Pansy flowers. Pansies: characteristics and photos of flowers Show pansy flowers

Charming pansies rarely leave anyone indifferent. Today it is a flower actively cultivated to decorate flower beds in summer cottages, in city parks. The ancestor of the Viola genus, to which the pansy flowers belong, is considered a medium-sized field wild plant.

Domesticated varieties, of which there are more than 250, the larger ones reach a height of up to 30 cm. Large bright flowers invariably attract attention. The plant does not require complex care.

There are annual, biennial, perennial pansy flowers. A variety of colors allows you to create a flower bed for every taste.

Features of care for pansies

In order for a lush, long flowering to please the eye, the following care features must be taken into account:

a sunny place that is illuminated and warmed up by gentle rays for at least 6 hours a day is the best choice for the growth of this flower;
watering is carried out weekly, shifting the humidification schedule depending on the current weather conditions;
feeding is carried out at the same frequency as watering, since the plant requires strength for an active set of buds, long flowering;
the flower is highly resistant to cold, therefore it is able to survive even with slight frosts;
it is worth waiting for flowering only in the 2nd year, since in the 1st year the plant is only gaining green mass.

Growing pansies

Pansies are an unpretentious plant, but planting and care require attention, adherence to some rules.

Planting pansies

To get flowering quickly, experienced gardeners recommend planting in mid-summer. To begin with, the seeds of pansies are planted on seedlings indoors. As soon as the heat subsides, the plants grow up - they are transferred to open ground.

Saplings are placed at a distance of 20-25 cm, since subsequently the bush increases significantly in size. The plant should be transferred along with the root soil. The planting depth should correspond to the size of the clod of earth on the roots.

The main condition for planting is the absence of sunlight when the seedlings are moved. The soil must be moist and fertilized. Until the plant takes root, it is necessary to ensure regular watering. The soil around the planted plants is mulched. Seedlings are protected from wind and cold.

Features of caring for adult plants

Planting and caring for pansies is not particularly difficult, but for the well-being of the plant, you must follow some recommendations:

the soil for flowers should be soft, fertilized, and regularly loosened;
the plant is provided with frequent feeding and watering, while the soil must have time to dry out, since root rot may occur;
it is better to shade the plant from direct sunlight, since heat slows down the development of buds, reduces the intensity and duration of flowering;
the place of growth provides aired, does not allow stagnation of water, the formation of an earthen crust;
it is necessary to form a bush - to pinch insufficiently strong shoots;
wilted flowers are removed in a timely manner to prevent seed formation and prolong abundant flowering;
dried specimens need to be cut off, and the bushes need to be fertilized;
from the moment of a steady drop in air temperature, the plant is prepared for wintering: feeding is stopped, cut off, covered with insulation (sawdust, peat).

Pansy diseases

Pansies are often susceptible to disease. The plant should be protected from diseases and pests. The main ones are called:

powdery mildew;
bacterial spotting;
gray rot.

Aphids and slugs hold the palm among pansy-loving pests.

Among the unpretentious flowers, pansies take not the last place. They do not require complex care, respond gratefully to a caring attitude. The photo of pansy flowers shows how charming these kids are.

Photo of pansies

It is not known for certain about when and how pansies appeared. There are many legends about the origin of this flower., but which of them are true and which are not, is unknown. Already during the reign of the Gods on Earth, they were already.

Once the goddess Venus decided to swim away from human eyes. She found a hidden corner in a distant grotto. She splashed in the water for a long time, and suddenly she heard a rustle. Turning around, she saw several eyes of curious mortals.

Venus became angry and punished them for their curiosity. Unable to punish them on her own, she turned to Zeus for help, and he changed his mind at the last moment and turned the curious into pansies.

Pansies are called stepmother in Germany.... This name was not invented by chance.

The lower petal is the largest and most beautiful. He symbolizes the dressed up stepmother. The other two, which are located a little higher, are beautifully dressed daughters, but the last two remaining are stepdaughters in poor clothes.

The legend has survived. At first, the stepmother was upstairs and the stepdaughters downstairs. This was until God intervened. He took pity on his stepdaughters, turned the flower over. The stepmother got a spur, and the daughters got antennae.

General description of the tricolor violet

Violet tricolor - plant with an erect, thin and branched stem with a height of 10-20 cm... The arrangement of the leaves is alternate. Their shape is round and heart-shaped. They are adjoined by large lyre-shaped stipules.

Stem leaves are sessile, and the lower ones are petiolate. On long pedicels, single, large flowers with an irregular shape open. They reach a diameter of 3.5 cm. One corolla is formed by five petals, which do not repeat each other in shape.

The lowest petal is white or yellow. It is larger than the two upper blue-violet or deep purple side lobes and the two light purple side petals.

After the pansies have faded, a box is formed. When it dries a little, it will crack and expose the seeds.

Is this plant annual or perennial?

Pansies are perennials. Most hobby gardeners buy biennials or annuals in stores. Why not perennials? The fact is that over the years, the once beautiful flower loses its beauty and originality... He ages after 3 years. Because of this, the buds become smaller, and over time they do not form at all.

Photo

Appearance

What does an annual or biennial terrestrial herb look like?

Root

By the pansies thin, rod-shaped, unbranched root of brown color... It penetrates into the ground almost vertically.

Stem

It is also branched. It is triangular. The stem is either pubescent or naked. The hairs are bent down. It is hollow inside. Its height is 10-30, occasionally 45 cm. Sometimes several creeping and erect stems extend from one root.

Leaves

The arrangement of the leaves is next... They are petiolate. They can be either naked or sparsely hairy along the veins. The lower leaves are broadly ovate. The petioles are long.

The top leaves look different. They already have an oblong-lanceolate shape. On them, the petioles are already short. Each leaf has two stipules. Their shape is pinnate-lyre. They are longer than leaf petioles.

Frontal simple brush - inflorescence type. In due time, zygomorphic flowers appear on the peduncles of the pansies. Peduncles emerge singly from the leaf axils. In the upper part of the peduncles, very close to the flower, there are two small bracts.

The calyx of the flower is formed by five leaves... It does not fall off after flowering. The shape of the leaflets is elongated-lanceolate, pointed. They are soft hairy. The lower sepals are larger than the upper ones. Corollas are collected from five loose petals.

The color is dominated by blue and its various shades. All the petals that form the flower are of different shapes and sizes. There are many legends about flowers and their color, but pansies are what they are - beautiful, unique and memorable.

The number of stamens is five. They are pressed against the pistil. They are in contact with anthers with stamen filaments, which are short and barely noticeable. The flower has one pistil.

Seeds and fruits

After the pansies have faded, the fruit will form... It is a greenish box with a length of up to ten millimeters. The seeds in it are located close to the walls. A cup surrounds the box. When it is fully ripe, three leaves will open and the seeds will fall out.

The seeds are small. Their length is 1.25-1.75 mm, and their width and thickness are 0.75-1 mm. Their shape is obovate. There is a small appendage. They are either light yellow or light brown. If pansies are planted early, they will bloom early and discard their first seeds in June.

One box can contain up to 3 thousand seeds with a total weight of 1.5 g. If you collect the seeds and organize proper storage, they will retain their germination for up to 2 years.

Most popular varieties

There are two categories of plant varieties. The first is large-flowered, and the second is small-flowered. Amateur flower growers buy large-flowered pansies. They make a mistake because small-flowered varieties are stronger and more hardy... They are not afraid of rains, temperature drops.

Pansies are the name of the garden variety. The scientific name is Wittrock's violet.

There are three types of plants: tricolor violet, yellow violet and Altai violet. Breeders have created many varieties and variety groups, based on the species listed above.

Small-flowered

Blue boy... This variety has a small flower. Its diameter is 3-4 cm, and its color is blue-blue.
Snow Maiden... The diameter of the flower is small - up to 4 centimeters, and the buds themselves are snow-white.
Little Red Riding Hood... Variety with bright red flowers up to four centimeters.

Gigantic

Golden yellow... The flowers reach 7 cm in diameter. They are monochromatic, and their color is golden yellow.
White... The color of the buds is white with a visible yellowish-greenish tint. The edges of the petals are wavy.
Blue... The buds are violet-blue. Their edges are even. A 7-centimeter flower holds well on an 11-centimeter peduncle.

Medicinal properties

The tricolor violet has healing medicinal properties due to its extraordinary composition. It contains ascorbic acid, coumarins, salicylic acid, tannins, saponins, tannins, essential oils, violokarcitrin, etc. The richness of the composition provides effective assistance in diseases.

Expectorant.
Diuretic.
Anti-inflammatory.
Antibacterial and antimicrobial.
Antispasmodic.
Choleretic.
Diaphoretic.
Cleansing the blood.
Calming.
Relieves itching.
Healing wounds.

Teas, infusions and decoctions are prepared from the plant so that a person recovers faster. Traditional medicines are taken along with them. It is recommended to treat diseases of the respiratory system with infusions and decoctions of pansies(for example, bronchial diseases, tuberculosis, pneumonia).

With a runny nose and sinusitis, nasal drops made from the plant help. Newborns develop itching and inflammation after being bitten by mosquitoes. Traditional medicine from a tricolor violet has long been able to cope with them.

To cure a strong diathesis in a child, an infusion is prepared:

Take four parts of string and violets and one part bittersweet nightshade.
All components are mixed.
10 grams of herbal collection is poured with 250 ml of boiling water.
Two hours after infusion, the infusion is taken orally.

The dose is 15 ml, and the frequency of administration is 5 times a day. The infusion is added to the bath when washing the baby.

Taking decoctions from it inside, they struggle with nervous tension, insomnia, overwork, irritability and anxiety. It helps people with arthritis and dermatitis, gout and eczema... Doctors recommend brewing violet tricolor herb for patients with severe cough, vitamin deficiency, polyarthritis, and skin diseases.

It is taken orally by women who have given birth, whose uterine bleeding does not stop. Decoctions and infusions will help patients with the following diagnoses: asthma, hernia, scrofula, arthritis.

What do they symbolize?

Pansies - a symbol of devotion, loyalty and wisdom... Since they are the first to bloom after the snow melts in the spring, they symbolize spring.

There are many legends not only about the flower, but also about its origin. An old belief says that once the girl Anyuta showed excessive curiosity, becoming interested in the details of someone else's life. As a punishment, they turned her into a flower. The Romans believed that the flower appeared because of the anger of Venus at the men spying on her bathing.

In Russia, they laid down their legends. Because of love, the girl Anyuta turned into a flower. She fell in love with a young man, and he reciprocated her feelings. Since he was from a wealthy family, his parents insisted on his marriage to another, more wealthy girl. Anyuta could not stand his betrayal and weakness. She died.

There was another girl, Anyuta, who sent her betrothed to the war, with whom he did not return. She looked through all her eyes, peering into the distance, and so she died without waiting. In the place where she was waiting for him, a flower of wondrous beauty and singularity blossomed.

And a completely scary story in the end. A girl named Anyuta lived in one village. She was kind and trusting. Once a handsome young man looked into her village. The girl could not resist him, trusted him, and he deceived her. He promised to return for her, but did not return.

Anyuta soon died of melancholy, and wonderful flowers bloomed on the grave, similar to her unusual eyes. They had white (mutual feelings), and yellow (surprise at the act), and purple (collapsed hopes and sadness) specks.

Conclusion

Pansies are a beautiful flower, about which legends and traditions are made. He not only has unusual buds with multi-colored spots, depending on the variety. He is a real helper in diseases when traditional medicine is less effective.

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Pansies or viola - a symbol of separation in France and Poland - are familiar to everyone. Low bushes with 2-3 flowers of various colors often decorate city flower beds and garden plots, and simply bloom on their own in parks and alleys. Growing pansies from seeds or seedlings is easy, given some subtleties.

Pansies: growing and care

The main problem facing those who want to plant pansies on their site is how to grow this adorable flower. Although it belongs to the perennial group, you can work with it as with an annual or with a biennial. The choice of a specific strategy depends on the region in which the planting is carried out. In particular, in the middle lane, the viola will not survive the harsh winter, and therefore it is grown as an annual. But in the southern regions, pansies are grown as a biennial.

However, this flower cannot be called fragile and not resistant to cold weather. Those bushes that were late planted in open ground and, therefore, did not have time to get stronger in time, will not tolerate frost. In addition, if the winter turns out to be practically snowless, and in the spring the daytime heat will actively replace night frosts, the pansies will die. It is these temperature jumps that are characteristic of the sharply continental climate and the middle zone as a whole. All these nuances force gardeners to breed viola using the method used for annuals.

For example, pansies are necessarily protected from the cold by a covering material that is thrown onto the flower bed not only in late autumn, but also at the very beginning of spring. This will save the plant from temperature changes in March and promote early flowering. In winter, it is additionally required to retain snow on top of the covering material in order to increase the heat. And in no case do viols plant in lowlands, where low temperatures and moisture accumulation are typically noted.

It should be noted that pansies can be grown and propagated not only by the seed method, but also by cuttings. For this purpose, in flowers growing in open ground, often closer to July (when it comes to specimens planted in May), shoots with 2-3 nodules are cut off. Without any preliminary preparation, they are simply placed in the ground on a bed with the same soil composition as their "parents", and moistened with a spray bottle.

Their root system will develop within a month, and flowering can be expected only next year. Thus, this method is only suitable for areas with mild winters. But grafting is considered the best option for cultivating pansies, allowing you to prevent excessive growth of the bush.

Pansies: photos of flowers and the best varieties

Novice gardeners believe that in addition to the classic violet-yellow color and the less expressive white-lilac color, pansies do not have any. However, this flower has many varieties that differ in the size of the bushes, and, of course, in color. Which one to choose for your flower bed?

Among the small-flowered variants, the Snegurochka deserves attention. These are wonderful snow-white flowers with a diameter of 3-4 cm, contrasting with dark leaves. They are most often found in summer cottages, are sown and grow independently, more than unpretentious. A rather unusual variety is "Little Red Riding Hood". Its flowers are bright scarlet, as small as those of the previous specimen, but they certainly do not go unnoticed.

The group of large-flowered varieties is more popular with gardeners. The height of the bushes themselves can reach 15-20 cm, and the diameter of the flowers is 5-7 cm. The "Winter Sun" is distinguished by a yellow tint with velvety brown lower petals. "Magic of March", on the other hand, is a colder flower in color - a dark purple color, turning into black as it blooms, diameter - no more than 5.5 cm.

Another 1 group is gigantic. In fact, the bushes here are not so high (up to 30 cm), they just seem to be giants in comparison with their lower counterparts. In flowers, the diameter can reach 10-12 cm, the height of the leg - up to 11 cm. Interesting among them are the varieties "Golden-yellow", whose name directly speaks of the color, and "Blue": such a specimen also has purple blotches on blue petals ...

Growing seedlings of pansies: methods

It is necessary to understand both algorithms for growing pansies in order to subsequently choose the only convenient one for yourself. And immediately you need to note the sowing time for seedlings for each method. If the viola is grown as an annual, the sowing is carried out already at the beginning of February. In this case, the beginning of summer will be marked by blooming buds. If you want to see flowers only next year, you can sow pansies on seedlings closer to the end of June.
According to the algorithm for annual plants, viola is grown in cold regions of Russia. For this purpose, large boxes or pots are filled with a substrate consisting of sod soil and compost that has time to overheat. The ratio of these parts is equal. And after filling the containers, the soil must be carefully moistened and drawn in thin, shallow (1.5 cm) rows. They will be filled with seeds, covered with a thin layer of substrate. At the end, it is carefully trampled down.
It is recommended to cover the seedling container with glass while waiting for seedlings. For the same purpose, a dense film or even a plastic bag is used. However, they need to be shaken off the condensation every day. And the boxes themselves are kept in relative warmth, however, not as strong as for other seedlings: the upper limit of the temperature corridor is 15 degrees, the lower one is 10 degrees.
As soon as the sprouts hatch - this will happen in 12-14 days - it is necessary to put containers with seedlings on a site that receives a sufficient amount of sunlight. It could be a windowsill or even a balcony. But the air temperature should not exceed 10 degrees. A pick is made when the plants get stronger. And the planting of seedlings of pansies in open ground is carried out no earlier than the 1st of May for an annual.
How is the picking done? To carry out it, you need to wait for the appearance of 3-4 leaves on the plant, and then prepare individual pots. They need to be filled not with sod with compost, but with earth from the site on which the flowers will subsequently grow. Seedlings should be removed from the current box carefully, taking care not to damage the roots.
After this, the hardening stage begins, which lasts a whole month. Pots with young plants are taken out on a ventilated balcony, under the sun's rays, where they last only 30 minutes at first, then 1.5 hours, then 2.5 hours, etc. If further transplantation into open ground is planned, it is carried out only a month after the pick. If pansies grow on a balcony or terrace, you can redistribute them to a flower bed at any time.

Pansies: growing from seed outdoors

In open ground, pansies are sown only in the southern regions, and even there, most often - under a film or in a greenhouse. Nevertheless, the initial stage of growth in flowers should take place at the mildest possible temperature. In terms of time, this is also June, and the sowing process itself does not differ much from that which was carried out for seedlings. Unless the garden bed is filled with sod and compost, but the most fertile area with well-drained soil is simply selected. In the loosened soil, grooves are drawn with a depth of 1-1.5 cm, seeds are densely laid in them. They are covered with earth and carefully moistened.

Open ground picking is also carried out after 3-4 sheets are found, and is carried out according to the 20 by 20 scheme. They are carried around the flower beds only after a month. Until that moment, you will have to conduct an active campaign for the care of pansies. In particular, pay attention to the issue of feeding them. For this, gardeners use mineral fertilizers, where nitrogen and phosphorus must be present. Ammonium nitrate and superphosphate work well. For 1 sq. these drugs are taken for 20-30 g.

Before the flowering period, the viola is diligently watered, especially if the summer is hot. Additionally, it is necessary to remove drying leaves and wilting flowers from her.

In order for pansies to survive the winter well, it is not recommended to shift the dates of their sowing to earlier dates.

For the rest, the rules for the care and cultivation of pansies are simple. These are standard procedures found in other flowering plants. It is especially pleasant that viola easily coexists in a flower bed with any bulbous. This means that it will exactly fit into the drawing of your site.

Describe all existing varieties and hybrids of pansies(Vittrock violets, viols) is very difficult, so let's talk about the most popular of them.
For convenience, we will use the generally accepted classification by the size of flowers.

Plants in which varieties differ only in color of flowers are usually combined into variety networks, so we give their descriptions.

Small-flowered violets (pansies)

The diameter of the flowers is up to 6 cm.

Wittrock mid-flowered violets

Diameter 6-7.5cm

Photo	Description
	Trimardo. The variety series was created in France at the end of the 19th century. Gardeners love them for their fast growth, lush greenery, abundant flowering, classic flower shape. The best varieties of Trimardo pansies: Adonis - soft blue Cardinal - dark red Morenkenig - black, Lord Beaconsfield and Super Beaconsfield - blue-purple lower petals, white upper petals.
	Schweizer Riesen(Swiss giant). Large flowers on low bushes, bred in 1927. The main advantages are early flowering, abundant flowering, excellent winter hardiness. The most famous varieties: Firmware - pure white, Firnengold - golden yellow, brown spot, Orange Marie - orange-apricot, Flamme - brick red Abendglut - dark red Alpensee - blue Bergwacht - blue-violet.
	Crystal Bowl F1(Crystal Bowl F1). Dwarf variety series, includes 12 varieties. Uniform color of flowers, numerous buds, dark green small leaves. Looks best when planted in groups. An important advantage is that they tolerate heat better than other varieties, so they are chosen for planting in open areas.
	Maxim F1(Maxim Series F1). Hardy varieties that can withstand both heat and cold. Early and rather long flowering. The variety series includes 12 varieties, reflecting shades in the name (Maxim Orange, Maxim Rose, etc.), a distinctive feature is a dark eye.
	Giant Forrunner F1 (Giant Forerunner F1). One of the best in winter hardiness. Includes 15 varieties.
	Joker F2(Joker F2). The name was given because of the eye-catching color: flower petals are painted in two or sometimes three bright colors, have an interesting corolla shape. Includes 7 varieties of pansies, winter well. The Jolly Joker variety has exhibition medals.
	Veseler Ice F1(Weseler Eis F1). 8 varieties, all with abundant flowering. The color is different.
	Spring Time F1(Springtime F1). Early and long flowering, compactness, winter hardiness. There are 20 known varieties, one of the best is Spring Time Cassis, with a white thin strip along the edges of purple petals.
	Padparadscha F1(Padparadja F1). Orange-orange flowers, bright and long-lasting flowering.
	Quedlinburger Riesen(Quedlinburger Riesen). Sometimes the variety is called Quedlinburg gigantic violets, the variety has been known for a very long time. The advantage is early flowering, the disadvantage is weak winter hardiness.

Large-flowered pansies.

The diameter of the flowers is 7.5-8.5cm.

Photo	Description
	Crown F1(Crown F1). Gorgeous, bright, regular shape and color (no spots) flowers on dwarf bushes. They look great in group plantings, besides, they branch strongly. There are 9 varieties and mixtures for sale.
	Imperial(Imperial) Very long flowering variety. A flower with a large spot. 12 varieties of various colors, of which the best are Imperial Frosty Rose, Imperial Antique Shades.
	Regal F1(Regal Series F1). Almost similar to the Crown variety series. The difference is the dark eyes on the petals. 7 varieties and mixtures of varieties.
	Cat's F1(Cats Series F1). The variety series got its name "cats" because of the original pattern on the lower petals of flowers - thin stripes of contrast strictly in color, like a cat's whiskers. There are 4 varieties.
	Fama F1(Fama Series F1). A series of varieties of pansy for growing on the balcony, in pots or containers. Includes 17 varieties, flowers both monochromatic and variegated.
	Shalon Supreme(Chalon Supreme). Original strong corrugated petals in white-yellow-lilac-violet tones. 5 varieties.
	Fancy F1(Fency Series F1). 24 varieties of various colors, there are monochromatic and with spots.
	Power F1. It attracts with the brightness of the color combinations of the petals (for example, lemon with purple, red-brown with yellow). Compact bushes, flowering throughout the season. There are 13 known varieties.
	Dynamite. An interesting variety series with an unusual color. 13 varieties have bright spots on the lower petals, 10 varieties are monochromatic. Especially unusual Strawberry variety(Strawberry), included in this variety series - it changes color depending on the weather, it becomes brighter in the cold, and lighter in the heat.
	Ultima F1(Ultima Series F1). Resistant to cold weather - landed in Moscow by the day of the city (early September), bloomed almost to the point of snow. In turn, Ultima is divided into 3 groups. Ultima Baron- varieties with a very bright color: Red - red and yellow pansies, Merlot - burgundy with a white spot and light shading, Mahogany - purple with a bright yellow center, Ash - purple with a lemon spot.
	Ultima Beeken- calmer color, mostly white with shades of yellow, orange, purple.
	Ultima Raidiens- absolutely amazing transitions of shades in each flower. Pink - from light pink to dark pink, Red - from orange to dark red, Blue - from cream to dark lilac.

Giant pansies

Pansies or tricolor violet (viola) is a common variety of flowers that many gardeners love because of their simplicity in care and a variety of flowering. The color palette of the plant ranges from snow-white milky to black-purple. Thanks to the unusual pattern of the inflorescences and seed box, reminiscent of a human face, pansies are associated with many legends and superstitions. It is believed that the plant helps to find love, to bewitch a loved one. And in France and Poland, this particular flower is given after a long separation. Pansies will decorate any garden plot, flower bed or lawn with their charming look.

Description of the plant

Pansies (Viola Wittrock) belong to the group of perennial garden plants. However, due to their wide distribution in mid-latitudes, they are often grown for no more than two years. The height of the bush depends on the variety and climatic conditions, usually 15-30 centimeters. Outwardly, the flowers are very similar to violets, from which they were derived. The plant has a fibrous root system and an erect main stem.

Pansies

In the first month after planting, the bush is compact, and by the end of the first year of life, it can grow significantly in width. Flowers are solitary, but on one bush their number can be more than 10, the diameter of one inflorescence is up to 7 sentiments, depending on the variety. The color scheme of pansies is varied, which is often used by gardeners to decorate a flower bed or terrace. There are one-color varieties and three-color hybrids.

Many growers love this plant for its early flowering, which falls in April-May, when other plants are still growing.

Types and varieties

With the help of selection, numerous varieties of pansies have been bred, which are distinguished by their growth characteristics, resistance to adverse climatic conditions, diseases, and also have various shades of petals. There are more than 400 varieties of this plant, divided into groups depending on the size of the flower.

Small-flowered

The diameter of one flower in these species does not exceed 6 centimeters.

Hemalis winter... This is a collective name for numerous varieties of pansies that are distinguished by early and very long flowering. They are frost resistant and compact, which will allow you to grow them even on the balcony. The most famous varieties of Hemalis: Nordpol (white flowers), Helios (bright yellow), Mars (deep blue), Jupiter (white-red petals);

Helios

F1 wagon... This group includes 10 varieties, distinguished by small bushes and abundant flowering;
Rococo... This variety is characterized by ruffled purple petals;
Flamenco F1... A variety that does not tolerate frost, but has a unique color - a spreading yellow spot in the center of a red-orange petal.

Mid-flowered

These varieties have a diameter of flowers from 6 to 7.5 centimeters.

Trimardo... One of the oldest types of pansies. They have a spreading bush and abundant flowering. The flower shape is classic, the color depends on the variety. For example, Adonis (light blue petals), Cardinal (dark red), Morenkenig (black);

Adonis

Swiss giant... The advantage of this species is the early onset of flowering and unique resistance to frost. The most famous varieties of this type are Firneshnee (white petals), Flamme (orange-red), Bergwacht (purple-blue).
Joker F2... The petals of this hybrid species are painted in two or three very bright colors. 7 varieties have been bred, the most famous of them is Jolly Joker;
Veseler Ice F1... This species is represented by 8 varieties of various colors;
Quedlinburger Riesen... A fairly common type of pansies in Europe. Possesses abundant early flowering, but weak resistance to low temperatures.

Large-flowered

The diameter of these species of pansies reaches 8.5 centimeters.

Crown F1... This species has large flowers with small bushes. Great for decorating flower beds. There are 9 varieties;

Crown F1

Power F1... The petals of plants of this species have bright colors and long flowering. The most common are 13 varieties;
Shalon Supreme... The species is represented by only 5 varieties, the peculiarity of which is corrugated petals of various shades of purple;
Dynamite... One of the most interesting series of violas. 13 varieties have one-color petals with a large spot of contrasting color; 10 varieties are completely monochromatic. The most unusual variety of this species is Strawberry, the flower petals of this hybrid change color depending on the air temperature.

Giant viola

Varieties of this type have flowers with a diameter of 8.5 centimeters.

Super Majestic Giants F1. This type of pansies is represented by 8 varieties with a long flowering period. The diameter of the flowers reaches 11 centimeters with a relatively small size of the bush. The color of the petals is presented in a wide range from beige to purple;
Magnum F1... The newest species in the series with early flowering. 12 varieties have been bred.

These are not all types and varieties of viols. With the help of breeding methods, new hybrids are regularly developed with unusual color and flowering characteristics.

Features of growing from seeds

Pansies are not difficult to grow, so they are great even for novice gardeners. There are two methods by which you can grow flowers - planting seeds or cuttings. Planting seeds should take into account the climate conditions as well as the planned flowering time. Sowing is often done in the summer of the previous farming season. In an unfavorable climate, it is permissible to start planting at the end of July. In regions with frequent frosts and cold summers, it is best to choose the most frost-resistant plant varieties.

Seeds

If you plant seeds only in early summer, there is a chance that the pansies will bloom only at the end of autumn, which increases the risk of freezing of plants. As a rule, bushes that did not bloom until the fall are better able to withstand the cold and bloom profusely the next year.

Planting seeds is best in sunny and light areas in moderately moist soil. Viols do not tolerate shade and stagnant water in the ground. In addition, it is desirable to plant the plants in the place where there were already viols, as a rule, this has a beneficial effect on the appearance of the plants. Seeds, pre-soaked, are planted with a short period, depending on the desired density of bushes. Sprouts appear two weeks after sowing. But to speed up the growth of plants, you can cover the area with flowers with plastic wrap to create a greenhouse effect. Caring for them is not difficult - you only need regular watering and loosening of the soil. Also, to stimulate the growth of green mass, you can feed the flowers with a weak urea solution.

Some gardeners plant pre-grown seedlings in prepared soil. This method reduces the risk of plant death while still in seed state and is excellent for regions with unfavorable climatic conditions.

Flowering care

During flowering, plants need special care, they need constant watering, loosening the soil, and getting rid of weeds. This improves the quality of the flowers and prolongs the flowering time.

immediately after planting, regular loosening of the soil and daily moderate watering is necessary;
For active plant growth and successful formation of ovaries, it is important to feed pansies. Complex mineral additives can be used as fertilizer, but the use of organic fertilizers is prohibited. Read more about the types and features of the application of mineral fertilizers here;

Mineral fertilizers

during the flowering period, it is necessary to remove faded buds in time to allow new ones to grow. Plus, this technique allows you to avoid fruiting, which will lead to the cessation of flowering;
when growing spring varieties of viola, after flowering, they need to be dug out, after which summer species can be planted.

Growing as an annual crop

Pansies are often used as annual flowers. To do this, the seeds must be planted in containers that are covered with transparent plastic wrap. Starting from April, you can transplant seedlings into a greenhouse or greenhouse, after a month the plants are completely ready for planting in an open, sunny place. In warm regions, planting of plants is permissible already from the beginning of spring, this will allow flowering to be achieved by mid-June. Typically, viols begin to bloom 2 months after planting.

Annual flowers are distinguished by a smaller diameter of petals and a small size of bushes. Therefore, this type of cultivation is not suitable for the formation of a large flowering lawn.

Cuttings

Many pansy hybrids can be grown by cuttings. This method allows you to preserve and improve all species characteristics of an individual.

Cuttings

Shoots with multiple ovaries are harvested from early May to late July. Then they are planted in prepared soil;
Planting cuttings is desirable in well-tamped beds with high density. In this case, it is important to monitor the depth of disembarkation, it should not exceed a few centimeters. Up to 400 plants can be planted per square meter;
After the cuttings are in the ground, the soil must be moistened with a spray bottle or a small watering can and a complex fertilizer must be applied;
For better color adaptation, cover the area with damp paper or a glass jar. This will save the plants from adverse external conditions. Further care is the same as for seed planting.

With the help of cuttings, perennial plants can be rejuvenated, which lose their qualities and grow strongly over the entire area. More than 10 new plants can be obtained from one pansy bush.

Diseases and pests

While pansies are known for their resistance to disease and pests, there are a number of challenges that gardeners can face.

Among the diseases, the following are most common:

rot- infect the stem and roots of the plant, causing blackening of the surface and wilting. With a small lesion, you can remove the infected areas of the plant, and with a significant infection, the use of fungicides is necessary;

Rot

Only regular preventive treatment and adherence to growing conditions will help to avoid the appearance of pests and diseases. Often, the appearance of a disease on one plant can lead to the death of the entire planting.

Pests are no less dangerous for viols. They tend to appear in humid climates as well as on older plants with frequent planting.

Aphid... These are very small insects that live in large colonies. They affect the entire surface of the plant, most often the stem, and feed on its juices. As a result, the flower dies or weakens significantly. You can get rid of aphids with insecticides;
Root gall nematodes... This is a type of worm that appears in the roots of pansies. Having settled inside the root system, they eat it from the inside. As a result, galls or swellings form on the roots, due to which the plant quickly dies. To cope with the problem is possible only with the help of insecticides. As a rule, plants need to be treated twice, since the chemicals do not affect the eggs of the nematodes;
garden slugs... Pests eat the weight of the aerial parts of the plant. They affect not only pansies, but also other flowers on the site. To get rid of slugs, you can use soil mulching or make special baits.

For an illustrative example of growing pansies from seeds, see the video

Conclusion

Pansies or viola are adorable flowers that will decorate any home garden. They have numerous colors and petal sizes, which allows you to create whole flower paintings in your garden. Plus, these are perennial plants that, with proper care, will delight you for a single year. Read more about the varieties and cultivation of garden viola here.

Domesticated varieties, of which there are more than 250, the larger ones reach a height of up to 30 cm. Large bright flowers invariably attract attention. The plant does not require complex care.

There are annual, biennial, perennial pansy flowers. A variety of colors allows you to create a flower bed for every taste.

Features of care for pansies

In order for a lush, long flowering to please the eye, the following care features must be taken into account:

a sunny place that is illuminated and warmed up by gentle rays for at least 6 hours a day is the best choice for the growth of this flower;
watering is carried out weekly, shifting the humidification schedule depending on the current weather conditions;
feeding is carried out at the same frequency as watering, since the plant requires strength for an active set of buds, long flowering;
the flower is highly resistant to cold, therefore it is able to survive even with slight frosts;
it is worth waiting for flowering only in the 2nd year, since in the 1st year the plant is only gaining green mass.

Growing pansies

Pansies are an unpretentious plant, but planting and care require attention, adherence to some rules.

Planting pansies

Features of caring for adult plants

Planting and caring for pansies is not particularly difficult, but for the well-being of the plant, you must follow some recommendations:

the soil for flowers should be soft, fertilized, and regularly loosened;
the plant is provided with frequent feeding and watering, while the soil must have time to dry out, since root rot may occur;
it is better to shade the plant from direct sunlight, since heat slows down the development of buds, reduces the intensity and duration of flowering;
the place of growth provides aired, does not allow stagnation of water, the formation of an earthen crust;
it is necessary to form a bush - to pinch insufficiently strong shoots;
wilted flowers are removed in a timely manner to prevent seed formation and prolong abundant flowering;
dried specimens need to be cut off, and the bushes need to be fertilized;
from the moment of a steady drop in air temperature, the plant is prepared for wintering: feeding is stopped, cut off, covered with insulation (sawdust, peat).

Pansy diseases

Pansies are often susceptible to disease. The plant should be protected from diseases and pests. The main ones are called:

powdery mildew;
bacterial spotting;
gray rot.

Aphids and slugs hold the palm among pansy-loving pests.

Photo of pansies

The cultivation of flowers with this poetic name is widespread in our gardens, both in flower beds and in flower pots and containers.

Pansies (another name - viola) in ancient times were credited with a magical property - to bewitch love. It was believed that one has only to splash the juice of this plant on the eyelids of a sleeping person, then wait for his awakening and the one whom he sees first and becomes the object of his adoration.

They are perennials and are often grown as biennials or annuals.

Together with other annuals, such as purslane or nasturtium, they perfectly decorate any garden, terrace, balcony.

Perennials or annuals?

Pansies can be grown as annuals and perennials. It all depends on the climatic conditions in which the plants are grown and the labor that you are willing to put in.
These flowers are quite frost-hardy, but even in central Russia they are not always able to survive the cold winter. Particularly vulnerable are plants that were planted late, did not grow a lot and left weakened before winter.

Viola does not tolerate wintering well in winters with little snow; spring thaws with subsequent night frosts are especially dangerous for flowers.

In order for the viola not to freeze, it is necessary to avoid low damp places for planting, cover the flowers with covering material for the winter, and in winter carry out snow retention in a flower bed with pansies.

In order for the viola to bloom earlier, it is better to close the flower bed with foil in early spring.

Viola varieties

Numerous varieties of these flowers are hybrids of several types of violets. All varieties are widely used in floriculture to create borders, flowering carpets, flower beds, flower beds, as well as to decorate windows and balconies.

Pansies have an incredible variety of colors and colors, the most popular is the tricolor viola - the top of the petals is purple, the middle petals are yellow and the lower petals are light yellow or white.

Landing conditions

Pansies are thermophilic plants. They should be grown in sunny or slightly shaded areas. In partial shade, their flowers become small, the plant itself grows for a long time.

But in a sunny place, the plant has large, bright flowers. Plants do not tolerate lowlands and damp places, spring stagnation of water rather poorly. Loamy, fertile, moist, neutral soils are suitable for pansies.

Growing methods

You can grow these flowers from seeds, planting them directly in open ground, or grow seedlings from seeds.

except Moreover, it is possible that pansies can grow by self-seeding in the spring in the place where they were planted last year.

At the same time, it is possible to prepare seeds of exactly those varieties of flowers and colors that you like. The seeds are very small - there are almost a thousand seeds in one gram.

Growing from seeds in the open field

Seeds are planted in open ground in June - July, and pansies will not bloom this year. The flowers will bloom profusely next year in early spring.

Growing seedlings

When the sprouts appear, we transfer them to the windowsill, make sure not to steam under the film or glass. Next, we act in the same way as with sprouts in the open field - we dive and then transplant them into separate cups.

At the end of April, you need to harden - take the seedlings out into the street or balcony. In open ground, seedlings are planted depending on the weather in April - early May, and in a month the viola will delight you with abundant flowering.

Propagation by cuttings

Pansies, along with seeds, are also propagated by green cuttings.
When the bushes have been growing for more than two years, they can grow strongly, flowering becomes less abundant.

In order to rejuvenate the plant and propagate it, cuttings are used.

Plant care. For the winter, plants are mulched. Standard care: weeding, watering, loosening, top dressing. For long-term flowering, faded flowers are removed.

Bloom

Flowering begins in April and continues until the onset of frost.

Because of the love of the sun, pansies on the sunny side are always larger and brighter in color, but they will fade faster.

Watering. Water at the root, abundantly and regularly.
Fertilizers, top dressing. These flowers love fertilizers containing potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen, and trace elements. The first feeding is carried out at the beginning of butanization.
Diseases, pests. The plant is affected by the following diseases and pests: powdery mildew, leaf spot, rootworm nematode, black leg, aphid.

Growing in areas with a cold climate requires one important procedure - the plants should be dug up for the winter, transferred to a greenhouse. For other regions, it is quite enough to cover the plants well with sawdust, covering material. Pansies can be combined with other biennials and perennials such as mignonette.

Good luck, gardeners to you!

svetok-v-podarok.ru

Quote post by Tatiana201 Pansies are blooming and sparkling and I believe, I believe in the miracle of spring!

Pansies, the cultivation of flowers with this poetic name is widespread in our gardens. Pansies (another name - viola) in ancient times were credited with a magical property - to bewitch love.

It was believed that one has only to splash the juice of this plant on the eyelids of a sleeping person, then wait for his awakening and the one whom he sees first and becomes the object of his adoration.
The French and Poles usually present these flowers to their loved ones during the upcoming long separation.

These flowers are perennials and are often grown as biennials or annuals. Together with other annuals, such as purslane or nasturtium, they perfectly decorate any garden, terrace, balcony.

Perennials or annuals?
Pansies can be grown as annuals and perennials. It all depends on the climatic conditions in which the flowers are grown and the labor that you are willing to put in. These flowers are quite frost-hardy, but even in central Russia they are not always able to survive the cold winter. Particularly vulnerable are plants that were planted late, did not grow a lot and left weakened before winter.

Viola does not tolerate wintering well in winters with little snow, spring thaws with subsequent night frosts are especially dangerous for flowers.

In order for the viola not to freeze, it is necessary to avoid low damp places for planting, cover the flowers with covering material for the winter, and in winter carry out snow retention in a flower bed with pansies. In order for the flowers to bloom earlier, it is better to close the flower bed with foil in early spring.

Growing an annual viola is a more predictable process.

Viola varieties
Numerous varieties of these flowers are hybrids of several types of violets. All varieties are widely used in floriculture to create borders, flowering carpets, flower beds, flower beds, as well as to decorate windows and balconies.
Viola can be compact or spreading bushes.

Viols are widespread throughout the world. The most common groups among our florists are as follows:
- Erfurt early,
- himalis winter,
- Swiss large-flowered (Roggli),
- Trimardo blooming profusely.

Landing conditions
Pansies are heat-loving plants. They should be grown in sunny or slightly shaded areas. In partial shade, their flowers become small, the plant itself grows for a long time. But in a sunny place, the plant has large, bright flowers. Plants do not tolerate lowlands and damp places, spring stagnation of water rather poorly. Loamy, fertile, moist, neutral soils are suitable for pansies.

Growing methods
You can grow these flowers from seeds, planting them directly in open ground, or grow seedlings from seeds. In addition, it is possible to self-sow pansies in spring in the place where they were planted last year.

At the same time, the flowers are pollinated, their species differences are lost, the color and size of the flower change.
These flowers are cross-pollinated plants, when planting, different varieties must be planted at a distance from each other in order to maintain the purity of the variety.

To collect seeds from your flowers at the dacha, you need to select strong specimens, wait for the seed pods to turn yellow and collect the seeds before the pods crack and the seeds spill out onto the ground.

At the same time, it is possible to prepare seeds of exactly those varieties of flowers and colors that you like. The seeds are very small - there are almost a thousand seeds in one gram.

Growing from seeds in the open field
Seeds are planted in open ground in June - July, and pansies will not bloom this year. The flowers will bloom profusely next year in early spring.

The seeds are sown in rows in a nursery - a special bed with well-prepared soil. After the emergence of shoots, they dive, that is, they are transplanted with pinching of the central root by one third for better root formation.

It is done in the presence of two true leaves and transplanted to a permanent place within 25 by 25 centimeters. The plant should develop well over the summer, but not bloom.

Growing seedlings
Seeds are sown in early March in shallow containers with a drainage hole. The soil for seedlings is shed with potassium permanganate per day. The seeds are laid out, moistened with a sprayer, covered with glass, or the boxes with seedlings are placed in a plastic bag and placed in a warm, dark place.

Propagation by cuttings
In addition to seeds, pansies are also propagated by green cuttings.
When the bushes have been growing for more than two years, they can grow strongly, flowering becomes less abundant. In order to rejuvenate the plant and propagate it, cuttings are used.

From May to July, in several stages, the most beautiful specimens are chosen, the buds are removed, the young end shoots with 2-3 nodes are cut off and planted tightly to each other in the shade in moist soil.

Cover with a jar or paper dipped in water. Cuttings grow well when planted under the crown of a tree. In the fall, after the cuttings have grown well, you can transplant them to your permanent place.

Plant care
For the winter, plants are mulched. Standard care: weeding, watering, loosening, top dressing. For long-term flowering, faded flowers are removed.

Bloom
Flowering begins in April and continues until the onset of frost. Because of the love of the sun, pansies on the sunny side are always larger and brighter in color, but they will fade faster.
Pansies, which are grown as biennial plants, are recommended to be cut.

Plants grown from summer crops in the previous year, or grown from cuttings, bloom more abundantly and have larger flower sizes than annual flowers.

Watering
Water at the root, abundantly and regularly.

Fertilizers, top dressing
These flowers love fertilizers containing potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen, and trace elements. The first feeding is carried out at the beginning of butanization.

Diseases, pests
The plant is affected by the following diseases and pests: powdery mildew, leaf spot, rootworm nematode, black leg, aphid.

Useful Tips
Growing in areas with a cold climate requires one important procedure - the plants should be dug up for the winter, transferred to a greenhouse. For other regions, it is quite enough to cover the plants well with sawdust, covering material. Pansies can be combined with other biennials and perennials such as mignonette.

Good luck, gardeners to you!

www.liveinternet.ru

Pansies are called stepmother in Germany.... This name was not invented by chance.

General description of the tricolor violet

The lowest petal is white or yellow. It is larger than the two upper blue-violet or deep purple side lobes and the two light purple side petals.

Is this plant annual or perennial?

Photo

Appearance

What does an annual or biennial terrestrial herb look like?

Root

By the pansies thin, rod-shaped, unbranched root of brown color... It penetrates into the ground almost vertically.

Stem

Leaves

The arrangement of the leaves is next... They are petiolate. They can be either naked or sparsely hairy along the veins. The lower leaves are broadly ovate. The petioles are long.

The number of stamens is five. They are pressed against the pistil. They are in contact with anthers with stamen filaments, which are short and barely noticeable. The flower has one pistil.

Seeds and fruits

One box can contain up to 3 thousand seeds with a total weight of 1.5 g. If you collect the seeds and organize proper storage, they will retain their germination for up to 2 years.

Medicinal properties

Expectorant.
Diuretic.
Anti-inflammatory.
Antibacterial and antimicrobial.
Antispasmodic.
Choleretic.
Diaphoretic.
Cleansing the blood.
Calming.
Relieves itching.
Healing wounds.

To cure a strong diathesis in a child, an infusion is prepared:

Take four parts of string and violets and one part bittersweet nightshade.
All components are mixed.
10 grams of herbal collection is poured with 250 ml of boiling water.
Two hours after infusion, the infusion is taken orally.

The dose is 15 ml, and the frequency of administration is 5 times a day. The infusion is added to the bath when washing the baby.

It is taken orally by women who have given birth, whose uterine bleeding does not stop. Decoctions and infusions will help patients with the following diagnoses: asthma, hernia, scrofula, arthritis.

What do they symbolize?

Pansies - a symbol of devotion, loyalty and wisdom... Since they are the first to bloom after the snow melts in the spring, they symbolize spring.

dacha.expert

Viola in the garden

In the spring, after the snow melts, surprisingly bright flowers bloom in the garden - pansies, their petals are painted in bright tones of blue, yellow, purple, burgundy. A characteristic feature of the viola is the contrasting pattern in the form of spots and spurs on the petals, which gives the plant an extraordinary charm.

The first information about growing viola in the garden dates back to the 16th century AD, when the first attempts to create new varieties of pansies were made.

Are pansy annuals or perennials? Answering this question, it should be noted that cultivars are mainly biennials, there is a very small percentage of perennial varieties, there are annual plants among pansies. In total, the Viola genus has up to 500 amazing and diverse plants with bright petals.

Most of the hybrid varieties with large flowers and abundant flowering are biennial plants in which a bush forms in the first year, and after wintering in early spring, charming flowers appear.

Flower farms are trying to realize seedlings of pansies in the spring during the period of violent flowering, but when acquiring such plants, it should be remembered that by July your flower beds and boxes will be empty, because after flowering seeds appear on the bushes, after which the two-year-old viola dies.

Agricultural technology of cultivation

Pansies are a short flower, rarely a year the height of the bush exceeds 25-30 cm. The flower bush has a compact shape, therefore it is often grown in balcony boxes and pots. Growing in the open field has some features that are worth talking about in more detail.

Landing: prerequisites

Pansies, or viola, when planted outdoors, require a light location, but plants can adapt to light shade. Direct sunlight has a depressing effect on the plant, so viola grown on the south side can complete flowering faster.

The soil for the culture is prepared in advance, the soil should easily let water through, be fertile - in poor soil, the flowers of the viola become smaller and become faded.

Flowering viols do not tolerate acidic soils and stagnant water at the roots, therefore, in areas with a high groundwater level, reliable drainage should be made, and only after that young plants should be planted.

Due to the low bush, the viola does not react to the wind, from which taller neighbors protect it.

It is allowed to sow pansies in open ground and plant seedlings.

Watering

Pansies cannot look healthy if irrigated. Plants require abundant regular watering, which is especially important in the hot season. To preserve moisture in the soil, planting pansies should be mulched with colored bark or pebbles, which will increase the decorative effect of the bushes during flowering.

Watering flower beds with pansies is necessary only if the topsoil has dried up significantly, because an excess of moisture leads to decay of the plant root system.

Top dressing

After planting the seedlings of pansies in a permanent place, you can begin to make nutritious dressings, starting from 10 days after planting the bushes in the ground.

The frequency of dressing is 1 time per 10 days. Attention! The culture does not tolerate fertilization with fresh manure, which is applied directly under the root of the plants. You can alternate the infusion of poultry droppings with nitrofoskoy or fertilizer "Kemira" for flower crops. Top dressing carried out on time has a positive effect on plants - viola flowers acquire huge sizes and bright colors.

Sowing seeds

Pansies are propagated by seeds, with the practice of sowing seeds directly into the ground, as well as growing seedlings.

With the seed method of growing a crop, it is allowed to sow seeds in a prepared bed from spring to mid-summer. The earlier the sowing is carried out, the more likely it is that the first flowers will appear on the bushes by the end of this summer.

Viola seeds are sown in well-dug, fertilized soil after the threat of spring frosts has passed. Seeds are laid out in shallow furrows (up to 1 cm) or in separate holes. After sowing the seeds, it is necessary to thoroughly and carefully moisten the soil, making sure that the seeds are not washed to the surface.

Seedlings appear in 7-10 days, the seedlings begin to grow rapidly, forming lush bushes. In phase 3-4 of a true leaf, young plants dive if the seedlings are too thickened. Over the summer, the seedlings will grow a strong bush, which may not produce a single flower until autumn. In winter, a flowerbed with pansies should be mulched so that the plants do not freeze. In especially harsh winters, a more powerful shelter is erected over the garden bed.

In spring, young plants bloom very early, as soon as the steg melts. Flowering continues until June, after which the plant begins to form capsules with seeds, the flowers become smaller, appear less and less often.

In July, the seed pods of the pansies turn brown, open, shooting small brown seeds in all directions. The next year, new plants can sprout from these seeds by self-sowing in the most remote corners of the garden.

Seedling pansies

If you need two-year-old varieties of pansies to bloom this year, you can grow seedlings from seeds. Seeds for seedlings are sown in February in small containers with low sides. Usually fresh seeds have a high germination rate; by the end of the week, there is a massive pecking of young plants.

The most important thing during this period is uniform moistening of crops so that the seedlings receive plenty of moisture. Excessive waterlogging is fraught with rotting of weak roots of seedlings, therefore it is necessary to find a middle ground when watering.

The grown viola seedlings must be planted, for which the picking of young plants is carried out. A flower peat pot is the most successful version of a container for planting seedlings, because when transplanted into open ground, the root system of plants will no longer be disturbed.

Seedlings are planted in the ground in May, and the first flowers on the largest bushes will appear in August. You should not wait in the first year of the exuberant flowering of two-year-old viols, the lush flowers of the plants will be presented next spring.

Varieties and varieties

Tricolor viola (Viola tricolor) - represents wild species that bloom on small bushes, up to 16 cm high, from spring to autumn. Flowers are painted in blue-violet colors, there are varieties with white and yellow flowers. In nature, the plant loves to settle in meadow wastelands, forest edges and near ravines.

Horned Viola (Viola cornuta) - refers to perennial plants that require reliable shelter in winter. Flowers are brightly colored from white to all shades of purple purple. Large flowers reach 6 cm in diameter.

Viola Wittrockiana are garden hybrids that are most popular when grown in the garden. The plant is quite tall - the bush reaches a height of up to 30 cm.The bright flowers have contrasting spots and stains on the petals, up to 10 cm in diameter.

Viola Williams (Viola williamsii) is a tall hybrid, the height of the bushes can reach 32 cm. The flowers are medium-sized, do not exceed 4 cm in diameter. The difference between this species is the absence of a contrasting mask on bright flower petals.

tsvetydoma.ru

What is the correct name of the flower

Very often there is confusion with the name of this plant. Some call it violet, others call it viola, and still others call it pansies.

Violet is a genus of plants from the violet family (Violaceae). Viola is the Latin name for violets. Perennial pansies (or tricolor violet) are a species of plants from the genus of violets.

Viola (or violet) is often a one-, two- or perennial herb, less often a shrub. Plant height 15-30 cm.

A bit of history

Viola, whose flowers are one of the oldest garden plants, has been known to botanists since the 16th century. Even in ancient Greece and Rome, people used to decorate rooms with them during the holidays. But they began to cultivate it only two centuries later. The first to do this was F. Miller, the famous English florist.

In Russia, the violet appeared at the end of the 18th century, thanks to the famous botanist P.S.Pallas, who studied the flora of Altai. It was he who brought to St. Petersburg a violet, which is now called Altai.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the well-known pansies appeared in Europe - Wittrock's hybrid violets. They combined the beauty of three types of violets: Altai, yellow and tricolor.

Planting by seeds

In what ways is viola grown? Flowers, growing from seeds of which is the simplest and cheapest method, can also be planted by sowing in open ground or by cuttings.

Growing from seed - This method can grow enough plants for the garden or balcony. In addition, it is beneficial - seeds are much cheaper than ready-made seedlings. To improve the germination of viola seeds before planting, it is advisable to soak for a day in a solution of special preparations (for example, zircon).

Any variety of perennial and biennial viols can be grown according to one of 3 patterns:

Sowing seeds in open ground in the fall - flowering the next year. In August-September, seeds are sown in the ground. Before the snow, the plants have time to ascend and develop powerful roots. Viola, planting and caring for which is very simple, blooms the next year after sowing. Flowering lasts from April until frost.
Sowing seeds in early spring for seedlings - flowering in the year of planting. It is believed that with this method, the viola begins to bloom in the second year. In fact, flowering can begin as early as the first summer after planting. To do this, sow seeds in an earlier period - from late February to early March. It is advisable to use additional light. The resulting seedlings bloom in May-June. If you create suitable conditions for the viola (she does not like direct sun and heat), then it will bloom all summer, and will bloom again next spring. Seedlings grown in spring are then planted in open soil or onto a balcony.
Sowing seeds in summer. From late May to early June, you can sow seeds directly into the ground. Viola begins to bloom in August-September. The snow covers the plants already with flowers. Viola bloom again in early spring.

Germination of seeds

The germination period of seeds depends on the variety. Usually sprouts appear on the fifth or tenth day. Reasons for delayed germination:

old seeds;
a thick layer of soil over the seeds;
heavy and dense soil with which the seeds are sprinkled.

The emerging seedlings are exposed to light. Moreover, even direct sunlight in spring is not dangerous for plants.

Sowing and growing seedlings

For sowing, select any suitable containers: special cassettes for seedlings, small flower pots, food containers, etc. It is very important to choose a suitable soil - it must be loose. You can buy special soil for violets or prepare yourself.

The containers are filled with soil and sowing begins. It can be produced in different ways:

The seeds are buried in the ground. Depressions (up to 0.6 cm) are formed in the soil 1 cm apart. In the resulting grooves, the seeds are spread every 1-2 cm. Sprinkle the seeds with earth. The plantings are spilled or sprayed with water. To create a humid microclimate in seedling containers, they are covered with foil or glass. To prevent mold from appearing, the film is opened twice a day for about 10 minutes. They put a "greenhouse" with seeds in a warm place (20-25 ° C). Illumination does not matter.
Seeds are sown in the ground superficially. The soil is abundantly shed or sprayed with water, preferably warm (30-35 ° C). The seeds are laid out in depressions every 1-2 cm. The container with seeds is covered with foil or glass. The ground is regularly ventilated. Place the container with seeds in a warm place and cover it with some material (for example, a sheet of cardboard).
Seeds are lightly sprinkled. First, the seeds are sown superficially (as in the second option). Then lightly sprinkle on top (1-2 mm) with earth or sand. Spill or spray the plantings with warm water. The containers are covered with foil or glass and regularly ventilated. Place the seedling container in a warm place. Illumination does not matter.

Proper care of viola seedlings

After the emergence of seedlings, it is not recommended to immediately remove the film from the container - you need to let the seedlings grow stronger. It is best to gradually lengthen the airing time over the course of a week.

Viola seedlings are quite resistant to temperatures of 5-10 ° C, therefore, before the appearance of real leaves of the container (already without film), they can be taken out to the balcony for hardening.

Seedlings need proper and regular watering. The topsoil should never be dry, but there is no need to fill the seedlings.

When the sprouts have 1-2 true leaves, they are dived into separate containers. Usually, by this time, the sprouts have a strongly extended central stem to the cotyledons. When picking, the sprouts can be buried in the ground up to the cotyledons - they will be more stable, with powerful roots.

In order for the seedlings to bush better, at the stage of two or three pairs of real leaves, the sprouts are pinched.

When the weather is warm and the threat of frost has passed, they begin to plant seedlings in a permanent place - on the balcony (March) or in open ground (May-June).

When planting seedlings in the ground, they maintain an interval of 10-15 cm. If the seedlings are planted in boxes or pots, then the following ratio is observed: 1-2 liters of soil per plant.

Viola: planting and care in the open field

Many people consider growing seedlings quite troublesome, so they prefer to sow seeds directly into open ground. When sown in late May - early June, the viola will start blooming in August - September. If viola is sown in August, flowering will begin in early spring the following year.

When sowing, the seeds are laid out in small depressions (up to 0.6 mm), observing an interval of 10-15 cm. After that, the soil is abundantly shed and sprouting is expected.

The pinching is done at the stage of two or three true leaves. In the future, caring for the plants consists in regular and sufficient watering and feeding.

When planting seedlings or sowing seeds, the choice of location is of great importance. Viols grow and bloom best in bright, sunny places, but shaded from the bright midday sun. In the garden, this can be a place under trees with a not very dense crown, and on the balcony - the west or east side.

The type of soil is of no less importance. Viola, whose planting and care in the open field is discussed above, prefers well-moistened, drained and fertile soils.

Propagation by cuttings

Cuttings can be carried out at different times. With early cuttings in the period from May to July, take the tops of green shoots, which have 2-3 nodes. Most cuttings take root after 3-4 weeks. Plants from these cuttings begin to bloom in summer or early fall. If the cuttings were made later than July, then the viola begins to bloom in the spring of next year.

This method is more suitable for greenhouses than gardens. It is usually used for breeding elite varieties.

Care

In order for the viola, the planting and care of which the schoolchild will also master, to grow normally and bloom profusely, the soil must be constantly moist and loose. Therefore, regular watering and loosening of the soil is so important. Removing wilted flowers promotes long-lasting flowering.

Viola requires regular fertilizing with mineral fertilizers with NPK complex. Seedlings are fertilized once every 10 days, and adult plants - once a month.

Harmful weeds should be removed regularly. For the winter, the plants are covered with spruce branches, fallen leaves or straw.

Viola types

Viola currently numbers about 500 species. The flower, the varieties of which are so diverse, amazes the imagination of even connoisseurs.

There are several types that are considered the most popular among gardeners:

Viola tricolor (V. tricolor). Biennial or annual plant. Height 10-20 cm. In the open field, this viola blooms from May to September, and it looks most decorative in the second year of flowering.
Viola Wittrok (V. wittrokiána). It is usually considered a biennial or annual, but it can also be grown as a perennial when dividing annually. Height 15-30 cm. This is a highly branched plant. Large flowers have a diameter of 4-10 cm. Flowers of the most varied colors, while it can be monochromatic or spotted. Depending on the time of sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the ground, viola can bloom in summer or autumn. Viola varieties of Vittrock are conventionally divided into several groups according to a number of common characteristics: "trimardo", "Hemalis-winter", "Schweizer rizen", "Swiss large-flowered", etc. For example, varieties from the "Pirnaer" group are distinguished by early flowering.
Viola Altai (V. altaica). Ornamental perennial plant. Height up to 20 cm. Frost resistant. It can bloom twice a season: from mid-spring to mid-summer and from August to the first frost.
viola yellow (V. lutea). The most unpretentious of all violets. Height 8-15 cm. Viola got its name for the bright lemon-yellow color of flowers. Blooms from May to July.
Fragrant viola (V. odorata). Herbaceous perennial plant with small flowers (diameter about 2 cm). Since the second half of summer, the viola grows a large number of easily rooting shoots, which form a dense cover on the soil. The flowers are dark blue in color and have a pleasant delicate scent. Viola fragrant can bloom for a whole month.

With its incredible beauty and variety of shapes and colors, the viola, planting and caring for which are discussed above, inspires the creativity of breeders, landscape designers, florists, artists.

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Description of common species and varieties

The plant has several names. Violet (Violaceae) belongs to the genus of plants in the violet family. Viola (Viola) is called a flower in Latin. Pansies, or tricolor violet, is a perennial plant, the species of which belongs to the genus violet.

The viola flower is found in nature as an annual and perennial plant. Viola can be found in the form of a small shrub, but rarely. On average, the plant grows from 15 to 30 cm in height.

Viola became famous in Russia at the end of the 18th century. She was brought to St. Petersburg from Altai and later received the name Altai violet... The most famous and popular types and varieties of flowers:

Violet Altai, tricolor and horned.
Viola Vittroca is white, red, pink and many others.
Violet fragrant odorat ("pleasantly fragrant" in translation from Greek) and spotted, ampelous viola.

At the beginning of the nineteenth century, this plant was widely studied, and the famous Swedish botanist Veit Wittrock bred the most popular, new hybrid species of violets by crossing three colors: violets yellow, tricolor and Altai. This hybrid plant species was named the violet wittrock and currently has several hundred varieties.

The hybrid is a dense, branched bush, reaching a height of 30 cm. The flowers grow large, up to 11 cm. They are irregular in shape and have many different shades. There are almost no monochromatic petals in this species. Many varieties of viola are combined in a series for easy classification:

Swiss giants are large-flowered species with a flower 7 cm in diameter. The plant is not tall, 25 cm. It blooms until the first frost.
Rococo - the flowers of the plant have a corrugated edge, they are of unusual lilac, orange, lilac shades. Cultivated as an annual and biennial crop. When grown from seed by sowing in open ground for the next year, it blooms from May to October.
Bambini is a plant with an average height of 20 cm. Differs in color and the obligatory presence of a white or beige "butterfly" in the center of the flower.

perennial... It got its name from the presence of a spur on the back of the flower, similar to a horn. The bush is low, up to 25 cm. The flowers are medium-sized, 4-5 cm. The petals of the plant are painted in bright lemon, purple, lilac and sky-blue colors. The horned viola is distinguished by darkening or lightening in the center of the petals.

Horned violet perennial - unpretentious plant... It firmly endures frost and is not afraid of snow cover, does not require additional shelter.

There are varieties that bloom three weeks after germination from winter dormancy.

The tricolor violet, or pansies, differ from other varieties in their colors - the famous tricolor. The upper petals are dark purple and the lower ones are bright yellow. Closer to the center of the flower on the petals dark stripes, and the edges of the petals have a velvety border.

Violet ampelous became widespread due to its shape. A plant with narrow leaves resembles a ball. There are a lot of flowers in ampelous varieties. The size of the flower does not exceed 4 cm, and they are usually painted in one color. Can be found ampel viola with variegated petals.

Bushy ampel violet grows up to half a meter. Shoots, when flowers appear, begin to hang down in a cascade. Flowering lasts until the first frost.

Features of planting and care

Before you start growing violets, you need to study it varietal characteristics and growing technique. Viola is a winter-hardy and shade-tolerant plant. However, you should pay attention to the choice of a place for a flower bed. Lack of sunlight will affect the flowering time. Hot open sunlight will speed up the flowering period and make it short. The peduncle with a bud will stretch out, and the size of the flower will become small. The best place to grow violets will be a place open to sunlight in the morning and evening and with shade in the daytime sun.

Violet needs protection from drafts. Planting a plant on an alpine slide will help you get an excellent result. The optimum temperature for growing flowers is 15 ° C.

For correct development, growth and reproduction of viola, it needs fertile soil. The flower grows well on loamy and sandy loam soil. In this case, the plant needs to provide good drainage. The absence of excess moisture will preserve the root system of the flower, which is located superficially in the violet, from damage by rot and disease. When arranging flower beds, the soil is dug up, sand and peat are added. The composition is thoroughly mixed.

Viola responds well to various types of fertilizers and dressings. A flower grower can use purchased mineral mixtures and feed... Organic fertilizers can be used. The only thing that viola does not tolerate is feeding with fresh manure. The plant dies.

Watering flowers requires periodic and moderate. The flower is able to withstand drought, but this will affect flowering, therefore it is necessary to water the flower bed as the top layer of the soil dries up.

Violet loves loosening, so it provides its root system with oxygen. It is not worth loosening deeply, the roots are easy to damage.

Viola growing methods

There are several ways to grow a Vittrock Viola:

Seeds.
Seedlings.
By bush division.

The choice of a method for propagating flowers depends on the goals of the grower and the final result that he will receive. Flowers grown in annual culture bloom in the middle of summer in the year of planting, but this method is carried out using seedlings. The desire of the grower to admire the flowering from May to October is feasible if the seeds are sown in the summer. In this case, the violet will bloom next year. An existing violet bush can be propagated even by flowering ones. At the same time, the plant will calmly survive the division and will not suffer, continuing grow and bloom.

Seed reproduction method

To cultivate a plant, you can purchase seeds from a specialty store or use the seeds of flowers that have grown on the site before. Pay attention to the expiration dates of the seeds. If seedlings do not appear within 10 days, then you shouldn't wait for them... Germination time depends on the variety. When purchasing seeds, pay attention to this. The manufacturer must indicate the germination time for a particular variety.

Before planting seeds, if desired, they should be pre-prepare... The seeds are soaked in a stimulant solution for 24 hours. You can apply root, zircon or epin. The decision on which drug to prefer is taken by the florist on his own. Seed germination is low, so a large number of seeds should be planted. Approximately 50-60 pieces per garden bed half a meter.

You can plant seeds from May to early June. In this case, the plant will bloom at the end of August or September under good weather conditions. In winter, viola leaves with flowers. The next year, flowering begins in May.

The practice of planting seeds before winter is widespread, in August - early September. During this time, the plant sprouts, develops the root system well and leaves healthy during the dormant period. The violet will bloom next year.

Seeds are sown in prepared soil, while the seeding depth does not exceed 5 mm. A thicker layer of soil will prevent the seeds from germinating. The soil needs to be loose, light.

At first, the plant needs the sun's rays, so you should not shade the seedlings. Watering needs moderate. Try to keep the soil moist and prevent the soil from drying out.

Growing seedlings

The seedling method of growing is the most common among florists. You can get flowers that can grow outdoors by sowing seeds in February or March. Before planting seeds in seedling containers, it is recommended to stratify them by creating an artificial winter. In January, the seeds are placed in a cool place and kept until the period of their sowing in the ground.

A fertile loose substrate will help to grow seedlings of violets. You can buy soil for violets in the store, you can prepare it yourself by mixing garden soil with sand, peat and humus. Containers, seedling cassettes, peat cups are filled with soil, the choice depends on the individual preferences of the grower.

A shallow groove of 0.5 cm is made in a container, seeds are laid out on the surface (a distance of 1-2 cm from each other). The groove is lightly covered with earth. Water the containers with warm, settled water or spray with a spray bottle. The drawers are covered with foil and provide warmth. Lighting, while there are no shoots, does not matter. The containers are periodically ventilated. The emerging seedlings gradually accustom to the surrounding climate on the window. To do this, the opening time of the film is gradually increased, and over time it is removed completely.

Seedling care consists in timely watering. Do not allow the top layer of soil in the container to dry out. The amount of water should be such that the surface of the earth is moist and not wet. Do not fill the boxes, pour excess water out of the tray.

Plant picking is required as soon as two true leaves have grown. Small violets are planted in separate containers. The plant is deepened to the cotyledonous leaves.

Pinching the crown of the flower will provide good bushiness of the viola. It must be done when the flower grows six true leaves.

Seedlings are transplanted into open ground when stable warm temperatures are established. On the glazed balcony, the viola can be planted in containers and pots at the end of March. The volume of soil in the pots should be at the rate of 2 liters per one bush. Flowers are usually planted in a flowerbed with open ground in May or June. The distance between the bushes is 10-15 cm.

Reproduction by dividing the bush

It is recommended to divide the existing violet bush in spring or autumn. However, the reason for the division will be the formation of small flowers on the plant and their small number. The violet will survive division in the summer. The divided plant will continue its abundant flowering, and the flowers will recover in size.

As the plant grows, it forms shoots that take root in the ground. They should be separated from the mother bush and transplanted into a separate hole. Sometimes this method is the only one in viola reproduction. Some varieties and hybrids are not capable of producing seeds with maternal qualities.

Shoots with two or three buds are suitable for reproduction. It is not worth deepening them. The hole is made 1 cm deep. New bushes are watered. Rooting occurs in about a month, the young bush gives new leaves.

During the rooting period, the violet must be shaded and the top layer of the soil must not be allowed to dry out.

Watering and feeding rules

The main requirement for good growth and flowering of violets is timely watering. The root system of flowers develops in the soil at a depth of 15-20 cm, therefore, in dry summers, it should be watered more often, but only when the top layer dries up. Violet has enough natural moisture, which comes with precipitation.

Timely removal of faded buds will facilitate the development of new ones. So the grower will have flowering plants all season. Dry leaves should also be removed.

You can fertilize the bushes once a month. Purchase fertilizers for flowering plants with the least amount of nitrogen.

For the winter, the violet is covered with spruce branches or leaves.

The solution to the problem "Pansies: growing from seeds" should begin with a study of information on this issue. Following the recommendations of experienced flower growers will help to decorate a garden flower bed, vase, path, curb or balcony, get aesthetic pleasure and please with home colorful plants.

The ancestor of "anyutok" in the wild was the tricolor violet - a perennial plant common in Europe, Siberia, the Caucasus, and North America. In Russia it is known as Ivan da Marya and was used in folk medicine as a remedy for the treatment of furunculosis, diathesis, bronchitis. The first pansies, hybrids from crossing a tricolor violet with a horned one, were obtained in England. Swedish professor of botany Veit Wittrock has devoted many years to the study of this plant and wrote a book about it. In his honor, pansies received a second name - Vittrock's violet.

The plant loved by gardeners is a herbaceous, slightly spreading bush 15-35 cm high. The roots go 15-20 cm deep. Five flower petals are arranged in a fan; have a diameter of 5-6 to 11 cm, different colors and shades. A speck stands out in the center of the flower, this makes the flower look like an eye with a pupil. The fruit is a capsule with small seeds (width - about 1 mm).

Viola and the language of flowers

Flowers were brought to Russia at the beginning of the 18th century. Mini-bouquets served as an addition to the outfits of high society ladies. A garland of pansies adorned the hairstyle and belt of Anna Karenina's black ball gown. In the language of flowers, this meant the beginning of falling in love and thinking about one person. Flowers similar to butterflies quickly settled on ladies' hats and umbrellas.

Lilac-yellow pansies look at us from napkins, tablecloths and curtains, embroidered in the 50-60s of the last century.

Gardeners appreciated this fragile-looking, but unpretentious plant. Pansies have become popular in the design of city parks and home gardens. Their combination with early bulbous flowers is successful: viola replaces hyacinths and daffodils that have finished flowering.

Choosing a growing method

Pansies are perennial plants, but after the 2nd year, the flowers on the bushes become smaller, the buds are almost not formed. When grown for two years during the 1st year of life, a bush is formed, flowers appear in the next season. This period can be shifted to an earlier date, depending on the methods of growing the plant. The choice of breeding method for viola depends on climatic conditions and the preferred flowering period.

Table. Planting methods for pansies.

What is the method	pros	Minuses
Plant purchased ready-made seedlings in April - May	Will bloom soon after planting	Unknown variety and species
Sowing seeds in the ground in mid-May - June - July, in August they are transplanted to a permanent place	The seedlings have time to take root well before the cold weather, bloom early next spring	Only one season blooms
Sow seeds in late February-early March in a container	Two seasons will bloom	If a cold winter is expected, you need to cover

The best is to grow plants from seed with sowing at the end of winter in a container. In this case, you can admire the flowers for 2 seasons, even in the middle lane. For regions with cold winters, this method is also suitable, but the viola must be grown as an annual or very securely covered before the onset of cold weather. The most popular varieties of pansies are Dynamite, Freedom, Aurora, Strawberry with cream.

Growing pansies from seeds can be implemented in two ways:

sowing in containers - picking - transferring to the site;
sowing into soil - replanting to a permanent place.

Note! Seeds give good germination if they have been stored for no more than 2 years.

Pansy Seed Prices

pansy seeds

How to grow pansies from seeds in a container

To obtain viable seedlings on time, you need:

quality seeds;
tweezers (manicure);
container for sowing seeds;
priming;
glass or film;
lamp for additional illumination - LED lamp or phytolamp;
a room where the temperature is not higher than 23 ° C (best of all 18-20 ° C);
containers for picking (pots with a diameter of 10 cm or boxes, if there are a lot of seedlings);
capacity for settling water;
spray;
watering can with a capacity of about 1 liter.

Important! It is better to use an LED lamp: in its spectrum there are blue and red colors necessary for plants; they are economical and safe to operate.

Video - Pansies: profuse flowering in the year of planting

Sowing seeds in a container

To implement this stage, you need to do the following:

Select a container of suitable size. It depends on how many plants you plan to plant. The smallest can accommodate up to 15 violas. You can make a planting container by cutting out PET from a suitable bottle or can.
If you intend to use non-peat soil, make a hole in the bottom of the container and place it on a pallet.
Fill the container with soil: universal flower peat soil or composed of leafy, turf soil and compost, taken in equal amounts.
When using composite soil, a hole is made in the bottom.
The peat soil is thoroughly moistened with a spray bottle. For self-composed soil, flower growers recommend combining moisture with disinfection. For this, a 5% solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) of a saturated pink color is prepared and the soil is well moistened with it.
Sowing is carried out weeks after treatment with a solution of potassium permanganate - beneficial microorganisms should appear in the soil.

Important! The solution should not contain undissolved crystals of potassium permanganate.

Sowing seeds is done according to the principle:

seeds are taken by hand or with tweezers and laid out on the surface of the soil at a distance from each other;
the required number of seeds is counted, poured into a container and distributed in it with tweezers.

Seeds can be:

Press lightly with tweezers for good ground contact.
Sprinkle on top with a layer of soil. Note! In any case, the embedment depth should not exceed 1.5 cm.
Moisten again with a spray bottle.
Create a microclimate for future sprouts: close the container on top with the same one or place it in a plastic bag.

Prices for peat soil

peat soil

Sowing seeds in peat tablets

This method is becoming popular, as the process of picking plants is facilitated.

The sequence of actions is as follows:

tablets (for example, BT) are freed from cellophane packaging and tightly packed into a container, warm water is poured onto the bottom in portions;
when the tablets swell, collect the remaining moisture with an absorbent cloth or sponge;
place 1 seed in the recess in the center of the tablet, if there is no confidence in the quality of the seed, then two;
sprinkle the seeds with soil a little;
cover the container with a lid with cut ventilation holes;
put on a window with sufficient lighting.

Important! This method is preferably used by experienced florists. Growing seedlings in pills has many benefits, but requires attention and skill.

Peat tablets prices

peat tablets

Crop care

Crop care includes:

short-term ventilation since condensation begins to form on the walls of the container;
timely and moderate watering: do not fill or dry out;
temperature regime: 18-22 ° С, 25 is allowed;
if the window faces the south side, shade the crops;
care for flower shoots.

Creation of favorable conditions for sprouts

When sprouts appear, you should:

free the container from cellophane or lid;
watering with a spray gun as the soil dries up;
provide daylight hours 14-16 hours;
the temperature in the room should not exceed 15 ° C, so that the plants do not stretch;
prepare deep containers for a dive; there must be a hole in the bottom;
wait for the appearance of two real leaves - after about 2 weeks.

Seedling picking

It occurs around the beginning of April and includes the following stages:

if space permits, containers are prepared according to the number of sprouts, otherwise some of the sprouts can be transplanted into a box;
containers are filled with soil. It is desirable that this be the same type of soil in which the viola is to grow in the open air;
thoroughly water the soil in new containers and make a depression in it;
pour the soil from a watering can into a container with sprouts.
for better extraction of sprouts, you can use convenient objects: a spoon handle or a spatula;
if the seedlings are grown in peat pellets, the dive stage is not needed - the viola continues to grow until it is planted in open ground.

Note! Slight damage to the roots is not harmful to the plant. This will be a plus: it will launch the root system growth program.

The next month is devoted to such care for the seedlings, in which it will take root faster and continue to grow:

moderate watering;
hardening on the balcony or loggia in the daytime;
in the presence of 6 leaves, you can cut off the top - the plant will begin to bush better;
temperature regime 16-18 ºС.

Planting pansies in open ground

In early May, buds appear on the bushes. This is a sign that the viola can be sent to the flower bed. A possible drop in temperature, even slight frosts, will not harm the plants.

Preliminarily follows:

determine the place where flowers will grow - it should not be a lowland;
sufficient, but brightly lit place - partial shade or an area under trees with diffused sunlight is suitable;
make holes of sufficient depth at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other;
pour water into the holes, pour handfuls of vermicompost;
pull the plant out of the container, crushing it a little from the sides;
place the viola in the hole, sprinkle with earth, water.

Plant care during the summer

periodic watering as needed;
obligatory loosening after watering;
mulching the soil around the bush with sawdust;
control of weeds that weaken the plant;
timely removal of wilted flowers will stimulate the formation of new buds;
removal of reddened leaves, they will be if frost has occurred;
fertilizing with mineral fertilizers.

Note! If the plant is planted in a flower bed, it must be fed 1-2 times per season. When grown in decorative pots, every two weeks.

Mineral fertilizer prices

mineral fertilizers

Video - Pansies: care and reproduction

Growing pansies with seeds in the open field

Growing seedlings can be organized by sowing seeds directly into open ground. The crucial moment is to determine the sowing time. If sown too early, the violet will bloom without getting enough root mass. By winter, the plant will weaken and may not tolerate frost. With a late planting, the viola will not be able to root well enough and get stronger for wintering after a dive. The optimal time depends on the region - in the Leningrad region it is the second half of July, in the middle lane - the second half is the end of May.

To do this, perform the following work:

choose a well-drained place, in the lowland the violet will freeze out;
the best option is loamy or sandy loam soil with an acidity not higher than 8pH;
carefully prepare a place for future crops - dig up the beds, outline the rows;
sow seeds to a depth of 1 cm at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other;
lightly sprinkle with earth on top and mulch;
to form each variety in a separate row.

Seedlings will appear on the 10-14th day.

Crop care:

watering with a watering can, providing drip irrigation so as not to wash out the seeds;
loosening of row spacings.

After 2 weeks, the plants are planted in a permanent place, the distance between shoots and rows is 20 cm. In order for the viola to get stronger and take root well by winter, it should be ensured.

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