FROM A PRIVATE INFANTRY TO A STAFF OFFICER I, Cherginets Boris Nikolaevich, was born on January 17, 1915 in the village of Korenetskoye, Dmitrovsky district, Chernihiv region, in a large family of a middle peasant. In addition to me, there were three more brothers in the family - Alexander, Evgeny, Nikolai and sister Varvara. In order to feed such a large family, parents had to work from early dawn until sunset in the field, grow crops of grain, vegetables and maintain a home garden, considerable at that time. The main breadwinner of the family was Nikolai Ivanovich Cherginets, born in 1894, my father. The male line of the Cherginets clan goes to the registered Cossacks of the Chernihiv regiment. The parents of my mother, Maria Yakovlevna, Semeshko Yakov Fedorovich and Neonila Vasilievna, also provided considerable assistance to the young family. They had a farm with a house, a garden, a lake, their own land, and they lived prosperously. Our parents, grandparents lived at a time when it was highly desirable to have a proletarian origin. This was to some extent a guarantee of security and promotion for their children. In the Semeshko family, besides my mother, there were two more daughters: - Anna and Olga, and two sons: - Seraphim and Vladimir. Their fate was different: The eldest daughter Maria married Nikolai Ivanovich - my parents. During the period of the struggle against the kulaks, the family of Anna Yakovlevna was exiled beyond the Urals, and Olga Yakovlevna worked as a housekeeper for wealthy people. Vladimir Yakovlevich managed to leave the places of settlement in the Donbass, where he worked as a miner. Serafim Yakovlevich graduated from the gymnasium in Chernigov, and then, after graduating from the agricultural institute, was sent to the village. Vorontsovka, Voronezh region. There he worked as an agronomist and taught agriculture at school, then there was such a subject. Themselves, Yakov Fedorovich and Neonila Vasilievna, my maternal grandparents, after the October Revolution of 1917, the new government was expelled from their own home and they huddled in a hut in the garden. The son, Serafim Yakovlevich, managed to take them to his village. Vorontsovka. In their family, they lived out their lives. Grandmother died in 1939, and grandfather lived for another three years and died in 1942. The young Cherginets family has been engaged in agriculture since pre-revolutionary times. Father was a real hard worker - a plowman, what else to look for. After the Great October Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War, the head of the family had the opportunity to enjoy hard peasant labor for the benefit of his family. Working tirelessly, but already on their own land, together with his wife Maria Yakovlevna, the well-being of the family was slowly, gradually improving. Two cows appeared on the farm, a bird, and most importantly, for the farmer to cultivate the land, this is a horse. There were two of them on the farm. So day after day they worked to feed, clothe and put their children on their feet: men in the field, and mother and daughter on the household plot. Gradually, the family got out of need, although small, but earned by their own labor money, so necessary for the home and household, appeared, they began to live more prosperously. And everything would be fine, but collectivization in agriculture began. Relocation of the whole Cherginets family to the village. Bogolyubovka of the Pyatikhatsky district of the Dnepropetrovsk region and joining the collective farm did not save my father from dispossession. Along with the kulak farms, the farms of the middle peasants also fell under the millstones of the beginning process of the formation of collective farms. The father was convicted and exiled to the Kola Peninsula, where he fell ill and died in 1936. It was a terrible blow to the family. After the family lost its main breadwinner, the whole burden of peasant labor fell on the shoulders of mother Maria Yakovlevna and my older brother Alexander, born in 1913. He worked as a road foreman of the Pyatikhat district road department of the Dnepropetrovsk region. After graduating from high school, in order to somehow alleviate the financial situation in the family and “get on my feet” faster, I left to look for work in Belarus. He began his career in April 1932 in the Bobruisk region as an accountant at the Doinichevo state farm. He quickly mastered his specialty and successfully coped with his work. A year later, the board of the state farm appoints me to the position of assistant accountant at the Doinichsky alcohol plant, where I worked until April 1935. Over time, with a promotion, I moved to the position of an accountant at the Kavchersky alcohol plant in the Starodorozhsky district - now the Minsk region, and then to the position of deputy chief accountant of the Chashniksky alcohol plant in the same area. Having worked there until August 1938, I went to enter a higher educational institution in Moscow - the G.V. Plekhanov Moscow Planning and Economic Institute for the evening department. At the same time, he got a job as a senior accountant of assembly sections at plant No. 1 of the people's commissariat of the aviation industry and the Izolit plant of the Soyuz Prommekhanizatsiya trust, Moscow. The exact sciences were easy for me from school, so I studied without much difficulty and with pleasure. I lived with my uncle, which was also quite important from a material point of view for the capital. He did not forget to send part of the money he earned home to his mother. Here, at my uncle's, I met my future wife Zinaida Yakovlevna Maksimovich. My brother Eugene, born in 1919, at the age of 15 had to leave school and look for work so as not to be a burden on the family. Not everywhere welcomed the work of underage children, and even more so those whose parents were repressed. And only after a long search in October 1936, he got a job as a mechanic at the Pyatikhatsky railway depot of the Pyatikhatki railway station, where he actually worked until being drafted into the ranks of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army in October 1939. Serve Red Army soldier Cherginets E.N. got into the 656th rifle regiment of the 116th rifle division stationed at that time in the city of Nikolaev. After the first year of study at the institute, Zinaida and I signed, and in 1939, after graduating from the second year of the institute, we had to leave our studies. Some time later in our family, in 1940, a son was born, whom we named Vasily. In March 1941, I got a higher-paid job at a numbered plant of the People's Commissariat for Armaments as the chief accountant of the construction and assembly section at plant No. 367. In this pre-war year, the plant produced new models of automatic weapons for rifle units, and the Order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR on the procedure for providing citizens with armor and deferrals from conscription into the Red Army extended to production workers. I worked at the plant until January 1, 1942. My sister Varvara, born in 1923, after graduating from high school, entered the teacher's course in Dnepropetrovsk. At the end of the course, in the spring of 1941, she got a job at an incomplete secondary school with. Bogolyubovka, Pyatikhatsky district, where she worked until the start of the war. On June 22, 1941, the war unleashed by German fascism interrupted the peaceful life of the Soviet country. On the same day, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR by its decree announced the mobilization of those liable for military service from 1905 to 1918 inclusive on the territory of the Leningrad, Baltic Special, Western Special, Kiev Special, Odessa, Kharkov, Oryol, Moscow, Arkhangelsk, Ural, Siberian Privolzhsky, North- Caucasian and Transcaucasian military districts. June 23 was appointed as the first day of mobilization. With the outbreak of the war, the military commissariats organized and timely summoned accountants to issue and distribute notices, those liable for military service in the first stages. In the first days of the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, my older brother, Alexander Nikolaevich Cherginets, was also mobilized into the Red Army. Alexander did not have a chance to fight for long - shortly after mobilization in 1941, he died at the front. A significant number of conscripts were weeded out for moral and political reasons and nationality, and the children of kulaks, dispossessed, administratively exiled or repressed by the NKVD were not called up. The mass conscription of 1941 almost immediately exhausted the country's mobilization resources. At the beginning of July 1941, my brother, Eugene, had already fought in a machine gun company of the 3rd battalion of the 656th joint venture of the 116th SD as part of the 26th army of the Southwestern Front, which was conducting active offensive operations against the enemy’s mobile units of infantry and tanks stretched out on a wide front from the south and with its successful counterattacks played a big role in the defense of Kyiv. Then the 116th Rifle Division, in which the brother fought, was transferred to the 38th Army. At the end of August, the main content of the battles of the 38th Army was the struggle in small detachments against German detachments trying to infiltrate and settle on the numerous islands that were on the Dnieper. In the battles for the island of Krolevets, my brother Zhenya, a senior anti-aircraft machine-gun crew, was seriously wounded - a blind shrapnel wound in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe left shoulder blade - was evacuated and until January 1942 was treated in an evacuation hospital in the city of Essentuki. After the hospital, he lived with his uncle Semeshko S.Ya. for about two years, he could not go to his mother in Ukraine, she was captured by the Germans. Zhenya was wounded in the arm and leg by an exploding mine, a sapper shovel attached to his side saved his life. But the fragments were near the heart, it was impossible to operate on them, it was dangerous. When Zhenya got stronger, he got tired of sitting at home, and he asked his uncle to take him to school as a military instructor. My mother, my youngest brother Nikolai, sister Varvara, wife and daughters of Alexander could not be evacuated and lived in the territory temporarily occupied by the enemy in the village. Bogolyubovka, Dnepropetrovsk region. They survived at the expense of the backyard garden and the mother's insignificant part-time job sewing summer clothes for the women of the village. The catastrophic losses suffered by the Red Army in the summer-autumn campaign of 1941, the colossal loss of trained personnel who disappeared in Belarus, the Vyazemsky and Kiev "bags", the breakthrough of the German army to Moscow forced the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command to find new ways to replenish the army infantry carrying the heaviest human losses. In the conditions of a huge shortage of ordinary, junior and middle command personnel in the active army, with the outbreak of war, the State Defense Committee decided to deploy a broad volunteer movement across the country to join the Red Army on October 14, 1941. GKO decree No. 796ss “On the formation of rifle brigades” was issued, which ordered to form 50 cadet rifle brigades (No. 11-60) in internal military districts by October 28, 1941. Emphasizing the special importance of the appointment of these units, the NPO recommended that decisive measures be taken to fully ensure the quantitative and qualitative composition of the brigades. The resolution was adopted in those days when, after the Vyazma catastrophe, the Western Front of the active army practically ceased to exist, and the path to Moscow was open to Wehrmacht motorized formations. The commanders and employees of the military commissariats responsible for the formation had one question: from whom to form new units? It was ordered to call everyone from 1898 to 1923. birth included. That is, they “raked out” the last ones fit for military service, from 18-year-old green conscripts to 45-year-old “elderly uncles”. On January 1, 1942, I was drafted into the Red Army by the Oktyabrsky District Military Commissariat of Moscow. Having a secondary education and two years of study at the institute, which was rare then, I was immediately sent as a cadet to the regimental school for junior commanders of the 108th reserve rifle regiment. Upon completion of the accelerated course, I was sent to the 106th Separate Rifle Brigade, which was being formed by the Moscow Military District in the city of Pavlovo on the Oka River, commanded at that time by Colonel Yudkevich Ya.Yu. - Battalion Commander Bardin. At that time, news from the front was pleasing: the Germans were defeated near Moscow, the Red Army was driving them to the west, Kaluga, Volokolamsk, Mozhaisk, Kalinin were liberated. The consciousness of the fighters of the brigade was great, their fighting spirit was high. We were engaged in an extended program, from early morning until late in the evening, we also took the night hours. Particular attention was paid to the interaction of units, shooting, fighting tanks. In the spring, the brigade was ready to be sent to the front and had been waiting for an order for a month, being in the reserve of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command. On May 3, 1942, the brigade commander received an order in which the brigade was instructed to “immediately plunge into echelons and leave for the Bryansk Front. The place of deployment is 25-30 kilometers southeast of the city of Belev. Already in the process of redeployment, the brigade showed high organization. The first echelon departed from the station literally four hours after the order was delivered, and by evening the whole brigade was already on its way. Even on the road, the brigade command knew that the troops of the Southwestern Front had launched an offensive, inflicting converging blows on Kharkov from the Barvenkovsky ledge - Volchansk area in order to capture the city and surround the Nazi troops located in this area. Having unloaded in Belev, the brigade advanced on foot to the deployment area. She was placed at the disposal of the commander of the 61st Army. This army was part of the Bryansk Front and took up defense in a strip of about 80 kilometers, facing the front to the southwest. She was opposed by the German 2nd Panzer Army, located on the right flank of the Center group and holding the city of Bolkhov. For some time the brigade was in the army reserve. Army Commander Lieutenant General M.M. Popov advanced the brigade to the Zubkovo-Budogishchi line, setting the task - "to take up defense and prevent the enemy from breaking through on the Bolkhov-Belev highway." It was at this line of defense that the personnel of the 106th Special Rifle Brigade, and with them I, received a baptism of fire. For several days, German troops tried to break through and break through the defenses in the brigade's sector, up to 4-7 enemy attacks per day had to be repulsed by the brigade's battalions in different sectors of the defense, but all to no avail. Contrary to the assumptions of the brigade command, the Germans, after unsuccessful attempts to break through the defenses and the losses incurred in the process, do not weaken, but increase the strength of their strikes. According to intelligence, a fresh tank division was deployed against the brigade. The brigade also lost half of the guns, half, if not more, of the personnel and two-thirds of the attached tanks in the battles. The brigade suffered considerable losses and yet stood rooted to the spot! In July 1942, according to the order of the Army Commander, the hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant Colonel I.N. Moshlyak, took command of the brigade. On July 31, 1942, the Commander of the Bryansk Front, in accordance with the order of the headquarters of the Supreme High Command “On the withdrawal of rifle divisions to the reserve of the Bryansk Front”, was withdrawn to the Ranenburg region by 08/12/1942 to restore and resupply the 106th Specialized Brigade. The brigade was replenished with equipment, weapons, people. Basically, these were young guys born in 1924-1925, who had undergone a short training in reserve regiments and did not sniff gunpowder. They still had to be taught and taught, and experienced junior commanders were not enough. By this time, I had changes in my service - I was appointed to the position of head of office work - treasurer of the Separate Rifle Battalion of the 106th Special Rifle Brigade. Literally at the end of the month, 08/30/1942, the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command by order signed by the Deputy Supreme Commander G. K. Zhukova, Commander of the Bryansk Front and Commander of the Voronezh Front, determined the composition of the transferred units of the 38th Army to the Voronezh Front until 09/02/1942, established demarcations between the Bryansk and Voronezh Fronts and obliged the Commander of the Bryansk Front in the Dolgorukovo area to have 106 OSBR to ensure the junction of the front. The brigade held its positions until the beginning of November. In November, the command brought her to the reserve of the Voronezh Front for rest and replenishment. According to the directive of the General Staff of November 9, 1942 to the commander of the troops of the Voronezh Front on strengthening the front, the 106th rifle brigade: “... Withdrawn for resupply from the Bryansk Front. It has 3514 personnel, 471 horses, 64 cars, 184 carts, and 44 carts are on the way. Armed. Combat training for a 2-month program began on September 22, 1942; conducting battalion exercises. In order for the brigade to be ready for combat operations, additional time is needed to hammer together. According to the same directive, the brigade was to arrive at the Voronezh Front on the following dates: loading - 14.11, art. Yelets, total 6 echelons, pace - 9, unloading - st. Buturlinovka-(head-17.11, tail-19.11). At the end of November 1942, it became known that the advancing troops of the Don and Stalingrad fronts met in the Kalach region, closed the encirclement ring, in which 22 German divisions led by Field Marshal Paulus found themselves. Meanwhile, during the preparations for Operation Saturn, to defeat the encircled group of German troops, it turned out that the Hitlerite command had concentrated large forces southwest of Stalingrad in order to break through the encirclement front to Paulus's army. It was assumed that part of these tank troops would pass to the Don, in the direction of Stalingrad, through the village. Vorontsovka, Voronezh region, and therefore the entire population of the village was evacuated to the neighboring Buturlinovsky district in the village. Klepovka. At that time, the command post of the Voronezh Front was also located near the city of Buturlinovka, at the disposal of which on November 19, 1942, the 106th Specialized Rifle Brigade arrived. My brother Eugene found out that the regiment in which I fought was somewhere nearby. Zhenya came to me, helped me to do some (I don’t remember now) work assigned by the headquarters. We worked with him all night, and the commander let me go for a day to my uncle in a neighboring village, where the Semeshko family, and Zhenya with them, were evacuated. Here are such pleasant events as meeting with relatives, relatives, sometimes happened in the war! With the onset of 1943, the 106th Specialized Rifle Brigade as part of the 6th Army was transferred to the Southwestern Front, in the Kantemirovka area. In mid-January, the Voronezh and the northern wing of the Southwestern Front, as part of the 6th and 1st Guards armies, went on the offensive. At the time of the offensive, I had already been appointed to the post of commander of the submachine gunners' section of the 2nd separate battalion of the 106th OSBR and I was awarded the military rank of senior sergeant. For 10 days of the offensive, our troops advanced 125 kilometers and took up defenses north of Svatov. We didn't sit on the defensive. The rear had not yet managed to catch up, when on the morning of January 29 the 6th Army again struck at the enemy and broke through his front. The purpose of the offensive is the liberation of Donbass. In offensive battles, I also distinguished myself - the commander of the submachine gunners' squad of 2 OSB 106 OSBr. In the battle on February 4, 1943, near the village of Gorohovatka, Borovsky District, while combing the outskirts of the village, a group of machine gunners led by me was suddenly attacked by German soldiers numbering up to 25 people. We were not at a loss and quickly adopting a battle order, we took an unequal battle. With skillful maneuver and courage, we, with a handful of fighters, put the Germans to flight, destroying 11 fascists in the process. For this, I was presented with the medal "FOR COURAGE". During the retreat, the enemy regrouped troops and prepared the ground for a counterattack on the right flank of the 6th Army. Weakened in previous battles, the troops of the Red Army continued their offensive in the South and Southwest. Due to the destruction of roads, the backlog of the rear reached 300 km, the troops had 0.3-0.35 ammunition and 0.5-0.75 fuel refills. On the night of February 20, the enemy struck at the right flank of the 6th Army. The rifle divisions put up fierce resistance, as a result of which the Germans failed to cut through the front of the 4th rifle corps, which retained its battle order. Under enemy attacks, the rifle corps retreated to the area north of Pavlograd. It took the enemy 2 days to overcome 60 km to Pavlograd. On February 25, enemy tank corps joined in Pavlograd. The 25th tank corps, separated from the main forces of the 6th Army by 100 km, and the 106th Specialized Rifle Brigade were cut off 25 km north of Zaporozhye and on the north-eastern outskirts of Dnepropetrovsk, respectively. On February 27, the 3rd Panzer Army of the Voronezh Front launched a counterattack on the flank of a group of enemy troops pursuing the retreating units of the 6th Army, which did not allow the Germans to create a second pocket. The Russian units retreating across the flat terrain suffered heavy losses. The 25th Panzer Corps could not break out of the encirclement and was destroyed. The 106th OSBR, which did not come under direct attack, advanced after the German tank divisions, passed Pereshchepino, Sakhnovshchina, Krasnopolskoye, Kochichevka, Alekseevskoye, and in March broke through the front line south of Chuguev, consisting of 5627 people (127 wounded), almost completely preserving the materiel, equipment and weapons. 106 OSBR, when leaving the battles in late February and early March, 1943, was in difficult conditions, they even had to destroy the nominal lists of personnel. Having left the encirclement in March 1943, the 106th Special Rifle Brigade was disbanded and the 228th Rifle Division of the 3rd Formation was formed on its basis. As the most prepared, who proved himself in battles and was slightly wounded in the right leg - having combat experience and appropriate education, in June 1943 I was appointed to the post of clerk of the 4th department of the headquarters of the emerging 228th SD. The commander of the 228 SD of the 3rd formation was Guards Colonel Kulikov P.G. The chief of staff of the division, Lieutenant Colonel Okhlabystin, seeing that I have successfully mastered the new position and cope with my functional duties in recruiting, and there are not enough junior officers, is preparing documents for the appointment of me to temporarily fulfill the vacant officer position of assistant chief of the 4th division of the division headquarters. On June 25, 1943, the 228th Rifle Division was included in the active army and sent to the 6th Army of the Southwestern Front. On July 8, 1943, by order of the commander of the 6th Army No. 0389 to me, art. sergeant Cherginets B.N., is assigned the military rank - junior lieutenant of the administrative service. On September 1, 1943, the 228th Rifle Division was transferred to the 1st Guards Army, and it, as part of the 34th Rifle Corps, took part in the liberation of the left-bank Ukraine. By the end of October 1943, the Soviet troops completely liberated the Dnepropetrovsk region from the Nazi invaders. Over time, the post office resumed work in the liberated settlements of the region and I had the opportunity to send letters written earlier home, to my homeland - to find my relatives and friends: my mother, sister and brother. By the end of 1943, the long-awaited response to the sent letters arrived. But after reading the letter, the initial joy vanished from my face. The sad news was reported in a letter - brother Alexander died at the front, was drafted into the Red Army, and in November 1943 the youngest brother, Nikolai, born in 1926, was sent to the front, and Yevgeny, after being cured, was sent by the military registration and enlistment office to study at the military school in Moscow. Morshansk, Tambov region. On October 20, 1943, by order of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command dated 10/16/43, by renaming the Steppe Front, the 2nd Ukrainian Front was created. The 228th Rifle Division, as part of the 57th Rifle Corps of the 37th Army, continued its combat path to the west already on this front. In October - December 1943, the troops of the front fought to expand the bridgehead on the Dnieper from Kremenchug to Dnepropetrovsk, reached Kirovograd and Krivoy Rog. In March 1944, the 228th Rifle Division took part in the liberation of the Voznesensky District and the city of Voznesensk. In the Nazi defense, the city of Voznesensk was declared a "fortress", which must be held even in the event of an encirclement. For successful battles on the territory of the Voznesensky district, 228 SD of the 37th Army received the honorary name "Voznesenskaya". On February 1, 1944, the 37th Army, and with it, respectively, our 228th Rifle Division as part of the 57th SC, becomes subordinate to the commander of the 3rd Ukrainian Front. At the division headquarters, I was in charge of the staffing of sergeants and privates, accounting and reporting on it. By this time, he had studied the work entrusted to me, knew it perfectly, and was conscientious about the fulfillment of the instructions given to me. He also knew well the work of the 4th branch of the division headquarters. By direct visits to units and regiments of the 228th Ascension Rifle Division, he systematically helped local employees in charge of accounting and reporting. From a letter from my mother, I learned about the death of the youngest brother Nikolai, who was killed on January 18, 1944 in the battles near Korsun Shevchenkovskiy. From July 1, 1944, 228 SD as part of 57SK are transferred to front-line subordination of the 2nd Ukrainian Front, where it was until September, and from September 1944 it became part of the 53rd Army of the same front, which it was until the end of World War II. By order of the commander of the 2nd Ukrainian Front No. 0520 dated 19.09. 1944 to me, ml. Lieutenant Cherginets B.N., is assigned the next military rank - lieutenant of the administrative service of the headquarters of the 228th SD. By the end of September 1944, units of the 53rd Army reached the Romanian-Hungarian border northwest and west of the city of Arad. In October, during the Debrecen operation (October 6-28), the army acted in the direction of the main attack of the front troops. In cooperation with the 1st Guards Cavalry-Mechanized Group, its troops broke through the enemy's main line of defense, advanced almost 100 km, reached the Tisza River in the area of ​​​​the city of Polgar and south-west of the city. During the Budapest strategic operation (October 29, 1944) - February 13, 1945) the army crossed the Tisa River north of Abadsalok on November 7-10, 1944 and, developing the offensive, the forces of the 110th Guards Rifle Division, in cooperation with the 3rd Guards Airborne Division of the 27th Army, captured the city of Eger (November 30). Then her troops advanced on Sechen and Luchenets. By the end of February 1945, they reached the Hron River in the Zvolen, Tekov sector, where they went on the defensive. During the offensive operations, I, with a group of staff officers, went to the battle formations of the advancing units in the areas of the village of Opochka, the city of Mako, the Lord's Court, Rakosi, Magyarchanad, battalions of the 799th rifle regiment on the Tisza River, battalions of the 795th rifle regiment, the village of Egersalat, Shirok, battalions of the 767th rifle regiment Szeged regiment in the area of ​​​​Pertovkina-shtali and Tsarevo and directly on the spot provided practical assistance to the officers in accounting for personnel, horse composition and weapons. By order of the troops of the 53rd Army No. 0110 / n dated March 4, 1945, the commander of the 53rd Army, Lieutenant General Managarov I.O. on behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR - for the exemplary performance of the combat missions of the Command on the front of the struggle against the German invaders and the valor and courage shown at the same time, he awarded me, assistant of the 4th department of the headquarters of the 228th Ascension Rifle Division, with the Order of the Red Star. During the Bratislava-Brnov operation (March 25 - May 5), the 53rd Army advanced as part of the front's shock group. On the first day of the operation, its formations and units crossed the Hron River and then liberated the cities of Vrable (March 28), Nitra (March 30), Glohovets (April 1), Hodonin (April 13). On March 30, 1945, the troops participating in the battles during the breakthrough of the enemy’s defenses on the Horn and Nitra rivers, in the battles for the liberation of the cities of Vrablya, Nitra, Galanta and other cities, and our 228th Rifle Division were part of the troops, were thanked by order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief and given in Moscow salute with 20 artillery volleys from 224 guns. Our 228th Rifle Division, and, accordingly, I completed the combat path in the Great Patriotic War by participating in the Prague operation on May 6-11, 1945. My brother, Cherginets Yevgeny Nikolaevich, reached Berlin in battle, stormed Berlin, made a mark on the wall of the Reichstag. He finished the war as part of the 33rd Infantry Kholmskaya Red Banner Order of the Suvorov Berlin Division and served in Germany until August 1946 with the rank of lieutenant and was transferred to the reserve. On May 11, 1945, according to the Directive of the headquarters of the 2nd Ukrainian Front, the 228th Voznesenskaya Rifle Division was to be disbanded. After the division was disbanded, the officers and I, Lieutenant Cherginets B.N. , were at the disposal of the command pending assignments to other military formations, units. At the end of August, I left for a new place of service for the post of assistant chief of the 3rd department of the department of organizational, accounting and staffing of the headquarters of the 7th Guards Army, and on 09/07/1945, by order of the 7th Guards Army No. 0414, I was appointed to the post. I served in this position until my dismissal from the ranks of the Red Army to the reserve. By order of the Commander of the Transcaucasian Military District No. 0594 dated August 27. In 1946, in the rank of senior lieutenant of the guard, I was dismissed for health reasons from personnel to the reserve with military registration in the Oktyabrsky RVC in Moscow. That was the end of my military service for me.

Award sheets

Number of 40 600 Kazakhs). In Kazakhstan, 12 rifle, 4 cavalry divisions and 7 rifle brigades, 50 separate regiments were formed, including 2 artillery battalions, 4 mortar battalions, 3 aviation regiments, 14 separate battalions. Of these, two rifle brigades were formed entirely at the expense of the republic (100th - in Alma-Ata, 101st - in Aktobe) and three cavalry divisions (96th - in Ust-Kamenogorsk, 105th - in Dzhambul, 106 - I am in Akmolinsk). Both brigades fought in the most important areas. The 96th division was reorganized during its formation in Ust-Kamenogorsk, and in March 1942, the 13th cavalry regiment was created on its basis. The 105th and 106th divisions, upon arrival in the active army, were disbanded with the transfer of personnel to previously created units.

In addition, over 700,000 people were mobilized to work in industry and construction sites.

Defending Moscow

Among the defenders of Moscow were the 316th, 238th, 312th, 387th and 391st Kazakh divisions.

- One of the first escorted from the Alma-Ata-2 station was the 316th Infantry Division under the command of Ivan Panfilov. Music played on the platform, the leaders of the republic headed by Skvortsov and Shayakhmetov stood. She was first in every way.- explains doctor of historical sciences Layla AKHMETOVA. – The tragedy of our units near Moscow is that they ended up at the front at the most difficult time for the war. The Red Army retreated, many were captured. Near Bryansk and Smolensk, 20 divisions ended up in the cauldron and could not get out. Rokossovsky, miraculously breaking out of this ring, received one 316th division in the army, the corps of General Dovator, the cadet regiment of Mladentsev plus militias. It was necessary to defend 66 kilometers of the road on the Volokolamsk highway, 44 of them went to the 316th division. And against the army of Rokossovsky stood the tank corps of General Gepner, three rifle divisions and a bunch of other formations. The units defending Moscow accomplished a feat, making unrealistic efforts and maneuvers in the face of such unequal forces.

To Brest, fascist soldiers traveled 100–120 km a day, then 80–50 km a day, near Smolensk 30–16 km, and when they collided with the Panfilov division, they slowed down to 2–5 km a day.

- Two divisions near Moscow defended the city of Tula - the 238th and 387th (Perekopskaya), formed in Akmolinsk, the historian continues. - Tula residents are proud that they did not surrender the city, where the famous arms factory was located, mined in case it was taken by the enemy. Our 387th division was fighting just two kilometers from the arms factory. After Tula, Moscow, Stalingrad, Simferopol, Sevastopol, the Crimean operation of 1944 and Romania were on its combat path. And the 391st Rezhitskaya Red Banner Division, formed in August - November 1941, after participating in the defense of Moscow, fought on the North-Western Front and was among the first in 1944 entered Latvia.

Defense of Leningrad and the Battle of Stalingrad

- In Akmolinsk, the 310th and 314th rifle divisions were formed, which distinguished themselves in the defense of Leningrad on the Sinyavinsky heights and the Road of Life. There is a village with a mass grave where 3,000 Akmola residents are buried- says Laila Akhmetova.

One of the turning points in the Great Patriotic War was the Battle of Stalingrad. Kazakhstani rifle divisions fought there - the 29th, 38th, 387th and 27th, as well as the 152nd rifle brigade and the 81st cavalry division.

- In the Battle of Stalingrad, the Heroes of the Soviet Union accomplished their feats, pilot Abdirov, mortarman Spataev, lieutenant Rabaev,- notes Laila Akhmetova. - Pavlov's house became a symbol of courage, the fighting lasted 58 days, Tolebai Myrzaev was among the defenders of the house. The height of 11 heroes of the East is known, it was defended by fighters from Kazakhstan and Central Asia. All of them died the death of the brave, but did not let the enemy through. One of the streets of Volgograd was named Kazakh in tribute to the memory of the heroism of the Kazakhs during the defense of Stalingrad.

– The 30th Guards Riga Red Banner Division was formed by March 1942 in Semipalatinsk, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Alma-Ata, says the historian. - The 88th Vitebsk Red Banner Division was born in Alma-Ata, as the 39th rifle brigade from cadets of the machine gun school, sergeant schools and sniper courses, as well as from those liable for military service from South Kazakhstan and Semirechye. And the 991st air regiment of night bombers was formed in September 1942 in Alma-Ata on the basis of an aviation school for pilots of initial training. From 1943 to 1944 he participated in the Baltic offensive operation.

Restored history

Public association "Birlik" of the Ukrainian city of Kharkov as part of a scientific research group Makka KARAZHANOVA, Tatyana KRUPA, Leonid KARTSEV, Lucia OKSAK for more than five years he has been engaged in establishing the participation of soldiers of Kazakhstan in the liberation of Kharkov and the Kharkov region.

– The main achievement was the clarification of the fate of the 106th Cavalry Division from Kazakhstan. It was possible to find the rarest archival documents, with the help of which the names of the fighters were established, says Makka Karazhanova. - The publication of their names gave powerful feedback from the relatives of these warriors. They send us stories about their fathers, grandfathers, great-grandfathers, send us photos. The history of the heroic division is being written there. Today we are proud to say that Kharkov and Kharkov region during the Great Patriotic War became a symbol of fortitude and courage for Kazakh soldiers. Front-line soldiers always tell me about the amazing solidarity of Kazakh soldiers - they never left a wounded man and, realizing that they could die, still tried to save him ... And over the past year, much has been clarified about the 38th rifle division formed in Alma-Ata.

According to Makka Karazhanova, the searchers got the opportunity to work in the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense in Podolsk and collect information about the 38th division with a description of the battles and maps of the area. Eyewitnesses of those events are still alive. There is a small museum in the school of the Ternovoy village, where letters and photographs of Kazakh soldiers are preserved. From the documents it became known that from a division of about 9 thousand people after the Kharkov battle, only 150 fighters would come to Stalingrad. In the battle for this city, the restored 38th division for courage and heroism was renamed the 73rd Stalingrad Guards Rifle Division!

In May 1943, a division was formed in Akmolinsk, then called the 72nd Guards Rifle Division of the Krasnograd Red Banner.

On the enemy with bare hands

– I hear from some historians of Kazakhstan that the 106th Cavalry Division was known before our searches, Makka Karazhanova notes. - But what about the unit formed in Kazakhstan, and that's all - no lists of surnames, no acts of transfer, no testimonies, no maps of battles. These documents were restored by our group. Searches in the 106th constantly led us to questions about the 105th division: what is its combat path, numerical and nominal command staff? We asked friends from Kazakhstan to find out in libraries - the result is negative. The most important document is the act of acceptance and transfer of the division, if it was disbanded. At the 106th division, we found three acts of acceptance, but in each of them the number of fighters was different. In the first act - 4,091 fighters, in the second - 4,175, in the third - 4,416. The 105th division still has one act of acceptance, but, as they say, we have not gone far here yet ...

The 106th division included three cavalry regiments, a horse-artillery battalion and a communications half-squadron. The formation of units began on December 10, 1941. Major Boris Pankov was appointed commander of the division, political instructor Nurkan Seytov was appointed commissar. 90 percent of the division was staffed by Kazakh servicemen from Akmola, Kustanai, Karaganda, East Kazakhstan, North Kazakhstan and Pavlodar regions. Horses also came from these regions. In late March - early April 1942, the division was sent in several echelons to the 6th Cavalry Corps of the Southwestern Front in the Kharkov direction. According to Makka Karazhanova, she too was disbanded upon arrival:

- It was possible to find out that the 106th division was disbanded according to three others from the 6th corps. Our soldiers fought in the 26th, 49th and 28th divisions. There is a document that for 4,091 people in the 106th division there were only ... 102 rifles. And three and a half thousand sabers.

As part of the 6th Corps, units of the 106th Division advanced 50 kilometers. These were bloody battles for Krasnograd. Forces, food and ammunition were melting away. But they seem to have been forgotten. There was no help. And after May 26, the Kharkov cauldron slammed shut.

Under the command of Kalashnikov

The 105th cavalry division was formed in Dzhambul by decree of the USSR State Defense Committee No. 894 of November 13, 1941. Until September 1943, the 81st and 105th divisions were formed, as well as separate rifle and engineering battalions, three worker battalions, five railway companies and a degassing detachment.

– Colonel Vladimir Kalashnikov, an experienced military man, a graduate of the Frunze Academy, a participant in the civil war, was appointed commander of the 105th cavalry division, - explained Makka Karazhanova. - In June 1942, the division was sent to the Moscow District. We found an order dated August 13, 1942, on the disbandment and retraining of the division: Horses, saddles, vehicles, carts, kitchens, weapons and other equipment of all types of supplies should be used according to the plan of the command of the troops of the Moscow Military District for the resupply of rifle divisions and brigades withdrawn for resupply from the front. But was the entire division, not taking part in hostilities, transferred or in parts? There is a document dated August 15, 1942 stating that it is being transferred in full strength to the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps of the Western Front. But this remains to be figured out, as well as with the number - 4,165 people or is it 3,432? But one thing is undeniable - the soldiers of the 105th, as well as our other rifle divisions - the 100th and 101st - fought about 200 kilometers from Moscow.

From Kustanai to Koenigsberg

On December 21, 1941, the formation of the 151st separate rifle brigade began in Kustanai. According to the local historian Natalya Zdorovets, Major Leonid Yakovlev, who managed to fight in the Leningrad direction of the front, was appointed commander.

The brigade included four rifle battalions, an artillery division, an anti-tank artillery division, a mortar battalion, a communications battalion and separate companies - reconnaissance, sapper, medical, automobile and machine gunners. On April 26, 1942, a rally dedicated to leaving for the front took place on the city square of Kustanai.

On the Northwestern Front

The 151st Rifle went to the disposal of the North-Western Front in six echelons to the Valdai station. And on May 14, four and a half months after the formation order, she made a 180-kilometer march to the front line. The brigade's baptism of fire took place on June 8. For a whole month, Kazakhstanis, showing courage and courage, fought on the front at Lake Sugan. Machine gunner Dunsky from the Ubagansky district in one battle destroyed 32 enemy soldiers and officers. Political instructor Bondarenko inspired the fighters by personal example. During the battle, an enemy grenade flew into the dugout, he grabbed it and threw it towards the advancing Nazis, where it exploded. For this fight, Bondarenko was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Medical instructor Valentina Velednitskaya carried 37 seriously wounded fighters from the battlefield in just one day. “Together with their weapons,” as noted in the documents of the time.

In February 1943, the 151st Rifle, reinforced by a light artillery brigade and one artillery regiment, was transferred to the reserve of the North-Western Front and, having penetrated the enemy’s battle formations, entrenched itself at the reached line. It would seem a small success, but it was he who did not give the enemy the opportunity to withdraw his divisions from the front in order to throw them on the Leningrad front, where the situation was extremely difficult. Kazakhstanis took up defensive positions north of Staraya Russa for a long time.

For the Motherland!

In September 1943, the 151st brigade was reorganized into the 150th rifle division. In May 1944, Colonel Shatilov took command of it, and Colonel Yakovlev left to study in Moscow. By that time, the troops of the 2nd Baltic Front went on the offensive and expanded the breakthrough to 150 kilometers. On July 12, 1944, parts of the division liberated the city of Idritsa. By order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief Stalin, already on July 23, 1944, the division was given the name Idritskaya. Until the end of November, she liberated hundreds of settlements, showing mass heroism. The gunner, junior sergeant Povod, a native of the village of Livanovka, Kamyshinsky district, destroyed 3 enemy machine-gun crews, a mortar battery and 50 enemy soldiers. Carriage Red Army soldier Sadertin Baimukhamedov, under enemy fire, uninterruptedly delivered ammunition to positions and, having shown the initiative, picked up 100 captured German shells for our 150-mm guns. The commander of the gun, senior sergeant Kurmash Baysarin from the Ordzhonikidzevsky district, knocked out two enemy trucks. All three were awarded the medal "For Courage".

Made it to Berlin

Under the new year 1945, the division joined the 1st Belorussian Front and in February participated in the defeat of the Schneidemuhl group. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, she was awarded the Order of Kutuzov II degree for a night battle near Lake Woshwansee. March 17, having made a 160-kilometer march, she arrived in the Königsberg area. On April 16, the city of Kunersdorf was taken. This victory was achieved at the cost of losing most of the division. But, as reported, already on April 22, during the Berlin offensive, she adopted one of the nine special banners intended to be hoisted over the Reichstag. During his assault, the commander of the reconnaissance platoon of the 674th regiment of the 150th rifle division, Rakhimzhan Koshkarbaev, and private Grigory Bulatov set a flag over the main building of the Reichstag. By order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of May 11, 1945, the division was given the name Berlin.

Guardsmen from the East

Formed in the first days of the war in Ust-Kamenogorsk, the 238th Rifle Division showed heroic fortitude in the battles near Moscow and in 1942 was renamed the 30th Guards Division.

In 1985, on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the Victory, a street in the center of Ust-Kamenogorsk was named after the 30th Guards Division. The documentary memory of her is kept in the regional museum of local history. As follows from the archives, in the spring of 1941, a group of officers arrived in the city from Uzbekistan with the task of forming the 238th rifle division. With the outbreak of war, it was quickly staffed with conscripts from Leninogorsk, Shemonaikha, Bystrukha, Sekisovka, Uvarovo, Donskoy and other villages. And already in September they were thrown to the front line. Tank and motorized units of the Nazis tried to cut the road from Tula to Moscow. For three months, the division fought off the fierce attacks of the armed enemy, and on December 6, as part of the Western Front, it went on the offensive.

– In January 1942, the 238th division was thrown into a difficult area with the task of pushing the enemy back from the railway to Kaluga,- indicated in the memoirs company commander Dmitry Kolnobrutsky. – Stubborn battles went on for five days, the village of Myzga changed hands five times, and finally, on January 10, two companies finally drove out the enemy.

In May 1942, for the shown heroism, the division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner and transformed into the 30th Guards. Two months later, with a strength of 11 thousand fighters, she again found herself in the most bloody areas near Yelnya and Rzhev. On October 15, 1944, the division liberated the capital of Latvia, receiving the honorary name Riga.

- The 30th Guards Division liberated 1,200 settlements from the Nazis, including 8 large cities, - is listed in the museum certificate. - More than 13 thousand of its soldiers were awarded orders and medals for military merits.

According to local historians, about 200 thousand people went to the front from East Kazakhstan. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was given to 60 fighters, 30,000 were awarded orders and medals. In total, four rifle divisions and the 375th anti-tank artillery division were formed in Ust-Kamenogorsk in 1941, which participated in the storming of Berlin.

In the hell of Rzhev

According to archival documents, the 101st separate rifle brigade was created in the city of Aktobe in the period from December 5, 1941 to May 1, 1942.

Its formation was initiated by the Decree of the State Defense Committee of the USSR of November 13, 1941 and the directive of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR of November 20, 1941 "On the formation of national rifle formations." On the basis of these documents, already on November 27, an order was issued by the commander of the Central Asian Military District "On the formation of the 100th and 101st rifle brigades."

The 101st brigade included 3,804 soldiers and commanders, more than 50 percent of whom are of Kazakh nationality. The military unit was formed from the inhabitants of Aktobe, Guryev, West Kazakhstan, Kzyl-Orda regions of Kazakhstan. The brigade commander at the initial stage was Lieutenant Colonel Sevastyan Yakovlenko, the commissar was senior political instructor Nuri Aleev.

And here are some interesting data on the material and technical equipment of the brigade. She was given 16 trucks and 6 cars, more than 460 horses, 52 double and single-horse carts, 89 saddles, 1,089 sheepskin coats, 1,428 earflaps and other property.

From October 19 to October 23, 1942, Kazakhstanis follow to the Kalinin Front as part of the 39th Army. Their baptism of fire took place on November 28 near the city of Olenino, Kalinin (now Tver) region ... Here, in the bloody battles in the Rzhev direction, the front-line history of the 101st brigade was born. Then she took part in the liberation of the Vitebsk and Smolensk regions, Belarus and Lithuania, and in the summer of 1944, in connection with the reorganization, the personnel was transferred to the 47th and 90th Guards Rifle Divisions.

The division was formed in Biysk from December 1941. The division included: 498th, 605th and 712th rifle and 425th artillery regiments. On July 1, 1943, the units were renamed, respectively, into the 764th, 794th, 797th rifle and 676th artillery regiments. The 232nd Rifle Division took an active part in the liberation of Ukraine, for which on September 2, 1943 it was given the honorary name of Sumy, and on November 6 - Kyiv.

Participation of the 232nd division in the defense of Voronezh

A group of fighters and commanders of the 232nd Infantry Division. Voronezh Front, summer 1942

The division received full armament only on 06/30/1942 in Voronezh and took up combat positions along the left, eastern bank of the Don on the 45-kilometer front Novopodkletnoye - Podgornoye - Podkletnoye - Workers' settlement - the May 1 collective farm - the Udarnik state farm - Malyshevo to the mouth of the Voronezh River . At that time, the Altai division was practically the only full-blooded formation of Soviet troops on the outskirts of Voronezh.

On July 3, 1942, the division fought bloody battles with superior German forces in the defense of Voronezh and the Semiluk crossing across the Don. Only on July 5, 1942, the enemy managed to create a bridgehead near the village of Podkletnoye. Having suffered heavy losses, the 232nd Rifle Division was forced to retreat north along the Don.

From August 1942, the formation fought defensive battles 20 kilometers north of Voronezh, on the Don line of Novozhivotinnoye - Yamnoye, where its units captured and held an important bridgehead near the village of Gubarevo. Here our countrymen fought until January 1943.

232nd Infantry Division in the battles for the liberation of Ukraine and the Battle of Kursk

The commander of the 764th Infantry Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel F.P. Zhelonkin. Photo 1945

On January 10, 1943, the division withdrew from its positions and was ordered to make a march of about 50 kilometers along the Don to the south. On January 23, 1943, it was introduced into the gap during the Voronezh-Kastornensky operation, got involved in battles on the large settlement of Kochetovka southwest of Voronezh, where two regiments of the division were almost completely destroyed, then advanced westward through the village of Ostanino, pursuing the retreating without battlefield enemy troops. The fighting resumed only in mid-February 1943. In them, cut off from their rear, without ammunition, the division suffered huge losses.

On February 26, 1943, the 232nd division entered the territory of Ukraine, getting involved in heavy battles for Miropolye. Then the formation participated in the offensive until mid-March 1943. From April to August 1943, the division, having managed to hold its positions northeast of Sumy, transferred to the reserve of the Supreme High Command.

In the Battle of Kursk, which began in July, the formations did not take an active part in the hostilities. Only on August 8, her regiments went on the offensive as part of the Voronezh Front, taking part in the Belgorod-Kharkov operation. However, in the very first hours, the units encountered strong enemy resistance in the area of ​​​​the village of Samotoevka. Artillery preparation failed to overwhelm the well-organized German defense system, resulting in heavy losses for the 794th Rifle Regiment. On August 20, the 232nd division, like the rest of the troops of the right wing of the Voronezh Front, was forced to go on the defensive, taking up lines on the Psel River.

On September 2, 1943, the 232nd Infantry Division took part in the liberation of the Ukrainian city of Sumy. For the courage and heroism of its soldiers, the division received the honorary name "Sumy".

During the Kiev offensive operation, the division advanced from the Lyutezhsky bridgehead, in the direction of Svyatoshino, among other formations broke into Kyiv and entered into street battles. Again, its soldiers were named in the order of thanks of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, and on the same day the division received another honorary name - "Kievskaya".

Group of commanders of the 232nd Infantry Division. 2nd Ukrainian Front, 1944

But there were difficult trials ahead. The Germans, having come to their senses after the defeat near Kiev, launched a counteroffensive, and a number of Soviet formations of the 1st Ukrainian Front were surrounded. Since the communications of the Soviet troops were stretched and the supply deteriorated, our units had to go on the defensive. In mid-November, the 232nd Rifle Division also got bogged down in heavy defensive battles in the area of ​​​​the city of Fastov.

In December 1943, she took part in the Zhytomyr-Berdichev offensive operation, on January 4, 1944, she entered the city of Bila Tserkva and reached the approaches to Uman. But here the enemy's counterattack was thrown back 30-40 kilometers.

In mid-January 1944, the division was deployed in Fastov, stood on the defensive in these positions for almost a month, and then, after marching, went on the offensive during the Uman-Botoshansk operation. March 5, 1944 breaks through the enemy defenses east of the village of Rusalovka, Cherkasy region. On March 22, 1944, the advanced units of the Altai division reached the Dniester River, crossed the river near the village of Serebriya, Vinnitsa Region, and captured it at the bridgehead. In April, after heavy fighting to expand the bridgehead, the 232nd Rifle Division went on the defensive, where it remained until mid-August 1944.

Participation of the 232nd Rifle Division in the battles of the final stage of the war

In the second half of September 1944, the division broke through the well-fortified Deda stronghold in the Carpathian region. From October 15 to October 25, 1944, she took part in the liberation of the Romanian city of Satu Mare, but then again entered into heavy battles for the city of Nyiregyhaza. Crossed the Tisza, its units launched offensive battles in the direction of the city of Miskolc and took part in its liberation.

A group of soldiers and officers of the control platoon of the 6th battery of the 232nd rifle division. Photo 1945

In December 1944, the 232nd Rifle Division, as part of the troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front, crossed the border of Hungary with Czechoslovakia, and launched an offensive in the general direction of Luchenets. Immediately after crossing the border, heavy fighting began, for more than a month the division traveled only about 100 kilometers, while crossing the Sukha, Ipel and Krivan rivers. At the end of January 1945, she stormed the outskirts of the city of Luchenets, in which she participated in street battles for several days.

During March-April 1945, she participated in the liberation of the cities of Novo Mesto, Trnava, fought at the crossing of the Dutvat River, advanced deep into Czechoslovakia to a distance of 200 kilometers, and took part in the liberation of Bratislava. Continuing the offensive, the division reached the approaches to Brno, where it fought until it was completely liberated on April 26, 1945. After the liberation of Brno, during the Prague operation proceeded to Prague, and ended the war only on May 18, 1945 west of Prague.

236th Rifle Nerchinsk Regiment of the 106th Rifle Trans-Baikal-Dnieper Red Banner Order of Suvorov, 2nd Class Division.
Renamed: 236 Rifle Nerchinsk Regiment of the Order of Kutuzov, 3rd Class Regiment (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 05.1945).


P / P - V / Ch No. 62841 - 236 Nerchinsk Regiment (Directory of military units - field mails of the Red Army in 1943-1945: http://www.soldat.ru/pp_v_ch.html).

Commanders of the 236th Infantry Nerchinsk Regiment:
1. Kulkov Vasily Feoktistovich (01/30/1943 - 04/00/1943).
2. Ermolenko Illarion Stepanovich (04/00/1943 - 08/13/1943).
3. ...
4. Lominoga Pavel Grigorievich (since 09/25/1943).
5. Smirnov Sergey Grigorievich (10/15/1943 - 10/16/1943), died.
6. ...
7. Polyakov Konstantin Anisimovich (02.11.1943 - 09.05.1944).
8. Evsievsky Pavel Ivanovich (from 05/09/1944).
9. Erigov Vadim Artemyevich (04.10.1944 - 19.11.1944).
10. Sargsyan Andronik Sarkisovich (11/19/1944 - 03/27/1945).
11. Nekrasov Mikhail Alekseevich (03/27/1945 - 08/08/1945).

Chief of Staff of the 236th Infantry Nerchinsk Regiment: Lieutenant Colonel Kolosov.

The history of the combat path of the 106th Infantry Trans-Baikal-Dnieper Red Banner Order of Suvorov, 2nd degree, division and its regiments.

Entry into the Active Army (combat period): 02/15/1943-05/11/1945.
Period of existence: 11/10/1942 - 06/1945.
Formed from 10.11 to 08.12.1942 in Chita from the border troops of the NKVD of the Trans-Baikal Military District as the Trans-Baikal Rifle Division of the NKVD of the USSR (2nd formation). Its personnel was staffed mainly by Transbaikalians. The division was included in the Separate Army of the NKVD troops.
02/05/1943 was renamed the 106th Trans-Baikal Rifle Division in Shadrinsk, Chelyabinsk Region (Ural Military District) with the assignment of new numbers to units and subunits of the division, which in some sources is considered its 3rd formation and is included in 70 a of the Central Front.
So, the 45th Daursky Rifle Regiment became the 43rd Daursky Rifle Regiment, the 46th Argun Rifle Regiment became the 188th Argun Rifle Regiment, and the 100th Nerchinsk Rifle Regiment was numbered - the 236th Nerchinsk Rifle Regiment.
All names are geographically connected with Transbaikalia:
Nerchinsky - the city of Nerchinsk - the administrative center of the Nerchinsky district of the Trans-Baikal Territory, located on the left bank of the Nercha River of the same name.
Daursky - the village of Dauria (station Dauria; the name comes from the ancient Mongolian people - Daurs) - in the Trans-Baikal region of the Trans-Baikal Territory, a century-old outpost of the southeastern border Trans-Baikal District. On the territory of the rural settlement "Daurskoye" there is a "junction of three borders" (Russia, China and Mongolia), which is a trigopoint, on each of the three faces of which the name of the state to which it is directed is written. In 2007, an Orthodox cross about 3 meters high was installed near the indicated boundary marker, symbolizing the beginning of the Russian land.
Argunsky - Argun (Hailar, Mong. Ergune, Evenk. Ergen) - a river in China and Russia, the right component of the Amur. The Russian-Chinese border runs along a part of the river (the border river Argun, which is on the border of the Trans-Baikal Territory (until 2008 - the Chita Region) and the Autonomous Region of Inner Mongolia (PRC).

Composition: Directorate, Headquarters Battery of the Division Artillery Chief, 43rd Daursky Rifle Regiment, 188th Argun Rifle Regiment, 236th Nerchinsk Rifle Regiment, 362nd Zabaikalsky Artillery Regiment, 63rd Separate Anti-tank Fighter Battalion, 60th Reconnaissance company, 12th engineer battalion
500th separate communications battalion, 65th medical and sanitary battalion
11th separate company of chemical protection, 319th motor transport company, 49th field bakery, 734th divisional veterinary infirmary, 2246th field postal station, 1762nd field cash desk of the State Bank. V/Ch-P/P No. 28315.

The command and commanding staff of the division:

1. Donskov Semyon Ivanovich (11/23/1942 - 05/13/1943), major general; first division commander;
2. Fedor Nikandrovich Smekhotrov (05/14/1943 - 08/01/1943), Major General;
3. Vlasov Mikhail Markovich (08/02/1943 - 09/01/1944), colonel;
4. Trofimov Zakhar Trofimovich (09/02/1944 - 12/17/1944), major general;
5. Kochenov Grigory Matveyevich (12/18/1944 - 03/09/1945), colonel;
6. Mikheev Leonid Ivanovich (03/10/1945 - 03/16/1945), colonel;
7. Sargsyan Andranik Sarkisovich (03/17/1945 - 04/14/1945), colonel;
8. Vasilenko Emelyan Ivanovich (04/15/1945 - 05/11/1945), major general.

Numerical and national composition.
The 106th Transbaikal Rifle Division, like most divisions of that time, was multinational. By the beginning of its military journey in the spring of forty-third, it included 9,230 soldiers and officers: 628 Russians, 983 Ukrainians, 264 Belarusians, 12 Armenians, 43 Georgians, 50 Azerbaijanis, 65 Uzbeks, 21 Tajiks, 106 Turkmens, 313 Kazakhs, 42 Kyrgyz , 10 Karelians, 29 Finns, one Jew, five Ossetians, 36 representatives of the peoples of Dagestan, 290 Tatars, 37 Chuvashs, 99 Mordvins, 50 Bashkirs, 19 Kalmyks, 50 Udmurts, 29 Maris, 3 Komi, 18 Buryats, one Moldovan, 17 Lithuanians , two Poles. In total - thirty nationalities!

Subordination of 106 Trans-Baikal Rifle Division:
70th Army (Central Front), 65th Army (Belarusian Front), 13th Army (1st Ukrainian Front), 3rd Guards Army (1st Ukrainian Front).

In January 1943 the division received an order to relocate to the Central Front (front commander - General K.K. Rokossovsky) in the city of Yelets.
February 18 and 19, 1943 the first five echelons of the division were unloaded in Yelets, and three more by February 22 - at the Naberezhnaya station of the same Moscow-Donbass railway. But even before the arrival of the last three echelons, an order was received: to leave Yelets (Lipetsk region) * through Livny (Oryol region) *, Limovoe (Oryol region) *, Trudolyubovka (Oryol region) *, Znamenskoye (Oryol region) *, Art. Ponyri (Kursk region)*, Mokhovoe (Kromsky district, Oryol region)*.
*Belonging to the regions is indicated for the present.
Having overcome in four days one hundred and twenty kilometers in frost, snowstorms and impassability, the division occupied the second echelon of defense of the 70th Army (army commander - Lieutenant General I.V. Galanin).
Since February 1943, the 70th Army, as part of the Central Front, took part in defensive and offensive battles in the Sevsk direction *
(* Help. Sevskaya offensive operation (February 25 - March 28, 1943) (combat operations in the Sevsk direction) - the offensive operation of the Soviet troops of the Central Front in the Great Patriotic War, an integral part of the failed plan to defeat the German Army Group Center in February - March 1943.
The city of Sevsk, the administrative center of the Sevsky district of the Bryansk region, was liberated on March 2, 1943. The 2nd Panzer Army of the Central Front liberated Sevsk, where the brigade of the Russian People's Liberation Army defending the city was almost completely destroyed. But in connection with the general failure of the offensive of the central fronts on March 21, 1943, formations of the Central Front went on the defensive at the line of Mtsensk - Novosil - Bryantsevo - east of Sevsk - Rylsk. On March 27, German troops drove the Soviet units out of Sevsk and re-occupied it, surrounding the bravely fighting cavalry rifle group of General Kryukov. The remnants of the group, with the assistance of the attack of the troops of the Central Front on March 28, broke through from the encirclement, after which the front line stabilized. Approximately half of the territory occupied during the operation by Soviet troops was abandoned. Thus, the central section of the Kursk Bulge, which was pushed to the west, was formed).
As a result of the fighting, by April 1943, the so-called northern face of the Kursk ledge was formed.
On March 19, at 12 noon, an order was received from the army commander: to advance to the most remote, northwestern section of the Oryol-Kursk ledge that was being formed at that time along the length of the Central Front line (“the northern face of the Kursk ledge”): the Chern line (the village of Chern, a rural settlement Lomovetskoye, Trosnyansky district, Oryol region) - Grankino (grankino village, Trosnyansky rural settlement, Trosnyansky district, Oryol region; formerly Upper and Lower Grankino, Kursk region) - Novy Svet (currently the non-residential village of Novy Svet, Dmitrovsky district, Oryol region; until 07.1944 Kursk region) - Troena (aka Trosna - a village in the Orel region, the administrative center of the Trosnyansky district) and, having replaced the units of the 211th and 132nd rifle divisions, exhausted in battles, go on the defensive in this area. By the morning of March 20, the 106th Trans-Baikal Division occupied the indicated defense zone 24.5 kilometers wide. From here her battle path on the Kursk Bulge began (Kursk strategic defensive operation 07/05/1943 - 08/23/1943; also known as the Battle of Kursk Bulge). On the Kursk Bulge, the division received a real baptism of fire. And the first fierce battle between the Transbaikalian warriors and the enemy took place, as it is written in the historical form of the division, near the village of Novyi Svet on the same day - 03/20/1943. The Transbaikalians boldly entered into battle with the infantry and tanks of the enemy.
From March to June, the 106th Rifle Division of the Trans-Baikal took up defensive positions in its sector of the formed Kursk Bulge: tense expectation of the beginning of the battle, frequent mutual reconnaissance in force. The Germans went on the defensive in front of the front of the 106th Rifle Division of the Trans-Baikal and strengthened their positions. The units of the Red Army also strengthened and improved their defenses: the decisive battles of the summer campaign of the forty-third were approaching, and both sides, holding the captured lines, accumulated strength, studied the experience of previous battles. However, the so-called battles of local importance were often fierce in nature, causing significant damage to both sides. From March 20 to June 5, the 106th division had 1309 killed and wounded enemy soldiers and officers on its account, took two aircraft and a lot of small arms as trophies. At the same time, out of 9230 people, 5370 remained in the division itself. Moreover, 3214 of the dead soldiers and officers, that is, the absolute majority, were guys born in 1917-1921. For the exemplary performance of command assignments during the defensive battles of the spring and early summer of 1943, 135 soldiers and officers were awarded orders and medals.
In early July 1943, the 70th Army, along with other forces of the Central Front, repulsed the attacks of German troops trying to break through to Kursk from the north with a stubborn defense. With the transition of the Soviet troops to the counteroffensive, the army participated in the Oryol offensive operation.
By the beginning of the battle, the division moved to the right flank of the Central Front in the area of ​​Cape Topkoe (a section of the 13th Army under the command of General Pukhov). From July 5 to July 12, the 106th division repelled an enemy attack in the Ponyri - Samodurovka - Studenok - Topkoe - Rozhdestvenskoye sector. In an anti-tank battle, she fought off enemy counterattacks with shots from cannons. She stood on the line she occupied, was successful, but also had heavy combat losses in the wounded and killed.
In the battles on the Kursk Bulge, the 106th Rifle Division of the Transbaikal defeated the 106th division of the Wehrmacht (source: http://ez.chita.ru/encycl/person/?id=52980).
As a result of the fighting during this time, one consolidated regiment was formed from the division, which, starting from July 13, participated in the offensive of our troops in the Oryol direction (the Oryol strategic offensive operation "Kutuzov" from July 12 to August 18, 1943 during the Battle of Kursk for the final defeat of the enemy grouping near Orel). From August 13 to 18, the division fought at the turn - with. Topkoe, p. Pokhvistnevo, p. Malinovka and others. All this time there were fierce battles with the pursuit of the retreating enemy. On August 20, the 106th Rifle Division of the Trans-Baikal, exhausted in battles, was withdrawn to the town of Dedovodye, Bryansk Region (on the border of the Kursk and Bryansk Regions), where it received replenishment with people and weapons. The 70th Army was withdrawn to the reserve of the Central Front, therefore, on August 23, 1943. after a short respite, already as part of the 65th Army (commander - General Batov) of the Central Front, the 106th Zabaikalskaya entered the Chernigov-Pripyat offensive operation (August 26 - September 30, 1943), having received on August 22 a command directive to advance in the direction of the city of Sevsk (the river Sev and the city of Sevsk, Bryansk region) and further in the general direction to Novgorod-Seversky (Chernihiv region) *
(*Reference. Chernigov-Pripyat offensive operation (08.26.1943-09.30.1943) - front-line offensive operation of the Soviet troops of the Central Front in the Great Patriotic War, an integral part of the Chernigov-Poltava strategic operation (08.26.1943-09.30.1943) - the first stage The plan of the Soviet command in the Chernigov-Poltava operation was to simultaneously launch a series of strikes in several directions and cut the enemy defenses into pieces, deprive the enemy of the opportunity to gain a foothold on the lines of the Sozh, Desna, Dnieper, Pripyat rivers and stabilize the front line. operations, four front-line operations were carried out (the Chernigov-Pripyat operation of the Central Front, the Sumy-Prituk operation of the troops of the Voronezh Front, the Poltava and Kremenchug operations of the Steppe Front) and the Dnieper airborne operation, conducted by the command of the Voronezh Front with the forces of the 3rd and 5th airborne landing brigades.
During the Chernigov-Pripyat operation, the opposing Wehrmacht troops were defeated, the Dnieper was forced, and significant assistance was provided to the troops of the Voronezh Front and the Steppe Front. The tasks of the troops were set by the directive of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command of August 22, 1943 and contained: to deliver the main blow with the forces of the 2nd tank, 65th and part of the forces of the 48th and 60th armies in the Novgorod-Seversky direction (Novgorod-Seversky - the city district significance in the Chernihiv region of Ukraine, the administrative center of the Novgorod-Seversky district; located on the right bank of the Desna, 270 km northeast of Kyiv and 45 km from the Russian border) auxiliary strike - by the rest of the forces of the 60th Army in the Konotop direction to Chernigov and exit to the middle reaches of the Dnieper.
On August 26, the strike groups of the Central Front went on the offensive. In the main direction, they met stubborn resistance from the enemy. Only on August 27, Soviet troops repelled 12 enemy counterattacks. With great difficulty, formations of the 2nd Panzer and 65th Armies captured Sevsk on August 27. The German command transferred 2 infantry and 2 tank divisions to the Sevsk area, which delivered a strong flank counterattack west of Sevsk and stopped the advance of Soviet troops at the next defensive line. By the end of August 31, Soviet troops were able to penetrate the German defenses here by only 20-25 kilometers.
Much greater success was achieved in the auxiliary direction, which turned out to be a complete surprise for the enemy, the German command did not prepare a reliable defense there and did not have reserves.
Formations of the 60th Army (Lieutenant General I.D. Chernyakhovsky) broke through the enemy defenses, liberated the city of Glukhov on August 30, advanced 60 km, and on August 31 entered the territory of Ukraine. Using this success, K.K. Rokossovsky transferred the main efforts of the front to the Konotop direction, for which he transferred formations of the 13th army, the tank corps of the 2nd tank army, the 9th tank corps, the 4th artillery corps and aimed the main efforts of the 16th air army here
Geographical position of the Chernihiv region (Ukraine): borders in the west with the Gomel region. (Belarus), in the north - from Bryansk (Russia), in the east - from Kursk (Russia)
About the battles for Sevsk in detail on the unofficial website of the city of Sevsk http://sevsk32.ru/:
one). The Great Patriotic War http://sevsk32.ru/gpw/.
The section is devoted to the most difficult period in the history of the Sevsk region - the Great Patriotic War. Sevsk was occupied by German troops on October 1, 1941. It was liberated twice - on March 1 and August 27, 1943. The section contains materials about the events of this period that took place on the territory of the Sevsky region, about the heroic struggle of the Red Army soldiers, partisans and underground fighters, about the life of the civilian population in the occupation, about Sevchans - participants in the Great Patriotic War.
2). Photo chronicle of Sevsk during the Great Patriotic War http://sevsk32.ru/photogalery/9/).
In September 1943, the 106th Rifle Division, during the designated Chernigov-Pripyat operation, went on the offensive. The enemy was retreating from the Orel region, fearing the encirclement of his troops in the Oryol ledge, and withdrawing them to a line prepared in advance for defense. The German command announced in leaflets about the "Eastern Defensive Wall" prepared on the Dnieper. Our units competed with the enemy: who will be the first to reach the Dnieper? Combat operations in this area were in the nature of combat pursuit of the enemy with the deployment of forces in separate places. Tanks and planes took part in fierce battles with the enemy.
September 12, 1943 The 106th SD was one of the first to cross the Desna River in the Ostroushki-Pogrebki section south of Novgorod-Seversky (Novgorod-Seversk offensive operation, the city of Shostka) and captured a bridgehead (the village of Degtyarevka, the village of Ilyukhino).
Continuing the offensive, she soon crossed the Snov River. This was the beginning of the Bryansk-Gomel offensive operation (September, Kirillovka village, Bryansk forests).
In the last days of September, the division reached the banks of the Sozh River, south of Gomel, where it fought for a bridgehead on this river. To reach the Dnieper, we had to march south along the Sozha to the Dobryavka metro station near the Dnieper. These days the division was commanded by Colonel M.M. Vlasov, an Odessa citizen who went to war from the Trans-Baikal Military District. October 07-08, 1943 the main forces of the 65th Army, which included the 106th SD, reached the Dnieper in the Loev-Radul sector (Belarus) and immediately began to intensively prepare to force the river. Preparations for crossing the Dnieper lasted a week. This is how the participation of the division in the Battle for the Dnieper began (at the first stage of this battle on 08-09.1943, Soviet troops liberated the left-bank Ukraine, crossed the Dnieper simultaneously in many directions and sections with a total length of 700 km, from the settlement of Loeva (Loevsky district -n, Gomel region, Belarus) to the city of Zaporozhye (Zaporozhye region, Ukraine) and captured bridgeheads on its western coast, at the second stage 10-12.1943 - there was a struggle to hold and expand bridgeheads). On the night of October 15, rallies were held in units and subunits, the purpose of which was to convey to each soldier the importance of the goal - crossing the Dnieper. October 15, 1943 without artillery preparation, the operation to cross the Dnieper began south of the town of Loeva: at six thirty minutes in the morning, the 236th Nerchinsk regiment made a false designation of the crossing in order to divert fire on itself. Batteries of the Nazis hit the Transbaikalians. From the island of Khovrenkov, enemy machine guns fired at the smoke screen. The attention of the Nazis was diverted. Landing crews boldly and swiftly crossed the river on rafts, boats, logs and metal barrels. Units of the 43rd Daurian Rifle Regiment began crossing the Dnieper at six thirty-five in the morning.
The first to go were the fighters and commanders of the first rifle battalion under the command of the fearless and courageous captain G.D. Gordopolov, it took them only twenty-two minutes to reach the right bank and knock out the enemy outposts from the trenches. The wounded captain continues to command the fighters. Following the first rifle battalion, the Dnieper was crossed by units of other regiments of the 106th. The enemy did not weaken the fire. Four rafts were smashed by shells, many people died. Who could swim to the shore. In interaction with other compounds 10/17/1943. the division released Loev, thereby burying the hopes of the Nazis that they would be able to spend the winter in the city. At the crossing, two regiment commanders of the division, Smirnov (236th Nerchinsky) and Matyugin (188th Argunsky), were killed, the division commander, General Smekhotvorov, was wounded. When forcing the Dnieper, the fighters showed mass heroism. 187 fighters and commanders of the 65th Army were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union for only one operation to force the Dnieper. The main part of the Heroes of the Soviet Union in the 106th SD (and there are 49 of them) received this title for the Dnieper. This high rank was also given to division commander Mikhail Markovich Vlasov, a native of the Odessa region, who later served in the Ukrainian, Trans-Baikal and Primorsky border districts. For crossing the Dnieper, the 106th Trans-Baikal Division was given the honorary name "Dneprovskaya".
The troops of the Central Front, having successfully overcome a powerful water barrier, captured and secured seven bridgeheads on the right bank of the Dnieper, the largest of them in the Loev area, which provided our troops with favorable conditions for the deployment of new offensive operations in early 1944.
Having seized the bridgehead across the Dnieper, the division entered the land of Belarus (October 1943): Polissya, the region of the northern tributaries of the Pripyat (the Ikva, Ippa and Ptich rivers), forest thickets and impenetrable swamps, swamps. Neither our divisions nor the enemy had a solid front line there. Continuing the offensive, the division as part of the 65th Army, but already of the Belorussian Front (from 10/20/1943) liberated the settlements of the Gomel and Polessye regions of Belarus (Gomel-Rechitsa operation 11/10/30/1943).
The fighting was in the nature of oncoming battles in separate places: art. Vasilevichi, the road Mozyr - Kalinkovichi, the settlements of Osipovichi, Zabolotye, Lisets, Ozarichi and others. Until the end of 1943, in the most difficult conditions - forests and swamps that did not freeze even in winter, snowstorms and impassability - the division fought stubborn battles with the enemy. They carried everything on themselves, they were terribly hungry, there was not enough ammunition (supply services were very let down, but there were no local resources). During the forty-third year, the division inflicted significant damage on the enemy: 6140 enemy soldiers and officers were killed and 1546 rifles and machine guns, 202 machine guns, 24 mortars, 30 guns, 2 aircraft, 6 tanks, 35 vehicles were destroyed. After the Dnieper, after the battles for the liberation of cities and villages of fraternal Belarus, she was exhausted, largely bled, and in January she was withdrawn from the fighting for a short rest and replenishment. In January, the division was transferred by echelon by rail to a new concentration area, from Belorussian to the 1st Ukrainian Front (station Vasilevichi-Gomel-Bakhmach-Kyiv-Korosten-Novograd-Volynsky), and she fought on the other side of the Pripyat, in Ukrainian Polissya. Having crossed the old state border in the m. Korets, the division entered the territory of Western Ukraine and fought local battles, gradually moving forward. The enemy resisted with the forces of trained garrisons stationed in large settlements: Rivne, Dubno, Lutsk, Gorokhov, etc.
On February 2-5, the division took part in the liberation of the city of Lutsk (Lutsk-Rivne offensive operation 01/27/1944-02/11/1944). There was a fight, the enemy used the old fortress (Lubert's fortress), forts on the hills around the city. The batteries of the division then did a good job and helped the infantry to storm the enemy fortifications. In Lutsk, prisoners were released from prison and a transit camp for captured military personnel of the spacecraft and partisans from the Fedorov detachment.
(Reference. Lutsk (regional center of the Volyn region) was occupied on June 25, 1941. It was liberated on February 2, 1944 by troops of the 1st UV during the Rivne-Lutsk operation:
13 A - 7 Guards. cd (major general Vasiliev Vyacheslav Dmitrievich), 1st Guards. KK (Lieutenant General Baranov Viktor Kirillovich).
The troops that participated in the liberation of Lutsk and other cities were thanked by order of the Supreme High Command of February 5, 1944, and saluted in Moscow with 20 artillery salvoes from 224 guns).
Sometimes the battles were of a variable nature, and the divisions even had to retreat with losses. So it was, for example, in the Lviv direction from Lutsk towards Gorokhov: st. Zvenyache, the villages of Kovban, Olgino, Tsekhuv and Kholunev. The enemy used tanks, motorized infantry and even an armored train. At the beginning of March 1944 the division joined the 76th rifle corps of the 13th army in 1944. From March 7 to March 22, as part of the Proskurov-Chernivtsi offensive operation, the 106th Rifle Trans-Baikal-Dnieper Division carried out a number of offensive operations, as a result of which 26 settlements, 128 square kilometers of Soviet territory were liberated, up to a thousand Nazis were destroyed and captured.
(Reference.
1. Proskurov-Chernivtsi offensive operation (March 4 - April 17, 1944) - an offensive operation of the Soviet troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front, carried out with the aim of defeating the main forces of the German Army Group "South" in cooperation with the troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front. Part of the offensive of the Soviet troops in the Right-Bank Ukraine in 1944.
2. Gorokhov was occupied on June 24, 1941. It was liberated on April 2, 1944 by troops of the 1st UV during the Proskurov-Chernivtsi operation;
13 A - part of the forces of 389 sd (Colonel Kolobov Leonid Aleksandrovich) 76 sk (lieutenant general Glukhov Mikhail Ivanovich).
Occupied on April 6, 1944. Released on July 13, 1944 by troops of the 1st UV during the Lvov-Sandomierz operation:
3 Guards A - 389th rifle division (Colonel Kolobov Leonid Alexandrovich) 22nd brigade (Major General Zakharov Fedor Vasilievich); 150 brigade (colonel Sergey Filippovich Pushkarev); 47 Gabr (Colonel Andrey Struev Stepanovich).
The troops that participated in breaking through the enemy defenses in the Lvov direction, during which Gorokhov and other cities were liberated, were thanked by order of the Supreme High Command of July 18, 1944, and saluted in Moscow with 20 artillery salvoes from 224 guns).
On March 29, the division received an order to change units of the 389th Infantry Division at the Khubin-Kolodezh-Boremel line and advance in the direction of the town of Druzhkopol from the next morning. Repelling enemy counterattacks using tanks and aircraft, the 106th moved forward with heavy fighting and liberated 34 more settlements in a week. On April 6, it moved to a tough defense at the Zvinyache-Galiciany line - the eastern outskirts of Boroshitsy. On the night of April 10, the division surrendered its positions to the 389th Infantry Division and marched to the Usiche, Aleksandrovka, Okhotsin area, where it became organizationally part of the 18th Army. On April 15, they stormed the town of Torchin. Until June 1944
occupied positional defense in the Torchin area, west of Lutsk. Military units were subjected to frequent bombardments by German aircraft (the division's artillery commander, Krasnov, was killed) and reconnaissance with combat. The largest of them took place in May from the direction of Kovel with the participation of enemy tanks and artillery.
Settlements of Volyn, which the division liberated: Lutsk, Kivertsy, Torchin, Gorokhov, Vladimir-Volynsky, Ustilug.
The division continued to successfully advance in the direction of Sokal.
(Reference. Sokal was occupied on June 22, 1941. It was liberated on July 19, 1944 by troops of the 1st UV during the Lvov-Sandomierz operation:
3 Guards A - 389th rifle division (Colonel Kolobov Leonid Alexandrovich) 22nd brigade (Major General Zakharov Fedor Vasilievich); 47 gabr (lieutenant colonel Charykov Nikolai Grigorievich).
1 Guards TA - 8 Guards. MK (Major General Dremov Ivan Fedorovich) consisting of: part of the forces of the 20th Guards. MBR (Colonel Gontarev Semyon Leontyevich), part of the forces of the 21st Guards. mbr (lieutenant colonel Zudov Leonid Alekseevich), 68 det. guards TP (Major Gavrishko Nikolai Iosifovich).
8 VA - 5 Shak (Major General Avts. Kamanin Nikolai Petrovich) consisting of: part of the forces of the 4th Guards. shad (colonel Saprykin Valentin Filippovich), part of the forces of 264 shad (colonel Yevgeny Vasilyevich Klobukov), part of the forces of 331 iad (colonel Semenenko Ivan Andreevich); 7th Iac (Major General Avts. Utin Alexander Vasilievich) consisting of: part of the forces of the 205th Iad (Colonel Machin Mikhail Grigorievich), part of the forces of the 304th Iad (Colonel Grisenko Alexander Ivanovich); part of the forces of the 5th Guards. Shad (Colonel Kolomeytsev Leonid Viktorovich) 1 Guards. sak (lieutenant general Avts. Zlatotsvetov Avraam Efimovich), part of the forces of the 1st Guards. bad (colonel Dobysh Fedor Ivanovich) 2nd Guards. tank (Major General Avts. Polbin Ivan Semenovich)).
After the capture of Sokal, the Lvov-Sandomierz offensive operation began (07/13/1944-08/29/1944), which was called the 6th of the "10 Stalinist strikes of 1944". The division advanced on the Rava-Russian direction and took part in its liberation.
(Reference. The city of Rava-Russkaya was occupied on June 27, 1941. It was liberated on July 20, 1944 by troops of the 1st UV during the Lvov-Sandomierz operation:
13 A - part of the forces of the 6th Guards. sd (major general Onuprienko Dmitry Platonovich) 27 sc (major general Cherokmanov Philip Mikhailovich).
8 VA - 7 Jacob (Major General Avts. Utin Alexander Vasilyevich) consisting of: 9 Guards. IAD (Colonel Pokryshkin Alexander Ivanovich), part of the forces of 304 IAD (Colonel Grisenko Alexander Ivanovich); part of the forces of the 4th Guards. Shad (Colonel Saprykin Valentin Filippovich) 5 Shak (Major General Ave. Kamanin Nikolai Petrovich).
By order of the Supreme High Command, the name Rava-Russians was given: 16 shisbr (colonel Kordyukov Boris Konstantinovich), 20 det. mpomb (major Petukhov Ignatiy Pavlovich), 93rd Guards. cap (lieutenant colonel Shumsky Konstantin Mefodievich), 95th guards. hat (lieutenant colonel Fedotov Petr Fedotovich), 108th guards. cap (lieutenant colonel Topilin Oleg Vladimirovich).
The troops that participated in the liberation of the cities of Rava-Russkaya and Vladimir-Volynsky were thanked by the order of the All-Russian Supreme Command of July 20, 1944 and saluted in Moscow with 20 artillery volleys from 224 guns).
After the liberation of Rava-Russkaya, the 106th SD came to the banks of the border river Western Bug. Settlements of the Lviv region, which the division liberated: Sokal, Kamenka-Bugskaya, Rava-Russkaya. On July 22, the division began, and by three o'clock the next day, completely crossed the border river Western Bug and entered the territory of Poland at the Kosnow-Romanow line. In the first Polish settlement of Kryluv, a strong battle took place. The Germans began to retreat to the Vistula. Continuing the rapid offensive, the Siberians crossed the Guchva River on the move, on 24.07 they broke into the town of Grabovets on the shoulders of the retreating enemy (Grabovets, Polish. Grabowiec - a rural commune (volost) in the Zamoysky powiat of the Lublin Voivodeship). Then there was Szczebrzeszyn (Polish Szczebrzeszyn - a city in the Zamoysky poviat of the Lublin Voivodeship), Janow-Lyubelsky (Polish Janów Lubelski - a city in the Janowska Powiat of the Lublin Voivodeship; has the status of an urban-rural commune) and Modlibozhice (Polish Modliborzyce - rural commune (volost ) in the Janowska powiat, Lublin Voivodeship). Bypassing the village of Krasnik, by five o'clock in the morning on July 30, the division reached the eastern bank of the Vistula in the town of Annopol (Polish Annopol - a city in Poland, part of the Lublin Voivodeship, Krasnitsky County; has the status of an urban-rural commune). The Germans blew up and burned the wooden bridge across the Vistula. In the battle on the banks of the Vistula, the division suffered heavy losses, as it was subjected to heavy artillery and mortar fire from that bank. On this large water line, the Nazis had powerful defensive fortifications, prepared in advance. Every meter of the shore and the river itself was carefully shot with artillery and small arms. The attackers had to overcome minefields, ditches, barbed wire under the crossfire of the enemy, who had settled in long-term firing points. In addition, the eastern coast was clearly visible to the Germans, which further complicated the fulfillment of the combat mission. But behind the 106th SD was the experience of the Dnieper, which she used on the Vistula to the fullest. On July 31, 27 daredevils from the 236th Nerchinsk Rifle Regiment, under strong artillery and machine-gun fire, crossed the river in the Opochka Mala area and entrenched themselves three hundred meters from the shore. Reflecting numerous and furious counterattacks of the enemy, the paratroopers defended the bridgehead, which was more and more expanded by the reinforcements arriving from the eastern coast.
On August 2 (on the night of August 3), despite the strongest resistance of the enemy, the division completely crossed the Vistula in the Leng-Rakovski sector and reached the bridgehead, which at first was small, and then expanded to three kilometers along the front and almost one in depth. The courage and skill of the Transbaikalian warriors, shown in carrying out this task, was noted with a high award. Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 09, 1944 No. The division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
Further battles for the Vistula were full of tragic turns. It should also be said about this: the path to the great Victory is not easy and smooth. The enemy was too strong and merciless to give up an important strategic line without bloodshed. The 106th, now part of the 120th Rifle Corps, took up a tough defense on the western bank. Due to the situation at the front, units of the 106th SD, who moved to the left bank of the Vistula, became hostages in the enemy's bridgehead. With their presence on the bridgehead across the Vistula, they had to divert, if possible, large enemy forces, because. at this time, the fate of Warsaw, which had risen against the Germans, was being decided. Although the division could at that tragic moment join in the Ozharova area with our troops at the Sandomierz bridgehead. The command made a very risky decision: to strengthen the occupied bridgehead, transfer all the forces of the division to it, including mortars and guns. Thus, we lost cover and fire support from the other side. The Annopolsky bridgehead itself was very unfavorably located for the division: open coastal terrain, without vegetation, only sand (it was impossible to dig in, equip protected firing positions). The enemy was located on the high-altitude part of the Vistula bank and accurately hit all targets from his numerous batteries.
By the evening of August 30, the enemy launched an exceptionally fierce attack on the positions of the division. This was preceded by a powerful artillery strike by twenty artillery and ten mortar batteries. Then, with the support of tanks, the Germans moved to our positions, wedged into the battle formations of the division. The situation was complicated by the fact that units of the 106th SD had by that time lost up to ninety percent of their anti-tank weapons. The rest of the defenses were destroyed in this battle. The soldiers of the 236th Infantry Regiment, which was surrounded and had access only to the Vistula, stubbornly resisted. Having practically no anti-tank weapons, the Nerchinsk people showed exceptional heroism and self-sacrifice, holding back enemy tanks and infantry for two days. Tanks were knocked out with grenades, allowing them to throw. How many heroes remained here forever nameless! With bundles of grenades, they threw themselves under the caterpillars of tanks ... But it became clear that, despite the heroism of the soldiers, the division would not hold its positions. The division commander, Colonel Vlasov, reported to the commander of the 120th Rifle Corps on August 31 that the enemy, having a threefold superiority in manpower and equipment, pressed the units to the very shore, it was not possible to hold positions.
By evening, the remnants of the 43rd and 188th rifle regiments were dropped into the Vistula. Only the 236th regiment continued to fight in the encirclement, or rather, what was left of it - forty people (out of 3182). Having shot the last cartridges, having received the order to leave the line of defense, they crossed to the east coast. The Vistula remained this time unconquered. And most of the division's soldiers lay forever on its western shore or were carried away by its muddy, blood-brown waves. Losses were terribly high - seventy percent of their personnel killed, wounded and missing. This is how the Annopol bridgehead on the Vistula ended its existence. Even our courage, the selflessness of the soldiers did not help to hold this foothold. Divisional Commander Vlasov was relieved of his post. And yet the task set - to divert large enemy forces and restrain him, was completed, albeit at such a price! The division was somehow replenished. From September until the end of the forty-fourth, the 106th SD took up positional defense on a nineteen-kilometer section of the Vistula bank from Yuzefuva-nad-Vistula (Poviat-Opole, Lublin Voivodeship) to Annopol and fought defensive battles of local importance. The 188th Argun regiment took up defense along the banks of the Vistula opposite the town of Zavikhost.
During the Lvov-Sandomierz offensive operation, the 106th Infantry Red Banner Trans-Baikal-Dnieper Division crossed 5 rivers * (* this statement is present in a large number of sources without listing which rivers. 4 rivers can be defined as the following: Western Bug, Guchva (Khuchva) , San, Vistula. But between Guchva and San there are at least 11-12 rivers: Volitsa, Veps, Por, Byala Lada, Bystrica, Ganev, Goradzhek, Dzvola, Bravka Gorna, Branev, Bialka, Wisloka (in the south east)). In July 1944, the division, overcoming the resistance of the enemy, breaking into its defenses, fought 548 km, liberated 170 settlements and an area of ​​3240 square meters. km, destroyed about twenty thousand enemy soldiers and officers, 2214 rifles, 239 guns, 115 tanks. Division losses: 2419 people killed, 7380 wounded.
In the early days of the forty-fifth, the division was relocated across the San and Vistula rivers to the Sandomierz bridgehead to participate in the Sandomierz-Silesian offensive operation (01/12/1945-02/03/1945), as part of the strategic Vistula-Oder offensive operation. There are memoirs of the medical assistant of the sanitary battalion of the 188th Argun regiment of the 106th SD Mikhail Smirnov “On the Roads of War”, in which he writes that the crossing across the Vistula to the Sandomierz bridgehead took place on the night of the New 1945: >>
The movement pattern of the division at this time is as follows. On January 3, the headquarters of the 106th relocated to Dombrov. The fourth division makes a throw along the route Dombrov-Szczecin-Chvalovitsky-Radomysl-Zaleshany-Sandomierz-Shlyakhetsky-Mlyzhki-Pulachow and concentrates in the town of Wonvorkow. On the night of January 13-14, a new order was received, according to which the 106th, having made another throw, concentrated in the forest, three kilometers east of Rakuv, in readiness to build on the success of the units advancing ahead. On January 15, the division went on the offensive in the general direction of Rakow - Szydłowiec and further - Skarzysko-Kamienna - Breslau (Wroclaw) and fought continuously until February 3, 1945.
She took part in the liberation of Kielce (liberated on February 14, 1945), without entering the city itself, liberated the territories north of Kielce. 01/18/45 During the counterattack of the Germans in the commune of Stompork in the Konsk Voivodeship (north-west of the city of Kielce), there were significant losses of personnel of the 236th Nerchinsk Regiment. The division met serious enemy resistance on the Warta River. January 25 - significant in the history of the division: on this day in the Przystajnia area * (* the village of Przystajnia in the Gmina Brzeziny commune of the Kalisz county of the Greater Poland Voivodeship Poland, not far from the Prosna River), its vanguard crossed the border of Nazi Germany (the old border between Poland and Germany, inclusive until 1945). On January 27, the division passed through the Krotoszyn commune and Krotoshin (Polish Krotoszyn, German Krotoschin - a city in Poland, part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Krotoszyn County. It has the status of an urban-rural commune).
By February 3, the 106th reached the eastern bank of the Oder River and occupied a defense zone in the Oderek-Kontopp sector. The Vistula-Oder offensive operation was successfully completed. Germany was ahead. And Berlin is about 550 km away. The Oder was protected from both banks by high dams, across the river the Germans were at home, ready for a fierce battle. On February 8, the 3rd Guards Army launched a decisive offensive. The 106th SD was then at the very junction of two fronts: the 1st Ukrainian, and the adjacent 1st Belorussian. Being on its right flank of the 3rd Guards Army, the division received the task of securing a junction, firmly holding the occupied line. February 15-16, 1945 the division crossed the Oder in the Beiten area with the help of rafts mounted on pontoons under cover of fire from cannons and mortars.
The Frankfurt-Guben operation began, which lasted almost until the end of April 1944.
(In Soviet documents and studies, it was usually called Frankfurt-Gubenskaya, after the line of defense on the Oder, which occupied a significant part of it by the beginning of the Berlin operation. In Western literature, the battles of encirclement are usually associated with the name of the village of Halbe, which became the site of fierce battles of the remnants of the encircled group under a breakthrough from the "cauldron" to the west. Binding the name of the "cauldron" to Halba is considered quite appropriate, since it was here that the units thrown back from the front in front of the Kustrinsky bridgehead from positions on the Oder and from the northern flank of the offensive of the 1st Ukrainian Front gathered. offensive operation of the Soviet troops, as a result of which the grouping of German troops, the 9th Army and parts of the 4th Panzer Army, with a total complexity of up to 200,000 people, was surrounded.The enemy armored group had almost 200 tanks and self-propelled guns, including heavy "tigers" of various options and assault guns based on them.The process of encirclement was facilitated by almost the complete lack of fuel from the Germans and the inaction of aviation, but it so happened that the tank units of the 1st Ukrainian Front were aimed at Berlin and the rifle units had to repel the counterattacks).
She took Grinberg (Grunberg, now Zielona Gora, Poland), Guben (now the border town of Poland on the border with Germany). Grinberg and then Guben were the first German cities to be turned into fortresses for the defense of the enemy. Continuing the offensive, on February 25, she left the city of Guben to the Neisse River. Fierce street fighting took place in Guben. Each house is a well-fortified firing position; the enemy fired from windows, from basements, from the attics of buildings, from the hatches of various communications, and even from the entrances to shelters intended for the elderly, the sick, women and children. March and half of April fought defensive battles from the liberated half of the German city of Forst on the right side of the Neisse River. Here the division received a directive that pleased everyone: it would participate in the Berlin operation (April 16, 1945 - May 8, 1945) and advance from the south to Berlin along the Cottbus-Berlin highway. This joyful news raised the morale of the soldiers.
On April 16, the 106th SD received a new task: to force the Neisse, to completely capture the city of Forst. The offensive operation began with the fact that, under the cover of strong artillery preparation, the troops of the 106th SD crossed the Neisse. Having completed the task, the 106th SD on April 22 reached the Spree River, captured the cities of Gurov, Verben, Burg. On April 25, she saddled the Berlin-Cottbus motorway, leaving the city of Cottbus aside. The combat route of the Trans-Baikal-Dnieper division to Berlin passed through Baden and Polo, Luben and Lubenau, Luckenwalde and other large German settlements. And everywhere there is a fierce battle, enemy counterattacks. In some places ahead of the attackers, civilians suddenly emerged from the forest with white signs of readiness to surrender. Next came the German submachine gunners, who from short distances opened heavy fire both on their own and in the direction of our positions. War, battles became extremely cruel, inhuman. The rules of warfare for our enemy no longer existed.
On the eve of May Day, the Dnieper-Zabaykalskaya region is conducting intense battles to destroy the encircled fascist group in the area of ​​​​the cities of Fetschau, Breezen, Wendish, Buchholz, as a result of which significant damage was inflicted on the enemy.
April 30 entered Berlin from the south. The city was destroyed, the ruins were smoking. At the same time, a huge mass of troops and a huge manpower accumulated in Berlin. On May 2, it became surprisingly quiet in Berlin, only the smoke of guns over the city had not yet dissipated. People could not believe that the war ended so quickly and suddenly, although everyone was waiting for it!
But for the soldiers of the 106th Red Banner Rifle Division of the Trans-Baikal-Dnieper, the war did not end in May - it smashed the remnants of fascist gangs almost until mid-June 1945.
The insurgent Prague turned on the radio for help: “Prague is speaking! We send a fiery appeal to the valiant Red Army! We need your help!". On May 1, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front (Marshal I.S. Konev), participating in the Berlin operation, received a directive from the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command of the Red Army: to use parts of its right wing "for a swift offensive in the general direction of the city of Prague." On May 2, the 2nd Ukrainian Front received a directive: “to deploy the main forces of the front to the west and strike in a general direction on Jihlava, Prague” with the task after May 12-14 “to reach the river. Vltava and capture Prague. On May 06, the 106th Red Banner Rifle Division of the Trans-Baikal-Dnieper Division as part of a large group of troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front with a quick march (Marshal Konev gave the order: regardless of the fatigue of the personnel, develop the offensive at a fast pace - 30-40 km, and tanks - 50 km per day) moved south across Germany in the direction of Dresden-Prague to participate in the Prague Offensive (May 5-12, 1945)
After the fall of Berlin on May 02, 1945. units of the Wehrmacht, concentrated on the territory of the Czech Republic, continued to fiercely resist the Red Army. By the end of the war, the largest grouping of the German armies "Center" was stationed here under the command of Field Marshal F. Schörner, numbering about a million soldiers and officers. By the beginning of May, she was in a giant "boiler". Here is how Marshal of the Soviet Union Ivan Konev described the situation at that time, speaking in Prague on May 9, 1946, on the first anniversary of liberation: “In early May of last year, German troops in Central and Northern Germany were completely defeated and capitulated. In the south, starting from Dresden and further to the east and southeast, the German armies under the command of Field Marshal Schörner, totaling about a million people, retained their combat effectiveness, organization, management, and, not obeying the order of the glorious capitulation command, continued to put up stubborn resistance.
The front, in its former understanding, as a line of battle positions, no longer existed, but the war did not completely die out. Armed Germans were everywhere, the German military, who did not surrender, were hiding and making their way home and to the west. There were often single, insidious, criminal shots and automatic bursts.
A memorable event on the way of the division was the exit on May 06 to the Elbe and the crossing of the river in the region of Bor. It was as if there had never been a war here: there was a crossing, everything was done by German specialists, our soldiers were ordinary “passengers” for them. (At least 2 sources claim that after crossing the Elbe south of Torgau, the division met with the allied forces. True, no other details were provided. On the other hand, the commander of the mounted regimental artillery battery of 76-mm cannons of the 43rd Daurian Rifle Regiment 106- Berends K.K., who described in detail the combat path of the division, did not report any meeting with the allies immediately after the crossing of the Elbe.The meeting happened near the city of Pilsen, but it was not pleasant (see below).
The 106th SD broke into Dresden on the morning of May 8, 1945. and took possession of its northwestern part. Dresden lay in ruins, the center of the ancient city was completely destroyed. It was bombed by Anglo-American aircraft, burying thousands of people under the ruins.
On the pass of the Ore Mountains, on the border of Germany with the Czech Republic (the northern border of the Czech Republic), a battle took place. The Germans put up a barrier, which was destroyed. Having overcome the Ore Mountains, our troops moved further along the highway along the Laba River. On the evening of May 8, units of the 1st Ukrainian Front entered the territory of the Czech Republic and undertook a forced march towards Prague, passing 80 km on the night of May 8-9. At dawn on May 9, 1945, the 106th SD entered Prague from the north, but our tanks were the first to break into the city (tank armies of the 1st Ukrainian Front under the command of Generals D.D. Lelyushenko and P.S. Rybalko entered Prague with north and northwest).
Only in certain places in Prague, located on the hilly banks of the Vltava, was a rare exchange of fire heard and smoke rising. Almost all citizens took to the streets and squares, many had large bouquets of flowers in their hands. Flowers were given to our soldiers, flowers were sprinkled on the streets in front of them. There was sincere fraternization with the Czechs: our soldiers were hugged, kissed, thanked for the fact that they came to the rescue, saved Prague from destruction, saved the lives of many of its inhabitants.
Here, the soldiers of the 106th Infantry Red Banner Transbaikal-Dnieper Division were caught by the official announcement of the end of the war. On the territory of Czechoslovakia, there remained many armed formations who had escaped defeat and captivity, who were hiding from trial and retribution and sought to leave for the West. Our troops were to become a force barrier on the border between the occupation zones of our allies in the war. Near the city of Pilsen, in the south of the Czech Republic, there was an incident with the "allies". The Americans did not let our troops into this city, despite the agreement adopted by the political leaders. The meeting with the Americans on one of the roads to Pilsen was far from jubilant: both sides froze in anxious expectation in front of each other at a distance of a shot, demonstrating restraint and calmness. Our command made the right decision: our units turned and left. The path of the division passed through the resort areas of the Czech Republic in the direction of Karlovy Vary. Passed Lazne (Marianske Lazne, Frantiskovy Lazne).
According to the memoirs of Daria Leonidovna Azarova, a participant in those events, a military nurse of the 65th separate medical and sanitary battalion, the 106th SD smashed the remnants of fascist gangs in the Czech Republic until May 20, 1945. (“Women in the War” (Research and search work on local history. Belgorod region, 2008. http://do.gendocs.ru/docs/index-328870.html).
In the memoirs of a submachine gunner of the company of the 188th Argun Rifle Regiment of the 106th Rifle Trans-Baikal-Dnieper Division, in the post-war period, the chairman of the council of veterans of this division in Belarus, Colonel Klygo Vladimir Iustinovich, “On May 27, in the city of Kralovice, the soldiers of the division joyfully celebrated the Victory.”
And from the memoirs of the commander of the equestrian regimental artillery battery of 76-mm cannons of the 43rd Daursky infantry regiment, Berends Kirill Konstantinovich until the beginning of June 1945. Moreover, he does not indicate the exact date of the end of the division's campaign, because. June 04, 1945 was wounded near the airport of Karlovy Vary and sent to the hospital. The city itself was occupied by the Americans in early May. Here is how K. Berends describes his last fight
>> (“From a soldier to a general: Memories of the war.” Volume 2. MAI Publishing House. 2003: “From now on, consider it Red Banner”).
In the memoirs of Klygo V.I., that “on June 6, 1945, the demobilization of older soldiers began. The rest were placed at the disposal of the 5th Army.
So on the territory of the Czech Republic in early June 1945. The glorious combat path of the 106th Red Banner Rifle Division of the Trans-Baikal-Dnieper ended.
By decree of 06/04/1945, the 106th Red Banner Dnieper-Transbaikal Division was awarded the Order of Suvorov II degree for the capture of the city of Dresden. During the fighting, in the orders of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, the division was noted 17 times as distinguished. The high assessment of the military operations of the border guards, given by the Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov: “I personally saw and will never forget how bravely and staunchly the border guards fought near Moscow, Leningrad and Stalingrad, near Kursk, in Ukraine, in Belarus. I have always been calm about those sectors of the front where the border troops were on the defensive or went on the offensive. The enemy also appreciated the courage and devotion to the Motherland of the border troops. Hitler is credited with the words “Do not take the border guards and commissars prisoner. Destroy on the spot.
Disbanded in June 1945 due to the end of the Great Patriotic War.
Awards, honorary titles of the division and its regiments:
1. By order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army No. 40 dated 11/17/1943 “On the assignment of honorary names to formations and units that distinguished themselves in forcing the Dnieper River”, the division was given the honorary name “Dneprovskaya”.
2. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 08/09/1944, the division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
3. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 06/04/1945, the division was awarded the Order of Suvorov, 2nd class.
4. By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 05/00/1945, 188th Argun Rifle Regiment was awarded the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, 2nd class.
5. Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 05/00/1945 236 Nerchinsk Rifle Regiment was awarded the Order of Kutuzov 3 tbsp.
6. By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 00.00.1944, the 362nd Artillery Regiment was awarded the Order of Suvorov, 3rd class.
7. By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 00.00.1944, the 362nd Artillery Regiment was awarded the Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 2nd class.
8. By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 00.00.1944, the 43rd Regiment was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
9. By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 00.00.1944, the 43rd regiment was awarded the Order of Kutuzov, 3rd class.

Awards of the personnel of the 106th SD:
8183 (according to other sources - about 12,000) officers and soldiers of the division were awarded orders and medals of the Soviet Union, incl. -
Order of Lenin - 3;
1. Order of the Red Banner - 166;
2. Order of Alexander Nevsky - 3;
3. Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky 3 tbsp. - nine;
4. Order of Suvorov 3 tbsp. – 3;
5. Order of Kutuzov 3 tbsp. - one;
6. Order of the Patriotic War 2 tbsp. - 198;
7. Order of the Patriotic War 1 tbsp. - 198;
8. Order of the Red Star - 1916;
49 soldiers were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Abstract on the topic:

106th Rifle Division (1st Formation)

Plan:

Introduction

• 1 History of formation and combat path
• 2 Submission
• 3 Composition of the division
• 4 Division commanders
  • 4.1 Headquarters and others
Literature
.1 Notes

Introduction

In total, the 106th Rifle Division was formed 2 times. See list of other formations

106th Rifle Division (1st Formation)- military unit of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War.

(not to be confused with the 106th separate motorized (motorized rifle) division of Major Monakhov K.S., which operated in July - October 1941 as part of the 24th Army of the Reserve Front, which, after losing its equipment in the battles near Yelnya, was transformed into 106- th rifle division (2nd formation?)).

1. History of formation and combat path

The division was formed on the basis of the troops of the North Caucasian Military District on July 16, 1940, and in May 1941 it was redeployed to the Odessa Military District. By the beginning of World War II, it was located in the vicinity of Evpatoria and consisted of up to 12,000 people. On June 24, 1941, in accordance with the directive of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command No. 20466, the division was included in the 9th Special Rifle Corps of the Southern Front. The formation was tasked with defending the southwestern part of the Crimea from sea and air assault forces. The total length of the defense line was about 200 km - from the settlement of Ak-Mechet to the village of Alma-Tomak. On August 14, the division was included in the 51st separate army and two days later received an order to withdraw to new positions. For the defense of the Evpatoria coast, one of the rifle regiments and an artillery division were left.

In the second half of August, the division took up positions on a 70-kilometer section of the front stretching along the southern coast of the Sivash, and stopped repeated attempts by the advanced units of the 46th Wehrmacht Infantry Division to seize the exit to the Crimea from Karpovaya Balka. The enemy was never able to achieve success on this sector of the front. By September 28, the division was withdrawn to the Ishun positions. In early November, she carried out the task of preventing the breakthrough of German troops to the Armyansk-Dzhankoy railway, and then covered the withdrawal of units of the 51st Army to Kerch. During the fighting, division units suffered heavy losses; the number of fighters in rifle companies did not exceed twenty people. In mid-November, she was evacuated to the Taman Peninsula. Upon arrival, the division, which included 5481 people, was transferred to the 56th Army. In the winter of 1941/42, it was based in the vicinity of Rostov-on-Don, and then was transferred to the disposal of the 57th Army of the Southern Front.

By the beginning of May 1942, the division was reassigned to the 9th Army of the Southwestern Front, which took up defensive positions along the southern front of the Barvenkovsky bridgehead. During the offensive of the 16th German Panzer Division, which began in mid-May, the 106th Division was forced on May 18 to withdraw to the left bank of the Seversky Donets River, in the Izyum region, and gain a foothold in new positions. In the summer of 1942, the division took part in the Donbass defensive operation, which ended in mid-July with the encirclement of a large group of Soviet troops by the 40th and 3rd tank corps of the Wehrmacht in the Millerovo area (Voronezh region). Having suffered heavy losses, the division fought out of the encirclement.

2. Submission

3. The composition of the division

Rifle regiments:

553rd (until 07/03/1942)

Separate howitzer regiment (? until November 1941)

Separate tank battalion (until 08/20/1941)

201st separate anti-tank battalion

430th separate anti-aircraft battery (449th separate anti-aircraft artillery battalion)

156th engineer battalion

500th separate communications battalion

143rd medical battalion

Logistics units

4. Division commanders

4.1. Headquarters and others

Literature

• Batov P.I. In campaigns and battles. M.: Military publishing house. 1974.

• Eremenko A.I. At the beginning of the war. M. Science. 1964

• Lensky A.G. Ground forces of the Red Army in the prewar years. Directory.

• Pervushin A.N. Roads that we did not choose. M.: DOSAAF. 1971

Notes

1. MILITARY LITERATURE - [ Biographies ] - Isaev A.V. Georgy Zhukov - militera.lib.ru/bio/isaev_av_zhukov/07.html
2. http://smol1941.narod.ru/glava1.htm - smol1941.narod.ru/glava1.htm)
3. Sevastopol Strada - 2 - TVS Forum - www.forum-tvs.ru/index.php?showtopic=60926
4. Publishing system Litsovet: "Chapters 6-15 Description of objects 1", Odissey - www.litsovet.ru/index.php/material.read?material_id=168081
5. 106th Infantry Division - page of the Memory Club of Voronezh State University - samsv.narod.ru/Div/Sd/sd106/main1.html
6. 1 2 Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 - Memoirs - Batov P.I. In campaigns and battles - victory.mil.ru/lib/books/memo/batov/01.html
7. Saltykov N. D. Reporting to the General Staff. - M.: 1983; http://militera.lib.ru/memo/russian/saltykov_hd/01.html - militera.lib.ru/memo/russian/saltykov_hd/01.html
8. 12th tank brigade - page of the "Memory" club of Voronezh State University - samsv.narod.ru/Br/Tbr/tbr012/h2.html
9. http://www.rkka.ru/handbook/reg/106sd40.htm - www.rkka.ru/handbook/reg/106sd40.htm
10. Sevastopol.ws:: History:: Recent history:: Armored vehicles in the battles for the Crimea (1941-1942) - www.sevastopol.ws/Pages/?aid=82
11. Forum RKKA.RU - vif2ne.ru/rkka/forum/0/archive/11/11858.htm
12. http://docs.vif2.ru/misc/Spravochnik%20Lenskogo.rtf - docs.vif2.ru/misc/Spravochnik Lenskogo.rtf

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This abstract is based on an article from the Russian Wikipedia. Synchronization completed 07/13/11 07:07:14
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