Plastic windows can be installed in any kind of structure: stone, concrete, wood. But installation in a structure made of wood requires more attention, since wood is prone to shrinkage due to drying out. Wood that dries up turns into the strongest press capable of deforming the window block. As a result, the window structure ceases to function correctly, it may squint. Let's consider how to avoid such a situation and install windows without errors. Let's dwell on the specifics of the PVC window structure, its strengths and weaknesses.
Advantages of PVC windows
PVC windows are PVC window constructions. This material is a chemical synthetics based on petroleum ethylene, chlorine. This polymer is resistant to various influences and lasts for a long time. Window structures made of the specified material are resistant to:
- sun rays;
- high humidity;
- exposure to insects;
- the influence of organisms invisible to the eye.
PVC for window constructions is a tough and durable material. The strength of the polymer is several times higher than the strength of wooden structures and can withstand drops of one hundred degrees - from fifty degrees below zero to fifty degrees above zero.
Polyvinyl chloride consists of the following components:
- stabilizers;
- modifiers;
- dyes;
- fillers;
- lubricants.
The material serves for a very long time, manufacturers give a twenty-year guarantee, but it is still impossible to make sure whether this is so. The service life of the first installed windows has not yet passed. The assertions that even in fifty years the windows will not lose their properties are possibly real. But window seals fail much faster. As practice shows, they need to be changed every eight to ten years. In general, the service life of a seal depends on the temperature of each specific location.
Among the advantages of plastic structures are the following:
- high quality material and resistance to various influences;
- tightness of the structure - being in the room, a person is reliably protected from noise, dust, gases and harmful substances;
- high sound insulation capacity - windows are able to significantly dampen extraneous sounds;
- reliable thermal protection - complete protection against drafts and reliable heat preservation;
- profitability - saving heat resources;
- attractiveness of designs - you can use not only standard windows, but also translate design ideas into reality.
The main properties of PVC window structures
Supporters and opponents of plastic windows argue over the safety of these structures for health. Those who argue about the unsafeness of structures for human health argue this by the presence of lead in the basis of raw materials. But lead in windows is completely safe, moreover, most manufacturers have replaced this material with others. The fact that PVC window structures are quite economical and environmentally friendly is confirmed by certificates:
- thanks to PVC windows, heat is stored in the room and this saves resources and money;
- plastic structures save wood resources and thus prevent deforestation.
In some countries, the government pays money to residents who have installed plastic structures for their personal contribution and concern for conserving natural resources.
Opponents of plastic structures argue that over time, plastic takes on an unaesthetic appearance, as it turns yellow and fade. But at present, the technology for the production of plastic windows has improved and the color is not lost under the influence of natural forces.
In the event of a fire inside the room, window structures of this type will "hold back" the fire, since the plastic structure has high thermal insulation capabilities.
Types of plastic windows
There is a huge variety of plastic windows in the construction segment. They are different in many ways: shape, size, number of sashes, the option of opening them, types of double-glazed windows, types of profiles. Currently, manufacturers provide windows with various kinds of decoration, varying degrees of transparency.
By the number of sashes, the windows are divided into one, two and three-sash. The option chosen depends on the location of the localization, the size of the structures and the individual characteristics of the dwelling. For a small window, it will be convenient to have one sash. For typical apartments, it is recommended to install a pair of windows.
With regard to opening windows, the following options are distinguished:
- a blind design is the most ill-conceived window in relation to its functional tasks;
- rotary elements;
- folding elements;
- combined elements.
Its operational capabilities depend on the characteristics of the profile. PVC itself has low thermal conductivity, but chambers with air inside the structure help to retain heat several times better. The thermal conductivity of the window and the air temperature in the dwelling depend on the number of chambers. There are from three to seven cameras.
Three-chamber windows are installed in rooms that do not require heating: farm buildings, sheds.
As for the six and seven-chamber windows, they do not perform their functions better than four or five-chamber windows, so there is no point in overpaying for the construction.
As for the marking of profiles with letters, there are types: A, B and C. Type "A" is used in dwellings. "B" and "C" are recommended for use in factories or warehouses.
The glazing of the structure itself can be made using two, three or four sheets of glass. They are fixed at the required distance from one another and form chambers.
Double-glazed windows can be one, two and three-chambered. This point can be confusing when buying a window. It should be clarified which cameras are meant, in the frames themselves or in the double-glazed windows.
Plastic structures for a wooden house
With the installation of plastic windows in wooden walls, you will have to study the theory of the issue in order to do everything right. Some people think that it is impossible to install plastic windows in old wooden type buildings. But in fact, no, it can be done in any type of premises. You can install windows yourself, provided that you have minimal knowledge of the building blocks. The main thing is to take into account the peculiarities of wood as a material and take into account the fact that the wooden frame of the house can also sag.
After you have chosen the windows for a wooden house, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the technology of "okosyachki". This technique is aimed at preventing deformation of window structures, regardless of the selected material.
As statistics show, a wooden house shrinks up to thirty-five centimeters. Depending on the basis of the structure, twelve months after the construction of the house, it sinks in any case, this is a natural process. The maximum error will be provided that the house is erected from rounded timber, the minimum - from glued timber. An ordinary timber can sag by thirty to forty centimeters. This is taken into account as a factor capable of deforming window structures. Deformation can manifest itself in the impossibility or difficulty in opening and closing the window.
Builders advise not to install plastic structures in new homes until it has shrunk. But experience shows that old structures can also deform windows. But what to do, isn't it impossible to install plastic metal structures in wooden houses? In fact, experienced builders have developed installation technology that will allow PVC windows to be used to their full potential.
Installation instructions for plastic windows
For the successful implementation of installation work, it is important to plan and carry out competent preparatory work, they consist of the following actions:
- it is necessary to dismantle the old window structure;
- clean the grooves from construction waste and dust;
- correctly measure the window opening, write down the calculations;
- if the window opening does not match the dimensions of the new window frame, it must be adjusted to the dimensions using special solutions for working with wooden surfaces.
At the preparatory stage, a decision is made on the shape of the window, the number of sashes, in what color it will be and in how many packages.
When all decisions are made, the order of insulating glass units is carried out according to the requirements.
Okosyachka is the next stage in the installation of a metal-plastic structure.
It is possible to finally install the window structure in a wooden structure after preparing the window. This is a structure made of wooden beams, aimed at supporting the weight of the load-bearing walls and not allowing the window to deform. The required size of the bar is ten by fifteen centimeters. Using a chisel, connecting grooves are made on these bars, about five centimeters wide. Longitudinal cuts are made using a chainsaw. All manipulations are controlled by the building level.
Plastic structures are inserted into the prepared jigging system and fixed with fasteners. The order of installation work is as follows:
- with the help of fasteners, the window system is fastened into a single frame;
- below with a wooden wedge leave a small distance;
- a window frame is inserted into the system of the manufactured window and secured with fastening structures;
- pre-removed window sashes are installed;
- all gaps must be filled with polyurethane foam;
- the wooden wedge, which was laid beforehand, is removed.
A window, installed specially in a wall made of wooden material, performs several important tasks:
- does not allow the structure of wood to move vertically;
- does not interfere with the vertical shrinkage of the log house;
- reinforces the wall in the place of the window opening.
Experienced builders insist on installing a window, even when installing plastic windows in an old wooden house. They argue that this measure is simply necessary. A structure made of wood all the time, to one degree or another, changes its size - it swells during rain, and dries up during heat.
Tool for the installation of plastic structures
The most important process is the process of installing plastic structures in their designated place. To do this, it is advisable to prepare in advance the entire tool that will be needed in the process of mounting the structure:
- drill for woodwork;
- screwdriver;
- fasteners: anchor bolts and plates;
- polyurethane foam;
- spray bottle with water.
Naturally, other tools will be needed during the work. Ideally, this work should be done with a partner who can feed the tool, hold the structure as needed.
Installing plastic elements is a challenging type of construction activity. If you are installing plastic windows yourself, take into account all the recommendations of specialists.
Calculation of plastic windows
It is not easy to calculate the dimensions correctly, it is a very difficult process that is best entrusted to a professional from a window workshop. Recently, an online calculator for plastic structures has appeared, which allows you to find out the exact cost. It is very convenient. There are various filters on the sites:
- you can choose the layout of the future window structure;
- decide on the configuration;
- in the configuration, a choice is made by type, profiles, types of double-glazed windows;
- after that, just click on the button and the calculation of the plastic structures will be performed.
The cost of window structures is influenced by the number of sashes, the choice of additional fittings, additional functions of the glass unit, the color of the profile.
To imagine how the installation of plastic metal structures in wooden houses takes place in practice, watch the video. In fact, you can install windows on your own, for this you need to take into account the specifics and features of this method and follow the recommendations of specialists.
Greetings, dear readers!
I decided to replace the old windows in a wooden house myself. It's not easy at all, so before that I reviewed a bunch of sites and forums, talked with friends who performed the installation. And he identified for himself the basic rules in the installation.
First you need to take measurements of the windows in order to know the exact dimensions and order the window correctly.
Next, you need to dismantle the old windows. Then he prepares the installation site of the window, for this you need to remove the dust and debris accumulated during dismantling. Next, we carry out the installation of the window sill and prepare the plastic window for installation. Then we install the window itself.
At the first time it seems very simple, but there are small nuances, given which you can easily do it. I want to tell you more about the installation later in this article.
Do-it-yourself installation of plastic windows in a wooden house. Installation technology. Instruction, photo
The installation of plastic windows with your own hands in the prepared window of a wooden house, like other construction and installation work, is carried out using a building level and a plumb line.
It is very important that the plastic windows in the house are strictly level, otherwise an open, for example, a window sash will close itself or, on the contrary, open under its own weight. Thus, the technology of installing plastic windows in the window of a wooden house includes setting it to a level and a plumb line before fixing the window.
Here is our, developed by our own experience, instructions for installing plastic windows in a log house.
First, I would like to note one point that will need to be remembered when buying plastic windows: When you buy windows, it would be good to immediately buy mounting fasteners for them, ideally 6 pieces per window.
These are iron plates (see photo), which, with the help of small efforts, are fixed in special technical sleds on the sides of the window frame. Thus, the frame is attached to the box with self-tapping screws through these mounting fasteners.
During installation, many installers of plastic windows fix the window by drilling through the frame, but this is a violation of technology, and the tightness of special air chambers in the profile of a plastic window is thus violated, so this is not our method.
Plastic windows in a wooden house are generally a very capricious thing in theory, but if the correct installation technology is followed, then such windows in your house will last a long time, without upsetting their owners with all sorts of distortions and other malfunctions.
In order that the installation of windows with your own hands does not turn into torment, we advise you to remove the window sashes from the window frame. To remove them, you need to pull the pins out of the hinges. Without window sashes, the frame weighs a little, and it will be much more convenient to turn it over, which will greatly facilitate the installation of windows.
The instructions for installing plastic windows in the prepared window of a wooden house are as follows:
Align the window. We put the window on the lower part of the opening on chips with a thickness of about 2 cm and adjust it horizontally in level. For setting the horizontal level, the best tool in our opinion is the water level.
Water cannot be fooled, it always aligns with the horizon.
Thus, having installed the window exactly at the level of the horizon, placing chips of the required thickness under the frame for this, will leave about a two-centimeter gap below for foaming with polyurethane foam, we proceed to setting the vertical level so that the window sashes do not live their own lives.
How the vertical level is set when installing a plastic or any other window, I think, is not worth explaining in detail, everything is clearly visible in the photo.
After we put the window on the level, we fasten it to the window with self-tapping screws through the above-mentioned mounting fasteners.
There is one technological point here - do not hit the crest of the log on which the jig is sitting with a self-tapping screw.
It is better to screw the self-tapping screw a little obliquely than to deprive the construction of the window of independence from the log house in terms of the free movement of the carriages along the crests of the logs.
The next step in our instructions for installing plastic windows in a wooden house will be to mount the window sashes. It is imperative to hang the sashes on the window before foaming, but if you foame the frame without sashes, the foam can slightly bend the frame, and the sashes will not close / open well.
Thus, if the technology is followed correctly and the installation of the window and the plastic window is carried out smoothly, your window should stand in such a way that there will be approximately 2 cm distances from all sides from the frame to the window for mounting foam.
And above the upper part of the window, there will be a gap of 5-10 cm to the log for shrinking the log house, so that when it is completely dry, the upper logs do not press on the windows.
Foaming the window. Control check - On the already fixed, but not yet foamed window, with the sashes inserted, open the window and look.
If the half-open sash of the plastic window does not try to open further or, on the contrary, close, then our window is installed correctly and you can foam the frame with polyurethane foam.
Here is our do-it-yourself technology for installing plastic windows. We hope you find it useful in the construction of your wooden house! Happy construction!
http: //dachnyklub.rf/
How to install plastic windows in a wooden house with your own hands
In our wooden house, we decided to replace the old wooden windows with modern plastic ones. This article discusses in detail the installation of double-glazed windows with your own hands in a house made of wood. The article is based on personal experience. Why is it profitable to install windows yourself:
When installing double-glazed windows in a wooden house by a supplier or manufacturer, the cost of the window together with the installation will cost 40-50% more from its original cost.
As a rule, about 95% of companies that install windows do not guarantee the quality of installation in a wooden house. Therefore, when self-installing plastic windows in a wooden house, you do not lose the warranty period, but only save for your own good.
Installation of windows is shown on the example of self-assembly of a double-glazed window, without the help of outsiders, which takes an average of two and a half hours (for one window). Further, the process of inserting a plastic window into the window opening of a wooden house is described step by step.
Removing old windows
Self-installation of double-glazed windows in a wooden house is carried out on a solid foundation (frame). Since in our example, window boxes were installed quite recently (about 5 years ago) and were without damage (cracks, chips, putrefactive formations and wormholes), we decided to use them instead of a frame for installing new windows.
Old window frames that are in good condition and have sufficient strength can be reused, for example, to install a greenhouse.
Therefore, in order not to damage the wood of the frame, their dismantling must be carried out carefully, and before that it will not hurt to remove the glass from them. In our case, we didn’t pull the glass out of the frame, since the sturdy frames did not warp when they were removed and were dismantled quite easily.
Preparation of a place for the installation of a double-glazed window
With a dry and clean cloth (or a soft brush), wipe the window frame, remove the waste and debris accumulated after dismantling.
The PVC window sill is installed first, as it is the base of the glass unit when it is installed. In this regard, the window sill should be installed as evenly as possible (ideally horizontally). We check the exact horizontality of the installation of the window sill with a level both in the longitudinal position and in the transverse one.
To make the window sill stand firmly, we make cuts well up to 8 mm deep on the sides of the window box. To adjust the evenness of the window sill, we use special plates made of plastic or fiberboard, or thin wooden planks pre-treated with an antiseptic. After the final installation of the window sill, we measure the evenness of the window sill with a building level.
We fasten the window sill with screws to the bottom of the window box, while making an indent from the outer end of the window sill by 2 cm.When tightening the screws, we put washers under their caps in order to protect the surface of the window sill from damage that is possible if it breaks through with a screw cap (at PVC window sill cavities are available). After the window is fully installed, the attachment points of the window sill will not be visible, since they will be hidden from the eye.
Preparing a plastic window for installation
At the very beginning, even before you start installing the window, you need to install the handle. It is not yet necessary to remove the entire protective film from the window surface, since it protects the window from possible mechanical damage.
Note!
The protective film is removed only in the place where you want to install the handles. When installing the handle handles, they must be in a horizontal position.
This position means that the window opens on its side, while if the handle is turned down, the window will be locked in the closed state, but if the handle is turned up, the window will open in the rolling mode.
We fix the handle to the window on two bolts, move the handle down. On the side racks of the window (at the ends) we make markings for making holes on which the window will be fixed to the block.
Then we drill with an electric drill according to this marking two through holes (lower and upper) in the right pillar of the glass unit and in the lower pillar (4 holes in total). The distance between the lower and upper parts of the glass unit to the hole should be from 25 to 35 cm. The drill diameter for this work should be 6 mm, while the diameter of the self-tapping screw is 5 mm.
In order for the screw head to firmly rest against the window frame, we drill holes on the side racks from the inside for fastening with a drill with a large diameter of 10 mm, up to the metal frame itself. The hole should be such that the head of the self-tapping screw passes freely into the cavity of the window pillar.
Window installation
We install the assembled window into the window opening. The center is controlled by measurements taken with a tape measure starting from the edge of the window and ending with the surface of the window frame on both sides, the distance should be the same (approximately 1 cm each).
We install the window on the surface of the previously installed window sill. Since we have already checked the window sill for evenness with the help of a building level, there is no need to control the window itself for horizontalness.
For the installation of a window parallel to the wall of the house, we install a building level between the wall and the siding for an emphasis. If the house was sheathed with another finishing material, for example, clapboard, which fits snugly against the wall and does not allow placing a level, then a plumb line must be used for control.
We install a spacer bar 1 cm wide between the window frame and the window. It is necessary that this block fits between the window frame and the window tightly enough. This block is needed as a stop at the moment when the window will be fastened in the window opening using self-tapping screws.
If this is not done, then the window, when fastened, may go to the side (it will simply be taken away) and at the same time the mechanism for opening and closing the window will function poorly, or the window sash will not open at all.
When the installation of the thrust bars is completed, and the window is aligned with the level or slope parallel to the wall of the house, then we fix the glass unit with self-tapping screws. We fix the window to the window box from the bottom and top of its side posts, so that the self-tapping screw is in the free space between the box and the window.
Such an attachment is not only reliable, but also provides a floating effect. If there are seasonal movements in the structure of the house that skew the window openings, then the windows that are not rigidly bound to the box are almost not skewed, due to the fact that the self-tapping screw can arbitrarily move towards the skew of the window box.
Installation of double-glazed windows in a wooden house
First, we install adjustment plates between the drain holes. This is necessary so that the glass unit does not cover the holes through which the condensate is drained from the window.
We carefully install a double-glazed window into the window opening. We make sure that it does not fit tightly between the pillars of the window, since when seasonal changes and, accordingly, distortions of the window frame occur, the glass can burst.
Note!
If you have a tight entry of the glass unit, and there is no gap between the window pillars and the glass unit (at least 5 mm), then you should contact the company that made the windows for you according to your order for an explanation so that the company's employees eliminate this drawback. It is necessary to check the gaps between the frame and the glass unit even before removing the old window.
We install the glass unit evenly and fix it with plastic glazing beads, which have profile spikes inserted into the grooves of the window frame by lightly tapping on the glazing beads, in which the spike goes into the groove and a click is heard. A click means that the bead is securely fastened.
After the window is installed, we fill the void between the window frame and the window with foam for installation, both from the inside and from the outside of the house. Excess cured polyurethane foam is cut off with a sharp knife.
After that, you can start finishing with platbands, fittings and drainage.
source: http://stroykaportal.ru/
How to properly install plastic windows in a wooden house
The relevance of the question: "How to install plastic windows in a wooden house" (and not only plastic ones) lies in the fact that wooden houses are very unstable. Moreover, unlike a stone or reinforced concrete house, this instability manifests itself throughout the entire service life of a wooden house.
If these factors are not taken into account when installing plastic windows or doors in a wooden house, very unpleasant (to put it mildly) problems can arise!
What is the peculiarity of a wooden house? And the fact that the tree tends to "shrink", especially in the first years after construction. Those who claim that the frame shrinks in a year after its installation are mistaken.
Yes, the most noticeable shrinkage occurs in the first year, but the process continues for at least 5 years, and in some climatic zones - all life! As the logs or beams dry, the height of the wall can decrease by up to 1.5 cm per meter of masonry. This means that the height of the wall can "dry out" up to 6 cm.
And imagine now what will become of the plastic window if you, as always, left a gap for the foam of 2 - 2.5 cm ?! So is the installation of plastic windows in a wooden house generally unrealistic? Quite the opposite!
But only if a special structure is installed in the opening, called a casing or casing.
The purpose of this structure is to give windows (and not only plastic ones) complete independence from the load-bearing walls of the house, to exclude even the slightest load on the window during shrinkage or curvature of the walls:
- The cage does not allow the logs to move from the vertical in the window opening.
- Does not interfere with vertical shrinkage.
- It takes over the entire load.
- Strengthens the wall of the house in the area of the opening.
Let's take a closer look at this system. The simplest casing option is when a vertical groove of 50x50 mm is cut at the ends of the logs of the opening and a bar of the same size is inserted into it.
But this method of squinting is suitable ONLY for wooden windows. Therefore, we will not dwell on it. A more reliable option for casing is when a ridge is made at the ends of the logs, and a window carriage with a groove is put on it.
Now, when shrinking (due to the ridge), the logs will slide inside the groove without deviating from the vertical and without pressing the window.
It happens that the groove is made in the logs, and the spike is on the carriage, the main meaning, I think, is clear.
Window carriages are vertical beams 150x100 mm, at the ends of which cutouts 50x50 are made for inserting horizontal lintels - boards 150x50 mm with spikes at the ends.
The assembled cage is made less than the window opening by 7 - 8 cm in height. This gap is left in the calculation for the shrinkage of the wall. When assembling the jigs in the opening, we put the crests of the rolled tow and stuff the carriages on it. This will save us from squeaks during shrinkage and insulate the opening.
Note!
Further, the procedure is as follows - we lay the lower lintel, fill the carriages with tow on the ridge, put the upper lintel into the upper gap and lower it into the grooves. We fasten the entire structure with self-tapping screws, trying not to grab the ridge, otherwise the whole point of installing the casing will be lost. In the gap between the window and the logs, we also hammer in tow.
But now you can insert plastic windows into a wooden house without fear of the consequences. We carry out installation in compliance with all technology: steam - noise - moisture protection. The gap between the casing and the frame is filled with thin boards wrapped in tow.
As the house shrinks, they have to be knocked out and replaced with others. For this, the upper casing (attached only to the casing) is carefully removed and, after replacing the filling, is put in place.
At the seminars, I was often asked the question, why would a window fitter know the technology of building a wooden house. And then, so that you can determine whether it is possible to install a window in this opening.
And, if necessary, equip it with a classic casing. Of course for a fee. In my practice, there have been such cases.
Now such an important point. You insert a plastic window into a wooden house where there are wooden windows. The platbands were removed for accurate measurement, but there is no casing. That is, the box of the old window plays the role of a window.
This is where you have to make a choice (to the owner, but with your help): redo the window opening for the casing or very significantly reduce the size of the future window. After all, on each side you need to add the thickness of the casing + the window frame + the gap for the foam. And what will be left there ?!
And in conclusion, I want to warn you:
Helpful advice!
In no case agree to install windows without casing in the opening. Even if the owner proves that the house is 300 years old and "all the shrinkage has already settled." The tree "breathes" all its life with everything, as they say, arising.
Well, in the most extreme case, you can yield to the client, under his responsibility. But do not forget in this case in the contract, in the column "Guarantee" to put a dash !!!
All the same, the installation of plastic windows in a wooden house requires very serious attention.
Plastic double-glazed windows have better characteristics than wooden structures. Due to their high performance indicators, such windows are actively used in both concrete and wooden buildings.
Installation of plastic windows in a wooden house differs from installation in concrete and block buildings. The technology consists of long-term preparation, the main purpose of which is to prevent the destruction of the glass unit from shrinking at home. During work, you need to follow certain rules that will help extend the life of the structure.
Installation
The installation of a double-glazed window, regardless of the age of the house, is practically indistinguishable. In both cases, installation begins with the casing. It is this structure that protects the window from destruction in the process of shrinkage and natural expansion of wood.
The installation of plastic structures requires specific skills and knowledge from the master, without which the work cannot be carried out. If you have no experience in carpentry work, it is better to turn to professionals. The main difficulty in assembling the casing for the window is the assembly of the tongue-and-groove lock. It is this fastening that ensures reliable connection of parts and protection of the frame from deformations.
The shrinkage of an ordinary wooden house can reach 20-30 cm, which is noticeable when using structures made of metal and plastic, the shape of which does not change over time. The amount of shrinkage depends on the type of wood. So the average shrinkage a year after the assembly of the log house is:
- for log houses 50-60 mm;
- buildings from a bar 30-30 mm;
- buildings made of laminated veneer lumber 15-30 mm.
These indicators are small, but they should be taken into account. The shrinkage of the building in the first year of the felling can lead to the squeezing of windows by the upper crowns of partitions and walls.
The shrinkage of a building lasts up to 5 years, depending on the humidity of the air, the size of the house and the season. But even after 5 years, the house still “breathes”, and therefore PVC products are installed in old buildings with casing.
Preparatory stage
To figure out how to install plastic windows in a wooden house, you will need to follow certain instructions. Before assembly, the following work must be carried out:
- disassembly and removal of the old structure (for old houses);
- cleaning the opening from dust, chips and old paint;
- taking measurements of the opening and calculating the dimensions of the future window;
- preparation of a diagram or drawing;
- alignment of the walls of the opening in case of violation of symmetry;
- for leveling, use a primer, sealant and putty;
- choice of the view of the future window (sash format, material color and size of the entire structure);
- definition of the firm of the product.
When all the works described above are completed, they order a window according to the dimensions of the opening. There are several features of the installation of plastic products.
Installation of the structure
After delivery, the window must be kept at room temperature. For installation you need to:
- screwdriver and drill bits;
- mallet and chisel;
- anchor fasteners;
- wedges for spacers;
- polyurethane foam;
- key for PVC windows;
- pliers;
level and tape measure.
The installation of a plastic window in a wooden house is carried out in pairs, since it is more convenient to lift it and fasteners together. The weight and size of the glass unit does not allow it to be carried alone.
Note! It is recommended to install PVC windows in calm and warm weather (above minus 10).
Functions and types of casing structures
Casing is called a box of boards, installed around the window along the perimeter of the opening. The construction device allows you to mount it with your own hands so that it "floats" inside the frame and does not depend on the shrinkage of the building. To fasten the casing to the frame, grooves are used, they are placed on the sides of the window opening. The casing itself is seated at the ends on the spikes.
To prevent the casing from being blown through in winter, it is fixed with tow, linen or fiber compactor.
A small gap is left in the upper part of the casing, which maintains the integrity of the structure during shrinkage. After assembling such a frame, the movements of the log house do not affect the window in any way, and most importantly, shrinkage will not be able to harm the structure of the glass unit.
In this case, the walls will shrink, and the window will not be damaged. Discussions are divided into several types, depending on the types of attachment:
- In the mortgage bar. The fastening is based on a bar placed in a groove in the ends of the opening. In addition, it passes through the casing posts.
- Into the thorn. Such structures have a special spike that is installed on the side elements of the casing. The groove is in the logs of the opening.
- Into the deck. The thorn in this case is located at the ends of the logs. There is a groove in the casing posts.
The box is a floating mechanism, during the installation of which deformation of the plastic window is impossible. Do-it-yourself installation of wooden windows is carried out using a different technology.
It is necessary to perform calculations very accurately, because even with a slight error, the risk of deformation of the box will increase. In addition, the structure may be leaky. Correct installation of the box is a prerequisite for the quality of the window service.
Execution of mowing
There are simple and complex jaws. Each of these types of construction has its own advantages. For example, a simple window is quickly erected, and a complex one eliminates vertical deformation of the window. When creating a simple window, the option already described in the article is selected - using grooves and bars.
A complex system requires cutting a ridge in the opening. A carriage with grooves is put on it. This design option is more reliable. During the shrinkage of the house, the ridge is shifted in such a way that vertical deviations of the plastic structure are excluded.
The casing is made of bars. Using a chisel, it is necessary to knock out a groove in the center of the bar with dimensions of 0.5x0.5 cm.One of the important points is to do the marking of the ridge with your own hands. How high-quality it turns out, the design of the window, will depend on the accuracy of the markings performed.
When the ridge is ready, you need to start forming the opening. The bars should be installed using a level. This takes into account the shrinkage gap. It is 0.5 cm at the top and 1 cm on each side. The frame, which is made of beams, is best strengthened using dowels. The resulting cracks are sealed with tow. Then we install the plastic frame.
Installing the plastic frame
After the preparation and installation of the window, the installation of the plastic structure should be started. Installation of a window without casing is a mistake. The parallels should be checked first. The gaps between the frame and the PVC glass unit are determined. For foaming, leave 3 cm on the side and about 5 cm on top. Then you can start directly installing PVC windows in a wooden house.
The structure must be attached to the designated place on special elements. They can be purchased at every construction equipment store. Such fasteners are metal plates with holes.
Advice! It is better to use special fasteners, because the use of self-tapping screws does not ensure the tightness and thermal insulation of the structure.
Installation of a plastic window is carried out with a level. If this rule is not met, the design may turn out to be tilted. This circumstance can significantly reduce the aesthetic appearance of the window and its performance.
Advice! Before installing the structure, the sashes should be removed. This will make the window lighter, which will have a beneficial effect on the ease of installation.
After fixing the window in the opening, the formed gap should be foamed. For reliable fixation of the installed structure, a bar is used. This will avoid shifting the window during foaming. When the foam dries, they should be removed. Care should be taken when installing windows in a wooden house in the casing. In this case, you will have to determine the correct mounting position of the screws. Do not fix the window in the area of the ridge.
At this point, the window installation process can be considered complete. Now it remains to put on the sash and let the foam dry. This method of installing a plastic structure in the country is correct. If you are not confident in your own abilities, you should call professionals. However, self-installation of a plastic window is a significant cost saving. To do the job as efficiently as possible, you need to follow the instructions.
conclusions
The installation of a plastic structure in a wooden house is done with your own hands as simply as possible. To do this, you will need to perform accurate calculations and prepare a specific set of tools. All work is carried out as carefully as possible. This is necessary for the long service life of the glass unit.
During work, it is necessary to follow a certain sequence of actions, as well as follow some rules. It is important to take into account the peculiarities of the shrinkage of wooden walls. If you follow the advice of professionals, the plastic glass unit will serve well for many years.
Video editing will help to cope with the task as efficiently as possible:
As practice shows, plastic windows (PVC or eurowindows with double-glazed windows) have higher energy saving rates than ordinary wooden ones. For this, as well as for a number of other reasons, more and more often PVC windows are preferred in the construction or reconstruction of a wooden house.
Of course, this is a controversial preference, however, we will not figure out which windows are better - wooden or plastic.
In this article, we will consider how to independently install plastic windows in a wooden house (as well as a log house from a log or bar). Let's do this using the example of the most common installation method.
The window installation process consists of several stages:
- Dismantling of old windows in a wooden house
- Preparing openings for installing new windows
The disassembly process, most often, does not present any particular difficulties. For work, you will need a saw (chainsaw, electric saw), an ax, a nail puller or a crowbar.
If the windows are old and the window frames are rotten and worthless, then you can mercilessly destroy everything and everyone, without worrying about the safety of the latter.
If the window frames are in good condition, then carefully remove them, after removing the glass. These frames can serve as a greenhouse, gazebo or other construction needs.
When dismantling old windows, it is imperative to observe safety precautions when working with cutting and chopping tools, use safety glasses when working with saws. Before sawing the structure, make sure that there are no nails or any metal pins - this will save the tool (saw band) and protect against possible injury, since when the saw gets jammed, it is rather difficult to hold it in your hands.
Preparing openings for installing new windows
After removing the frame, it is necessary to make sure that the window opening is suitable for installing a new window. Namely, check the condition of the wood of the window box, the absence of traces of rot, wormholes, cracks, chips and other damage. It is recommended to treat it with protective compounds. If the window frame is not suitable for further use, then it must be replaced with a new one. This requires a good, dried planed board. The corners can be fastened with locks (for example, a groove-thorn), or you can simply twist on self-tapping screws of sufficient length. It is imperative to treat the structure with protective compounds.
When replacing the window frame, you can conduct an audit and, if necessary, replace the vapor-waterproofing, insulation materials, check the condition of the material (wood) in the window opening of the wall.
It may be necessary to replace any sections of the opening. For example, in log houses, the sections of logs located under the window opening are most often affected. In this case, the damaged areas are cut out and replaced with pieces of logs of suitable size. The replaced sections are fastened depending on the possibilities - with staples, long cutters, wooden locks (groove-thorn).
Be sure to treat the replaced area with protective compounds.
Installation of windows in a window box (for chopped wooden houses, installation of a window box is carried out by means of a window or casing) is the most correct way to install windows. Thus, the rigidity of the opening is maintained, a strong base frame is created. But at the same time, the window itself will be able to self-adjust during seasonal fluctuations of the house (shrinkage, movement, etc.).
During installation, the window frame is level.
Installation of plastic windows in a wooden house
After the preparation, we proceed to the very process of installing the window.
First of all, we disconnect the window frame from the sashes, if the window is deaf, we take out the glass unit. We do not remove the protective film from the windows - it will protect the profile from possible damage and scratches.
Installation of a window sill
If you need to install a window sill, then first of all we mount it. When installing, we adjust the plane using a level and shims (pieces of wood, plywood, etc.).
If the window sill is also made of PVC, then a washer must be placed under the screw cap (so that the screw does not fall into the cavity of the window sill when screwing in). We screw the self-tapping screws into the places located under the future frame (so that it is beautiful and the caps are not visible). But most often, the lower wide board of the window box serves as a window sill, and therefore the installation of an additional window sill is not required.
Frame fitting
We put the frame on blocks with a thickness of about 1 cm, check the level of the correct installation. Be sure to leave a gap of at least 1 cm on the sides, install the blocks between the frame and the window frame. They will not allow the frame to move horizontally, prevent possible deformation of the frame during installation and will reliably fix the window frame to the window frame.
We check the plane of the surface of the wall (window box) and the frame, not allowing the frame to protrude beyond the boundaries of the window box.
Window frame installation
We fasten the frame with long screws to the window frame, being careful not to overtighten the screw. After installing the frame, we hang the sashes and install the double-glazed windows (in the blind windows).
When installing a double-glazed unit in a profile, it is necessary that there is a gap of about 5-7 mm between the glass unit and the profile. This will prevent the glass from warping and cracking with possible deformations of the profile (frame) during operation (seasonal fluctuations of the building, possible distortions during shrinkage and during operation).
Vertical adjustment is made with adjusting plates.
Installation of a double-glazed window
Further, with the help of a plastic glazing bead, the glass unit is fixed in the PVC profile. The glazing bead spike must fit into the groove on the frame until it clicks. The connection should be made by lightly tapping the glazing bead with a wooden or rubber mallet or hammer.
Foaming the window
Next, fill in the space between the window frame and the frame. We wait until the foam hardens. During this period of time, it is not recommended to open or put on ventilation the window in order to exclude deformation of the frame from the expansion of the foam.
After the foam has hardened, cut off the excess and you can proceed to finishing with platbands.
Installation of plastic windows in a wooden house
The last step is to remove the protective film, the window is ready for use.
Wooden houses, baths, saunas and summer cottages have an important advantage - they are completely environmentally friendly, since they are made of natural material. A wooden blockhouse is "alive", it "breathes", settles down and grows old, that is, it lives its own life. A house made of natural wood provides air circulation, simultaneously purifies it and imparts healing properties, thanks to phytoncides and resinous substances of natural pine wood. The same features of buildings made of lightly processed wood create some difficulties. For example, when it is required to install windows in a log house and doorways, as well as when finishing sagging walls, but subject to the installation technology, all these problems can be solved.
Which windows are suitable for wooden walls
The walls of solid wood houses tend to be in some motion. This is influenced by the time of the year, seasonal changes, humidity of the air and the environment - the blockhouse swells or dries up, sitting down. Some of the usual standards for installing windows and doors are acceptable for a log house, so a different frame recess design is needed here, known as a cage. It makes it possible to minimize the movement of wooden walls of houses, baths and other residential buildings made of logs.
However, not everything is so difficult, since the main shrinkage occurs during the first 3 years - under its own weight, the space between the logs is compacted and the wood naturally dries out. Sometimes, during this time, the log house sinks by 10-15 cm, and the window and door openings decrease accordingly. Therefore, it is natural that for a new building made of natural wood, wooden windows in a log house are more suitable, and for older houses - plastic ones, then they will be less susceptible to excessive pressure and deformation.
If the construction of a house has been going on for more than one year, stage by stage, then even unprepared "live" wood will sit down during this time, and the installation of windows in a frame made of wood will not be problematic. As a last resort, you can install temporary frames with a film, preventing the penetration of precipitation into the window opening. And after a while, window frames with double-glazed windows can be put into a wooden blockhouse to protect against adverse weather factors. It can be frames made of specially prepared dry wood, and plastic, familiar to the townspeople.
Modern plastic windows laminated under natural wood will organically fit into the design of the log house, increasing the thermal insulation of the house. The experience of Finnish installers shows that a plastic window in a log house or double wooden frames can be easily inserted into a window, and different materials for window frames can be combined.
What is important to know about installation technology
Today, prestigious two-story houses of various types are made from timber. They are built in eco-style according to the traditions of ancestors and according to the projects of modern architects and designers. Increasingly, they began to offer wooden houses and saunas of the Finnish type, and stylization of country houses like a Russian tower is also in vogue. No less interesting are the large Scandinavian-style manors made of wood and glass. It doesn't matter if the building will be pompous or a small cottage made of wood with your own hands - the technology for installing wooden windows in a log house is about the same.
Of course, damp wood is not very suitable for building the walls of a wooden house. Finns use only dried and specially prepared wood for export houses, and also develop a special technology for houses that are quickly assembled. According to the technology, window frames are not placed in the log house for at least six months after the assembly of the prepared structures, and even later in the "living" wood. But even in this case, some shrinkage is taken into account - do not leave the same building without windows.
The holding time is required for the shrinkage of the frame and the final formation of the wooden walls, and after about a year, the frame will acquire close to the maximum shrinkage parameters. However, it is impossible to accurately name the technical characteristics of shrinkage (in percentage or in millimeters), since everything depends on the type of wood and the degree of its moisture content.
Today, several options for installing windows in a log house have been worked out:
1. The most reliable method is the installation of the casing (casing), where the window is inserted. The cage is a solid rectangular structure made of solid wood up to 40 mm thick, in which the lower bar forms a window sill, and platbands are attached to the ends. For a long time, they were made from solid wood, giving the required shape, where the grooves for the window frame are formed. Today, the planting is done much more technologically and looks more aesthetically pleasing, and a glue bar is used for its manufacture. The finished construction of the casing is quite expensive, therefore, they often use a more affordable technology for installing a window into a frame, that is, attachment to the cranial bars.
2. There is another option - the window frame is attached directly to the timber with special fastening strips. Simple methods are used, most often, in the log cabins of baths and saunas, and in residential buildings - more complex and reliable. Using the building level, the window frame is set with respect to the distances and foamed with a sealant. However, the method of installation with sealing in new walls of houses is not used. Foam is recommended to be used in order to seal the lower part of the frame and the window sill - this plane is less prone to deformation during shrinkage of a wooden window in a log house.
3. Often, special (cranial) strips are used, inserted into grooves that move freely in the ends of the window opening. This counteracts shrinkage seizure without crevice formation. Thanks to their construction, the skull slats are able to slide in the grooves, so the window will not experience pressure during shrinkage. The difference in the method is in attaching the casing to the cranial bar, and not directly into the opening.
Tip: Remember that after the initial shrinkage of the log house, the compaction of the wooden walls will continue for some time. In case of significant precipitation and in a climate with a high level of air humidity, the base of the frame will continue to absorb water, increasing the volume of the frame. In hot and dry summers, the tree gives off moisture, giving a significant shrinkage. That is, natural changes in the size of a log house, for example, from pine, will be noticeable up to 5 cm, but this indicator also changes depending on the time of the felling. The installation of windows using special technology reduces the likelihood of skewing, displacement of the base and jamming of the sashes and reducing heat loss.
Basic conditions for the use of casing
1. The casing of the frame makes it possible to prepare the installation of the window in a formed box, which minimizes the pressure of the frame to the window frame through the natural drying process of the wood.
2. Correctly made log casing prevents distortions in the form of shrinkage consequences.
3. There should be a small gap above the frame, about 50 mm, and it should be insulated together with the side gaps.
4. Simplified boarding can be made of boards with a thinner thickness of about 20 mm, where the forming slopes will be attached, and the lower board forms the window sill.
5. The casing is fixed with self-tapping screws on the cranial beam, and the gap is insulated under the platbands.
6. The cage from the outside looks quite compact and neat, and inside you can put another frame.
7. Competent use of the casing technology allows to counteract the depressurization of the window.
8. Fastening of external platbands allows the use of synthetic seals, including rubber, to exclude the penetration of moisture into the window space.
9. If you have any difficulties and questions - how to insert windows into a blockhouse, it is recommended to contact a specialist.
The main problems when installing doors and windows in a log house
1. According to the experience of installing houses made of natural wood, even a structure made of specially prepared and well-dried material will shrink up to 5 cm in the first year. In case of persistently rainy weather, the house will swell again. "Live" or undried wood with a high percentage of moisture gives a much larger amplitude per year.
2. Installation of windows or doors in a wooden frame is a technologically simple process, and specialists do not have any problems. However, difficulties and problems with a non-professional approach arise much later, when the windows in the bathhouse or in the house begin to warp due to the pressure during the natural drying of the wood. That is, it is much worse when problems loom during the operation of the building.
3. Increased air humidity can lead to the fact that the window sashes or vents do not open due to the swelling of the wood with the increased pressure of the shrinking logs. Sometimes it is enough to slightly scrub the adjoining planes of the sashes, and it is worse if the window cannot be opened during the entire period of operation. For this, a small gap in the casing or the correct sliding structure is important to avoid such troubles.
Tip: It is important to use dry and high-quality timber, preferably from softwood. Before cutting out window openings, it is important to strengthen the boards to its sides so that they do not part.
Instructions for processing a window opening
To complete the work, you will need a chain saw, nails, pins, a bar, an edged board, a square, a plumb line and polyurethane foam.
1. On the wall of the log house, the contours of the window (door) opening are marked using 4 strips. In this case, it is important to correctly mark the lower part of the window - approximately 80 cm from the floor.
2. Boards are selected slightly more than the height of the opening for fixing the studs with washers.
3. We make holes in the uncut crowns at the corners of the planned opening, in the same way in the fastening boards.
4. Mark the vertical with a level and attach boards along it, which we connect to the logs with the help of pins and tighten the boards.
5. Place metal washers under the nuts to prevent the nuts from cutting into the boards, fix the boards on both sides of the marking.
7. We proceed to processing the sawn logs and fasten the edges together with jumpers.
8. We form a window block from lintels and jambs in pairs, and from the outside we form grooves to the size of the thorns.
9. We begin to form the window block with the installation of jambs, with nails we connect the jumpers with the grip of the logs.
10. To check right angles, use a square that can be formed before the block is finally secured.
Tip: To dispel doubts, it is advisable to watch a video about installing a window, and only then proceed to installation.
Step-by-step execution of window installation
Today there are several ways to install window frames in a log house, but we will consider using the simplest example.
To begin with, you need to visually represent in a section what a window looks like in a log house - a diagram of installing a window in a log house is shown in the figure below.
This is a casing box with grooves, a shrinkage gap with a seal, an outer and inner casing, a spike with a seal, a window with an ebb, a lower inter-row seal.
The window is done after the formation of the opening:
- prepare a 150x40 bar for the top of the window opening, it should be the width of the opening, cut 2 rectangular cutouts from both ends for a pre-formed ridge;
- install the board over the carriage bar, securing it with self-tapping screws;
- the opening is 3-5 cm larger than the height of the inserted window, for filling with a sealant or foaming from below;
- the gap between the log and the flashing board in the window opening should be about 5 cm (for shrinkage), which is filled with insulation;
- when the window is inserted and secured, a platband is attached to the window so that the structure has an aesthetic appearance;
- do not forget to check both vertical lines of the window frame along the plumb line and horizontal lines along the level before installing the platbands and final installation, since it will be impossible to correct this later;
- it is necessary to impregnate all wooden surfaces with an antiseptic to resist the destruction of wood.
The process of installing plastic windows in a log house
The step-by-step process of installing PVC windows looks approximately the same as in the example with natural wood:
- we form a window opening;
- we install the window;
- we are completing the installation of a plastic window in a window using the technology.
The optimal distance of the window sill from the floor is 80-90 cm, and if the design in the interior is planned to use a window sill in the form of a countertop, for example, in the kitchen or in a teenager's room, then it is better to think over its design and installation in advance.
Tip: Remember that wooden frames are also characterized by partial shrinkage, and PVC windows have a rigid and stable base - they should not be placed in a fresh frame, and it is imperative to use a jamb. It will make it possible to maintain sufficient autonomy of the double-glazed window from the log house, therefore, installation on foam and without a jamb is unacceptable in this case!
There are two types of mugs:
1. Simple design - a 50x50 mm groove is formed at the end of the opening for a bar (not suitable for installing a PVC window).
2. A more reliable option is when a ridge is formed in the end logs on the window openings, on which a frame with a groove, otherwise called a "carriage", is subsequently placed, and here, during shrinkage, movement along the guides without deformations will be ensured. This is a construction made of 100x150 mm timber, which exceeds the window size by 5-6 cm, in the center of which a 50x50 mm groove is selected, the carriage is attached to the ridge.
Next, we assemble a jig from a 150x40 board, as described above, respectively, cut out the grooves in it, which are put on the comb - this is the upper part of the opening where we put the PVC window. Be sure to overlay the planks with tow (in rolls) and fix the carriages, and fix the upper plank of the jigs with screws to the carriage.
After the right angles, vertical and horizontal lines in the openings have been verified, the window has been drawn up, they proceed to the installation of plastic windows. Pay attention to the quality of fastening and tightness so as not to violate the thermal insulation of the windows in the frame. Do all the steps according to the instructions attached to the PVC windows. When buying plastic windows, pay attention to the fasteners that are mounted at the end. The frame is set in level and mounted with fasteners to the window, do not forget about the place for the foam under the windowsill. It remains to hang the sash and put the cashing.
Tip: Pay attention to how the window is screwed to the board - in no case to the ridge, otherwise the meaning of the movable fastening of the window to resist shrinkage is lost.