In the Moscow Okrainian Sloboda, who was at the Tver Gate, built a wooden church in the XVI century. Previously, the place was called Putinkami. Now it is an area of \u200b\u200bpassionate boulevard and Pushkin Square. The temple was given the name of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin. The construction of the stone church was completed around 1676. At the same time, the refectory is built, and in 1690, the chapels dedicated to St. Nicholas are erected. Closer to the end of the XVIII century attach the bell tower.
History of the Assumption Temple
The first mention of Putanka refers to the XIV century. According to legend, at that time there were meadows that were called the Great. There were also two large tracts started - on Dmitrov and Tver. In the XVI century, in these places there was one of the country residences of King Vasily III. Later it is turned into a travel palace to stop ingenic ambassadors.
Presumably the name of Putin is a derivative of the word path. The fact is that the palace was necessary to get by Putinki, that is, by sparkling alleys and streets.
For the first time in the annals, the church, built of wood, is mentioned in 1621. She was called the temple of Assumption on the old Embassy courtyard, the second name is the church on Dmitrovka outside the city. In those days, she was famous for the icon with the image of the Assumption of the Virgin, producing Miro.
Construction of a stone temple
The wooden temple by the end of the XVII century was either disassembled, or he burned himself. There are no accurate documentaries on this account. . With Tsar Aleksa Mikhailovich in 1676 In place where the wooden church had previously stood, build stone. In the XVII century, in the 90s, the first mention of the construction of the temple on the north side of the church in honor of Nicholas Wonderworker appears.
The new feature was performed in the style of Moscow Baroque. The dome of the main temple tower was made in the form of an apple. It was a rather rare phenomenon, such domes in Moscow were only two. In the second half of the XVIII century, the bell tower is erected.
His name Church of the Assumption of Our Lady gave the alley on which she was. He was called Assumption. Later he was renamed passing. Closer to the end of the XVIII century, the buildings of the temple possessions is mainly formed.
In the church graveyard were built buildingsin which they are settled:
- A priest.
- Deacon.
- Dyacker.
- Women bakeing coscils.
Shrine Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God
In the temple in Putkach there are shrines, revered by parishioners. In a small sizes of the church, quite a lot of icons.
Among them are icons with the image:
Especially revered icon from Tsargrad
Especially revered Christians face icon of God's mother from Tsargrad. One of its lists (copies) is in the Assumption Church in Putkach. A legend has been preserved about this icon, which says that in distant times, two Greek monks from Tsargrad were traveling in Old Russa. There they served in the Cathedral Temple Divine Liturgy.
In memory of his finding, the monks left in this church a small icon of God's Mother of God, who was engraved on a stylist board. This miniature leak soon became famous for its wondering. After that, the lists were made from it, which to this day are stored in various temples of Russia, including in the Church of Assumption in Putkach.
Repair and destruction of the Assumption Temple
In 1898. The temple was donated to the unknown benefactor to the unknown benefactor - 6 thousand rubles. This money produced the repair of the building and the restoration of the icons. The iconostasis is re-covered with gravestone gold, and the walls were decorated with painting.
In 1922, the church is closed, in the future it is subjected to partial destruction and looting. 34 spools (145 g) of gold, 6 pounds and 5 pounds (100 kg) of silver and precious items disappear from it.
The dome of the temple and the tower of the bell tower were destroyed, and the entrance to it was laid with bricks. And also destroyed apse - buildings adjacent to the main part of the structure. The door and window struck their place. After the desecration and closure of the Church, the building for many years was used as a residential building.
Reduction of the territory and return to the Lono of the Church
Over time, the building was surrounded by extensionswhich radically changed once the volume composition of the cathedral. The territory of the temple ownership has declined very much. Squeezed the northwestern part of the territory, on which a three-storey house was built in 1927. Currently, it is located the Embassy of the African Republic of Benin.
In the second half of the twentieth century, the residential building was reset. There have been placed the sewing shop. In 1990, the temple was transferred to the Lono of the Russian Orthodox Church. After that, its restoration began. In 1991, services are renewed here.
Schedule Services
Temple in Putinkah
The temple of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Putkach is located in Moscow, in the Assumption Lane, in the house number 4. The church for visiting is open daily from 10-00 to 19-00, as well as during worship services.
Information on the schedule of services in the Assumption Church as follows:
Church of the Nativity of the Virgin in Putkach
This church, located in Putkach, is truly unique. It is the only three-grained temple building in Moscow, the appearance of which has reached our time. In 1648, the wooden temple was destroyed by fire, but on the place of the previous building, a new stone was erected according to its sample. Its uniqueness lies in befacudation, that is, from any point of review, it does not have a one-pronounced facade due to non-standard architectural solutions that were used in construction. The church of the Nativity of the Virgin is a historical monument of architecture, but at the same time the temple is in force and services are committed.
Schedule services:
- On working days, morning worships begin at 7-30.
- On Saturday, Sunday, as well as on holidays, the Divine Liturgy is held from 9-00.
- The beginning of the whole vigil vigil in - 18-00.
Mother of God's Assumption Cathedral in Moscow
Another temple of the Assumption of the Virgin in the capital located on the territory of the Kremlin, on the area that begins the name of the cathedral. It refers to the Moskovsky Kremlin's Historical and Cultural Museum. The church was built in 1475 - 1479. The development of the project was charged with the famous Italian architect Aristotle Fioravanti.
This temple was the main Cathedral of the Russian Empire until the abolition of the monarchy in 1917. Church of Assumption is the oldest structure in Moscow, which remained completely. The cathedral rests the dust of all Patriarchs of Moscow of the first patriarchal period, with the exception of Ignatia and Nikon.
First Metropolitan Temple of Stone
The first temple of the stone At this place was erected at the beginning of the XIV century, during the reign of Prince Ivan I Kalita. In the August days of 1326, in the place where the previous, wooden cathedral was stood, laid a new White Assumption Temple. He was consecrated in 1327.
The Assumption Church was the first built of stone, in Moscow. Studies of archaeologists show that it was a single church supported by four pillars having triple apse. He was built in the image of the St. George Cathedral located in the city of Yuryev-Polsky.
The church was elevated in the architectural style characteristic of the XIV century. The laying consisted of white stone coarse stone squares. It was combined with smoothly polished decorative architectural elements. The facade of the church was crowned with Kokoshniki, and the central tower was a dome.
Moscow Assumption Cathedral in the XV century
During the reign of Ivan III of the Great The Moscow State gained strength. Assumption Cathedral ceased to correspond to the status of the cathedral. In the chronicles, it is mentioned that he dilapidated himself, and he was stopped repairing. Most likely, it was decided to demolish the old and construction of a new stone temple.
The construction of a new church, the largest in size for those years, instructed the Russian architects Myshkin and Krivtsov. At the end of April 1471 laid the first stone. However, construction could not be completed to the end, since on May 20, 1474, an earthquake occurred in Moscow, and the cathedral fell.
After that, Ivan III invites the Italian architecture Aristotle Fioravati, which completely disassembles what remains of the destroyed temple. At this place under his leadership, a building based on the Assumption Cathedral located in Vladimir is built. Assumption Temple and is now in the Kremlin Square. The cathedral is sanctified in August 1479, the rite holds Metropolitan G.
Laconic architecture
The temple has a concise and monolithic appearance.. The unity of the construction is emphasized by the uniform separation of the facades with vertical flat protrusions. Smooth walls crowned narrow windows of the arcade. So called the rows of decorative false arches on the facade. Apsida (lowered projections of the building, adjacent to the main structure) are not very high. From the north and south they are covered with pylons. Pylons are a tunched building having a shape of a truncated pyramid.
Cathedral decorate five large towers crowned with massive domes. Aristotle Fioravati managed to cope with the most complex task. He increased the inner volume of the cathedral that it was not possible to make Myshkin and Krivtsov. Italian for the first time in the Temple Architecture of Russia used the Crusades with a thickness of 1 brick, as well as metallic driven and intrauterines. In fact, he applied reinforcement.
The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe Italian architecture
But the main engineering and architectural idea of \u200b\u200bthe Italian master was that he built behind the iconostasis added arches. Thanks to this, the eastern halls combined through the passages of the cathedral, in fact became monolith. Additional arches assumed a significant share of load from the colossal towers of the cathedral.
Such a reception allowed to be built in the western and central parts of the church relatively thin pillars of the round form. This gave the feeling of the unusual lightness of a large design and its integrity with the main part of the Naos. Naos is a central place in the temple, where there are parishioners during worship.
Moscow Temple in the XV - XVI centuries
Period from 1482 to 1515 years. At this time, the initial painting of the cathedral was performed. The famous Moscow icon painter and the Master of the Fresco of Dionysius participated in the painting of the temple. Later, the church is decorated again, but some fragments of primary painting are preserved. They are the most ancient samples of fresco painting Rus on the territory of the Kremlin, which have come to this day.
1574 year. Assumption Cathedral suffered from numerous fires that took place at that time quite often, but it was constantly restored and updated. After a strong fire, which happened in 1574, Ivan I. V. Grozny issued a decree on covering the top of the cathedral with the moor of copper sheets. The relics of Metropolitan Peter, stored in the temple, were moved from silver cancer in gold. In the same year, a wedding is committed in the Cathedral to the kingdom of John Grozny, the first in the history of the temple.
Assumption Cathedral in the XVII century
The most significant for the temple events in the XVII century were the following:
- In 1613, the Zemsky Cathedral is held in here, at which Mikhail Fedorovich, the first of the Romanov dynasty, is elected.
- In the 1624th, the cords of the church were worn and threatened with the collapse. To avoid this, they were dismantled and re-lay down on a changed drawing, applying additional reinforcement. Also elevated additional binding arches, which increased the strength of the structure.
- In the 1625th in the Assumption Cathedral, the Lord is transferred to Roma, presented by the king Mikhail Fedorovich Shah Persia Abbas I.
Events of the XVIII - XX centuries associated with the Assumption Temple
A brief chronicle of the events of this time looks like this:
Currently, the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary works as a museum. It can be visited on any day, except for Thursday, from 10-00 to 18-00.
Being in Moscow, it is worth a visit to such architectural pearls of architecture of ancient Russia, as churches dedicated to Christmas and the Assumption of Our Lady.
In the center of Moscow in the Assumption Lane there is a temple of the Assumption of God's Mother. People come here to pray not only to the Lord and the Blessed Virgin Mary, but also the Holy Peter and Fevronia. Parishioners, local know where the shrine is located. You can ask you: "Tell me, in Putkach how to pass?"
Below is the necessary information for those who would like to pray, and not only.
How to find a temple?
If you are going on the subway, then go to one of the following stations:
- "Pushkinskaya".
- "Chekhovskaya".
- "Tverskaya".
The closest, in the opinion of those who often happen in these parts, will be the station "Pushkin" ("Lilac branch"). Coming out of the subway, turn left. And then you need to turn left yet. So you will overtake the building. Before you will be the entrance to the Izvestia Publishing House. Go past him. On the right across the road to see the Pushkinsky cinema. But you will need to go through the road only once - at the intersection with the traffic light. Look to the left, you will be the street. Small dmitrovka. Go through it until the cinema "Lenk" is passing. Continue to go to the intersection, where there is an intersection of a small dmitting with the Assumption Lane, then turn right. Go around 100 meters, and in your greatst will be the temple of the Assumption of the Virgin in Putkach. His address is Assumption Lane, house 4.
How to behave
To all Orthodox churches and monasteries are laid only in closed clothes:
- women: in skirts below the knees, blouses or closed dresses, scarves / jams and without cosmetics;
- men: in pants, shirts, t-shirts, boots;
- it is forbidden to visit the temple in indiscreet clothes, slippers.
All these comments concerned the appearance. And now we turn to the spiritual side of the question:
- it is impossible to talk loudly about outsiders;
- try to pray to the Lord, and not think about something worldly;
- holding a candle, be sure to pray.
The temple of Assumption in Putanka is open to all who are looking for prayer assistance from God, his mother and saints. Tihonechko approach each icon, read who is depicted, mentally pray for health and salvation.
Shrine
In the temple there are several revered icons with particles of power of saints:
- Alexy, man of God.
- Saint Luka War Yarenetsky.
- Saint Panteleimon.
- Holy Princes Peter and Fevronia.
In the last three icons regularly read akathist, prayer is performed. Anyone can join the praying. In the temple of Assumption in Putinki, they are sometimes brought from other cities and countries the miraculous icons and put in a prominent place so that everyone noticed and can come up, attach and pray.
Schedule Services
On weekdays and on Saturday, Liturgy can be arrived by 7.30. It is desirable early to quietly file notes, put candles, find a free space for prayer.
On Sunday, liturgy begins at 8.30.
All-night vigil, prayers with akathist almost always start at 17.00 on any day.
Let's stop more on prayers:
- holy princes Peter and Fevronia - on Sundays;
- on Fridays - St. Luke;
- on Tuesdays and Thursdays - another saints.
A good deed - in the evening on weekdays after work or study to visit the temple of Assumption in Putkach. Schedule worships are compiled so that the service does not end too late in the evening. And in the morning - in order to go to work and on other affairs.
Prayer Peter and Fevronia
If on Monday there is no big church holiday, then on Sunday at 17.00 they serve Prayer Saint Peter and Fevronia with reading akathist. At that moment, the temple of Assumption in Putinkam, as a rule, is filled with parishioners - young people who want to create a family.
If you are looking for a soul mate, you wish to create a strong family, want to ask for protection from the saints to your family, then come to the prayer. In the focus on the rack, write a note about health and marked "Prayer and Akathist SVV. Peter and Fevronia "(SVV. - Adopted reduction when mentioned two and more saints). Take a note to the candle. Prayer is 50 rubles.
Typically serves the prayer for the good and wise father Father Alexy (Gomon). At the end, he says a long, but very interesting sermon specifically for looking for a satellite life and family pairs. It is very useful to listen to everyone.
Tea party after prayer
At the end of the prayer, tea drinking with concerts, speeches, congratulations are often arranged. Due to the high activity of the President of the club Catherine Thunder, many parishioners found a couple of themselves and successfully created a family.
On Sunday evening, the temple of Assumption in Putanka is becoming a meeting place for future spouses, among interests, assistants. After all, each person is offered not only to drink tea, but also begin together, which will help you know each other closer.
So we studied the temple of the Assumption of the Virgin in Putkach: schedule, location, events, shrines. Be sure to come to this fertile place for prayer!
In the historical center of the Russian capital, not far from the famous theater named after Leninsky Komsomol is the beautiful church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. It is one of the few Moscow temples that retained their original appearance until modern time.
History buildings
The history of the temple in Putkach has almost four hundred years. Modern walls survived several historical eras unchanged.
Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Putkach
The base of the temple
The wooden temple dedicated to Christmas of the Virgin appeared at the Tver Gate of the White Cities of Moscow at the beginning of the XVII century. In the historical chronicles of this time, he is called the Church located "at the Embassy of the courtyard in Putinki". Specialists lead several versions of the appearance of this name:
- The church farm is located near the traveling guest palace, where European ambassadors arrived and travelers on the way to the capital of the Russian state.
- The goal began roads leading to different northern towns of Russia, that is, the church was located at the crossroads.
- The third version reflects the features of the urban design of the historical part of the main Russian city, cut through the many streets and alleys, which form the similarity of the giant web.
The wooden church, crowned with three tents, burned down in a large Moscow fire of 1648. A year later, the construction of a stone cathedral began in her place, most of the funds on which was allocated from the state treasury. In 1652, the construction of the church was completed. She was consecrated in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin.
Royal time
The church of the Nativity of the Virgin, located in Putkach, is the last Russian tent religious building. A year after his consecration, the Patriarch Nikon banned the construction of church construction in tents style. At the end of the XVII century, the appearance of the farrow Tyron and the refectory were decorated in the Baroque style. At the same time, built a wagon, from which the move was on the bell tower.
The western porch, topped with a tent, similar to style on the main spiers, was built in 1864. In pristine form to this day, it has not been preserved. At the end of the XIX century, the first restoration of the Christmas temple in Putkach was performed.
Temple of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Putkach, 1881.
Interestingly: believers say that the church building survived in all shocks and fires due to the intercession of Our Lady. The temple was not injured during the capture of Moscow by the French, although all the estates around his estates were looted and burned.
After the Bolshevik revolution, the church was not closed immediately. In the late 20s, the brotherhood of the closed high-Petrovsky monastery settled in it. The doors of God's house for parishioners were closed in 1939. In the building placed office premises, and later they gave under the rehearsal room of the Circus on stage. Animal rehearsals were held here.
In the late 1950s, the second restoration was held, which touched only the appearance of the building. In particular, the Western porch of the XIX century was dismantled. It was replaced by tent construction, close to the style of the XVII century buildings. This work was recognized as a sample of the scientific restoration, which allowed to preserve the ancient unique building in prior coordinated form.
Interesting: The church, which is considered today the monument of the architecture of the federal significance, wanted to destroy in the Soviet years. According to the legend, the subsection was appointed on June 22, 1941. For obvious reasons, the event was canceled. So the war did not give the Soviet power to make a fatal mistake.
Modernity
The temple returned the Orthodox Church in 1990. He received the status of the Patriarch Foreign. The first modern abbot of the church was Hegumen Seraphim. After his tragic death, the parish was headed by Archpriests Theodore Batharchukov, who is the abbot of the temple of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Putkach to today.
Interior decoration of the church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Putkach
By the time the building was returned to the Moscow Patriarchate, the interior decoration was almost completely lost. The church was restored to charitable funds, great assistance in collecting the famous actor Alexander Gabriovich Abdulov.
Architecture and interior decoration
To date, the church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is completely restored. Its external and interior decoration corresponds to the initial design of the XVII century. The unique architectural monument of the XVII century is made in the style of a Russian pattern, a distinctive feature of which is to use a variety of decorative parts.
The central part of the temple is elderly from the south to the north of the Chetserik, crowned with three tents, performing a decorative function. The same tents are decorated with the northern chapel, dedicated to the icon "Nealable Cupina", the patterned bell tower and the western porch. The walls of the church are decorated with numerous decorative details. The declaration of later attacks to the building is somewhat different from its main part. It is made in the style of early Moscow Baroque.
The inner design of the church in Soviet times has not been practically preserved. The only authentic element is the painting of the central column, depicting the revered Orthodox saints. The walls of the temple are decorated with new and renovated icons and painting.
Interior of the Temple of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Putkach
Among the shrines located in the temple, the following images are distinguished:
- the icon of the Mother of God "All Communion" helps oncological patients;
- icon of the Mother of God "Nealal Cupina", protecting against fires.
Temple work schedule
The church of the Nativity of the Virgin is located in Moscow at the address: Small Dmitrovka Street, possession 4. Its doors are open daily from eight in the morning to eight in the evening. Services are held on weekends and festive days at 9 and 17 hours. Orthodox rituals are held in the temple, the Sunday School works, the Orthodox doctors are receiving. In addition, the servants of the temple have support for disadvantaged children, orphans and prisoners.
Tip: On weekdays, the Church visits little people, so the excursion trip should be planned on working days. This will allow you to quietly enjoy the inner decoration of the temple, feel his spirituality.
How to get
The church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is located in the historical part of Moscow. You can get to it by terrestrial transport and on the subway.
On the subway it is necessary to drive to the stations of the following metro:
- Tverskaya (green branch);
- Pushkinskaya (blue branch);
- Chekhovskaya (gray branch).
Having reached the cinema "Pushkinsky", you must turn left. A few minutes later, a beautiful white building will seem.
Before stopping the ground vehicle, Pushkin Square can be reached by buses No. N1 and A. Two minutes walk from her, the Christmas Church is located.
The church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Putkach is a beautiful monument of Russian architecture, which is a bright example of tent style that dominates in Russian architecture until the end of the XVII century. It will be interesting not only truly believing Orthodox people, but also lovers of Russian history.
Temple in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Putkach
The name of the Pathetic terrain, as researchers suggest, has happened from the word "path". In the travel courtyard, it was necessary to call the curves streets and alleys - by Putkami.
The first mention of the temple in this place is dated 1621. Like many temples of that time, he was originally wooden and called "Assumption that at the Old Embassy courtyard" and "on Dmitrovka outside the city." Since the outbound settlement of Putin was in Moscow at the Tver Gate of the White City. Now in this place Pushkin Square and passionate boulevard. And then from the walls of the White City, built by Fyodor Kone, began two broad paths on Tver and Dmitrov.
The church erected at this place already in those years was famous for the peaceful icon of the Assumption of the Virgin.
In 1676, at the Tsar, Alexei Mikhailovic at the site of a wooden temple was built a five-winged stone church of a cubic form with a mountain of cososhnikov of a coster form, characteristic of the Moscow architecture of the time. With a large probability, the external decor of the temple was performed in the best traditions of the "Russian Pattern". Then the refectory was also built.
By 1690, the first mention of the chassion attached to the temple on the northern side is already in the traditions of the Moscow Baroque. The snag was represented from himself a low eight of the fourthics with a faceted dome and a faceted drum on it. The chapel was consecrated in the name of St. Nicholas. Now - the presence of St. Sergius of Radonezh. The drum ended with rare beauty by the master in the shape of an apple.
In the second quarter of the XVIII century. A bell tower was erected, a little unusual forms for Moscow. In the four, there were two tiers of octagues of the same size, and not decreasing. It turned out the image of the tower bell tower in the form of "candles", characteristic of Yaroslavl architecture. The bell tower ended with a small faceted drum and a little master.
The alley, which was published by the temple, was called Uspensky, instead of the former, named passing. At the end of the XVIII century. The territory of the temple is becoming other buildings.
The temple was painted, the floor was posted by stone slabs, some of which was preserved to our time. The walls remained small windows with a native adhesive lattice "Khreshchaty" forms, the links of which were combined with clamps, and it was attached to the walls with the help of special "tail-shaped" holders scored in the window opening.
In 1922, the temple was closed, looted and partially destroyed. Five heads of the temple and head of the bell tower were demolished, destroyed apses. The temple building was used as a residential building. In the second half of the 20th century, the tenants were unlocked, and the sewing shop of the All-Russian house of models was located in the building.
In 1995, the temple was returned to believers. The first abbot of the temple after return was Archpriest Gleb Afanasyev (Father Gleb). For the restoration of the temple from the "abundance abundance" to today's sprayed species went over twenty years. The latter paintings were completed in 2016 the platbands were restored, a beautiful fence was recreated, the head of the temple was covered with glazed ceramic lempec, the iconostasis was installed and much more. Special beauty of the temple is attached to the headless crosses of amazing openwork work in the traditions of the XVII century. And, despite the fact that the territory of the temple has significantly decreased due to the surrounding buildings, it looks like a temple pearl of Moscow architecture.