Ventilation in a wooden bath. How to make ventilation in the bath? Types and principles of ventilation arrangement

Sauna is a great place to spend free time, as well as health improvement.

However, a quality stay in it can only be ensured through ventilation.

During the construction of the steam room, a special role is always given to the correct ventilation of the sauna.

This is explained by the following reasons:

Provides fresh air supply.
It is she who is capable distribute oxygen throughout the room evenly and equally warm it up.
Will facilitate rapid purification of accumulated carbon dioxide, which will facilitate the process of staying in such a space.
Due to ventilation in the steam room, correct air circulation, which avoids excessive moisture settling on all wooden surfaces. As a result, the tree will last longer, it will not be covered with a layer of mold and fungus harmful to the human body, and will not rot.
Correct the operation of the oven also directly depends on the air exchange.
The likelihood of suffocation disappears, because quite often a group of people gathers in the steam room, who can drink alcohol to improve their mood. Without an influx of fresh air, it will be almost impossible to breathe in such a room after 30 minutes.
The entire room can be well ventilated and thoroughly dried, which is important for a comfortable stay in it.

Paying attention to all of the above reasons, and asking yourself the question:

Do you need ventilation in the sauna? There is, of course, a definite answer - yes!

The main thing is to do it in a timely manner and correctly, in order to avoid the processes of wood rotting, the presence of drafts and an unpleasant smell in the future, which will not please the visitors of the steam room.

Correct ventilation of the sauna or bath

Access to fresh air and maintaining a constant, high temperature can only be achieved thanks to the presence of ventilation in the Finnish sauna. It cannot exist without exhaust and inflow.

An exhaust hood in a sauna is needed to remove carbon dioxide from it, and the inflow creates all the conditions for pure oxygen to enter the room.

Before starting construction, you need to know about the unchanging rules and regulations for creating it in the bath.

After 25-30 minutes of sauna operation, it often becomes difficult to breathe in it, the head starts spinning and hurting. The reason for this lies in the fact that there is an incorrect change of musty, steam-filled and human sweat-filled air. According to SNIP, the air in such closed spaces must be renewed at least 5-6 times per hour. Moreover, its speed can be at least 20 cubic meters for 60 minutes.
The chimney should not be too narrow. It is better to make its diameter the same as that of the supply air.
The inlet openings may only be placed at the bottom.... The permissible height from the floor cannot be less than 20 cm. It is installed strictly behind the stove. Otherwise, the cold air will not have time to heat up, which will entail the presence of drafts and uncomfortable sensations of people staying in such a closed space.
To know which pipes with which cross-section you need to purchase, you should take into account certain norms and rules: per 1 cubic meter of the room to be equipped, there must be a pipe with a cross section of at least 24 centimeters.
The inlet and outlet openings cannot be opposite each other.
It is imperative to think about the possibility of adjusting the air flow by decreasing or increasing it. This can be done by means of valves that are installed in the vents of the bath.
Often in the sauna, a gap is left between the bottom of the door and the floor. due to the absence of a threshold or its very low height... It is needed for natural exhaustion in a Finnish sauna.

The oxygen movement pattern will look correct only if there is more than one hood in the room in question. Paying attention to where the inflow is located, the first exhaust hole is equipped strictly on the opposite side of it at a height of up to one meta. The second must be done directly under the ceiling. The main thing at this stage of work is to connect both holes with a single box leading to the chimney or a common exhaust duct.

Let's take a look at how the Finnish sauna works:

Before starting the steam room, it should be thoroughly ventilated to freshen the air.
Close the outlets and doors with the help of valves, which will allow the air in the steam room to heat up quite quickly.
The inlet valve remains open. This is done in order to avoid air discharge.
After waiting for the room to warm up completely, we monitor the proper ventilation in the sauna. To do this, slightly open the lower channel. This is how the gradual movement of oxygen begins. It should be remembered that the upper channel should not be opened in order not to let well-heated air out of the bath. Fresh, cool air, after entering through the supply channel, slowly warms up due to the stove and immediately begins to gradually displace the air, which has already had time to stagnate.

Such a system will not be perceptible for people if its preliminary installation is performed correctly, adhering to all the advice and recommendations of specialists. While in it, vacationers will not even feel discomfort and will enjoy a pleasant temperature and comfortable humidity.

An equally important role is played by the stove, which is equipped either in the steam room, or in a separate room. It is made of metal and lined with bricks on the outside. Performs the following functions in the sauna:

Heats up the total area of the room.
Heats up the water.
Produces steam.

When choosing this device, you should be guided by the following criteria:

Size is fine if the oven is small to save space.
Must be reliable and secure.
Have the ability to quickly heat up.
Have a low cost.
It must have a long shelf life in order to constantly withstand heavy loads and temperature changes.
When choosing a stove, first of all, consider its power and size in relation to the size of the sauna.

Views

Today, there are three types of ventilation in the sauna. Let's consider each of them in more detail.

Natural

Occurs due to pressure drops indoors and outdoors. Differs in low costs for installation work, as well as ease of use. This is done in the following ways:

Due to the wind pressure, which is possible only in buildings made of a log house. Indoor air pressure arises from powerful gusts of wind, which create significant air pressure on the leeward side. The movement of air in and out occurs through the gaps between the logs.

The disadvantage of this type of ventilation is that it cannot be regulated, which directly affects the temperature inside the bath.

As a result of strong wind, drafts are possible, which also causes no less inconvenience for vacationers.

Thanks to aeration. Its meaning lies in the penetration of air masses directly from the street through the bottom of the room, in which there are special vents. Outside air, getting into the sauna, squeezes out the hot stream from above and directs them into the air duct. This sauna ventilation system is perfect for rooms with very hot air and a lot of steam. Oxygen circulation is very fast here.

Mechanical

It is equipped only when it is impossible to make supply ventilation in the sauna. That is why it is also called forced. It consists of rather expensive elements: coolers, heaters, fans and air filters.

To achieve the outlet of the treated air from the room, with forced ventilation in the sauna, exhaust fans are used, on which filters are necessarily installed.

This type of ventilation is used in very large rooms where there are swimming pools, showers and a huge number of visitors. It keeps the air free from steam, sweat and unpleasant odors in a short time.

Using mechanical ventilation, a forced flow of oxygen is applied. This is achieved due to a very complex system that has the following components:

Supply chamber.
Noise reduction mechanisms.
Diffusers.
Check valves.
Distribution grilles.

To make the supply air comfortable when entering the room, it is pre-cleaned and heated.

Combined

It is used in baths only if this is directly due to the peculiarities of their structure. Thus, a sauna located in a house and bordered by its three walls with a common dwelling cannot have natural ventilation. At the same time, it will not be possible to arrange the inlet and outlet openings according to all the rules. Therefore, observing the norms, it is allowed to equip the inlet at a height of at least 20 cm from the floor, and the exhaust outlet is located on the same wall at the same distance from the ceiling.

The principle of operation of such air exchange consists in the ingress of cold air into the room, passing it through the stove, heating and circulation throughout the sauna.

Be sure to install valves that regulate the flow on all holes.

The disadvantage of such a system is the rather strong speed and amount of air masses.

In some cases, the supply duct is not mounted under the heater, but above it. In this case, the outlet is placed on the opposite side a few centimeters higher. This will reduce the air flow, but there is not enough rice. To avoid this, a fan is additionally installed in the outlet duct.

Ventilation system diagrams

There are three device diagrams:

Expressway consists in installing the supply channel strictly behind the stove at a level of 20 cm from the floor. Be sure to place an exhaust hole on the opposite wall at the same distance, inside which a fan is placed.

Street air, getting into the room, instantly warms up due to the stove already hot at that time. Then it rises to the ceiling, cools down a little, lowers it down and is taken out of the bath. Thanks to this air flow, the most comfortable temperature for the human body is achieved, because all air masses are mixed gradually and evenly.

If the sauna is located inside an existing room and it has only one wall bordering the street, the inlet and outlet channels are mounted on this surface. Main conditions: they are located at the same distance from the floor and ceiling (20 cm) directly opposite the stove. So, at the top there is a forced outflow, and at the bottom - an inflow.

With this scheme, the air entering the room is immediately directed to the stove and gradually heats up, after which it is discharged outside.

The mildest heating of air masses is achieved through the use of this scheme. Its principle lies in the location of the inlet channel behind the stove at a height of 60 cm from the floor, and the outlet with a fan just on the opposite wall at a height of 20 cm from the floor.

Oxygen from the street, penetrating into the room, heats up and rises. Already slightly cooled air masses leave the structure. Due to the slower flow, the stay in such a sauna becomes very comfortable.

Sauna ventilation device

When planning to make ventilation in the sauna with your own hands, one should not forget that it is necessary to ensure high-quality air exchange of the floor of this room. Otherwise the room will quickly become unusable, and the floor covering will not be able to last more than 3 years.

Floor ventilation involves the following stages:

When erecting the concrete base, install vents on opposite walls of the basement. If the foundation has already been built, then any interference with its integrity can significantly affect the quality of the entire structure.
In opposite walls, cut through holes for air intake, which are recommended to be covered with metal grilles. This will prevent various rodents and insects from entering the room.
When setting up the stove, the blower should be slightly lower than the upper level of the floor, which will allow it to work as a hood.
When installing floorboards, it is necessary to leave small gaps between them, the size of which should not exceed 10 mm. This will allow water to flow naturally through the floor.

Let's consider how to make ventilation in the sauna, depending on its location.

Ventilation in a sauna with an electric heater:

Be sure to leave a gap of skyscrapers up to 5 cm under the door.
The inlet channel is placed under the stove.
Outlets are made on the opposite wall: one above the floor, the other below the ceiling.
For proper operation, the holes are connected with a box that is led out into the chimney or the entire ventilation system of the house.
Shutters are installed on the air ducts, which makes it possible to regulate the flow.

Ventilation of a sauna in a private house presupposes the presence of an ideal waterproofing material in such a room.

Most often it is located near the bathroom, because it already has its own hood, which facilitates the process of connecting two air exchanges.

The ventilation in the basement sauna is connected via ducts to the general system of the house. In these types of baths, an electric stove is installed on the floor or hung on the wall.

Do not forget about ventilation errors in a home sauna:
Air duct schemes need to be thought out in advance.
Lack of under-door clearance and air inlet may result in suffocation.
Providing a vent only for air outflow results in no air circulation.
The absence of valves results in an inability to regulate the flow.
The entry and exit channels are placed opposite each other at the same level, which leads to the presence of drafts.
Expensive equipment should not be used for ventilation, because constant temperature fluctuations will quickly require repair and, possibly, renewal of some components.

How much is it

When planning to make ventilation in the sauna with your own hands, you need to know that its cost will cost about 24-38 thousand rubles. Everything will depend on the cost of the components.

The ventilation valve can be purchased for 650-1500 rubles.
Lattice for 300-400 rubles.
Supply and exhaust system for 18,500 rubles.

The creation of a high-quality air exchange system is an important part in the operation of a sauna, therefore, the choice of its components, as well as the installation process, must be thoughtfully and timely.

Without good ventilation in the steam room, you will not get real pleasure from the bath, and for people who cannot boast of good health, it is completely dangerous to go to such a bath. In this article, we will tell you how to make ventilation in a bath, and analyze the "classic without ventilation ducts": how our ancestors ventilated the steam room and how it might look in a modern solution.

Volley ventilation in the Russian bath
Do you need additional ventilation holes in the Russian bath
The device of proper ventilation in the bath with your own hands on the experience of the participants of our portal

Volley ventilation: proper ventilation in the steam room

In the classic Russian bath, two ventilation schemes were usually used:

volley ventilation, providing a sufficient amount of air while vaping;
ventilation to dry the steam room after use.

Volley ventilation is carried out through an open door and window. We emphasize that this is a humid steam bath, not a sauna.

I build for myself Participant of FORUMHOUSE

I had to quarrel with the customer and insist that an opening for the window be cut in the wall with a thickness of 500 mm.

To obtain breathing air in the steam room, there is enough window next to the shelf and the door to the dressing room. The window and door must be opened between calls while we are resting. Then we return to the steam room, close the window and door and steam ourselves again.

To dry the steam room, a small air is made in it (there are different options: some make it in the far corner under the ceiling, others, on the contrary, under the shelf). After using the baths, open:

this little air
window in the washing or dressing room.

This creates a stream of air that ventilates the room and removes moisture from it.

In the photo: the bathhouse of our user with the nickname Vasisdas.

For a FORUMHOUSE user with the nickname Nomadic, the ventilation in the bath is made as follows: the air supply is under the furnace, the outlet is diagonally under the ceiling. Usually everyone is steaming with a closed hood, but sometimes it is opened, “if the steaming is not extreme,” in which case natural ventilation works.

When you want to freshen the air in the steam room after several passes, the hood opens, a shock dose of boiling water splashes into the heater.

Nomad

All the old steam is kicked out of the hood. After that, I wave the doors a little, creating an additional stream, put in a new wormwood, close the window, and the steam room is as good as new, as if they hadn't been steaming there.

The method "from the grandfather"

There is also an interesting way of airing the bath, which has come down from our ancestors, which EsKor, a member of our portal, saw in the bathhouse "at a gray-haired grandfather's." In this bathhouse, the only specially made means of ventilation was an outlet a meter above the floor, under the shelf. What is the meaning of such an outlet? It turned out that the gray-haired grandfather "refreshed" the air in the steam room in much the same way as the Nomad, only he prepared a bucket of ice water in advance and poured it on the shelf either a moment before or immediately after a shock dose of water was charged into the heater.

EsKor

The grandfather explained that cold water that falls on the floor from the shelf draws steam down, and he grabs the stale air with him and flies away into the vent. No mysticism, physics explains this matter well.

Cold water cools the steam, condensation occurs, a decrease in pressure causes an increased flow of air above the steam layer, and the steam literally falls from the ceiling.

It is clear that this method is not suitable for dry air baths and for steam rooms with a solid floor and no drain.

Different ventilation schemes for the Russian bath

Let's see how such a ventilation system works on the examples of several baths of the FORUMHOUSE participants.

Here is the bathhouse of our member with the nickname Vasisdas.

Vasisdas

All ingenious is simple! Heater stove, door, window and solid wood. Learning to use this is a matter of technique.

How the window in the steam room was made: a double-glazed window from the side of the bathhouse facade, a ventilation gap in the thickness of the wall cake, a decorative window on the side of the steam room. This avoids unnecessary heat loss and is simply beautiful.

Our member with a nickname I build for myself small combined steam-washing room, 2.5 by 2.1 and 2.1 m high.

The ventilation system includes:

the window at the shelf is 300x300mm along the frame, the opening itself is 200x200;
airflow in the upper rim under the ceiling 150x150mm;
airflow at the floor under the shelf 150x150 mm.

The overhead vent is always closed, it is only opened to dry the steam room after use. Also, our user sometimes opens it to create a softer regime for his wife and daughter.

All holes are closed during vaping. The height of the window is well matched, the heat is not blown out of the steam room.

During vaping, two types of ventilation are used:

simple ventilation: you leave the steam room, open the window and leave the door ajar.
quick ventilation through the window in the steam room and the window under the shelf.

To dry the steam room, all openings and windows are opened.

I build for myself

The air from the street through the dressing room window goes along the floor to the lower air duct under the shelf (draft), partially warming up from the still hot stove and rises above the shelf into the upper air duct. Under the floor there is a draft from the air vents in the basement. In winter, I close them for vaping.

Such "old ways" of ventilation of a bath, without arrangement of ventilation ducts, our user considers justified and quite sufficient with a heat-intensive stove.

This is how the ventilation in the bathhouse of our participant with the nickname Mikhalych Titov is arranged. The inflow is made through a hole in a half-brick in the side wall.

If you look from the street, it looks like this.

The downward branch, into which the condensate flows, is closed with a screw cap. The entrance from the sink is made for a stove.

When building a bathhouse, a member of our portal with the nickname Chagav attached particular importance to ventilation. In the rest room, he made forced ventilation (one inlet and two exhaust), and natural ventilation in the steam room.

If desired, air enters the steam room from the street - pipes are poured into the foundation, corrugated stainless steel passes through the stones of the furnace. It opens and closes with a latch.

Bath procedures are not only one of the good ways to maintain hygiene, but also the ability to remove accumulated harmful substances and toxins from the body. However, for a visit to be comfortable and beneficial, a good one is necessary to exclude the possibility of mold and mildew formation due to high humidity. Ventilation in the bath, equipped by specialists or with your own hands, will allow you to ensure the flow of fresh air into the room and remove exhaust gases and vapors resulting from the operation of the heater and the use of hot water.

Read in the article

Do you really need ventilation in the bath or can you do without it?

The functions of sauna ventilation are complicated by the fact that it should facilitate a fairly rapid removal of moist air from the premises and qualitatively regulate the temperature in the steam room. It is especially important to have a good exhaust system for baths equipped with gas and solid fuel - to maintain the combustion process in such structures, an impressive volume of air is required. Failure to ventilate will result in an excessive concentration of carbon dioxide, which is harmful to human health and can lead to loss of consciousness.

Inexperienced craftsmen try to carefully insulate the premises, sealing up the smallest gaps in order to increase the heating rate of the steam room and keep it warm for a longer time. However, this is not the right approach, since ventilation holes are required. Competently arranged allows:

create a healthy microclimate in the bath;
reduce the concentration of moisture and quickly dry the premises;
get rid of carbon dioxide;
quickly warm up the steam room and other bath rooms;
eliminate stagnant and unpleasant odor;
get rid of pathogenic fungi and mold;
keep the interior decoration of the premises in its original form.

From the above, it becomes clear how important the device is in the bath of the exhaust system. Before making ventilation in the bath, you must first learn about its types and basic installation schemes.

Effective ventilation in the bath - scheme and device

Before you further deal with the exhaust system and start arranging it, you should know that ventilation is natural and forced. There are also differences in ventilation systems and their schemes depending on the location. Well, now about everything in order.

Natural ventilation

This option is optimal for most baths, since it is the cheapest and most effective. The location of the ventilation holes must be determined based on the size of the room, the location of the heater and shelves, as well as the material from which the bath is built. Whatever the ventilation schemes in the baths, there is one general rule - the inlet opening should be located at a height of 20-30 cm from the floor level, and the exhaust outlet at the same distance, but from the ceiling.

The dimensions of the vents should be approximately 300-400 mm 2. If the air exchange is too fast, which will cause a decrease in the temperature in the steam room, the ventilation openings must be covered with special regulating dampers. To improve the appearance, it is advisable to mount decorative grilles on vents, which can be easily bought in specialized stores or made by hand.

However, this type of ventilation is not suitable for a steam room. All ventilation openings (inlet and outlet) must be at the same level from the floor. Thus, the incoming air flows are heated from the oven and rise upward, while the cooled air flows downward and fall into the exhaust vents. To preserve heat in the room, the openings can be closed with special shutters.

Forced ventilation

Mechanical movement of air is carried out by installing special devices on the ventilation openings (). This will allow you to quickly renew the air, which is very important, especially in the washroom. This ventilation option is well suited in cases where it is installed in the bath.The forced exhaust scheme in the bath has a number of advantages over the natural one:

there is the possibility of filtering incoming air masses;
maintaining a given microclimate;
even distribution of heated air.

For large volumes of fresh air to enter the steam room, it is necessary that the ventilation holes are located diametrically to each other. When installing, do not place the inlet and outlet vents at the same level in order to exclude the closure of the air flows, which will cause the concentration of cooled air at the bottom, and on the contrary it will be very hot at the top.

Important! Since high humidity and high temperature are the main enemies of any electrical equipment, the fan case must have reliable moisture protection, and the connection must be made in full compliance with the PUE.

The advantage of forced ventilation is the accelerated air exchange and advanced control parameters. Such an exhaust system is equally effective regardless of the strength and direction of the wind, as well as weather conditions.

Floor ventilation device in saunas

Bath floors are used in extreme conditions. The impact of moisture on the floor is carried out both from the bottom from the side of the soil and from above. The most difficult conditions are created in the steam room, where hot steam comes into contact with the wooden floor covering, cooling and condensing. The resulting condensation penetrates into and creates a favorable environment for the development of mold and mildew.

An effective floor ventilation system allows you to prevent the damaging effects of mold and remove excess steam. Ventilation of the floor can be carried out naturally or forcedly. However, for efficiency, when constructing a ventilation system, it is necessary to adhere to the following conditions:

prevent the floor from cooling during the adoption of procedures;
ensure fast and efficient drying, but it is important not to overdo it in order to prevent cracking of the wood;
the arrangement of the ventilation system must be performed even at the construction stage.

When locating ventilation vents, it is necessary to take into account the climate, wind conditions, landscape, sources of pollution, as well as internal factors - the type and location of the heater, the design of doorways, the presence of vents. Most often, ventilation vents are located at 3 different levels:

under flooring or in;
under the heating structure or at the level of its foundation;
in the wall at a distance of 350-450 mm. from floor level (best done behind the heater).

Ventilation under the floors in saunas has a number of advantages. In addition to eliminating condensation and improving the drying quality of the flooring, the air flow from below does not form drafts and, therefore, ventilation can also be used during the bathing procedures. For greater efficiency, it is important to correctly create a drainage system to remove wastewater outside the building.

Creation of air exchange in the basement of the bath

The creation of an exhaust system in the bath is extremely necessary, since it not only allows you to prevent the formation of mold, but also to protect the building from being damaged by rot. The characteristics of the ventilation system are calculated at the design stage. The type and location of ventilation in baths largely depends on the prevailing winds, relief and the presence of reservoirs, which often cause flooding of buildings.

You can ensure normal air circulation by arranging several holes, the number and dimensions of which are calculated in accordance with the dimensions of the bath. The diameter of the vents must be at least 110 mm. Ventilation openings are usually made opposite each other. In the event that the building is located in a lowland, densely surrounded by other buildings, or there are natural barriers to the free movement of air flows, then vents must be arranged on all sides of the foundation, since this is the only way to achieve high-quality ventilation.

Ventilation system in saunas in steam rooms

Traditionally, a sauna stove is installed in the steam room, which forms the basis. The air from the steam room passes through the blower, which ensures good circulation. To obtain the maximum outflow of air masses, the stove should be installed below the level of the finished floor, and to start the ventilation process of the room, it is enough to slightly open the window or the front door. The disadvantage of such a ventilation scheme in the steam rooms of the baths is that when there is no combustion process, the air circulation stops.

In addition to the heater, ventilation in the steam room is provided by additional openings with special dampers to regulate air exchange. After each bath procedure, you should open it for a while, otherwise the air in the room will be heavy and humid, and there is also a risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.

When the furnace is fired and the room is heated, the ventilation in the steam room must be closed. After the steam room has completely warmed up, the exhaust flaps can be opened. In order to exclude the formation of reverse thrust, it is necessary at the stage to make sure that the exhaust openings are larger in area than the supply openings.

In the event that the stove is not installed in the steam room itself, then a different ventilation scheme is used in Russian steam baths. Near at a height of 300 mm. an inlet opening is made from the floor level, and an exhaust opening is arranged at a distance of 300 mm on the wall opposite to it. from the ceiling. Sometimes the inlet is made at the bottom of the wall behind the stove so that the air coming from the street heats up from the stove and the room cools down moderately. On the wall opposite from the heating device, 2 holes are made, which will form a single exhaust duct. The first opening is located at a height of 1,000 mm. from the floor level, and the other under the ceiling. With this ventilation scheme, the steam room warms up faster and, accordingly, saves fuel.

Air exchange device in the washroom

In the washing room, as well as in the steam room, there is high humidity, which contributes to the appearance of mold and mildew. To avoid this, it is necessary to create an effective ventilation system in the washing baths. In the washing room, a large amount of moisture accumulates under the floor, therefore, to drain it, it will be enough to lay an asbestos pipe, one end of which is under the floor covering, and the other is led out to the roof and equipped with a deflector.

Creation of effective controlled ventilation in bath sinks will ensure dryness, moderate temperature, fresh air flow, carbon monoxide removal and fuel economy.

Ventilation scheme in dressing rooms

The proximity of the dressing room to the steam room leads to the fact that condensation settles on the wooden surfaces of the sheathing. To preserve the cladding and prevent decay processes, the room must be well insulated and drafts excluded. The simplest ventilation scheme for a dressing room is to remove humid air through a washing or. It is best to organize a forced-type ventilation system for this room.

How to properly ventilate the bath

Having more or less dealt with the ventilation system in the bath, you also need to take into account other important points. The hood must not:

cause a violation of the temperature regime in the premises;
allow cold air to rise to the ceiling;
remove fresh air from the room.

The principles by which the correct ventilation of the premises is created in the bath depends on the architectural features of the structure of the building. In the event that special slots for water drain are provided in the floors, then fresh air can flow through them and there is no need to make additional exhaust openings.

Often, small windows are made, which, when opened, act as a hood. In addition, if the heater's firebox is located directly in the steam room, then ventilation is even easier - just open the combustion chamber and adjust the air exchange by changing the position of the damper. These are the simplest, but most effective and low-cost options for a ventilation system.

Features of air exchange in frame baths

If air is circulated in or through the rows of lower rims, then in frame-type buildings sheathed with a large amount of heat-insulating material, there is no natural ventilation and for this reason it is necessary to provide for the creation of special openings with dampers.

The most effective system for a bath is supply and exhaust ventilation. To organize high-quality air exchange, it is necessary to create two channels. One of them is located near the floor and serves to inflow fresh air into the room (if necessary, you can install a fan), and the second is located at a short distance from the ceiling and is necessary to remove hot and humid air masses and carbon monoxide. Ventilation openings in frame baths should be equipped with special control valves.

When designing a ventilation system, the size and shape of the steam room and the location of the heater must be taken into account.

Chopped sauna ventilation

In the Russian bath, where steam was traditionally prepared by hand, forced air circulation schemes are not suitable. In order for natural-type ventilation in wooden baths to promote healing, the following schemes should be adhered to when creating it:

to provide the possibility of ventilation (creation of windows, door and ventilation openings);
the upper borders of doors and windows should be at the same level;
for small steam rooms, simple ventilation is enough;
a stove with a chimney is a natural extraction of exhaust air and gases;
for normal air exchange, you can equip a ventilation inlet with a damper and an exhaust outlet under the ceiling next to the heater.

The device of good ventilation in the bathhouse from the log house is a very important point, since it is necessary to exclude the accumulation of excess moisture, which negatively affects the wooden structure and can cause the development of pathogenic fungi and mold.

Ventilation system in a brick building

You should think about arranging ventilation in brick baths even at the construction stage. Since the presence of natural air circulation is not provided for in a brick building, the number and location of openings should be taken into account in advance.

The air exchange system in a natural way is identical to the one that is arranged in the Russian bath - the inlet is located next to the stove, and the exhaust is under the ceiling. However, if the bath is designed for a large number of people, then you should think about creating a forced ventilation system.

The fan must be installed at the inlet of the master exhaust duct on. To speed up the air circulation, several exhaust pipes are installed, but it may be necessary to install supply valves so that the air masses are not discharged due to the difference in the volumes of the supply and extract air. A too powerful fan can lead to the same problem, and a device that does not correspond to the area of the room in terms of power will not be able to perform its functions normally and the air exchange in the steam room will be rather weak.

Ventilation Bastu

Recently, new and more efficient solutions have been found to create ventilation systems. Such novelties include the ventilation scheme in the Bastu bathhouse. This system is very popular among Russians due to its ease of installation and high efficiency.

The ventilation principle according to Bast is as follows. The hot stove acts as a heat pump and draws in air from the supply duct. Cold streams, passing through, heat up very quickly and rise to the ceiling. Naturally, they push an equal volume of near-field air through the exhaust duct. In the ventilation system Bastu supply and exhaust openings are located at the bottom.

For the device of such ventilation, two stainless pipes are required - the lower one is installed diagonally from the heater at a height of 200 mm. from the floor, and the top above the stove. Both exits must be equipped with louvered grilles. However, like all natural ventilation systems, Bastu can only work when the oven is running or when there is a strong wind outside.

The main advantage of the Bastu ventilation installed in Russian baths is the ease of installation, which can be done independently, thereby saving your money.

Competent ventilation device in the bath

Normal ventilation can only be provided if the conditions for the inflow of fresh air and the removal of exhaust air are created in the room. Despite common concepts - ventilation is not entirely true, since it is always supply and exhaust. The principles of ventilation for any premises are practically the same - fresh air enters through the inlet and is discharged through the exhaust.

When calculating ventilation systems, it is necessary to take into account the volume and purpose of the premises, the presence or likelihood of the formation of carbon monoxide or other chemical compounds harmful to health. Normative acts establish the frequency of air exchange within an hour, which can fluctuate 1-10 times or more. Next, the parameters and location of future air ducts are determined, taking into account the climatic zones and weather conditions typical for the area. In the event that natural ventilation is not able to provide the required air exchange rate, then forced-type systems are used.

Where to place the window in the bath?

The windows in the bath are not only a source of light, but also a way of ventilation. There is a misconception that the window in the steam room adversely affects the safety of the steam in the room and the temperature. However, experienced bath attendants are advised to make even two windows in the steam room. One window is located above the shelves, and if the steam turns out to be too hot or someone feels unwell, then just open the window and everything will be in order. The second window is placed under the shelves, which allows you to dry the loungers quite quickly. It is made small and opaque.

Important! According to safety precautions, bath windows must open inward.

It is also worth installing a window in the washing room. It will not only help ventilate the room, but also urgently evacuate in case of fire. The dimensions of the window should be such that an average-sized adult can crawl through it. Some bathhouse owners are interested in the question: can it be installed? If in the washing room, then yes. However, in the steam room, where the temperature reaches a hundred and above, the material from which the windows are made will begin to emit toxic substances and warp. For windows in the steam room, it is best to use non-resinous wood. You can easily install a window in a bathhouse with your own hands, since the technology is no different from installing it in a residential building.

A grate made of wood or heat-resistant plastic and a metal mesh will prevent insects and pets from entering the room. A corrugated hose or a galvanized pipe is usually used as an air duct. Experts do not recommend installing plastic pipes in the steam room, since they are not designed for operation at high temperatures.
It is advisable to install the fan only on one, for example, on the supply air. The fans used for baths must be made of heat-resistant materials and have good sealing.
A video on how to make a fan with your own hands will more clearly show the process (a bladeless version is presented):
Vent valves
The ventilation valve for the bath is mounted in the supply and exhaust ducts. There are two types of this device - KIV (air infiltration valve) and KPV (forced ventilation valve). Outwardly, they practically do not differ from each other, and the principle of their operation is the same. The outer part of the damper is equipped with inclined louvers to exclude the ingress of water from the outside, and the inner part is equipped with a head and membranes for sound and thermal insulation.

When installing valves, several recommendations should be followed:
for bath ventilation, it is necessary to install dampers made of heat-resistant materials;
installation must be carried out on the bearing walls of the bath;
it is not advisable to mount the valves on the walls overlooking the or trash can.

Article

Ventilation in the bath is a must. First of all, ventilation is designed to ensure the safety of people who take bath procedures.

Everyone knows that when breathing, a person inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide. In a tightly closed room, he will begin to suffocate after a while. And in the steam room, where the temperature and the concentration of water vapor are high, this will begin to happen even faster.

Having relaxed on the shelf, there is no time to get to the saving one. The price of the wrong ventilation device can be too high.

The second important factor is wood decay. It is very problematic to enjoy and benefit from bath procedures, smelling rot and mold. Therefore, proper ventilation in a Russian bath is a guarantee not only of its benefits, but also of the health of vacationers.

In the photo - rotting wood with insufficient drying of the tree

Experts believe that such a ventilation device in the bath can be considered correct, in which the air in the room is replaced three times in one hour. The ventilation scheme in the bath is selected depending on the type of structure and materials that were used in the construction of the walls.

General principles of ventilation in the bath

The correct design of the bath and ventilation in it, regardless of the type of structure, is based on the following basic principles:

Fresh air that enters the steam room should not violate its temperature regime;
Exhaust air, which contains the most carbon dioxide, should be removed from the room;
The location of the air in the steam room should be layered: the hottest - under the ceiling, on the bench - the most comfortable and cold - near the floor.

Note!
There should be no draft in the steam room!

If all these principles are followed, then the bath procedures will bring the maximum effect for which they are calculated - the restoration of mental and physical strength.

Ventilation device in a freestanding wooden bath

Wood is considered an ideal building material for a bath. Wooden walls "breathe", so the issue of air exchange is partially solved in a natural way.

However, even in a wooden building in a steam room, ventilation is necessary. At least for quick drying of wood after taking bath procedures.

The work of the sauna stove plays an important role in the air exchange processes. When water is poured onto, a column of hot steam is created, which rises upward. As it cools, it sinks, pushing the used air out of the steam room.

Together, the above factors allow you to create the necessary humidity and temperature in the steam room, and ensure normal air circulation.

Let us consider in more detail the ventilation device in wooden baths. The main tasks for us, of course, will be to ensure the flow of fresh air and the removal of already used air. Our instructions will help you cope with these tasks.

Providing air flow

The correct frame is laid in such a way that the lower rims are free. With this arrangement, it is possible to access fresh air from the street.

In addition, in any case, there will be gaps around the door of the steam room, sufficient for its entry. The stove in such baths is placed closer to the door so that it heats up immediately.

If the steam room is designed for 6 or more people, a separate air duct is supplied to the stove, which supports the combustion process. If you make this duct double, then the problem of fresh air intake is solved once and for all.

Exhaust air removal

If the stove is heated directly from the steam room, then the exhaust air is thrown out through the firebox into. If the oven is installed correctly, no additional holes are required.

In order to dry the room after the end of the bath procedures, a small hole (up to 200x200 mm) can be cut through the wall. During heating and operation of the steam room, it is closed with a special plug.

If there is a window in the steam room, such a hole is not needed. Sometimes a window from the steam room is cut into the washing room, and in the washing room either a through hole is made to the street, or one more window. Thus, when drying, two birds with one stone are immediately killed, both the steam room and the washing room are dried.

Thus, the myth that ventilation is not needed for a wooden bath is confirmed when the following conditions are met:

The steam room is designed for 2-4 people;
The lower rims of the log house fit freely;
The stove is heated directly from the steam room;
There is a hole or window in the wall for ventilation.

Actually, such family baths are usually built on personal plots.

Ventilation device in a freestanding brick bath

A brick structure, as well as a structure made of foam concrete, expanded clay blocks and other capital structures, is another matter. Ventilation in a brick bath is more complicated.

The first difference is that floors in a brick building must be ventilated. The thing is that the floors in the bath are constantly in contact with water, and if they are deaf, then the boards will have to be changed about once every three to four years. You don't even need to talk about unpleasant odors and mold.

Ventilation of the floor in the bath is laid even at the stage of foundation construction. For this, special holes are made in the foundation from opposite sides. These holes will provide through air circulation under the floor and drying the log.

The second difference is the mandatory presence of special supply and exhaust openings in the steam room. There may be several of them. Two air inlets are made at floor level and covered with bars to prevent rodents from entering.

For the ventilation device in the bath, there are 4 most popular schemes, from which you can choose the most suitable for you.

Scheme No. 1. The inlet is located behind the stove at a distance of 50 cm from the floor. An exhaust hole is cut in the opposite wall no higher than 30 cm from the floor. A fan for a bath is installed on it, which will provide air circulation.

According to this scheme, the air in the steam room warms up evenly, the incoming air heats up from the stove and rises up. As it cools, it goes down and exits through the outlet. The lower it is located, the stronger the air flow will be. When using a fan, a ventilation valve can be installed at the outlet.

Scheme No. 2. Suitable for those saunas where the stove is heated from a steam room. In this case, the inflow is done directly under the stove. The flow of fresh air is sucked in by the stove, supporting combustion, and provides an inflow directly into the room.

The exhaust hole is located above the floor and a corrugated pipe is connected to it, which rises up to the level of the roof and goes out into the street. In other cases, the ventilation duct is made in the wall.

Note!
If the walls of the bath are made of expanded clay concrete blocks, then the ventilation ducts are best laid during construction.

Scheme No. 3. According to this scheme, ventilation for the bath is arranged through the cracks in the floor. In this case, the inlet is made in the wall near the stove at a height of 30-50 cm from the floor. The air, warming up, rises up and goes out through the cracks between the floorboards into the basement. From the basement space, it is thrown out through a special pipe.

Note! For this type of ventilation to function properly, it is necessary to leave 5-10 mm gaps between the floorboards.

Scheme No. 4. This scheme is suitable when the stove also heats other rooms.

Fresh air is sucked in by the stove through the holes in the floor and, passing through the firebox, goes into the steam room and into the washing room. From the premises, it is removed through the holes located below, above the floor level.

There are also combined ventilation schemes, but for their own device it is necessary to consult a specialist.

To clearly understand how ventilation is arranged in a bath, the video in this article will help you.

A high-quality ventilation system is an indispensable element of the steam room. The absence or improper organization of ventilation in the bath is dangerous to human health. A properly equipped system will protect people from carbon monoxide and improve the comfort of staying in the room. We will talk further about the features and technology of installing the ventilation system in the bath.

Characteristics of proper ventilation for the steam room

Proper ventilation in the bath performs several functions at once:

provides the room with oxygen;
improves the comfort of being in the steam room;
removes carbon monoxide;
allows you to economically use firewood;
evenly distributes air flows;
protects the building from the formation of mold or mildew.

The most optimal ventilation option in the bath is supply and exhaust. For these purposes, equip:

inlet - through them the flow of fresh air into the steam room is organized, a fan with a ventilation tube is installed, additional air flow is provided by open vents or through the door;
exhaust hole - removal of heated air from the room, through the firebox, blower or devices that improve traction.

Various methods are used to improve the supply and exhaust ventilation system. We offer you to familiarize yourself with one of the most efficient ventilation systems:

1. The inlet openings are located at the bottom of the room, next to the firebox.

2. Exhaust holes strictly on the opposite side from the top. It is possible to arrange two openings at once for better air control.

3. The height of the exhaust outlet determines the draft level. If the ventilation opening is low, reinforce the system with a ventilation pipe additionally.

4. With the help of special dampers, air supply from the room is controlled.

5. Air renewal in the steam room is done every 2-3 hours.

In addition, the individual parameters of the ventilation system are determined by the type of room, the version of the bath. For example, in a Russian bath, periodic ventilation will help to refresh the air. In addition, the size and place of installation of the furnace are taken into account; in relation to this parameter, two types of ventilation are organized.

How to make ventilation in a steam room with a separate firebox

We offer the option of organizing ventilation in the steam room, the firebox of which is located in the adjacent room. This scheme is popular in ordinary Russian baths. A combustion tunnel is used to bring the firebox into an adjacent room. Among the advantages of such an arrangement of the furnace, we note:

no garbage in the steam room;
the door to the room opens only at the entrance;
the possibility of installing heat-resistant glass for admiring an open flame.

Two methods are used to mount the supply openings indoors:

1. Arrangement of a ventilation duct in the underground space. Removing it in front of the furnace room, installing ventilation grilles on the channel.

2. Floor ventilation supply.

Install the hood on the opposite wall, diagonally in relation to the inlet.

The main quality of the organization of proper ventilation is that the supply openings must coincide with the exhaust openings in area.

Ventilation scheme in a steam room with a firebox inside the room

If the stove is located directly in the steam room, then the ventilation is organized differently. In this case, the air flow through the blower solves the problem with natural ventilation. This method is appropriate if the fire is constantly in the stove.

If there is no stove in the bath, and the stove is operating in a short-term mode, a more advanced ventilation system is used. Check out the technology for arranging the ventilation system in the steam room:

1. Build a special brick podium on which the stove will be installed. With its help, a ventilation box is brought to the furnace.

2. Lay the ends, build another box of bricks. As a result, the first structure was installed at the top of the stove channel, and the second - to the steam room door.

3. On a wall adjacent to an ordinary room, build doors in the places where the masonry passes. They heat up the next room, if necessary.

4. A stove is installed on the podium, it is possible to mount it on a corner or on steel pictures. Finish the oven with a brick, install a brick screen, with two convection valves.

5. The exhaust ventilation system operates at the expense of the furnace firebox.

Correct installation of the ventilation system is based on its correct adjustment. General rules for controlling the ventilation system:

at the beginning of the furnace, all openings and supply and exhaust openings are closed;
wait for the temperature to increase, then adjust the ventilation holes with the valves;
if it is necessary to increase the volume of oxygen in the room, open the inlet;
upon completion of work, open the doors for better ventilation of the steam room.

Steam room ventilation photo:

Use special devices to determine the temperature and humidity in the room. A thermometer of an alcohol or electric type will help to measure the temperature. Please note that the use of the mercury version is strictly prohibited. Use a hygrometer to determine the humidity level.

The principle of operation of the ventilation system is based on the following factors:

melting the oven, the air gradually heats up and escapes through the convection door;
the lower door remains open until the oven is fully warmed up;
close the door from below and work with the top hatch;
in the process of soaring, only the blower installed on the box opens;
after using the steam room for its intended purpose, ventilate the room well.

DIY ventilation device in the steam room

The main functions of the ventilation system in the bath:

air supply during bathing procedures;
high-quality drying of the room.

The ventilation system in the bath should not:

violate the temperature of the room, in the process of taking bath procedures;
separate temperature flows, that is, cool air is closer to the floor, and warm air is from above;
remove unused air from the steam room.

In addition, the lack of ventilation leads to the appearance of unpleasant air in the room, the formation of mold and mildew, which are harmful to human health.

There are three main types of ventilation in the steam room:

a natural option is the supply of air flows through the pressure difference;
mechanical version - air supply using special mechanisms, when measuring these characteristics with instruments;
the combined option is the creation of artificial pressure by fans and hoods.

Indoors, there are two types of air transportation: supply and exhaust. For these purposes, a hole is equipped, located diagonally in relation to the supply.

It is not recommended to install an exhaust vent in the steam room on the ceiling, this ventilation system increases the heating time of the room. It is rational to install the hood under the ceiling, additionally equipping it with a damper to adjust the draft.

Also, provide a ventilated floor in the bath. This extends the life of the floor covering as it is in constant contact with water. Recommendations for arranging floor ventilation:

1. During the installation of the foundation, provide ventilation of the floors, build vents from the basement part.

2. Install ventilation openings on opposite walls to allow air flow. Install grates on them to avoid rodents.

3. The finishing floor should be slightly higher in level than the blower is located. Thus, it will function as a cooker hood.

4. Install wooden boards with a small gap, at least half a centimeter.

5. After taking bath procedures, ventilate the room well and dry the floors.

Another way of organizing a ventilation system in a bathhouse is “Po Bastu”. In this case, fresh air enters the room from the baking space, and exhaust comes from an opening near the door. For these purposes, construct a wooden exhaust box lined with foil inside.

Install a ventilation duct under the floor, next to the metal sheet to prevent heat from entering it. The size of the structure should not exceed twenty percent. The regulation of the fresh air flow with such a system is quite simple. It is enough to open the ventilation hole and the blower. In addition, it is possible to avoid the accumulation of unpleasant odors in the steam room. This method of organizing ventilation is appropriate if the firebox is located directly in the steam room.

How to organize ventilation in the steam room with your own hands

Place the inlet under the stove 50 cm from the floor and the outlet on the opposite side thirty centimeters from the ceiling. The forced movement of air masses is provided by a fan. Thus, it is possible to ensure uniform heating of the air. The height of the first opening adjusts the draft force of natural ventilation.

Two ventilation holes are located on the same wall, always opposite the stove. The inlet is set at a distance of thirty centimeters from the floor, and the outlet is thirty centimeters from the ceiling. Install a fan in the outlet, cooled air entering the room collides with the stove, heats up and comes out.

Place the inlet behind the stove, about twenty centimeters from the floor. The inlet is installed at the same height, only close to the ceiling of the opposite wall. A hood is installed in the second hole. The principle of operation of the system is based on the ingress of cooled air into the steam room, passing through the oven and pulling it out with the second hole.

This method is relevant for a steam room with a floor that has holes for water drainage. The inlet is installed behind the furnace, and the outlet is a drain pipe through which air is removed to the outside.

Relevant for a bath with a constantly working stove. The inlet is arranged opposite the stove, and the blower with a chimney serves as an outlet

If it is necessary to increase the temperature in the steam room, it is enough to close all the plugs. After taking bath procedures, they are removed. It is quite possible to organize these ventilation schemes on your own, without buying expensive devices and special material investments.

How to do a steam room vapor barrier with your own hands

The vapor barrier in the steam room allows you to maintain the optimum room temperature. Special materials in the form of vapor-proof films, insulation and waterproofing will help to create a high-quality vapor barrier. The film protects the insulation from the penetration of water vapor, while not allowing moisture in the hot air to pass through.

A well-equipped vapor barrier and ventilation system increase the service life of the room itself and its external decoration. Since hot air rises upward, first of all, qualitatively vaporize the ceiling.

For these purposes, use lakhs, boards, about 6 cm thick. From above, they are covered with aluminum-based foil, cardboard with increased density or wax paper impregnated with linseed oil. After fixing one of these materials, the ceiling is finished with clay and insulated.

In addition, an edged board will help to vaporize the ceiling. On the boards, cardboard impregnated with linseed oil is installed, which is then sheathed with wooden clapboard.

Plates made of expanded polystyrene are a modern replacement for soft clay, they are distinguished by good thermal insulation and operational characteristics.

The following are used as vapor barrier materials for the walls of the steam room:

Glassine and roofing felt are rarely used for thermal insulation of a steam room. This is due to the fact that when heated strongly, they emit toxic substances and unpleasant odors. The steam room is vapor-insulated with special foil materials. Combined methods of steam and heat insulation are distinguished. For example, NPP polypropylene, among its advantages, we note:

excellent moisture resistance;
resistance to temperature rise;
laminated coating prevents the development of mold and mildew;
combined heat and vapor insulation.

In addition, it is possible to use roll vapor barrier in the form of roll foil or fiberglass plates. Use foil tape to seal the joints between vapor barrier materials.

The boards are installed on the ceiling with a small expansion gap of 20 mm. Thus, the impact of moisture on these areas is reduced. Please note that the vapor barrier in the steam room should be securely hidden behind the main finishing material, and a high-quality ventilation system is its addition.

Do-it-yourself ventilation in the steam room

Baths, saunas and swimming pools A high-quality ventilation system is an indispensable element of the steam room. The absence or improper organization of ventilation in the bath is dangerous to human health.

Do-it-yourself sauna ventilation: how to do it right

Why do you need to attend to the question of how to properly make ventilation in the bath? How correctly the ventilation in the bath is arranged depends not only on maintaining a comfortable temperature in the dressing room, washing room, steam room, rest room, but also safety, as well as the service life of the building and its parts. When designing a bath and starting its construction, it should be remembered that ventilation in the bath with your own hands should be done taking into account certain subtleties and nuances. With your own hands, with the help of instructions, photos and videos, work can be performed at all stages of the installation of ventilation in the bath and steam room.

Properly arranged ventilation in the bath will ensure a comfortable temperature inside the steam room and extend the life of the wooden elements

The principle of operation of the ventilation system in the bath

The operation of the ventilation system is based on well-known physical laws, and its design is simple and straightforward. For continuous air circulation, two types of openings are required:

Air inlets are needed so that fresh air can enter the room. With the correct ventilation in the bath, they should be located as close to the floor and near the stove. With this arrangement, the incoming air heats up quickly and the high temperature is stably maintained in the bath.

The direction of movement of air masses inside the steam room

Exhaust openings are designed to remove superheated humidified air and carbon monoxide from the steam room. They should be arranged as high as possible, that is, just below the level of the ceiling, and be opposite the supply openings in order to create and maintain a constant air exchange.

Advice! An exhaust opening in the ceiling will lead to a rapid cooling of the room, therefore such an arrangement is undesirable.

There are no difficulties with the fundamental localization of the supply and exhaust openings when arranging ventilation in a bath with your own hands. But the task of maintaining a high temperature in a steam room while effectively removing exhaust air and carbon monoxide from it is not easy.

You also need to pay attention to maintaining the temperature, comfortable for both sanitary and hygienic procedures, and for relaxation, in all parts of the bath: the dressing room, washing room, relaxation room. And if you have to create and implement a ventilation scheme in the bath with your own hands, you should think about the competent performance of the work.

Scheme of correct air circulation in the bath

Types of ventilation

There are two types of ventilation:

Which one to choose when installing a ventilation system with your own hands depends on the design of the bath and the volume of its premises.

Ventilation system with electronic control unit

Natural ventilation

This type of ventilation works due to the difference in temperature and pressure inside and outside the room. Its efficiency depends on the placement of the air inlet and outlet openings. The most suitable solution is the supply openings are located at the floor, at a height of 250-350 mm, next to the stove, and the exhaust openings are on the opposite wall from them, below the ceiling level by 150-200 mm.

The best photos of finishing the bath inside and a description of the stages of work. Steps to follow when renovating a sauna. Recommended materials and installation rules. Waterproofing and wall insulation.

Natural ventilation systems are not suitable for ventilation of a steam room or steam room, since cold air in this room is collected near the floor, and hot air - in the upper part. Setting up the movement of air flows is accompanied by difficulties, but with the correct location of the ventilation elements in the steam room of a Russian bath, it is possible to cope with this problem with your own hands.

Natural ventilation is not suitable for a steam room, it is advisable to equip it in a relaxation room

Forced ventilation

For this type of ventilation in the steam room of a Russian bath or sauna, two subspecies can be distinguished:

Ventilation with the help of special electronic systems that control the temperature and humidity of the air, automatically regulating its intake and filtration. These systems are quite expensive and often run out of budget.
Combined ventilation system, when, due to the use of fans, the effect of natural ventilation is obtained.

Location of ventilation ducts inside the walls of the bath

Dependence of the bath ventilation system on the type of building

Natural ventilation, provided that the vents are correctly located and their sizes correspond to the volumes of the premises, it functions well in a Russian bath, assembled from a log or bar.

The frame building is a sealed structure. It is advisable to use forced ventilation in frame baths. The inlet in the outer wall of the steam room should be additionally equipped with a blower.

In a building made of bricks or foam blocks, only forced ventilation is possible.

The type of ventilation system is selected depending on the materials from which the bath is built

Bath ventilation system planning: subtleties and nuances

Before proceeding with the choice of the ventilation scheme in the bath and the device of its construction with your own hands, you need to understand the intricacies and nuances of design.

Fact! Even small errors in the layout of the inlet and outlet openings lead to undesirable consequences. In the steam room, either the constant air temperature will drop, or the concentration of carbon monoxide will increase.

When building any bathhouse - bath ventilation and its schematic diagram are laid down during the construction process. The question "how to make ventilation in the bath" should be resolved at the design stage.

Ventilation ducts for the dressing room, washing room, steam room, rest rooms and openings for the inflow of fresh air and removal of a mixture of carbon monoxide gases with waste humid and hot air masses must be laid at the appropriate stages of construction. Gate valves and grilles for adjusting the size of inlet and outlet openings and sections of ventilation ducts are installed already at the stage of finishing the premises.

The planning of the ventilation system must be carried out at the stage of developing the design project of the bath room

Basically, the functioning of the bath ventilation depends on two factors:

the dimensions of the ventilation openings - both supply and exhaust - which are determined by the volume of the room, whether it be a dressing room, a washing room, a steam room or a rest room;
the relative position of the ventilation holes.

Vent dimensions

The dimensions of the ventilation openings depend on the volume of a particular room: dressing room, steam room, washing or rest room. It is very important both to accurately calculate the size of these openings, and to ensure the ability to change it. To adjust the gaps in the openings, slide doors and grilles are installed.

Vent with slider for adjusting the fresh air intake

Please note that with large ventilation windows, it will be difficult to heat the room to the correct temperature. There will be either a danger of constant excessive consumption of fuel and electricity, or difficulties with adjusting the cross-section of the ventilation ducts, that is, the distance to which each opening will need to be opened with your own hands.

Advice! The area of the ventilation opening is determined at the rate of 24 cm² per 1 m³ of the volume of the ventilated room. For a good draft of fresh air from the outside, the exhaust opening must be larger than the inlet.

If the area of the ventilation openings is insufficient, the temperature, humidity and carbon monoxide concentration in the room can rise to critical values.

The optimal size of the ventilation opening is calculated at the rate of 24 square cm per 1 cubic meter of room volume

The relative position of the ventilation holes

The operation of any ventilation system is based on the replacement of the masses of heated air that come into motion under the pressure of air coming from outside - colder and heavier. It is important to provide the ability to regulate the direction of the heat flow emanating from the oven installed in the bath. The ventilation in the steam room is often equipped with more than one inlet, but two for this very reason. To localize heat flows, it is enough to create a lumen of a certain width in one of them or in both of them with the help of valves.

Layout of ventilation openings inside the steam room for the inflow of fresh air and removal of contaminated air

Ventilation in the Russian bath

The quality of the bath ventilation system, designed and assembled by hand, is laid down at the project stage.

The air currents circulating in the premises will have different temperatures, but the discomfort from this should be felt as little as possible.

Advice! Comfort in the bath depends not only on the absence of sudden temperature changes "horizontally", that is, when moving from one room to another: from the rest room to the dressing room or from the steam room to the washing room. It is necessary to gently move the air masses vertically: the air temperature at the floor should not be much lower than the temperature at the level of average human height.

The microclimate in the bath directly depends on the number of ventilation openings, their size and location

The uniformity of the intake, mixing and removal of air masses depends on the number of supply and exhaust openings, their sizes, location relative to each other and heating devices, as well as the equipment with additional control devices.

Basic diagrams of the ventilation device in the bath

Any ventilation scheme for a bath is designed with one goal in mind - maintaining the temperature, humidity and freshness of the air in the steam room. The premises of the bath, and especially the steam room, are exposed to water and steam, therefore they need periodic ventilation and drying. But airing and drying will be ineffective if proper ventilation is not organized in the bath. Correct and constant ventilation of the steam bath significantly reduces the effects of the wood absorbing moisture.

The main task of the ventilation of the bath is to maintain the temperature, humidity and freshness of the air in the steam room.

Bath floor ventilation

Air exchange in the bath rooms is facilitated by the device of a ventilated floor.

A wooden floor with constant contact with water loses its validity after 5 years. Requirements for ventilation through the floor:

to create a flow, make small vents in the bath foundation;
lay the floor, leaving gaps of up to 1 cm between the boards;
lay inlet openings in parallel walls (remembering to protect them from rodents with gratings);
for the oven to work with an additional hood, lay the finishing floor above the level of the blower;
after using the bath, leave the doors open until the floor in the room is dry.

Scheme of arrangement of a ventilation system in a sauna

Ventilation in the bathhouse dressing room

With your own hands, in the presence of photo and video instructions, ventilation in the rest room of the bath and in the dressing room is easiest to do, since there is no direct contact with water in them. Natural or combined type of ventilation is used, when fresh air enters through the supply channel and is removed with a fan through the exhaust channel of the steam room, vestibule or bathroom. It is also possible to install ventilators, which will require a direct outlet to the street and a power supply connection.

In the dressing room, you can arrange a natural or combined type of ventilation

Ventilation in the washing bath

For air exchange in a washing room, a forced ventilation system is often made, which is driven by an electric motor. Air flows are led out towards the vestibule. The supply and exhaust ducts are made of the same section, the entrance of the first is set above the ground level (by 2 m), and the outlet of the second is above the roof.

Ventilation in the steam room bath

The requirements for the microclimate of the steam room are special. It should warm up quickly, it should maintain an optimal humidity level and be free of drafts. Therefore, for the steam room, the correct position and dimensions of the supply and exhaust channels, which are laid during construction, are relevant. To regulate the inflow and outflow of air, dampers in the vents are sufficient, but with a large volume of the room, an injection or exhaust fan may be needed.

Scheme of arrangement of ventilation in the steam room

The above general principles for designing ventilation in a bath, videos and photos, attached to instructions from network or other resources, should help those who want to build a bath with their own hands to bring this desire to concrete embodiment.

Do-it-yourself sauna ventilation: how to do it right

Do-it-yourself ventilation in the bath - why do you need ventilation in the bath, how to make ventilation in the bath yourself, the principles of the device, diagrams, instructions, photos, videos.

Ventilation in the bath with your own hands

In the process of arranging a bath, special attention should be paid to the issue of organizing high-quality ventilation. Without proper air exchange, the steam room will simply be impossible to use normally. If desired, all work on the installation of the necessary systems can be done by hand. It is enough just to understand the procedure for laying and connecting the main units and do everything in accordance with the instructions.

Why do you need ventilation in the bath?

Why ventilation is needed in the bath

Bath ventilation is very important. To avoid protracted and not very interesting explanations, you can consider everything with a specific example.

The bath visitor stays in a room filled with a lot of hot steam. The person breathes in this vapor. It is known that people breathe oxygen, and they already exhale carbon dioxide. In the absence of sufficient air exchange, after a while, a person will simply get sick.

That is why ventilation in the bath should be as efficient as possible and made in full accordance with the technology. There are several types of ventilation systems. Explore the specifics of each option and choose the method that best suits your case.

Steam room ventilation

Ventilation systems are installed to solve two main tasks, namely:

ensuring the flow of clean air into the bath;
removal of exhaust air from the steam room.

Additionally, ventilation provides faster and better drying of the steam room. It is necessary to study the features of existing ventilation systems and understand the order of their installation in order to get the most efficient and high-quality air exchange.

It is important that during the operation of the ventilation system the temperature regime characteristic of the bath is not disturbed. Air exchange must be organized in such a way that there are no violations of the distribution of temperature flows in the bath. Cool air in the steam room can only be located on the floor. And the higher to the ceiling, the higher the air temperature should be.

Ventilation should not remove clean air from the bath. A properly equipped system supplies fresh air to the room and removes waste air. Errors in the installation of the system will lead to extremely unfavorable consequences for both the bath and its visitors.

Mold damage to wood

The main types of ventilation systems

There are several types of air exchange systems suitable for use in a bath, namely:

natural ventilation. The principle of operation of such a system is based on the use of the pressure difference inside the bath and outside. The simplest and least effective option;

Exhaust fan from the steam room

Exhaust air is removed from the bath through a special ventilation box. The air exchange installation technology requires that the box be installed diagonally to the inlet through which fresh air enters the bath.

Take care of the ventilation device in all rooms of the bath, not just in the steam room. The dressing room, rest room and other bath rooms should also be well ventilated.

What you need to know about floor ventilation?

Quite often, the owners of the baths forget that the floor of the steam room must also be properly ventilated. Such forgetfulness leads to very rapid deterioration of the floor construction elements and, in general, a deterioration in the characteristics of the bath.

The floors are in constant contact with water. Without a well-organized air exchange, the floor will collapse very quickly, and the floor covering will have to be changed in 2-3 years.

You need to think about floor ventilation even at the construction stage of the bath, because it will be much more difficult to create a high-quality air exchange in an already finished room.

First step. Make small vents in opposite walls of the plinth. It is best to provide for these vents even at the stage of construction of the concrete base of the bath. Any holes in the finished structure will result in some reduction in the strength of the building.

Steam room ventilation

Second phase. Make one ventilation hole in opposite walls of the serviced room. Through them, clean air will enter the room. The holes must be through. It is recommended to close the finished ducts with special ventilation grilles. Such protection will not allow all sorts of rodents and other pests to enter the bath.

Bath ventilation

Stage three. When building the stove, make sure that the blower is slightly below the level of the finished floor. Thanks to this arrangement, the oven will also start operating in the exhaust mode.

Stage four. Install floor boards. When laying them, you need to leave gaps with a width of about 7-10 mm. Water can flow down through these slots. If the liquid lingers on the floor every time, the boards will rot very quickly.

Quite often, floor ventilation is set up "according to Bast". With this technology, fresh air comes from under the stove, and exhaust oxygen is removed through a hole in the ceiling.

In accordance with the requirements of fire safety, a metal sheet must lie near the sauna stove. It is near this sheet that an opening is created to supply fresh air to the bath.

A special exhaust box is required for such air exchange. You can buy the box ready-made or assemble it yourself from the boards. The inner surface of the exhaust duct must be covered with foil. The size of the box should be about 15-20% larger than the diameter of the chimney.

Ventilation "according to Bast" is the best option for those cases when the stove is located directly in the steam room. In such a situation, ventilation ducts can be equipped even directly in a brick podium.

Pay attention to the location of the sauna stove. If the stove is located directly in the steam room, then natural air exchange is present initially. Only you do not need to rely solely on it - such ventilation works only when the stove is running.

The most optimal ventilation installation option is the arrangement of air exchange channels on the opposite walls of the bath. They should be at different heights.

It is not recommended to place the ventilation holes too high. Although in most other cases it is recommended to make an exhaust hole directly under the ceiling, in saunas there are slightly different rules. If you place the hood directly under the ceiling, hot air will escape very quickly from the room.

For baths, the optimal height for placing ventilation openings is a level equal to 1-1.5 m.

Bath ventilation installation guide

There are several simple ways to organize effective air exchange in a bath. Explore each of them and choose the best one for your steam room.

The first way. Create a fresh air hole. It should be located behind the stove, about half a meter from the floor. Make an opening for the exhaust air outlet on the side opposite to the inlet opening, at a height of about 30 cm from the floor level. Install the fan into the outlet.

Create a fresh air hole

The lower you place the exhaust ventilation duct, the more intensive the air exchange will be.

However, you don't need to be too zealous either. Try to make holes at the recommended height, as these values are the most optimal. It is recommended to cover the openings with ventilation grilles.

Second way. With this air exchange, both vents will be on the same wall. The work will be carried out with a wall parallel to the stove. The suction channel is created at a level of about 30 cm from the floor, the exhaust canal is created at the same distance from the ceiling of the bath. The exhaust outlet is equipped with a fan. Cover open channels with ventilation grilles.

Third way. Make an air intake hole behind the sauna stove. Place the suction channel about 20 cm from the floor surface. The exhaust duct is made at about the same height, but in the opposite wall. The exhaust outlet is equipped with a fan. Cover open channels with ventilation grilles.

Fourth way. This air exchange option is perfect for baths, the flooring of which is laid with slots for water drainage. Make an inlet behind the oven unit at a distance of about 30 cm from the floor surface. An exhaust opening in the case of such ventilation is not done - the exhaust air will leave the bath through the slots of the floor covering, and then it will be discharged outside through a common ventilation pipe.

Ventilated floors in the bath

Fifth way. Such ventilation is ideal for baths with a constantly operating oven unit. Install the inlet channel opposite the stove, stepping back about 30 cm from the floor. The oven will perform the function of the hood.

Thus, the order of arrangement of ventilation practically does not differ in all the considered methods. Each of them involves the creation of one or two holes, only the place and height of their placement change.

You can also make the holes yourself with your own hands. Brick walls can be easily traversed with a perforator, and log walls with any suitable tool, for example, a wood drill. It is recommended to insert plastic pipes into the finished holes. Do not forget about protective ventilation grilles. In the future, you are unlikely to be delighted with uninvited guests in the form of rodents.

Ventilation in the bath with your own hands - step by step instructions!

Find out in what order do-it-yourself ventilation in the bath is connected. Detailed manual describing all stages of work. Photo + video.

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