What is a leadingness in Russian. Temploying, its concept and application

Tempecios - a special form of verb, which means an extension action with the main action, pronounced by the verb, and answers the questions: what making? What made? as? when? why? and etc.

The grammatical meaning of verbalism, its morphological signs, the syntactic role is due to the main feature of this part of speech - to connect the values \u200b\u200band signs of verb and adverb.

Signs of verb

• denotes an extensive to the main action;
• it is formed from the verb, while maintaining its signs;
• view (perfect and imperfect);
• Mary sat on her bed, crossed hands clinging for the bushes, we began to climb (M. Lermontov) to crush, crossed - verb and verbal spirits. at. (What to do? What made?). Clash, clinging - verb and verbality of nonsense. In (what to do? What do you do?) -thevability (clinging - an exception. clinging - non-NTUR.);
• teperyption is applied by noun, adverbs. pronouns (bright (how?) Dazzling, clinging (for what?) For bushes, seeing (who?) His)
• Temploying with dependent words forms a particle pruder
• Thus, verbality forms phrases: deeprich. + SUMS; Deeprich. + places; Deeprich. + Narche

Signs of adverbs

• at the same time, characterizes the main action, showing how? when? why? and so on. It occurs;
• does not change;
• teepericity refers to the verb-to-beam (sat (what did you do? How?), Cepping);
• the proposal is only a circumstance:
• Returning, I found a doctor. (Time circumstance).
• Not knowing the broth, do not fall into the water (the circumstance of the condition)

How to find a height of hemp (particleless turn)

• Educated from the verb.
• Has suffixes -a, -I, -in, -shi, "
• Indicates an extension action.
• Refers to the verb to the fault
• Answers questions what making? What made? and questions of circumstances.
• It has the dependent words to which the need for verbalia can be asked (see the discharge turnover).

Morphological analysis of Deeprichism

Disability plan

1. Part of speech. General grammatical meaning
2. Morphological signs: initial form (uncertain form of verb); View, repayment
3. unchanged
4. Syntactic role

Sample analysis

Written analysis

Zhurch, still runs for the mill of the stream (A. S. Pushkin).

1. Zhurch is a special form of verb - Tempecility (in: Tempecility), runs (what is making? How?) - Zhurch - denotes an extension effect.
2. N. f. - Burge (Q: Not specified).

Nesov. View, nonzero. f. (does not change).

III. runs (how?) - Zhurch (circumstance of the image of action).

Oral analysis

Zhurch is a special form of verb - follow-up.

First, it denotes the added to the main action (running and rumbles), is formed from the verb to burg. The initial form is to burn (in: not decree.)

Secondly, has morphological signs: an imperfect species does not change.

Thirdly, in the sentence is the circumstance of the image of action.

Education of Deeprichsty

Imperfect species

Indicate an unfinished extension, which occurs simultaneously with the action, a pronounced verb.

Forms from the basis of the current verb with a suffix -a (s):

reading - read

letter - fly

being - will be

finding on - to learn (from the verbs with a suffix -v- desiccation is formed from the basis of the infinitive)

From some verbs [beat, rubbing, they will shovel, flow, etc.), verbalia are not formed.

Perfect species

Indicate a complete additional action, which, as a rule, is performed before the start of the action expressed by the verb.

They are formed from the basis of an uncertain form (last time) with the help of suffixes-in, -shi, - after:

• loading - stroke
• bring - Bring
• cheating - deceive

To suffix -in return suffix -We

Some verbs may form double forms (from the basis of the infinitive and the basis of the past time):

• sunshine - dry
• dry - oars
• outpoted - Outside
• open - Open

Some verbs of verbalia are formed using suffixes, (s) (from the basis of the future time):

• come - come
• after reading - read

Not allocated commas (not separated)

Single verbalia, which switched to the discharge of the adverbs (standing, sitting, joking, silently, lying, slowly, etc.). Such a verbality does not indicate an extension: lying to read badly, you need to read sitting.

Examples:

They walked no hurry (that is, slowly).

He spoke to worrying (that is, excitedly).

Templocoming does not indicate an additional action, and indicates only a sign of action;

Sustainable expressions, phraseological circulation, which includes a leading height (running his head, not to donate hands, staging the heart, shouting without remembering himself, etc.). This turn is replaced by one word.

He ran beating his head (that is, quickly)

Morphological signs

As a form of verb, the verbatility has some of its grammatical signs. Tempecias are:

• perfect species - answer the question of making? (canceling, having sacrifted, thinking),
• imperfect species - answer the question of what making? (Towing, holding, admiring);
• transitional - combined with another word without an excuse (reading the book, looking at the film),
• uncompaired - combined with another word through the pretext (reaching up to the border, adding to the shore);
• returns - ends on the suffix - I (washing, trying),
• non-returnable - without suffix - he is at the end (drawing, dreaming, lowering).

Templocoming, as a special form of verb, is similar to communions and adverbs. Tempecias and communities have the same verb signs - view, transition, return, ability to manage the extensive case. Tempecism and adverbs can be close, even if they do not have common verb signs. They can be written equally in sentences and thereby cause difficulty in determining part of speech. The main difference between the adapters from the adverb is that the verbal spirits can be replaced by the verb, can not need. Compare two offers. 1. Loku on the sofa, he dreamed of a future trip. 2. Lyzh bread will not add. In the first sentence of Lözia - Tempecios, has a dependent word sofa, you can replace the verbs: I dreamed when I was lying. In the second sentence of Lözh - adverb, expresses the circumstance and does not have verb signs, it cannot be replaced by the verb.

Syntactic role

In the sentence of the Deeppripsee is a circumstance.

Entering the hall, I hid in the lot of men and began my observations. In this sentence tempecios Entering - the circumstance of time.

In the chest, smoking, Chernela Rana (M. Yu. Lermontov). Tempecios Smoking - the circumstance of the image of action.

I sat down at the fence and began to listen, trying not to miss a single word. Tempecios Trying - the circumstance of the goal.

I looked around, seeing this little figure under a huge boat cap. Tempecios Seeing the circumstance of the cause.

What is verbaliness in Russian? And got the best answer

Answer from N [Guru]
Temploying is an immutable form of verb that combines signs of verb (species and deposit) and adverbs (immutability, syntactic role of circumstances). It can be said that this is a ungalled adverb.
Templocoming in Russian
According to the origin, the designer in Russian dates back to an inadvertent (brief) form of a nominative case of communion and emerged in ancient Russian due to the loss of forms of declaring inhabited communities.
View
imperfect - denote repeated actions and can be denoted as previously preceding and subsequent actions. It is formed from the verbs of the perfect species with the help of a suffix -in (after) and -shi and answers questions without "C". For example: what to do? What do you do? If the verprepiece calls the previous action, it stands in the proposal to the fae, if the subsequent after.
perfect - answers questions from "C". For example: what made
Syntactic role
Usually adjoins the leap-verb, is a circumstance and does not allow the replacement of the hidden shape of the verb.
Less often adjoins the name of the faugible, a proven brief suffering communion, a brief adjective and nouns.
The adjacent to the legend may designate an additional action that is accompanied by a pronounced legend and is a secondary legend, allows for replacing the hidden form of the verb.
It may not only belong to the legend, but also to other members of the sentence: a supplement - an indefinite form of verb, the definition of communion, the circumstance of verdict.
In the modern Russian language, the action marked by the verdict and the verb-fag must belong to the same subject of action, which does not exclude the use of readiestics in impersonal proposals. Despite the rule, the native speakers often allow mistakes, correlating adherence and verb-leaving with different acts of action. This fact was reflected in the story of Chekhov "The plaintive book" (the phrase "driving up to the Sielia of Stansi and looking at nature in the window, I flew the hat. I. Yarmontkin").
The letter is allocated with commas.
Examples
"Talking, he laughed loudly."
"Arrow, flying, stuck in the tree."
"Winter. The peasant, triumph, / on the woods updates the path "(A. S. Pushkin)

Answer from 2 response[guru]

Hey! Here is a selection of topics with the answers to your question: What is verbality in Russian?

Answer from Varrenik[active]
words answer the question "What Making? What made?" - such as: telling, graduating, flying
it is formed from the verb, let's say the verb to go from it will be a follow-up come
total good 😉

Answer from Hope Sorokina[guru]
Part of speech.

Answer from CONSCIOUS ASTRAL TRAVEL TRAVEL[guru]
Tempecios - a special form of verb, which means an additional (secondary in character) action, and answers the question what making? What made?
Temploying is perfect and imperfect: "Considering" (what does it?) "Resection" (what is making?) Ticking (what does it make?) Being (what made?)
The verbality has signs of two significant parts of speech - verb and adverb.
Also, the leadingness may also be repurposed and non-return: "swaying", "swinging"
It has an adequacy and incompetence: removing (what?) Room, grabbing (what?) Toy, glitter; Step.
Can manage indirect cases of nouns and explained by adverbs "" agreed "(for what?) On the hint, holding (as?) Hard.
Temploying in the letter acts as one member of the sentence - the circumstance explaining the verb-fague: "Leaves flew, (how?) Swinging in the air silently and smoothly"
| Rising to the hill |, (When?) We saw the sea outlined from ice from ice.
Participial turnover
Temploying with dependent words forms a particle prudent: climb on blooming lips (for what purpose?) | Collecting gold pollen | Furgeted from the beehive beehives is a height of the turnover.
A perpetual turnover always acts as one member of the sentence is the circumstance.
On both sides are all parties to the discharge of the turnover (as well as solitary verge of canopy).
If the verbal turnover is part of the phraseological units, then it does not stand out by commas: "Mother listened to the daughter" | Having dried up |
Morphological signs:
Perfect species of the perfect species denote the completed additional action that can happen:
a) Before the start of the main action: in the morning, leaving the priest meadow, geese was flying to the south (E. Asadov). (The adding effect leaving is denoted to the main datamvia-fly);
b) simultaneously with the main acts: "Hell sat at the table, opening a favorite botanical satin and redrawing with paints on glossy paper some refined flower"
Available datamvie (open) is performed simultaneously with the main (sat):
b) After the main datamvia, "the chapel failed the roof, selling the ceiling of the dungeon.
Available datamvie (selling) is performed after the main (failed);
The verbalia of the imperfect species is denoted by an unfinished additive datamvie, which may occur with the main action;
Simultaneously with the basic action: "High in the sky over the hangar of a small point was steam, looking out for something, the hawk" - Paril and looked out at the same time.
Specographic signs:
"Not" with verbalians are usually written separately: "Not having rested" "not having listed", etc.
Not with verprices are written in a punch only in cases where the verbalias are formed from the verbs, which without "not" are not used: "hating", "Intrustting" Nevzlyubiv "
An example of a morphological parsing of verbalia:
"The girl went home, jumping over the rope.
Jumping-owner, denotes an extensive datight, imperfect species, initial form "jump over".
It has such grammatical signs as non-return, incompetence
The proposal is a circumstance.
The designer is formed from the basis of the past time (suffixes - "VS" (Having) - this is if the foundation of the verb will end up to the vowel: played + -A- playing, played by + - - waving;
(suffix -the-) - this is if the base of the verb ends on the consonant: brought (la) + - - - bail;
It is also formed from the foundations of the future time (suffixes -a-, -y-): Ice (AT) + - - - Ice, read (UT) + - read.

Templocoming in Russian

According to the origin, the designer in Russian dates back to an inadvertent (brief) form of a nominative case of communion and emerged in ancient Russian due to the loss of forms of declaring inhabited communities. However, it has and signs of verb - for example, time.

View

• imperfect - denotes the present and future of times. It is formed from the verbs of the imperfect type with the help of suffixes but (-I) And answers the question "What Making?" If the verpriction stands in the past time, then in the sentence it stands to the fague, if in the future - after.
• perfect - denotes the past time and answers the question "What made?". Example: Extract - Feed, sit down - crossed, deserted.

Temperating from the basics of the past time with the suffix - after, after that, knewing, had, had, plowing, licking, kneading) are considered outdated and usually, they just mentioned, previously denoted the action to this time: "I said that, he sat down," Seeing This, he grabbed the forks. " At this time, they are used in the form of a form, educated from returnive verbs: wash - washing, to say, saying, decomposed - decomposed, sprinkle - hungry, etc.

Syntactic role

• Usually adjoins the verb that performs the role of the facility, is the circumstance and does not hide.
• Less often adjoins the name of the leaky, expressed brief adjective or nouns.
• The adjacent to the lean, may designate an additional action that is accompanied by the action that causes the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe faithful; Permits to replace the hidden shape of the verb.

In the modern Russian, the action marked by the verdict and the verb-fag must belong to the same subject of action. Failure to comply with this rule leads to a comic effect described by Czech in the story "" (phrase " Handing to this station and looking at the nature window, I flew the hat. I. Yarmontokin»).

In writing a letter of accompanying momentum (verbality with dependent words) and individual verprices in most cases are allocated by commas.

Examples

• « Talking, he laughed loudly. "
• "Arrow, polyesheye, I went to the tree. "
• "Winter. Peasant, triumph, On firewall updates the path "(, A. S. Pushkin)
• "Not graduate University, I had to get a job. "

see also

Notes

Links

• E. I. Litnievskaya Russian language: short theoretical course for schoolchildren (verpriction)
• Development of the category of verbalia in Russian. The dissertation author's abstract on the degree of doctor of philological sciences.

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Watch what is "follow-up" in other dictionaries:

The shape of the verb representing the action as a sign of another action. In Russian, the verbality has a form of type and collateral; It also refers to the same person or the subject to which the verb is also determined by verbalism. In the sentence usually ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Tempecility, me, cf. In grammar: the form of the verb, which, along with the categories of verb (species, pledge), a sign of adverbs (immutability), for example. Lyezh, playing, taking. | arr. Temployee, Aya, OE. D. Turnover (verbatility with related to him ... ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

Temploying, a verb shape, denoting a secondary action, subordinate to the main, expressed in the proposal to the legend or infinitive in various syntactic functions. In the sentence usually acts as a circumstance (he answered not ... ... Modern encyclopedia

Temploying, verbalism, cf. (grams.). Unregulated adverb, for example. Sitting, reading, taking, leaving, leaving. Explanatory dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary Ushakov

Tempecios - Tempection. The verb form of the Russian Yaz., Having a form of a species and collateral that maintains the control of the verb (see), entering into a combination only with verbal words (see) and denoting a verbal sign or subject, as a compatibility ... ... Dictionary of literary terms

Tempecios - Tempecility, a verb shape, denoting a secondary action, subordinate to the main, expressed in the proposal to the legend or infinitive in various syntactic functions. In the sentence usually acts as a circumstance ("he answered not ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Tempecios - Tempecility is a non-infinite form of the verb (verboid), denoting a secondary action subordinate to the main, expressed in the proposal to the lean or infinitive in various syntactic functions ("wrote, from time to time to look into the book"; ... ... Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary

Unqualified verb shape. Indicates the additional effect of the same subject as the hidden, which coincides in time with the main (the verbality of the present time from the verbs of the imperfect form) or the previously preceded (the leadingness of the past ... Literary encyclopedia

I; cf. Gram. Unbavable form of verb that combines signs of verb and adverbs (for example: hurry, learning, reading, etc.). ◁ Conditional, Aya, OE. D. Turnover (the circumstance, expressed by verbalism with the words depending on it). * * * ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

tempecios - 1. Attribute (reln-great) immutable form of verb, denoting the action (condition, ratio) as a concomitant feature of another action (state, relationship): shiny in the sun, the snow lies (P.) V.V. Vinogradov defined a healer ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Jerebilo

Russian, in addition to independent and service parts of speech, is rich and so-called special forms. These include returnable leading and all kinds of verbalia in general. Many linguists still cannot come to a common opinion about this part of speech. Some argue that this is an independent part of speech, and others - that the role of the verb in the formation and use of verbalism is too large to talk about its independence.

Definition

To begin with, let's remember this independent part of speech or it is also called a special form of the verb, which means action at the primary action. Answers questions "What do you do?", "What is making?"

Related verb forms are in many languages, except Russian: in Latin, French and others, and is called Gerundia.

By origin, it belongs to its desperate form, in other words, brief form of communion in the nominative case. And it originated due to the loss of the shape of the decline of the inelen communion.

Double Nature

The verbatility of any kind is often confused with the verb or adverb. And all because this part of speech has a double nature.

Consider what signs were given a verb and adverbing verbal spirits:

Writing with "not"

In frequent cases, leadingness with a particle "not" is written separately (because everyone remembers the well-known rule: "not" with verbs are written separately).

Example: without reading without deciding.

But there is, as you know, exclusion from the rules. Returnable canopy and other types of this part of speech with a particle "not" will be written in a punk if:

1. Templocoming is formed from verbs, which without "not" are not used (indigrant, underestimating, rearing);
2. The verbal spirits are formed from the verbs with the prefix "undo-" (inappropriate, intense).

In addition, any word and his writing is necessary to look at the context. The cunning Russian language can be presented by surprises, even the guidelines for the suffixes of returnable leaders and irrevocate will not be able to help.

Example: "Not rejected" and "underwent."

The sister goes to the university, not reaching breakfast. - Here the word is used in the context "does not eat entirely."

During the war, people could live, underwent months. - Here the word is used in the context "not founded, there were almost hungry."

Syntactic role

Returnable verbatility, as well as other types of verbalia, have the following features:

• Adjament to the verb-to-beam, being a circumstance.
• Do not hide.
• Rarely adjacent to the nominal faugible, which is a noun or brief adjective.
• Adjacent to the leaky, denoting an extension action that accompanies the main action expressed by the leakage;
• It is possible to replace the hidden shape of the verb.

In writing speech there are those stand out by commas.

Tempecios - This is a special form of verb, which is the value of actions, which is added with respect to the verb-to-beam in this sentence.

Tempecius is a member of the sentence

Tempecility responds to such questions as "that making", "what is making" and has signs of both verbs and adverbs. The verbality is a form of verb and has its morphological signs.

In sentences, the Decreation is the circumstance and does not change. Example: Slept, swinging, boat.

Temperse does not have a temporary category, they express time relatively or simultaneously with the action of the verb faith or preceding it.

Temploying and a height turnover.

Temployees with dependent words form and are always isolated. But if they lose signs of verb, go to adverbs and are used to enhance the quality of the subject, then the proposal is no longer subjected. Examples:

She was not in a hurry; Dmitry listened to Him frowning (M. Gorky)

Temploying and turnover: examples.

If verbatility with dependent words denote an additional action, adjacent to the legend, then this action must be carried out to those who are called in the subject.

Example: Boys dispersed dogs taking The young lady under his cover (A. Pushkin).

It is erroneous is the use of verbalia and revolutions, when an extension action is not performed by a person, which is subject to this proposal. For example: Hoothing To the station, I flew the hat (A. Chekhov).

If the verprepiece or turnover is used in an impersonal sentence, then only in where there is a valid person in a dutiful case. For example: Preparing for practiceI had to go to the library often.

Education of verbalia.

Types of Deeprichstiy depend on the degree of perfection of action and are:

• perfect species;
• imperfect look.

Temploying of imperfect species

Temply of imperfect species give an answer to the question "What do you do?" And implies an action that occurs simultaneously with another action (which is denoted by the beam). For example: Standing on the table, he took the books from the top shelf.

This type of verbalia is formed using a suffix - (-th-). Exceptions:

• verbs to -halo (oven, wool),
• verbs to-like (wither, knit, squeeze)
• from some verbs with hissing at the base (written, lick).

Perfect of perfect species

Perfect of perfect species Denotimating the action that precedes the action of the verb-fag, give an answer to the question "What made?" For example: Getting on the table, he took out a book from the top shelf.

They are formed by suffixes

• -the- (for obsolete forms),

Variative forms can be on-and - (- π-). For example, "frowning - frowning."