A one-story house is especially popular among customers, and, as a rule, it is a frame house with a pitched roof. Both standard designs and custom-made designs are popular. This is a great option for suburban construction, for a summer residence or for the life of a small family. If a family consists of 2-4 people, then the second floor, as a rule, is not needed - it is used only when guests arrive, but at the same time it must be constantly heated. And these are additional costs.
House with a lean-to roof frame
One-story frame houses are chosen by those who plan to engage in independent construction. Read about frame house building technology here. One floor allows you to avoid working at a sufficiently high height, and also allows you to do without additional equipment. Building a one-story frame house with a pitched roof also reduces the number of workers required to build the house.
Flat roof with seating area
At the same time, a frame with a simple roof can be very nice - despite the laconicism of the project. This can be achieved not only with the help of decoration, but also with the construction of a veranda, awnings and other architectural forms. You can also make an original and convenient arrangement of interior rooms by choosing a suitable house from a huge number of interesting projects of frame houses, which are offered both with a pitched roof and a gable roof. Today projects are limited only by your imagination.
Choosing a roof for the house
Most often, when building a one-story house, a gable roof is chosen, while undeservedly considering a gable roof less attractive. However, there are a number of options where a pitched roof is much better suited.
- When is it better to choose this option:
- When you prefer a simple design.
- When it is necessary to lighten the weight of the building.
- When you just like these projects.
- When you want to save on building materials.
- When you prefer a small slope angle - from 3 degrees to 45.
- If on the roof you want to make a sunbathing spot, create an open veranda, or otherwise use a roof deck.
Shed roof frame device
However, there are also disadvantages to the pitched roof. The most important thing is the impossibility of making an attic or an attic. Often snow accumulates on a flat roof, which must be cleaned off. In this case, the roof must be qualitatively insulated and insulated. It is necessary to choose a roofing material, taking into account the possibility of prolonged accumulation of snow on the roof.
Construction technology
Most often, inclined rafters are used for frame houses. The technology for the construction of such a pitched roof is to create walls of different heights. As a result, the rafters are supported and fixed with the lower end on the floor beams. A high wall or pillar is the support for the truss system at the top of it. It is also advisable to install additional slopes or posts that will make the structure more rigid and durable. This shed roof technology is used not only for frame houses, but also for brick and block houses, which is demonstrated by many projects.
Roof device for a one-story house
As we know, in the construction of frame houses, great importance is attached to the ventilation of the premises. The roof can also be ventilated and non-ventilated. An unventilated roof usually has a slight slope and must be carefully waterproofed and insulated. The ventilated roof has a gap between the roof and the ceiling, as a result of which the service life of the material is extended by removing water vapor from the insulation.
Do not forget that the choice of roofing material depends on the angle of inclination you choose. Recently popular material such as soft tiles suggests an angle of inclination of up to 10 degrees. It is recommended to use corrugated board at an angle of 10 to 20 degrees. Decking is chosen with a longitudinal profile and a wave height of 3 cm. If the angle of inclination is from 20 degrees, use ondulin or slate. Metal tiles can be installed if the roof angle is 25 degrees or more.
The device of a shed roof begins with the installation of a Mauerlat and floor beams. The second stage is the installation of the rafter system. All elements of the rafter system are made of 5 mm dry board (in thickness). They must be carefully processed with fire protection - it is possible in several layers.
Important: those rafters lying at the end of the walls that do not rest on the side part are fixed to the walls with screws with plugs or anchor bolts. Use a reinforced concrete strapping belt for better fixation!
All rafters must be rigidly fixed to the lower and upper edges of the roof. In the walls (upper strapping), nests are prepared in advance, where the floor beams will be laid. They are stacked on waterproofing. On the floor beams or on the Mauerlat, the lower part of the rafter legs is fixed. Stronger fixation is done with metal overlays. Intermediate struts and struts are used to provide even greater structural rigidity. The braces and struts are installed on the floor beams. For fixing, brackets or metal corners are also used.
To make a flat structure, start the installation from the outer rafter legs. A rope is pulled between them and, guided by it, the rest of the rafters are laid. The step is equal to the distance between the floor beams.
Important: when constructing rafters, the timber must be installed "with an edge", this will help maximize the resistance to deflection. As a result, you will get a flat roof even after many years.
Variety of projects with one floor
Sometimes one gets the impression that a one-story house cannot be interesting and eye-catching. And if a pitched roof is also being erected, which gives up to 25% savings, then such a house will be boring and simple. However, this is not the case.
Project with a plot
Today, projects of one-story houses are of a huge variety. Let's take a look at some of them. These projects can be taken as the basis for your future home, modified, changed, added some solutions and used. One-story houses are easy to build with your own hands, you can find additional information on the independent construction of one-story frame houses here.
The project of a one-story house with a flat roof
It is a house 10.1x15.2m. As we can see, it has 4 rooms that can be used as bedrooms for each family member, as well as one large common living room. The living room has access to the open veranda and the kitchen. The house has two bathrooms, the first of which has a toilet and a sink, and the second has a full bath, toilet, bidet. The kitchen also has a small utility room where a washing machine can be installed.
One-story frame house, project
It is an original elongated house, the length of which is 19.36 m. The width of the house is 12.45 m at the widest point (where the garage is). The house has 4 rooms, a kitchen and a large hall. The project includes 2 bathrooms. There is no access to the garage from the house.
Individual project of a one-story frame house with a pitched roof
It is a house with a large veranda leading out of the living room, a porch and 5 rooms, with fitted wardrobes, wardrobes and a large living room. We also see an extension-garage, which can be entered directly from the house. The house has dimensions of 14.94x16.14m. The house captivates with an abundance of rooms, conveniently located for all family members.
Of course, in our article we will not be able to consider all the projects, but on the basis of the considered ones, we can see that even single-story one-story houses are not alike, and can satisfy the needs of any person.
One-story frame house with a pitched roof: projects
A frame house with a pitched roof is a popular project that is economical and easy to build on its own. What are the projects of one-story houses?
How to build a frame house with a pitched roof: project options
Today, houses with a pitched roof are very popular. And although at first glance it may seem that a pitched roof looks normal. But if you show imagination at the stage of drawing up a project, then the house can learn from the original and interesting. In addition, it will not be difficult to build it, so that all the work can be done by hand.
Device
Most often, inclined stacks are used for frame-type houses. The device of a pitched roof for such a building consists in the installation of walls of various heights. Thus, the rafters will be supported and fastened with their lower ends to the floor beams.
The high wall will support the truss systems at the top. You can also take care of the installation of auxiliary slopes or stands. Thanks to them, the structure will become more reliable and rigid. It is possible to use this technology of a pitched roof not only in the construction of timber frame houses, but also in buildings made of bricks and foam blocks.
The first option assumes the presence of a small space between the roof and floors. Thus, moisture leaves the insulation, which prolongs the life of the material. But the unventilated roof is made with a slight angle of inclination and thoroughly high-quality waterproofing.
The video shows a project of a frame house with a pitched roof:
You should also pay close attention to the choice of roofing material. In this case, the selected angle of inclination must be taken into account. Today, soft tiles remain very popular for arranging a pitched roof. With its help, you can create a slope of up to 10 degrees. It is advisable to use corrugated board at an inclination of 20 degrees. If the angle of inclination is more than 20 degrees, then slate or ondulin will be a suitable material.
Installation of a roof in a frame house begins with the installation of a Mauerlat and a floor block. Next is the installation of the rafter system. All its parts are made of dry boards, the thickness of which is 5 cm. Before installing them, it is necessary to process them with special fire protection. Rafters that lie at the end of the walls and do not rest on the side of it should be fastened with screws with plugs.
The lower part of the rafter legs is fixed on the floor beams. You can get a strong and secure fit using metal pads. You can use intermediate struts to obtain a more rigid structure.
Installation of struts and struts is carried out on the floor beams. Strong attachment is possible using metal brackets. You can get a flat structure if you start installation work from the extreme rafter legs. You have to pull a rope between them. It will become a guideline for laying the remaining rafters. During installation, the stacked timber must be laid with an edge. Thus, it is possible to maximize the deflection resistance. As a result, you get a flat roof even after a couple of years of operation.
Popular projects
Today there are many interesting and original projects of frame buildings with a pitched roof.
Project No1
Today, the question remains relevant regarding the construction of a house from pure material. This project involves the construction of a two-story frame house with a pitched roof structure. Due to the large angle of inclination of the roof, the house acquires a visually external increase.
Project of a two-story frame house with a pitched roof
The space of the kitchen, living room and dining room is combined on the 1st floor and is complemented by a secondary light that comes from an open staircase. This makes the project even more interesting. There are also additional options here - a terrace and a covered parking lot. You may also be interested in learning about what a Scandinavian-style house looks like.
Project No2
You can build a house with a pitched roof using more budgetary projects. Most often these are two-story structures in which each cm2 is rationally planned. Since a pitched roof itself is cheap, this allows you to optimally distribute the space on the 2nd floor.
Bedrooms are located where the ceilings are highest. Bathroom, wardrobe and stairs in the lower part. The total volume decreases, and, consequently, the price for heating and construction. But what the interior of an American-style house looks like can be seen in the photo in the article.
Project No3
This two-story frame house with a pitched roof looks very interesting. Its area reaches 180-190 m2. The layout is standard here. There is a living room, kitchen and living rooms on the ground floor. Large windows provide good lighting in the living area. The second light in the living room allows you to visually enlarge the space of the house.
House up to 200 meters
On the second floor there are living rooms and a sauna. The roof of the frame house is made of bituminous tiles on polymer mastic. Due to this material, it is possible to give the coating reliability. But what projects of houses with columns in the classical style exist, you should follow the link and read the contents of this article.
Project No4
Since a pitched roof combines simplicity and reliability, it can be used even in the construction of a Finnish frame house. Such buildings are distinguished by their restrained and modest design. According to this project, the house is being built on screw piles. It has spacious and large windows and a 16 m2 terrace, which makes the building even more attractive.
Finnish technology
And although the dimensions of the house are small, this does not affect its functionality in any way. It houses such rooms as a kitchen, a bathroom, a living room, a bedroom. This option is perfect for arranging a country house. But what are the projects of two-story brick houses with a garage, and what they look like. can be seen in the photo in this article.
A pitched roof is a favorite technique of architects when erecting "glass" buildings. Projects of such houses most often involve a one-story structure. Due to the large area of glazing, the house is literally overflowing with sunlight.
Glazed house
The roof is slightly sloped. According to the project in the houses, there are such rooms as a living room, a kitchen, a dining room, a bedroom. In order to prevent overheating of the house in hot summer, large roof overhangs must be made from the sunny side. Due to them, there is a shade and coolness during the day. But what a brick house with an attic looks like, and how to build it, the video from the article will help you understand.
With a properly drawn up project and the use of high-quality building materials, you can build a frame house, suitable for year-round living.
Frame house with a pitched roof: projects, device
Frame house with a pitched roof: projects. The device of a shed roof for a frame house. Projects of one-story frame houses.
How to properly build a frame house with a pitched roof: step-by-step instruction from A to Z
A pitched roof, according to modern architects, is of primary decisive importance in the development of not only economy class housing, but also stylish one. After all, those efforts and costs that usually go to the construction of a multi-slope can now be directed to the exterior. For example, for the construction of a swimming pool in front of the house or an extension of a barbecue terrace. And the rest of the lean-to roof is not inferior at all in anything.
Therefore, it does not mean at all that a house with a pitched roof will turn out to be unprepossessing or too simple. On the contrary, by playing with the slope and direction of such a structure, roofing material and interior space, you will get a unique architectural project that none of your friends will definitely have. And our site will make such a house inexpensive in construction and modern both inside and outside!
Architectural Advantages of Shed Roofs
Of course, where gable roofs have existed for thousands of years, everything unusual seems ugly and ridiculous. But the Eiffel Tower in France in the first years of its construction confused the locals with its "unprepossessing".
The fashion for single-slope European villas came to the Russian open spaces quite recently. And until now, individual architects rebel against this trend, calling mono-pitched roofs exclusively "sheds" and claiming that clients do not even look at such projects.
But in fact, not only the customers of their future "dream house", but self-builders with golden hands are increasingly making the roofs of their buildings exactly one-pitched, with a different angle, direction and combination with other roofs. Because, in addition to the more dynamic look that only an inclined plane can give, pitched roofs are actually more functional and even economical.
Most often in world practice, single-pitched roofs can be found in Finnish houses, which are known for their pleasant combination of modesty and restraint:
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In warm and hot countries, houses with a pitched roof are especially popular: you do not need any insulation from the inside, the design always looks original, and in terms of costs, such a roof is much cheaper. So the northern countries began to adopt this useful fashion.
For example, not so long ago, a new type of residential building was created in Norway - a high-tech one with a sloping roof of 19 °. It generates energy itself, thanks to solar panels on the roof: the atrium has enough thermal mass to accumulate enough heat in a day and give it away all night. And not only give, but also provide the whole house with electricity.
And for water heating of walls and floors, rainwater heated by the sun is used, which flows down the pitched roof directly into the drain. With a conventional gable or hip roof, none of this would have been possible!
Is it worth it to make a "one-run" for a residential building?
Until recently, pitched roofs could not be called popular in Russia. It so happened historical that due to the winds and heavy snows in this country, the most practical proved to be gable roofs, which were sharp in the more snowy regions, and gently sloping in more windy regions.
And purely visually, the indigenous population is used to seeing roofs on houses with a slope of at least 30-40 °, where there is a traditional attic for storing various things. And shed roofs carry such inconveniences:
- An obscure space at the upper Mauerlat. You don't use it under the attic, but the attic turns out to be unusual. Leaving it without an attic - then the entire geometry of the interior will seem broken and cause discomfort.
- On a gable roof, rainwater exerts twice as much pressure as on a gable. Why? It's simple: all the liquid that falls on it flows along one slope until it falls to the ground. And if you take and break this slope in half, with a "house", then now the water will split into two streams at the ridge. And this is half the number and the influx. This is why pitched roofs are problematic in terms of leaks, especially if the choice of roofing material is wrong.
- The pitched roof is one integral plane, and this is a real sail. That is why such roofs are the first to suffer in storms and strong winds.
- The need for a solid rafter system. The load here is always less distributed than that of a gable roof, and therefore the rafters will have to be made thicker and stronger.
- A complicated ventilation system, which is sometimes not given any attention at all, and then they are surprised at the short service life of such roofs.
- Another disadvantage of such a roof is that during heavy snowfalls it will have to be cleaned, otherwise a break in the roofing material and the building system may occur. And on ordinary days, on the contrary, the snow itself comes off such a roof, and not like an avalanche, but gradually.
- Unpopularity of experiments. Even more: neither the rich nor the poor want to risk their own investments in construction, and the designers completely fall into despair from any unusual roof.
Because of all these reasons, pitched roofs in our country in 99% of cases are found only in saunas, garages and summer cottages. Although, at the same time, in a region with little snow and not particularly windy, such a roof could bring many bonuses, including the same unusual stylish design.
Frame houses with a pitched roof are generally considered the most energy-efficient. This does not take into account the fact that the area of the southern wall in such a house will be the largest, and the northern wall - the smallest. Now see the difference with gable designs? Moreover, the north side itself is still being built without windows, and serves as one of the walls of the utility room: a boiler room, a boiler or a locker, where garden tools are stored. But the presence of an attic under the roof in private construction is already considered obsolete.
A pitched roof is remarkable in that it has:
- Simple construction. So simple that with a small private construction, they don't even make particularly accurate calculations for it. Here you do not need to adjust the slopes to each other, to achieve the identity of their weight and load on the walls. There is no need for complex support systems, which are often found in other types of roofs.
- High practicality. In addition to the main functions of the roof, it is also used as an open area for a variety of purposes at a minimum angle of inclination.
- Reliability. Due to its simplicity and unpretentiousness, such a roof is actually the most reliable among all the others.
And from the practical aspects, we will single out the following:
- The ability to arrange a house without an attic and the problems associated with it.
- The original geometry of the ceiling, which is used as a separate design element.
- Lack of a ridge and crevices under it.
- The ability to drain rainwater and snow from the roof only in one direction - where the slope is inclined. This is important if people are walking right in front of your house (like on the streets of a city) or you have laid out a beautiful garden and do not want to flood it in the rain.
And, of course, the simplicity of construction work:
Know-how: pitched roof combinations
There is one new architectural fashion: a gable roof, which consists of two gable roofs, but not connected in a ridge. And technologically, we are still talking about two separate pitched roofs, which are built according to all the rules. And in the middle, either a flat part or an open terrace is placed between the two halves of the house. An incredibly successful and functional solution, we note, which allows you to add more natural light to the house.
Houses with a pitched roof are recognized throughout the world as the most favorable in terms of energy savings. Which is not surprising, because the cube also takes the first place in this regard, but what then is such a house, if not a cube?
Now we will tell you a secret: it's all about compactness. Any structure is called compact if it has as little as possible the area of all external surfaces. So, a house is sometimes built according to rather intricate projects, when almost every room has three outer walls, plus an even complex roof. And sometimes it happens that the rooms have only one such wall, and the roof is generally pitched.
What's the point? The fewer external surfaces that come into contact with the cold outside air, the warmer the house itself will be. This is why compactness is so important in construction!
In this design, everything is simple: single-pitched roofs are built according to the same patterns, but they are based on two parallel Mauerlat-girders. And the main plus is that such an unstretched structure does not "push apart" the walls of the house with its pressure, which means that there are much fewer strength requirements for the frame structure itself. True, such a house should have at least two internal walls.
And in modern architecture, a new style has appeared relatively recently: roofs combined into a single whole, which have a slope in different directions.
Modern frame house: from foundation to roof
A frame house with a pitched roof is a structure made of lumber and fixed wood panels. The very frame of such a house must be built either from metal or from a bar of hard rocks. It is solid, while the rafters on the roof should be done just from conifers. Let's explain now.
The fact is that hardwoods tend to keep a geometric shape and do not change over time: do not dry out, do not sit down, do not twist. And, of course, they do not work well for bending due to such properties. But conifers are just good because they perfectly cope with dynamic loads, which is why the walls are made static and durable, and the rafters are more flexible and withstand both the shrinkage of the house and a slight deflection due to snow.
Although wonderful houses are obtained on a metal frame:
Foundation device for a frame house
For a small one-story house, the easiest way is to make a columnar foundation. But, if you are building a solid two-story frame house with a pitched roof, the technology will be a little different.
The fact is that a simple columnar foundation will no longer work here. A frame house tolerates seasonal ground movements, subsidence of the earth or other similar problems worse than any other, and therefore experienced builders advise making a slab foundation for it. This takes all the dynamic loads on itself, and the integrity of the frame is preserved.
Therefore, for a two-story house, make just such a foundation:
Or a more modern insulated Swedish plate:
Wall frame construction technologies
In total, there are two main frame construction technologies.
Frame-panel technology
In this case, a frame house is built from different individual building materials: beams, cladding, insulation, interior decoration, steam and waterproofing. All this is attached to the frame in its own sequence, and as a result we have a house that is not worse in quality than a construction from a bar.
Here is a good example of construction using this technology:
And the main components of a house built using this technology look like this:
Frame-panel technology
For the assembly of such houses, a detailed project is initially made, according to which shields of the required size are manufactured already in the factory. We are talking about multi-layer panels, which already initially include internal cladding, insulation and all types of insulation. All you need to do is fix these shields to the frame of the house, which generally takes only two days. As a result, the entire house, from design to roof arrangement, is built in just a week.
So, insulated SIP panels are most popular in frame-panel technology. SIP is a wall panel designed to carry longitudinal loads. A frame house based on Canadian technology, which precisely provides for the use of SIP, turns out to be especially warm and holistic.
And when building a frame house from such a material, the following question arises: should the roof be made of the same material, or is it traditional? With beams, rafters and battens? The fact is that the length of the overlap decides everything here.
So, with small spans, up to 5-6 meters, the pitched roof of a frame house may well be SIP. It will be already insulated, durable and easy to perform. Moreover, SIP has good bending strength. But for large spans, it is better to build traditional floors and reinforced rafters. After all, it is not possible to make a complex roof from SIP, but just a pitched roof is quite easy:
It is only important to know how to properly connect the floor beams to such walls:
The device of a shed roof on a frame house
A pitched roof in the design world is also called a monoskat roof. Modern architects see a house with such a roof somehow differently than a lean-to or hip-roofed one: lighter, more airy and stylish.
A pitched roof behaves remarkably where spans are from 6 to 8 meters. Usually the slope of the slope is made to the north, and large windows are equipped in the southern facades. Often, external insulation of such a roof is practiced: on top of extruded polystyrene foam, which is filled with a cement screed, and on top of it - a roofing carpet.
What is also good, the drainage system in such a roof is simplified and is needed only on one side, and not on two or four at once. But this is not necessary: on a south-facing slope, solar collectors are often equipped abroad.
Step 1. Design
A single-pitched roof of any format always differs from a gable roof in that here the rafters are not connected in the ridge, but are attached to the walls of the building with both ends. Those. there is no skate at all. The only exception is the girder, on which the layered rafters are attached, but in height it never exceeds the level of the entire ramp.
If you are building using frame-panel technology, then the easiest way for you is to create a difference in the walls:
But if you use vulture panels or the walls are already made of the same height, then you will have to make trusses.
Sloped rafters in a pitched roof are made when the building has an internal strong partition. After all, the longer the rafter leg, the more there is a danger of its bending or eversion. Therefore, if there is an opportunity to support such rafters, you need to use it.
In this case, a purlin is attached to the load-bearing partition:
Now we are making the rafters two times shorter - so that each of them rests on the wall with one end, and on the girder with the other. And be sure to check the angle of inclination of such rafters with a laser level - it must completely match. And outwardly, such a roof will not differ from simpler pitched roofs.
But in general, layered rafters of a pitched roof can be in all these options:
Although layered rafters in a single-pitched roof of a frame house can be generally non-thrustable:
Hanging rafters are good because they can be built right on the ground, in the form of ready-made trusses. After all, their main difference from the layered ones is that the load is now transferred to the rafter triangle itself, and not to the walls of the building. And this is quite reasonable, because most often pitched roofs are arranged just on small buildings, such as a bathhouse, a garage or a change house. And the walls of those usually do not please with a special fortress.
So decide: if your building does not differ in the monumentality of the walls, make hanging rafters, and if it is more or less strong and there are inner walls, then layered ones. The choice is pretty simple!
Step 2. Cutout for Mauerlat
Have you decided? Then specify the future angle of inclination of such a roof and make a template for the rafters:
And the cut itself must be made in order to support the rafters of the pitched roof on the Mauerlat. The main task of the Mauerlat is to compensate for the horizontal unevenness of the walls. That is why when laying it, be sure to arm yourself with a building level.
Step 3. Making rafters
For this task you will need the following fasteners:
And how complex your rafters will be, depends on what load is planned on them. The higher, the rafters should be more reinforced from the inside:
Step 4. Calculation of the lathing
Once you've secured the rafters, move on to the sheathing. The smaller the slope of the pitched roof, the more often the lathing should be (up to solid):
Step 5. Roofing
For a slight roof slope, use soft shingles, which are generally most common on frame houses:
And on steeper slopes - whatever your heart desires, just calculate in advance the weight of the roof covering for the whole house and foundation:
It remains only to lay the selected roofing and organize the weir. Which, fortunately, in a pitched roof is done only on one side:
Step 6. Glazing
Recently, a new squeak of fashion has appeared in frame construction: cleanliness, laconicism and a lot of glass surfaces. What is most easily achieved precisely by frame technology, for which the presence of a single-pitched roof instead of massive and awkward multi-pitched roofs is a real outlet:
According to modern architects, the easiest way to bring more light and lightness into a frame house is to make transparent inserts in the roof or even some part of it to be light-transmitting. For example, over a covered veranda or part above the attic. Moreover, in fact, we are not talking about glass at all, but just about modern roofing polycarbonate, which is more often used monolithic or corrugated. There is a separate article on this on our website, but here we will only note some technical points.
When choosing the thickness of the polycarbonate that you are going to use for the roof construction, calculate in advance the climatic and static loads. You've probably seen a photo where the roofs of beautiful durable greenhouses are completely broken in the spring? And all because when buying, the owners decided to save on quality, not calculating, such tons of snow fall in the harsh Russian winters. You wouldn't want something like this to happen to the roof of your house, would you? After all, replacing the top of an ordinary greenhouse will not be difficult, but replacing the roof of a house is a real problem.
It is necessary to fasten the profiled polycarbonate sheets to the roof using the same fastening that is used for the metal profile. These are self-tapping and self-drilling screws of the STSD type. The sheets themselves are fastened together with special profiles, which are equipped with EPDM rubber seals. All this is necessary so that such a beautiful roof does not leak. There is also a special connecting aluminum profile on sale - for P-6066 polycarbonate. It consists of a special clamping strip and a seal, but it already needs to be fixed with self-tapping screws directly to the pipe or crate.
In addition, if you have residues of polycarbonate (after all, the sheets are standard), use it for glazing utility rooms:
And the excess from another roofing does not apply like that.
A house with a pitched roof, built using frame technology, with a competent approach, will be the most modern and stylish!
DIY frame house with a pitched roof: step-by-step instruction
A detailed analysis of the construction technology of a modern frame house with a lean-to roof: step-by-step illustrations and the latest video instructions.
When building a country house, some are trying to save money, while others are trying to make a dream project for a getaway from the bustle of the city. A pitched roof is suitable to meet the needs of both groups. At the same time, even trying to build a house for little money, such a structure will look attractive. And the saved money and time are redistributed to the arrangement and finishing of the building. In this article, we will consider the main advantages and disadvantages of pitched roofs. And also we will analyze some projects for a summer cottage.
In the middle and northern latitudes, historically, gable roof frames have been more popular. They coped better with the large amount of rainfall in the winter, and withstood strong winds. Therefore, people are accustomed to such projects, if the slope of the structure is less than 30-40 °, it seems that it will not withstand the load. In addition, for many, the soul is closely connected with dusty attics, littered with old rubbish.
This is not the case in lean-to roofs, so the following disadvantages stand out:
- If you make a classic ceiling, an unpractical attic space remains. Otherwise, out of habit, the room will seem uncomfortable.
- Increased load on the slope, it collects all precipitation. If designed and constructed incorrectly, such a load can leak.
- If you make a mistake in the choice of the rafter system, the angle of inclination, difficulties may arise with the winds.
- For long-term operation of the mono-roof, you have to think about creating additional ventilation. If this is not done, wood beams will begin to damp and lose strength.
- Heavy snowfalls force people to climb onto the roof and clear it of snowdrifts.
- Due to the low popularity of such roofs, it may be difficult to sell the property in the future. Much depends on your skill, though, as the unusualness of the project will add value.
Many pitched roof cottages are built for summer use only. If your site is located in southern latitudes and there is not a lot of precipitation, then this design is most beneficial.
Among the advantages of the design, the following points are distinguished:
- A house without an attic can and will hurt the bonds of the soul, but it will also help to avoid the problems associated with it. For example, you will not need to carry out regular disinfection from rodents.
- With the small dimensions of the country house, accurate calculations of the rafter frame are not required.
- If the frame is strong enough, it becomes possible to equip a rooftop recreation area.
- Modern materials and technologies make this design the most reliable among competitors.
- The unevenness of the ceiling inside the house is used for design purposes.
- There is no ridge, so leaks and wind blowing can be avoided.
- The ability is directed to deflect melted snow and rain. The area in front of the house will not be flooded with water, thus avoiding dirt.
The points described make the project attractive and profitable in the long term.
Examples of country houses with a pitched roof
Consider three different projects, from the most affordable to the most expensive. For each of them there is a corresponding image to help represent the features of the building.
Economical construction
The project will require a minimum amount of investment and a small area of land. Such houses are also called Finnish, they look simple, but they are built reliably and practically.
Usually, when building such garden houses, the frame-panel method is used. In advance, the main parts of the building are manufactured at the plant, in accordance with the project. Shields consist of a multi-layer panel, insulation and other necessary layers are built inside. An experienced team will need 1-2 working days to assemble the walls and install the case on the foundation.
Shed roof costs are reduced by saving material. Beams are installed on opposite walls of different heights. It can be mounted together, without much experience, in a couple of days.
The construction of a classic gable structure requires at least a week. Material and labor costs are rising.
Average price range
You can invest in a project as much as in the construction of an ordinary residential cottage. Then a unique house with a multilevel pitched roof will appear at the dacha.
Please note that the essence of the rafter system for such a structure has remained unchanged. This means that all the benefits described in the first section can be attributed to the project under discussion. It is still a simple, easily erected structure, there is no attic, and the difference in height is used as an additional light source. If desired, a similar idea can be implemented in a one-story country house.
Elite projects
It will take a lot of money to build such a house. However, the value of a building for sale will only increase over time. A distinctive feature is the presence of a seating area on the roof. Implementing a similar idea with a hip, hip or gable structure is problematic.
For large spans, it is more advisable to use metal rafters. Although their price is higher and delivery is difficult, they can withstand heavy loads.
When considering building a garden house, consider a project with a pitched roof. This will save you money and make your stay more enjoyable. The main thing is to follow the construction technology, then the building will stand for decades and will not require investment in major repairs.
In European open spaces (especially in Germany), houses with a pitched roof are quite popular, while in our country this option is considered more acceptable for outbuildings. The system with a slight slope is structurally simple.
Advantages and disadvantages
The fashion for flat roofs appeared in the middle of the last century and became an expression of the desire for simplicity and functionality. Lack of pretentiousness, elegance and style are one of the advantages. Other positive features are also characteristic:
- Saving wood during the construction of the rafter system, as well as roofing material.
- Ease of installation - this procedure does not require specific calculations, additional supporting units (as for the multi-slope version).
- Low windage. Ideal for regions with strong winds.
- Simplicity of arrangement of gutters.
- Convenience of carrying out repair and maintenance work.
- Possibility of creating a full-fledged two-story house. The equipped attic will have high walls and large windows.
A single slope roof provides ample design space. If it is completely flat, an observation deck, a gazebo, a summer garden, and a place for sunbathing will be equipped on it. The idea of installing solar panels and collectors for heating water is very productive. On the front side of the building on the slope, it is appropriate to install a large window: it not only serves as a source of daylight, but also visually makes the room more spacious.
- problems with the maintenance of the low attic (if provided by the developers);
- the need for regular cleaning of the roof from snow and ice in winter and spring, constant monitoring of structural elements and timely elimination of defects;
- high requirements for equipment for hydro and thermal insulation;
- not too presentable look.
If you want to make the cottage more attractive, you need to add decorative architectural elements to the project, pay attention to the colors of the exterior finish. For the same purpose, as well as for the manufacture of an absolutely sealed system, you should buy high-quality materials and entrust the installation work to specialists.
Private house options
Shed roofs are used not only for a small summer cottage, but also for high-tech buildings, large cottages, multi-storey buildings.
Since the snow load will be greater than in the presence of several slopes, it is important to accurately calculate the angle of inclination and the cross-section of the supporting elements - otherwise the structure will simply collapse under a multi-ton mass of snow. This is especially true of a large house designed for the northern region.
When choosing a project, pay attention to the fact that all buildings with a pitched roof are divided into two large groups:
- with an attic - on the upper floor there is a straight ceiling, due to the air gap in the attic space, thermal insulation is improved, only care is problematic;
- without an attic - the roof plays the role of an overlap, which is why the ceiling of the upper floor turns out to be sloped.
Descriptions of popular construction options:
1. One-story.
- The features of the dacha are as follows: modest size and rectangular shape, light rafter system, small windows. Finnish houses with an area of no more than 30 m2 meet the above criteria. The buildings are simple in design, but at the same time they are reliable and practical. They are usually built using frame-panel technology. The main units are prefabricated at the factory from sandwich panels and adjusted to size. A pitched roof is designed by determining the difference in height between opposite walls. On the garden plot, the assembly is carried out in a couple of days. The same amount will be needed for the installation of the roof.
- One-storey house in the middle price range. If you invest in the project the same funds as in the construction of a standard residential cottage (up to 100 m2), you can create an original structure with a multi-level shed roof. The rafter system remains just as simple and affordable in terms of construction, the attic is also missing. In the interval between the levels, window frames are inserted, obtaining an additional light source.
2. Two-story.
The project is chosen depending on the number of residents, budget, style of construction. It could be a minimalist wooden cottage with an attic. The upper floor has a different level of heights - where it drops to a minimum, they equip a pantry. The second option is to place the bedrooms on the second tier and install the beds with their headboards towards the lowering of the ceiling.
A house with a pitched roof, consisting of two floors, is built from aerated concrete blocks, making floors from reinforced concrete slabs, and the foundation from powerful monolithic reinforced concrete. To diversify the finish, they combine brick and tile finishes with wood imitation. On the ground floor there is a dining room, kitchen, hall, toilet, garage. Bedrooms are arranged in the upper part, a balcony is attached to the side.
3. High-tech cottage.
The foundation is a one-piece reinforced concrete slab, the walls are made of aerated concrete. A flat or pitched roof can be made of concrete, protected with a waterproofing film, and then laid with mineral wool insulation. The top is covered with roll material.
The house with an area of about 100 m2, built in high-tech style, consists of a bedroom, a kitchen-dining room and a living room combined with it. From the latter, there is an exit to the summer veranda: these rooms are separated by a sliding glass door that expands the space. There is space for a fireplace and a garage.
High-tech houses are characterized by the use of glass and metal as decoration. The design is carried out taking into account these features: large windows, metal gutters, steel shutters, glazed doors, transparent partitions. Even a roof can be made of glass.
In addition to glass and metal decor, elements of wood and textured plaster are used. Next to the modern building, there is a tiled recreation area and a swimming pool.
For a long time, houses with a pitched roof were not popular in our latitudes. It was believed that such a roof was used when it was necessary to build simply, quickly and cheaply. But today, architects around the world have proven that a pitched roof is a reliable, comfortable and stylish design. Houses equipped with one slope are beneficial from the economic and practical point of view.
Advantages and disadvantages of houses with pitched roofs
Shed roofs have many advantages:
- Simplicity of the device. For narrow houses (less than 6.0 m wide), only two roof beam supports are sufficient - at the beginning and at the end. For wide houses (over 6.0 m wide) intermediate supports are required. But in this case, it is not necessary to be tied to the symmetry and centricity of the supporting structures. For large spans, a composite beam can be used and overlap spaces of more than 6.0 m. In addition, a single-pitched roof does not need a complex rafter system.
- Profitability. The simplicity of the supporting structure reduces labor and material costs.
- Ease of use. Such a roof is easy to maintain, easier to repair, because it has one inclined surface and, as a rule, with a slight angle.
- Simplified descent of natural sediments, since it occurs only on one side. And all the auxiliary devices are needed only for one slope: an external gutter, snow holders, etc.
- The ability to create excellent lighting of the second (attic) floor from three sides, without resorting to expensive and difficult to install roof windows.
To create an attic under a pitched roof, you do not need to install complex dormer windows
But there are also disadvantages.
- Designing a shed roof with a cold attic is possible, but inconvenient to operate. The small roof space makes it difficult to maintain the roof and attic.
- Large spans lead to an increase in the load on the beam. And, as a result, it increases its cross section.
- So that a house with a pitched roof does not turn out to be boring, a thorough study of the architectural image of the future building and high-quality roofing materials with good physical and aesthetic properties are necessary.
Photo gallery: diagrams of supporting beams of a pitched roof
A composite beam in a lean-to house covers a span of more than 6 meters, resting at two points 
A beam in a lean-to house can cover a span of more than 6 meters, leaning on three or more supports 
For a span of less than 6 meters, it is enough to support the roof beam at two points
Typology of houses with a pitched roof
Houses with a pitched roof are divided into two types according to the number of individual roofs:
- with one roof;
- with two or more roofs.
And into two types in terms of number of storeys:
- one-story;
- two-story.
In this case, one-story houses include houses on the same level without a basement and an attic. For two-storey houses - houses with two floors, as well as with a basement, an attic as a second floor or an additional level to a full two floors.
With one pitched roof, you can design both one-story and two-story houses. Features of the architectural solution of a one-story building are in the location in the high part of the house of a common room with a double-height space and the device of the main facade.
In the high part of the house, you can add a mezzanine
For two-story houses, the opposite applies. Here, the highest part of the building is used for the second level, and the lowest part is used for the two-height space of the common room on the first floor.
The attic is located in the high part of the building, and under the slope of the roof there is a room with a second light
The variety of architectural forms of buildings with pitched roofs is enormous. These are ordinary houses with one simple roof, buildings with roofs to the ground, design houses with a visual flow of one structure into another, a diagonal slope of the roof, overlapping a house with two or more independent roofs, visual division of a building into functional zones, and much more.
Photo gallery: options for architectural solutions of houses with a pitched roof
The volume is covered with one simple roof, the common room can be located in the high part and is equipped with a second light 
The roof slope connecting to the ground is used to organize a place for cold storage of things, a car parking, a recreation area 
The slope that smoothly flows into the wall, foundation and other structures makes the architectural image of the house unusual and stylish 
Diagonal sloped roofing gives high angular light 
The option with several single-pitched roofs with different slopes is used when overlapping 2-3 floors of different areas 
Shed roofs with opposite slopes, separated by a third, make the two parts of the house independent at the level of the second floor 
Two pitched roofs at different levels visually divide the house into two volumes, emphasizing functional zoning
One-story houses
Among one-story buildings, you can most often find country houses or small-sized houses, since they are simple and quick to build. But thanks to the variety of finishing materials and the imagination of architects, one-story shed houses are also designed for year-round living.
Small houses often use large areas of glazing to visually expand the space and increase the flow of natural light.
In small houses, space ergonomics play a major role. The sleeping place is usually located on the mezzanine.
Small houses are designed immediately with built-in furniture
Photo gallery: examples of one-story houses
There is nothing superfluous in a small house with a pitched roof 
A large area of a house for year-round living can be divided into two volumes and covered with two pitched roofs 
The roof line continues on the wall and plinth, uniting the facade 
A mini-house is built in a couple of weeks and can be transported from place to place 
The floating house can be made in a single volume with a pitched roof 
Two roofs with a shift in height provide overhead lighting for a small house 
High-quality finishing materials and a large glazing area make a simple facade stylish 
An unconventional solution for a narrow building - the roof slope is designed along the house, and the load-bearing roof beams are perpendicular to it 
There is often a spacious terrace under the high part of the roof. 
A pitched roof forms an open shed for storing firewood 
The variety of the facade is achieved through broken lines
Two-storey houses with a pitched roof
The architecture of two-story houses with a pitched roof is infinitely varied. The capacious volume of such buildings allows for year-round living in them. These can be houses of both cottage type and townhouses (block houses) and even villas.
The device of one single-pitched roof, uniting the volume of the building, makes the image complete. And the presence of several roofs, covering parts of the house at different heights and in different directions, creates a dynamic and varied architecture.
Photo gallery: examples of two-story houses with a pitched roof
The whole house can be located under one roof with a steep slope 
The building can be visually divided into several volumes, each of which is covered with a separate pitched roof 
A pitched roof with slopes often combines the curved facade of the building. 
Thanks to one roof, the volume of the house is perceived as complete 
A large number of lamps makes the house bright and unusual. 
One roof sometimes covers a two-storey building, the other one is one-storey
Frame houses
Frame houses with a pitched roof can look exactly the same as buildings from any other structures, thanks to finishing materials: plaster, stone, artificial stone, blockhouse. A feature of such houses is the more frequent arrangement of racks in the walls bearing the roof. Their step is no more than 70 cm.The frame is filled with a three-layer structure with a heater in the middle, which can immediately have a finishing finish, but more often it is a rough version of drywall indoors and OSB slabs outside. To speed up the process of assembling a frame house, ready-made three-layer structures are used - SIP panels.
SIP (SIP) - structural insulating panel. It is used to fill the frame of buildings as wall and roof cladding structures. Consists of two outer layers - OSB sheets and a middle layer - insulation. The panels are connected with a wooden beam.
SIP panels are connected by wooden beams
Stained-glass glazing can be used as the filling of the frame. This non-standard option will add lightness and airiness to the architectural image of the house, but will increase heat loss. And it is difficult to care for such a facade.
First, the frame is erected, then it is sheathed and insulated
Photo gallery: examples of frame houses
A simple suburban frame house has a small porch under a single roof 
The combination of wood and stone finishes, imitating real masonry, draws attention to the facade 
Fully glazed façade gives a sense of free space 
Stained-glass glazing alternates with a three-layer construction with insulation and subsequent wood finishing 
A roof with a slight slope sometimes looks almost flat 
The frame of the house is sometimes built from metal or timber.
Houses from a bar
Houses from a bar with a pitched roof are very warm and reliable. Thanks to the same material of the supporting structures of the walls and roof, such buildings are strong and environmentally friendly. Roof beams are often made with a large cross-section, which increases the strength of the structure and adds expressiveness to the interior. Such a roof can withstand a snow cap in winter, which will be a natural insulation.
Photo gallery: examples of houses from a bar
Powerful roof beams, which cover the entire house in width, organize a canopy from the courtyard facade 
The architectural image conveys its strength, reliability and warmth due to the choice of timber as a building material, thickened roof and small windows 
Stylish facade in a modern style is combined with environmental friendliness of natural building materials
Finnish houses
Finnish homes are designed for cold and snowy climates. Therefore, their feature is a rectangular or square layout, which helps to reduce heat loss, and a single-pitched flat roof can withstand significant snow loads. Large windows tend to be oriented south to capture more heat. There are houses with two roofs - in this case, utility rooms are located in the lower part. You can find buildings with a roof to the ground - under it cold household premises are organized, protected from atmospheric precipitation. Such a canopy is arranged on the leeward side of the house in order to protect the wall from blowing.
Photo gallery: examples of Finnish houses with a pitched roof
A small number of windows keep warmth, and their location is designed for maximum exposure to sunlight 
A blank wall at the bottom protects the house from freezing, and the overhead lighting catches the sun's rays 
Under a canopy formed by a pitched roof, you can arrange a cold utility room 
Upper and lower terraces decorate the facade of the house 
A pitched roof with supports on beams forms a canopy for the terraces on the right and left of the house
American style houses
American style houses have a large pillared terrace in front of the house. It can be double-height to the top of the roof, or it can be highlighted with a separate pitched roof. But the main facade of the house is always very elegant. The roof angle is small, which reduces wind loads. American-style houses are less brutal and more airy than Finnish ones, because "American style" does not imply the need to withstand heavy snow loads and keep warm in severe frosts.
Photo gallery: examples of American style houses with a pitched roof
The green-coated shed roof accentuates the naturalness of the building 
The second roof acts as a veranda canopy 
The glazed terrace always looks impressive 
Each room can have sliding doors to the veranda that surrounds the façade
Video: an overview of American-style house projects
Corner houses
Corner houses are houses in which one of the corners takes on the role of the main facade. It is distinguished by layout, glazing or an unusual roof. For example, the location of the roof slope diagonally. This technique is typical for small houses or part of a building, since the diagonal arrangement of roof beams requires a large span to be covered.
The entrance from the corner allows you to make the entrance group as small as possible, but sufficient for comfortable operation of the porch. The absence of a corner (the layout of the house with the letter "G") creates a chamber, cozy space for relaxation in the courtyard, protected on both sides by the walls of the building. The angular arrangement of the veranda and / or terrace, in fact, is also an "L-shaped" layout of the house with covered summer rooms that unite the architectural image of the building.
Photo gallery: examples of corner houses with a pitched roof
The entrance from the corner makes the design of the house unusual and individual 
A curved pitched roof covers the house, tending to a triangle in plan 
One of the corners of the house is replaced by a cozy terrace, protected on both sides by walls 
An accent on the open corner of the house is added by a roof located at a diagonal slope.
Houses with two or more pitched roofs
Houses with a single pitched roof have many advantages, but they are all very compact. To build a large house with a complex layout and cover it with a pitched roof, you can use your own roof for each volume. This technique will visually emphasize individual parts of the building and make the architecture of the house more expressive and varied. Roofs can be designed with different heights. Thus, there is no need to heat and maintain areas that are not needed. Two or more pitched roofs in one building are often designed for two-story houses.
Photo gallery: examples of houses with two or more pitched roofs
Three roofs are located at different heights and with a slope in different overlays, one of them forms a carport 
In the middle there is a staircase that leads to two independent parts of the house at the level of the second floor 
An unusual glass ramp divides the second floor in two 
The house consists of two parts with glass facades, each of which is covered with a pitched grass roof 
Single roofs give the facade of the house conciseness and severity. 
Additional pitched roof forms a canopy over the bay window 
Several roofs of an unusual curved shape form an architectural ensemble
A pitched roof is a stylish, simple and convenient architectural and constructive technique in the design of individual residential buildings. Such roofs are used on one- and two-story houses, they have different configurations and slopes. By choosing a project with the desired characteristics, you can build a functional comfortable dwelling under the roof with one slope.
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Usually private cottages are built with gable roofs, but houses with are much less common. According to domestic experts, the reason for this preference is the traditions in housing construction, which have developed over more than a dozen years. In addition, projects for the development of suburban settlements usually do not offer options for houses with pitched roofs. This trend does not indicate that single-pitched roofs have only drawbacks, on the contrary, residential buildings with such a roof structure stand out against the background of similar buildings and their construction is cheaper by reducing the cost of creating a rafter system.
Advantages of houses with pitched roofs
The project of a house with a pitched roof is in great demand in many European countries, especially Scandinavian ones, whose climate is similar to Russian weather conditions, thanks to a number of advantages, including:
Design options
The design of a residential building must be entrusted to a specialist, since he has at his disposal professional programs, and he will calculate the parameters of the rafter structure.
There are many options for what a project of a house with a pitched roof might look like, among them it should be highlighted:
- a building with a small attic space with a straight ceiling on the top floor. In this case, the thermal insulation of the roof is improved. True, it is more difficult to do a preventive inspection of the roof, as well as to maintain it, but the situation will be improved by increasing the height of the attic;
- a building without an attic space, when the roof simultaneously serves as a ceiling. In this case, the ceiling in the room on the last floor will be uneven, and with an angle equal to the slope of the slope.
Small one-story houses with a pitched roof, as in the photo, are the simplest option, they are most often designed in a rectangular shape, the roof is made based on the difference in heights of opposite walls. Roofs with one slope are considered the best solution for summer cottages or for houses in nature. Large windows are inappropriate in this case, the design of the building is the simplest, and the construction cost is relatively low.
Sometimes projects plan to build country cottages with complex roofs with several slopes, which makes the cost of their construction much more expensive.
Example No. 1 ... The project provides for the presence of 5 bedrooms and a standard room layout. There is no garage. Since there will be no attic, the second floor is tilted. The material for the walls is aerated concrete, reinforced concrete slabs are used for overlapping, and a monolithic reinforced concrete slab is used for the foundation. To perform the cladding, tiles or bricks are used. A combination of different materials with a different texture and color looks great. For example, it can be brick and natural wood inserts. As for the furnishings of the rooms on the uppermost floor, then usually in the part where the ceiling has the smallest height (it cannot be less than 150 centimeters), the headboards of the sleeping places are located.
There is also a garage for two cars, a large balcony on the second floor (it is used in the warm season, if desired, landscaped). On the ground floor there is a small entrance hall, hall, kitchen, dining room, living room, office. There is also a toilet, a boiler room and an entrance to the garage, provided as well. On the upper floor there is a hall, 3 bedrooms, wardrobe / storage room, 2 bathrooms. There is no basement floor.