Homemade ponds on the plot. Water in the country with your own hands (51 photos): selection of style, places, sizes and suitable building materials

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To ensure your site, you can build a beautiful pond in the country with your own hands using modern landscaped ideas with examples of photos and designer techniques. Artificial reservoir will make harmony into the surrounding space and add originality to the landscape design.

Natural green pond in the territory of own cottage

Pond in the country

Sometimes an artificial reservoir in the country area is more likely to be needed than decoration. If a long stream is flowing through the territory or there is a marshy soil, the shortcomings can be turned into advantage. The pond at the cottage built by her own hands will create an atmosphere of calm and relax.

What type of reservoir can be created in the country:

The first garden reservoirs appeared in the countries of the Ancient East, and only then this fashion has reached Europe and Russia. Near the palaces began to build fountains and mini-waterfalls with massive stone crossing.

Pond can be:

The pond can be executed in different styles:

Improvement of a picturesque pond at the cottage made by hand using landscape designer ideas, shown in the video below with the photo examples and detailed instructions.

Competent planning

When arranging an artificial water branch in the garden, a detailed project plan and comply with some conditions.

Actions should be step by step planned:

• Select location.
• Determination of sizes and shapes.
• Selection of necessary materials.
• Stylistic solution.
• Plants and flowers.
• Decorative elements.

To begin with, it is necessary to go through the territory of your cottage, carefully examined every corner and sketching the form of a future reservoir on paper.

Place for water branch

This is an important stage of planning, in which several criteria should be taken into account:

• Features of the soil.
• Landscape relief.
• Climatic conditions.
• Illumination.
• Green vegetation.
• The presence of a natural reservoir in the territory.

In such a pond, it is unlikely to be able to contain large fish or swim in hot weather, but the places should be enough for the location of the design and water removal. The home eco-system should resemble a mirror reservoir, not a swamp.

How to choose a place:

Zoning of the reservoir:

1. Coastal part. It takes about 12-30 cm, used for the vegetation of shallow water and arranging the input zone.
2. Shallow part. Zone for plants and colors - from 30 to 90 cm.
3. Deep sea part. The size can be from 1 meter, must be below the level of soil freezing. Here can dwell fish for decor or breeding.

An excellent idea will be the addition of beautiful backlighting by musical accompaniment. This design looks spectacular and impressive.

Material

Building materials must be durable, reliable and durable. Most often used concrete, but today there are easier materials and structures, for example, polyethylene or butyl rubber rubber.

Most popular options:

To protect the film when laying out the bottom, a small layer of geotextiles should be applied under its surface. So rubbank and sharp stones will not be able to damage the film structure.

Step-by-step instruction of the arrangement of the "flexible" pond

Film-based pond is easier than made of concrete and more reliable than from plastic form. The recommended film length should be equal to the length and the double depth of the reservoir + an additional 40-50 centimeters just in case. The desired film width is the width, the dual depth of the pond and 40-50 centimeters to the residue.

The main stages of arrangement:

1. Preparation of soil and markup.
2. Earthworks on the creation of a pit.
3. Mounting bowl or flooring film.
4. Filling with emptiness with river sand.

What may be required for work:

• Construction shovel.
• Hose for watering.
• Pump to determine the pressure of the bay of water.
• Compressor (for a pond with fish to saturate water with oxygen).
• Purifier filter (for fish breeding).
• Cord, rope, pegs or light sand for marking areas.
• Sterilizer for water purification.
• Building room for land.
• Boutherchka film.
• Adhesive for film ("Tangite", adhesive tape, etc.).

Production of a reservoir:

1. Creating a sketch. Drawing on paper shape, all parts, decor and arrangement of auxiliary equipment, taking into account the size and depth of the bottom.
   
2. Transferring a mini-diagram to the soil with a garden hose or river sand. The contour should be placed sand, different in color with the ground. According to the applied outlines, the groove should be dug up to 25 centimeters.
   
3. Removing the fertile layer and digging the pit. This will require a shovel (building excavator for the pool or a large pond with a fountain) and a trolley for the export of land from the territory. The pit is digging in accordance with the depth of coastal, shallow and deep-sea zones, calculated in advance. The deepest part should be in the center and be laid last. Each time it should be fixed with the layout of the markup.
   
4. Measurement of the size of the pit. The walls of the pit are well tampled, and to the edges you need to add an additional 40-50 centimeters to determine the future size of the covered material. Parameters are measured with a cord or rope, and then transferred to the film.
   
5. Waterproofing film. The bottom of the pit is covered with a small layer of sand and geotextile to ensure reliable protection of the film surface. When the substrate is ready, the film neatly stacked, tightly fixed to the base with glue and pressed well to all surfaces.
   
6. Filling with water. Water poured gently and gradually with the help of the hose, while a sharp pressure should be excluded.
7. Fastening. The edges of the waterproofing are fixed in a predetermined trench along the contour with a depth of 25 cm and fall asleep the ground and rubble, after which they are well tumped.
   The edge of the reservoir is fixed by rods, stones or large boulders. This stage is suitable for placing and disembarking plants and colors. Be sure to leave a small fold at the bottom so that when filling the water, the film does not break.
8. Water standing. The finished reservoir should be left for 1-2 days so that the water well stand out, after which the extra ends of the film are trimmed. During this period, you can form beautiful sides, place the remaining decor and finish working on landscaping.
   

To strengthen the flight shore, you can use a geogrine or geomat in combination with clay and chernozem so that the pond looks gently and well.

The size and shape of the artificial reservoir depends not only on the dimensions of the area of \u200b\u200bthe site, but also from the fantasy owners themselves. The aesthetic and decorative component undoubtedly play an important role here. If you comply with all the recommendations and a clear consequence of the instructions, you can create a pond of your dreams in the country. How to make your own hand in the garden, using landscaped ideas with photos and schemes, shown step by step in the video below.

Rest in the country - the ability to devote yourself to nature, relax, forgetting at least for the time about the city weekdays, and make it best on the shore of your own pond. It all depends on your imagination and sizes of the country area. Is it possible to make a pond in the country with their own hands? Of course. Follow the instructions below - and you will succeed.

Man-made pond in the country

Of course, I want to spend time on a well-equipped dacha, on the territory of which landscape design and complete improvement is made - after all, rest at the cottage, which is a tricking Domishko with a small courtyard, a swirling bungyan and thistle, definitely does not contribute to mental equilibrium.

At the same time, green, well-kept lawn and neat trees, flower beds and artificial reservoirs will turn the territory of the cottage in the real earthly paradise. And decorative reservoirs will take it in it not the last place. A special pond in the country can be almost any size - from a pair of square meters to a reservoir of a significant area.

First of all, it is necessary to understand the purpose of decorative reservoir: unlike the pools, water in which to be subject to special processing (chlorine, omnory, etc.), the pond in the garden will require the creation of a certain biological balance. Otherwise, the water in it will bloom and climbs, the plants will become wrapped and they wipe it, except that, midges and frogs are doubtful pleasure for the owner of the pond.

Types of garden ponds

Garden ponds, having a geometrically correct form - rectangular, rounded, rhombid, etc. - It looks especially good in the country areas, landscaped in proper geometry (even lines, ideal forms). As a rule, such decorative reservoirs are edged along the edges of tiled stone (artificial or natural), they are satisfied near buildings, thereby emphasizing straight lines.

Ponds with proper geometry can be performed above ground level: such a type of pond minimizes earthworks during their device, simplifies the care of them, reduces the risks of falling small children into it. Speakers on the ground, sides of such a pond are suitable for a flower garden, you can install the seats, and in the pond itself - to arrange a fountain.

Artificial ponds, imitating natural reservoirs, are characterized by rounded shapes and arbitrary coastline in shape. Plants are planted along their shores, natural for marsh flora. A gentle descent under water covered by a cobblestone or a pebble of medium sizes is such a type of ponds. Landscape designers are usually placed in the far part of the garden, near the lawn. Similar natural ponds are particularly successful in arbitrary garden improvement.

Choose the size and place of the garden pond

Of course, the size of an artificial pond directly depends on the total area of \u200b\u200bthe country area. If we talk about building a pond ecosystem, then large ponds are more convenient for this. Lower the balance between vegetation and water inhabitants in a large reservoir is easier than in a small one, moreover, the ponds of large sizes are easier to serve. The smaller the artificial reservoir, the more often it will be necessary to clean - the lack of space for the inhabitants of the reservoir will not allow to establish a full-fledged ecological balance.

The place for the future pond is chosen from the point of view of aesthetics, especially the placement of artificial reservoir near the main building - it will be possible to monitor the water stroke from the windows or sitting in the chair on the terrace.

The optimal place for the pond will be an open space that is not susceptible to strong winds - a strong wind will prevent the development of high plants on the shore of the reservoir. It is necessary to calculate the illumination of the pond: the straight rays of the sun should not illuminate with water for more than 10 hours (optimal is 6 hours lighting). For greater illumination in the conditions of standing water, the active development of aqueous bacteria and green algae will begin (for example, Tina). At the same time, in those areas of the pond, where illumination will be insufficient (shading), the growth and development of aquatic plants to slow down.

The proximity of the artificial reservoir towards the crowns of trees will lead to its pollution into the seasonal leafflower, in addition, the root system of trees can damage the bed of the pond, breaking up the underlying film or a mixing edge of the bath.

The hosts involving a reservoir lighting device in the dark time of the day, the pumping of the pump for a waterfall cascade or fountain, should consider the location of the pond from the power supply.

Artificial Pond - Materials

The man-made water can be made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or butyl rubber films, use the finished capacity of reinforced plastic or fiberglass, create a pond bowl from reinforced concrete.

For the speed of creation, the first place is occupied by purchased capacity of fiberglass - everything that is required is to dug enough deeply for them and install the container on the prepared and compacted sand pillow (it resembles a plastic pelvis of large sizes and, often, bizarre form).

True, a large pond from fiberglass arrange will not succeed - the containers of serial production, as a rule, have a small quadrature (usually area is about 4 m 2, the depth is 500-800 mm). Larger fiberglass containers are designed rather for the pools (over 10 m 2) and therefore it is expensive. However, a small pond from plastics or fiberglass for small country territories is quite suitable. The cost depends on the volume, form and color.

The pond of large sizes and "free" (i.e., not tied to some standard forms) planning can be arranged using a film (PVC or butyl rubber) - the film is needed for waterproofing of the reservoir. The cost of such a material is low, in the outlets it is widely represented in quality, and by manufacturers.

Do not use ordinary polyethylene in the creation of artificial reservoir, it will last you for a maximum of 2 years, then its density will be impaired under the influence of physical and temperature effects.

To create a garden pond, PVC film or butyl rubber rubber is suitable. The first material has sufficient strength and elasticity, it is distinguished by a high-quality structure - the reservoir formed by it will last at least 15 years. However, the undoubted leader in the field of waterproofing materials for artificial ponds is butyl rubber rubber - has high resistance to solar rays, high and low temperatures, is not inclined to form cracks. Among other materials, butylucheuk has only one minus - it stands on weekly, but its service life exceeds 50 years.

If we are talking about complete reliability and durability, it remains only one material - reinforced concrete. Unlike pond bowls formed by film or cast materials, on the bottom of the concrete reservoir, it is possible to damage it difficult to damage it difficult. However, it is harder to work with concrete, it will take full compliance with technology (welding of reinforcement, making formwork), double waterproofing (on both sides of the concrete casting, both outside and inside) - to protect against groundwater, i.e. The cost of such work will be the highest. You can apply a concrete of special brands, not affected by water, but it will cost even more and its application will require accurate compliance with casting technologies.

Summarize the characteristics of materials for artificial ponds

The main advantages of film waterproofing: the possibility of forming the necessary form, change the shape of the bowl of the reservoir in the future, the ease of repair (if the film is broken). Minus: In winter, water from the reservoir will have to pour, if it frozen and expand, it will inevitably break the film.

The advantages of reinforced concrete: high reliability, independence from external climatic factors (subject to concreting technology), resistance to physical effects (falling stone, rodents, etc.). Cons: High labor intensity, extremely difficult rework. As a rule, the creation of artificial ponds from concrete is not popular because the film is much easier to use. But if a device of bridges above the water and sculptural compositions on its shores, the best choice will be reinforced concrete.

When creating garden ponds, it is necessary to make sure that the selected materials are completely lacking for the selected materials, otherwise the fish and plants will not survive in the pond.

Pond in the garden based on the finished (rigid) tank

Choosing a hard capacity for creating a pond with a total area of \u200b\u200bup to 4 m 2, it is worth staying on a fiberglass or plastic bath. The minimum depth of such a container should be about 800 mm - water in such a pond will warm evenly in summer, and in the winter it will not be freeze to the bottom.

The finished tank as the basis for a garden pond will not allow cutting and fixing (measures performed during the device of the pond base), there is no need to build a common configuration - everything is already done, the capacity is equipped with terraces for landing aquatic plants. To the choice it is worth considering carefully - it will not be able to change it.

Finished baths for the pond are distinguished by sufficient strength, winter frosts are not terrible. And yet, transporting the capacitance for the pond to the site, you need to handle neatly and do not come on your feet. The thickness of the walls of such a tank is 3 mm and cracks will appear during mechanical damage, which will be difficult to take.

The smallest service life has cheap baths from plastic - they gradually destroys the sunlight, and the surface of such capacities gives cracks during bending. Unlike them, the capacity of reinforced plastic is more resistant to ultraviolet, have a greater margin of strength (they are more plastic) - the service life of such tanks for ponds is up to 20 years.

The best and, accordingly, the most expensive are fiberglass tanks with a rubber basis. The water based on them will serve for more than 30 years and, in contrast to plastic containers, they can be repaired without prejudice to the general characteristics. Fiberglass is most resistant to low / high temperatures and exposure to sunlight, it is distinguished by high ecological indicators and is completely safe for the flora and fauna of artificial reservoir.

In addition to the quality characteristics, fiberglass containers have aesthetic attractiveness: they can be three colors - black, brown and green; A decorative coating is applied to their edges, imitating natural materials, which makes it easier to give the artificial pond of the natural species.

Fiberglass baths are produced not only for ponds, but also for streams. Capacity for imitation of the stream have an externally "stone" texture and easily fit into the common landscape, and the multistage form allows you to conveniently plant aquatic plants. The channel of such a stream is fenced on the sides of the protrusions that protect the roots of plants from leaching.

Artificial reservoir with film waterproofing

Flipping flooring is performed both in the prepared pita and between the erected walls raised above the ground level. This decision in creating a pond in the country is justified if the intended size of the future reservoir is greater than the parameters of the hard shells offered by specialized stores. The film coating is also used when creating water bodies - the use of waterproofing film will greatly facilitate this task.

To create a reservoir, it is possible to use polyethylene (thickness 500 μR), stacked in two layers, among other film coatings its value is the lowest. Although polyethylene characteristics are more than minimal: it is easy to break (sharp stones, animal claws, etc.), under the influence of the Sun becomes fragile, with damage, it is practically no repair. Polyethylene coating will provide waterproofing of a reservoir not more than 5 years (on average - 3 years). It is rather a temporary solution for those dacifics who do not like constancy - after three years a great reason appears to change the place of the pond.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) The coating will cost more than polyethylene, but also serves longer - on average about 8-10 years. Manufacturers offer two types of polyvinyl chloride coating: the usual two-layer and reinforced, in which a woven grid (for strength) is laid between the layers of the film. In general, such a coating has all flaws of polyethylene. Sunny ultraviolet breaks the strength of PVC films, it is easy to replace it. But, unlike the polyethylene film, damage in the PVC film can be repaired using a special repair kit. In addition, this film stretches better - after filling the water, with water, most of the folds will stretch and leveled.

The best film for the pond is made of butyl rubber - this material is durable (service life of about 50 years) is durable and cannot be destroyed by ultraviolet. The boutique film is three colors: black, under the color of the stone and under the color of charcoal. If the soil on your site contains a large number of stones, or the construction of high load reservoirs on the base (high depth and significant pond width) - choose a coating from butyl rubber and you will not be mistaken.

Checkyliker coating characteristics: high plasticity, simplicity of laying regardless of the time of year and air temperature. Low temperatures on this coating do not act, so it is not necessary to merge water from the reservoir.

Film for the pond - what color is better

The color of the film will seriously affect the general view of the reservoir. The black bottom will turn the reservoir in a kind of mirror, there will be clearly visible reflections of the sky and clouds, plants lined along the coastal edge. A black or brown film will serve as a good imitation of the natural bottom soil. The cream or blue color of the bottom will look harshly, but on a background there are perfectly looking perfectly fish. If you choose a grayish or bluish tint, the pond will look like a swimming pool. Choose the color of the film depending on the functions of the reservoir: if it is a pond - black or brown, if the pool is white or blue.

Create a decorative water with a film

Draw at the selected place the outline of the future pond and determine the required film size. The calculation of the film coating is done like this: the width and length of the web will be equal to the amount consisting of the size of the width (in the second case - length) of the future reservoir, doubled the size of the depth and 600 mm of the allowance for fastening the films along the edges of the pond.

It is necessary to take into account that the standard parameters of the butyl rubber film roll are as follows: width from 4.5 to 15.25 m (if more accurately, then 4.5; 6.1; 9.15; 12.20 and 15.25 m) , Length - 20-25 route meters. It is sometimes easier to make adjustments to the parameters of the future pond, than to make gluing pieces of film. If there is a need for a plug gluing for a pond - it is quite possible, only special adhesive compositions and adhesive tape produced by the same manufacturer as the selected film are required. To obtain a high-quality seam when gluing a film from butyl rubber, use the mastic with subsequent hot vulcanization.

In addition to the waterproofing film in the formation of a bowl of the reservoir, geotextiles will be required (optimal density - 350 g / m 2) - for the insulating coating, it will perform as a prevention layer (from the roots of trees, teeth and claws of animals, sharp stones, etc.).

To create a reservoir with your own hands, you will need: sand (for the underlying layer), Waterpas (construction level), cord (or bellows), wooden pegs, garden hose, shovels.

Create a pita water

First of all, evaluate the future form of the reservoir, for this hose sufficient length and pegs - change the position of the hose fragments until the form of a bowl of the reservoir will arrange you. When planning a pond free form, try to get round lines without sharp corners - such a pond will better look. In the process of planning a pond, mark the terraces for pond plants according to its edges, they are performed at a depth of 300 mm.

Deciding with the form of a reservoir and completing the markup, proceed to work on the pit. Initially, three hundredmillimeter terraces are taken off (after filling the reservoir, the distance from the terrace to the water level will be about 200 mm). The shores of the future pond must have a bias, approximately equal to 45o. In the process of creating a pit, try to remove all the roots of plants and stones. After completing the work on the terraces, check the horizontal of the shores, using the board with the Waterpaste laid on it.

The next stage of work is the formation of the main bowl of the reservoir, its deep part. Remember: the minimum required reservoir depth is 600 mm. Such a water will not get dirty in winter, and in the summer, the pond fish will be able to find asylum from the scorching rays of the sun at such a depth. Then, along the line of the coast, it is necessary to open the protusion with a depth of 60-70 mm, for the subsequent calculation of the scene from the tile, brick, natural stone or styling of the turf.

We form a drainage layer and waterproofing

After completing the work on the pit, you need to pour the washed sand with a layer of 30-50 mm - the sand, shores and terraces, thoroughly tram. Making sure that the sand drainage is performed quite well (there are no irregularities), put the geotextile web for insulation of the film coating from damage.

The next step will be laying of a prepared sheet of film. Do not try to align the film on the contours of the reservoir - let it sag over it - put it freely. Align the canvas of the film along the shores, fixing the edge with a sufficient amount of bricks (stones).

Connect the garden hose to the water source and serve it in the center laid over the batted film - it will gradually sit down, taking the shape of the reservoir. Follow the drawdown by moving the keeper holding stones. After full filling of the artificial reservoir, you need to wait a day, then cropping an excessive film, leaving the reserve of 250-300 mm in its edges (the scene will be laid). Secure the edge around the perimeter of the reservoir using wooden wedges or wire arcs.

The next step is the laying of the scene. Its width should be at least 600 mm, it is performed from tiles, brick or natural stone. The scene must be put on the cement mortar - if you put only on the sand pillow, a person who pulled into the tile can move along with her in the pond.

Dachinations, planning in an artificial water from a waterfall or fountain, should be paved and close the cabin hose to supply water before laying the tile to the cement solution. Similarly, you should proceed in the need for the power supply of the pond (underwater spotlights, water pumps), by carrying out a plastic or copper tube for subsequent managing the electrical cable.

Creating a reservoir raised above ground level

For such a reservoir, one retaining wall will be required for such a reservoir. The foundation for such a reservoir is obligatory, otherwise the pond bowl is possible.

The construction of a reservoir above the ground level is made in the same way as the construction of a conventional garden wall: the place and parameters of the future pond are determined, the trenches are tested to bookmark the foundation. After casting, the foundation should operate for two full days.

When creating a reservoir, half submersible to the ground, hide the pit in the deepest part, then form the terraces for planting plants (approximately at the level of concrete foundation). Then you carefully remove all the stones and put the pillow from the sand on the bottom of the bottom.

Hold the retaining walls around the perimeter of the pond, carefully tracking the position of each row. Before laying a waterproofing film, stand 48 hours - the wall solution must be fully opened.

Sleep the film so that its edges evenly performed from all sides of the supporting wall. If your future pond is a rectangular or square shape, form the inner corners of the folds of the film in the form of a neat harmonica. The film films should be pressed at the top of the supporting walls with bricks.

Gradually fill with water-saving water, moving or removing pressing stones on the supporting walls, leveling the corner folds. After full filling of the reservoir, cut off the excess film at the edges, while maintaining an indent to half the size of the supporting wall (it will be covered with stones when forming the skate). Remove water from the reservoir. To protect the edges of the film, install skate stones. The pond is ready - fill it with water, put plants and fish.

Decorating the country pond

By itself, the garden water is not bad - the water can be put in a gazebo and relax in a hot noon in the shade and coolness, watching the game of fish in his depth. But you can turn it into something enchanting and colorful - there will help the fountains created by the pump and underwater illumination.

Pumps for ponds are produced in two versions: surface and underwater. Let's say you want to beat a two-meter jet of water from the pond - there is a submarine pump. If the two-meter fountain is not enough - choose the surface pump and you will be provided with a really high water post.

The underwater pump is mounted at the bottom of the pond: first put the stone base, the pump is set on it and close on top of the casing of ceramics, made under the natural stone. The complete set (pump, base and casing) can be purchased from one seller.

How the underwater pump is working: it pulls the water from the bottom of the reservoir and pulls it out over the water stroke with the help of special nozzles. If the fountain or waterfall is mounted separately from the reservoir, the water supply is performed according to the supply pipes. Some models of pumps can simultaneously serve water and for waterfall, and for a fountain. Power supply pump is carried out through an electric cable with waterproof isolation.

The surface pump is installed in a disguised brick chamber on the shore of the reservoir, not far from the fountain or waterfall. Water to the pump is supplied from a pipe reservoir with a required filter on entering. The surface pump needs greater technical equipment than the underwater - the drain system, filters (on the suction pipe), the suction system. Otherwise it will overheat.

The greatest effect of the work of fountains is achieved in the reservoirs of the right form. Place fountains in the center of the reservoir so that the water thrown by them does not fall on the coastal plants.

The type of fountain and the height of the jet emission depend on the type of nozzle installed on the underwater pump. The water jet itself, depending on the installed nozzle, may have a shape, say, bell or beating key. A boring fountain tube can be decorated with fiberglass facing, stone, bronze or ceramics. If cladding is used, the water nozzle is attached to the brass connector, which is equipped with facing. The housing of the facing is exhibited either on the bottom of the reservoir, or on a special stand.

Create a magic atmosphere in the evening and night time will help the backlight. The lighting equipment for private water bodies is designed for power in 12 V. The power of halogen lamps in the lamps can be from 5 to 75 W - it is sufficient for bright lighting, because the light stream of such lamps exceeds household 3 times.

Mini-spotlights are installed on a special support or on a fountain nozzle, highlighting fluttering splashes of water. There are floating lights, they consist of a light bulb placed in a sealed glass bowl. They can be omitted for some depth in the water, hanging on the cargo, or install on the bottom. Due to the equipment of the spotlights, with colored light filters and rotary devices, it will simply become a stunning look.

How to care for the reservoir

The natural natural balance of the reservoir will be formed quickly enough. To maintain it, it is necessary to remove the entire treasuries applied by the wind and the fallen leaves before this mass falls to the bottom and will decompose. It is possible that the bottom of the reservoir will have to clean the network every autumn, eliminating the bottom garbage.

To protect the water area of \u200b\u200bthe pond from falling leaves, you can apply a small network - it should be tightened over the mirror of the pond in front of the autumn leaf fall and remove closer to winter. Or take advantage of a skimmer - a special pump for collecting floating garbage.

For cleaning the bottom, the bottom vacuum cleaner is useful - its design resembles the usual, but there is no filter in it. Water from the bottom of the pond is suced inside the machine, as the camera fills the camera automatically turns off and the tank with mud must be emptied into the drainage system.

If you settled fish in your decorative pond, then they will need oxygen. With its disadvantage, use the aerators pumps - they resemble aquarium, only larger size and power.

The main problem that stands in front of the owners of the water bodies with the beginning of a warm season - water in it becomes a green color, which is caused by the active reproduction of the simplest algae. Most often with this problem, the owners of low water bodies are facing with a small depth and from all overwhelmed with sunshine. It is possible to prevent the overheating of water with the help of aqueous plants with large floating leaves (pita and cubes), as well as planting oxaerators - plants filling the pond water with oxygen (Elday Canadian, rogolnik, shock).

At the beginning of spring, when plants have not yet managed to develop enough, the use of chemical means of struggle (algicides) is required. However, these drugs are harmful both for humans and for water inhabitants - therefore they should be applied only as an extreme means.

Danger for fish in the pond can be birds and cats, for them the fish is the object of hunting. To protect the pond fish from birds (for example, Herons), you need to tighten the space over shallow ponds of the pond with a network or black threads (the last solution is particularly successful - black threads against the background of water alcohols are practically not visible). An obstacle to cats will be a decorative wire fence (high height of at least 150 mm), usually used for fence of flower.

The main danger to the aquatic fauna in areas susceptible to frequent frosts is a lot. The ice shell, steadily overlapping the reservoir more than a day, will lead to the accumulation of poisonous gases formed by decaying vegetation residues and as a result - partial or full of fish fishe. It is necessary that part of the pond will always be free from ice, the best solution will be a special small heater. You should not try to hack ice using power - Ice Panciry strikes can stun and even kill fish.

If your artificial reservoir has a greater depth, use the pump for supplying warm water from the depth of the water surface - this measure will prevent ice formation. In the extreme case, in the absence of other ways and means, arrange the exhaust hole in the ice shell - I am worried, for this, put a saucepan with boiling water on the ice (after formation, do not forget to remove the saucepan!).

How to ride a pond

Water plants perform an important task - they are peculiar filters for water. The biological balance will be established when at least a third of the artificial reservoir will be assigned to the plants. Moreover, each type of water plants requires landing at a certain depth.

So, the water is finished, filled with water - it needs to be allowed to settle for 10 days and only then begin in plant plant. Optimal time for planting aquatic plants is the beginning of summer.

You can plant plants in the laid ground at the bottom of the reservoir, but it is best to put them in the net baskets by setting the latter to the bottom. Behind the plants in baskets it is easier to care - move it to wintering in a warm room and reproduction. The soil in baskets is a conventional land from the garden, its enrichment by manure, fertilizers or peat is not required. Save the soil layer in baskets from water erosion will help the net burlap or other rude fabric. Place the medium-sized gravel on top of the fabric - to protect the roots from the pond fish.

Before disembarking, remove especially long roots and old leaves in plants. After planting, compact the ground around the plant stem is the way that the distance between the soil and the edge of the basket is 40 mm.

Some types of pond plant landing do not require - they are freely swimming on the surface of the reservoir, keeping themselves to afloat. Representatives of such plants are pita and lotus. Behind such plants you need to closely monitor, because in favorable conditions they quickly multiply and take the entire pond - periodically part of them need to be deleted. The main plant problem for any closed reservoir is a row, quickly multiplying and seeking to capture the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe reservoir - do not land it specifically!

When buying water plants, be sure to ask the seller at what depth they should be planted. Performing a landing, adhere to the measures - plants need light, and thick thickets on the water stroit look a little attractive.

In the winter season, aquatic plants, the natural habitat of which is a moderate climate, remain in the reservoir. If you planted exotic plants from warm countries in a pond, then they should be winter outside the pond. Remove them and place in the indoor indoors - an aquarium or a bath, after this, after trying to trim especially the bounded plants.

Important moment: when translating plants to the wintering room, do not forget to provide sufficient lighting.

Fish care in the pond

For the full existence of fish in the country pond, its depth must be no less than 1200 mm. At a lesser depth of the fish you need to winter outside the pond, otherwise it will die. Only purchased fish can be placed in the pond, give her time to acclimatization - it should get used to the water temperature in the reservoir. Let the felt capacity in the swimming in the pond - this measure will avoid in fish of the shock state.

If you purchased fish not in specialized stores, you should not immediately produce them to a garden pond. Place them in the aquarium by filling it with water from the pond. The time of such a quarantine should be at least seven days - so you find out whether the fish is not sick.

Now about food fish. In principle, there should be enough food for them in the pond: the rods, algae, mosquito larvae and other insects living at the bottom of the reservoir. However, if food is not enough or the number of fish will increase - it must be fed. Purchase fish feed in specialized stores - it contains everything you need for pond fauna, in addition, such food is enriched with oxygen and will not be a source of pollution for the pond, it will be for some time to float on the surface. Let's give the fish as much food as they eat in 10 minutes, otherwise he still skeys and hesitates.

The special need for vitamins occurs in the spring, in this season increase the number of feeders. In the fall, with a decrease in the temperature in the reservoir below 10 ° C, the feed feed completely stop.

Constantly watch out for the state of the fish, do not overflow them, control their number (optimal: 50 liters of water - one fish 100-150 mm long. Consider that the fish grows!).

Sick fish can be revealed by its behavior: it, as a rule, floats in circles and at the same time "rushes", rubs the sides of the bodies in the reservoir, lies on the side on the surface. The presence of disease is evidenced by "glued" fins, white raids in their eyes, fish, fins or gowns. Having found a sick person, immediately insulating it from the rest and place it in the aquarium. Then visit the pet store, describe a specialist sign of the disease and buy the necessary medicines.

The idea to dig up on his plud the pond came to me a few years ago. But, since the work is this time-consuming and difficult in terms of a creative approach, its beginning was postponed for a long time. Finally, during the next vacation, I decided to take the case and perform step-by-step all the actions necessary to create a pond. It was decided to make a pond film, with a geotextile lining. Plant with plants and start fish. For fish install aerator. Water circulation is also planned due to a small waterfall with three cascades. It was originally made, even before digging the pit under the pond, from the pile of stones laid on the man-made clay slide. Water will circulate along a closed circle from a pond to a waterfall using an inexpensive bottom pump.

That's all the source data. Now I start directly to the story about the construction of the pond, trying not to miss the details.

First of all, I took a shovel and dug the pit with dimensions in terms of 3x4 m. The form tried to do a natural, rounded, without sharp corners. After all, in nature, the coastal lines are always smooth, without straight lines, these must be adhered to and when creating an artificial pond. In the deepest point, the boiler reached 1.6 m below the ground level. It could be done less, but in my case it is planned to divorce the wintering fish for which at least 1.5-1.6 m is required.

There are 3 terraces on the lifting of the pit. The first (shallow water) is at a depth of 0.3 m, the second - 0.7 m, the third - 1 m. All 40 cm wide, so that there was an opportunity to establish pots on them with plants. The terracement is performed for a more natural type of water stroit. And also to accommodate aquatic plants, from the form of which will depend on the number of terraces and their depth. You need to think about it in advance. For the landing of Rhoze, for example, the depth is needed - 0.1-0.4 m, for nymphi - 0.8-1.5 m.

Drive under the pond should be multi-level, with several terraces

Stage # 2 - Staying geotextile

Kotlovan was dug, stones and roots were chosen from the bottom and walls. Of course, you can immediately begin the flooring floor, but this option seemed to me too risky. First, seasonal ports of the soil can lead to the pebbles that were in the soil thickness, change their position and sharp edges will break through the film. The same happens if the roots of trees or shrubs growing near, reach the film. And the last factor - on our site there are mice that the underground moves and, if desired, will easily get to the film. Need protection. Namely - geotextile. It will not give rodents, roots and other unpleasant factors to damage the film.

I bought a geotextile 150 g / m 2, gently lay it out and a little started the edge ashore (about 10-15 cm - as it turned out). Temporarily fixed stones.

Geotextile is laid with the head of the edges ashore

Stage # 3 - Waterproofing

Perhaps the most responsible stage - the creation of waterproofing. They can be neglected if the hydrogeological conditions of your site allow you to create natural reservoirs. But such cases are very rare and better not to risk, so that then I did not have to redo everything.

So, the waterproofing is needed. In my case, it is a dense butyl rubber film, specially intended for ponds and water bodies.

Initially, I want to dissuade you from the use of polyethylene films sold in ordinary shopping stores and used for upholstery of greenhouses. Especially if the pond is large enough. Says such insulation of 1-2 years, then, most likely, will give to flow and you have to redo everything. Excess headaches and spending are provided. Need a special film, for ponds - from PVC or butyl rubber. The last option is the highest quality, the strength of the butyl rubber film is enough for 40-50 years for sure, and maybe even more. Plus rubber waterproofing in the fact that it stretches perfectly. Water pressure in the pond will sooner or later lead to the sorting of soil. Film in this case is stretched. PVC can crack or disperse on the seams. Butyl rubber just stretches like rubber, it can withstand a significant stretching without consequences.

The dimensions of the film necessary for my pond, I calculated as follows: The length is equal to the length of the pond (4 m) + double maximum depth (2.8 m) +0.5 m. The width is defined in the same way.

I spread the film on top of geotextile, withdrawing 30 cm edge ashore. She tried to smooth out the folds at the bottom and walls, but did not exceed it. I decided to leave, as is. Moreover, the folds will compensate for the temperature changes and pull it too tightly just necessary.

Kotlovan, covered with butyl rubber film, will hold water in the pond

After layout, it is necessary to fix the edges of the film. It is impossible to leave them open on Earth, because water will fall between the film and the walls of the pit. Inevitably the appearance of water bubbles, due to which the film will have to be removed. And this is very difficult, especially at large sizes of the pond.

I decided to stick the edges of the film and thereby firmly fix them. At a distance of 10 cm from the edges of the pond, I dug a groove, a depth of 15 cm. I lay inside the edge of the film and poured them with the earth. From above, it ended the whole thing to the turf. It turned out a real coastline, overgrown with grass!

Stage # 4 - Water Running

Now you can run water. I threw the hose in the pit and pumped water from the well from the well. Water was recruited several hours. As the folds fill, the films were knocked out, they had to paint them. But at the end, the stretch was quite uniform.

Pond, filled with water, should be stated for some time to install biobalans

And another important detail, which is worth mentioning. Together with clean water from the well, I flooded in the pond of a bucket of water from a natural reservoir. It is necessary to accelerate the formation of biobalans. In other words, water from the reservoir with an existing biosphere will help to quickly install the same in the new pond. There will be no balance, water will fit and green out in a matter of days. And in a short time, it will be not a pond, but a swamp with greenish fat. The activation of the biosystem will also contribute to the plants planted into the water to the bottom.

At the depth of 0.5 m, I immersed the pump, the water is fed to the upper cascade of the waterfall and on a small garden fountain. The separation of water is adjustable directly on the pump.

Circulation of water in the pond occurs due to the fountain and waterfall

Stage # 5 - Plant Locking and Running Fish

Plants - a separate topic. I wanted to plant a lot of things that the pond immediately, from the first days, created the appearance of a natural, natural reservoir. Therefore, I went to the market and scored the swamp irises there, white workers, water hyacinths, a few nymph. For landscaping the shore, he took a couple of buns of Lobelia, a coychant velbeyn, White Call bulbs.

Upon arrival, it seemed to me a little, so I made a pickup on the nearest pond (from which the water scum for biobalansa) and dug out several bushes of the young Rogoznik. It will grow and clean the water. It is a pity that there is nothing more suitable in this pond. And I would not have to buy anything. You may be lucky more and in a nearby pond you will find all plants for landscaping your own pond. After all, almost all aquatic plants grow in our natural reservoirs. With some fraction of luck, you can find and narrow the Courtyard, Rogoznik, Yellow Iris, Air, Derboynik, Kubashka Yellow and much more.

On the upper terrace I put balcony boxes and baskets with hungry, white-boxed, water hyacinths, swamp irises. Salted in heavy fertile soil, covered with pebbles from above, so that the fish did not remove the soil and did not pull the roots.

Nymphi planted in the basket - I have 4 of them. Also on top hopped pebbles. Placed baskets on the middle terrace, the one that is 0.7 m in depth. Then, as the stalk grows, I will lower the basket below until I install it for 1-1.5 m above the water level.

On shallow water planted in baskets and drawers aquatic plants

The flowers of the nifs are held only a few days, then close and fall under the water.

Lobelia and velbeyn coinsulated seedlings along the coastline. There was Calla on the side of the bulb. The shipyanik very quickly began to lower his branches directly to the pond. Soon and the films on the rise will not be visible! Everything will tarnish grass, truck, whitefly and other planted plants.

Initially, the water in the pond was clean, like a tear. I thought it would be so. But, after 3 days, I noticed that the driver was cloudy, the bottom was not already visible. And then, a week later, she became clean again - a biological equilibrium established. I waited two more weeks and decided that it was time to start the fish - all the conditions for her stay were created.

I went to the bird market and bought a few suitable copies of the comet (almost a goldfish) and crucia - gold and silver. Total 40 fish! Released everyone. Now be frozen near the fountain.

Pond with launched fish looks magic!

Aerator was connected to a comfortable fish stay. The compressor is 6 W, so it works constantly, no consumption of electricity. Winter aerator is especially useful. Water saturation with oxygen and wormwood will be provided.

On this master class can be completed. I think that it turned out very well. The most important indicator of this is clean water. As such, I do not have mechanical filtering. The balance is regulated by a multitude of plants, aerator, water circulation through a waterfall and a fountain with a pump.

As for Finance, the most funds went on a butyl rubber film. Kotlovan Fly I myself, if you hire an excavator or a dog brigade will have to pay, but the pit will be dug quickly. Plants are not too expensive (and if they take them from a natural pond, then in general - free), fish - too.

So everything is real. If significant labor costs are not afraid (especially for killets) and the need for a creative approach - ahead. As a last resort, if the designer vest is not lucky, extract photos of ponds in magazines or on the pages of specialized sites. Find what you like, and try to make something similar. And then - enjoy the resulting result and its own reservoir on the site.

Ivan Petrovich

Benefits of a pond from the pelvis:

• arrangement takes a minimum of time;
• perfectly fits into the design of any plot;
• if necessary, the pond is easily transferred to another area of \u200b\u200bthe courtyard;
• needs minimal care;
• it is a budget option, practically does not require financial costs.

Artificial reservoir from the basin make very simple. An old metallic or plastic pelvis is taken, sticking into the ground. If the basin is a holey, then it is covered with a construction film. It is desirable that it is thick and durable. At the request, the bottom of the basin can be decorated with stones and shells. The bars already filled with water are decorated with alive or artificial plants, and the "shore" of the reservoir is planted with natural stone or pebbles. You can lay out the paving slabs.

Mini pond from the pelvis will be much stronger if the bottom and the walls of the basin cement mortar. In addition, if you plan to put in a pond of frogs, it will be much easier for them to get to the surface along the cement surface than by slippery film.

The solution is prepared as follows.: Mix cement and sand in a 1: 3 ratio and diluted with water. It is well stirred up to the depletion of sour cream so that no lumps are left, and the basin is deceived. The thickness of the layer is 2 cm. While the solution at the bottom of the basin is not frozen, it can make various compositions of stones in it. A basin covered with cement, leave to dry at least for a day. After that, it can be painted with black water-repellent paint. When the basin fill the water, the black color will give the surface of the water the mirror effect.

For mini-water bodies with water plants, it is better to use pelvis with a depth of more than 15 cm. In small pelvis, the water will be quickly hot in the summer, and in frosts will laugh up to the bottom and plants will die.

Device

In order for the decorative pond to please the eye, first of all, it is necessary to choose the right place for the reservoir.

Basic rules of choice:

1. Choose a place in a half, so water will bloom less, and the aqueous plants will not be wiped in the sun.
2. Avoid open and well-blowing places.
3. You should not have a reservoir under the trees, otherwise you will constantly have to clean the foliage of the water, and the water will be clogged.

The pond should be located so that his everywhere is clearly visible. Pick up the place in such a way that reflections in the reservoir were interesting and diverse. For example, it can be clouds, trees, house.

As a visual benefit when choosing a place for a pond from the pore, you can use a conventional polyethylene film. Put it on the site of the planned reservoir, and walk, look: will the pond be noticeable from the main species points of your site?

Installation

How to make a small decorative pond from the basin? The basin is made, the place is chosen, now we proceed to the construction of a mini-pond with your own hands.

Tools and materials:

1. Shovel.
2. Pump (if a fountain is planned).
3. Clay or sand for layers.
4. A small amount of cement mortar.
5. Natural stone of different sizes.
6. Pebble for soil or gravel with non-footing edges (if the pelvis is a copper).

Stages of work:

1. Drop the pit, the size of which is a little more pelvis. The edges of the basin must rise above the soil by 5 cm.
2. Make a layer of clay or sand under the bottom of the pelvis and between the walls of the pelvis and the pit. Such a "pillow" will allow you to install the pelvis more smoothly, and the water in it will not quickly warm.
3. The inserted basin on the edges is poured with cement mortar. It is necessary so that the water was tightly held, and so that during the rain the Earth did not wash out from under the edge.
4. The soil is stacked at the bottom of the basin, aquatic plants are planted in it (outer, waterproofs, watering water). You can decorate the pond artificial colors.
5. Fill with basic water.
6. The plot around the reservoir decorate by pebbles or stones. It will be better to look when large stones are posted, and then medium and small.
7. Near the water, you can plant moisture-boring plants, such as a fern or calla, and the adjacent area to plant lawn grass.

If the water in the pond is from the water pipeline, it is pre-need to give to settle. The best option is water from the nearest natural reservoir, but you can use and rainwater.

Photo of finished ponds from the basin.

Basic Pond Care

So that the miniature water garden is clean and well-groomed, you need regularly change water. Water from the pond is traced by a can or bucket. If there are no planted plants at the bottom - choose pebbles and washed with water. If the soil is small and choose it is difficult, then a small amount of water is poured and stirred with a hand with a hand, and then water is removed with a rag. So repeat several times.

Walls and bottom basin wash with sponge or rag. It costs it about once a month, otherwise the water will begin to "bloom" and microorganisms will be headed.

In nature, the role of natural sanitation reservoirs perform snails. Therefore, you can populate your mini-pond, so that they clean and the plants, and the pond itself from algae.

In the heat, water from the water garden evaporates very quickly, and you need to constantly ensure that its level is sufficient. Take water It is necessary for small portions and does not rush to not damage the plants and decorative compositions at the bottom of the pond. If necessary, the pond in the heat can be protected with an awning or canopy.

The miniature pond from the basin can be made on any plot, and the ways to decorate it - a great set, it all depends on the author's imagination.

In compliance with all the simple rules for the arrangement and care of such a mini-pond, an artificial water garden will be present decoration of the country landscape and the pride of the owners.

It is time when summer cottages were associated only with a shovel and potatoes. Today, it is primarily a resting place from urban bustle, the opportunity to relax and have a good time in contact with nature.

It helps to achieve the desired relaxation, the presence of your own lake, the creation of which is quite possible with their own hands, what will be discussed in this article.

A bit of history

Before you take for installation work, let's turn to the origins of the occurrence of this engineering miracle.

The fashion for the arrangement of own water bodies came to us from the East, and three different styles can be distinguished:

1. Near East . These are places where water has a special value in the light of its deficit. Therefore, the waste of creating a whole artificial lake is inappropriate here. Instead, strict geometric shapes of small sizes with built-in fountains are used.

1. China. Here the art of the creation of water bodies resulted in a whole philosophy. Their features are made to fit into the surrounding landscape so that they are harmoniously merged with nature. The usual attributes are the lonely "dream island" in the middle of water stroit.

1. Japan. The lack of space instilled in the Japanese to the asceticism and the rational use of each Pyd of the Earth. In this regard, artificial reservoirs adopted by them are created in the form of a small vessel with water - Tsukbay, which has a stylized stream, arising from bamboo tubes and dwarf trees planted along the coast.

From the east, the decorative element of the garden plot was safely moved to the West and reflected in the following two directions:

1. England. The local design of water bodies, as well as in China, is harmonized with nature and perfectly fits into the surrounding landscape.

1. France. The so-called regular style is used, characteristic of the exact breakdown on the zone, using the correct geometric shapes and tanks rumped over the soil.

Creation of own reservoir

Make the country's cottage with your own hands is not easy, but it is quite possible. Let's look through all the stages in order.

We define with style

The design of the reservoir in the country must match their surrounding and like you. These are the two most important criteria.

So, if you place it in the depths of the garden, you can follow the Chinese and the British, disguised as an artificial pond under natural. If you are planning the location of the tank near the house, the regular style or geometric forms of the Middle Eastern will look more appropriate.

Choose a place, sizes and suitable building materials

After you have decided on a general concept, other equally important solutions are required:

1. Location. Artificial reservoir at the cottage should be covered about five hours a day and be open from the south-west side.

This will provide two main, albeit contradictory, conditions:

• It will limit the intensity of the reproduction of algae, which will protect the water from the rapid seasonal "flowering".

• Provide normal development adorning pond decorative plants.

1. Dimensions. Ideally assume that a home lake will occupy 3% of the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe plot. But not every gardener will decide to allocate 18 square meters from its standard six acres for decorative arrangement. In addition, the larger the pond, the higher the price of its creation.

Therefore, follow the selection of suitable sizes:

• With its material opportunities.
• Combination with already existing buildings.
• Personal preferences.

As for the depth, the water is usually divided into three steps:

Tip: In order for the fish to be, where to overwhelm, it is enough to dig a corresponding depth of the pit in the middle of the tank, and not to do this whole pond. This will save the population and save your material costs.

1. Material. It is possible to distinguish three possible options that differ in their reliability, cost and complexity of implementation:

Name	Features of application
Concrete	Installation of formwork and reinforcement, kneading or buying a finished solution - all this leads to considerable costs and difficulties. Of course, the strength of such a design will be at a high level, so it is recommended to use such a time-consuming method for large multifunctional objects.
Plastic	The finished tank of polypropylene is set much easier. In addition, manufacturers offer a wide range of its shapes and sizes. But even though the project will eventually be cheaper than concreting, it still remains quite expensive and limits the flight of the designer fantasy.
Film	As the saying goes: "cheap and angry". The low cost of the material, the simplicity of its laying and the ability to create a bowl of any form make this option is the most rational for the country area.

Mounting work

Now consider how to make in the country with a reservoir of own forces:

1. It all starts with a sketch. Try to portray it all as much as possible and taking into account the scale. Also consider that it will become a "highlight" of your composition: the stone of an unusual shape, a decorative tree or even a sculpture.

1. We bring sand markup of the intended circuit at the selected place. At the same time, check the level of shores with Waterpas, which should be done periodically throughout the construction work time.

1. We carry out earthworks:

• Remove the first bowl of the Earth in a depth of equal to the top of the upper step.
• Then you watched the contour of the next blowjob and it is already it already.
• The last step in the center creates a pit for wintering fish.

1. We measure the dimensions of the resulting pit, adding 50 cm of the allowance, and according to the received data we buy a dense polyethylene film.
2. We contain the sheets of the old runner or linoleum into the bowl to protect the polyethylene of the main layer.
3. On top of a stele film.

Tip: It is advisable to put polyethylene on a hot sunny day. This will give the material greater elasticity and will allow him without damage to wake all the dangerous sharp sites.

1. On the perimeter, dig a small trench, we bring the edge of the film into it and fall asleep it with gravel.
2. We strengthen the edge by stone blocks to prevent the soil squeezing. Lay out it with a decorative stone.

1. Prepared plants place in plastic containers and install on the curtains.
2. Dno lay out gravel.
3. Fill the tank with water. In this case, measure the volume used for this fluid on the counter, so that it is easier to calculate the desired number of chemicals and select the appropriate pumping equipment.
4. To eliminate the stress H 2 o in the pond, we derive the source above the level of the bowl and connect the immersion pump hose to it, located pre-at the bottom of the reservoir. The mouth of the received stream decorating stones and plants.

Conclusion

Own pond on the country area is the dream of everyone. But the apparent complexity and high cost of this venture is able to stop many.

We also reviewed a way to build with a reservoir on our own and without significant financial costs. Patience, accuracy, compliance with the above recommendations and creative fantasy will allow you to achieve the desired result.

The video in this article will provide your attention additional information that is directly related to the stated materials ().

Imagine your dreams to reality!