How to insulate the balcony in winter. We disassemble the possible options for insulation of the balcony from the outer side

The insulation of a balcony or loggia is a rather time-consuming not fast process. It usually performs professionals specializing in this form of work. But if you know how the balconies are inside from the inside with their own hands, you have the necessary tool and are not afraid of work, then it is a completely sink task.

Moreover, the balcony area is usually small and in the competent formulation of the case and compliance with the work technology, and especially, applying the plates of the insulating material "Penothaks", this process does not stretch for a long time.

Preparation of the balcony to insulation

Usually, balconies and loggias do it with their own hands from the inside. The outer insulation of the balcony parapel is rarely used, since it is not only dangerous in terms of work, especially if you live on the upper floors of the high-rise house, but may require a special permission of local authorities supervising the appearance of facades of buildings.

No permissions are required on insulation.

Answering the question how to warm the balcony from the inside? A number of conditions should be observed and not violate the procedure for working. First of all, the balcony is released from the stuff and plants of construction materials on it and other things that can interfere with the work. After that, it is thoroughly sealed by mounting foam or cement mortar available cracks, gaps, holes in Parapeet Pickling Popular places and everywhere where you will notice flaws.

It is necessary to do this because, otherwise, with an adverse cold wind, even a very good insulation can wrain, it will be even worse if rainwater or snow falls in the gap. For most of the species of modern insulation, water is not terrible, they do not develop mold, and they practically do not absorb moisture. But on the brick or panel moisture walls, which accumulated between the wall and plate of polystyrene foam can serve as a place of development of mold. Then the unpleasant smell of dampness may appear on your insulated balcony or loggia.

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After this stage, you can proceed to insulation with your own hands.

Heat ceiling

Technologically more correct and better will start working with the insulation with your own hands the ceiling of the balcony or loggia, then go to the walls and complete the floor insulation. Depending on the view of your chosen insulation and its thickness, the ceiling can be lower to 10 cm. If you have already installed on the balcony, plastic windows will have to either sacrifice the upper part of the windows, since PVC profile widely exceeds 50 mm, or use fine insulating material that will not allow reaching the effect to which you expected. Therefore, if the windows are not installed, insulation first the balcony ceiling and only then call the measurer.

Currently, there is no question of how to insulate the balcony inside. The choice of various types of insulation is great. Depending on the selected insulation (mineral wool, foam, polystyrenex, foam, foam), installation can be carried out both on a pre-mounted wooden crate and directly on the balcony slab. You can warm up mineral wool mats using a wooden crate, otherwise it cannot be fixed on the ceiling.

Flooded wooden bars equal to the thickness of the heater chosen by you can be attached to the ceiling by means of plastic dowels and long screws. The distance between the bars should, or accurately correspond to the width of the insulation plate, or be 30-40 mm. Already, if mineralvate mats are used in order for them to enter the space between bars with effort and did not fall out in the process of further work on your head. Better to miss them, skipping a caronopic rope between the bars with small nails stuffed in them.

If you are warming with your own hands with polystyrene foam or foam, and in the future you do not expect to separate the ceiling with wooden "clapboards" or plastic panels (as an option for the finishing material for the ceiling - drywall), then there is no need to arrange the latter. Penotapes polystyrene plates are glued directly on the balcony slab, purified from paint layers, any waterproof adhesive mastic used in construction and finishing works. It is better to use such adhesive materials like waterproof mastic or glue "Liquid nails", as in the cold season, if the balcony located above is not insulated, the dew point will shift for the insulation, and condensate will be formed there. Plates of polystyrene foam do not require additional sealing of the joints, since they have grooves that prevent the formation of "cold bridges". But the joints between the foam plates can be sealed with the mounting foam and sneak fooled by tape.

An additional layer of insulating material that significantly reduces heat loss, it is better to perform a foam or isolon from a thin foil foil insulation. In this case, the material is pasted on mounted plates of a thicker insulation necessarily metallized side inside the balcony. All spine places of foam sheets are sampled with foil scotch. At this stage, insulation can be finished, but you can put a heat-heating film that is perfect for these purposes and works from the 220V electrical network.

Further finishing depends on the presence of material and its form, if these are plastic panels or "lining", they are mounted, or directly on the plates of the insulation, or on the wooden bars missing over it. Use a metal galvanized profile used for plasterboard designs is better not to use, as it will freeze and moisture will be condensed around it.

If you are not used as an additional insulated material of the foam, the surface of the foam or polystyrene foam can be placed in their own hands, pre-sticking the reinforcing mesh from fiberglass, and then paint.

After completion of the insulation and trim, the balcony ceiling is proceeding with the insulation of the walls. Only parapet and side walls of the loggia are subject to insulation. Room wall can not be inspired.

We will perform the process of insulation of walls with their own hands is completely identical to the ceiling warming process, with only the difference that you can use a thicker insulating material, especially if the parapet is made of metal structures or has a thin wall of light concrete.

According to the insulation layer, laid on the parapet wall, it is also possible to lay a thermal heating film, but it is not at all necessary.

Floor insulation

This is perhaps the most time-consuming stage of work, since depending on the flooring chosen by you, from which you will arrange a "clean" floor, there are two options for work: with the device of the crate - if the floor is planned to be put up with such a building material as boards, mineral wool is used or foam, or without it - in the event that Penothex expanded polystyrene is used.

Pointed plates have different density. For work on the insulation of the floor balcony or loggia, with their own hands the most suitable brand 45.

It freely withstands the weight of an adult without flexing, and on it you can directly arrange a tie from concrete or laying any types of coating (laminate, linoleum, ceramic tiles).

After laying and gluing to the plane of plates of polystyoline Penotapes, it is also like on the ceiling, it is better to fix in the corners of the plate with dowels - "fungi". Over the layer of foam foil upstairs, and then the cable of the "warm floor" system with elements of wiring and automation. The cable should cover at least 70% of the balcony floor area and defend the walls by 50 mm. After laying the cable, the floor is poured either by cement mortar or by special solving mixtures of "bulk sex". You can also use the epoxy-based finish coating, which can be the most diverse in color and after polymerization to be used as "clean floor" without any additional processing. Before filling the screed around the perimeter of the balcony, it is necessary to lay a damper tape with a thickness of 20 mm to prevent heat deformation of the screed.

Ensure that with a sharp decrease in temperature, the coolant (water) will not freeze in them, and they do not burst, no one can. But you can become a culprit of a serious accident and you can leave a whole entrance without heat.

Conclusion

The insulation of the balcony from the inside although time-consuming, but the effect that is achieved by insulation can fully justify all your works. Such a balcony becomes not only a place of rest in the warm season, but also an excellent room for growing indoor and garden colors, seedlings of garden plants.

To create a comfortable functional room in the loggia, it is necessary to carry out work on its high-quality warming. The market today presents a variety of materials, so it is possible to insulate the loggia of mineral wool, polystyrene foam, foam and other types of insulation. The selection of the insulation depends on the set of factors. It is very good if you can advise on this subject with specialists.

Mineral wool

Warming of Minvata - the traditional and most common option.

This material can provide a sufficiently high level of thermal insulation and sound insulation.

At the same time, the minvata for insulation is recommended to use only if there is no load on the insulation. In addition, insulating material needs to be protected as much as possible from the impact of moisture and education on it condensate.

Works on the warming of minvata are carried out in the following sequence:

1. First, waterproofing of all surfaces insulated from the inside are performed. This stage is preliminary. To create a high-quality waterproofing layer before insulation of minvata, it is best to use special insulating impregnations. In their capacity, bituminous and polyurethane mastic, special paints and varnishes. In addition, rolled polyethylene materials are often used as an insulator (sold in any construction store). What kind of insulator will be used - it does not matter much.
2. Then you need to execute the crate device. The installation step of wooden bars should be about 1 cm less than the width of the sheets of minvati. In addition, it is necessary to choose the bars in such a way that their thickness is slightly larger than the thickness of the heat-insulating material. Fastening the elements of the crate can be made to the rough surfaces of dowels and self-drawing.
3. To install plates of mineral wool you need to pick up and dilute the suitable adhesive composition (which one is no matter). It is applied to the surface of the plate from the inside, after which it is stacked in the cell formed by the Crack. Plates need to be customized so that they are slightly larger than the sizes of the cell. This will avoid unnecessary voids.
4. As soon as the adhesive composition is dry, the thermal insulation material is recommended to additionally fasten with their own hands with the help of fungal dowels.
5. Facing the surface can be performed using any suitable materials. For this, any kind of finish is suitable, which will not create a large load - plastic panels, plywood sheets, lining ...
6. Finishing, finishing surfaces and decorative work is carried out. Work in this case can be performed by any finish.

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Polystyrene foam

The insulation of your loggia inside the polystyrene gives good results sufficiently good. This material is made by mixing polystyrene and special components for foaming. The mixture is heated, exposed to high pressure, after which they foam and add carbon dioxide.

For the insulation of the loggia, the polystyrene was perfectly suitable plates with a thickness of 45-50 mm.

1. Their mount is performed on a dowel, two-way tape and glue (which type of fastening is to choose - depends on the material of the walls). When warming up the foam of loggia from the inside, the material plate is best placed in a checker order so that they do not shift under their own weight during operation.
2. In order to prevent the occurrence of cold bridges, seams, gaps and docking zones, you need to fill with the construction foam with your own hands (when insulating polystyrene foam and foam, the problem of cold bridges is especially relevant).
3. As soon as the mounting foam is dry, you need to cut it with your own hands.
4. To provide additional insulation, which, when insulation, polystyrene foam and foam is required, be sure to pave a layer of special foamed polyethylene with a thickness of 5-8 mm. At the same time, the layer with foil should be located inside the loggia. Such an approach will make it possible to form a high-quality vapor insulation layer with your own hands and to ensure the reflection of heat. Seams need to sneak with their own hands.
5. On the heat insulating layer, you can fasten the wooden crate (for this it is better to use small bars, which were previously treated with antiseptic compositions). In addition, instead of the crate, often from the inside, the loggia is separated by plasterboard sheets.
6. On a wooden crate or drywall sheets, any finishing finishing materials can be applied with their own hands.

You can do without crate and use the grid for reinforcement, under the finishing finish.

Penoplex and Penophol

Very often, the Penoplex and Fenofole for insulation are used in one insulation system.

One of the best materials.

These are high-quality insulating materials that have a lot of positive workers and technical characteristics. Many specialists recommend using them for insulation of loggias from the inside. The use of a similar insulation for the loggia will make it possible to create indoors a comfortable environment and in the coldest days to maintain an optimal microclimate.

Penophol for loggia.

Warming work with the use of these materials is carried out in the following sequence:

1. First, with your own hands, the preparation of all insulated surfaces is performed: gender, ceiling, walls, parapet. The old finishing material is completely removed, all traces and trash are removed. After that, it is necessary to carefully check the integrity of the structures from the inside so that there are no cracks, holes and other defects through which the cold air can penetrate inside the room. It is important that the loggia is completely sealed on all sides.
2. Then, the installation of vertical lag is carried out. It is necessary to mount the material with a certain step, the size of which will depend on the thickness of the insulation used.
3. Next, the fastening of the foam is performed directly to lags. To do this, you can use any suitable glue compositions that are suitable for use inside the residential premises. In the process of installing the initial layer of foam, it is required to send foil out.
4. After that, the fastener is carried out (the optimal version for the loggia is a thickness of 20-25 mm thick). Laying plates from the inside of the loggia can be performed independently - there is nothing complicated in this process.
5. In completion, you need to glue another layer of foam. In this case, the material must be positioned so that the foil layer is directed inside. As a result, we get a kind of pie, in which the main thermal insulation material (PESEROPLEX) will be protected by foam on both sides.
6. All joints that have arisen in the process of carrying out the installation work from within the loggia, it is necessary to cry for the construction adhesive tape.

What thermal insulation material to choose to insulate the loggia?

It should be understood that the work on the insulation of the loggia can be made from the inside and outside. Of course, insulation inside the warming is much easier. To do this, a variety of thermal insulation materials can be used. Their choice will depend on the characteristics of the design, operating conditions, nuances of the installation work, so in each case the selection of insulation needs to be paid special attention.

It will not always be justified by buying the most expensive in the insulation market.

For example, if the loggia has high-quality glazing, high-quality design, and no defects are observed, you can use the simplest materials. In addition, the choice of insulation for the loggia will depend on whether heating is planned.

Hide

The insulation of cold glazing is sometimes used, although usually this occupation takes a lot of strength and time, but does not give the desired result, since in most cases it is carried out incorrectly. Before working, you should learn how to get a balcony to competently, making a comfortable room from it.

What glazing is considered cold?

Frequently enough, acquiring an apartment, the owner faces the fact that she already has. Often, the developer does not apply expensive materials and sets cold glazing, without warming the balcony. In this case, the replacement of cold glazing to warm can be relevant , what will significantly improve the end result, as it will help to eliminate the heat loss that is happening through the window frames.

However, you can enhance and. Most often, aluminum frames are in its quality. Aluminum itself has a high heat resistance, so the room quickly cools. Plastic double-glazed windows can be cold. Most often it is the problem of single-chamber structures. This type of glazing can protect against precipitation, wind, dust, but poorly confronts frost. Therefore, the insulation of cold glazing of the loggia or balcony plays a rather important role to create a comfortable atmosphere in the house.

How to insulate a cool glazing balcony?

How do work on the replacement of glazing?

Any work is carried out in several stages. This procedure is performed as follows:

• Calculation of the mass that the parapet is capable of withstanding. It is impossible to use too heavy glazing, as this can lead to a construct.
• Cold windows just just remove: it will take to cut the mounting foam, pull out the glass, disconnect other fasteners if they are. After that, the frame can be pulled out.
• Mounting new windows. It is recommended to use plastic with double double glazing. They usually weigh are not very much, while well kept warm.
• If you had panoramic cold glazing, you can install plastic windows from the floor or to build a parapet of non-heavy materials, such as a gasoblock.
• Windows You can choose any in the opening method, it depends only on how much free space on your balcony.
• If you can not install windows with a thick glass, you can put energy-saving glass to thin, they will help to maintain heat, and it will not increase the mass of the structure.

The replacement of the building is more simple technically and does not require special permits, therefore it is recommended to change glazing on the same way as it was in form, with the only difference that the warm construction will be used. After the installation is done, you need to install the headquarters, adjust the accessories.

Warming of cold glazing and the subsequent replacement for it to warm, is an extra spending forces and money, since when dismantling old structures and installing new tightness will be broken. The finish can also damage, new slots will appear in the seams. If you are planning to make a warm balcony, it is recommended to start working precisely from replacing glazing, and then carry out work on the insulation of structures. They are made in the same way as when cold glazing insulation.

Cold glazing is used mainly to protect the balcony from precipitation and drafts, but even with due insulation it is not able to protect against frosts. If you plan to make a balcony really warm and significantly lift the temperature inside it, it is recommended to immediately replace the cold frames on warm.

September 4, 2016
Specialization: Capital construction work (bookmark the foundation, construction of walls, roof design, etc.). Domestic construction work (laying internal communications, roughing and finishing). Hobbies: Mobile communications, high technology, computer equipment, programming.

Recently, one friend with an interesting name to Gerasim (does not have a relation to Mu-Mu, although all his life studies Russian literature) asked me with the question of how to warm the balcony from the inside. The fact is that he took a two-bedroom apartment with a huge balcony. And he had an excellent idea to re-equip him into the office, where he was going to write a doctoral dissertation on philology.

I supported this sound idea with two hands and one foot. Especially since everyone do it yourself , the price of such a rework will be small. And the advantages of an additional small room is unlikely to explain to someone.

Well, I begin to present.

Possible problems when insulating balcony

Before heating the balcony inside, I recommend to think well about all the pros and cons of such a solution. Despite the fact that the installation of insulation before the decorative decoration of this room is resorted to more and more people, this operation has several drawbacks.

Here are the ones that I consider the main:

1. Reducing the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe room. If just finishing already reduces the size of the balcony or loggia, the additional layer of heat-insulating material further aggravates the problem. Therefore, if this architectural element you have tiny, think if the received additional area of \u200b\u200bmoney spent and effort is worth it.
2. The appearance of condensed moisture inside the structures. When using insulation, the dew point shifts inside, which leads to the appearance of mold and damage to the finishing materials.

With this disadvantage, however, it's easy to cope. I will tell you how to insulate the balcony with my own hands from the inside so as to achieve an ideal microclimate inside.

Sequencing

The insulation technology of the loggia or balcony consists of several important stages:

1. Sealing slots and elimination of defects. Before putting the insulation for the balcony inside, you need to get rid of all cracks, irregularities, chosel and bulges. I recommend small cracks to blew the mounting foam (only choose high-quality), cement mortar cope with more serious troubles.

1. Arrangement of waterproofing. To do this, I always recommend using your clients to use penetrating materials. For example, avatron or penetron. They are easy to apply a sprayer, but you can use a simple roller or tassel.

The peculiarity here is that the fluid penetrates deep into the mineral surfaces, as a result of which they are not simply protected from water, but not freeze during operation at low air temperature.

Penetrating waterproofing, among other things, eliminates small defects that are not visible to the naked eye. But they still affect the effectiveness of insulation, so they need to eliminate them.

1. Laying heat insulator. Inside your own hands do it easy. You do not need to install scaffolding or call an autotower. The main thing is to accurately comply with the technology that I will tell just below.

Choosing materials to work immediately think about whether you will warm the floor and the ceiling. For these surfaces, more durable heat insulators are needed, which do not change their properties from external mechanical exposure.

1. Arrangement of a vaporizolizing layer. It is necessary just in order to avoid the condensation of moisture generated on the balcony, inside the heat insulation materials. This uses vapor-permeable polymer membranes, for example, isospan or rockel.

By the way, it is possible to avoid this stage using thermal insulators with a foil layer, placing it inside the balcony. But I, nevertheless, would recommend not to save. Moreover, the estimate of the vapor insulation membrane will increase not much.

1. Decorative balcony finish. It all depends on your fantasy, the amount of money and destination of the room. Specific advice to give I can not.

Restrictions when warming balconies

But I can tell what, when finishing a balcony or loggia, do it categorically impossible. Moreover, the violation of these rules may entail administrative or criminal liability.

So, it is forbidden:

1. Remove the carrying partitions between two balconies (loggias) or this room and a residential part of the apartment.
2. Installing engineering communications on the balcony (in particular, heating, water supply and sewage) connected to the common apartment system.
3. Circuit on the balcony kitchen or bathroom (although the office or bedroom, as you understand, no one prohibits).
4. Installing glazing on balconies that are equipped with fire stairs to evacuate people during a fire.
5. Mount outside the fencing balcony designs suspended flower beds for flowers or fitting for drying linen.
6. Reduce the height of the parapet of the balcony or loggia (by dismantling the upper part or lifting the floor). The minimum parapet height should be 1.1 meters.
7. Violating the appearance of the facade of the building (this is for information, so insulating the balcony from the inside with their own hands, the exterior of the house you are hardly damaged).
8. Alone to glater balconies, located above 9 floors, violating the requirements of fire safety techniques.

As you can see, not all of the listed requirements are respected by our compatriots, but my conscience would be restless if I didn't tell you about them.

Now a little about the materials that can be used.

Heat insulators for internal insulation of balconies

For thermal insulation of such premises, a huge amount of materials are used. I compiled a table in which the most popular varieties listed indicating the features of each.

Name	Description
Polystyrene foam	Dense material with a low thermal conductivity coefficient having a fine-bar-based porous structure. Do not confuse polystyrene foam for thermal insulation and packing foam. The latter has large pores and breaks quickly. It is not suitable for insulation of the floor, since it does not withstand the rendered load. It can be used to install on a hovering plate, walls and ceiling.
Extruded expanded polystyrene foam	Material that perfectly retains heat indoors and thanks to the special production technology has increased mechanical strength. On the surface of polystyrene foaming microorganisms, it is not combustible and is environmentally safe.
Penophol	Another name of the material is polyethylene foamed. For balconies, it is better to use a heater with a foil layer, which reflects thermal energy and prevents moisturizing the insulation layer. Foil, among other things, plays the role of a vaporizolizing membrane.
Polyurene Foolder	Special composition that is applied on the surface with special equipment. After the frozen, a homogeneous heat insulating layer forms, which prevents non-extensive flow rate of thermal energy and cooling the balcony. The material is great for insulation, but with your own hands you can not cope with it.
Mineral wool	Basalt fiber based material, which is excellent for insulation of walls and balcony ceilings. To increase efficiency, it should be protected from moisture. It is impossible to insulate the floor with mineral wool, as it does not withstand a significant mechanical impact.
Multilayer panels	We are talking about sandwich panels that are used for insulation, and for decorative decoration of the balcony. They have a beautiful top layer that does not require additional finishes. The heat insulation, which reduces the thermal conductivity of the enclosing structures is glued below.

Methods of internal insulation of the balcony

At this theoretical part, I consider it over and proceeding to the presentation of specific schemes of the internal insulation of balconies and loggias with the help of several, most effective, in my opinion, materials.

Method 1 - polystyrene

The most common option is polystyrene foam. It has a low thermal conductivity coefficient and is easily mounted with your own hands inside the balcony.

I tell how from the inside insulate the balcony expanded polystyrene:

1. After conducting preliminary operations (sealing slots and waterproofing), I always process the surface of the penetrating primer. It allows you to improve the adhesive properties of mineral surfaces, deny concrete monoliths and reduce the consumption of adhesive composition.

You can perform the processing with a conventional tassel or sprayer. Very carefully treat not only walls, but also the ceiling with a floor. Otherwise, then difficulties will arise when gluing expanded polystyrene.

1. It is possible to continue after priming, only after complete drying of the composition, which goes about 6 hours. If the walls of the balcony, where I work, are made by their porous materials (for example, foam concrete), always soothing all twice.
2. After the priming, you can proceed to the installation of polystyrene foam, which comes in the stoves. Installation is made using glue and special fasteners with wide hats.

The glue composition is prepared from the acquired dry powder. It is necessary to mix it with water in the proportions specified in the instruction manual, after which the homogeneity with the help of a mixer connected to the drill.

Finished glue nano on thermal insulation material, after which the sheet of polystyrene is glued to the wall. In the same way, I do with other materials, placing them in a checker manner with the overlap of the joints.

To compensate for the thermal expansion of the material, when installing, I recommend to retreat from the angles of the order of 3 cm, and between the plates themselves also leave small gaps.

1. So that the plates are firmly fit, you need to fix them with a dowel with plastic hats. For this, the drill, I make a hole in polystyrene foam and wall, after which I install the corresponding bracket there.

1. Considering that the polystyrene foam does not absorb water, a vapor-permeable membrane can not be done. Although I do not see the reasons to buy and fasten a special film on the surfaces.
2. The last stage is plaster. To avoid the destruction of decorative coverage, you must first fix on the plates of polystyrene reinforcing grid of fiberglass, and already plastering. I just do this.

1. Before plastering, you can install perforated corners from galvania on the corners, which will make it easier to work and protect the angles from damage during operation.

Method 2 - Penoplex

This material is also widely used for the internal insulation of balconies. It is possible to mount it on the walls using special bitumen mastic, construction foam or plastic dowels with wide hats.

I will tell you how I make insulation of the penplex with the help of mounting foam:

1. For a start, as in all other cases, the repair of defects and waterproofing of the balcony surfaces is carried out. By the way, the primer does not hurt.
2. After performing the preparatory operations, you need to squeeze the mounting foam from the perimeter along the perimeter of a predetermined fastener plate. More foam will not need, insulation and so will be securely fixed on the surface.

1. After waiting a few seconds, you need to attach the material to the wall.
2. Further work is made by similar technology. Naturally, I recommend shuttering the seams in a chess order to avoid the formation of cold bridges that reduce the effectiveness of insulation work.
3. So that the insulation holds stronger, it can be additionally strengthened with a dowel with wide hats. Although this is done and optional.

If you like my neighbor, you want to equip a residential premises on the balcony, I recommend putting two layers of the insulation of the Penoplex with the overlap of the seams. In this case, the balcony will be warm and cozy, and you do not have to spend a lot of electricity to heating.

1. The last stage is a decorative finish. Here I entirely shift the responsibility of the choice of materials on you. Think yourself, decide for yourself.

Method 3 - mineral wool

Well, I can not not tell about the use of mineral wool insulation. I can not say that they are very effective, but are very popular. I focus on them only because the technology of laying here is more complicated.

The fact is that mineral wool is very soft and does not have any hard geometric sizes. It is produced in the form of rolls, into which the material is cut with a thickness of 2 to 20 cm.

I recommend buying a stone (basalt) battle to arrange a balcony with a heat transfer fluoching layer. The latter effectively protects the insulator from moisture and will play the role of a reflective screen that delay the heat energy of the heating devices indoors.

Considering the described specifications, it is possible to mount the insulation material only under a pre-equipped crate made of wooden bars or galvanized profiles. But it is good, since it is possible to install decorative cladding on the crate. For example, lining or plastic panels.

For example, I will tell you about insulation using wooden storage. It is better not to take square, but rectangular timber sections 3 by 5 or 3 by 7 cm. This will save the useful balcony area.

The doom can be installed in two ways:

• horizontally - if then you will finish a balcony with plastic panels;
• vertically - if you chose the lining as a material for decorative trim.

In all other cases (plywood, drywall, OSP-slabs and so on) the direction of the elements of the crate does not matter.

Fasten the crate on all surfaces I recommend using anchor bolts. At the same time, make sure that the bars are installed on the same level to not have problems with decorative finish.

If you have bought mineral wool to insulate the balcony, be sure to purchase vapor-permeable membranes. The fact is that the fibrous material very much loses the heat-grinding functions after wetting water from the vapor of water coming from the inside of the room.

After describing all the important, in my opinion, the nuances can now tell us about the technology of work. Here everything is simple on paper:

• install the crate by watching verticals;
• insert the insulating material between the crate;
• we protect it with a polymer vapor permeable membrane on top;
• after that, mount the selected decorative coating.

Most often, the role of the latter is the lining, why and need a doom.

Floor insulation and ceiling

Having understood with the walls, you can go to the ceiling. For his insulation, I recommend using foam. And you need to buy the usual insulation material and the one species, which is supplemented with a heat-reflecting foil layer, which increases the strength of the material and helps to keep heat inside.

Before starting work on the insulation of the ceiling of the balcony, ask the neighbors from above, whether they were insulated by the floor. If the answer to this question is positive, buy the master's beer as a sign of gratitude and safely skip the following few paragraphs, moving to the floor (for it, by the way, you will then have a neighbor beer below).

It is necessary to warm up the same as the walls, using polyurethane glue and dowels. Only you first need to stick the first layer, and from above - the second, with a heat transfer surface.

The seams between the details should be sealed with the mounting foam, and at the end - to sample with a special metallized sticky ribbon. In this case, even a strong cold will not hurt you to create an immortal masterpiece in your office on the balcony.

Unless, of course, take care of the insulation of the floor, which I, for example, accomplish myself as follows:

• i clean the surface of the floor from the residues of building materials, the influx of cement, dirt, garbage, glue, and so on;
• i drag the floor with foam;
• from above, mount the crate of wooden bars in advance with electric jigsaw;
• i install inside the crates insulating material, sealing the crevices of construction foam;
• intim the draft floor from plywood or ozp-slabs;
• from above, laying out flooring (usually linoleum or laminate).

However, my neighbor is the future professor - I wasveling the floor with heating in his balcony office. So he had to tell the order of work in this case:

• on the reinforced concrete balcony overlap you need to make a screed using a self-leveling mixture to level all protrusions and irregularities;
• on top of the frozen screed, it is necessary to lay a layer of heat-reflecting material with a heat insulator;
• on top to mount the heating electrical cable, fixing it with a special ribbon (you remember that water heating on the balcony can not be done, it means the water heated floor too);
• top pour another layer of cement screed;
• install the selected decorative flooring.

Decorative trim balcony

I will complete my story with a small story on how to complete the finishing of the balcony after its insulation. To do this, you can use many different materials:

• plastic panels;
• conventional and decorative plaster;
• wallpaper;
• tile;
• wooden lining.

Given that I told you how to warm the balcony of mineral wool, I will continue this topic. I will describe how you can install lining or plastic panels on the walls. The technology is very similar, since both of these material are separate lamellas connected with each other with a special system of spikes and grooves.

And there is nothing to do here:

• the first part is mounted on the installed crate, ranging from the angle;
• after that, all subsequent details are installed.

I try to give preference to wood, as it is natural material, but with plastic it is easier to work, it does not require additional finishes and cheap.

Output

Everything, I will no longer distract your attention, as I think you will not tolerate to start the insulation of your own balcony. Or to writing dissertation in philology. By the way, I would be grateful if you write about the results of your efforts in the comments to this article.

And for those who are interested in other issues related to repair and finishing, I recommend to see video in this article.

September 4, 2016.

If you want to express your gratitude, add clarification or objection to ask the author - add a comment or tell me thanks!

Loggia, from a constructive point of view, is perfect for becoming a full room or continuation of the apartment. To make it possible, it is necessary to hold a number of construction and installation work on insulation, glazing, finishing. The result is a cozy relax room, a spacious living room, an extra room for work.

The result from insulation may differ from the desired, if you do not consider several factors when choosing materials and technology of insulation work.

Factor First - Further Purpose of the Room:

• if it is supposed to have a utility room, then any insulation is used in one layer; It is thermally insulated, mainly, only part directly in contact with the street - parapet;
• the desire to have a separate full-fledged room will require the use of different types of thermal insulation materials, which are placed in two layers along the entire surface of the loggia;
• the option of combining the loggia and room will also require two-layer insulation, but in this case the main attention is paid to the parapet, and the walls are covered in one layer.

The factor of the second is the size of the loggia itself, since if it is small, then such a heater is selected, which, with a small thickness, has a rather high heat-stash indicator. In this case, the useful area will be reduced slightly.

The factor is the third - accounting that any material from which the walls of the indoor is made, passes the moisture accumulated inside. These pairs of water, facing the colder street, settle on the outside of the wall. If this wall is insulated, the insulation is covered with moisture, which leads to its rotting and a decrease in thermal insulation properties. It is necessary that water steam does not reach the insulation.

Materials for insulation

There are a number of a number in the construction market, with the properties of which you need to get acquainted before correctly insulate the loggia inside. What is attached to the consumer?

Mineral wool and all materials that have the basis of producing it or basalt fiber - very popular material with good indicators of thermal insulation, sound insulation and fire resistance. During the service, it retains the form and structure, not amenable to aggressive media and microorganisms, but strongly hygroscopic. Such high water permeability requires careful waterproofing work. The disadvantages include the thickness of the material and the need to arrange the crate and the hydrocker, which takes the useful area.

Polyfoam is obtained from polystyrene. It is chosen for durability, low thermal conductivity, resistance to microorganisms, low hydrophobicity. For the insulation of the walls of the loggia inside, the foam foam is suitable, since the usual very fuel.

Penoplex, Teplex, Primaplex, Straform, Ursaform, URSA, XPS - materials for the base of extruded polystyrene foam. They have the lowest indicators of warmth, which means the highest thermal insulation properties. These materials are durable, easy to install, provide good hydro and sound insulation.

As a heater for the loggia, materials made of extruded polyethylene and coated with one or both sides of the foil: foam, anti-flame, heat, isolon. Among all the listed heat insulators, its thermal conductivity is the highest. Therefore, as an independent material is used for "cold" insulation or as reflective material for the inner walls. But a small thickness and high pairs of resistance allows it to be used as a second layer of insulation.

Separately, it is worth saying about the material that is not produced by plates or rolls. which is sprayed as foam and creates a single heat insulating surface. For all technical indicators, he surpasses other materials. The main disadvantage is high flammability with the release of toxic substances. Self installation is almost impossible, as a special installation for spraying is required.

Stages of thermal insulation work

Before heating the loggia inside, spend a range of preparatory work:

• glazing and sealing all the slots between the frames and the wall, parapet;
• surface preparation;
• waterproofing.

Double double glazing with frames from any material are chosen as glazing. They must be functional, have ventilation mode and are quite easy to not create an additional load of the slab overlap.

Walls, ceiling, the floor is pre-cleaned from garbage and other contamination, check the integrity of the surface. When cracks and intercutric cracks are detected, they are filled with sealant. If necessary, align.

An important approach to that is correct and better to insulate the loggia is the creation of a layer of waterproofing. To do this, use one or more materials, because it is necessary to water the parapet and all external walls, gender, ceiling, frames.

The waterproofing materials include:

• ruberoid;
• various types of coating, painting substances;
• penetrating waterproofing;
• folgoisolone.

Rolled waterproofing is glued to the base to the base, and the seams are sealed with sealant, they are stuck with a special tape or solder, as in the case of the ruberoid. When the coating, the fluolisolone is obtained by an additional layer of thermal insulation. The use of loose, painting, penetrating isolation is justified in hard-to-reach metas and in the case where the size of the room is very small.

After determining which insulation is better for the loggia and carrying out preliminary work, proceed directly to the warming itself. There are two ways:

• a solid layer of thermal insulation material is created and any variants of steam penetration to the insulation are minimized;
• laying the insulation and coating with vapor barrier.

Ways of insulation

First.

In this case, materials with low vapor permeability are used: foam plastic, polystyrene foam. Their thickness should be such to create the required resistance to the passage of the steam and, at the same time, to be sufficient for the necessary heat insulation. In the case of using a tiled insulation, the sequence of work is such:

• divorce tile glue;
• the glue is applied at the corners of the plate and in the center;
• the stove is applied to the surface and through it is drilled by a punch hole with a depth of up to 6 cm under a dowel;
• through the drilled holes using mushrooms-dowels, the final fastening is carried out, 5 dowels are minimally used;
• the next plate is stacked after checking the surface of the rule;
• the seams between the plates are sealed with a mounting glue or skill with scotch;
• it is possible to pave a second layer of insulation, for example, foam;
• after laying all sheets, reinforcement of the fiberglass is carried out;
• runs for equalizing mesh textures.

Reinforcement is carried out in four stages:

1. processing slabs with a coarse grain;
2. cover plates with glue with a thickness of up to 3 mm;
3. push into glue glass with cells of 5x5 mm;
4. apply a second layer of glue over the grid.

You can use rolled heat insulating materials, laying technology will not change. In this case, pieces of insulation of the desired size are cut off.
After such insulation, surfaces are completely ready for painting, or any other decorative material.

Second.

For this method there are no restrictions on the choice of insulation, since the technology provides for the creation of a parobacker between it and decorative finish. It is carried out such insulation with the help of arrangement of a wooden doomba or without it, but then the fence for, PVC plates are made on top of vaporizolation.

Doom do from wooden bars or metal fasteners and profiles. In the case of metal parts, insulation are necessarily paired.

The height and width of the root depends on the type of insulation:

• for mineral wool, the bars are selected with a smaller width than its mats so that the styling was carried by anger;
• it is advisable to lay a few wool layers so as to cover the bars, then they will not become cold wiring;
• for foam, all parameters of sheets and bars must coincide.

After laying the insulation in the lamp, the vapor of vapor insulation material is attached to it. It may be ordinary polyethylene, membrane. All vehicles of vapor barrier are sick with scotch. If the facing of the insulation was carried out without a doom, then the profiles for mounting finishing are attached from above.