Bulgakov like dramatourg

Today we will get closer to creative activities Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov - One of the most famous writers of the playwrights of the last century. He was born on May 3, 1891 in Kiev. At the time of his life, there were big changes in the device of Russian society, which was reflected in many works of Bulgakov. He is not accidentally considered the heir to the best traditions of Russian classical literature, prose and drama. He acquired world fame thanks to such works as "Master and Margarita", "Dog's Heart" and "Fatal Eggs".

Three works of Bulgakov

A special place in the work of the writer is occupied by a cycle of three works: Roman "White Guard" and plays "Run" and "Turbine Days"based on real events. The idea of \u200b\u200bBulgakov borrowed from the memories of the emigration of his second wife - the love of Evgenyevna Belozerskaya. Part of the "White Guard" novel was first published in the journal "Russia" in 1925.

At the beginning of the work, the events occurring in the family of turbine are described, but gradually through the history of one family reveals the life of the entire people and the country, and the novel acquires a philosophical meaning. There is a story about the events of the civil war of 1918 in Kiev, the occupied German army. As a result of the signing of the Brest World, he does not fall under the power of the Bolsheviks and becomes a refuge of the many Russian intellectuals and the military, which are running from the Bolshevik Russia.

Alexey and Nichold Turbine, like other residents of the city, go volunteers in the detachments of defenders, and Elena, their sister, protects the house, which becomes the refuge of the former officers of the Russian army. It should be noted that Bulgakov is important not only to describe a coup in history, but also to convey the subjective perception of civil war, as a certain catastrophe in which there are no winners.

An image of a social cataclysm helps to reveal the characters - someone runs, someone prefers death in battle. Part of the commanders, understanding the meaninglessness of resistance, dismissed their fighters at home, others actively organize resistance and die together with subordinates. And also - during the times of great historical fractures, people never cease to love, believe, worry about loved ones. Here are just the decisions that they have to take daily, have a different weight.

Characters of works:

Alexey Vasilyevich Turbin is a doctor, 28 years old.
Elena Turbin-Talberg - Sister Alexey, 24 years old.
Nikolka - Unter-Officer of the first infantry squad, Brother Alexei and Elena, 17 years old.
Viktor Viktorovich Multilaevsky - Lieutenant, friend of the family of turbine, Comrade Alexey in the Alexander Gymnasium.
Leonid Yuryevich Shervinsky - the former Life Guard of the Ulan Regiment Lieutenant, Adjutant at General Belukow, friend of the Turbine family, Comrade Alexey in the Alexandrovskaya gymnasium, an old fan of Elena.
Fyodor Nikolayevich Stepanov (Karas) - a suborperary artilleryman, friend of the family of turbine, Comrade Alexey in the Alexander Gymnasium.
Nagi-Tours - Colonel, the commander of the unit, where Nicoli is.

Pictures of characters and historical basis

An important aspect is the autobiographicity of the novel. Although manuscripts have not been preserved, Bulgakovyda traced the fate of many characters and proved the almost documentary accuracy of the events described by the author. The prototypes of the main characters in the novel were the relative of the writer himself, and the decorations - the Kiev streets and his own house in which he spent the young years.

In the center of the composition there is a family of turbine. It is quite widely known that its main prototypes are members of the Bulgakov family, however, in order to artistic typing, Bulgakov deliberate their number. In the main hero, Alexei Turbine, you can find out the author himself in the years when he was engaged in medical practice, and the prototype of Elena Talberg Turbine, Alexey's sisters, can be called Sister Bulgakov, Elena. Noteworthy is the fact that the maiden named Grandma Bulgakov - Turbine.

Another major heroes are Muchieevsky's lieutenant - a friend of the turbine family. He officer, devotionally defending his fatherland. That is why Lieutenant is recorded in the Morthical Division, where it turns out to be the most prepared and rigid officer. According to Bulgakovda Ya. Yu. Tinchenko, the prototype of the Mumylayevsky became a friend of the Bulgakov family, Peter Alexandrovich Brřezitsky. He was an artillerist officer and participated in the same events about which Mumylayevsky told in the novel. The rest of the turbine friends remain faithful to the romance in the novel: Stepan-Karas and Shervinsky, as well as Colonel Nau-Tours.

The prototype of the Lieutenant Shervinsky served another friend of Bulgakov - Yuri Leonidovich Gladyrevsky, an amateur singer, who served (the truth, not adjutant) in the troops of the hetman of the Scarcade, afterwards he emigrated. The prototype of the crucian, suggest, was the friend of Songevsky.

Binds three works Roman "White Guard", which served as the basis for the "Turbine Days" play and follow-up several productions.

"White Guard", "Running" and "Turbine Days" on the scene

After part of the novel printed in the magazine "Russia", MCAT suggested Bulgakov to write a play on the "White Guard". So Born "Turbine Days". In it, the main hero of turbines is absorbed by the features of the three heroes from the "White Guard" novel - Alexey Turbine, Colonel Malyshev and Colonel Nau-Tour. The young man on the novel is a doctor, he is a colonel in the play, although these professions are completely different. In addition, one of the heroes, Mumylayevsky, does not hide that he is a professional military, as it does not want to be in the camp of the defeated. A relatively easy victory of red over Petlisters produces a strong impression on him: "These two hundred thousand heels of Salom smeared and blow with one word" Bolsheviks "." At the same time, Mumylayevsky does not even think about what he will have to fight his yesterday's friends and comrades in arms - for example, with the captain of Studzinsky.

One of the obstacles in the accurate transmission of the events of the novel is censored.

As for the play "Running", the story of the guards of the Guardians from Russia in the years of the Civil War fell into its plot basis. It all starts in the north of the Crimea, and ends in Constantinople. Bulgakov describes eight dreams. This technique is used by them to transmit something unreal, what is difficult to believe. Heroes of different estates run from themselves and circumstances. But this run is not only from the war, but also to the love that is so lacking in the harsh years of war ...

Shielding

Of course, it was possible to look at this amazing plot not only on stage, but also, ultimately, in the movies. The play by the play "Running" saw the light in 1970 in the USSR. The script was based on the work of "Running", "White Guard" and "Black Sea". The film consists of two episodes, directors are A. Alov and V. Naumov.

Back in 1968, the film was filmed based on the "Run" play in Yugoslavia, the director - Z. Schotra, and in 1971 - in France, the director became F. Shulia.

The "White Guard" novel served as the basis for the creation of the television series of the same name, which was released in 2011. Starring: K. Khabensky (A. Turbin), M. Porechenkov (V. Mumylaevsky), E. Dyatlov (L. Shervinsky) and others.

Another three-seater art television film "The Days of Turbines" was made in the USSR in 1976. A number of film filming was made in Kiev (Andreevsky Descent, Vladimir Gorka, Mariinsky Palace, Sofia Square).

Works of Bulgakov on stage

The scenic history of the Bulgakov play was not easy. In 1930, his works stopped printing, the plays were seized from the theaters repertoires. It was prohibited for the production of the play "Running", Zoyikina Apartment, "Bagrous Island", and the play "Turbine Days" is removed from the show.

In the same year, Bulgakov writes Brother Nikolai to Paris about unfavorable literary-theatrical situation for himself and a hard material situation. Then he sends a letter to the government of the USSR with a request to determine his fate - either give the right to emigrate, or provide an opportunity to work in Mkate. Joseph Stalin himself calls Bulgakov, who recommends the playwright to apply to hesitate to MHAT. However, in his speeches, Stalin agreed: "Turbine days" - "Anti-Soviet, and Bulgakov are not ours".

In January 1932, Stalin once again allowed the production of "days of turbine", and before the war it was no longer forbidden. True, none of theater, except MCAT, this permission did not apply.

The performance was played before the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. With the bombardment of Minsk in June 1941, when MCAT was on tour in Belarus, the scenery burned down.

In 1968, the director, People's Artist of the RSFSR Leonid Viktorovich Vapakhovsky, again put the "Turbine Days".

In 1991, the "White Guard" in the director of the People's Artist of the USSR Tatyana Vasilyevna Doronina once again returned to the scene. The performance enjoyed great success in the audience. Genuine acting fortunes V. V. Klementieva, T. G. Shalkovskaya, M. V. Kabanova, S. E. Gabrielyan, N. V. Penkova and V. L. Rovinsky discovered the audience of the 1990s drama revolutionary years, tragedy of ruin and loss. Ruthless cruelty of revolutionary breakdown, universal destruction and collapse broke into life.

"White Guard" embodies the nobility, honor, dignity, patriotism and awareness of their own tragic end.

Director - Ilya Sudakov
Artist - Nikolay Ulyanov
Artistic Director of Article - Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky

Nikolay Khmelev - Alexey Turbin

Mikhail Yanshin - Laro
Vera Sokolova - Elena
Mark Prudkin - Shervinsky
Victor Stalitsan - Von Schratt
Evgeny Kaluga - Studial
Ivan Kudryavtsev - Nikolka
Boris Dobronravov - Mumylaevsky
Vsevolod Verbicky - Talberg
Vladimir Ershov - Hetman

The performance enjoyed great visual success, but after crushing reviews in the then press in April 1929, "Turbine Days" were removed from the repertoire. In February 1936, His new play "Kabala Svyatosh" ("Moliere") was put by Mkat, but because of a sharply critical article in the "Pravda" already in March, the performance was removed, having time to pass with a constant one of the same man.

But, despite the accusations against the author, who was closed in the bourgeois mood, at the direction of Stalin, the play "Turbine Days" was restored and entered the classic repertoire of the theater. For the writer, setting in Mkat was hardly the only opportunity to contain a family. A total of 1926-1941 was 987 times on the scene of Mkhat for 1926-1941. It is known that Stalin watched this performance repeatedly. Subsequently, contemporaries even actively argued how many times the leader looked at him. Writer Victor Nekrasov wrote: "It is known that the play" Turbine Days "on the play M. Bulgakov Stalin watched ... 17 times! Not three, not five, no twelve, but seventeen! And he was, it was necessary to think, after all, busy, and the theaters did not really indulge in their attention, he loved the movies ... But something in the "turbine" he was captured and wanted to watch, hiding behind the curtain of government lodges " (Nekrasov V. Notes Zewaki. M., 1991).

little replica about Nekrasovskoye "loved movies"))
"How many times did Stalin attend a big theater, just went to performances?" He adored opera. And the last performance, which he watched - Swan Lake - was February 27, 1953.
and in small? He did not miss any premiere.
and music?

The play tells about the life of the family of turbine. Family members: Alexey Vasilyevich Turbin, Colonel-Artillerist, 30 years; his brother Nicholas, 18 years old; their sister Elena Talberg, 24 years; Husband Elena Vladimir Robertovich Talberg, Colonel General Staff, 38 years old.
First action
Turbine apartment, nine o'clock in the evening. Alexey reads papers, Nikolka plays the guitar and sings. Suddenly the electricity goes out, Elena brings a candle. The cannon strike is distributed outside the window. Nikolay is called to go to the headquarters, learn the situation, but brother does not tell him to do this. The electric light lights up. Elena is seriously concerned about the lack of her husband who had to come in the morning. The brothers soothes her, they say that now trains are standing at every station for a long time, so the road lasts longer.
The call is heard, it came to the headquarters-captain of artillery Viktor Mumylaevsky. He is very frozen, frozen his fingers on his legs. The brothers remove shoes from him and rub his legs, pour vodka. Elena left to prepare a bath for a guest. Mumyyevsky says that all the peasants from the Red Taucher moved to the side of the petlura. Mumylayevsky ruled with staff officers, and onizhro translated him to the city. Here they came to Alexey to ask him to part. Alexey with joy takes a friend, Nikolka is also glad to this.
Mumyuyevsky goes in the bathroom, there is a call here. Larion Larionich's Larionvazhanzhansky, 21 years old, cousinbins. He came from Zhytomyr to enter the University of Kiev with a letter from the mother in which she asks her son. Elena settled the cousin in the library, Nikolka gave him underwear, as the suitcase was stolen on the train. The cousin is also sent to the bathroom.
And again the call, Elena's husband finally comes. She happily meets her husband, but he from the threshold is dissatisfied with the arrival of Mumylayevsky and Laro. And he says that in an hour and a half leaves to Berlin for two months, it is necessary, since Petlura is already on the approaches to the city, the Germans leave and throw the hetman, and no one knows about it. He does not take his wife with him. Elena submissively goes to collect her husband with a suitcase, and Talbergsobules Alexey about his departure. Alexey is angry, he does not serve Kratalberg. The conversation between them is not over. Elena came, with her, a man slippies and Talbergizhes ... Nicolov agrees with his brother, he calls Talberg rat. Alexey adds: "And our house is a ship."
A little later, when the table was already covered for dinner, Leonid Yuryevich Shervinsky arrived, personal adjutant hetman. He long cares for Elena, so now she brought her a huge bouquet. Elena tells Shervinsky about her husband's departure, Shervinsky does not hide his joy.
Aleksey, Mumylayevsky, Nikolai and Larosik, and with them CaptainAksandr, Studially, all means to the table, because this is the last dinner of the division. For dinner, guests talked lively about Getman. Sheervinsky argues that everything is in order with the hetman, and the fact that the Germans want to leave him on the mercy of fate are just rumors.
Guests fall asleep with a young mistress by compliments, raise toast for it. They persuade and drink it. And even the lariat, who first categorically refused to drink, drinks on a par with everyone.
When Shervinno-closing a toast for hetman, then the toast was not supported. At the table began a fierce dispute, Alexey had sharply condemned the politics of the hetman.
Meanwhile, all iniquaneous. Lariosasads himself for the piano and sings, he dwells all. Mumylayevsky is very drunk, he snatches Mauser and is going to shoot the commissars, with difficulty calm him. And then inhibition in the bathroom, as it becomes bad.
Shervinsky and Elena alone. They have completely forgotten about the sleeping, as they are busy. Elena said to Elena, that her husband will not return. And this is good, because she is unhappy with him, and does not love him. Elena is arguing with Leonid, but in the end, it admits that she has neuta love, privacy. Shervinsky swears Elena in love, begging her to divorce and go for him. They kiss, but the Larosik wakes up and says that his sick. Elena runs away.
Second action
Cabinet of hetman in the palace. Night. Table telephone sets. Shervinsky appears. He is surprised that there is no second personal adjutant of Hetman Prince Novozhildsev in the office. Laki Fyodor tells that he told on the phone, changed in his face and went to civilian clothes. Shervinsky in bewilderment. He calls Novozhiltsev to the apartment, but they answer there that he is in the palace. Shervinsky recognized the voice of Novozhildsev himself, it further introduces it to beware. He calls the headquarters of the Svyatoshinsky regiment, but neither the chief of Prince Belukowa, nor his assistants are also in place. And then the call is heard, which finally finishes Solvinsky.
Shervinsky writes a note and transfers it to wisp. That should go to him on the apartment and get a sweeper on this note.
It includes Hetman and is interested in why they have not arrived at the meeting of those who are appointed. Shervinna Mixtures of Russian and Ukrainian reports hetman on the behavior of Novozhildsev and that the commander of the Volunteer Army suddenly fell ill and urgently left to Germany. Shervinsky's amazed hetman informs the main news: a few hours ago Bincot the Bolobotnicarannounced, and soon the pets will be in the city.
It includes General von Schratt and Major von Dust, representatives of the German command. Hetman asks to give the troops to confront Petlura's gangs. The generals refuse to help, explaining that all Ukraine rose on the side of the Petlines, and therefore they have enough forces to confront him. Germany immediately dismisses their troops, hetman is offered to go with them. Hetman in indignation, he claims that he is able to collect the army himself and protect Kiev, but after the words of the Germans that Petlura will certainly hang him, agrees to go to Germany. Shervinsky asks to take him with the bride, but the Germans answer that the places on There is no longer a train, one personal adjutant with them is already riding. Surprised Shervinsky is interested in: "Who is it?" What does the answer gets: "Prince of Novozhiltsy".
A whole representation is played: a shit shit ceiling, sprinkled in the next room. It is advisable to explain that General von Schratshenian wounded himself. They called the Germanic doctor, Hetman disguises in a German uniform, he tied up his head and put out on the spout. Following Schratt, disguised into the raincoat and clock.
Shervinsky burns paper, picks up a golden cigarette, forgotten by the hetman ("All the same lackery is sorted"). Then he calls the turbine, talks about the escape of the hetman, dresses in civilian clothes that he brought Vesta. Already leaving, Shervinsky leaves Fedor Fifty Karbovandans in memory and agrees with him that he does not know him and never seen.
Evening. Stack of the 1st equestrian division. Quietly playing harmonic. Enter
deserter.Comander Bulbotnizes Sotnik Galanbe to interrogate a deserter. When interrogation, it turns out that in fact it is a pettier who frosting his legs and made his way into the las4. Galanbaposylaty to the cursor, and orders after the treatment to give him fifteen shumpolov, for the fact that without documents left his regiment.
Then led a person with a basket. He said that the shoemaker carries the boots to the city, to the store to the owner. Petlyurovtsy take his boots from him, he objects to what he gets in his ear, and Bolbotan promises to shoot him. The shoemaker in the fright runs away. And then an offensive is declared.
Action third
Lobby of Alexandrovskaya gymnasium, dawn. Nikolka sings the romance to the motive of the soldiers' song, he was deafeningly to the funeral. Shells are completely broken. Aleksey Turbin enters and sends returning to the demiiii away, but he is offering that the division dissolves, because Fighting Petlura is finished. Everyone needs to immediately remove epaulets, signs of differences and hide at home.
Dead silence broke out shouts. Someone shouted: "What does this mean?", Someone: "Traitor, arrest him!", Someone: "Stand!" All this confusion stopped Alexey Turbin. He told that the one whom they want to defend at night threw them on the mercy of fate and fled to Germany together by the Cross Army by Prince Belorukov. The words of the colonel sled all, the curses were sprinkled to the hetman. Someone offered to flee to Denikin, but Alexey said that they would command the same staff bastards, which will send them to death and run abroad. "White movement end, and not only in Ukraine. He is the end everywhere, as the people against us. Drink the rifles and home! ".
In the hall begins byumatoch, everyone scatters. Alexey burns paper. In the windows of the gymnasium glow, Mumylayevsky appears and shouts that Zehghauses. Rubbin orders a lot of Music-based Nikolka and go to Elena, and he will wave. Mysterious. There is a reserving and says that without Alexey will not leave. Alexey threatens him with a revolver, begging to regret the sister, but everything is without, brother does not leave. At this time, the Junker appears, which were in the postponement, and report that the cavalry of Petlyura goes. Alexey orders them to leave the basement.
A close rupture of the projectile is broken down in the windows, Alexey falls. Nikolka hears his last words, brother orders to throw heroism and run. And here the petlurovtsy are broken into the hall, shoot in the Nicc. He crawls on the stairs up and rushes down the railing.
Apartment turbine, dawn. A candle burns on the table, no electricity. In the room, the Larioskovesness of the concerned Elena, which is ready to go and find out what is happening and where the brothers. But Elena believes that it is necessary to go to her. Since she will not be touched her.
A knock at the door, the Shervinsky comes. He says that Petlyra took the city, and Hetman and Prince of Belorukov escaped. Alexei he warned and confident that everything is fine with turbines. Here on the door are knocking again, it came
Mumyyevsky and Studially and say that Alexey with Nikolai spends the observation, they will soon be.
MumyuyevskiyNameshams over Shervinsky, reproaches him in love for hetman. Shervinsky is angry, the quarrel is brewing, which is able to prevent Studially. The officers are already unsoboned, Shervinsky shows a golden cigarette and says that Hetman him presented himself for the faithful service.
Someone knocks the window. Studial and Multihaiyevsky are playing and, swearing, run away. They bring into the room the Niccue, he has blood on his head and in his boot. He's a binting head, and here Elena quickly enters the room. She asks Nikolai about Alexey, but Nikolka is silent. Elena flows into hysterics, she guesses what happened, and reproaches the officers in the fact that they threw the commander. Mumyevsky says that they performed the order, and the Studially enough for the revolver, Elena's reproaches hit him in the heart. Shervinsky and Mumywood Drop to take away revolventurba and calm it. Elena helps them, says she said so much. And here Nikolka says that Alexey was killed. Elena falls without feelings.
Fourth action
Christmas Eve 1919. Two months after the death of Alexey passed. Elena Sorroster is dressed up the Christmas tree. LariosikPonds Elena to marry him, reads her poems. Elena gently calls Larosikapoet and kisses his forehead in a friendly. And it admits that she has a novel ... Yes, this man knows the man's man ... And he remembered that drunk night, Shervinsky with Elena ... Upset chloride for vodka, wanting to get drunk.
Shervinsky comes in a ridiculous masquerade and says that the red night will be in the city, and Petloure is an end. A new life begins, he sang, and he was hired. Shelevsky again asks Elena to become his wife, says that Talberg will not return. Elena agrees, but shelves, what will stop lying and change. Shervinsky takes off the walls of Talberg and throws it into the fireplace. They go to Elena's room. They played the piano, heard, as Shervinsky sings.
Partner, still weak, on crutches. He sees a portrait frame and everything immediately understands, falls on the sofa. Larosika broughtbutyka vodka and tells, with what adventures he managed to get it. But when Niccock showed him an empty frame and said that she was divorced with her husband and goes out of Shervinsky, the bottle fell out of the hands of an outdoor and crashed.
Call the door, Mumylayevsky and Studially came to the door. Studisiness, that they, White Guards, do not get away with red, must be joined by the way and go to Galicia, Agotom on Don, to Denikin, and fight again with the Bolsheviks. Mumyevsky against this, he does not want to fight more for the Fatherland, which threw him. Recalling the killed Alexey and about what he spoke about the generals. He said that they would break them on Don, and then where? "Abroad" -dalized Studial. Mumyyevsky stated that they were not needed there anyone. He will remain in Russia, and let it be what will happen. The hot spore interrupted Shervinsky, he announced that they were married with Elena. All of them congratulates and rejoice, except for the lariat. At that moment Talberg includes a suitcase.
Elena asks everyone to go out. Husband says he came after her. He was disappointed in the hetman, but he was lucky: he got a business trip to General Krasnov to Don. Elena replied that he decided to divorce and go out for Shervinsky. Talberg decides to arrange a scandal, but Mumylaevsky returns on time and says Elena that he will explain himself. It agrees and leaves. The conversation turned out short. Mumylaevsky words: "Well? Won! " Stroallalberg in the face. He is silent.
On the tree light light bulbs stew light. Larosixmuschenively talks about. It suggests that they all went out for these two months, about how he likes all these people.
Hands are heard. This is salute. On the street there are red, playing "International". Everyone looks out the window. For someone, this evening is the beginning of a new play, and for someone - the end, an epilogue.

We draw your attention that this is only a brief content of the literary work "Tour Days". In this summary content, many important points and quotes are missed.

"Turbine Days" - Piez M. A. Bulgakov, written on the basis of the novel "White Guard".

The first, second and third action occurs in the winter of 1918, the fourth action - in early 1919. The place of action is the city of Kiev.

Action 1 "Turbine Days" summary

Picture 1.

Evening. Turbine apartment. In the fireplace fire, the clock beat nine times. Alexey Vasilyevich Turbin, Colonel-Artillerist for 30 years, leaned over the papers, his 18-year-old Brother Nikolka plays the guitar and sings: "It's worse than rumors every hour. Petlyra goes to us! " Alexey asks the Niccue not to sing "Kukharkina songs".

Electricity suddenly goes out, the military unit passes outside the windows and the distant cannon strike is distributed. Electricity flashes again. Elena Vasilyevna Talberg, a 24-year-old sister Alexei and Nicci, begins to seriously worrying for her husband, Alexey and Nikolka soothes her: "You know that the Germans guard the line to the West. And rides for a long time, because they stand at each station. Revolutionary ride: ride an hour, you cost two. "

The call is heard and the headquarters-captain of artillery, 38-year-old Victor Viktorovich Mumylayevsky, completely frozen, almost frostbed, in his pocket, his bottle of vodka. Mumylayevsky tells that he came from under the Red Tavern, all the peasants whose peasants switched to the side of Petlyura. Mumylayevsky himself almost miraculously got into the city - the translation was organized by the staff officers who had a terrible scandal. Alexey is happy to take Muchieevsky to his part placed in the Alexander Gymnasium.

Mumylayevsky heats up by the fireplace and drinks vodka, Nichold rubs him frostbed legs, Elena is preparing a hot bath. When Mumylaevsky goes into the bathroom, a continuous call is heard. The 21-year-old Zhytomyr cousin of Turbine Larion Larionovich Surgean, Laro, with a suitcase and knot. Lariosika joyfully greets with those present, without noticing perfectly that no one knows him despite the Mamina telegram in 63 words. Only after the lariat is presented, the misunderstanding is allowed. It turns out that Laroshik is a cousin from Zhitomir who came to enter the University of Kiev.

Lariosik - Mamenkin Son, ridiculous, unsuitable young man, "terrible loser" living in its own world and time. He drove from Zhytomyr for 11 days, on the way he was stolen by a knot with lover, left only books and manuscripts, only a shirt survived, in which Larosik wrapped the collection of writings Chekhov. Elena decides to settle the cousin in the library.

When Lariosik leaves, the call is heard - the Colonel of General Staff, Vladimir Robertovich Talberg, came, 38-year-old husband Elena. Elena joyfully talks about the arrival of Mumylaevsky and Laro. Talberg is dissatisfied. He tells about the bad position: the city is surrounded by Petlurovtsy, the Germans leave the hetman on the mercy of fate, and no one knows about it yet, even Hetman himself.

Talberg, the person is too prominent and known (after all, the assistant of the military minister), is going to flee to Germany. One, since the German women do not take. The train goes after an hour and a half, Talberg seems to be advised to his wife, but actually puts it before the fact of his "business trip" (the colonels of the General Staff are not running). Talberg is beautifully arguing that it goes only for two months, Hetman will definitely return, and then he will return, and Elena, in the meantime, their room will rock. Talberg Solovo punishes Elena not to take an annoying man, a personal adjutant of Getman, Lieutenant Leonid Yurevich Shervinsky and not throw the shadow on the name Talberg.

Elena goes to collect a suitcase with her husband, and Alexey enters the room. Talberg briefly informs him about his departure. Alexey in a cold anger, he does not accept the handshake of Talberg. Talberg announces that Alexey will have to answer for his words when ... when Talberg returns. Nikolka enters, he also condemns the cowardly and petty Talberg, calls him "rat". Talberg leaves ...

Picture 2.

Some time later. The table covers for dinner, Elena sits behind Royal and takes the same chord. Suddenly the Shervinsky enters a huge bouquet and presents it to Elena. Shervinsky delicately cares for her, says compliments.

Elena told Shervinsky about the departure of Talberg, Shervinsky gladly news, as it now has the opportunity to care for open. Shervinsky boasts how once sang in Zhmerinka - he has a wonderful opera voice:

Alexey Turbin, 29-year-old Captain Alexander Bronislavovich Studisinsky, Mumylaevsky, Laro and Nikolka. Elena invites everyone to the table - this is the last dinner before the performance of the Division of Alexey Turbine. Guests eat together, drinking helen's health, scatter compliments in front of it. Shervinsky says that everything is safe with hetman, and you should not believe the rumors that the Germans leave him for the arbitrary of fate.

All drink for the health of Alexey Turbine. The asked lariarik suddenly says: "... cream curtains ... They rest behind them a soul ... forget about all the horrors of the civil war. But our wounded souls so crave peaceful ... ", causing this statement friendly reloading. Nikolka sits down the piano and sings the patriotic soldier song, and here Shervinsky announces a toast in honor of the hetman. The toast do not support, the Studial announces that "toast does not drink this toast and does not advise other officers." An unpleasant situation is brewing, against the background of which a lariat with a toast "in honor of Elena Vasilyevna and her spouse, who served in Berlin, appears. The officers enter the fierce discussion about the hetman and his actions, Alexei convicts hetman's policy very sharply.

The Larosik, meanwhile, sits down the piano and sings, everyone picks up. Drunk Mumylayevsky snatches Mauser and is going to go shooting commissars, he is calming. Shervinsky continues to defend the hetman, mentioning the emperor Nikolai Alexandrovich. Nikolka notes that the emperor is killed by the Bolsheviks. Shervinsky says that this is the fiction of the Bolsheviks, and tells the legendary story about Nicolae II, which is allegedly located at the courtyard of the German emperor Wilhelm. Other officers object to him. Mumylayevsky crying. He recalls the emperor Peter III, Paul I and Alexander I killed by his subjects. Then Mumylayevsky becomes bad, Studial, Nikolka and Alexey, they carry it into the bathroom.

Shervinsky and Elena remain alone. Elena restlessly, she tells Shervinsky's sleep: "As if we were all driving on a ship in America and sit in the trum. And here is a storm ... Water rises to the harm ... we climb on some Nara. And suddenly rat. Such disgusting, such huge ... "

Shervinsky suddenly declares Elena that her husband will not return it, and admits to her love. Elena does not believe Shervinsky, reproaches it in the incomingness, "adventures" with mezzo-soprano with painted lips; Then he recognizes that her husband does not love and does not respect, and Shervinsky really likes. Shervinsky begging Elena to divorce with Talberg and go out for him. They kiss.

Action 2.

Picture 1.

Night. Cabinet of hetman in the palace. The room has a huge writing desk, on it telephones. The door will be reebled, and Lakie Fedor admits Shervinsky. Shervinsky is surprised that there is no one in the office, nor duty or adjutants. Fedor tells him that the second personal adjutant of the hetman, the prince of Novozhiltsi, "the unpleasant news was unpleasant to receive" on the phone and at the same time "in the person they have changed very much", and then "at all out of the palace", "I left the staff." Shervinsky in bewilderment, rippled. He rushes to the phone and causes Novozhildsev, but on the phone the voice of Novozhiltsev himself responds that it is not. Headquarters of the Svyatoshinsky Regiment and his assistants are also not. Shervinsky writes a note and asks Fedor to convey its wizard, which should get on this note a certain sweeper.

Gotman enters all Ukraine. He is in the richest Cherkesska, raspberry sharovar and boots without Caucasian heels. Brilliant general epaulets. Briefly trimmed graying mustache, smoothly around the head, forty-five years.

Hetman appointed a quarter to twelve meeting, which should arrive at the top command of the Russian and German armies. Shervinsky reports that no one arrived. He is trying to tell Hetman about the unworthy behavior of Novozhildsev, Hetman, is trying to tell Hetman on the unworthy behavior of Novozhildsev. Shervinsky, passing into Russian, reports that they called from the headquarters and reported that the commander of the Volunteer Army fell ill and departed with all the headquarters in the German train to Germany. Hetman is amazed. Shervinsky reports that at ten o'clock in the evening, Petlyur parts broke through the front and 1st Horse Petnieur Division under the command of Bolbotan went to the breakthrough.

The knock on the door is heard, the representatives of the German command include: gray-haired, long-grained general von Schratt and bugvolytic major von Dust. Hetman happily meets them, talks about the betrayal of the headquarters of the Russian command and the front of the front Connection of Petlyura. He asks the German command to immediately give troops to reflect the gang and "restoration of order in Ukraine, such a friendly Germany."

The generals denounce the hetman in help, stating that all Ukraine on the side of Petlyura, and therefore the German command displays their divisions back to Germany, and offer immediate "evacuation" of the hetman in the same direction. Hetman begins to be nervous and choke. He protests and declares that he himself will collect the army to protect Kiev. The Germans hint in response that if hetman suddenly captures, he will immediately hang. Hetman is broken.

Dust shoots from a revolver to the ceiling, Shtrat hides in the next room. Dust taught to the noise explains that everything is in order with the hetman, this general von Schratt hooked the revolver trousers and "mistakenly fell to his head." The room includes a doctor of the German army with a medical bag. Schratt hastily disguises the hetman in the German uniform, "as if you are me, and I am wounded; We secretly take you from the city. "

There is a call on the field phone, Shervinsky reports hetman that two shelf Serdyukov moved to the side of the petlura, an enemy cavalry appeared on the naked section of the front. Hetman asks to convey to detained the Connection at least half an hour - he wants to go away. Shervinsky appeals to Shtrat with a request to take him with a bride to Germany. Shratt refuses, he reports that there are no places in the evacuation train, and there is already an adjutant - Prince of Novozhiltsy. Meanwhile, confused Hetman moves the German general. The doctor tightening his head tightly and stacked on stretcher. Hetman is removed, and Shttt unnoticed over the back door.

Shervinsky notes the Golden Cugar, who forgot Hetman. Little smacking, Shervinsky hides a portrait in his pocket. Then he calls the turbine and tells about the betrayal of the hetman, he moved to the village, which he delivered Vesta, and disappears.

Picture 2.

Evening. Empty, gloomy room. The inscription: "Headquarters of the 1st Cine Division". Standard blue with yellow, kerosene lantern at the entrance. Outside the windows, there is a knock of horsepie hooves, quietly playing harmonic.

The headquarters are rising a sechenic deserter with a bloody face. Sotniko-Petlurovets, former Ulansky Rotmist Galanba, Cold, Black, Brutally interrogated Deserter, who actually turns out to be a petturon with frostable legs that makes it in Lazare. Galanba orders to remove the Siechvik to Lazare, and after the leakage will tell him the legs, bring back to the headquarters and give fifteen shone "Shchob of Wine knew, Jac without documents to run from his shepherd."

The headquarters lead a person with a basket. This is a shoemaker, it works at home, and the finished product refers to the city, to the master's shop. Petlyurovtsy are rejoicing - there is something to get used, they look for boots, despite the timid objections of the shoemaker. Bolbotun declares that the shoemaker will issue a receipt, and Galanba gives a shoemaker in the ear. The shoemaker runs away. At this time, an offensive is declared.

Action 3 "Turbine Days" summary

Picture 1.

Dawn. Lobby of the Alexandrovskaya gymnasium. Guns in goats, drawers, machine guns. Giant staircase, portrait of Alexander I at the top. The division marches according to the corridors of the gymnasium, Nikolka sings the romances to the ridiculous motive of the soldiers' song, the Junker is disturbed.

The officer is suitable for Mumywayevsky and Studially and says that five junkers ran out of his platoon at night. Mumywaleevsky replies that Turbin left to find out the situation, and then orders junkers to go to the classes of "Parts Breaking, Furnaces Turn!" A 60-year-old overseas for students of Maxim appears from the Camork and speaks horrity that it is impossible to trample with the parties, and it is necessary to drown firewood; But there are no firewood, and the officers will disappear from him.

Tarlets are completely broken. Aleksey Turbin is included. He urgently orders to return the stamping at Deemyka, and then turns to the officers and division: "I declare that our division I spread out. Fighting Petlura is finished. I order to everyone, including the officers, immediately remove the epaulets from themselves, all the signs of the difference and run home. "

The dead silence explodes with screams: "Arrest him!", "What does this mean?", "Junker, take it!", "Junker, back!". There is a confusion arise, the officers waving revolvers, the Junker does not understand what is happening, and refuse to obey the order. Mumyyevsky and Studially joined the turbine, which again takes the word: "Who do you want to protect? Tonight, Hetman, throwing an army to the army, fled, disguised as a German officer, to Germany. At the same time, the other channel ran to the same direction - the commander of the army Prince of Belorukov.<…> Here we are two hundred people. And the two-thousandth army of Petlisur on the outskirts of the city! In a word, I will not lead you to battle, because in Balagan I do not participate, especially since this Balagan will be completely pointless to pay your blood all you!<…> I tell you: an end to the white movement in Ukraine. His end everywhere! The people are not with us. He is against us. And here I am, a personnel officer Alexey Turbin, who made the war with the Germans, I am on my conscience and I accept everything, I warn you and, loving you, sending home. Take off the epaulets, throw the rifles and immediately at home! "

In the hall rises terrible turmoil, Junker and officers are scattered. Niccock hits a rifle into a box with switches and runs away. Light goes out. Alexey at the stove tears and burns paper. Maxim is included, Tourbin sends him home. In the windows of the gymnasium pierces glow, Mumylayevsky appears at the top and shouts that Zehghauses burned, now two more bombs are in the hay - and the go. But when he learns that the turbines remains in the gymnasium waiting for the stamping, decides to stay with him. Turbin against, he orders the Mumulaevsky now to go to Elena and guard it. Mumylayevsky disappears.

Nikolka appears at the top of the stairs and declares that he will not leave without Alexey. Alexey snatches the revolver to at least somehow force the Niccide to run. At this time, the Junker appears, formerly in the offending. They report that the cavalry of Petlyura goes next. Alexey orders them to run, and himself remains to cover the waste of junkers.

A close gap, glass bursts, Alexey falls. From the last strength, he orders Nikolka to throw heroism and run. In this moment, Gaidamaks are broken into the hall and shoot in the Nicc. Nichalka crashes up the stairs, rushes from the railing and disappears.

Harmonica is noise and buzzing, the sound of the pipe is heard, the banner is sworn up the stairs. Stunning march.

Picture 2.

Dawn. Turbine apartment. No electricity, a candle burns on a lonely table. In the room Laro and Elena, which is very worried about brothers, Mumylayevsky, Studial and Shervinsky. Laro is caused to go in search, but Elena dissuade him. She herself is going to come out to the brothers. The Larosik was talking about Talberg, but Elena strictly breaks his: "My spouse's name is no longer mentioned in the house. Hear? "

A knock on the door - Shervinsky came. He brought bad news: Hetman and Prince of Belorukov fled, Petlyra took the city. Shervinsky is trying to calm Elena, explaining that Alexei warned, and he will soon come.

Again the knock at the door - enter the Mumyevsky and Studial. Elena rushes to them with a question: "Where is Alyosha and Nikolai?" She soothes.

Mumyyevsky begins to mock the Shervinsky, reproaciting him in love for hetman. Shervinsky in rage. Studially tries to stop the quarrel. Mumylayevsky softens, asks: "Well, he, then, when you gave the move?". Shervinsky replies: "With me. Hugged and thanked for the right service. And it was silent ... and the cigarette of Golden presented, with a monogram. "

Mumylaevsky does not believe, hints at the "rich fantasy" of Shervinsky, that silently shows a stolen cigarette. All are amazed.

A knock on the window is distributed. Studial and Mumylayevsky fit the window and, carefully moving the chart, look out and run away. A few minutes later the room contributes to the room, his head is broken, blood in his boot. Lariosik wants to notify Elena, but Mu Musyevsky pursues his mouth: "Lenka, Lenka must be removed somewhere ...".

Shervinsky resorts with iodine and bandages, Studial Bintuet Nikoli's head. Suddenly, the Nikolka comes to himself, he immediately ask: "Where is Aleshka?", But the Nikolka in response only mumbled.

Elena's rapidly enters the room, and it immediately begins to calm down: "He fell and hit his head. There is nothing terrible. " Elena in alarm interrogates Nikolka: "Where are Alexey?", "Mumyevsky makes the sign of Nikolka -" silence ". Elena in hysterics, she guesses that with Alexey there was a terrible, and reproaches the survivors in idleness. Studially enough for the revolver: "She is absolutely right! I am blamed. It was impossible to leave him! I am a senior officer, and I will correct my mistake! "

Shervinsky and Mumylaevsky are trying to form Studially, take a revolver from him. Elena is trying to soften his reproach: "I said from grief. I closed in my head ... I was distraught ... "And here the Nicolus opens his eyes and confirms Elena's terrible guess:" Killed the commander. " Elena falls into fainting.

Action 4 "Turbine Days" summary

Two months have passed. The Epiphany Eve of 1919 has come. Elena and the lariat dress up a Christmas tree. Larosik scatters compliments before Elena, reads her poems and admits that it is in love with it. Elena calls Larosika "terrible poet" and a "touching person," asks to read poems, he kisses him in a friendly. And then admits that he has long been in love with one person, moreover, she has a novel with him; And the lariat knows this person very well ... The desperate Larosik goes for vodka to "get drunk to insensitive," and in the doorway faces the incoming Shervinsky. That in a nasty hat, wasopted coat and blue glasses. Shervinsky tells the news: "Congratulations to you, Petlyur Cover! Tonight the reds will be.<…> Lena, that's all over. Nikolka recovers ... Now the new life begins. It is no longer possible for us. He will not come. He was cut off, Lena! " Elena agrees to become a wife of Shervinsky, if he changed, stop lying and brag. They decide to notify Talberg on the divorce telegram.

Shervinsky breaks off the wall sweats Talberg and throws it into the fireplace. They go to Elena's room. Piano, Shervinsky sings.

Nikolka enters, pale and weak, in a black hat and student tuber, on crutches. He notices the torn frame and falls on the sofa. Larosic comes, he has just independently mined a bottle of vodka, moreover, who has disadvantaged it to the apartment, than extremely proud. Nikolka points to a blank frame from the portrait: "Stunning news! Elena diverges with her husband. She will come out for Shervinsky. " The dumbfounded lariat drops the bottle that is divided into smithereens.

There is a call, the Larosic is imparted by Mumyevsky and Studial, both in civilian clothes. Those in need report news: "The red broke through the poles! The troops of Petliura are left! "," Reds are already in Slobodka. In half an hour will be here. "

Studially reflects: "It is best to stay to the summele and leave after Petlura in Galicia! And there on the Don, to Denikin, and fight with the Bolsheviks. " Mumyyevsky does not want to go back to the command of the generals: "I am fighting for the fatherland from nine hundred and fourteenth year ... And where is the Fatherland when they threw me to shame?! And I go again to these bodies?!<…> And if the Bolsheviks mobilize, I will go, and I will serve. Yes! Because the Petcilists are two hundred thousand, but they fighters souse smeared and blow with one word "Bolsheviks". Because behind the Bolsheviks, the peasants of clouds.<…> At least I will know that I will serve in the Russian army. "

"Why, what about hell, the Russian army, when they finished Russia?!" - Onsites Studially, "We had Russia - the Great Power!".

"And will be!" - Mumyyevsky meets, "the former will not be, the new will be."

In the heat of the dispute runs by Shervinsky and announces that Elena divorces Talberg and marries Shervinsky. All of them congratulate. Suddenly the door to the front opens, includes Talberg in the village coat, with a suitcase.

Elena asks everyone to leave them with Talberg alone. Everyone leaves, for some reason, the lariat on tiptoe. Elena briefly reports Talberg that Alexey is killed, and Nikolka is a cripple. Talberg declares that the hetmanschy "turned out to be a stupid lap", the Germans were deceived them, but in Berlin he managed to get a business trip to the Don, to General Krasnov, and now he came for his wife. Elena is dryly responding to Talberg, which divorces him and marries Shervinsky. Talberg is trying to arrange a scene, but Mumyyevsky comes out and with the words: "Well? Won! " - Beats Talberg in the face. Talberg is confused, he goes to the front and leaves ...

The room with Christmas tree includes everything, the lari makes the light and lights the electric light bulbs on the tree, then brings the guitar and transmits it by Nicc. Nikolka sings, and all, except for Studzitsky, pick up the chorus: "So for the Council of People's Commissars, we kill a loud" Hurray! Hurrah! Hurrah!".

Everyone is asking for Larosika to say. Lariosk is confused, behaving, but still says: "We met in the most difficult and terrible time, and we all experienced a lot ... and I, among other things. My duck ship looked long on the waves of the Civil War ... While he did not come to this harbor with cream curtains, to the people I liked so much ... However, I found the drama ... Time turned. So the Petlyrah killed ... We are all together again ... And even more than one: here Elena Vasilyevna, she also experienced a lot and very much and deserves happiness, because she is a wonderful woman. "

There are distant cannon strikes. But this is not a fight, it is salute. On the street play "Internationale" - they go red. All are suitable for the window.

"Lord" says Nikolka, "today's evening is a great prologue to a new historical play."

"To whom is a prologue," Studially replies to him, "And to whom - an epilogue."

"Turbine Days"

1 History of the creation of the play

On April 3, 1925, Bulgakov in Mkate was offered to write a play on the novel "White Guard". Work on the first edition of Bulgakov began in July 1925. In the play, as in the novel, Bulgakov was based on their own memories of Kiev during the civil war. The author read the first edition at the theater in early September of the same year, afterwards the play was repeatedly edited. The play was permitted to step September 25, 1926.

Modern critics include the play to the top of the theatrical success of Bulgakov, but her stage fate was a thief.

The premiere of the play took place in Mkhate on October 5, 1926. Staging, where the stars of Mkhatov were busy, enjoyed great visual success, but received crushing reviews in the then Soviet press. In April 1929, "Turbine Days" were removed from the repertoire. The author was accused of mesh and bourgeois mood, propaganda of white movement.

But the patron of Bulgakov was Stalin himself, who looked at the performance of about twenty times. With his instructions, the performance was restored and entered into the classic repertoire of the theater. For Mikhail Bulgakov, who interrupted random earnings, setting up in Mkat was hardly the only opportunity to contain a family.

On February 16, 1932, the production was renewed and persisted on the stage of the Art Theater until June 1941. In total in 1926--1941, the play took 987 times.

Editorial board : "Turbine Days" - Piez M. A. Bulgakov, written on the basis of the novel "White Guard". In early September 1925, he read in the presence of Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky (Alekseeva) (1863-1938) the first edition of the play in the theater. Almost all the plot lines of the novel were repeated here and its main characters were preserved. Alexey Turbin still remained a military doctor, and among the actors there were colonels Malyshev and Nagi-Tours. This editors did not satisfy MCAT due to its prolongedness and the presence of duplicate characters and episodes. The following edition, which Bulgakov read the MCAT troupe at the end of October 1925, Nay-Tours was already eliminated and his replicas were transferred to Colonel Malyshev. And by the end of January 1926, when the final distribution of roles in the future performance was made, Bulgakov removed Malysheva, turning Alexey Turbine in the personnel colonel-artilleryman, the actual expressant of the ideology of white motion. An artillery officer in 1917 served husband of Sisters Bulgakov Hope Andrei Mikhailovich Zemsky (1892-1946). Acquaintance with the son-in-law prompted the playwright to make the main characters D. T. Artilleryrs.

Now the hero is the closest to the author - Colonel Turbin - gave the white idea of \u200b\u200bcatharsis with his death. By this point, the play basically developed. In the future, under the influence of censorship, a scene was lifted in the Petlyurian headquarters, because Petlyo Wolnitsa in his brutal elements very much resembled Red Army. In the early editors, as in the novel, the "turnover of" petlurovs in the Red was emphasized by "red tails" (slab) on their dads.

The objection caused the name "White Guard". K. S. Stanislavsky under pressure from the chief designer suggested replacing it to "before the end", which Bulgakov categorically rejected. In August 1926, the parties agreed on the name "Turbine Days" (the "family of turbine" appeared as an intermediate version. September 25, 1926 D. T. was allowed by the chief executioner only in Mkate. In recent days, before the premiere had to make a number of changes, especially in the final, where all the increasing sounds of "International" appeared, and Mumyevsky forced to pronounce the Red Army toast and express readiness to serve in it: "At least I know that I will serve in Russian Army. "