Let's consider such a question as a niche in the wall in the living room.
What is the best way to design a niche? The question is "ticklish" for those who have a very small room.
How is a niche created?
Making such a design is one of the best options for replacing furniture walls, and besides, it is a great option to decorate, because it is possible to add dynamics and harmony to the interior of the room.
All connoisseurs of freedom will appreciate the niche. As an option, a niche for a TV in the living room - a TV, even the thinnest one, will not be visible, but will be, as it were, recessed, and all the wires will be hidden.
In addition, the design of a niche is an opportunity to once and for all abandon overall furniture, because it can be decorated with special shelves for storing a library, frames with photographs.
Actually, therefore, more and more often you can find the option of converting an ordinary wall into a niche in the living room.
To highlight a niche, it is worth considering the lighting around its perimeter - the lamps that are installed inside the structure complement the interior.
Make your own niche
All actions that are somehow related to modeling a recess in a wall should begin with marking on the wall.
The width of the structure, its height and depth are determined depending on what its further purpose is. The plates become a frame for the future profile. Next, the profile is fixed.
After the frame is completed, you can begin to sheath it with drywall. The design is puttied, sanded, and a fine finish is performed.
Niche Purpose
There are people who are extremely negative towards chests of drawers, towards cabinets, and therefore, as an option, you can create a niche instead of one wall.
This option is nothing more than saving space in the room, replacing furniture, the ability to hide appliances.
Drywall niches in the living room can be supplemented with shelves made of glass or wood, and then the created structure will look just like a rack.
If you plan to design a niche, then there is no need to adhere to geometry and make a huge recess in the wall. Let your imagination run wild.
A niche in the living room as a decor item emphasizes the taste of the owners of the house, visually allowing you to expand the room. Drywall is a plastic material, and therefore any even complex design option can be created.
The design style should not stand out from the design of the room as a whole, so that the design looks exactly like a decoration, otherwise, it simply “does not fit” into the interior and spoils the whole impression.
The design is created very simply, but the process is time-consuming, because you need to accurately calculate everything.
Niche in the kitchen
A niche is an excellent solution for a kitchen space, because it is not just a “highlight” in style, but also a masking of wall imperfections.
Do-it-yourself niche creation: project development, then marking on the wall and after mounting the frame, as well as plasterboard sheathing.
The master does not need any project documentation, but still, without a drawing on hand, it is not easy to make the necessary calculations and get a good result.
You can use a small drawing with basic data - the size of the kitchen, the location of the battery, sockets and switches.
Designers believe that it is best to place a TV in a niche, which in this way, as it were, is protected from dust, moisture, and grease.
If the backlight is organized inside the created recess, then in this case the lamps should not be powerful so that ignition does not occur.
At the stage of marking on the wall, you need to transfer the drawing. The markup is done clearly. If the wall is curved, then you need to use a special tape, due to which the profile will closely press against the wall.
The niche installation algorithm is not complicated. If the niche is horizontally oriented, then in this way it is possible to expand the width of the kitchen, and if vertically, it allows you to emphasize the height.
Often they use a niche to install a washing machine, PMM, refrigerator, microwave oven. If a desire arises, then the niche is decorated with a door, a curtain.
The purpose of a functional niche is to embed furniture, appliances, and a decorative niche is used to place accessories and souvenirs.
Today, even the most intricate design of a niche in the living room is possible. The main trend is a niche in the floor for TV or flowers. This design is mobile, and this is its big plus.
When decorating a niche, they often use both the tone of the walls and the emphasis on the niche. Do not make the design too contrasting, because the perception of the design will deteriorate.
There are a lot of photo options for a niche in the living room on the Internet, a lot of master classes, how to make a niche in a house with your own hands, and therefore, if you are thinking of something like this, then look for options, study, and then embody everything conceived in your interior.
Niche design photo in the living room
A niche in the wall is not only a beautiful design element, but also a design of practical importance. Harmoniously built-in recesses create a special decor and comfort in the interior of the rooms. They are laid, as a rule, at the stage of creating a repair project. But you can easily add a niche to an already finished room, while not resorting to the help of specialists. Lots of ready ideas. The main thing is that the element fits well into the overall style of the room. This will create an original design that brings an atmosphere of comfort.
What can wall niches be used for?
A recess in the wall can perform a wide variety of functions. Here much depends on the imagination. The main areas of use are:
- the main thing - as a decor;
- like shelves;
- source of additional lighting.
A niche in the wall allows you to place various items:
- collections of coins and paintings;
- books, vases;
- flower pots;
- sleeping bed;
- built-in furniture;
- aquarium;
- mirrors;
- TV and audio equipment;
- decoration elements;
- microwave;
- clothes, underwear, shoes.
This is not a complete list of things. Inside each room there are many more such items that successfully combine with a recess in the wall. An example of this is the photo below.
Niches have a number of advantages. They come down to this:
- economical use of space;
- creating a place to accommodate various things;
- the ability to install household appliances;
- saving money on the purchase of furniture;
- masking surface defects of walls, communications (heating pipes, batteries);
- such decor gives exclusivity and style to the design of rooms, emphasizes the individuality of the owner of the home.
The recess in the wall allows you to expand the living space, which is especially important for small apartments. Also, the designs replace furniture (chest of drawers, shelving, cabinets, coasters). This is especially welcomed by people who have a negative attitude towards these elements of the interior.
The placement of individual items requires the creation of additional design elements, for example, a niche with a mirror is additionally decorated with sconces. Often glass or wooden shelves are inserted into the recesses.
Drywall is used to create both classic (rectangular) decorated structures and arched ones. Despite the ease of installation, an accurate calculation is necessary to achieve the symmetry of the parts of the structure. It is also required to take into account the color, lighting, purpose of the room.
Design rules
A modern recess in the wall is an area that harmoniously fits into the interior of the room. She closes the flaws, decorates it. There are certain rules on how to design a niche and place everything correctly. The main ones are:
- it is required to observe the proportions of structural elements;
- if necessary, the geometry of the room should be corrected;
- the color of the recessed place should not be darker than the surrounding walls (otherwise the effect of a hole will turn out);
- with the help of mirrors inserted into the cavities, they visually expand the space of the room;
- the sides of the niches can be painted 1 shade darker than the base;
- if decor is used that has a different texture, then their compatibility should be taken into account;
- such structures are well suited to rooms inside which there are layout flaws and surfaces that require masking;
- you should first think over the design, which will make it possible to immediately solve the issue of design.
Illumination of a niche in the wall creates a special atmosphere inside the room. Especially when it is used for walls and curtains. But well-lit rooms are an exception. In the wall in the kitchen, additional lighting will be superfluous, because it smooths out the surrounding interior.
Darkened hallways are a great place to light up. It is also needed for cavities with installed TVs or audio equipment. The optimal combination of lighting with the interior is shown in the photo.
For additional lighting, various decorative lamps are used, differing in their shape and color range. This makes it possible to choose both the level of illumination and the effect it creates. Electricity costs do not increase from it, because modern diode spotlights consume low power.
The design of a niche in the wall must be carried out taking into account the basic rules. This makes it possible to achieve a harmonious combination of colors and visual effects.
Niche in the interior of the rooms
The design of a niche in the wall depends on the purpose of the room. Recommendations for creating such a decor for different rooms are presented in the following table.
| Bedroom | Bathroom | Kitchen | Hallway |
|---|---|---|---|
| it is permissible to place niches on the walls anywhere | the cavity is located in any part of the room | finish, as a rule, using light colors | at the bottom of the opening they often put a shelf for shoes and accessories, and at the top - hangers for clothes |
| for a small room, an excellent option is the location of the recess at the head of the bed | it is used for a washing machine, boiler, towels, soap, powders, etc. | looks good bright mosaic inside the cavity | an important aspect here is the harmonious combination of colors |
| lighting is done with small lamps | vertical structures are placed on long walls, and horizontal structures on short ones. | a variety of items are placed on the shelves |
For the hall, any design of openings is suitable. The main thing is to observe the general style and compatibility of interior elements. Its original design is shown below in the photo. Harmonious decoration of the bedroom will create a cozy alcove. In the kitchen, recesses are created in any areas, taking into account the overall composition.
Do-it-yourself installation of a decorative recess
Creating a cavity inside the wall is a great alternative to furniture, allowing you to decorate rooms and cover existing defects. The play of colors allows you to give the interior harmony, the right amount of dynamism, to implement various design ideas. Mounted structures create visual changes in the parameters of the environment and the space of the premises.
How to make a niche in the wall with your own hands? The phased implementation of the process is reduced to the following operations:
- carry out the marking of the wall surface, determining the width, depth and height of the structure;
- fix at a short distance the plates, which are the basis for the profiles;
- the frame is fixed along the intended contour, obtaining a similarity to the design shown below in the photo;
- constantly check the level of details of the structure;
- sheathe the frame with plasterboard sheets: they are fixed with self-tapping screws;
- embroider the joints, prime and putty using sickle (reinforcing tape);
- cover the entire working area with a primer, putty with several layers (3 - optimally);
- the surface is polished;
- apply a coating.
The role of finishing can be performed by wallpaper, decorative stone, tile, surface painting.
Finishing a niche in the wall and installing the entire structure require strict adherence to proportions and proper design in order to achieve a beautiful result.
An indentation in the wall, created according to all the rules, will give any room a unique, sophisticated look. Beautifully created decor is used to arrange works of art, household appliances, books and various small things. Beds and aquariums are installed inside large openings.
Diverse ideas allow you to decorate your home, hide the existing defects in the finish, focus on any element of the interior. With the help of drywall, you can create such structures yourself without a significant investment of time and money.
A variety of design options for decorative recesses are presented in the video.
How you can mount a drywall niche with your own hands is shown in detail by the training videos below.
In Soviet times, a niche in the wall was perceived by people as one big drawback. Its size was too small for the construction of the room, so it was not used in any way. To date, a niche in the wall has ceased to be perceived as a huge flaw that is not subject to change. It is played up in a variety of ways, and plays both a decorative role and a functional one.
The strange corners and openings that exist in many apartments are quite difficult to beat. The problem is greatly complicated if there are doorways, windows or stairs near the niche. You should not despair, since such an insignificant space can be used for its intended purpose, giving it excessive practicality and functionality.
The niches found in the corridors can be divided into:
- Horizontal (they are longitudinal openings in the wall);
- Vertical.
It is also worth talking about the use of horizontal niches.
There are a lot of options on how to use a niche in the hallway. The main thing is to follow the rule: the niche should not be overloaded with accessories and decor items.
Horizontal niches are similar to ordinary shelves and, often, they are not a defect in the layout of the apartment. As a rule, designers deliberately create them, allowing them to play an exclusively decorative role in the interior of the corridor. A variety of decorative elements are placed on the surface of the niche: figurines, hourglasses, photo frames, small lamps, scented candles.
Several techniques for arranging vertical niches:
- A small chest of drawers installed in the wall opening will help fill the empty space and can be used as a surface for storing keys, bags, hats or cosmetics. To give the hallway a romantic atmosphere, you can place lamps next to the chest of drawers. An ottoman, a small sofa or an armchair will help fill a niche in the wall.
- A cabinet for shoes will allow you to give a small wall opening practicality and functionality.
- Console table on four legs with a mirror will serve well. It can be used as a dressing table, or you can store the necessary perfume items on the surface.
Using one of the methods, you can rationally use the unused space.
Corridor Wall Niche Lighting
With the right arrangement of lighting, a niche can be an excellent decor element in the hallway. In vertical wall openings, halogen lamps are the most popular lighting. If a niche is developed by a designer, then in the process of its design, the location of the lamps is marked. As a rule, they are located in paired planes. For example, it can be lamps located in the upper left and right corners.
Before the location of the lighting system, you need to take care of the presence of electrical parts, without resorting to dismantling the wall.
For lighting horizontal niches in the hallway, LED strips are the most relevant, since their operation requires less electricity.
In addition to spotlights and LED lamps, diffused light is no less popular. To create it, a powerful incandescent lamp is used. It is located in the upper part of the niche and is covered with frosted or colored glass.
Using a niche in the corridor
In Khrushchev and Brezhnevka, wall openings are often empty, since it is quite difficult to find a use for them. The corridor is not a kitchen, in the opening of which you can place household appliances. You can’t put flowers in the corridor, as the lack of sunlight will negatively affect them.
In order for the niche in the hallway to be functional and practical, it should be used as a place to store things.
The most rational solution for the corridor is to place a closet in a vertical wall opening. It will look advantageous against the background of the hallway, rather than the walls that bother everyone.
Advantages of a cabinet built into a niche:
- Before creating built-in furniture, the specialist carefully measures the vertical niche. The sliding wardrobe completely adjoins to walls and a ceiling, without forming emptiness. Otherwise, there is a possibility of accumulation of dirt and dust in open places.
- Built-in furniture looks solid and elegant in the wall opening, allowing you to store warm winter things in it.
- The cost of the cabinet is much cheaper than conventional cabinet furniture. This is due to the fact that during its installation, there is no need for some details: the rear and side walls.
- If you equip a niche with a wardrobe, there is a great opportunity to think about its content on your own: boxes for gloves and scarves, nets for shoes, shelves for hats, coat hangers for outerwear and trousers.
- When arranging a niche with a sliding wardrobe, the probability of its displacement or overturning during operation is completely eliminated.
- The cabinet installed in the wall opening allows you to save free space.
Like any other furniture, the built-in wardrobe has several drawbacks. During the assembly process, you will have to work hard. It will be quite difficult for non-professionals to assemble it. The wardrobe cannot be moved to another place, and the mounting hardware tends to spoil the walls.
Do-it-yourself installation of a door in a niche in the hallway: subtleties and possible nuances
Sliding doors are installed not only in the closet. They are successfully mounted in a deep vertical niche, preventing the possibility of visually seeing what is inside. Such partitions allow you to use a niche not only as a dressing room. For example, behind the doors you can place a pantry. The pantry will be very convenient in small apartments. It can store household appliances, ironing board, dryer and other things.
You can decorate the doorway in any way you like:
- Installation of drywall as doors. Subsequently, the doors of an impromptu pantry can be painted, pasted over with photo wallpapers, tiled, or natural stone can be used as a decor.
- Use fine wood, chipboard or MDF as sliding doors. Natural wood in itself is an original decor, but on doors made of chipboard or MDF, you can apply photo printing or a floral pattern.
- Plastic panels will be an excellent option for pantry doors.
Sliding doors are convenient because there is no need to rack your brains over creating them yourself. It is necessary to make measurements of the opening, place an order and wait until the goods arrive at their destination.
I would like to note that the ordered sliding doors come to the customer almost ready-made, which makes installation easy and convenient.
Installation of doors is carried out as follows: installation of the upper and lower guides, installation of doors on rails, door adjustment. As you can see, a niche in the corridor is not such a big drawback. It is easily played up and decorated with various interior items.
Types of niches in the hallway: how to equip (video)
Any person more or less well-versed in construction work is able to design a niche, so go for it.
You will succeed!
A niche in the wall is an elegant and functional design element of the room. They have always been valued and used for a variety of purposes. Currently, niches have also not lost popularity. With the help of a niche, it is possible to create an original architectural composition that will become the “highlight” of any interior.
Niche as a design tool
The concept of a modern interior implies the transformation of space and its adaptation to the functional needs of residents. To do this, there are various design techniques, one of which is the creation of a niche in the wall.
In modern interior design, special niches in the wall are increasingly used, which give the room a special appeal and individuality.
At its core, a niche is an opening or recess in a wall. Niches can be large or small, deep or narrow, open or closed, functional or decorative. They can serve as a rack or cabinet, hide layout errors, hide technical communications, and even serve as a fireplace. Niche design styles can also be varied - Asian style (niches are arched or lancet), baroque and empire (with stucco and patterns), as well as minimalist. There are a lot of options for use and decoration.
Using a niche in the apartment
There are quite a few options for using a niche. The main ones are:
- Shelving for books. This is a widely used niche use case. It is better to plan it before the start of the repair. This design is easily equipped on its own and perfectly replaces the cabinet. You only need shelves made of any material and fasteners for them. It is better to think about lighting
before and wire before
start of work.
The shape of the racks depends only on your creativity and courage - you need to give free rein to your imagination - Buffet for dishes. Such a niche is most often made in the kitchen or dining room, but it may not be as deep as a niche for books, and shelves can be made of glass.
A niche in the kitchen is an opportunity not only to use the available space to the maximum, but also to bring diversity and creativity to the design of the kitchen. - Decorative niche for accessories and all sorts of little things. Such niches are usually designed in a special way - they are painted in a color that differs from the main design of the walls, they are finished with mosaics or mirror glass. The backlight will add elegance to the decorative niche.
A niche in the wall can be decorated in any style, the main thing is that this design matches the style of the room in which it is located. - Niche at the head of the bed. In the bedroom, both narrow niches on the sides of the bed, and one wide niche, into which the head of the bed is recessed, are appropriate. Both of them are decorated with spotlights - they will allow you to read in bed or highlight the decor. If a large bedside niche is wider than the bed, then plasterboard shelves can be placed in it, replacing bedside tables. The wall of the bedside niche can be contrasting or wallpapered with a pattern. Decoration can be one large picture or several reproductions.
A niche in the bedroom will perfectly complement the interior and make the room more functional. - Niches in the bathroom. Openings often remain between wired communications, which are used to store detergents, towels or decor. Such openings are decorated with contrasting tiles, decorative mosaics or stone.
In the bathroom, any compartment can be used as additional shelves for storing toiletries or as a decorative element of the interior, where scented candles, plants and other accessories are placed. - Niches for decorative lighting and increasing space. In these niches it is convenient to hang TVs, pictures or equip false fireplaces. Illuminated niches are used as a source of subdued lighting.
To make the firebox of a conditional false fireplace seem larger, the walls of the niche can be decorated with mirror tiles - Niches as a shoe rack in the hallway.
Arranging a niche in the hallway is a great alternative to huge cabinets
The number of recesses in the wall should be not only logical, but also moderate, so as not to turn the room into a continuous rack with dusty shelves.
The arrangement of niches can be asymmetrical or symmetrical. Asymmetrically, niches are placed on free walls or on one of the sections of the wall. Identical niches are placed symmetrically, for example, on the sides of a door or bed. A single niche is called stationary, and those located one after the other are called rhythmic.
For very small rooms, false niches are used, made using moldings. There are also overhead niches made of polyurethane.
Photo gallery: beautiful niches in the interior of the rooms
In the bathroom, niches are used for decor and storage of towels A wall decorated with niches looks laconic and stylish The design of niches should echo the interior Niche - the original decoration of any interior Niches in the kitchen can serve as bottle stands A room with high ceilings is perfect for creating decorative niches Niches can serve as a platform for decoration An interesting design solution - small square niches A niche can serve as a shelving unit and replace furniture Niches located next to each other are best designed in the same style Interesting effects in niches can be created by painting and highlighting various colors Narrow and bright niches will complicate and decorate walls in the bathroom A niche decorated in a different color will serve as a bright, eye-catching accent In the Provence style, niches of different sizes are often used, combined into a single composition Several niches of the same size with different decor serve as an excellent interior decoration A niche can accommodate not only books and a comfortable sofa for reading them. Niches can be of any size and shape. Organizing an aquarium in a niche is a rather complicated and costly task.
Creating a niche in the wall with your own hands
Most often, niches are created at the design stage, but if there is a desire to decorate the room with a niche, then anyone can build it. The main thing is to make sure that the thickness of the wall and the size of the room allow this to be done.
Niche in a brick or concrete wall
Chasing a wall is possible only if it is deep enough and not load-bearing. The weakening of the load-bearing wall can be the impetus for the destruction of the entire building. In a brick wall, you can make a niche to a depth of 0.5 bricks or 1-2 bricks with a sufficient wall thickness.
The best tool for knocking out a niche is a perforator Tools you will need to create a niche in a brick or concrete wall:
- chisel or perforator with a drill;
- grinder with diamond discs;
- hammer.
Stages of designing a niche in a concrete or brick wall:
- Marking the structure, determining the shape of the future niche. We add another 5% of the space for finishing to the calculations.
- Shtroblenie. It is better to dismantle in small areas. First, perforation or drilling of holes is performed along the contour of the future niche. Then, the holes are combined with a grinder. Further, with the help of a chisel, separate pieces of the wall are knocked out.
- Niche reinforcement. A large niche needs to be reinforced. After that, finishing work is carried out.
Diamond blades are used to cut granite, concrete, brick, tile or marble It is difficult to cut a niche in a load-bearing wall, as well as to hollow it out in a brick partition. In such cases, drywall is used. This is the most popular material for arranging false structures, because with the help of drywall you can create both straight and curved samples. In addition to experience with drywall, you will need a detailed plan, building materials and tools.
Drywall - the best material for creating niches Required materials and tools:
- drywall;
- aluminum profile - guide and rack;
- self-tapping screws for metal and plasterboard 3.9x9.5;
- level;
- perforated corners;
- metal scissors or cutter;
- putty;
- spatula, pencil, tape measure;
- reinforcing and polyurethane tape;
- drill and screwdriver;
- thicknesser cutter;
- dowel.
Step by step guide to creating a drywall niche:
- We determine the place for the niche, draw it with the help of a level and an angular ruler. If there is a drawing, then we transfer it to the wall in compliance with the dimensions, taking into account the thickness of the drywall and profiles. If the niche is intended for a TV or other equipment, then we leave free space for air circulation.
The markup is done using the level - We calculate the amount of materials (with a margin) and purchase everything necessary for work.
- We mark on the wall the place where the frame will be attached. To do this, use the level and tape measure. Determine where the wires will go. Markup should be as detailed as possible.
- Assembling the frame. First of all, we attach the main guides to the dowels. We cut the profile to size with scissors or a grinder and form a frame. If the wall is uneven, glue polyurethane tape under the guides.
The frame is attached with dowels - We sheathe the frame with drywall. To do this, we cut the sheets according to measurements and fasten them with self-tapping screws. First we fix the verticals, then the horizontals. We attach the GKL sheet to the front side last. The caps of the self-tapping screws are sunk no deeper than 2 mm.
- The final stage is finishing. First of all, apply a primer in two layers. Each layer should dry well. Then we put putty on the joints and corners, on which we glue the reinforcing tape and put the punched corners. Then we apply the finishing layer of putty and rub it to perfect condition.
Seams are sealed with putty using reinforcing tape - We paint or trim the niche with finishing materials.
The niche is painted in the desired color - We install LED strip or spotlights.
Video: creating a backlit drywall niche
niche finishing
The most popular finishing option is painting the niche to match the rest of the surfaces. A more complex finish is decorating with decorative plaster. It will require special skills, since the plaster is applied in several layers. A budget option is to design a niche with a self-adhesive film or photo wallpaper. Paintable wallpapers, bamboo and fabric coverings, 3D panels or wallpapers are also used.
Wall murals can help visually expand any room or, conversely, reduce its volume - it all depends on the choice of pattern for printing. With the help of 3D wallpaper, you can even simulate an aquarium. The decoration of the niche with mirrors looks beautiful. Designers do not recommend painting the inner surface of the niche in dark colors, as it will resemble a black hole. But the use of glass shelves visually facilitate the interior.
By highlighting the 3D fish wallpaper, you can create the complete impression that you are looking at the seabed or aquarium You should not make a contrasting niche if the rest of the finish is soft and calm, as it will attract attention and shift the center of the interior. If there are contrasting accents in the decor of the room, then the niche can be bright.
Juicy colors in the design of niches will please the eye and cheer up niche lighting
The main niche lighting options are spotlights and LED strip. Wiring for spotlights is costly and complex technical manipulations, it is better to do it at the initial stage of repair. An easier solution would be to use an LED strip. It is mounted when the niche is already completely ready. It's simple enough. Typically, the LED strip is mounted on the inner wall of the niche, but if you want the light to be directed inward, then a special ledge is needed. It is made from a profile and a strip of drywall. Outside, the side is finished with the same materials as the rest of the niche. A piece of the required size is carefully cut off from the bay of the LED strip, so as not to damage the contacts. Then the tape is connected to the power supply and glued to the right place.
The best and easiest lighting option - LED strips How to hide an unnecessary niche
Not every open niche fits into the interior, so sometimes it becomes necessary to hide it with a partition or door. Most often they close niches in the bathroom, especially if there are communications there. For this, sanitary roller shutters, roller shutters or plastic doors are used.
If the niche is large, it can be hidden in various ways.
- Sliding doors, like a closet. Such doors require free space on the sides of the niche.
- Ordinary swing doors. You can use wooden shutters. If the niche is small, then it can be closed with a furniture facade in size.
- Roller blinds (fabric, bamboo, plastic). Choose what will match the style of the room.
- Thick curtains.
- A small niche can be masked with a picture.
- Alteration of a niche into a rack with doors. Such a niche can replace a wardrobe.
You can radically get rid of an unnecessary niche by patching it up. The easiest way is to close the niche with a sheet of drywall. To do this, metal guides are attached to the wall, floor and ceiling, stiffening ribs are placed between them, on which drywall is attached. If the niche is shallow, then it can be covered with cement mortar. A very deep opening is sealed with bricks or tongue-and-groove slabs.
Niches allow you to make the space of the apartment interesting and complex. But it is important to show a sense of proportion - too many niches break up the interior and make it fragmented.