The roof of the ceiling without a attic. Ceiling insulation in the house: principles and features, materials, work technology

Now the construction of the house in which the attic room is not provided is becoming more. In this case, the roof serves both both the ceiling, and the house without a attic will be higher and more spacious. However, such a solution causes some difficulties in terms of heat saving and the arrangement of the corresponding heat insulating structure.

Ways to improve the insulation layer

When the roof is erected, you can use an outdoor laying of insulation. However, this is possible only at the construction stage of the house - no one will disassemble the finished roof to pave the insulation there. Therefore, another approach is used more often - internal insulation. Regardless of the selected method, it is necessary to properly put all the concomitant materials and the approximate location is shown in the diagram below.

Selection of insulation

Warming materials on the market is a very large amount. It is necessary to choose from your financial capabilities, but, first of all, it is necessary to consider that such a roof must be very warm, since additional protection from the cold in the form of an attic will not be. Therefore, it is better to choose from time proven and fairly effective options:

• Sprayed polyurethane foam

Any of these heat-saving materials has characteristic advantages or minuses, however, they can all provide high-quality insulation of the roof, simultaneously serving the ceiling of residential premises.

Minvata.

To install this type of thermal insulation, you will need to purchase an additional special film - the membrane. Which passes wet air only one way. In addition to the vaporizolation membrane, the film is needed for waterproofing the heat insulator from the outside. They are necessary in order to ensure the safety of the insulation and the extension of its service life. Films prevent water from entering the insulated layer and deformation of minvati in the investigation of the wet.

Mineral wool is stacked in the operators of the rafter system in such a way that there are no gaps between the insulation plates and rafters. With the outer and inner sides of the wool closes by a vapor insulating and waterproofing film. From the outside, under the roofing material, it is necessary to preserve the ventilation gap, which allows you to remove the excess of excess wet air.

Penoplex.

In its composition, it is practically a relative of the foam. The method of manufacturing material other, but, externally, in its properties, these insulation are very similar. Additional materials in the form of films or membranes are not required here. You can use such insulation both with external works and when insulation from the inside.

Installation is carried out in the openings between the plumbing boards on glue or, which happens more often - on the mounting foam. It is also filled with all the gaps between the individual plates and the rest of the gaps. It is worth remembering that the fastener layer that provides the same isolation compared to the Minvata is much thinner.

Sprayed insulation

Polyurethane foam applied with the sprayer - the most modern solution today. However, its cost will be higher than all other options. At the same time, the roof and ceiling, insulated PPU in the house without a attic, will be completely impenetrable for air, so that it will be necessary to consider the system ventilation system.

Otherwise, it will be one of the most effective solutions, since the PU sprayed is distinguished by excellent heat conservation indicators with a minimum thickness of the applied material. At the same time, it is not necessary to perform work independently - everyone will do trained people, since the application technology of PPU is not as simple as special equipment may seem for work.

A single roof, according to modern architects, has the main crucial importance in the development of not only housing economy class, but also stylish. After all, those strength and costs that usually go to the construction of multi-communal, can now be directed to the exterior. For example, on the construction of the pool in front of the house or an extension of the barbecue terrace. And the rest of the same single roof is not inferior at all in anything.

Therefore, it does not mean that the house with a single-sided roof will be unscrewed or too simple. On the contrary, playing with the inclination and direction of such a design, roofing material and internal space, you will receive a unique architectural project, which will not be exactly from your friends. And our site will make such a house inexpensive in construction and modern and inside, and outside!

Architectural Benefits of Single Roofs

Of course, where the dive roofs existed by millennia, everything unusual seems ugly and ridiculous. But the Eiffel Tower in France in the first years of construction embarrassed the locals in their "non-community."

Fashion for single-sided European villas came to Russian expanses recently. And still separately taken architects will rebel against such a trend, calling the monorscate roofs exclusively "Saraine" and arguing that customers do not even look at similar projects.

But in fact, not only the customers of their future "dream houses", but the self-building with golden hands are increasingly making roofs of their buildings with one-sided, with different angles, direction and combination with other roofs. Because, besides a more dynamic look, which can only give a tilt plane, single-sided roofs are more functional and even economical.

Most often in world practice, single-table roofs can be found in Finnish houses, which are known for their pleasant combination of modesty and desiccation:

.

In warm and hot countries, houses with a single-table roof are especially popular: no insulation from the inside, the design always looks original, and on costs such a roof is much cheaper. So the northern countries began to adopt this useful fashion.

For example, not so long ago in Norway created a new type of residential building - high-tech, with a single-sided inclination at 19 °. He himself produces energy, thanks to the solar panels on the roof: the atrium has a sufficient thermal mass to accumulate enough heat for the day and give it all night. And not only to give, but also to provide the whole house of electricity.

And for water heating of walls and floors, the rainwater is heated by the sun, which flows through a single-sided roof right in the drain. With the usual double or holm roof, all this could not be realized!

Is it worth making a "single table" for a residential building?

Until recently, one-piece roofs could not be called popular in Russia. It so developed historicals that, because of the winds and abundant snow in this country, it was the most practical precious roofs that were sharp, which in the more snow regions were sharp, and in more windy - gentlemen.

And the purely visual indigenous population is accustomed to seeing the roof houses with a slope at least 30-40 °, where there is a traditional attic for storage of the most different. Single roofs carry such inconveniences:

1. Understanding space at the Upper Mauerlat. Under the attic you do not use it, and the attic is obtained unusual. Leave without a attic - then the entire interior geometry will seem broken and cause discomfort.
2. On a single-sided roof, rainwater has two times greater pressure than the duplex. Why? Everything is simple: all the liquid flows on one slope, which will fall on it until it falls to the ground. And if you take and break this scat in half, "house", now the water will be divided into two streams in the skate. And this is twice as fewer and influx. That is why single-sided roofs are problematic in terms of leakage, especially if it is incorrect to approach the choice of roofing material.
3. Single roof is one holistic plane, and this is a real sail. That is why when storms and strong winds, exactly such roofs suffer.
4. The need for a solid rafter system. The load here is always distributed less than a bartal roof, and therefore rafters will have to be thicker and stronger.
5. A complicated ventilation system, which sometimes pay no attention at all, and then surprised by the short term of such roofs.
6. A minus of such a roof is that it will have to clean it in abundant snowfall, otherwise the roofing material and construction system can happen. And on ordinary days, on the contrary, the snow itself comes from such a roof, and not avalanche, but gradually.
7. Unpopularity of experiments. Even more: neither rich, nor poor, and designers do not want to risk their own investments in the construction and are at all in despair from any unusual roof.

So because of all these reasons, single-sided roofs in our country in 99% of cases are found only on the baths, garages and summer country houses. Although at the same time in a minor and not particularly windy region, such a roof could bring a lot of bonuses, including the same unusual stylish design.

Frame houses with a single-room roof are considered the most energy saving. This is not given that the South Wall area in such a house will be the biggest, and the northern wall is the smallest. Now see a difference with bounce projects? Moreover, the north side itself is still built without windows, and serves as one of the walls of the utility room: boilers, a boiler or trap, where the garden inventory is stored. But the presence of an attic under the roof in private construction is already considered to be taught his time.

A single roof is wonderful what possesses:

• Simple design. So simple that with a small private construction for her do not even make much accurate calculations. Here you do not need to customize the skates to each other, seek the identity of their weight and load on the walls. No complex supporting systems are needed, which are often found in other types of roofs.
• High practicality. In addition to the main functions of the roof, it is also used as an open platform for a variety of purposes.
• Reliability. In view of its simplicity and simpleness, such a roof is also the most reliable among all others.

And from the practical sides, we allocate such:

1. The ability to arrange a house without a attic and associated problems.
2. The original ceiling geometry, which is involved as a separate designer element.
3. Lack of skate and cracks under it.
4. The ability to remove rainwater and snow from the roof only one way - where the skate is tilted. It is important if people (like on the streets of the city) go straight before your home or you broke a beautiful garden and do not want to pour it into the rains.

And, of course, simplicity of construction works:

Know-how: combinations of single-sided roofs

There is one new architectural fashion: a bartal roof that consists of two single, but not connected in a skate. And technologically speech is still about two separate single-sided roofs, which are built in all the rules. And in the middle there is either a flat part or an open terrace between two half at home. An incredibly successful and functional solution, we note that allows you to add more natural lighting to the house.

Houses with a single-table roof are recognized worldwide as the most favorable energy saving. What is not surprising, because the cube in this regard also takes first place, and what then is such a house, if not a cube?

Now we will open you a secret: everything is in compactness. Any building is called compact if he has how much the minimum area of \u200b\u200ball external surfaces is possible. So, the house is sometimes built by fairly precipitated projects, when almost every room - three outer walls, plus another complex roof. And sometimes so that the rooms are just one such wall, and the roof is generally a single one.

What is the essence? The smaller such outer surfaces that are in contact with cold street air, the house itself will be warmer. That is why compactness is so important in construction!

In this design, everything is simple: one-piece roofs are built on the same templates, but rely on two parallel Maurolalat-run. And the main advantage is that such a faithful design does not "push the walls of the house with its pressure, and, it means that the skeleton structure is already much less than the requirements for strength. True, in such a house there must be a minimum of two inner walls.

And in modern architecture, a new style has appeared relatively recently: combined into a single whole roof, which have a slope in different directions.

Modern frame house: from the foundation - to the roof

The skeleton house with a single-sided roof is a construction of sawn timber and fastened wood panels. The frame of such a house itself should be built either from the metal or from a solid vehicle. It is solid, while rafters on the roof should be made just from coniferous rocks. Now explain.

The fact is that solid wood breeds have the property of keeping a geometric shape and not change over time: do not so much, do not sit down, do not get out. And, of course, on bending, in view of such properties, they work badly. But the coniferous rocks are just good because they perfectly cope with dynamic loads, why the walls are made static and durable, and rafters are more flexible and withstanding and shrinking at home, and a small deflection due to snow.

Although wonderful houses are obtained on a metal frame:

Fundament device under frame house

Under a small one-storey house is easiest to make a column foundation. But, if you build a good two-storey skeleton house with a single roof, the technology will be a bit different.

The fact is that a simple columnar foundation is no longer suitable here. The frame house is worse than any other tolerate seasonal movements of the soil, the emergence of the Earth or other similar problems, and therefore experienced builders advise the slab foundation under it. This takes all the dynamic load on itself, and the integrity of the frame is preserved.

Therefore, for a two-storey building, do just such a foundation:

Or a more modern warmed Swedish plate:

Frame construction technologies

There are two main technologies of frame construction.

Frame-panel technology

In this case, the frame house is built from different separate building materials: bars, facing, insulation, interior decoration, steam and waterproofing. All this is attached to the frame in its sequence, and in the end we have a house that is not worse than the buildings from the bar.

Here is a good example of construction according to this technology:

And the main components of the house built on such technology look like this:

Frameless technology

To build such houses, a detailed project is made initially, according to which the shields of the required size are manufactured in the factory. We are talking about multilayer panels, in which the inner covering, insulation and all kinds of insulation are already initially included. All you need is just consolidating these shields on the frame of the house, which takes most of two days. As a result, the whole house, ranging from the design and ending with the arrangement of the roof, is built in just a week.

So, insulated SIP panels are most popular in frame-panel technology. SIP is a wall panel that is intended to carry longitudinal loads. The frame house on the Canadian technology, which just provides for the use of SIP, is particularly warm and holistic.

And when building a frame house from such a material, such a question arises: and the roof do from the same material, or is it still traditional? With beams, rafters and crate? The fact is that everything solves the length of the overlap.

So, with small spans, up to 5-6 meters, a single skeleton roof of the frame house may well be from SIP. It will be already insulated, durable and easy to perform. Moreover, SIP has good bending strength. But for large spans, it is better to build traditional overlap and reinforced rafters. After all, it is not to make a complex roof from SIP, but just a single one enough:

It is just important to know how to properly connect the beams of overlapping with such walls:

Single Roof Device on Frame House

A single roof in the design world is also called monoskat. The house with such a roof modern architects see somehow differently than single or holm: easier, air and stylish.

A single roof wardly behaves here where spans from 6 to 8 meters. Usually the slope of the skate is made to the north, and in the southern facades there are large windows. Often, the outer insulation of such a roof is practiced: from above extrusion polystyrene foam, which is covered with cement tie, and on top of it - roofing carpet.

What is also good, the drainage system in such a roof is simplified and only needed on one side, and not on two or four immediately. But this is not necessary: \u200b\u200bin the south-sided side of the skate abroad, solar collectors are often equipped.

Step 1. Design

A single-sided roof of any format is always different from the batch that the rafters are not connected in the skate, and both ends are attached to the walls of the building. Those. Skate as such is not at all. The only exception is a run on which the utterance rafters are attached, but it never exceeds the level of the entire skate.

If you are stationing on frame-panel technology, then you will easily create the difference between the walls:

But if you are using a sip-panel or walls have already been made of one height, then it will have to make rafting farms.

Crowned rafters in a single roof are done when the building has an inner strong partition. After all, the longer the rafter leg, the more the danger of its deflection or turning. And therefore, if there is an opportunity to rest such rafters - you need to use it.

In this case, a run is mounted on the carrier partition:

Now the rafters are already twice as soon as possible - so that each of them one of them rests on the wall, and the second is on the run. And be sure to check the angle of inclination of such rafters with a laser level - it must completely coincide. And externally, such a roof will not differ from simpler single one-stop.

But in general, the coolest rafters of a single-table roof can be in all these versions:

Although the rolling rafters in a single roof of the skeleton house can be generally failing:

Hanging rafters are good because they can be constructed directly on Earth, in the form of ready-made farms. After all, their main difference from the consistency in the fact that the load is now transmitted to the rafter triangle itself, and not on the walls of the building. And it is quite reasonable, because most often one-sided roofs are arranged just on small buildings, such as a bath, a garage or a lot. And the walls are usually not happy with a special fortress.

That's how to decide: if your construction is not distinguished by the monumentality of the walls, make hanging rafters, and if more or less strong and there is an inner wall - then wean. The choice is quite simple!

Step 2. Cutout under Mauerlat

Defined? Then clarify the future angle of inclination of such a roof and make a template for rafters:

And the cutout itself needs to be done to open the rafters of a single-piece roof at Mauerlala. The main task of Mauerlat is to compensate the horizontal irregularities of the walls. That is why when it is laying, be sure to arm the construction level.

Step 3. Manufacturing rafters

For this task you will need such fasteners:

And how difficult, you have rafters, it depends on what load on them is planned. The higher, the rafters should be more reinforced from the inside:

Step 4. Calculation of the crate

As soon as fasten the rafters, go to the crate. The smaller the slope of a single-table roof, the more often the cutter should be (up to solid):

And on the sharpening skates - that already the soul wishes, only in advance, calculate the weight of roofing on the whole house and the foundation:

It remains only to lay the selected roofing and organize water. Which, fortunately, is made in a single-sided roof on one side:

Step 6. Gloomy

With a relatively recently, a new fashion squeak appeared in frame construction: cleanliness, laconicism and many glass surfaces. What is the easiest way to achieve precisely by framework technology, for which the presence of a single-piece roof instead of massive and clumsy multicate - real sweat:

The easiest, according to modern architects, the way to bring more light into the frame house is more light and ease - make transparent inserts into the roof or and and at all the light-minded one part. For example, over the covered veranda or part over the attic. And in fact, it is not about glass at all, but just about modern roofing polycarbonate, which is more often used by monolithic or corrugated. About this on our site there is a separate article, and here we note only some technical moments.

Choosing a polycarbonate thickness that you are going to use for the construction of the roof, calculate in advance climatic and static loads. You probably saw the photo, where are beautiful durable greenhouses for spring turn out to be fully barred roofs? And all because when buying the owners, they decided to save on quality, without having calculated, such tons of snow fall out with harsh Russian winter. You would not want something like this happened to the roof of your home, isn't it? After all, it will not be difficult to replace the top of the usual greenhouse, but replacing the roof of the house is real problems.

Fastening profiled polycarbonate sheets on the roof is needed using the same attachment that is used for metal products. These are self-tapping and self-controlled STSD screws. The sheets themselves are bonded with each other with special profiles that are equipped with EPDM rubber seals. All this is necessary so that such a beautiful roof flows. There is also a special connecting aluminum profile - for P-6066 polycarbonate. It consists of a special clamping strip and seal, but it is already necessary to fix it with the help of self-tapping screws directly to the pipe or crate.

In addition, if you remain a polycarbonate residues (there are standard sheets), use it for glazing utility rooms:

And more from another roofing is so applied.

The house with a single-pate roof, built on the framework technology at a competent approach, will be the most modern and stylish!

If your sleep is associated with such a symbol as a attic, you should not interpret this symbol as something dusty and abandoned. In the old days it was believed that if on the passionate week to go with church candles in the attic, then you can see the "host", i.e. the house. The attic hides in himself a lot of secrets and mysteries. It is considered one of the characters of the past.

In today's life, the word attic found new realities. In some cases, it is associated with a blank head. About the stupid and stupid man in the people they say: "He has an attic without the top: there is no one rafter."

So, if in a dream you saw yourself on the old, abandoned attic - it means that, in reality, your business is not so smooth, as I would like and therefore you remember the past times with sadness.

If in a dream you saw yourself on an empty and destroyed attic, then this means that your own nonsense will cause the destruction of well-being and success.

To see in the attic something that frightened you - a sign that there is an enemy next to you, which will do everything possible to prevent your plans.

Clean the attic in a dream - to change.

Athtak old, unnecessary things - this means that in reality you take into account the experience of our past mistakes and full strength to start all over again.

If in a dream, dry in the attic some herbs and root - in reality, you rely only on your destiny and do nothing, i.e. inactive.

The dream in which you are trying to climb the attic and can not find a staircase, "symbolizes your tendency to simple and easy solutions.

To fall from the attic - in reality you will hear something interesting and unexpected.

To see the fire in the attic - a sign of excessive hasty, which will prevent in affairs and can lead to a complete ruin.

Touch the attic - to take part in the solution of other people's problems.

Interpretation of dreams

The article will present a comparative characteristic of the three most common types of roofs, show the pros and cons, conditions of their use and important points of construction.

Selection of roofs for a private house

Roof Scheme Private House

The main factor in the selection of the roof shape of the architect or designer sees the harmonious combination of the roof with the general architectural thought of the house. But the task of the architect must first put you - the customer. How to determine with the type of coating? Everything is not so difficult if you figure it out) about the design of the coating and types of roofs you can read in the articles of our portal and, and this article will describe the four most applied types of roofs:

• Mansard Second Floor;
• Full second floor and attic roof;
• Full second floor and attic roof;
• Combined option.

Types of roofs

First of all, when choosing a roof type, put such questions before the design of the house:

Will the second floor there is a residential or non-residential. You can use it as a full-fledged floor, and you can create equipment for storing equipment, "unnecessary" things, etc. Whether in the future (not immediately after the end of construction) this floor was operated.
What the minimum and maximum should be the height of the second floor. It usually varies from the minimum 2.5 meters to the maximum 3-3.5 meters, more or less such sizes is not recommended.
We need full-size (1/5 -1/8 from the floor area) windows on the second floor or they can be minimal (area of \u200b\u200b0.7-1.5 m2). In any case, it is necessary to ensure full-fledged illumination in the room, usually the windows area take 1/4-1 / 5 of the floor area, the smaller the room the smaller the windows can be.
Whether you are not limited to the altitude of the house under construction, consult with the architect, whether you will shade the neighbors, thereby reducing the insolation of the neighboring cottage. It is also important to consider the legal aspect - the attic floor is not considered a full-fledged floor, that is, if there is no possibility to officially suck the second floor it will be necessary to do the attic.

After analyzing the answers to these questions and comparing them with three types of roofs in the article, you set the task before the architect and you can understand which of the roof types is suitable for your conditions.

Roof with the second athletic floor

This is the first of the considered types of modern roofs, it is a roof that serves as the walls of the second floor, that is, the residential space is directly under the roof. Such roofs can often be found in country villages, in the villages.

The diagram of the attic two-tie roof with residential premises directly under the roof

The attic roof gives the house architectural expressiveness. The height of such a roof from overlapping to a skate is usually 2.5-3.5 meters, in the case of a broken roof of 0.7-1 m from the overlap prior to the start of the roof bevel. At first glance, such a decision may seem favorable, since there is no need to build the walls of the second floor and already arrange the roof.

Scheme of a two-tie attic roof without inner walls

But this is not entirely true, since such a roof has many drawbacks:

• The space in the corners of the roof is significantly reduced, especially with the triangular form of the roof. So the roof of the roof begins at a height of 0.5-1 m from the floor level, which prevents an adult person to stand in the corner of the roof in full growth. A slightly save the situation can help the device of the broken shape of the roof (the lower part of the attic attached a steep slope, and the top is gently).
• Residential space is difficult to arrange a convenient way, pick up and put furniture.
• There is no possibility of a device of full-fledged window openings, so you have to use the attic windows, which are at the price (a special hardened frame and tempered and enhanced glass, cost - from $ 300) and at the cost of the installation is more expensive than 1.5-2 times conventional windows. Special requirements are presented to the window frame of the attic window.

Mansard window

It should provide high-quality thermophysical characteristics and correct installation, waterproofing, sealing the slopes of such a window one of the most important steps. Also applies hearing windowswhich require a structural device and are complex in installation - for the device of this window, you must perform an additional framework from the plane of the main roof frame (this will add extra fundamentals and skates), which increases the material and complexity of such works (device of joints, trimming of roofing materials, purchase additional Roof elements). It is also important to have a drawing of an auditory window, with a detailed study of the window with the main roof frame.

Hearing window

In such types of the roof there is a need to combine designs, insulation and waterproofing in roofing cake, which complicates the installation of the roof and makes it more expensive compared to the attic roof. The heat-insulating layer is fixed to the outer side of the roof, and it is always necessary to leave the circulation gaps so that the moisture that is formed from the condensation of the steam on the bottom side of the roof, weathered by the air movement. If the attic place the kitchen and the bathroom, in which a significant amount of steam is formed, then on the inside of the ceiling, a layer of vapor barrier should be paved. There is also a chance of an error in choosing a "cake", which will work for leakage that will manifest itself in the interior, the repair in this case is more complicated than in the attic roof.

Child roofing cake

1. Depth.

2. Parasolation.

3. Increased doom.

4. Increased attic of the attic.

5. Streck.

6. Hydro-insulating windproof membrane membrane.

7.Check in roofing sheets.

8.Creak.

• In such roofs it is not recommended to use metal roofs, since in the summer under such a roof it will be too hot and there will be enough massive roofing pie to ensure comfortable conditions (250-300 mm thick, with an increase in the insulation) or it will be necessary to use reflective insulation, which will affect on material costs.
• If you have a desire to complete the full floor during the operation of the house, it will be difficult, as it will be necessary to completely dismantle the attic floor and build a full-fledged floor with a roof, which will lead to construction by 20-40%. It is necessary to invite an engineer to conduct a survey of the house, calculating the carrier ability of the existing foundation, walls and overlaps to determine whether it will be possible to complete the floor without enhancing structures. Strengthening existing structures is a very complex, painstaking and expensive process (for example, the cost of strengthening the foundation 20-50% of the construction cost of the new).

Output: Do not arrange the attic floor in the house of permanent residence without necessity, as it will be less functional and convenient, and the plus of such a device can only be called some painfulness of the silhouette of the house.

Full second floor and roof with non-exploited attic room

This option is a full-fledged second floor with carriers and self-supporting walls, which relieve roof designs. In this case, the roof has an uncutable attic (an attic room is usually not heated) and the second floor space is a residential. The attic acts as an air layer between residential space and an external environment, and it should be borne in mind that in the attic you need to pass a height of at least 1.4 m. Along the entire premises. The height of the residential floor is taken from 2.5 to 3.5 meters. In the attic usually store economic supplies. The second floor comes out full-featured, and without "uncomfortable sites."

The scheme of the full second floor and the attic roof

1. Stropile legs.
2. Coon bar.
3. Racks.
4. Truck.
5. Obsek.
6. Roofing material.
7. Maurylalat.
8. Metal connecting elements.
9. Internal bearing wall.

In the event of a roof fault, it can easily be fixed by getting access to the designs and "pie" roofs in the attic. There is an opportunity to finish additional floors, for this you only need to dismantle the old roof. These are the main "pros" of such a roof. This is the most common roof option in modern cottage construction.

The minuses of such a roof are:

• There is a need for the construction of the walls of the 2nd floor and the attic overlap, which will lead to an increase in the cost of construction by 10-20% compared with the attic roof.
• It is necessary to constantly provide (perform the necessary gaps, correctly position the layers of the roof, etc.) and maintain ventilation (to air the attic rooms, annually clean the vents from the accumulation of garbage and dirt) of the attic room (unlike the attic roof where it is necessary to ventilate roofing pie and dwelling Space separately) so that the air is not stored and the roof designs and roofing "pie" did not rot, for better melting snow.

Cold coating ventilation

a, B - through the attic space, C - with air flow and through the attic space, D is a double air flow.

Features of the attic roof:

• You need to make an exit to the attic. It is usually arranged in the form of a hatch with a vertical metal staircase or use the finished "attic staircase".
• The insulation of the roof in this case is arranged in the attic ceiling, and the waterproofing carpet directly on the roof, which facilitates the installation of the roof and reduces the cross section of the roof structures.

In general, we can say that the use of such roofs is most common, despite the increase in the cost of construction, life under such a roof is more convenient.

Full second floor with an attic under the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe roof without an attic room

The third version of the roof is a combined first and second look. The full-fledged second floor and the attic roof above it, in this case there is no overlap between the living room and the indoor indoor, it reduces the cost of materials and its device. With such a roof, you will get a lot of free space, a high ceiling.

Full Second Floor and Dersighted Roof

The main large "plus" of such a roof can be called visual attractiveness of the indoor space, for example, the attic windows built into the roof in addition to ordinary windows will give a lot of light in residential rooms. A good designer will easily beat such volumes. The house with such a roof should have a tough and stable carrier of the core due to the fact that the roof and walls of the 2nd floor are one rather high design and have low rigidity.

Scheme of a full second floor at home and a narent roof

Cons of such a roof:

• It is necessary to drop and illuminate such a large volume (there will be not only living space, but also the space under the roof, and this is from 50 m3, which is not residential).
• The space under the ceiling is not used.
• The roof retractable device, to provide stiffness with roof designs.
• Purchase and installation of mansard windows.

But this kind of roof is rarely distributed, it can be recommended to use when the architectural form of the roof will be dictated by the inner design of the premises.

Combined roof

The combined version of the roof is a hybrid of the above-designed roof types. For example, you decided that the attic roof would be over the whole house, and the roof of the guests and children will be above the bedroom. An important aspect in such a roof will be that over part of the house there will be a combined roofing pie, and above the second part of insulation, waterproofing and vaporizolation will be divided. It is also possible to change the cross section of the rafted on different parts of the roof. In this case, it is necessary to develop a competent project of the roof, with a detailed drawing of interface, plans and cuts of these two options.

Scheme of the combined roof: mansard and attic

Where the problems will be solved, -GIDRO, - sound insulation. Such roofs can often be seen on 2-storey houses with auxiliary garage or housekeeper, so the roof over the main part of the house is attic, and above the garage the main roof goes into the garage.

You can summarize that the attic roof is less comfortable, but inexpensive. The attic roof and the combined roof is the most applicable and justified option. The full second floor with the attic roof is a rare incident plus which is an interesting interior. Thus, each type of roof has its advantages and disadvantages described in the article and choose the roof on the basis of specific conditions and circumstances. And this article we hope to help you.

Caution: Prices in the article are indicated at the time of 2009. Be careful.

Single roof in Russia is not so often used in the construction of residential buildings. This is due to the traditions and more typical projects of houses with the roof than with the real minuses of single-table roofs. Therefore, if there is not a recognizable appearance of the house and the cost economy of expensive sawn timber for the system in the last place, there is a sense to consider the version of the project with a single-table roof.

Pluses of residential buildings with a single roof

Such projects have several traditional advantages that make them very popular in Finland, Norway and other countries with close to the Russian climate.

• economy At the consumption of sawn timber to build a system and materials, such a roof will be cheaper, with other things being equal;
• increases savings and the fact that from the height of human growth The roof of the house will be practically not visible, so you can do reliable, but not too attractive from aesthetic point of view by materials, rolled or;
• installation of the system easier, it can be held on its own;
• more rational use of space, it is easy to do without a low-used attic room;
• small sailing - relevant for districts with a large wind load;
• snow will go only one way (ban relief on the roadway - mandatory requirement for some districts);
• repair is much easier, on such a roof it is easy to move;
• snow is delayed on the roof (with a small slope), providing additional thermal insulation;
• another variant - roof with heated. In this case, the snow will not linger on the roof.

The skeptical attitude of many builders to homes with a single-sided roof is caused by the slightly proliferation of such buildings in Russia. This is a matter of construction traditions. To calculate the snow load and the main parameters of a single-table roof are not harder than for a two-tie. The construction process is also not distinguished by increased complexity.

Examples of houses for houses with a single roof

Projects of houses with a single-sided roof are quite varied. There are several basic options:

• house without atticwhen the roof is at the same time the ceiling overlap;
• house with a small attic roomBut with a straight ceiling on the top floor.

In the first case, above the aesthetic factor, the ceiling on the top floor will be indirect, having an angle equal to the corner of the skate. In the second case, the thermal insulation of the roof, fewer requirements for the materials and quality of laying the roof, although it is difficult to maintain and inspect such a roof, often for this reason customers offer to increase the height of the attic.

Small buildings with a single-sided roof have a most common rectangular shape, the roof is one slope formed by the difference in the height of two opposite walls. This is the easiest option of the house with a single roof. Here is one example of the project project. The garage is not provided, the project includes five bedrooms and a fairly standard layout, there is no attic, so the ceiling on the second floor will have a slope.

Accordingly, it is necessary to think over the situation. Often in the side having the smallest height of the ceiling, the head of the beds are located, but the height should be at least 1.5 m.

A alepton is used as a material for walls, reinforced concrete plates are used for ceiling, the foundation is a monolithic reinforced concrete plate. Facing - a brick or tile, inserts inserts from the material of another color and texture very well, a combination of different types of bricks or bricks and a wooden rail or other combination.

There are also projects of buildings with complex roof forms, several skates. This allows you to create a house of any configuration, taking into account any landscape, but complicates the design and makes the construction more expensive.

This is a project of a two-story building, a living area (residential area) - 103 m2, total - 232 m2. The angle of inclination is almost zero, so the roof will require constant cleaning from snow, in the original option is suitable for areas with a small snow load. Roof type - with a attic, the angle of inclination can be changed, but the higher the angle of the skate, the worse the building will look like. Plus an almost flat roof in the possibility of its rational use with almost no restrictions.

A garage for two cars, plus buildings with similar plans, is also the presence of a large balcony on the second floor, which can be used in summertime.

First floor: 1 - hallway, 3.56 m2; 2 - Hall - 20.6 m2; 3 - kitchen - 17.46 m2; 4 - living room - 26.48 m2; 5 - dining room - 18 m2; 6 - Cabinet - 9.59 m2; 7 - boiler room - 6.11 m2; 8 - toilet - 2.08 m2; 9 - Garage - 39.45 m2.

Second floor: 10 - Hall - 17.21 m2; 11 - Bedroom - 17.46 m2; 12 - bedroom - 16 m2; Bedroom - 13.58 m2; Wardrobe / Storeroom - 7.3 m2; Bathroom - 8.56 m2; Bathroom - 6.53 m2.

There is no basement in this project. Walls are made from aerated concrete, the foundation is a reinforced concrete plate. Outside the walls are trimmed with wooden slats, decorative tiles or brick. The roof cover depends on how you are going to use it, the easiest and cheap option - rolled materials.

Single roof often becomes an excellent solution for small houses for giving or as a house for a holiday in nature. In this case, large windows in Russian conditions are not applicable, the design should be easier, and the construction itself is more economical.

This is a house plan with a single-sided roof of a total area of \u200b\u200b238.2 m2, a living area of \u200b\u200b86.2 m2. The basement floor and garage is not provided, the foundation is a reinforced concrete plate, a wall of cellular concrete. Wall covering - plaster and wooden rail.

It is better to attract a specialist to the calculation and design of the building, which, using professional programs, will calculate all the parameters of the rafter system and frame. This is especially true if you change the project taken from the Internet, or take on the development of your own.

Underwater stones in the design and construction of a house with a single roof

They are no more than during the construction of a house with a two-tie roof, but some still should be noted:

• if you are planning a house without a attic (most beautiful photos of Scandinavian houses with a single-table roof - this species), where the ceiling overlap is combined with the roof, then the quality of building materials for roofing pie and the installation of the roofing coating will have to come very carefully. And this means the use of more expensive materials and attracting specialists to the roof mount to ensure its tightness and good thermal insulation. This factor "Eat" part of the economy;
• if the plan of the house includes a small attic between the roof and the ceiling overlap of the upper floor, then maintain and inspect the roof from the inside will be extremely uncomfortable due to the low height of the attic room and reduce it from the top edge to the bottom. With an increase in the height, aesthetics suffers, this is a matter of compromise. The attic is almost impossible to use effectively (most of it);
• facade work must be carried out very high quality and gently. This is the main difficulty in building a house with a single roof: with a poorly made facade, the house will look like a big barn - without exaggeration. The more details, the fewer the quality of the facade work. The smaller the details than the concise appearance of the building, the better the materials must be and, the better they should be selected in the color scheme and texture;
• increased requirements for the appearance of the building. It will look unusual, so the design should be thought out. A good program that allows you to draw and design small buildings - SketchUp (there is a free version). Its only minus is English, but there are lessons and support groups in Russian.

The house with a single-table roof from aesthetic point of view is not much like everyone. But if you do not feel about the adherents of the traditional and fairly boring view of the two-tie roof, then the projects of houses with a single-table roof should be closed. On the Internet you can find many free projects, and the house of any design is designed for you. No significant and irresistible difficulties in the design and construction of a building with a single-table roof.