Types of plasters for interior decoration: choose the right one. Textured plaster: varieties and features of application Decorative plaster inside

Gone are the days when plaster was used exclusively for preparatory purposes when decorating walls in a house. Now this material is widely used for surface finishing. Thanks to its decorative properties, the interior can be given an original and unique look. Decorative plaster is often confused with liquid wallpaper. https://bioplast-russia.ru/. These materials are finishing, cellulose in the composition of liquid wallpaper, a natural, harmless material. The composition of decorative plaster includes cement and sand.

Purpose and benefits

Decorative plaster for interior decoration is a finishing coat of surfaces, which can be applied with or without initial preparation of the base. This material is often offered ready-made, when the mixture is diluted in advance in production conditions with a solvent or plain water. After purchase, the mixture is applied without modification.

But there are dry mixes that require instructions before adding liquid. To give the desired effect, a variety of fillers are added to the plaster - pieces of shells or small pebbles.

This material has the following advantages:

• excellent soundproofing properties;
• resistance to moisture and temperature extremes;
• smooths out irregularities and other defects;
• ease of application and simplicity in use;
• variety of color palette.

Types of material

In stores, you can find various types of coatings, depending on the composition. Their use has its own advantages and application features.

Acrylic

It is based on acrylic resin, and the material itself is applicable to a wide variety of surface types. As a rule, it is sold ready-made. Differs in elasticity and durability. Possessing a low level of moisture absorption, such a mixture is resistant to moisture as well as to changes in the substrate. At the same time, there are disadvantages:

• fast flammability;
• the possibility of loss of appearance.

Mineral

A powder mixture of cement requires dilution with water. It is easy to apply to the surface. The material is distinguished by its strength, moisture resistance, good vapor permeability and thermal insulation properties. Factors limiting use will be:

• the need to update every ten years;
• weak elasticity;
• the need for subsequent staining.

Silicate

It is most often used as facade decorative plaster, since it contains potash glass, which is harmful to humans. It is advisable to apply it on a mineral mixture or directly on concrete. The benefits include:

• strength and high elasticity;
• high drying speed;
• the possibility of cleaning with water;
• excellent vapor permeability;
• antibacterial effect;
• durability.

However, this is an expensive and dangerous material for a person, which requires certain skills in working with it.

Silicone

A modern material made from silicone-type resins, it is sold ready-made in a wide range of colors. Main advantages:

• elasticity and high degree of adhesion;
• moisture resistance and the ability to quickly remove dust;
• ease of finishing any type of base indoors and outdoors;
• durability.

At the same time, the material is not cheap, and the surface must be treated with a silicone primer before application.

Choice of plaster

Decorating the walls with decorative plaster gives the interior a unique and original touch. However, to get the desired effect, it is advisable to choose the right texture.

Textured

It is a material with a very viscous structure. The composition includes a variety of fillers, such as mica, wood, granite or marble chips. Can be used for both internal and external work. Concrete, brick and even wooden bases are subject to finishing. Advantages:

• the formation of a durable waterproof but breathable coating;
• the ability to imitate other materials, such as leather, stone or wood;
• selection of the color of decorative plaster by tinting;
• excellent heat and sound insulation properties;
• ease of application and affordable price.

To create the desired pattern, you need to prepare a roller with a spatula and arm yourself with a stencil.

Structural

A ready-made material with a base of acrylic or silicate type resins is offered for implementation. As a filler, chips of marble and quartz are used, as a result of which the granularity of the structure is ensured.

It is a versatile, resistant to mechanical stress coating. It is quite simple to apply decorative plaster with your own hands, as a result, an original relief is formed.

The resulting layer is characterized by high parameters of air permeability and moisture resistance. At the same time, temperature fluctuations do not have a significant effect on quality. To apply the material, you need:

• clean up the area;
• dry the wall;
• level the surface if necessary;
• prime the wall and apply plaster.

Venetian

To get a beautiful finish, you need to purchase a transparent ready-made mixture and add one or more colors to it. To give the surface the necessary effects, the material is applied in layers, and a protective wax or varnish is laid on top.

The composition of such plaster contains particles of marble and lime. If required, a marbled or glossy finish can be obtained. The applied composition dries quickly with the possibility of forming a mosaic-like relief. Among the qualities of such a durable coating are environmental friendliness, fire safety, resistance to wear and moisture.

When applying, the sequence of such actions is required:

• Clean and level the walls.
• Select areas up to 1 m in size, and after drying, apply the first layer.
• For the first coating, continuous application technology is used, and all subsequent layers are applied with strokes. Movements should be small. By adjusting the degree of pressure, you can change the texture of the coating.
• Smooth out the coating on the site. Repeat the steps over the entire surface.
• Let the plaster dry.
• Buff and apply wax or varnish to protect. As a result, you can get a coating, as in the photo of decorative plaster.

Taking advantage of modern ways of decorating walls and facades, you can equip a wonderful interior, distinguished by originality and comfort. Decorative plaster helps to solve this problem in the most effective and visually attractive way.

Photo of decorative plaster

Plaster is the final stage of covering the walls outside the building, and inside to decorate the colorful interior. Indoor finishing plaster is carried out in order to level the walls and prepare them for painting or decorating with wallpaper.

But, you can achieve an excellent effect without wallpapering, by creating a different type of embossed surface, and using a variety of plastering techniques. The surface of the walls is modeled by giving a different texture, while the plaster has not yet hardened - such work must be done quickly enough and have sufficient experience in plastering.

Plaster is translated from Italian as gypsum, and it contains such basic components as sand, lime and cement. However, for a stronger decorative effect, various granules and free-flowing substances in the form of stone chips, shells, pieces of mica and wood fibers are added to the plaster mixture. In addition to the colorful effect, the blotches achieve an additional perspective volume.

At the base of mineral-based plaster is lime, to which particles of other inclusions, such as clay, marble and granite chips, are added. Such a composition helps over time only to strengthen its strength, but at the same time pass steam through its surface, in order to avoid the appearance of dampness in the house. Such a plaster is resistant to sunlight, but is too bulky and has little ability to structurally change.

For polymer plaster, plastic and durable acrylic resins become the connecting link, which makes it possible to mask the surface of the wall and give it new tactile and visual characteristics. A persistent illusion is created that the wall is faced with one of the types of polished stone, or that it looks and feels like a suede covering, or does not differ in any way from genuine leather. In addition to such an optical illusion, such a plaster is resistant to temperature fluctuations, repels water and resists well the effects of sunlight. The only drawback of plaster made from modern polymer compounds is that it does not allow steam to pass through well, which contributes to the manifestation of dampness in rooms.

Silicone resin forms the basis of silicone plaster, which is excellent against various destructive factors. It is hydrophobic, does not let steam through its surface, and has a wide range of colors. The increased plasticity of silicone plaster allows it to be widely used to create relief patterns of any texture and complexity.

At the heart of silicate plaster is liquid glass - it also easily takes any shape, is resistant to dirt, but is already capable of passing steam. Silicate plaster is characterized by good fire resistance and moisture-repelling properties. But it cannot boast of a wide selection of color shades - it is produced in the form of a dry mixture with the addition of various colors.

All types of decorative plaster photos with names can take on a rough texture, but the surface of the wall is sometimes leveled and processed to give a discreet glossy shine. But, relief plaster with a variety of expressive effects has a special effect in the interior. Types of decorative plaster by the type of inclusions are subdivided into:

• textured and structural, which have a relief rough surface;
• Venetian, which belongs to the almost smooth type of plaster, but looks just great.

All types of plaster mixes belong to an environmentally friendly type of materials and are considered reliable and highly durable.

Other types of decorative plaster photos with names, in addition to the connecting link, are interspersed with threads of flax, wood and "granite and marble" crumbs. Small decorative stones are also used. With such a coating, the elimination of wall protrusions and all types of surface irregularities is achieved - there is also no need to carry out preliminary preparation of the walls for plastering. It is enough just to take care of removing residues from the walls, which are able to peel off and dry them well. This type of plaster has a high viscosity, and flax fibers, pieces of wood material, fragments of mica, chips of marble and granite become its additional components.

Such plaster manages to decorate brick, concrete and wooden surfaces well - it is suitable for interior decoration work. Before applying the plaster, the walls are primed with a deeply penetrating compound - a special compound is applied to treat concrete walls, which contributes to the best adhesion of the plaster layer to the wall.

A layer of textured plaster is quite hard and does not allow moisture to pass through, but air passes through such a coating freely. A layer of plaster can imitate natural stone, leather or wood. Textured plaster belongs to the types of the most popular decorative coatings, and is available in the price plan.

The composition for the preparation of the solution is available in bags weighing 9, 18 and 50 kg in a dry, ready-to-dilute form. Average consumption of dry mix is ​​about 2 kilograms per square meter of wall. The dye can be in the driest mixture, or the wall is painted after the plaster layer has hardened. It is not recommended to carry out outdoor work in rainy weather, and at temperatures up to 7 degrees Celsius. You can make textured work with a simple set of plastering tools - if professionals were not involved in the work, there are many options for the design of the walls in your own hand.

With the help of embossed plaster on the wall, various embossed patterns are formed. It:

• "Lamb" that imitates the wool of this animal - for such a coating, stone grains of various sizes are introduced into the dry plaster mixture and the coating receives a grainy and uneven surface;
• "Fur coat" is also a rough surface with a fleecy structure, based on a cement plaster composition;
• "Cored" is a plaster filled with small pebbles - such a surface resembles the wood of a tree that was gnawed by a bark beetle.

This texture in the form of vertical grooves looks very impressive.

Thin-layer plaster is created on the basis of acrylic, or silicate, and marble chips and quartz elements are used as a composite component. The dry mixture looks like a granular mass of a heterogeneous composition and is used for finishing external and internal premises. When applying such a plaster solution, an almost even layer with low grain size is obtained, but when the layer dries on a flat surface, showing a kind of optical relief. Possessing a good adhesion surface, such plaster adheres well to drywall and chipboard.

The features of structural plaster include its excellent air permeability and resistance to various atmospheric manifestations. Such a dry mixture is produced in packages weighing 9, 18 and 50 kilograms, and the finished solution is applied to a clean, dried surface treated with a primer, which penetrates deeply into the inner surface of the wall. At least 3 kilograms of dry mix is ​​consumed per square meter of the wall.

During plastering work, there should be no high humidity and the temperature should not drop below 7 degrees. Structural relief is achieved in various ways, and using tools such as a flat trowel and roller - sometimes the textured surface is created with a special spray gun. For example, to obtain a wave structure, plaster with coarse grains is used, and it is applied with a spatula in a circular motion.

Such properties of structural plaster allow its use for finishing bathrooms - facades, cares and gates are also successfully finished with it. The new surface is resistant to damage and directional impacts - it can be used without fear of damage.

For work on the interior, a dry mixture is selected, which is diluted with water - it does not give off an odor and hardens quickly enough.

Special skill is required when applying Venetian plaster - such a multi-layer coating, originally from the romantic city of lovers, is made by adding marble chips and slaked lime to a dry mixture. During the construction of buildings and the use of marble for their decoration, many small pieces remained, and in order not to waste good, they began to be used as material for wall cladding.

Externally, the coating is similar to marble, or made of precious onyx, therefore must be done by an experienced plasterer. A solution of Venetian plaster is applied with a rubber spatula and the thinnest layer - each layer requires full drying. The dry mix is ​​quite expensive, and the work on creating the plaster layer is quite painstaking, but the effect of the translucent matte layers justifies all the efforts. Most often, Venetian plaster is used to recreate classical and antique styles - it looks especially impressive in the Baroque style.

Different directions of movement of the trowel and methods of applying plaster allow you to achieve a matte and glossy surface of the walls. In addition to stone surfaces, Venetian plaster can imitate the shine of precious metals - thus, they achieve the effect of expanding the room and complex reflection of light on the wall surface. The dry mixture is produced in bags of 8 and 16 kilograms, and color can be added to it. The wall before plastering work must be dry, clean and treated with a deep primer, and before priming it must be reinforced and putty. If the technology for working with Venetian plaster is not followed, cracks may appear, which will then be difficult to get rid of. Often, such a coating is used as a basis for bas-reliefs, frescoes and complex panels.

More and more new types of interior surface finishes are presented by modern manufacturers. These include:

• colored plaster, based on acrylic and marble chips - it is characterized by water-repellent properties and hardness. The variety of colors is presented in more than fifteen shades - the solution is applied on a dry cleaned surface in one layer. With equal success, the solution is applied to the external and internal surfaces, but in order to prevent the formation of joints that will be noticeable, the plastering process should be brought from corner to opposite corner.
• roller plaster is characterized by filler of organic origin of various sizes - when it is applied, channels are formed that are located in different directions. Decorative patterns are formed by applying a solution to the wall with a wide spatula, and then rubbed with arbitrary movements in circular and horizontal movements. With roller plaster, color is often added to the dry mix, or painted after the mortar has set.
• latex plastic so convincingly imitates the structure of a polished stone, its gloss and shine, that you can make a mistake in determining the texture of the surface, even touching it. The finished plaster resists cracking and repels water, making it easier to clean the walls. And colors similar in tone are ground in a solution without overusing stirring - then a stone structure is formed, imitating relief structures. Before applying the plaster, the walls are putty and treated with a deep penetration primer.
• the relief of wet silk convincingly imitates this precious fabric on the walls - mother-of-pearl particles in the dry mix demonstrate the play of silk and all its color possibilities. Such plaster is produced in a few, but extremely effective colors - the coating is available in white and golden colors, has the color of ripe pomegranate and metallic silver and bronze shades. Such a coating is moisture resistant, which allows it to be washed and cleaned; therefore, this type of plaster is most often used for the kitchen.
• the sea breeze technique allows you to apply translucent colors with a slight pearlescent tint to the walls. This effect is achieved by the fact that the composition of the plaster includes fine-grained river sand - the overflow of colors in such plaster is achieved by arbitrary application of the solution, followed by thorough rubbing it along the wall. The main colors when using this technique are golden, white and garnet tones, bronze is used from metallic colors, but the most spectacular is the shade of a chameleon, which is able to change colors depending on the lighting. The use of plaster in the sea breeze technique is most often used in interior design.

The excellent technical qualities and excellent color effect of decorative plaster captivated many designers due to the richness of color and variety of texture. This type of coating stands out brightly from other materials for interior decoration, and its irresistible qualities are gaining a greater number of admirers.

Plaster in the interior shows all its positive properties:

• it hides all the irregularities and defects of the wall surface;
• adheres well to all known building materials for walls and ceilings;
• has a high ability to absorb odors and a pronounced resistance to sound and noise effects;
• it has an original and unique design, and goes well with other decor items;
• does not require special processing of the walls, but it is distinguished by remarkable durability and strength;
• retains heat well, but creates an obstacle to moisture and frost penetration;
• good plasticity makes it possible to process surfaces of any complexity and give the coating any shape;
• plastering the walls achieves the appearance of an environmentally friendly, practical and durable coating that resists mechanical stress.

The quality of the decorative coating directly depends on the condition of the tools with which it is produced. All of them must be free from coating defects, no cracks or notches.

Types of decorative plaster application are distinguished by their own technique to give the walls special expressiveness and new artistic properties.

For the application of Venetian plaster, which requires a special multi-layer design, work is carried out with spatulas made of stainless material, of various sizes. The base of the plaster layer is applied with the widest spatula, and the gaps should not only remain, but also become an important component in the compositional design.

The initial layer is made wide and completely devoid of symmetry.

All layers that are applied to the base should overlap the faded layer with a brighter color, and vice versa, try to press the bright layer more so that it becomes less expressive. To achieve color overflows, each of the layers can have its own shade, similar in color. Each of the layers is dried, leveled and sanded; an ironing process is carried out to give a gloss to the surface. And, for additional shine, the finished plaster layers are coated with varnish or special wax. The transparency of each layer gives the wall surface an effect of volume and depth.

Plaster decorative types of textures with a relief pattern is carried out in a slightly different way - it does not require special processing and. It is enough just to remove the old layers, wash and dry the walls. At the next stage, the surface of the wall is treated with a primer, which has deep penetration properties and an antibacterial composition, which prevents the appearance of mold and mildew. The wall covering is primed a day before the start of the plastering work and make sure that the primer layer is fully dry.

The plaster mortar is applied to the wall surface with a wide spatula with a soft surface, then a relief is quickly made over the wet plaster. To obtain a different textured surface, tools such as spatulas of various shapes, rollers, sponges and a variety of stencils are used. The formation of the relief is carried out immediately from one wall to another in order to achieve a uniform surface without visible seams.

Decorative plaster types and methods of application are carried out using special knowledge - in order to apply structural plaster with high quality, you need to remember that the main plastering tool is a stainless steel trowel. The plaster layer should slightly exceed the size of the composite grains, and after application, the plaster layer is left to set for 2-3 minutes. After that, smooth the layer of plaster in a circular motion with a plastic trowel. In this way, an even distribution of the granules that are in the solution is ensured, and the excess mass from the trowel is removed with a smaller spatula. In order not to see the joints, they plaster and make a relief surface, quickly working from corner to another corner. If the coloring layer was not added to the dry mixture, then painting is carried out no earlier than 10-14 days after plastering.

Durability and resistance to various damage allows you to completely ignore the walls in the first year after the coating was applied. The plastered surface of the walls does not absorb dust and unpleasant odors, and also repels water, so the walls can be easily cleaned with any detergent on a neutral basis. The walls will be cleaned of dirt with a soft cloth and sponge, but not with metal scrapers, hard brushes and pumice.

To make wall plaster pleasing to the eye for a long time, it is covered with wax and glazing agents, which increases the waterproofing of the walls, and provides additional shine for Venetian plaster. The wax composition focuses on the depth of the relief, while increasing their protection against dust, moisture and mechanical stress. The wax components are selected in a silvery-white shade with a mother-of-pearl effect and a yellowish translucent shade. The wax coating is applied in a double layer with a spatula, sponge or brush, and after drying, it is polished with a soft cloth. Such a coating will respond positively to cleaning with detergents, but you cannot use a chemical solvent for it.

Glazing is called a translucent coating, which allows you to acquire additional volume and emphasize the contours of the plaster relief. It can have various metal surfaces that shimmer in the light, or it can simply have a white color, which emphasizes the texture of the plaster. The glazing agent is applied with a brush, sponge, or a special mitten in order to fully process all the depressions of the relief. Thanks to such means, embossed plaster will last longer and retain the hardness of its surface.

In case you need to remove the covering from the wall, you can use various methods.

If you are tired of the color, then the coating can simply be repainted. When another version of the plaster is planned, the top layer is removed to the concrete base. In the case when you want to replace the textured surface with a smooth one in order to glue the wallpaper, they simply putty it, removing all textured irregularities.

Decorative plaster completely changes the appearance of the room and has several types. The textured dry mix contains mineral chips, mica and other inclusions, which, when applied at random, produce a stunning effect. Structural plaster looks like a granular mass, which consists of various inclusions and produces a relief pattern after drying. Thinner Venetian plaster is applied in layers and torn with protective compounds to protect and add extra shine. Almost smooth surfaces with overflowing paints are provided by modern plastering materials, while plastered surfaces should be washed with simple detergents.

1192 09.10.2019 7 minutes

According to European standards, plaster is a coating of any thickness, which is made from a solution, and reaches consumer qualities after hardening. For interior decoration, decorative plaster is used - a material very popular among both eminent builders and novice craftsmen.

Plaster has a lot of advantages, due to which it is in constant demand. Interior designers are developing more and more new types of this building material.

Positive traits

Today one of the most modern ways of decorating walls and ceilings - and other materials. Lime flour is often taken as the main ingredient, to which other components are added:

• pebbles;
• granite chips;
• cotton fiber;
• flax fiber;
• vegetable fibers;
• straw;
• wood shavings;
• sand;
• ground brick;
• gypsum;
• mica.

Thanks to the constituent elements, a variety of shades and reliefs can be achieved. With a creative and professional approach, plaster can perfectly imitate such surfaces:

• wood cut;
• watercolor painting;
• velvet surface;
• sandy wind;
• small pebbles;
• Orange peel;
• other effects.

So, the composition of this plaster allows you to get a different embossed pattern, which will be an excellent choice regardless of the intended design. It lends itself to creativity. This plaster is sometimes also called fibrous, textile.

Scope of use

Textured plaster can be used for finishing the following types of premises:

• Living spaces;
• offices;
• clubs and restaurants;
• other premises.

It is sometimes produced in the form of a ready-to-use paste. The guaranteed storage time is no more than six months. It can be operated for up to ten years.

The connecting link is lime. Very common indoors. The plaster is vapor-permeable and can partially regulate humidity. Due to the high alkalinity, the lime surface does not grow moldy, is not affected by fungi and bacteria.

The main disadvantage is toxicity: it can negatively affect the health of the worker who kneads it... However, you just need to remember about safety precautions (use of a special suit and mask) - then negative consequences can be avoided.

It is used in all types of premises.

Due to its porosity, this plaster plays a useful role: in rooms with poor air circulation and high humidity, the material absorbs excess moisture.

The use of this plaster allows you to save a little, since it forms a layer of thermal insulation, sound insulation and fire protection.

Composition - natural clay plus plant fibers (eg straw or cellulose). Very useful when making design decisions. With its help, you can make aesthetic and, in addition, natural surfaces. The texture of this finish can be rough, structured or simply smooth. Find out how gypsum plaster differs from wall putty.

For interesting creative results, the material is mixed with pearlescent and dye pigments.

Produced on the basis of kaolin clay. This clay gives the mixture additional fire resistance and elasticity..

Gypsum-clay plaster combines the beneficial qualities of both components. When using it, the wall covering is quite heat-resistant. It is also important that the composition dries quickly.

Composition - acrylic resin plus other components. The artificial resin finish looks like a mineral one, but it has no natural components. He will tell you about acrylic putty for leveling a wooden floor.

Instead, it contains aqueous (acrylic, polyvinyl acetate) dispersions and non-aqueous (epoxy, polyurethane) dispersions.

Polymer plaster is reliable, durable. The acrylic coating has excellent water-repellent qualities, elastic, resistant to changes in temperature and humidity, and mold-resistant.

However, it has low vapor permeability, it is not used with heaters containing mineral wool. Warranty period of use - 25 years... The release form is a ready-made mass.

A mixture of resin from acrylic and grit (sand, quartz, marble). It is applied with a metal trowel.

Various colors of the coating are obtained without the use of pigments, only due to the natural color of the stone particles.

The base is silicone resin. The mass includes substances that allow this plaster to maintain excellent water-repellent qualities, resistance to dust and dirt. Moisture and dirt collects on the surface of the silicone finish and is easy to wipe off.

Other positive qualities are elasticity, vapor permeability, reliability, durability. All this makes this plaster an ideal tool for exterior decoration (facade), it is widely used near roads, where there is an increased level of dust. Sometimes it is used for interior decoration.

This is the most expensive plaster. This fact significantly reduces its popularity. On the other hand, it is sold ready-made, so it is easy to use. It is used together with a silicone primer.

It contains potash glass, liquid... This type of decorative finish has several advantages:

• the most durable type (you can operate up to sixty years);
• perfectly repels water;
• resistant to dust and mold;
• has a high degree of fire safety;
• there is a wide selection of colors on the market.

However, despite the many positive characteristics, silicate plaster has a significant drawback.

It has a very low level of environmental safety, so this material is used exclusively for outdoor use. Not recommended for interior work!

You should not try various patterns without special preparation, since the plaster, although easy to use, behaves quite capriciously. It is better to read the instructions or invite an experienced master to work.

It should be noted that when choosing a plaster, you need to take into account the properties of the base on which it is applied. For example, if the wall is made of aerated concrete (it has high porosity), then an indispensable condition for plaster is high vapor permeability.

Otherwise, the accumulated moisture will eventually destroy both the coating itself and the wall. It is important to correctly select the solution for plastering. Consult with experts.

Stages of work with textured plaster

Preparation

Before applying the plaster, the walls must be prepared. The surface of the walls should be leveled, cleaned of moisture... He will tell you about decorative bricks for interior decoration.

Padding

It is necessary to prime the base, apply a layer of paint mixed in half with sand. The last step can be skipped if the plaster is adhesive.

Application

After the primer is dry, a plaster solution is applied with a spatula. Drawing is done if necessary. The relief depends only on the imagination of the master and the devices used. Find out about the consumption of putty per 1 m2 of the wall by.

Remember that manipulations need to be done quickly, in 30-40 minutes, so that the solution does not have time to harden.

Sometimes it is necessary to apply several layers (in case the wall has many defects or when it is necessary to form a deeper texture). The following tools are used to complete the relief:

• textured roller;
• special spray;
• putty knife;
• sometimes a stencil.

Dyeing

This stage is omitted if the solution of the desired color was first used or if it was additionally tinted. This choice will save time on arranging the wall. Do not forget to purchase a paint that will protect the walls from damage in the future.

Construction wax can be used as an alternative. However, it is not easy for a layman to apply.

Conclusion

There are so many different types of plaster for interior decoration of residential premises that you can easily choose what you like, suit your wallet and creative needs.

Among other types of finishing materials, decorative plaster for interior wall decoration occupies a special place due to its characteristics and aesthetic appearance, which it gives to the surfaces to be coated.

Decorative plaster for walls is similar in composition to the usual plaster in common with it - sand, cement, lime, but, unlike it, it may contain various additional granules: various chips, wood fibers, pieces of mica, etc. Cement is usually used as a bonding base, fillers are sold separately, and are added when the final layer of plaster is applied. In addition, the structure of the plaster includes additives that improve its properties and provide antiseptic, adhesive, bactericidal and hydrophobic effects.

In addition to making the surface of the walls aesthetically pleasing, decorative plaster evens it out, smoothing grooves and other defects. You can buy plaster both in finished form, in a pasty state, and in dry form for dilution with water. It is not difficult to work with this decorative coating; if you have the necessary skills, you can plaster the walls with your own hands without the help of specialists.

The popularity of this type of decorative finishing material is due to the advantages of plaster over other types of finishing:

• moisture resistance of the coating;
• resistance to humidity levels, temperature changes;
• no need to specially process the walls before decorative plastering;
• providing additional sound insulation and thermal insulation;
• strength and durability of the coating;
• the ability to realize any idea, a variety of textures and shades.

Types of decorative plaster for interior wall decoration

It is possible to classify the material according to the type of binder and filler. In the first case, it is divided into the following types:

• acrylic (polymer);
• mineral;
• silicate;
• silicone.

Acrylic
Mineral
Silicate
Silicone

Taking into account the type of filler, the coating is divided into textured, structural (based on marble chips), Venetian and flock. They are distinguished by their decorative properties. Using textured and structural materials, you can create a relief on the surface, and with the help of the Venetian and flock types, you can create a smooth or glossy wall.

In addition to the above, there are specific types of this decorative coating:

• colored plaster - it is based on marble chips and acrylic. Waterproof, durable enough, available in fifteen shades;
• roller - consists of a natural filler with a fraction of 1 to 2.5 mm, when applied, it forms an texture with small depressions and channels;
• latex-plastic - forms a glossy surface with an imitation of smooth natural stone or marble, as well as relief textures. The material is resistant to moisture, it can be washed, add different colors when applied;
• coating "wet silk" - texture with pearlescent particles, imitating a fabric surface;
• coating "sea breeze" - creates a translucent layer with a slight tint of mother-of-pearl, the composition contains fine-grained sand.

Wet silk
Sea breeze
Roller
Latex-plastic
Colored

Mineral

The composition of the mineral plaster includes lime, mineral particles, clay of various colors, stone chips and cement as the main binder. Today, mineral decorative coating is the most widespread, it is considered absolutely environmentally friendly. Despite the fact that the structure of mineral plaster contains lime, it is not afraid of moisture and wet cleaning, it also contains substances that do not allow lime to dissolve. It is suitable for all types of mineral substrates, including concrete, gypsum plaster, drywall, fiberboard and chipboard. The mineral mixture is usually used to cover walls that are subject to abrasion and have protrusions (corridor, staircase, entrance area), as well as the surface of the building's basement. In the photo below you can see an example of covering the hall walls with mineral plaster.

Among the advantages of this type of coating are the following:

• high resistance to mechanical and atmospheric influences, temperature extremes. Over time, the strength of the coating only increases;
• forms a "breathing" surface;
• fire safety;
• ease of care, the possibility of wet cleaning.

However, the mineral coating is vibration-resistant. Under such conditions, over time, it can become covered with cracks, and crumble if the wall was poorly primed.

The mineral mixture is sold only in dry form, prepared by diluting with water at room temperature. Mineral plaster is divided into types, taking into account the size of the granules and the composition of the filler.

Polymer

It is an elastic plaster with a base of various binders (acrylic, epoxy resin, polyurethane). Types of polymer coatings are divided into aqueous and non-aqueous. The first type includes acrylic, polyvinyl acetate, butane-styrene plasters, the second - epoxy and polyurethane. Due to its composition, it is enough to apply polymer coatings in the thinnest layer, suitable for concrete surfaces, cement-sand, drywall. The polymer solution is usually sold ready-made, applied in a continuous line, depending on the size of the granules.

The advantages of this type are:

• plastic;
• vapor permeability;
• strength, resistance to various influences;
• hydrophobicity;
• environmental friendliness of the material;
• good sound insulation;
• rich assortment of colors and textures;
• ease of application, which you can handle with your own hands without the help of professionals.

Silicone

Silicone plasters are durable, their only drawback can only be considered a high price. Silicone decorating solution consists of silicone resins, various fillers (woven fibers, mineral granules), special additives (antifungal, bactericidal), as well as pigments of various shades. This material is a kind of polymer plaster, it has the following advantages:

• creates a protective coating of the surface from moisture, damage;
• ease of care, dirt can be easily removed from the coating;
• the color of the outer layer remains unchanged for a long time;
• protects walls from mold and mildew.

Like any other type of polymer plaster, silicone is applied to the wall, pre-treated with a special primer, which is produced by the same manufacturer as the plaster. You should only use the type of primer indicated on the manufacturer's packaging for the silicone coating; if you use any other, the decorative coating will not adhere to the base in the right way. There is no need to dilute the silicone plaster with water, as it is sold ready-made.

Structural

The material produced on an acrylic or silicate base has a thin-layer structure. To create a decorative effect, quartz or marble chips are found in its composition. Only a mixture of white is produced, pigments are purchased separately in order to tint the material with your own hands at your discretion. In appearance, structural plaster looks like a grainy, heterogeneous mass, therefore it is often used to create patterns. Structural mixtures are divided into types according to small, medium and large fractions of stone chips. The photo shows a coarse structural plaster that creates a noticeable decorative relief.

The structural mixture has good adhesion to most mineral surfaces, can be applied to drywall and chipboard. Water-based structural plaster is used for interior finishing. The whole process of applying the material with your own hands is quite easy, since the mixture has high plasticity and is sold ready for use.

Textured

This type of plaster is less uniform than structural. It is based on lime flour, granite, marble chips, synthetic fibers, wood, mica; a polymer base can also be used. The textured finish is well suited for covering various surfaces - wooden walls, brick, plastered, concrete. The advantages of this type of coating are:

• the ability to imitate various types of textures: stone, leather, paper, concrete surface, wood, thanks to which textured plaster has gained popularity among many users and designers;
• due to its structure with special particles, it masks visible defects and unevenness of the walls;
• practically does not require special surface preparation before application, it is enough just to cover the walls with an adhesive solution;
• air permeability, high strength and durability of the plastered coating;
• convenience of the material: it is sold both in dry and ready-made form of various packaging, the solution can be tinted during or after application;
• affordable price;
• design decoration with a textured solution can be easily created with your own hands, this does not require special skills or knowledge.

Textured plaster is divided into types:

• "lamb" coating - has a uniform granular structure, roughness;
• "fur coat" coating - the main component is cement, the surface is rough in the form of small villi;
• "bark beetle" coating - a fine-grained stone filler creates grooves on the surface, imitating wood eaten by insects.

Lamb
Bark beetle
Fur coat

Venetian

It is a multi-layer coating, the composition of the Venetian plaster includes marble chips and slaked lime. It is a smooth type of plaster that looks like marble or onyx. This is an expensive material that requires special skills when working with it, moreover, it has a long drying process. It is applied in several layers (up to eight layers) with a rubber spatula, each of them should dry well. Often this type of material is used to decorate the interior of premises in a classical or antique style. Venetian plaster can be polished to a glossy finish and can be tinted in various shades. Before applying the Venetian mixture, you must first prepare the walls, otherwise the decorative coating may crack. Finishing in this way of plastering will help to obtain the effect of visually increasing the space due to the refraction of light from the walls.

Flokovaya

This coating consists of natural cellulose, silk fibers, mineral filler and pigments. This type of plaster is expensive, but creates a highly artistic effect, additionally soundproofing the room. The cover is breathable, practical. The sophisticated application technique includes three stages: applying an adhesive base to walls, flocks and varnishing the surface, resulting in an original, aesthetic coating. The laboriousness of the process requires the use of professional skills and knowledge, so it will be quite difficult to do flocking with your own hands.

The environmental friendliness and durability of the material contributed to the spread of its use in the decoration of various premises - the walls of apartments, children's rooms, public institutions, bathrooms, kitchens. The lacquered outer layer is not subject to abrasion, burning, moisture penetration, and, if necessary, the coating can be easily repaired. The photo below clearly shows the aesthetics of this decorative coating.

Based on marble chips

Finishing with the addition of marble or granite chips creates a very strong and durable coating. The appearance of such a finish depends on the size of the crumb. To give the coating a golden shine, quartz sand is added to the solution. The coating on the basis of marble chips is indispensable in those places that are most exposed to abrasion, mechanical stress, for example, in hallways, or in apartments with active pets. The finished surface with marble chips can be tinted in various shades.

Before applying the marble coating, it is necessary to prime the walls very well, otherwise they will shine through. Marble plaster adheres well to almost any surface. This material has a similarity to Venetian plaster and its other common types in that it uses a synthetic binder in the base. Application should be done in continuous stripes to avoid unevenness after the plaster layer has completely dried.

Creating a relief with your own hands

Decorative plaster should be applied to the prepared wall surface. At the same time, the old coating is removed, the walls are cleaned to a concrete or brick base, the debris is removed with a construction vacuum cleaner or an ordinary damp cloth. Places where plaster can accidentally get into during the process are sealed with masking tape or covered with film. Further, in the presence of cracks, they are repaired, and the wall is primed in several layers.

If you need to treat a small area, it is recommended to use ready-made plaster mixes, and if a large area is to be treated, it is more economical to use dry mixes, diluting them with water in accordance with the instructions.

When applying the material, it should be borne in mind that the light shade of the plaster is the basis for the darker one. The solution is applied with a rubber or metal trowel, flock plaster can be applied using a spray gun. Next, do-it-yourself relief is applied. In this case, you can use various tools: special patterned rollers, plastic wrap, draw with your own hands, use ready-made stencils to squeeze out the pattern. After that, a thinner and darker second layer is applied so that the drawing can be seen from under it. After 30 minutes, a polyurethane sealant is applied to secure the result and give the coating strength.

Drawings and panels

Drawing on plaster will create a unique and original design. The photos below prove that a panel made with your own hands or with the help of professionals will serve as an adornment for any, even the most modest, interior. It is best to use a free wall, protruding or a wall in a niche as a place for drawing. The panel should be in harmony with the rest of the decoration of the room. All walls in the room should be decorated with a panel only if it is a nursery. To understand all the intricacies of drawing a picture or panel will help photos and videos.

The simplest technique is to apply a volumetric stencil panel. To do this, you need to cut a drawing on a sheet of hardboard, plywood or drywall, which is then fixed on a leveled and dried wall using aerosol glue. The plaster is applied along the contour of the stencil, the more mortar is applied, the more voluminous the drawing will be. After the pattern has dried, a roller with tint paint is rolled over it.

Another way is painting on structural plaster, in which, using sharpened wooden sticks, sponges, brushes, textures are created on the panel using a cardboard template. The third, more complex method is stucco panels, that is, three-dimensional drawings on the whole wall or whole paintings. This technique usually requires the participation of professionals.

Plaster finishing methods

The creation of a decorative effect on the wall begins after all the preparatory work is completed. There are the following do-it-yourself plaster finishing methods:

• Venetian plaster is used to create the effect of polished marble on the wall. It is applied with a rubber spatula in several thin layers. Each of the layers is applied with tangential movements and different spatulas, thanks to which the layers are applied in different directions, and the light reflected in them creates a glowing effect. The finishing layer is fixed with matte varnish or wax;
• to create a simple relief pattern, the plaster is applied in one layer with a spatula and left to dry, or slightly smoothed with a trowel;
• with a notched or combed trowel, you can create uniform patterns and regular shapes (in a semicircle, in a checkerboard pattern);
• Ordinary plastic wrap will help create a chaotic pattern: to do this, you need to lean it unfolded or rolled up against the surface of the raw plaster, then remove it, if necessary, smooth the relief. An example of such a technique is shown in the photo;
• with the help of special textured mixtures, you can create various surfaces - such as "bark beetle", "rain", "rock". In this case, a spatula is used;
• a fairly simple way of finishing - using nozzles for rubber rollers with a ready-made convex pattern applied to them. It can be floral ornaments, geometric shapes, and much more.

How to create a drawing on plaster

Care rules

Despite the fact that decorative plaster is a fairly durable and resistant coating, you should adhere to some rules for caring for it. The first year after application, it does not require special care, it is enough to carry out wet cleaning with or without ordinary detergent.

In order to create an additional water-repellent and protective coating, the plaster can be coated with a special wax. After several years of operation, this method will help to renew the outer layer of the coating. After application, the wax layer is polished with a rag; further care for it should not include the use of solvents - only ordinary water or soapy water.

Glazing is another of the care options, it adds shine and emphasizes the shape of the relief of the coating. A special tool is applied with a mitten, you can do with a sponge or brush. If the coating has lost its appearance over time, or needs to be renewed, you can re-paint it, remove it to the base and apply a new layer, or level it with putty over the coating.

Video

How to create a drawing on decorative plaster using special rollers.

Photo with decorative plaster in the interior

What do surfaces decorated with decorative plaster look like?

Decorative plaster for walls is a topcoat that creates a complete and unique interior. Thanks to the wide assortment, you can achieve different effects.

Decorative plaster for interior wall decoration

Decorative plaster occupies a special place in the decoration of apartments, houses and public buildings. This is due to the advantages of materials, ease of application and a wide range. What are the advantages? How to apply correctly and what types are there?

When decorative plaster is used for interior wall decoration in an apartment

The composition acts as a finishing coat of walls in apartments and houses. It has gained wide popularity due to its qualities, characteristics and assortment.

Types of decorative plaster for interior wall decoration in a room: what the samples look like

Varieties:

1. Textured.
2. Embossed.
3. Artistic color.

By connecting elements:

1. Mineral - cement based.
2. Acrylic - based on acrylic resin. Sold ready-made.
3. Silicate - the basis of potash liquid glass. It is produced ready-made, you just need to mix the mixture well.
4. Silicone - Silicone based resin.

Textured

Textured or curly putty is a composition for surface finishing. With its help, it is easy to create an original design, relief or ornament. Has a different structure:

1. Bark beetle.
2. Rocky.
3. Rainy.
4. Stone.
5. With a silk effect.
6. Marble chips.

Not all types of such material lend themselves to self-assembly. It is not difficult to achieve rocky, rain and stone imitation on your own.

Textured putty has advantages:

• durable;
• aesthetic appearance;
• easy care;
• wide range of choices.

The disadvantage of the material is the high cost.

Putty can be bought ready-made, or you can make it yourself. This will require:

• construction mixer;
• dry plaster;
• container for cooking.

The dry mixture is mixed with water with a construction mixer, until it becomes thick sour cream. Use within forty minutes of preparation.

Embossed

Relief putty differs in composition, it is made on the basis of cement or gypsum. It is thanks to these components that various ornaments are created that do not deform during operation. Sold as a dry mix.

It is necessary to apply on the prepared surface using metal, wooden trowels, sponges, rollers or spatulas.

Artistic color

Artistic colored plaster is one of the most popular materials. With its help, you can implement a lot of original ideas, create a unique design.

Advantages:

• resistant to water;
• not susceptible to ultraviolet light;
• frost resistance;
• durability;
• created from environmentally friendly and safe materials;
• wide range of.

You need to work with such material carefully and in a clear sequence.

Venetian smooth

Venetian plaster is one of the most spectacular and expensive types. The material is a translucent thick mixture. It is produced ready for use. This plaster can be tinted in different colors, and if you apply several tones, it will work out. The color depth depends on the number of layers.

Venetian plaster is coated with a special wax and a glossy effect is achieved. The coating looks original and luxurious.

There are two types of material: embossed in the composition of granules up to two millimeters, smooth when applied gives the surface smoothness.

Smooth Venetian plaster can be:

• glossy;
• semi-matte;
• matte.

Material advantages:

1. High strength.
2. Resistant to temperature changes.
3. Waterproof.
4. Long lasting.
5. Made from safe and environmentally friendly substances.

Despite the resistance to mechanical stress and temperature changes, the Venetian is not recommended for outdoor use. Constant freezing, precipitation and other natural conditions will lead the material to destruction in a short time. Also, the cost of the material for finishing a large area is corresponding.

Several manufacturers produce Venetian plaster for outdoor use. But you should take into account all the nuances and buy quality products.

Pros and cons of decorative putty: which is better

The putty has gained popularity and widespread use not only due to the range, but also a lot of advantages:

1. The material is easy to install. The difficulty in work lies only in the high-quality preparation of the surface on which it will be applied. The wall should be flat, free of flaws and defects, primed and dried so that the plaster fits well.
2. With a properly prepared surface, the putty will retain and prevent heat from passing through.
3. Gives an aesthetic look to the room.
4. A wide range of textures and designs.
5. Durability.
6. It does not require special care.

The disadvantages include the high cost, but this justifies a lot of advantages. The material is difficult to remove the next time the interior is updated, and if applied incorrectly, its integrity and service life are violated.

What are the technologies for plastering with your own hands?

Plastering surfaces can be done in two main ways:

1. Without beacons, with the help of a building rule. This method is suitable for flat walls that do not have large and deep defects.
2. By lighthouses. The process is more laborious, but irregularities and flaws can be eliminated.

It is important to familiarize yourself with the quality of the plaster:

1. Simple - a deviation of three millimeters vertically per square meter is allowed. In height, the deviation should not be higher than one and a half centimeters. Slight irregularities are possible on the surface.
2. Improved plastering - vertical deflection of up to two millimeters, but not more than a centimeter over the entire area.
3. High quality plaster - the requirements for work are much higher and more precise. Slopes up to one millimeter.

The method without beacons is easier. The plaster is diluted in accordance with the instructions and applied to the surface with a spatula or roller.

Installation by beacons:

1. Surface marking. The building rule measures the wall and notes severe distortion.
2. The distance between the lighthouses is about half a meter.
3. Self-tapping screws and dowels are attached along the lower and upper edges. It is necessary to make a small indent from the floor and ceiling, so that it is more convenient to install the baseboards later.
4. Metal profiles are placed on the marks - beacons on the plaster and the deviation is checked by the rule.
5. The prepared composition is first simply pounced on the wall, for adhesion, and leveled with zigzag movements.
6. If bubbles and other defects appear in the areas, then the solution is removed and a new one is applied.
7. On slopes, it is better to apply the material with an overlap.
8. Grout is carried out before full rash.

How to properly apply decorative plasters to walls for a beginner

Recommendations on how to properly apply decorative plaster:

1. Before applying the plaster, the surface must be cleaned of the previous coating.
2. The walls need to be primed. If the renovation is taking place in a new house, then you can cover it with lime mortar.
3. start from the corners. It is better to practice in a small area, since the material does not always lay down exactly from the first sweep.
4. Venetian can be applied with a large nozzle spray.
5. It should be borne in mind that the thicker the layer, the rougher the texture is.
6. When the composition is evenly applied to the wall, artistic images and ornaments can be created.
7. Working with a spatula, it must be periodically cleaned of the solution.

What surfaces can be applied

The composition is applied to any surface. The main rule: it must be clean and even.

Do I need to pre-align the walls

It is necessary to level the surface. Decorative plaster exposes all defects, especially glossy ones.

How to finish with textured putties

Rules for applying textured putty:

1. Surface preparation. Removing the old coating and applying an antifungal solution. This is used for rooms with high humidity levels.
2. Padding.
3. When the composition is dry, sand the wall.
4. Textured plaster is applied using a spatula, sponge or roller.

How to cover with a smooth putty

Venetian smooth plaster is applied in a thin layer to the prepared surface. The peculiarity is that everyone can become the finish line and therefore, the wall must be perfectly flat.

Most often, the work is performed using the brushstroke technique, as artists paint a picture. Only use a smooth steel trowel. This method is suitable for multi-layer coating. Apply as many strokes as needed for the desired effect.

For one-word coatings, foam or textured rollers are suitable, you can also use a spatula.

Artistic color finishing

This material has several directions:

1. Classic. On the surface, they imitate natural materials: stone, wood, granite, marble and others.
2. High tech. The predominance of metallic, gray and white colors. Straight lines and crisp borders.
3. Country. Nature theme - depicts leaves, trees, ponds and more.
4. Fusion. Incompatible materials may coexist with each other, for example, Venetian and next to metal with tiles.

The composition is applied to the prepared surface with a smoothing trowel. The instrument is rinsed after each application.

Artistic plastering when imitating some materials requires special skills. Before starting work, you can practice on a small area of ​​the surface.

Examples of decorative coating design in the interior: successful decoration design

It is better to use this finish in the living room, kitchen or bedroom. Avoid bathrooms where humidity is high. Despite the quality of the plaster, this affects the performance properties.

A panel made of decorative plaster looks presentable in the interior. It is better to install it on a central wall in order to correctly focus attention.

A Venetian woman is suitable for a bedroom; with her help, you can create unique paintings. Choose nude shades, they promote relaxation and give tenderness to the interior.

For choose textures with maximum water-repellent properties: silicate or silicone plaster.

For the kitchen, a great option is to decorate the dining area or work area with a decorative composition. Because it is easy to clean and looks original.

How to renew and maintain a surface

The surface opened with decorative plaster does not require careful maintenance: you need to wash it in time and remove dirt and dust.

If you need to update a little, then you can repaint. When changing the full coating, remove to the base and change, or putty on top and apply new material.

Choosing decorative plaster for wall decoration, you can create absolutely. Following the tips and tricks, the work will be done quickly.

Useful video