency is achieved here only with the psychological compatibility of all members of the group. It is much more difficult to choose a team of seven or eight most compatible musicians than from two or three. Therefore, in performing practice, duets, trios, quartets are more common. Quintets, sextets, septets, octets are less common.
It must be said that the process of formation of folk ensembles of various composition is currently far from complete, new instruments are being introduced, there is a constant desire to expand the timbre boundaries, to enrich the repertoire.
There are two types of ensembles of Russian folk instruments: - homogeneous and mixed.
About the repertoire. When organizing an ensemble in educational institutions or in collectives of amateur art, the leader (teacher) is faced with the problem of the repertoire.
Unfortunately, composers do not create enough music specifically for various kinds of ensembles.
Ensembles constantly have to deal with the problem and difficulty of replenishing the repertoire. Of course, you need to be able to competently and well do re-instrumentation from other scores, or instrumentation from the piano clavier, and so on.
The solution to the problem of repertoire for ensembles of folk instruments is always in the creative competence of the leader. Choosing a repertoire, the leader uses various sources, these are published repertoire collections, educational instrumentation of students, students, and the exchange of repertoire between ensembles. The leader must always maintain contact with other creative teams.
It is the ensemble that can become a creative instrumentation laboratory. In an ensemble much faster than in an orchestra, you can analyze the score, make corrections, and find the optimal sound option. The instructor needs to really understand the nature of the work, its texture, take into account the pace, dynamics, strokes, etc.
In an ensemble, instrumentation functions are usually different from orchestral ones; each instrument can be both melodic and accompanying, the functions of the instruments become more diverse. Their difference also lies in the fuller use of expressive techniques of playing, all kinds of inventions, finds, thanks to which the content and images of a musical work are more fully revealed.
The repertoire should not only be diverse and of high quality in an artistic sense, but also understandable, accessible to students, and also well arranged for a given ensemble.
When choosing a repertoire, one should also take into account the scope of application of the selected ensemble piece in musical practice. It is advisable to draw up a repertoire plan from works of various practical applications, taking into account the situation of the future activities of the ensemble.
Purposeful selection of the repertoire certainly presupposes the gradual complication of tasks, the coverage of the main genre content of the musical literature of the folk ensemble.
Basically, the ensemble's repertoire should include works of folk music, works by Russian and foreign composers.
Various types of ensembles allow you to get acquainted with excerpts from symphonies, operas, ballets and other musical works of different genres and thereby expand the musical horizons of students, prepare them for the perception of these works in a concert hall, in a theater.
Choir (ancient Greek χορός - crowd) - a choir group, a singing group, a musical ensemble consisting of singers (chorists, choir artists); joint sounding of human voices.
A choir differs from a vocal ensemble (vocal trio, quartet, quintet, etc.) by the presence of at least two (according to P. Chesnokov, three) or more people performing the same part.
The choir is led by a conductor or choirmaster. The leader of the church choir is called the choir director.
Most often the choir includes four choral parts: soprano, alto, tenor, bass. But the number of parties is, in principle, not limited, since each of these main parties can be divided into several relatively independent parties (this phenomenon is called a division among musicians): in Vasily Titov's part-time concerts, there are 12 or more choral parts; "Stabat Mater" by Krzysztof Penderecki was written for a triple choir of 4 voices each (a total of 12 choral parts).
The choir can sing with or without instruments. Singing unaccompanied is called a cappella singing. Instrumental accompaniment can include almost any instrument, one or more, or an entire orchestra. As a rule, at rehearsals of the choir, in the process of learning a piece written for a choir and orchestra, the orchestra is temporarily replaced by a piano; the piano is also used as an auxiliary instrument in the practice of a cappella choral pieces.
Ensemble(from fr. ensemble - together, a bunch of) - means a joint performance of a piece of music by several participants or a piece of music for a small group of performers; a favorite type of music-making for a long time. In accordance with the number of performers (from two to ten), the ensemble is called a duet, trio (tercet), quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, nonet or decimet - by the Latin name of the numbers. As independent works, the ensembles belong to the field of chamber music, but are also part of operas, oratorios and cantatas. VIA (vocal - instrumental ensembles) were widespread in Russia in the seventies.
History tells us one of the possible ways of forming an ensemble: another instrumental "voice" joins the poetic melody of the shepherd's horn, he timidly seeks his way and finds it, braiding the melody of the first performer with an expressive ornament of sound laces that do not interfere with listening to this melody, but set off its beauty , as if emphasizing inventive finds.
Several singers playfully play a Russian folk round dance song. They sing it together. One simply would not have had such a variety of emotional shades, the multicolored vocal patterns created by various combinations of voices. This is also an ensemble. It cannot be called a singing competition, where each of the contenders for victory seeks to show, first of all, his own skill. In the ensemble, on the contrary, everyone tries to match their artistic individuality, their performing style, techniques with the individuality, style, and techniques of partners' performance, which ensures the coherence and harmony of the performance of a particular piece of music as a whole. The same can be said for the art of dance ensembles.
There are few instrumental ensembles. Each part in them is performed by one musician (chamber ensembles: duet, trio, quartet, quintet, etc.). The most common in composition: a piano duet, a string quartet, a quintet of wind instruments, a violin and piano duet, a trio (violin, cello, piano) and others - can often be heard on domestic and foreign concert stage.
In the XVI-XVIII centuries. There were various forms of the polyphonic ensemble. In the era of Viennese classics, characteristic ensemble genres were formed, which have retained their significance to the present day (duet of violin and piano, string quartet, etc.).
· A piece of music for two instruments or two voices with instrumental accompaniment. Each part of the duet has an independent character. The form of the instrumental duet is more extensive, the vocal one is simpler. A vocal duet is written as an independent concert number or is part of a vocal and instrumental composition, for example, an opera;
· Any artistic group of two people: a duet of singers, musicians, dancers, theater or film actors.
· In a figurative sense - any team of two people who have a common activity (for example, a duo of football strikers).
SOLO (Italian solo, from Latin solus - one) performed by one singer or instrumentalist (with or without accompaniment) as an independent part or episode of a work.
This is a group of individual dancers who, together, create a full-fledged artistic collective.
What is a dance ensemble?
The word ensemble is translated from French as a joint performance. Accordingly, in the case of a dance ensemble, it is a joint performance by individual dancers of one or a group of dances.
Main feature dance ensemble consists in the presence of music, under which the staging of one dance is carried out, which will be able to present the audience with a previously prepared story as vividly as possible.
Dance ensemble program and participants
The dance program of the ensemble can be united by a cross-cutting theme, or each dance can represent a separate story.
There are several types of dance ensembles, namely:
- pop dance ensembles.
Among the members of such a group, the most talented representatives of amateur performances are most often found, but professional artists are no exception.
Dance Ensemble of Viktor Eliseev
The creation of the ensemble took place on July 3, 1973. The head of the ensemble was Lieutenant Colonel Boris Salmin, thanks to whose activities, after 3 months, the ensemble of songs and dances toured throughout Russia.
And since 1985, Major General of the Internal Service Viktor Eliseev has been recognized as the head of the team.
In 2005, the ensemble received a grant from the President of Russia.
During its existence, the members of the collective have prepared 39 concert programs and gave about 8 thousand concerts, which were attended by more than 25 million spectators.
The ensemble includes a choir (70 people), an orchestra (40 people) and a ballet.
In addition, in 2000, with the ensemble of Viktor Eliseev, was created and children's ensemble, which includes 250 children.
Academic dance ensemble "Birch"
The creation of the ensemble fell on 1948, and the Soviet artist and choreographer Nadezhda Nadezhdina became the initiator of its appearance.
The activities of the dance ensemble are aimed at providing the audience with the opportunity to admire the performance.
Until 1959, the group consisted of only female representatives, but then there were cardinal changes, and several young people were admitted to the ensemble, thanks to which the audience was able to get acquainted with a number of such pair dances as "Stomp", "Bachelors", "Patterns".
Throughout its concert activity, the "Berezka" collective has visited almost every country, where overwhelming success awaited them.
Igor Moiseev Folk Dance Ensemble
Dance ensemble was created in 1937 by the famous choreographer and ballet master of that period - Igor Moiseev.
At the first time of its existence, the ensemble performed accompanied by a group of folk musical instruments, but already in 1940, thanks to the expansion of the ensemble's repertoire, a small symphony orchestra was created. To date, this orchestra has 35 members.
The ensemble's repertoire includes about 300 works, the most popular of which are the following:
- "Fight of two kids";
- "Partisans";
- "Polovtsian Dances";
- "Round dance";
- "Jock".
Popular pop dance ensembles
Especially popular in the modern world are ensembles(this is a type of stage dance that is most often characterized by the presence of an entertaining character). The main purpose of such a dance is to cheer up the audience.
Among the popular pop dance ensembles in our country, the following are distinguished:
- "Talochka";
- "Shine";
- "Youth";
- "Constellation";
- "ARTishok".
Popular children's dance ensembles
Not the last place on the territory of Russia is occupied by and, the number of which is increasing annually.
The most popular children's dance ensembles in our country are the following:
- "Inspiration";
- "Exciton";
- "Carousel".
It is noted that many professional dancers are sent to work in ensembles because dance group- this is a real family, whose representatives will always support each other.
(fde_message_value)
| (fde_message_value) |
Ensemble
Ensemble(from fr. ensemble - together, a bunch of) - means a joint performance of a piece of music by several participants or a piece of music for a small group of performers; a type of music-making that has been favorite since ancient times. In accordance with the number of performers (from two to ten), the ensemble is called a duet, trio (tercet), quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, nonet or decimet - by the Latin name of the numbers. As independent works, the ensembles belong to the field of chamber music, but are also part of operas, oratorios and cantatas. VIA (vocal - instrumental ensembles) were widespread in Russia in the seventies.
History tells us one of the possible ways of forming an ensemble: another instrumental "voice" joins the poetic melody of the shepherd's horn, he timidly seeks his way and finds it, braiding the melody of the first performer with an expressive ornament of sound laces that do not interfere with listening to this melody, but set off its beauty , as if emphasizing inventive finds.
Several singers playfully play a Russian folk round dance song. They sing it together. One simply would not have had such a variety of emotional shades, the multicolored vocal patterns created by various combinations of voices. This is also an ensemble. It cannot be called a singing competition, where each of the contenders for victory seeks to show, first of all, his own skill. In the ensemble, on the contrary, everyone tries to match their artistic individuality, their performing style, techniques with the individuality, style, and techniques of partners' performance, which ensures the coherence and harmony of the performance of a particular piece of music as a whole. The same can be said for the art of dance ensembles.
There are few instrumental ensembles. Each part in them is performed by one musician (chamber ensembles: duet, trio, quartet, quintet, etc.). The most common in composition: a piano duet, a string quartet, a quintet of wind instruments, a violin and piano duet, a trio (violin, cello, piano) and others - can often be heard on domestic and foreign concert stages.
In the XVI-XVIII centuries. There were various forms of the polyphonic ensemble. In the era of Viennese classics, characteristic ensemble genres were formed, which have retained their significance to the present day (duet of violin and piano, string quartet, etc.).
We live in the heyday of ensemble music making, which gave birth to a variety of ensembles: percussion instruments, early music (Madrigal), etc. The Virtuosi of Moscow are also very famous. There are usually few participants in the ensemble, therefore, during joint music-making, the play of each of them is heard, which imposes special requirements on the performer's skill: he must have special sensitivity, responsiveness, creative intuition, prompting a certain mood in a complex and exciting ensemble game with partners.
The ability to measure one's own capabilities and the capabilities of another is called ensemble performance. High samples of the ensemble were shown by the trio L. N. Oborin, D. F. Oistrakh, S. N. Knushevitsky or the duet S. T. Richter and Oistrakh. Violinist V.T.Spivakov and violist Yu.A. Bashmet, interpreting the duets of V.A.Mozart, are reputed to be true virtuosos. Their playing captivates with its temperament, unexpected sound and at the same time an extraordinary degree of mutual understanding, without which a true ensemble is impossible.
Each VIA has its own leader (perhaps more than one). This is a highly professional musician who composes and arranges for the ensemble, and an artistic director who cares about the general "class" of the ensemble, about its style, about the creation and constant updating of the repertoire; it is also a manager who is able to combine a reasonable touring workload of the ensemble with the rehearsal period necessary for the musicians' creative growth; finally, it is often a director who knows how to build a single program from a multitude of scattered pieces of music in compliance with the specific laws of a variety show. It is the leaders who bear the main responsibility for the creative destiny of the ensemble, for the selection of techniques, means that, given common genre characteristics, give a particular VIA “a face not a general expression”.
Permanent address of the article: Ensemble. Ensemble, what is it
Site sections
Electronic Music Forum
Polyphony
Polyphony (from the Greek "poly" - "many", "background" - "sound") is a type of polyphonic music in which several independent equal melodies sound simultaneously. This is its difference from homophony (from the Greek “homo” - “equal”), where only one voice is the leading one, while others accompany him ...
An ensemble is a joint performance of a musical composition by several participants. It can be vocal, instrumental and danceable. An ensemble is itself called an ensemble intended for a small cast of performers. Depending on their number, it can have different names and be called a quartet, quintet, sextet, and so on.
An ensemble can be an independent work that belongs to the field of chamber music. They are found in the choral and also in cantatas, operas, oratorios, etc. The name, which was born in the field of academic music, "migrated" and successfully stuck in others. So, for example, in Soviet music of the 1970s, the genre of a vocal-instrumental ensemble - VIA was very common.
In choir studies
The ensemble is an artistic unity, a harmonious whole, mutual consistency. In choral practice, a distinction is made between a private ensemble and a general one. The first of them is characterized by a unison group of singers, mostly of the same type in their composition. The general ensemble is a combination of the unison groups of the entire choir. Its main difference from the private one is that it is independent. The formation of a quality ensemble is a rather complicated, lengthy and laborious process. This is a whole art, which assumes that singers have an ensemble feeling, the ability to hear the voices of partners. The chorus only sounds perfect if it is properly composed.
Unacceptable and necessary points to create a better ensemble
A vocal ensemble will sound euphonious and beautiful if you consider some important points. Among the unacceptable factors, the following should be highlighted:
- the parts should not be unequal in sounding power, quality and timbre;
- in the collective composition of singers, large disparities should be avoided;
- the presence of "swinging" and "tremolating" voices is highly undesirable;
- singers with a harsh "throaty", "flat" or "squeezed" sound should not participate;
- participants who have speech defects ("lisping", "burr" and others) will complicate the work with the ensemble.
Among the necessary points it should be noted:
- singers must have good solo voices;
- all voices should be similar in timbre to each other. This results in a more cohesive and unison sound;
- correct placement of singers within each part. The presence of gradual transitions from lighter voices to heavier ones;
- quantitative and qualitative balance of parties;
- all singers must have musicality, the ability to listen to each other.
Varieties
There are several types of vocal ensemble:
- high-altitude intonation,
- tempo-rhythmic,
- metro rhythmic,
- dynamic,
- timbre,
- agogic,
- articulatory,
- homophonic-harmonic,
- polyphonic.
Each of them has its own characteristics. The purpose of the pitch-intonation ensemble lies in the dense fusion of absolutely all voices. The singers of the tempo-rhythmic ensemble are distinguished by their ability to simultaneously begin (finish) an entire work and its individual parts. At the same time, they constantly feel the metric beat, sing at a given tempo and accurately convey the rhythmic pattern. The main task of the timbre ensemble is the attentive attitude of the participants to the overall sound and color of the tone. They pay due attention to the proportionality of the shades and the softness of the voices. A dynamic ensemble is, first of all, the balance of the strength of the voices within each part, as well as the consistency of the sound volume. Dynamic balance is inextricably linked with tempo-rhythmic and timbre ensembles. Articulating - involves the development of a uniform manner of pronouncing the text. The difficulty of the polyphonic ensemble lies in the combination of the unity of the compositional plan with the originality of each line. It is equally important to preserve the expressiveness of the second and third plan.
Folklore ensemble
It seems that folklore is a long gone past. However, it still exists. After all, a living tradition is a thing of the past, but then resurrects.
At the moment, folklore holidays and festivals are very popular. Therefore, one should not forget that in our country there are people who are engaged in folk culture.
This is the Russian ensemble "Theater of Folk Music". Its leader is Tamara Smyslova. The repertoire of the folklore ensemble includes motives of the ancient Slavs, Cossack songs, collections of the Russian North and South. The material was collected over the years throughout Russia and made it possible to compose such programs as "Russian People's Theater", "Peasant Calendar Holidays", "Russian Wedding Rite" and others. Therefore, one should be proud of such teams.
Cheonan World Dance Festival 2014
Among the grandiose events of the dance art in 2014, the international festival-competition held in the Republic of Korea should be noted. It ran from September 30 to October 5. 38 teams from 22 countries took part.
The Grand Prix (the highest award) was shared by representatives of Turkey and North Ossetia. The five best collectives included the folk dance ensemble from Yakutsk (which represented Russia). Many producers were fascinated by its participants and became interested in the national flavor, repertoire and originality of movements.