Silent energy even at night? This is the beginning of a new era of humanity. The revolutionary plan of California - 33% of all the energy from the sun and wind after 5 years (!). The state continues to increase the capacity of alternative electric power to the power of alternative electric power industry trying to ensure a third of all power consumption due to the sun, wind and geysers for 2020. And here is the next megaelectric station. This is the largest worldwide solar heliotermal station. Today it is no longer experimental, but an ordinary working technology. Around the world, about 100 such stations have already been built (all over the past 5 years), on the approach at least 50 *, and some of them can already produce energy even at night. The new California station provides clean electricity 140,000 houses. How? Meet: Ivanpa Star Electric Systems. Let's look closer as it all arranged and what we all threaten.
2. The station of Ivanpa Star is located in the Mojave desert, in 3 hours east of Los Angeles. Its construction was carried out for about three years, cost $ 2 billion 200 million and now, finally, in the spring of 2014, it was commissioned. The station produces absolutely clean energy, without having to burn any fuel. Energy drops away from the Sun, but the method is characterized by solar cells. Pay attention to the three towers surrounded by thousands of mirrors - in them the whole secret.
3. The IVANPA station does not use the already familiar solar panels (Photoelectric modules). Instead, they use completely ordinary mirrors, such as those hanging at us at home. 
4. Each mirror module is a system of two large mirrors S. size garage Doors. This module is called Heliostat. At the station of such heliostats 173 thousand. 
5. All these mirrors are heliostats, reflect the sun's rays to the tops of the three tall towers in the center. Each heliostat is moved, and with the help of a computer, all 170 thousand heliostats turn around the sun all the time. Thus, the sun's rays fall on the tops of the towers constantly until the sun went beyond the horizon. 
6. As you already guessed, on top of the towers there are boilers with a liquid, which turns into steam from heating. Exactly the same boilers are in all CHP usually, but they are heated there when burning gas or coal. Here is only an inexhaustible energy of the Sun! By the way, the total power of the station Ivanpa Star is 392 megawatt. In order to be clear, it is quite comparable from the Middle Moscow CHP (for example, CHP-16 in the area of \u200b\u200bgood-mpphs, working on gas produces 360 megawatts). 
7. The higher the tower, the more mirrors can be put around it around it. These towers are very large - tall with 50 storey house (148 meters). At the peak of the day, the boiler can heat up to 700 degrees and even more. The couple goes down to the turbine, and rotates it - electrical energy is produced. Simply! Such a pricing of energy generation is called heliotermal. But what happens after sunset? 
8. The advantage of heliotermal power plants to ordinary solar batteries is the ability to store excess energy at the peak, which means working after sunset. If you explain simply, a part of the heated fluid is temporarily injected into special huge storage facilities, and gradually produced from there after sunset continuing to twist the turbine. The repository can ensure the operation of the turbines of such stations up to 15 hours after sunset at full power. Thus, heliotermal stations equipped with electric stands can produce energy even after sunset, and their own even work around the clock. Ivanpa station has not yet has its own heat storage, but here on this video, on the example of a similar station in Spain, which is already able to store heat for the night, is explained in detail how it all works (on the moment 2 min. 50 seconds are just told about 15 An hourly energy supply in its storage).
9. An interesting feature Station construction is the program of environmental protection around it. Yes, the station itself is absolutely harmless - these are conventional mirrors heating steam boiler. But its construction picked up the rare types of turtles living in the desert. Therefore, the owner of the station conducted special program: The extensive territory was bought away from the station, where about 200 rare turtles were resettled. The program cost the company on $ 22 million, which were spent on the purchase of land, hiring biologists and resettlement of unique animals. 
10. In conclusion, I would like to say that 33% of energy from alternative sources in California by 2020 is a colossal figure. Who does not know, California's GDP - 2.2 trillion dollars, which exceeds the GDP of most countries on the planet. It is even more than that of such powerful countries as Russia, Italy, India, Canada, Australia or Spain. I need a lot of energy, very much! And now in front of the real revolution of alternative energy. The media and analysts officially announced the era of alternative energy open. Solar panels Chefed and sold in ordinary city stores. According to TIME magazine every 3 minutes minimum 1 american home Goes to the energy of the Sun. Setting the panel on the roof and this dynamics grows. The government supports in every way alternative energy: interest-free loans on the panel for ordinary people, Special laws obliging purchasing alternative energy for large companies. According to the same time, 90% of new generating stations introduced into United States in 2014 are solar power plants. All this led to the fact that the amount of harmful emissions in the United States has already decreased by 17% since 2005. IVANPA SOLAR - Only one of the 7 large solar power plants just put into operation in California. Also introduced wind and geothermal. The introduction of one this station is equivalent to removal from the atmosphere of 400,000 tons of CO2 annually. And this, as if 77,000 digging atmosphere of cars immediately disappeared from the roads. This is happening today, this is a reality, it is already an ordinary modern technology.
1. Solar Star - 579 MW
Solar Star (Ass. " Sunny star") - Solar power plant with a capacity of 579 MW. Located in Curner County, California, USA. At the time of construction, June 2015, it was the largest etherstation in the world at the installed capacity (a little later in 2015, this championship passed the LongyangXia Dam power plant Solar Park in China, its capacity amounted to 850 MW).Photographs of the Solar Star power station:
Photo source: http://www.mortenson.com/solar/projects/solar-Star-I-and-II
2. Topaz Solar Farm - 550 MW
Topaz Solar Farm is a solar power plant with a capacity of 550 MW, located in San Luis Obispo, California. Functions since November 2014.
Photo source: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/topaz_solar_farm
3. DESERT SUNLIGHT SOLAR FARM - 550 MW
DESERT SUNLIGHT SOLAR FARM Solar power plant with a capacity of 550 MW, located in the desert of Sonora, California. Built in January 2015.
Photo source: http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-solar-farm-20150209-story.html
4. Copper Mountain Solar Facility - 458 MW
Copper Mountain Solar Facility Solar Power Station with a capacity of 458 MW, located in Boulder City, Nevada. Built by SEMPRA Generation in 2010.
5. Agua Caliente Solar Project - 290 MW
Agua Caliente Solar Project is a photoelectric station with a total capacity of 290 megawatt (MW). Located in the district of Yum, Arizona, USA. 
Photo source: http://www.semprarenewables.com/project/copper-mountain-solar-1/
Solar energy even at night? This is the beginning of a new era of humanity. Revolutionary Plan of California - 33% of all energy from the sun and wind after 5 years. The state continues to increase the capacity of alternative electric power to the power of alternative electric power industry trying to ensure a third of all power consumption due to the sun, wind and geysers for 2020. And here is the next megaelectric station. This is the largest worldwide solar heliotermal station. Today it is no longer experimental, but an ordinary working technology. Around the world, about 100 such stations have already been built (all over the past 5 years), on approach not less than 50, and some of them can already produce energy even at night. The new California station provides clean electricity 140,000 houses. How? Meet: Ivaypa Star Electric Systems. Let's look closer as it all arranged and what we all threaten.
2. The station of Ivanpa Star is located in the Mojave desert, in 3 hours east of Los Angeles. Its construction was carried out for about three years, cost $ 2 billion 200 million and now, finally, in the spring of 2014, it was commissioned. The station produces absolutely clean energy, without having to burn any fuel. The energy is scattered from the Sun, but the method is different from solar panels. Pay attention to the three towers surrounded by thousands of mirrors - in them the whole secret.
3. The IVANPA station does not use already familiar solar panels (photoelectric modules). Instead, they use completely ordinary mirrors, such as those hanging at us at home.
4. Each mirror module is a system of two large mirrors with a garage gate. Called such a module - heliostat. At the station of such heliostats 173 thousand.
5. All these mirrors are heliostats, reflect the sun's rays to the tops of the three tall towers in the center. Each heliostat is moving, and with the help of a computer 170 thousand heliostatov All the time turn over the sun. Thus, the sun's rays fall on the tops of the towers constantly until the sun went beyond the horizon.
6. As you already guessed, on top of the towers there are boilers with a liquid, which turns into steam from heating. Exactly the same boilers are in all CHP usually, but they are heated there when burning gas or coal. Here is only an inexhaustible energy of the Sun! By the way, the total power of the station Ivanpa Star - 392 megawatt. In order to be clear, it is quite comparable from the Middle Moscow CHP (for example, CHP-16 in the area of \u200b\u200bgood-mpphs, working on gas produces 360 megawatts).
7. The higher the tower, the more mirrors can be put around it around it. These towers are very large - high with 50 storey house ( 148 meters). At the peak of the day, the boiler can heat up to 700 degrees and even more. The couple goes down to the turbine, and rotates it - electrical energy is produced. Simply! This principle of energy generation is called heliotermal. But what happens after sunset?
8. The advantage of heliotermal power plants before ordinary solar batteries is the ability to store excess energy at the peak, which means work after sunset. If you explain simply, a part of the heated fluid is temporarily injected into special huge storage facilities, and gradually produced from there after sunset continuing to twist the turbine. The repository can ensure the operation of the turbines of such stations up to 15 hours after sunset at full power. Thus, heliotermal stations equipped with electric stands can produce energy even after sunset, and some even work around the clock. Ivanpa station has not yet has its own heat storage, but here on this video, on the example of a similar station in Spain, which is already able to store heat for the night, is explained in detail how it all works (on the moment 2 min. 50 seconds are just told about 15 An hourly energy supply in its storage).
9. An interesting feature of the construction of the station is the program guard of ecology around her. Yes, the station itself is absolutely harmless - these are conventional mirrors heating steam boiler. But its construction picked up the rare types of turtles living in the desert. Therefore, the station owner conducted a special program: the extensive territory was bought away from the station, where about 200 rare turtles were resettled. The program cost the company on $ 22 million, which were spent on the purchase of land, hiring biologists and resettlement of unique animals.
10. In conclusion, I would like to say that 33% of energy from alternative sources in California by 2020 is a colossal figure. Who does not know, California's GDP - 2.2 trillion dollars, which exceeds the GDP of most countries on the planet. It is even more than that of such powerful countries as Russia, Italy, India, Canada, Australia or Spain. I need a lot of energy, very much! And now in front of the real the revolution of alternative energy.
The media and analysts officially announced the era of alternative energy open. Solar panels have fallen sharply and sold in ordinary city stores. According to Time magazine, every 3 minutes minimum 1 American house passes to the energy of the sun By installing the panel on the roof and this dynamics grows. The government strongly supports alternative energy: interest-free loans on the panel for ordinary people, special laws obliging purchasing alternative energy for large companies.
According to the same time, 90% of new generating stations introduced into United States in 2014 are solar power plants. All this led to the fact that the amount of harmful emissions in the United States has already decreased by 17% since 2005. IVANPA SOLAR - Only one of the 7 large solar power plants just put into operation in California. Also introduced wind and geothermal. The introduction of one this station is equivalent to removal from the atmosphere of 400,000 tons of CO2 annually. And this, as if 77,000 digging atmosphere of cars immediately disappeared from the roads. This is happening today, this is a reality, it is already an ordinary modern technology.
The precious name "Topaz" gave the most powerful power plant in the world, the work of which is based on solar energy. This already known to the world of the power plant was built in Califeria (USA), on the territory of the Plain Carrizo.
A few years ago, an FSLR anniversary module was installed here, and at this time there are already 9 million high-quality solar panels.
Development of solar farm
This type of power plant is also called "solar farms". The power of the "solar" project "Topaz" is determined by the figure of 550 MW. It was started to implement this object back in 2012, and its end was planned for 2015. At the same time, a professional approach to work and successful investments made it possible to complete the construction and registration of a grand construction a little earlier. The official owner of the Midamerican Solar power plant is a subsidiary of Midamerican Renewables.
Another record can be safely called the cost part allocated to the project - almost 2, 5 billion dollars. The developers are confident that their brainchild is able to provide electrical energy of at least 160 thousand houses in California.
Choosing a place for the Power Station "Topaz"
Each detail was calculated and all related factors, including the place for the location of the solar power station - its creators chose far from randomly. The conditions of the project initially implied the presence of certain conditions, among which the main are:
- Location in the nearest surroundings of settlements.
- The presence of one or more power lines.
- Minimum negative influencewhich can have the presence of a station on environment In concrete terrain.
It is necessary to realize the moment that on the plain Carrieso, people have long been engaged in the cultivation of land and agricultural production. Therefore, the launching project was to make an alienation of a certain amount of land favorable for the cultivation. Developers justify these forced effects by the fact that land in this territory has limited fertility, not actually such a favorable region in terms of agriculture.
US plans for alternative energy
Although development projects are considered as comfortable and profitable as possible, almost each of them faces protests of various "green" organizations. But it is important to note that the land plots allocated under the stations itself, the concept of their follow-up work allows you to solve some of the environmental problems.
In the near future, the United States of America generally expects to close as much as possible to the status of the world leader on the use of environmentally friendly energy types. For this purpose, a special state program has been developed, in accordance with which in 2020 one third part of the total volume of energy produced in the country will be transferred to environmentally friendly, renewable sources.
In the United States suspended the construction of two NPPs in South Carolina. According to local media, projects are frozen due to unprofitability. Two more NPP projects are also most likely frozen in Georgia. According to scientists, the peaceful atom gradually goes into the past, giving way to renewable energy sources (renewable) - in particular, solar power plants (SES). It is expected that by 2050 the NPP will be replaced by SES everywhere, and such scary accidentAs in Chernobyl in 1986 and Fukushima in 2011, will never be repeated.
Today in the USA about 130 abandoned NPPs. Their places in the market are confidently occupied by the SES. 2016 year market solar energy In the USA increased twice. And if until 2011, solar batteries are most often used for domestic purposes, now in the construction SES means Actively invest industrialists.
The benefits of renewable revenue from the NPP recognize even the influential lobbyists of the peaceful nuclear industry. The fact is that in addition to the constant threat of a catastrophe of nuclear power plants, with subsequent damage of ecology, nuclear power has become too expensive and unprofitable.
Today, the United States occupies fifth place in the top ten countries leaders in the use of solar energy. Unfortunately, Russia is not yet in this list. Just as the United States has become pioneers in the use of shale oil and gas, they are leading and at the rate of replacement of nuclear power plants on the SES.
Today in the United States the largest solar power plants are in the states of Nevada (60 MW), California (250 MW) and Arizona (280 MW).
Currently, the closure of NPP in the United States has become massive. For example, in 2014 Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant was stopped in the Windion County not far from Springfield. The American company operator Entergy has already announced plans to close the Pilgrim nuclear power plant in Massachusetts, Palisades NPP on Lake Michigan, NPP of Indian Point 40 kilometers from New York and Fitzpatrick NPP on Ontario's coast.
The reason for the closure of NPP is simple: expensive atomic energy does not withstand competition with cheap solar energy.
On the one hand, the closure of the NPP is associated with the reduction of personnel and the need to dispose of waste. But on the other hand, thanks to SES, billions of dollars will be saved and minimized the harm to the environment.
For example, on-site and unfinished in 1981, NPPs in Tennessee operates with a capacity of 1 MW, which is about 30 years of service.
According to the media, the project for the construction of NPPs in Tennessee was frozen after the largest in history nuclear energy US accident on three-mail Island.
By the way, the accident at Trip-Mile-Island NPP became the largest accident in the history of US nuclear energy. Emergency occurred on March 28, 1979 at the second power unit station: leakage of the reactor coolant. About 50% of the active zone of the reactor melted, and the territory of the NPP was subjected to significant radioactive pollution. It is this accident long before Chernobyl and Fukushima caused a surge of anti-nuclear sentiment in American society.
As a result, the authorities were forced to cancel the commissioning of more than 70 previously planned nuclear power plants.
Today, it seems that the public concern about the danger of nuclear power plants is gradually weakening, as the world enters into the EPC and SES. And the meaning of this historical process It is difficult to overestimate.