Every year the cost of utilities, whether electricity or, rapidly growing. Alas, it happens both because of the usual inflation and the increase in the cost of energy carriers and due to the banal greed of service providers. That is why today more and more people are looking for an alternative to reduce the defeats that, apparently, in a few years it will be simply inappropriate.
Autonomous Boiler room in an apartment building
And many people find a solution to this problem. One boiler room at an apartment building is able to fully satisfy the needs of all residents, providing them with high-quality heating, as well as the supply of the desired amount of hot water. However, the installation of its own autonomous boiler room is an extremely serious decision that cannot be taken, without considering everything and without weighing a hundred times all "for" and "against." And for this you should know both about the pros and few minuses.
So, you are thinking about the possibility of installing your own boiler room, which would have heated the entire apartment building and served hot water into each of the apartments. What advantages and disadvantages do you need to know to take a right decision that will not make you repent of the future?
Scheme of the heating system in an apartment building To begin with, it is worth talking about disadvantages, as they are significantly less.
On this, the main disadvantages of the autonomous boiler house are exhausted. Of course, they are very significant, which is why there is a mini-boiler room today. But still the number of such mini boilers is growing rapidly. Why? Because of the advantages of autonomous heating below.
- Full independence from urban monopolists in housing and communal services. Everyone is well aware that in every city there is only one company that provides services for heating and serving hot water into residential apartment buildings. And they can virtually uncontrollable to increase the cost of their services. If you install your own boiler room, then monopolists will no longer have pressure levers on you.
- Minimize heat loss. As practice shows passing through multi-kilometer heating mains, the coolant (hot water) loses up to 30% of the obtained heat (depending on the remoteness from the city boiler room).
An example of heat loss in an apartment building And for this warmly forced to pay ultimate consumers. In the autonomous heating systems, heat loss is measured by percentages. So already due to this payment decreases by a third.
- Boiler room heating one house, and not thousands, easily adjusted. If it becomes too hot in the apartments, you can easily reduce fuel consumption, and in frosty days to increase. Due to this, the temperature in the premises will always be optimal, arranging each of the inhabitants. You do not have to air the room, reducing the temperature and at the same time releaseing heat into the street for which considerable money is paid. But at the same time, it is not necessary to use additional heat sources (electric heaters) to maintain a sufficiently high temperature in the apartment.
- To keep in perfect manner, it is enough to hire one dispatcher, following the testimony of all devices, as well as one or two incoming setups, which are used only when breakdowns are detected. If your home is connected to the urban heating industry, you will have to pay for services not only than tens (or even hundreds) of ordinary installers, but also hundreds of accountants, directors, their deputies, secretaries, drivers and many others. There will also save considerable money.
- In most cases connected to the city heat center, starts from October 15 and ends at April 15. And even if autumn and spring are issued unusually cold or warm for this locality, no one will change the dates of the beginning and the end of the heating season.
Therefore, in the offseason in apartments is often too hot or too cold. The presence of an autonomous boiler room allows you to enable and disconnect the heating when it is necessary. Most often, such decisions are accepted by the council of residents at home. Of course, this allows not only to reduce heating costs, but also maintain the optimal temperature in the rooms, regardless of the temperature behind the walls of the house.
What conclusion can be made of the foregoing?
Autonomous boiler house needs more attention and constant care from tenants or specially hired specialists.
But it allows one month to save considerable money. Therefore, all the initial costs will be quite quickly compensated, and very soon you will notice that you have free money, which used to pay for utility bills.
Where the boiler room should be located
A very serious question is the correct location of the boiler room. Most often in apartment buildings, boilers are installed either on the roof or in the basement. Provide the presence of the last only in the basement or.
True, sometimes you can also see boiler houses located in small buildings standing in several tens of meters from the house. This can be a good solution: there is no need to raise and mount the equipment on the roof of the building, but at the same time it does not create the threat of an explosion due to leakage of fuel and its clusters in the basement of the building.
But still this method is not too popular: the need for additional construction, fillings of the foundation and carrying out a large volume of land, scares many potential owners of autonomous heating boilers. Therefore, only two options are usually considered - the boiler on the roof and in the basement. And about them worth telling a little more.
So looks like a boiler room on the roof What is good boiler room in the basement
Installation of boiler house in the basement usually delivers significantly less hassle and problems: no need to raise equipment, weighing a lot of centners, on the roof of a five-storey (or higher) building. In addition, it is not necessary to conduct a number of complex calculations that allow you to determine if the roof will withstand an additional load, and if not, how much and how best to strengthen the supporting structures.
However, there are certain limitations: the boiler room in the basement should not work on explosive fuel.
Therefore, gas and diesel boilers cannot be installed in the basement. The fact is that the fire and explosion of tanks with fuel in the basement of the building threatens the integrity of the entire apartment building, as well as the life and health of residents. Only solid fuel and electric boiler rooms can be installed in the basement.
An example of a boiler room in the basement of the house The latter is inconvenient due to the high cost of electricity: the cost of maintaining the electrical heating boiler is almost impossible to recoup. Solid fuel are complex in maintenance: fuel (firewood, coke, coal, peat) must be loaded manually, from 2 to 4 times a day.
It is also worth noting that when installing a boiler room in the basement, serious problems may occur when. Its upper point should be higher than the house, in the basement of which the boiler room is installed, as well as above houses located nearby. Although some of this problem take into account.
Date: 12.12.2015
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What is a boiler room on the roof of the house and why it is needed
Operation and maintenance of the boiler room on the roof of the house are possible either in block-modular design, or if its construction was envisaged at the stage of building a house: such a model is called "built-in". But in 95% of cases, the roof boiler house of a residential building is a complex of block modules that are collected at the factory are raised to the high-rise building and are mounted in place.
Question from the reader: "Help, please understand the value of the cost of heating and hot water supply. Our house serves the management company, on the roof of the house there is a roof boiler room, but the cost of heating services and hot water is at the level of urban. Why and what is the advantage of the roof boiler room? And who, after wear, in a few years will pay for the purchase of a new boiler? "
So, considering this issue, we decided to allocate several items related to autonomous heating.
1. For what principles are tariffs for heating and DHW services in the case of a roof boiler room?
2. What are the advantages of autonomous heating (roof boiler room)?
3. Maintenance and repair of equipment during autonomous heating.
1. Autonomous boiler room (in particular, the roof) is a room with a heat generator or a whole complex of buildings created to generate heat in order to heating a single structure. Boiler room is the main element of a decentralized heating system and hot water supply (DHW) and may be owned by residents or belong to a legal entity (for example, a management company).
In the event that the roof boiler house is the total ownership of the residents of an apartment building, the fee for the consumed resources establishes the owners on the basis of a contract with a resource-supply organization (RSO). RSO only serves the roof boiler house (owners of housing and resource-supplying organization conclude a contract for work). And the decisive role in setting tariffs is given by the Contractor of Communal Services, whom the RNo is not here. The executor of utilities (they can serve as a century) is guided by the Government Decision of the Russian Federation No. 307, according to which "in the production of heat energy for heating an apartment building using an autonomous heating system, which is part of the common property of the owners of the premises in an apartment building (in the absence of centralized heating), The size of the heating fees is calculated based on the readings of the accounting devices and the corresponding fuel tariffs used for the production of heat energy ... "and" When cooking hot water using domestic engineering systems of an apartment building (in the absence of centralized hot water cooking), the size of the cost of hot water is calculated Based on the readings of the metering devices and the corresponding rates for cold water and fuel used for the preparation of hot water ... "(p.18)
If a resource-supplying organization (RSO), being a legal entity, owns the roof boiler room (owners of housing and resource-supplying organization conclude a contract for the sale of boiler house), then it is a heat supply organization and the executor of utilities (under the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 190 "On Heat Sun") With the activities regulated by the state. Therefore, tariffs for resource consumption are established by the State Department for the Tariffs of the City Administration (Region). Actual information on all tariffs can be found on the official website of the Department.
In order to find a response, what principle the cost of services for heat and hot water is calculated, you should find out how legal relations are organized in the situation under consideration. If the management company is the full owner of the roof boiler room (there is a contract of sale of the boiler room), then the tariffing should be carried out in the city rates.
If it turns out that your management company is not a performer of utilities and only serves boiler room, billing does not comply with the legislation of the Government of the Russian Federation, and can be addressed to the court with a claim.
2. Roof boilers, which are equipped on the roof of an apartment building have a number of advantages over the usual centralized heating systems and DHW.
a. Perhaps the main and serious argument towards the use of autonomous heating and roof boilers is a significant savings of energy resources. According to statistics, the roof boilers reduce resource-processes by 45% compared with centralized open systems.
b. Autonomous heating - manageable. This means that the owners of the house in the right to regulate the temperature during the heating season and within 24 hours. In practice, it can be seen that such control of heating saves to pay for fuel to 30%.
in. Roof boilers do not require permanent maintenance, so the presence of people during the functioning of the boiler room has no need. Full control over the condition and work of the boiler house is carried out through the dispatching item.
the boiler room, located on the roof of the building, eliminates a number of problems:
- No need to take place on the land plot for the construction of boiler house;
- gives free access to the pipeline;
- Provides excellent conditions for equipment (no pressure on pipes, aggregates, boilers, etc.);
- Comfortable air supply to boilers;
- Saving material for the manufacture of chimney.
the safety of the operation of the roof boiler rooms is another bold plus toward autonomous heating. In the case of unauthorized incoming chimneal emissions in the apartment, the danger of a serious accident is not high.
e. Roof boilers - environmentally friendly due to good scattering and volatilization of gases.
3. Returning to Resolution No. 307 "On the procedure for providing utilities to citizens" can be seen that "... The costs of maintaining and repairing outdoor engineering systems used for the production of thermal energy, as well as the cost of maintaining and repairing outdoor engineering systems used for cooking Hot water is included in the fee for the maintenance and repair of the residential premises »(paragraph 18 of PP of the Russian Federation No. 307).
In addition, in accordance with the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, "the owners of the premises in an apartment building carry the burden of costs for the mainstater content in an apartment building" (Art. 39).
Consequently, the installation of the boiler or other failed element of the boiler installation is carried out at the expense of tenants. In practice, the cost of monthly payments for heat and DHW can include a percentage of unexpected repairs or installation of a new boiler room, which is required every 25 years.
What problems often face residents of an apartment building in winter? First of all, it is poor-quality heat supply. Also saddened hopelessness while waiting for the start of switching on septulating systems. Gas boiler room for an apartment building will help maintain a constant temperature in each apartment and save on payment of services.
Residents are forced to freeze from the cold to the start date of the heating season. The need to pay a round sum will to pay a round of heating the most persistent.
Installation of gas boiler on the roof will solve problems with heating times and forever. The main obstacles to the decision to solve the installation of a gas boiler room are associated with obtaining permits in the administration and the acquisition of suitable equipment.
Usually autonomous gas boiler houses are equipped in apartment buildings in separate rooms. For these purposes, separate rooms are suitable for the roof.
They include all the necessary equipment for the continuous operation of the heating system. The power of the installed equipment should be enough to warm the radiators and heating the water in the apartments of the whole house.
The first appearance of the roof boiler houses in Russia in the 90s is associated with the desire of investors-developers. They wanted to establish high-quality and uninterrupted heat in the houses under construction. Centralized systems could not satisfy overestimated requirements.
Such mini-boiler rooms are equipped with many modern devices and a variety of devices. In autonomous systems, the most modern heating technologies are used. This allows one boiler room even to several houses, which increases the profitability for tenants several times.
There are several factors that determine the benefit from the installation of a roof gas boiler room in apartment buildings.
First of all, it is a significant reduction in the distance from heat generator to radiators and pipes in apartments. Due to this, heat loss during the circulation of water in the system are reduced. Approximate calculations show that the owners pay the heating of an amount of 30% higher than the real value due to heat loss.
Residents who have established a gas boiler house in the basement or on the roof of a multi-storey house, note a real reduction in utility costs. Also, they are much less likely to face the need for frequent service maintenance: their repair, installation and reconstruction. Modern communications are distinguished by high quality and durability.
In connection with the shortening of the path that water should pass from the central energy carrier, the speed of heating system increases. Also, on average, the temperature of batteries and hot water increases. Although it is more regulated by setting up the gas boiler.
Roof boilers enjoy great popularity due to the fact that practical always near apartment buildings is missing for the construction of land construction. The location of the boiler houses at the bottom of the house creates an additional hydraulic load
If you compare the central heating system with an autonomous one, then the second option wins in many indicators. It is economy, and water heating rate in the system.
In addition, central heating includes only to achieve certain temperatures. However, cold weather can hold for a long time until it reaches the required minimum. And the tenants are forced to endure cold and suffer.
With the autonomous system, it is possible to maintain the desired level of heat all year round and do not depend on utility services. On radiators and contours, the thermostators are usually installed, allowing to change the temperature depending on the needs of users. Sometimes the set of comfortable temperature allows you to save additionally.
Disadvantages of modern heating systems
As in any heating system, there are no drawbacks in autonomous. Although they are much smaller in comparison with centralized. Due to the fact that gas autonomous boilers are not much common, get reliable equipment and all adjacent nodes are quite problematic.
Therefore, the elements of the boiler house will cost customers in a round sum. Despite the high level of comfort, which is provided to the systems under consideration, not all developers are ready to pay for this big money.
In the event of an emergency situation, the entire heat supply system completely comes out. Above the heads of people are up to five cubic meters of boiling water. In the event of a pipe explosion, water will go down. Therefore, so many requirements for gas equipment are presented.
In addition, gas boilers need to be placed in separate rooms or buildings. To do this, it is necessary to highlight the area near the house, lead to the required technical conditions of the roof, or establish a block design on the roof. All of these solutions require influencing additional resources or from the developer, or from the General Fund created by residents.
Gas heating systems are distinguished into the environment polluting its decomposition products. Therefore, when equipped with boiler rooms, it is necessary to provide installation of filtering systems. Cleaning devices must fulfill their functions sufficiently to be respected by SNiP. This further increases the cost of purchasing equipment.
When building a new home, the developer has a choice: to make an autonomous heating system or connect to the central highway. To crash into the highway, you need to get a number of permissions. Often, the permission of the problem requires a circular amount of money. In addition, it will be necessary to wait for more than one month until paper will be inspected in all instances.
The high cost of joining the existing networks, difficulties in coordinating this procedure, as well as the presence of a set of interference that impede the rapid and operational conducting of heat networks reduce the attractiveness of autonomous systems for the developer.
Often the installation of gas boilers on the upper enclosing design entails the need to enhance the overlap. The overall load created by the heating system can reach 15 tons. You can avoid such values \u200b\u200bby installing flowing equipment instead of capacitive
Installation of autonomous heating is also associated with a number of bureaucratic procedures. And the initial conduct of systems and reconstruction with redevelopment have its own characteristic features. It is mainly due to the fact that you are going to use gas as a heating resource. All gas work is strictly regulated by law.
Modern engineering developments are effectively struggling with a number of shortcomings. If it is necessary to heat only one house, an excellent option will be placed by block boiler in the attic room at home. The attic becomes heated, and the tenants of the last floor do not have discomfort.
Similar structures are developed in detail by engineers, have lightweight weight and are installed on the bearing walls. For such options, a flat roof option is needed. This subtlety is usually taken into account during the design phase. Designers carry out calculations and in advance determine the place for the boiler room on the roof of the house.
Legislatively establishes a restriction on the capacity of equipment on the roofs of houses in 3 MW. Some regions have a limit of 5 MW. If such power is not enough for a full heating of the whole home, then you need to request additional permissions
However, despite all the flaws, ultimately, the tenants of the house will significantly improve the conditions of life and get rid of discomfort. In addition to all the obvious advantages, autonomous systems have an increased level of security.
New systems are equipped with threats and accidents. A variety of tracked many indicators. In the event of a breakdown, the backup boiler and additional pumps are activated.
Classification and features of the roof boiler
If we talk about heating one particular home, then one of the best options for the boiler room with a decentralized system is a flat roof. In the text of SNiP, all allowed types of boiler rooms are described in detail. In technical documents, special attention is paid to the requirements for heating equipment intended for installation on the overlap.
Operation and installation of heating systems are negotiated separately for two types of structures: built-in and block-modular. Separate requirements, technical conditions and limitations are presented to each option. Also, these two types of boiler rooms have their own characteristics: advantages and disadvantages.
According to the rules, it is unacceptable to install the heating equipment right above the residential premises. This means that the apartment building should provide for the technical floor.
Speaking about the advantages of installing an autonomous boiler on the roof, the following should be selected:
- There is no need to acquire a plot for a boiler room near the house;
- There are no difficulties associated with the calculation of the design and the conduct of smokers;
- The task is greatly facilitated;
- Roof boilers do not have restrictions on the type of fuel, and the use of gas is one of the most profitable options.
The combination of the advantages of the installation of the construction under consideration on the roofs causes a high frequency of applying this solution when planning autonomous heating.
The installation of boiler room on the roof is appropriate only when all the requirements and restrictions described in SNiP and PPB are taken into account. Let us then consider each of the available types of roof autonomous boiler.
Block-modular boiler
Block or modular boiler rooms have a compact size and occupy a small area. Special blocks are brought to the roof site on the roof of the house, which are then connected to the finished and working design. Each element of the structure is completed at the factory and is equipped with all the necessary equipment that is connected to the general system.
After the assembly, the heat station is ready to work. All necessary equipment is provided by the manufacturer and mounted in the module. It is also envisaged for the availability of individual rooms for service personnel.
Modern roof boilers operate all year round in automatic mode and do not require constant monitoring and presence of personnel. Therefore, heat supply is carried out without interruptions.
All equipment is selected for the required technical parameters and complies with the standards. Blocks usually equip high-quality insulation and reliable ventilation system.
They may also have an attractive appearance and an unusual design. When installing, the main task of the specialists is to properly connect all nodes and verify the performance of all elements.
Designers and engineers provide in advance to the future installation of the boiler room for gas equipment on the roofs of multi-storey houses. They minimize weight and dimensions of the construction frame. Usually professionals collect boiler houses in a few working days.
Installing a block-modular roof boiler house consists of several stages. First of all, it is necessary to conduct an examination that will determine the supporting ability of the building and the necessary procedures for its increase. If it turns out that it is necessary to enhance the design, then the procedures are first performed.
Then install the platform that will rely on the bearing walls of the building. This is necessary for the stability of the block. The next step is the creation of a fire resistant coating under the gas boiler room.
Usually, a layer of concrete is poured to solve this problem. It is also necessary to ensure safety by setting the railil around the perimeter of the roof. Sometimes the procedures for improving sound insulation are needed.
Block gas boilers have a full factory configuration. Manufacturers provide quality guarantee. On the roof, blocks are sent almost ready for launch and gather in meek
Block boiler are suitable for installation in a building where centralized heating was originally. However, for their arrangement, it is necessary to acquire equipment with valid specifications and have a project.
Built-in boiler room on the roof of the house
The layout of such boiler rooms fit into project documents in advance. Even at the design stage, each element of the built-in roof boiler room is thoroughly described. Engineers calculate many different indicators and, based on the calculations, design a safe and efficiently operating heating system.
Such indicators include the load on the walls, the level of fire safety, the required power of the boiler and others. Conduct these calculations at the design stage is much easier and cheaper than redoing the centralized system in autonomous.
Simultaneously with the construction of the building, a number of events are carried out. These include:
- ensuring sound insulation and suppression of noise published by heating equipment;
- protection of boiler house from vibrations;
- ensuring protection against ignition, explosions and gas leaks.
Conducting these procedures at the construction stage increases their effectiveness. Most of the houses were built under the centralized heating system, and only in the last 5-10 years there are embedded boiler rooms.
Stationary gas boiler houses are built from materials similar to those that build the building. To this end, the prefabricated designs of the Sandwich type or a variety of reinforced concrete blanks are used.
Experienced engineers are engaged in the design of embedded boilers. This is due to the need to comply with safety standards and legislative prescriptions.
The advantages of such boiler houses include the absence of the need to spend money and capital construction time. Also, the customer acquires the finished, proven and established design, which will heat the tenants of the house for many years.
Thanks to modern developments, there is a possibility of practically complete control automation. This allows you to have a minimum number of service personnel. The environmental friendliness of the built-in gas boiler houses is provided by modern filtering systems.
Integrated or built-in boilers are usually installed within a few days, which is very profitable for the developer.
Device autonomous boiler room
Not always tenants buy a finished block boiler room. In some cases, the help of specialists in assembling an individual system is required.
The arrangement of the gas boiler room plays a crucial role in its effective functioning. It is necessary to allocate a separate area on the roof. Around the site should not find flammable materials.
Domestic boilers enjoy less popular due to the fact that they offer users a low level of autonomy and automation. Experts advised to acquire European manufacturers
For security reasons, more than two boilers are not available: the main and reserve. Boilers are usually installed in the center of the room. This facilitates the approach to equipment for systematic maintenance and repair.
Walls, and with them and entrance doors are trimmed with non-flammable materials, such as steel sheets. The floors are poured with a concrete tie, then not a sliding coating on top of it.
The principle of operation of the autonomous gas boiler house is the processing of natural gas. Thanks to automatic installations, uninterrupted fuel supply is ensured. The protective system of the boiler overlaps the gas supply if the sensors fix leakage or breakage.
Key nodes boiler room
The work of the autonomous boiler house is ensured due to the presence of the following elements:
- Gas boilers, providing heating;
- Central gas mains supplying gas into the system;
- Ventilation system and chimney, output gas combustion products;
- Cold water and electricity supply system;
- Security system with a number of instruments and sensors measuring various indicators;
- Built-in automation.
For heating an apartment building, there is no power of the wall unit, so in this situation, floor gas boilers are used. Single-contact boilers provide only heating of the coolant for delivery to radiators. When choosing a suitable equipment worth navigating the boiler power. Also pay attention to licenses and registrations. The boiler must comply with the features of operation in your region
The boiler can be closed and an open combustion chamber. For an open type, it is necessary to conduct a smoke channel. A closed boilers are equipped.
Thanks to modern technologies, it has the possibility of almost complete remote control of the heating system when maintaining a high level of security.
The benefits of remote control include:
- Ability to adjust individual temperature regime for each apartment;
- The presence of a warning system for the values \u200b\u200bof the main indicators of the equipment;
- Innovative weather-dependent management system.
Modern smart boilers have sensors installed on the street, which measure the temperature outside the house. If the air temperature drops, the boiler in automatic mode begins to increase the temperature of the water in the system and vice versa.
What should be considered?
Before arranging the autonomous boiler room, a number of factors must be taken into account. If a single-mounted gas boiler is purchased, then for the supply of hot water, you will need to install a cumulative variety of water heater - a boiler.
For an extensive system of an apartment building, a distribution manifold will be required. Thanks to this device, constant pressure and temperature in all circuits will be supported. Hydroatlets are installed with the collector.
When water in the system heats up, its expansion occurs. In order to maintain constant pressure and compensate for expansion processes is set.
Standards suggest a different minimum height of the chimney pipe over the highest point of the roof. When calculating this indicator, the boiler capacity is taken into account and the designs located on the roof
It is important to consider smoke planning to eliminate gas decay products. Safety is installed, as well as a mechanical or automatic air vent. Before the heating system, you need to hind the fuel faucet.
If you build automation to the system, the need for human maintenance system will be reduced to planned system performance checks.
Installation of an autonomous gas boiler room has a number of nuances and difficulties. However, this variant of the heating system for an apartment building has a number of comparative advantages in comparison with the centralized system.
The main problems that will have to face developers and future residents are related to the receipt of permits in the administration and gas farm to arrange gas boiler house.
It takes time and requires certain resources. Residents of houses with centralized heating will face even larger problems. First of all, they will have to get an agreement to disable old systems and obtain technical conditions for the installation of new ones. Not always utility services go towards such issues.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
Overview of the roof boiler house TDK "New City":
Installation of gas boiler in Light led to a large savings:
Acquisition of block boiler rooms - one of the favorable options for developers. Their delivery and installation takes a short time interval, and the prices for equipment are acceptable. This allows you to not pay a long time.
Residents who have decided to establish autonomous heating protect themselves in the future from the shortcomings of centralized systems, guarantee continuous heating and the supply of hot water all year round.
Please write comments below the block below, place photos on the subject of the article, ask questions. Tell us about your experience in the device and / or operation of the autonomous gas boiler house. It is possible that your advice will be extremely helpful to site visitors.
As part of this article, I want to reveal the topic on installing a gas roof boiler house in an apartment building. Such equipment is installed in my husband's parents house, which allowed me to study in detail all the subtleties and features of the operation of the structure. Immediately I want to note that this is the optimal option to reduce the size of utility payments by almost 30%. To achieve a similar result and avoid possible violations, it is necessary to establish a structure in full compliance with the special construction requirements specified in SNiP.
So, what are the categories and types of roof boilers, what advantages provide these structures and how to install them correctly? By education I am an engineer. This will allow me to answer the questions as detailed as possible and understandable for the usual alignment.
The types of suitable boilers used are described as much as possible in SNiP. This technical documentation also spelled out the basic requirements and regulations for installation. Their compliance makes it possible to establish equipment on the roof of the modern urban structure without any violations. At the moment there are two main types of boiler facilities:
- Built-in.
- Block-modular.
For each individual type of structural and technical solution, individual rules of installation and restrictions are adopted. In general, their installation provides such important for the inhabitants for the heating system, as:
- Complete lack of costs for the construction of a separately located technical structure.
- No need to build a high pipe for the disharmonation of smoke.
- Reducing the overall hydraulic load on boiler aggregates.
- Ensuring a high level of safety in the operation of modern heating equipment.
Despite a large number of advantages, it is advisable to approach the solution to carry out the installation of the boiler. It is important to take into account the requirements prescribed in PPB and SNiP.
Blood-modular roofing boiler
The heating construction of such a plan represents fully equipped and finished station. Required equipment and maintenance devices are mounted in separate modules. There are even special premises for the work of the service personnel.
Modular equipment is calculated so that the maximum reduce the total weight of the installed structure and the load on the roof of the apartment building. Installing block boiler requires a preliminary design of the project and consists of the following actions:
- A special platform is installed. It should be based on the bearing parts of the walls and on other designs of the house.
- Professional examination is carried out before installation. Through it, it is possible to determine the overall carrying capacity of the structure of the house, check the need to enhance significant elements of the house.
- The construction is mounted on a coating made of materials resistant to fire, on a pre-flooded concrete pillow. Its thickness must be 20 cm.
- Action measures are taken to ensure a high level of security of employees. The installation of the railil around the perimeter of the roof is carried out.
- Installation of sound insulation modules is required.
The construction of blocks is optimally suitable for homes in which it was originally planned to carry out a similar heating system.
Built-in boiler rooms
The structures establish if the installation of a similar station was stipulated at the project preparation. In the equipment, the loads imposed on the bearing walls are originally taken into account, the provision of fire safety and other rules and conditions for competent operation are thought out.
Compose and then coordinate the developed project such a boiler room is much easier than modular. Noise absorbing, sound insulation, as well as the main anti-vibration operations are carried out when the walls are erected and during finishing work. This significantly increases the overall level of their effectiveness.
Built-in boilers are very rare. They are installed in new homes built for extreme 5 years.
Heating boilers
On the roofs of modern urban apartment buildings, you can install only those boilers that comply with the requirements of SNiP II-35-76. This equipment is characterized by a high level of automation of work. Without the obligatory round-the-clock presence of employees, you can organize the perfect level of heating at home.
When choosing modern boilers, the heating system Preference is worth paying equipment from European companies:
- Fuera;
- Wessex;
- Viessmann;
- PROTHERM;
- Vaillant;
- Lochinvar.
When choosing the optimal option, it is necessary to rely on the level of thermal power of the device, for the presence of appropriate licenses. Boilers are necessarily recorded in Rostekhnadzor. This confirms the complete adaptation of devices to the conditions of operation in the territory of the Russian Federation.
Gas boiler house projects
Design standards are governed by clamping conditions regulated. They are constantly complemented and changed, as new technologies appear, modern modified equipment is produced. Requirements affect the four most important areas - gas supply, placement, compliance of PPB and standard power supply. Here are the basic rules for the preparation of the project of the boiler room:
- Invalid installation of a technical structure at the floors of residential premises.
- It is strictly forbidden to closely adjoining the equipment to the walls belonging to the apartments.
- You can only operate completely autonomous from the station building.
- It is necessary to install alarm system and a special system that gives signals when a complex emergency occurs.
The height of the established chimneys above the roof of the building should be at least 0.5 meters relative to the highest part of the building. It can vary depending on the nearby buildings and inherent technical characteristics.
Requirements for houses and roofs
Regulations are prescribed on the installation of boiler houses for the following categories:
- Public. It is forbidden to place equipment over the premises, where more than 50 people are simultaneously. We are talking about children's institutions, clinics and hospitals.
- Apartment houses. Here it is forbidden to install stations with a total capacity above 3 MW.
Built-in boilers are also limited by power. A ban on the installation of equipment is established, the thermal power of which is more than 15% of the total need. There are several restrictions that are mandatory:
- The total height of the installation should not exceed 26.5 meters, which is equal to a 9-storey structure.
- The size of the structure should not exceed the dimensions of the house.
- It is not allowed to increase the width of the walls and engage in re-equipment of the roof to reduce the load on the main bearing walls.
- Installation of boiler house is carried out only after examination and conducting certain reconstructions.
Any evasion of the established requirements will result in the montage of the boiler room. The prohibition will be valid until the violations have completely eliminate.
Gas supply to the construction
There are several rules for the design and installation of gas structures:
- The allowed pressure in the highway does not exceed 5 kPa.
- The gas pipeline is carried out on the outside of the house, the insertion is invalid.
- Pipes are open, it is not allowed to close them with removable panels or lattices.
- The location of the control and turning off the supply of gas should be highlighted and equipped with a shut-off-regulating reinforcement.
- The installation of purge pipes is envisaged, the diameter of which is at least 20 cm.
In these boiler rooms, the installation of the heating coolant with a temperature of not more than 115 degrees is allowed. The supply of hot water is carried out according to a separately located closed circuit with the help of a installed heat exchanger.
The GWS laying should not be crossed with the gas pipeline. This requires security conditions.
Power supply boiler room
According to the standard classification of power supply, the roof boilers in terms of reliability should relate to the second class. To comply with this rule, the following rules are required:
- It is envisaged to ground gas equipment and a heating system connected to it.
- The lighting of the system is organized using completely sealed luminaires equipped with a metal grid.
- It is necessary to organize backup power. It will connect when the electrical power is turned off.
Be sure to have a shield where you can turn off the equipment from the power supply. It must be located outside the facilities.
Commissioning - Basic Requirements
According to the rules of standard technical operation, the commissioning of the boiler room is divided into two main events:
- Production of project documents and their coordination.
- Implementation of laid technical and installation operations.
When arranging the boiler room, work is carried out to ensure noise insulation and complete compliance with PPB. After that, the staff is selected. Employees pass relevant courses, after they receive a license.
There is necessarily a bilateral treaty with residents of the house for serviced boiler room. The preparation of project documentation and official coordination is carried out by the Contractor, built a building, or an authorized representative of the Management Company.
Cost of installation
The material component of the installation of the equipment is automatically assigned to the tenants. The cost depends on a large number of factors:
- Category of the selected boiler. Budget options include devices from Polish and Italian manufacturers. More expensive options include the boilers of German producers Viessmann, Buderus.
- The need for additional work. The cost will be increased if the high-quality fire extinguishing system is required, ensure noise insulation and maintain.
- Registration of insurance. This is an important condition for commissioning.
On average, the cost of all equipment is 5-10 million rubles. The amount of the contribution is different and depends on the number of tenants and the power level of the installed heating equipment.
Summing up
As a conclusion, it is worth the advantages that makes the roof boiler room. The main positive factor is to reduce the size of the monthly payments due to the absence of intermediary services and the need to compensate for possible heat loss. The heating season begins when the corresponding weather conditions occur, it does not depend on a specific date.
The total cash costs for high-quality heating of apartments are reduced by about 30%, and batteries in apartments during the cold season are truly hot, which provides residents with the optimal level of comfort.