The Duplicarver copy-milling machine is used for copying sculptures and flat-relief products, as well as wood carvings. Today, analogues of such technology are Russian market No. The equipment has received recognition among specialists and novice craftsmen. This device meets the requirements of technical regulations.
There are three types of machines on sale:
- "Duplicarver-1";
- "Duplicarver-2";
- "Duplicarver-3".
With their help, you can carry out not only cultural and volumetric carving, but also flat-relief work. These can be panels, as well as panels of small depth. The dimensions of the products are determined by the width, and their length can be any. “Duplicarver-3” retained all the characteristics of “Duplicarver-2” and acquired new ones. With its help you can carry out long volumetric threads.
The working tool of the device is a high-quality milling cutter, which is manufactured in Germany. The machine works accurately and as reliably as possible, and you can master the techniques of working with it quite quickly. If you cannot afford such equipment, then you can make copy-milling machines for wood yourself. To do this, there is no need to purchase any complex spare parts.
Classification by degree of automation
When copy-milling machines for wood are made, initially the craftsmen understand the varieties of such equipment, it can be
- desktop or handheld;
- automatic;
- stationary.
In the first case, the workpiece is fixed mechanically; holes are usually drilled on these devices different shapes, however the parameters are affected by the template. Stationary automatic equipment fixes workpieces using pneumatic clamps; it can be used with aluminum.
When preparing drawings of a milling and copying machine before its manufacture, you must also understand that there is stationary automatic equipment with pneumatic clamps, which are complemented by three-spindle heads.
Homemade equipment can be created according to a drawing. As a result, you will be able to get a device that performs its tasks, just like factory equipment. The copier will consist of the following components:
- working surface;
- device for installing a router;
- supporting frame.
When they are made they have milling head, it should be supplemented transmission mechanism and an electric motor, this is the only way to achieve multiple speeds. As a result of using such a unit, it is possible to produce a part that may have a number of flaws.
They can occur during the process of changing the direction of the cutter, vibration and trembling of the structure. Inconsistency can also occur due to the curvature of the part; this problem occurs when there is internal stress. You can eliminate shortcomings by making a machine to produce parts of a certain type.
Features of creating a copier
If you decide to make a copy-milling machine yourself, then it should be optimized for processing specific parts. An important factor, which should be taken into account when making a machine yourself, is total weight. This should also include the dimensions of the structure.
It should be more massive if you plan to process large-sized products. This allows the equipment to reduce vibrations that occur during cutter operation. The guide axles should be made with a significant reserve of power, only then will they not bend under increased loads.
When making a copy-milling machine with your own hands, it is important to understand its design features. The system will have a working head and a supporting frame. The working surface can be adjusted in height, while the milling head must be supplemented with a two-stage transmission mechanism that provides two shaft speeds.
Making a pantograph
Copy-milling machines for wood have a pantograph as their main unit, which can be made of wood. However, you should be prepared for the fact that it will not be possible to achieve high accuracy in this case, because the connection wooden blanks carried out using loops.
If you use loops to fix them, a backlash will form between them. Metal is sometimes used to make a drawing pantograph; it can be used to create copies on different scales, but it can only be used to create three-dimensional copies.
Work methodology
The working element can also be connected to each other using pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical elements, which are required to generate the force from the copier to the working element. The template can be a flat contour or spatial model. You can use contour drawings, a reference part, but the element for reading the dimensions and shape will be a copy roller or finger, photocells or a probe.
You can use wood, plastic or metal for the template. This unit must be located on a rotating work table of the equipment. When CNC milling and copying machines are manufactured, they must have a working element that begins to move thanks to a solenoid, spool valve or relays are located in the amplifying devices, they can be hydraulic, electromagnetic or electro-optical.
Features of manufacturing copy-milling turning equipment
The copier will work, providing quality depending on the speed of movement of the tracking device. The actuator circuit will have a main element in the form of a hydraulic cylinder or electric motor. The guide pin will make up the pantograph structure. It is necessary to place the guide pin and spindle on the same rail.
The lath must have shoulders, the ratio of which will determine the scale of copying. The copying machine will have a finger that will move along the contour of the templates. He will be responsible for the movement of the rack, which rotates freely on the axis. On the other side of the rack, the spindle will make identical movements when processing parts. On such machines, the described device will not be superfluous, and its presence will increase functionality.
Conclusion
Copy-milling machines have gained great popularity among consumers today for the reason that in everyday life and in production there is often a need to create copies or repeat products. For this purpose, devices are used today that provide high productivity and accuracy, which cannot be achieved manually.
Master and YouTube blogger Viktor Voronov has compiled detailed instructions describing all the steps for making a wood copying machine. He created this design with his own hands and, thanks to detailed instructions, it can be repeated in any carpentry workshop. This machine can be used for making ax handles, knife handles and other crafts.
Work began with the creation of the base of the machine. From the steel angle, the workpiece is cut to size and bolted together. The bed size does not have of great importance. All other parts are made locally according to the resulting size of the base.
When the base is ready, you can mount the side walls of the copying machine. They have three holes. One is central for the main shaft of the threaded rod and two holes each for installing the workpiece and the part to be copied. The walls are screwed with M8 bolts to the frame. For installation turning center To fasten the workpiece and the original, you need to grind out a fastening in the form of a thick bolt with a nut. In the middle of the bolt there is a threaded hole for an M10 bolt with a turning center.
The central shaft rotates on bearings. The bearings are inserted into the holes for them and secured with a large washer and on the other side with washers on the bolts. The central shaft will be inserted, and when it rotates, the carriage with the cutter will move.
The second wall is installed in place. The central shaft is driven by a large homemade pulley, which is simply installed and tightened tightly with nuts. It is used as a drive for rotating the workpiece and the original. top part from a VAZ 2108 pump with cast iron impellers.
The distance around the pumps and the large pulley is chosen so that the size of the belt from the VAZ 2108 gas distribution mechanism is exactly the same. To tension the belt, a standard tensioner from VAZ is used.
The machine's motor is a windshield wiper motor from 2101. A construction angle is screwed to it to install it in place. The direct connection proved to be too fast, so a reduction gear made from bicycle gears was added. For better adhesion to the workpieces and the original, the pump impellers were sharpened in the form of spikes.
Used for cutting wood Sander with a circular saw blade installed.
To integrate bicycle gears for downshifts into the design of the copying machine, bolts were welded to the center of one pump and onto the electric motor shaft and the gears were installed there. After this, it remains to shorten the chain to the right size. When the chain is installed, you can check and evaluate the quality of the mechanism. If the test is successful, you need to adjust the driver and saw blade.
Before operating the machine, we place the original - this is a new ax handle. Next, we place the blank from which the same ax handle is obtained. Now you can check the operation of the machine. We start the grinder and then the drive mechanism.
Wood dust comes out, so the machine is turned off after 10 minutes. In order not to be near the machine all the time, you need to install a limit switch that will turn off the machine when the carriage reaches the end of the workpiece. The brake switch of the same car came up. It is necessary to glue the stop plate so that it presses the switch at the right moment.
So, the copy machine is started, the master leaves the machine, since it works perfectly in automatic mode, you just need to change the workpieces. Working on it is not at all tiring. A copying machine can produce parts with great precision; the part is almost 90% ready, all that remains is to polish and refine it. The ax handle is shown only as an example; it is much more profitable to copy the butts of guns or the handles of daggers or knives, etc.
There is educational material about.
Continuation
This is a screening of several films about the construction of a copying machine, the announcement of which was shown earlier. I didn’t use any drawings, I did everything intuitively.
I started by building the foundation. The holes in the corners are drilled to form a regular rectangle. After tightening the four nuts at the corners, I drilled more holes next to the bolts and inserted and tightened the nuts so that the frame would be stronger and not wobble. The bolts I used were M8 and 3 cm long.
To install the shafts and other tools, I used two walls made of chipboard. Holes of the required diameter are already drilled in them. The holes for attaching the walls are made locally. To support the copied part and the workpiece, the back part, I used the same parts as for a homemade lathe; there is a video on the channel. The main shaft along which the carriage with the cutter moves is made of an ordinary pin, purchased at a construction store with a diameter of 12 mm. The ends of the studs are processed lathe, under the bearings.
To secure the bearings, I used a large washer on one side and 5 mm bolts, through bolts, on the other side there were nuts and washers, which simultaneously held the bearing in place. On one side the shaft has an elongated groove for attaching a pulley. For synchronous rotation of the workpiece and the workpiece, I used two pumps from a VAZ 2108; I bought a toothed belt from a VAZ 2108 at a disassembly site.
Second part
Very often there is a need to make an exact copy of a certain part from various materials. In production conditions, a special copying machine for wood and metal is used for this. Device of this type very easy to make yourself using simple materials. The advantage of such a copy-milling machine is its high productivity. If you do everything right, you can get a lot in a short period of time. quality parts, which will not differ in any way from the original sample.
General description of the equipment
The purpose of wood copying and milling machines is to process various parts both in volume and in plane. Their operating principle is somewhat similar to units with. If wood samples are processed, then using milling machines of this type the following can be achieved:
- reproduce any ornaments;
- apply the desired inscription to the surface of the workpiece;
- engrave shaped profiles;
- obtain complex volumetric workpieces with multiple small details, which are located in different planes.
A milling and copying unit that works with wooden parts is most often used for furniture production. It helps create all the necessary decorative elements, which is difficult to achieve in any other way.
Features of the unit
Milling machine works on metal or wood using the following rules:
- The cutting element in this type of equipment is a milling cutter. It creates the desired contour or volumetric elements in accordance with the established software specifications;
- There is another connecting element between the cutting element and the tracking device. This is a supply and control system, which can be mechanical (used in the simplest units that process wood), hydraulic or pneumatic;
- As a copier, a specially created template, outline drawing or a ready-made part is mainly used. CNC copy-milling machines do not require such samples, so they are considered universal. These units operate thanks to numerical commands that are specified by the user through a special interface.
- templates can be blanks made from any materials - wood, metal, plastic, etc.
Types of milling machines with copying function
Copying machines can have different drives. On this basis, this equipment is divided into:
- units where a pantograph is present. Allows you to copy at the desired scale. The equipment where the pantograph is installed can process parts in several directions. The design of this unit also includes an axis of rotation. The pantograph provides the required scale of processing due to a certain ratio of distances between these elements;
- copiers that are equipped with a working mechanism mounted on a rotary rack;
- devices with single or multiple spindles that have rotary tables of various sizes and shapes;
- units with different scheme feed – mechanical, hydraulic, electric;
- photocopying installations.
Depending on the degree of automation of all operations and the method of fixation, this equipment can be:
- desktop, where the workpiece is secured mechanically;
- stationary, where parts are fixed using pneumatic clamps;
- stationary with and three-spindle head.
Copying machine for a do-it-yourself router
Homemade machine design
A DIY wood milling machine will consist of the following structural elements:
- work surface that fits in size;
- a supporting frame that will ensure the stability of the unit during operation;
- unit required for installing cutters.
When making this homemade product, you need to take into account that the milling head used must be equipped with a transmission mechanism, which must have an electric motor. This will provide the unit with several operating modes at different speeds.
A homemade copying machine does not have precise control, which leads to a decrease in the quality of parts made with its help. All the shortcomings are especially pronounced when changing the direction of the cutter or during active operation of the unit, which is accompanied by vibration in the entire plane of the structure. It is almost impossible to eliminate these defects. Therefore, it is recommended to create narrow-profile units that are aimed at processing only certain parts.
Also, during the manufacture of a homemade copying machine, you should pay attention to the weight and dimensions of the parts being processed. The larger they are, the more massive the supporting frame of the equipment should be. This will absorb all the resulting vibrations and provide a sufficient margin of safety, which will make the machine you created with your own hands durable and reliable.
To ensure high quality processing of wood parts, care should be taken to ensure sufficient engine power. If it is 150-220 W, then provide desired speed Rotating the cutter will not be difficult.
It is also necessary to remember that the assembly that connects the cutter to the copying probe must be strong and reliable. It is very important that their plane and the surface of the desktop completely coincide. As a result, the created structure is rigidly installed on the supporting frame. It should also move freely along the working surface in all necessary directions.
Using these tips, it is very easy to create a copying machine yourself. But we should not forget that its scope is limited. If parts need to be processed different types and size, it is better to purchase universal equipment that is manufactured in a factory.
Video: Do-it-yourself copying machine
A pantograph (copier) for a router is, in fact, a milling and copying machine; abroad it is called Dupli carver.
A milling copying machine can copy and mill parts of aircraft and ship models, platbands, flat-relief panels, coats of arms, wooden coins, paintings, ornaments, etc. It is very convenient to make all types of flat and slotted threads on this machine.
The principle is very simple. The workpiece and the part template are fixed on the table, the contour and elements of the template are traced with a machine probe, and the router, repeating these movements, mills a copy of the template into the workpiece.
I wanted to buy such a thing for making repeating decorative elements, but after looking at the prices for this product on the Internet, I realized that I was not yet ready to pay 15,000 or more for this toy. It will be much cheaper to do it yourself.
I found several on the Internet homemade designs, I posted myself on the site as a hint, now based on these ideas I will create something of my own, based on my capabilities.
1. Simple made of wood.
Advantages: easy to make, does not require significant material costs, can be done in one evening.
Flaws: Perhaps the copies will not be of sufficient quality, because... the hinges have quite noticeable play.
2. Metal pantograph (copier) of medium complexity.
Photo from ChipMarker.RU
Advantages: the use of the principle of a drawing pantograph makes it possible to provide for the possibility of making copies in different scales; at high-quality manufacturing details, the copies will be quite high quality.
Flaws: metal turning is required; it is impossible to make three-dimensional copies.
3. Milling copying machine foreign, branded
Milling is one of the most common methods of wood processing. Using a milling cutter you can make parts of a wide variety of configurations.
The resulting product characterizes high accuracy and surface cleanliness. indispensable in a home workshop, but often what is required is not a one-piece part, but several completely identical products.
This is where a wood milling and copying machine will come to the rescue. This is a device that can create copies of a reference product, recreate a part according to a template, and some models even work according to drawings.
Distinctive features of copy routers
The cutting tool of this type of machine is milling cutters various shapes and designs. Actually, a copy-milling machine is a device with a movable cutter, the depth and angle of penetration of which is adjusted with a special probe.
The range of products that a copy milling machine can produce is very wide. Among other things, it should be noted:
- all kinds of furniture parts;
- carved and figured interior elements;
- profile frames for paintings and photographs;
- three-dimensional products with carvings (boxes, figurines);
- exterior elements (plinths, platbands, baguettes);
- decorative stair railings, fence details;
- handles for tools.
In addition, copy milling machines are used in technological process specific productions. On machines of this type they create wooden parts firearms (stock, forearm).
Machine device
Structurally, this machine consists of a frame on which a moving part is installed. In the simplest case, the moving part is a rigidly connected probe that moves along the surface of the model or template, and a cutting head that processes the workpiece. Devices with a mechanical connection are distinguished by ease of assembly; such a copying machine is easy to make with your own hands.
Note! Many models of copy milling cutters allow you to cut not only exact copies of parts, but also reproduce them on a certain scale. For this purpose they use additional device– pantograph.
The pantograph can be mechanical (a rod system that allows you to change proportions) or an electronic mechanism that controls a pneumatic or hydraulic drive.
A measuring finger with a pointed or rounded end is used as a probe. A roller probe gives good results when working with large parts. It is a rubberized wheel that rolls freely over the surface, following the contours of the reference part. More expensive models have electronic control, and a laser meter is used as a probe.
Main types of copy routers
Devices of this type are in demand in a variety of industries; they are an excellent assistant for home handyman working with wood. Given the high demand, manufacturers offer many types of machines that differ in purpose and technical characteristics.
Copy-milling machines are distinguished by the degree of automation and the method of fixing the workpiece. The most popular are simple ones desktop devices, intended for the manufacture of small parts.
In demand stationary machines with pneumatic fixation of the workpiece. They perform wide range works and can process not only wood, but also metals. Automatic multi-spindle equipment is in demand in production, allowing it to simultaneously perform several operations.
Several groups of machines can be distinguished based on their design features:
- devices on a rotating frame that moves in a vertical plane;
- a machine with a pantograph that allows you to make enlarged or reduced copies of the template;
- multi-spindle devices with rotary tables;
- photocopiers.
A copy-milling machine is a complex device, however, if you have the skills to work with metal, it can be made in a home workshop. It’s hardly worth trying to recreate powerful factory equipment; you won’t need this for your home. The best device For a home workshop, a simple tabletop or stationary copying machine on a rotating frame with one working tool can be considered.
Factory equipment
Not everyone will undertake making a wood copy router with their own hands. Still, it’s difficult, the work will require skills and free time. If there is a need to acquire this useful machine in all respects, but there is no desire to tinker with drawings and parts, it is worth considering purchasing a finished factory product.
We must not forget that choosing any machine for a home workshop, copy milling is no exception, is a serious matter. It’s worth spending a little time comparing the main characteristics and choosing a device that is guaranteed to cope with the tasks. When choosing a machine, you should pay attention to the following:
- type of device, as a result, list of work performed;
- engine power, labor productivity and the permissible hardness of the processed material depend on it;
- brand and country of origin.
The price of a machine largely depends on its manufacturer. With approximately equal indicators, products from the European Union and the United States will be more expensive. The price of devices from Asian countries is much lower, but you have to be careful here; low cost does not always go hand in hand with quality.
Examples of manufacturers
Those who need a reliable machine for flat milling should pay attention to the products of the Italian company GRIGGIO. Machines of this trademark have a relatively low price and are good decision for creating shaped parts, skirting boards, platbands. With their help it is convenient to create facades of furniture panels and wooden doors.
The VFK-810 milling machine with a table rotation angle of 45 degrees is perfect for those who are interested in making furniture. Her distinctive feature– high speed of rotation of the cutter (up to 20,000 rpm), which guarantees excellent quality surface of the finished product.
The Chinese MX 5068 unit has comparable characteristics at a much lower price. It boasts a cutter rotation speed of up to 18,000 rpm and uses a pneumatic drive for table rotation and tool movement.
Those who are planning to get serious about carpentry should pay attention to a milling unit made in Taiwan. WINNER LH-1000 will become best assistant if necessary serial production parts of the same type. A special feature of the machine is a multi-level spindle, which allows you to perform several operations at once in one pass and create a product of the required profile without the need to rearrange the cutting tool.
CNC copy milling machines
A separate type of copy-milling machines are devices with CNC (computer numerical control). These machines are more complex to manufacture, but have a number of significant advantages compared to simple models:
- ability to work in fully automatic mode without operator participation;
- stable high quality manufactured products;
- ease of setup and programming;
- Possibility of integration into a computer system.
CNC devices are obviously more expensive; their purchase is advisable for large manufacturing enterprises.
Homemade copy router
Factory-made devices are expensive; designing a homemade wood copying machine will help you get out of this situation. It is unlikely that it will be able to compete with purchased models in terms of power and reliability, but the price advantage is guaranteed.
There is an opinion that the easiest way is to make a copying machine from an existing ordinary wood milling machine. It is a bad idea. The fact is that these two devices have very little in common, only the type of cutting tool; everything else will have to be radically altered. It is much easier to design and manufacture a machine from scratch.
You should start by choosing the layout of the future device. A drawing will help simplify the process.
Note! There is no need to try to create your own device; a drawing of any type of router is easy to find on the Internet.
By the way, it is not necessary to follow it exactly; the dimensions can be easily adjusted to suit your needs.
There are a number of requirements for a copy milling machine. Among other things, it should be different:
- heavy and stable frame;
- precisely manufactured guides;
- the ability to adjust the angle of inclination of the tool;
- ability to scale products.
Working tool simple machine will serve manual frezer. Such a solution will significantly simplify the design, since there is no need to design this complex unit, it is enough to just manufacture reliable fastening. Its configuration is selected based on the size and shape of the router.
The basis of any machine is the bed. It must be reliable and stable. One of the main problems of a homemade copying machine is the inaccuracy of the output product caused by vibration and backlash. Errors during assembly can affect the accuracy of the manufactured part, which will lead to a large percentage of defects.
No less influential on the quality of work is the precision of the manufacture of the copier - the frame on which it is installed. cutting tool and dipstick. It must ensure accurate transfer of force from the probe to the tool and prevent vibration of the cutter.
Those who like to work with wood, who plan to make furniture for themselves or to order, should definitely get this useful tool. It will significantly expand the capabilities of your home workshop and give you a chance to make money from your hobby. The purchased device will become the basis of home production, and homemade machine will help you try out a new business without major investment.