A sharp increase in the external magnetic field - for example, with a magnetic boray - adversely affects well-being. But much worse, as the tests show, chronic magnetic field deficit.
For the first time, this syndrome was investigated by the Japanese scientist Nakagawa. Its main manifestations are weakness, fatigue, reduced performance, sleep disorders, headaches, pain in and spine, pathology of the cardiovascular system, hypertension, digestive disorders, gynecological dysfunctions, etc.
So, in the first after returning to the ground, osteoporosis was discovered. As soon as artificial magnetic fields began to use the spacecraft, then such phenomena almost disappeared.
MUST HISTORY
Magnets for therapeutic purposes were used in China in the twentieth century BC. Avicenna treated the magnet of the disease of the liver and spleen. Paracels used magnets during bleeding and fractures. It is said that a magnetic bracelet was worn to preserve the youth. Also, the magnetic therapy was used by the Personal Physician of Queen Elizabeth I William Gilbert and the famous 18th century doctor Franz Memer for the treatment of chronic pain, colic, gout, mental disorders.
Modern approach
In Russia, magnetotherapeutic treatment methods are recognized as medical. Magnetotherapy Today is the area of \u200b\u200bmedicine that uses the effect of a magnetic field for treating diseases. In medical institutions there are many devices with magnetic properties. Depending on the purposes and objectives of a person in medicinal purposes, various magnetic fields are affected: constant, variables, pulsating rotating.
Spectrum of application
The magnetic field affects braking processes in the spine and brain. Headache and depression pass, the flow of oxygen to the tissues, the functioning of all organs is improved.
The most sensitive to the magnetic field blood, nervous and endocrine systems, heart and vessels. Magnetoterpapia improves vessel elasticity, increases blood flow rate and expands the capillary system. Normalization of sleep and well-being overall.
With the help of magnetotherapy, diseases of the musculoskeletal system (in particular, arthritis) are treated. There is a faster relief of inflammatory and pain syndrome, a decrease in edema, restoration of mobility. This method can be applied and. Magnetotherapy is actively used for wound healing. It also helps with migraines, headaches, quick fatigue, depression.
Mass Market
Magnetic jewelry combines beauty and health. It has a permanent therapeutic effect on the body as a whole.
On the human body there are areas where the effect of magnets is most effectively - this is the wrist, neck, feet.
Structured water charged with magnets also uses popularity. She is publishes the body, removes toxins ,. It can be prepared independently with a magnetic stick.
Contraindications
Magnets can cause negative reactions in the body. Follow your well-mindedness and be sure to advise yourself with your doctor, especially since the treatment of magnets is not suitable for everyone. After all, every person has an organism individual.
MKOU "Lobanovskaya Main Communication School"Magnetic field of land and
his influence on living organisms
Fulfilled student grade 9
MKOU "Lobanovskaya Oosh"
Katay district
Bokova Natalia.
Leader: Borovinsky I.A.
physics teacher
Introduction ............................................................................3
I. Magnetic field of the Earth
1. Features of the magnetic field of the Earth ................................. ..4
2. By changing the magnetic field of the Earth .................................... ... 6
1. The effect of the magnetic field on plants and animals ...........................................................................
2. Magnetism and man ......................................................... 9
3. Study of the dependence of people of different age groups from the influence of magnetic storms ..................................................................
Conclusion ........................................................................ .13
Literature ........................................................................ ..14
Introduction
Throughout billion years, the natural magnetic field of the Earth, being a primary periodic environmental factor, constantly affected by the state of ecosystems. In the course of evolutionary development, the structural and functional organization of ecosystems adapted to the natural background. Some deviations are observed only during periods of solar activity, when under the influence of a powerful corpuscular flow, the Earth's magnetic field is experiencing short-term sharp changes in its basic characteristics. This phenomenon that received the name of magnetic storms is adversely reflected in the state of all ecosystems, including the human body.
Thus, the purpose of this project is to introduce a magnetic field of the Earth and its influence on living organisms.
To achieve the goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:
1. To explore the literature on this topic;
2. To acquaint with the peculiarities of the magnetic field of the Earth;
3. To study the effect of the magnetic field on the body;
5. Test students;
6. Create diagrams;
7. Prepare a presentation, theses and conclude.
To implement these tasks, using the following methods:
study of literature;
analysis;
comparison;
generalization;
testing students;
creating diagrams
1. Features of the magnetic field of the Earth
The amazing magnet ability to attract iron was known in ancient times. The property of the magnet indicate the south and the north was open later. The ability of magnetized items to be located in a certain direction was known to the Chinese several millennia ago. For the first time, the assumption of the presence of a magnetic field of the Earth, which causes such a behavior of the magnetized objects, expressed the English doctor and Naturofilosopher William Gilbert (English William Gilbert) in 1600 in his book "De Magne". The observations of the English astronomer Henry Gellibrand (Eng. Henry Gellibrand) showed that the geomagnetic field is not constantly, and slowly changes. Jose De Akost (one of the founders of Geophysics, according to Humbolt) in history (1590), for the first time, a theory of four lines without magnetic declination appeared (it described the use of the compass, the angle of deviation, the differences between the magnetic and the north pole; although the deviations were known yet in The XV century, he described the oscillation of deviations from one point to another; it identified the place with zero deflection: for example, on the Azores). Karl Gauss (him. Carl Friedrich Gauß) put forward the theory about the origin of the magnetic field of the Earth and in 1839 proved that its main part comes out of the ground, and the reason for small, short deviations of its values \u200b\u200bmust be sought in the external environment.
In 1600, the English scientist William Hilbert in his book "On Magnifies, magnetic bodies and a large magnet-land." I presented the land as a gigantic permanent magnet, the axis of which does not coincide with the axis of rotation of the Earth (the angle between these axes is called magnetic decline).
Helbert confirmed his assumption on the experience: he pulled out a large ball from a natural magnet and, approaching the magnetic arrow to the surface, showed that it is always installed in the same way as the compass arrow on the 350. A graphically magnetic field of the earth is similar to the magnetic field of a permanent magnet.
In 1702, E. Galli creates the first magnetic land cards.
The magnetic field is a type of matter that exists around moving electrically-processed particles of the substance and implements them interaction. It is created by moving electrical charges or a permanent electric field.
Permanent MP is created by a constant electrical current or substances that have the properties of permanent magnets.
Magnetic properties manifest themselves in everything that surrounds man, but in most bodies - is very small. Strong magnetic properties have minerals belonging to iron and titanium oxides (magnetite, hematite, titanoagnetite, titanohematitis) and have a special atomic crystal structure. Chemical elements with severe magnetic properties are called ferromagnet. These include iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys used for the manufacture of permanent magnets.
The main reason for the presence of a magnetic field of the Earth is that the land core consists of a hot iron (a good conductor of electric currents arising inside the Earth). The magnetic field of the Earth forms a magnetosphere that extends to 70-80 thousand km to the direction of the Sun. It shields the surface of the Earth, protects against the harmful effects of charged particles, high energies and cosmic rays, determines the nature of the weather. The magnetic field of the sun is 100 more than the earth.
Back in 1635, Hellibrand establishes that the magnetic field of the Earth changes. Later it was found that there are constant and short-term changes in the magnetic field of the Earth.
Changing the magnetic field of the Earth
The reason for constant changes is the presence of mineral deposits.
On Earth there are such territories where its own magnetic field is very distorted by the occurrence of iron ores. For example, Kursk magnetic anomaly located in the Kursk region.
The cause of short-term changes in the magnetic field of the Earth is the action of "solar wind", i.e. The effect of the flow of charged particles emitted by the sun. The magnetic field of this flow interacts with the magnetic field of the Earth, "magnetic storms" occur.
The frequency and force of magnetic storms affects solar activity.
During the maximum of solar activity (once every 11.5 years), such magnetic storms arise that radio communication is broken, and the arrows of the compasses begin to be unpredictable "dance".
The result of the interaction of charged particles of "solar wind" with the atmosphere of the Earth in northern latitudes is such a phenomenon as "polar shine".
II. Effect of magnetic field on living organisms
1. Effect of magnetic field on plants and animals
How does the magnetic field act on living organisms? Obviously, the susceptibility to the field of the Earth was demonstrated, for example, termites. Researchers note that insects are insects across magnetic power lines. We tried to shield the thermal gun from the magnetic field, the insects immediately lost their ability to navigate in the space, "settled" as it fell. A powerful magnet again leads "order". American Biologist Brown showed that mollusks, worms and even algae oriented in the earthly field. The German entomologist Becker watched the beetles, bees, and other insects prefer the direction of the north - south or the west. Birds and animals were magically sensitive. It is noted that the magnetic forces will slow down conditional and unconditional reflexes. How do living beings perceive invisible tension? Experimental with different animals, scientists found out: magnetic forces are perceived directly with the brain. Only after the damage to the hypothalamus, the conditional reflex on the field is dramatically violated. So, in the first moments of the magnetic field, it affects, first of all, on the functions of the central nervous system, but later its action also affects the work of other organs whose cells are also distinguished by a high level of metabolism. The lizard's head acted with a permanent magnet, and she came to a state, similar to what arises with general anesthesia. In the "Herald of Agricultural Science" (1974), the authors of the article report that under the action of a magnetic field of low frequency in the cows, the fat composition of milk is significantly improved. The permanent field of the magnet treats and warns mastitis. The field also improves blood pattern. Even the ratio of floors in the dress is possible due to the orientation of animals in the magnetic field of the Earth. Do not remain "indifferent" to the magnetic effects of the plant. Researchers A. Krylov and G. Tarakanova conducted experiments with seeds of corn and wheat. They wet them and put the seedlings along the geomagnetic field lines. South-oriented seeds, rooted earlier, roots and stems grew faster. Wheat, sowned by rows to the West-East, gives the best harvest than the same grade on the same land planted by Meridian. In short, and vegetable and animal world is not indifferent to the effects of magnetic forces. Mice with a long stay in the "non-magnetic medium" die faster, do not give offspring. The magnetic field of the Earth serves many living organisms for orientation in space. Some sea bacteria are located in the bottom ILE at a certain angle to the power lines of the Earth's magnetic field, which is explained by the presence of small ferromagnetic particles in them.
Flies and other insects "sit down" preferably in the direction across or along the magnetic lines of the magnetic field of the Earth. For example, termites are located on rest so that they turn out to be heads in one direction: in some groups - in parallel, in others - perpendicular
magnetic field lines.
The landmark for migratory birds also serves the magnetic field of the Earth. Recently, scientists have learned that the birds in the eye in the area there is a small magnetic "compass" - a tiny tissue field, in which magnetite crystals are located with the ability to magnify in the magnetic field. In short, and vegetable and animal world is not indifferent to the effects of magnetic forces. It is interesting to note that not only a person uses the power of earthly magnetism (for example, for navigation). There are some reason to believe that birds who surprise us with the ability to find the places in which they were once born and lived, also use these forces. Not so long ago, interesting experiments were held with postal pigeons, which, as you know, are distinguished by the ability to determine their permanent location. Five pigeons were taken away from the city in which they were. The birds released on the will, the birds immediately returned back. Then each pigeon under the wings was attached to a small magnet and repeated experience. It turned out that only one dove out of five returned home, and then after a long wander on the way. So, on our planet under the action of the magnetic forces of the Earth, the compass arrow is set in a certain direction. But it happens that the compass arrow suddenly begins to worry, sharply and suddenly shudder, throw from side to side. Such phenomena scientists are called magnetic storms. The magnetic field of the Earth has yet to study well, to fully figure out its influence on nature.
2. Magnetism and man
From time to time, powerful explosions occur to the Sun, as a result of which the flow of charged particles is thrown into the interplanetary space. When he after one - two days reaches the magnetic shell of our planet, then, interacting with it, causes her indignation. The magnetic field of the Earth begins to shrink, fluctuate - so the phenomenon derived the name "magnetic storm".
A young and healthy person of any storm will survive calmly and will not even notice her, but an elderly and patient - not always. According to the statistics of both the brain, in days when the magnetic storm happens, the number of heart attacks increases at three and a half times, the strokes - twice, attacks of angina - in one and a half.
The magnetic storm hits the most vulnerable places. In some, chronic diseases are sharpened, and others have a heart hurt, the third has a migraine, the fourth fall into depression. Especially poorly carry the magnetic storm cores, people with overweight and disorders of the vegetual-vascular system.
Currently it has been reliably that during magnetic storms, the degree of risk for persons subject to cardiovascular diseases is high. In the period of magnetic storms in people suffering from hypertension, the likelihood of crisis is high. In relation to patients with hypertension, the unfavorable biotropic effect of the end of the storm is marked. There is a point of view (Agulova L.P., 1996), according to which hypertensive crisis is a resonance. It occurs when a combination of high interfunctional synchronization and low adaptation reserve. Hypertensive crises arise in extreme points of highly integrated biological rhythms, more often - at the maximum. At these points, the body has the smallest stability. The occurrence of hypertensive crises (resonance) can be provoked both internal and external causes. Among the external reasons, a significant place belongs to geophysical and cosmic factors. Hypertensive crises arise mainly in patients with a robust profile of the brain asymmetry. The activity of the right hemispheres is closely related to the state of the diancephal structures, which are given a leading role in the mechanism of compensatory-adaptive reactions.
It was noted that in patients with coronary heart disease, angina chambers are observed 2 times more often in magnetic days, than in days with low magnetic activity.
In addition, in the same periods, the risk of developing myocardial infarction is increasing, and the course of the disease occurs much harder than in patients who have a myocardial infarction in a relatively calm geophysical setting. Increasing the number of myocardial infarction during magnetic storms according to Breus. (1992) is a consequence of violation of biological rhythms. It is also known that with adverse helicoophysical conditions, mortality from myocardial infarction is 2 times higher than quiet days. It was also found that the maximum number of sustainable deaths from myocardial infarction falls on the second day after geomagnetic perturbations.
3. Investigation of the dependence of people of different age groups from the influence of magnetic storms.
After studying this material, I had a desire to blame itself, as the magnetic phenomena on the well-being of people affect. I traced this pattern on the example of multi-year groups of people. 1 Group: 10-20 years, 2 Group: 20-40 years, 3 groups: 40-65 years. In front of them set a goal: to establish the degree of impact of magnetic storms on our performance and well-being and calculate the percentage of the number dependent on the number of respondents. Tracking we spent for 2 months.
A total of 18 people were interviewed. From the first group-10 people. From the second group of 3 people, from the third group of 4 people. To the question: whether the magnetic storms affect your well-being influenced, the following answers were obtained:
The results brought out the diagram.
The well-being was sometimes worse than the previously preceding or subsequent. The main complaints that expressed their health were: Headache, Weakness, Floor Pressure Drops. A large dependence of people 2 and 3 groups is due to age-related changes, weakening the protective function of the body. In addition, people who have magnetic protection were identified.
Thus, I checked that the effect of geomagnetic perturbations on the human body exists, but it is purely individually. In some magnetic storms cause a noticeable response, others have a good protection against magnetic attacks. As a result of the experiment, all participants learned about their dependence or not dependence on the influence of magnetic storms. For dependent, we conducted a consultation on how to help themselves in complex geomagnetic days. Recommended not to be exposed to extensive physical exertion, to take in advance the relevant medicines.
Conclusion
At the end of work, I confidently can say that I coped with the goal. I considered quite detail how magnetic forces affect living organisms, a person. As a result of its completion, I realized that magnetism is the science of the future, the numerous secrets keep it in themselves. Solve them - it means learn to live in harmony with nature, with the ground, with the universe. I hope that acquired knowledge will use me in the future life. In any case, the work on this project was exciting and cognitive. After all, according to Albert Einstein: "Joy to see and understand - there is the most beautiful gift of nature!"
Literature
1. Big Soviet Encyclopedia.
2. Coronovsky N. V. Magnetic field of geological past land. SOROSE EDUCATIONAL JOURNAL, N5, 1996, P.56-63
3. Koshkin N.I., Shirkevich M.G. Directory for elementary physics. - M.: Science, 1976.
4. Sivukhin D.V. General course of physics. - ed. 4th, stereotypical. - M.: Fizmatlit; Publishing house MFTI, 2004. - T. III. Electricity. - 656 p. - ISBN 5-9221-0227-3.; ISBN 5-89155-086-5.
5.physics. Translation from English edited by the professor of the Kamorodsky. Moscow. Science 1975
6. "Physical Fireworks" J. Walker. Translation from English edited by a candidate of physico-mathematical sciences I. Sh. Slobodetsky.
7. http://www.ionization.ru/issue/iss77.htm.
8. http://sgpi.ru/wiki/index.php.
1. Introduction.
2. The main part.
a) Earth is a big magnet.
b) Study history.
c) displacement of the magnetic poles of the Earth.
d) the structure of the magnetic field of the Earth.
e) field parameters.
E) Plasmosphere.
g) magnetic storms.
H) the effect of earth magnetism per person.
3. Conclusion.
4. Literature.
Introduction
You take a compass in your hands, pull the lever to yourself so that the magnetic arrow falls on the needle of the needles. When the arrow calms down, try to arrange it in a different direction. You do not get anything. No matter how much you deviate the arrow from her initial position, she, after calming down always on the end, will show north, others - south. What power makes the compass arrow stubbornly return to the original position? Everyone sets himself a similar question, looking at a slightly fluctuating, as if a lively, magnetic arrow.
Earth is a big magnet.
The amazing magnet ability to attract iron was known in ancient times. The property of the magnet indicate the south and the north was open later. Another Columbus, when sailed to America, discovered that the geographical meridian does not coincide with the magnetic, along which the compass arrow is installed. The angle between these two directions is called magnetic declination. Every place on Earth has its own angle of declination, and the shtorman of the ship or aircraft should have an accurate map of magnetic decline. This card is drawn up by compass testimony. It is known, for example, that in the district of Moscow, the decline angle is 7 ° to the east, and in Yakutsk - about 17 ° to the west. This means that the northern end of the compass arrow in Moscow is deflected by 7 ° to the right of the geographical meridian passing through Moscow, and in Yakutsk - at 17 ° to the left of the corresponding meridian. The magnetic axis of the Earth is inclined to the geographic approximately at an angle of 11 °, 5, so geographic poles also do not coincide with magnetic. The magnetic arrow can be made to fluctuate and not on the edge, as is done in the compass. It can be fixed on the horizontal axis, then it will swing in the vertical plane. Such an arrow is called an arrow of the ignition. Indeed, it shows, at what angle to the horizon acts on it in this place the magnetic force of the Earth, i.e. what is the magnetic inclination. In the northern and southern magnetic poles, the arrow's point is directed straight down: the magnetic inclination here is the largest one equals 90 °. The angles of magnetic inclinations are well studied throughout the land. If there are sharp changes in the inclination angles, it indicates that in this place under the surface of the Earth, the magnetized rocks or iron ores are hidden. The earth is a large magnet, the power lines of the magnetic field differ from the poles. The arrow of the compass on the surface of the Earth is oriented towards the magnetic poles. In the land of the land, as it is the turbogenerator. So I considered the American physicist Alsasser.
The role of the turbine in it is played by heat flows: they raise the large masses of the molten metal, which has a liquid property from the bowels of the nucleus. Coriolisov The strength "spins" them around the earth's axis, thus forming, thus gigantic coils inside the "earth dynamo machine". In these closed threads of hot metal, as in the turns of the wire on an anchor of an ordinary dynamo car, there was once a long time to appear induction current. He gradually appreciated the earthly core. The initial very weak magnetic field was intensified until over the time it did not reach its limit value. This limit was achieved in the distant past. And although the earthly turbogenerator continues its work, the kinetic energy of the stormy fluxes of the liquid metal is now spent not to the addition of the earth's nucleus, but is entirely turning into warmth. As for the weak initial magnetic field, without which the earth's turbogenerator could not start working, its origin would justify it. To do this, it is enough to remember an attempt to explain the magnetism of the Earth with its daily rotation. She was recognized as unsuccessful only because he gave the globe negligible magnetization. But in the natural "turbogenerator", the initial field can be as small, because with time it will increase to the required dimensions. Not all the difficulties of the new theory are overcome. For example, calculate the value of the induction current in the earth's core, it is not found out yet to what limit should the magnetic field in the kernel should be enhanced. There are few more laws of movement of a well-conductive electric current of metal in a magnetic field of the earth's kernel. Scientists have not yet managed to fully solve the true cause of the magnetism of the Earth and other celestial bodies. But you can say with confidence that now science has come close to solving this difficult task.
Study history.
The ability of magnetized items to be located in a certain direction was known to the Chinese several millennia ago. For the first time, the assumption of the presence of a magnetic field of the Earth, which causes such a behavior of the magnetized objects, expressed the English doctor and Naturofilosopher William Gilbert (English William Gilbert) in 1600 in his book "De Magne". The observations of the English astronomer Henry Gellibrand (Eng. Henry Gellibrand) showed that the geomagnetic field is not constantly, and slowly changes. Hosé de Akosta (one of the founders of Geophysicists, according to Humbolt) in his history (1590) for the first time a theory of four lines without magnetic declination appeared (it described the use of the compass, the angle of deviation, the differences between the magnetic and the north pole; although the deviations were known yet In the XV century, he described the oscillation of deviations from one point to another; it identified the place with zero deflection: for example, in the Azores). Karl Gauss (him. Carl Friedrich Gauß) put forward the theory about the origin of the magnetic field of the Earth and in 1839 proved that its main part comes out of the ground, and the reason for small, short deviations of its values \u200b\u200bmust be sought in the external environment. Magnetic Pole Displacement . The displacement of magnetic poles is registered since 1885. Over the past 100 years, the magnetic pole in the southern hemisphere moved almost 900 km and reached the Indian Ocean. The newest data on the state of the Arctic magnetic pole (moving towards the East Siberian global magnetic anomaly through the Arctic Ocean) showed that from 1973 to 1984 its mileage was 120 km from 1984 to 1994 - more than 150 km. Although these data are calculated, they are confirmed by measurements of the Northern Magnetic Pole. According to the beginning of 2007, the speed of the Northern Magnetic Pole drift increased from 10 km / year in the 70s, up to 60 km / year in 2004. The intensity of the earth's magnetic field drops, and unevenly. Over the past 22 years, it has decreased by an average of 1.7%, and in some regions, for example, in the southern part of the Atlantic Ocean, - by 10 percent. Someone where the tension of the magnetic field, contrary to the general trend, even increased. Accelerating the movement of the poles (on average, 3 km / year) and the movement of them according to the corridors of inversion of magnetic poles (more than 400 paleoinversions made it possible to identify these corridors) suggests that in this movement of the poles should not be seen, and the next ransom of the magnetic field of the Earth should be seen. This is confirmed by the current increase in the angle of the Kaspov solution (polar gaps in the magnetosphere in the north and south), which by the mid-90s reached 45 °. The radiation material of the solar wind, the interplanetary space and cosmic rays rushed into the expanded gaps, as a result of which the polar regions enters a larger amount of substance and energy, which can lead to additional heating of polar hats. In the past, inversion of magnetic poles occurred many times and life was preserved. The question is which price. If, as approved in some hypotheses, during the reversal of the Magnitosphere of the Earth, it will disappear for some time, the stream of cosmic rays will fall on the ground, which is a danger to sushi inhabitants and the greater if the disappearance of the magnetosphere will be conjugate with the depletion of the ozone layer. Entertaining the fact that during the ransom of the magnetic field of the Sun, which occurred in March 2001, there was no complete disappearance of the solar magnetosphere. The ransover of the magnetic field of the Sun occurs with a period of 22 years.
The structure of the magnetic field of the Earth.
On a slight distance from the surface of the Earth, about three of its radii, magnetic power lines have a dipole-like location. This area is called the plasmosphere of the Earth.
As the exposure to solar wind is removed from the surface of the earth: from the sun side, the geomagnetic field is compressed, and from the opposite, the night side, it is pulled out in a long tail.
Field parameters.
The points of the Earth, in which the tension of the magnetic field has a vertical direction, is called magnetic poles. There are two such points on Earth: the Northern Magnetic Pole and the Southern Magnetic Pole. Direct, passing through magnetic poles is called the magnetic axis of the Earth. The circumference of the large circle in the plane, which is perpendicular to the magnetic axis, is called a magnetic equator. The tension of the magnetic field at the points of the magnetic equator has an approximate horizontal direction.
The average voltage of the field on the surface of the Earth is about 0.5 e (50 mkl) and strongly depends on the geographic position. The voltage of the magnetic field on the magnetic equator is about 0.34 e (ersted), in magnetic poles about 0.66 e. In some areas (in so-called regions of magnetic anomalies), tensions increase sharply. In the area of \u200b\u200bKursk magnetic anomaly, it reaches 2 er.
The dipole magnetic moment of the Earth for 1995 was 7.812,025 GS cm³ (or 7,812 1022 A m²), decreasing on average over the past decades by 0.004,025 Gs cm³ or 1/4000 per year.
Approximation of the magnetic field of the Earth in the form of a number of harmonics is common - a series of Gauss.
For the magnetic field of the Earth, perturbations are characterized, called geomagnetic pulsations due to the excitation of hydromagnetic waves in the Earth magnetosphere; The frequency range of pulsations extends from Milliecz to one kilohertz. The magnetic field of the Earth is characterized by the following basic parameters: magnitudes of magnetic decline and magnetic inclination and numerical values \u200b\u200bof the magnetic field. Magnetic declination is an angle between the astronomical (geographical) meridian and magnetic meridian. Astronomical meridian - direction determining the true position of the North - South in this place. Magnetic meridian is an imaginary line on the earth's surface, which coincides with the direction of the earth's magnetic field. Magnetic oscillation ¬- The angle between the horizontal plane and the direction of the magnetic field strength vector. The unit of voltage of the magnetic field is made by the ampere on the meter (a / m).
Plasmosphere.
A noticeable effect on the magnetic field on the surface of the Earth have currents in the ionosphere. This area of \u200b\u200bthe upper atmosphere extending from the heights of about 100 km and above. Contains a large number of ions. Plasma is held with the magnetic field of the Earth, but its condition is determined by the interaction of the magnetic field of the Earth with the solar wind, which explains the connection of magnetic storms on the ground with solar flares.
Magnetic storms The geomagnetic storm is the perturbation of the geomagnetic field with a duration of several hours to several days, caused by admission in the surrounding Earth of the indignant high-speed flows of solar wind and the associated shock wave. The geomagnetic storm of 1859 (Carrington Storm, Sunny Superstutor, Currington Event) - was the most powerful geomagnetic storm in history. Less strong storms occurred in 1921 and 1960, when mass analyzes were noted. A scientific forecast of geomagnetic activity using telescope data and satellites is given no more than a day forward with a correlation coefficient of 0.7. On the third day, the correlation coefficient drops to 0.3. The forecast for a month forward can rely only on the 27-day recurrence associated with the period of rotation of the Sun around the axis. It cannot claim for high accuracy, since the average existence of active centers is 6-10 days.
The influence of the magnetism of the earth per man.
Studies conducted in the 50-70s, influenced by the human magnetic fields in general and magnetic storms in particular. This is quite convincingly and thoroughly stated in the books of A. S. Presman "Electromagnetic Field and Nature" and "Electromagnetic Fields in the Bio-Sphere". Let's give some examples. In 1930, A. L. Chizhevsky, and then other researchers drew attention to the relationship between the development of a number of diseases and processes occurring in the sun. Based on the statistical data obtained over many years, A. L. Chiozovsky showed the connection between the increase in solar activity and outbreaks of the epidemic of plague, cholera, diphtheria, influenza, meningitis, and even returning typhus. English scientists have a clearly pronounced growth of neuropsychiatric diseases at 67 magnetic storms. Such data are obtained by 40 thousand diseases. In the period 1957-1961. On 30 thousand diseases, an influence was traced 7, 14, 21, 35-day systematic increments of magnetic tension into the severity of diseases. A similar effect on the development of violation of cardiovascular activities has been detected. In this regard, the detailed observations conducted by V. M. Noglzhevoy in Sverdlovsk are of interest. A. S. Presman draws attention to the fact that during the periods of solar activity increases the reproduction and toxicity of a number of pathogens, the blood coagulation rate and the number of lymphocytes increase. V. K. Closebankin in Kiev At a very large number of cases, there was a clear change in biopotentials on the amplitude, frequency and form of curves occurring during magnetic storms. Based on its data, it classifies people into the following groups: the first group includes those that change the value of the amplitude of the brain biopotential react to the upcoming magnetic storm for 3-4 days; to the second ¬-reactive per day; to the third - at the time of the storm itself; To the fourth - after 2-3 days after a storm and, finally, to the latter (10-15% of the observed) - people in the state of the biopotential of which the magnetic storm did not affect. The following facts are not exhaustive. However, those seen at different times, in different countries and different observers, the conclusions clearly prove that the fact of the influence of magnetic fields and magnetic storms per person is reliable. But through which mechanisms is this influence? Electric fields, electric currents, one way or another arranges their influence through the interaction with the electrical parameters of the living organism. If the effect of the magnetic field is detected, it can be assumed that the field is interconnected with the magnetic properties of a living organism. A characteristic feature of the magnetic field action on a residential organism is that it is "transparent" for the field. From the impact of a stick, vital organs of the body in one degree or another are protected by muscles. Even the strong fire does not immediately lead to a severe outcome. The circulatory system, musculature with electrical conductivity, can be shut down a dangerous current to a certain extent. Penetrating radiation is partially or fully properly in surface areas of the body. And only the magnifying field acts on the entire body as generally as a whole: from the body and organ to the cell and its individual molecules and atoms.
Conclusion.
It is interesting to note that not only a person uses the power of earthly magnetism (for example, for navigation). There are some reason to believe that birds who surprise us with the ability to find the places in which they were once born and lived, also use these forces. Not so long ago, interesting experiments were held with postal pigeons, which, as you know, are distinguished by the ability to determine their permanent location. Five pigeons were taken away from the city in which they were. The birds released on the will, the birds immediately returned back. Then each pigeon under the wings was attached to a small magnet and repeated experience. It turned out that only one dove out of five returned home, and then after a long wander on the way. So, on our planet under the action of the magnetic forces of the Earth, the compass arrow is set in a certain direction. But it happens that the compass arrow suddenly begins to worry, sharply and suddenly shudder, throw from side to side. Such phenomena scientists are called magnetic storms. The magnetic field of the Earth has yet to study well, to fully figure out his influence on
Used Books1. Big Soviet Encyclopedia.
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4. Sivukhin D.V. General course of physics. - ed. 4th, stereotypical. - M.: Fizmatlit; Publishing house MFTI, 2004. - T. III. Electricity. - 656 p. - ISBN 5-9221-0227-3; ISBN 5-89155-086-5.
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It is known that the magnetic field of the Earth protects us from the destructive effects of sunlight, but it is also able to provide direct impact on the human body. Both favorable and negative.
Magnetic field and living organism
Modern science has already proven that the magnetic field of the Earth affects living organisms. It is also established that living beings not only perceive electromagnetic streams, but also generate their own.
Biophysics and doctors note the positive effect of the magnetic field on the blood circulation system - the state of blood vessels, the activity of the transfer of oxygen through blood, the transportation of nutrients.
Back in the nineteenth century, the French neuropathologist J. M. Sharko and the Russian clinician S. P. Botkin said that the magnetic field was soothing effect on the nervous system. Soviet scientist A. S. Presman put forward a hypothesis, according to which the electromagnetic fields existing in nature had an impact on the evolution of living organisms. According to the theory of Presman, along with energy interactions in biological processes, informational interactions play a significant role. Moreover, if the sensitivity of the perceive systems is sufficiently high, the transmission of information by the electromagnetic field can be carried out with a very low energy. This theory was confirmed in the studies of modern, in particular, American scientists.
All permissive impact
The features of the influence of the magnetic field per person are fundamentally different from any other impact - chemical, thermal, radiation, electric. For example, if the muscles and blood circulation system can partly shunt the dangerous current, and the radiation is partially absorbed by surface layers of the body, the magnetic field affects the body entirely. Employees of the Institute of Earth Magnetism, the ionosphere and the spread of radio films of the Russian Academy assume that magnetic fields act in an ultra low frequency range, and therefore meet the main physiological rhythms - heart, brain, respiratory rhythm.
In particular, it was confirmed that the frequencies of the so-called "noise resonance" (enhancing electromagnetic atmospheric noise) coincide with the frequencies of the brain.
According to scientists, unlike other physiological impacts, a person may not feel the magnetic field wagging, but the body still responds to it, primarily, functional changes in the nervous, cardiovascular systems and brain activity.
Magnetic field and psyche
Psychiatrists have long traced the relationship between the intensity surges of the magnetic field of the Earth and the exacerbations of mental diseases, which often lead to suicide. The leading psychiatrist of the Columbia University of USA Kelly Pozner notes that "the most likely explanation of the fact of the closest relationship between psychological deviations in people and geomagnetic storms is that the mismatch of the circadian rhythms of the body is occurring (cyclic fluctuations in the intensity of various biological processes with a period of about 20 to 28 hours. ) and failure in the development of melatonin - the main hormone of the epiphyse that is responsible for the regulation of daily rhythms.
Geomagnetic storms directly affect the internal biological clock of the body in destructive mode, thereby provoking the occurrence of depressive states and improving the probability of suicide. "
British scientists paid attention to the connection between neuropsychiatric disorders and processes of the magnetic field. They managed to identify this pattern by exploring about 40 thousand patients.
Magnetic storm response
At one time, the domestic biophysicist Alexander Chizhevsky based on numerous statistical data indicated the seriousness of the effects of geomagnetic storms on human health. Such storms, according to the scientist, are culprits of outbreaks of epidemics of plague, cholera, diphtheria, influenza, meningitis and even returning typhus. In the Yerevan Medical Institute, the influence of the disturbance of the magnetic field of the Earth on the incidence of myocardial infarction is studied. This disease is convenient for studying that it is possible to clearly define the time to start its occurrence, and then relate data to the start of magnetic storms. Studies have shown that on the day of the magnetic storm and over the next two days, the number of people with cardiovascular problems increased, as well as the number of cases with fatal outcome.
But doctors argue that most often the human body reacts to the indignation of the magnetic field of the Earth not immediately, but approximately a day after the start of the magnetic storm.
Numerous studies show that geomagnetic activity also affects the circulatory system. Even with the medium intensity stills, the blood coagulation increases by about 2.5 times, the rate of sedimentation of red blood cells increases, which leads to the risk of thrombosis.
"Magnetic Field Deficure Syndrome"
The doctor of biological sciences Peter Vasilik found that during periods of strengthening the magnetic field of the Earth, the human growth slowed down, but now humanity is experiencing a period of decay of the activity of the magnetic field of the planet and, accordingly, this Vasilik explains the acceleration observed today.
And in the opinion of the Japanese scientist and the doctor, the Kaisie is gangway, weak geomagnetic activity is the cause of many disorders: poor sleep, the loss of appetite, reduce immunity, inclinations towards frequent diseases, diseases of the joints, leather, urogenital system, nervousness and general weakness.
The theory of Jagging was called "magnetic field deficit syndrome. However, the magnetic field deficit can be caused artificially. For example, in a spacecraft or in a submarine, a magnetic field shielding effect is created. In people who came to such conditions for a long time, significant violations of the functional indicators were found, a decrease in metabolism was observed and a decrease in the total number of leukocytes in the blood, as well as harbingers of various diseases appeared.