Imagine the situation: it is necessary to urgently solder two plastic pipes. Water runs straight out of it, and you need to urgently save the situation! But how to solder plastic pipes? Especially if you do not have practice. The article describes a detailed process how to solder correctly.
The most effective and "painless" option: Call Masters-Plumbing to the house. The option may also be the most reliable, but seriously hitting the owner of the housing, and for the pride of the "peasant in the house" too.
So this option will notice and learn to solder correctly - then the wallet is full of crispy bills, and the man in the house itself was repaired!
Preparation for the process. What instrument need to be needed
We cover the water and go to the plumbing shop (if you have no needed everything you need to repair the water supply)!
So, our task: you need to solder two plastic pipes for water supply.
What instruments and materials need? How to solder plastic pipes?
- Device to solder plastic pipes. Explain to the seller in the store, for which you need a welding machine, and he will gladly pick you up the desired option.
Moreover, buying an instrument for soldering will be at times cheaper of the plumbing call home, and this is how we remember - one of the fundamental options to select an independent solution to the problem of pipe connection!
Such an instrument for soldering will allow you to make the right repair of communications in the house!
- A sharp knife or pipeline. It will take you to cut pipes and cutting the edge so that the surface of the connected ends is perfectly smooth. It is possible to use a special device - pipe cut.
- Slim File, Fillet, Perhaps fine-grained sandpaper. It will be needed to stripping the ends that we will solder, to the perfectly smooth surface.
- The fitting / coupling is a small tube that you wear on both ends of the pipes that we will solder (also purchased in the plumbing store).
- Roulette.
- Fatheck.
So, everything is ready for installation - proceed! Just do everything right!
The first step and, perhaps, the most important thing - prepare the necessary elements for soldering.
Preparation of soldered elements
At first, gently cut the snap-knife tube to the length you need. You can use special pipe cutters if it is in your home arsenal or suddenly found in the workshop.
Then cut the burrs at the ends. Burzes - a thin shavings of plastic, jar on the ends of the tubes. Since the combined surface should be perfectly smooth, it is gently with a knife with a knife remove.
After that, the ends of the plastic tubes are cleaned. To do this, we use a thin file, a feet, even the rifel can be (in this species of the appliance, the working surface is specially curved, which allows you to clean the surfaces inside the tubes, etc.).
You can also try to make sweeping by fine-grained emery paper. Do not forget the important rule - the surface after stripping should be smooth, not rough, so do not spare your strength and clean the ends of the plastic tubes are good, bringing them to the ideal!
Now we perform the same cycle of events and for fitting, if it is homemade and is just a piece of the tube that you will use for soldering.
If the fitting or coupling is purchased in the store, their surface inside (which is needed to us for the connection) should already be smooth and necessary size.
So, the pipes are ready, the fitting is ready.
Getting to spawn
Now let's start directly to the spike surfaces. This requires a device for soldering plastic pipes and, directly, the billets themselves. The most important thing here is to follow the heat heating temperature for soldering so that it is optimal for your billets.
Temperature modes for pipes of various diameters are presented in a special table, and it is necessary to follow it. By the way, the soldering device usually warms up the nozzle to the required temperature.
True, on old, early versions of instruments for soldering such a function, there is no, so you have to adjust the temperature manually.
Be sure to handle the workpiece before the connection itself. Be sure to clean the surface from contamination, degrease with alcohol.
You also need to take chamfers from blanks. To do this, you need to use the halter and alcohol. This operation is necessary only for those pipes that were previously reinforced by aluminum or other composition.
Modern devices for soldering plastic pipes have a variety of designs, and some of them are able to significantly reduce your time required to perform an operation.
For example, on some solders it is possible to install multiple nozzles - up to 4 pieces.
In other words, you can warm up two pipes and two fittings at the same time, and after bringing to the required temperature for a short time to create a rather large design.
The compound itself must be carried out as quickly as possible to prevent the system's tightness reduction. As soon as you see that the elements of the workpiece are warming up to the required temperature, then immediately remove the blanks from the nozzles and proceed to the connection.
The correct compound must be made very dense, in the future in the system of heating or water supply, leaks did not happen.
Check joint connection after spike
As a result, two plastic tubes for water supply tightly connected! Did we do everything right? You can judge this only after a while, when let the water on the "new" water supply.
After soldering pipes with the fitting, do not hurry to open the valve tap: after the entire procedure of your own repair, there should be at least an hour.
If, for some reason, you still conducted a cold room procedure, where the temperature was lower than the room, then it is worth waiting for at least two or three hours before the trial start of water. Here the main thing is not to rush, and everything is done correctly, so that your works do not go to the pump.
In the end stage of the installation, you must make sure that the place of the soldering is quite reliable. To do this, it is best to carry out a test start of water. Open the crane. After starting the water, carefully inspect the entire fixed by you, the renovated water supply unit.
If there are still a divorce on the designs or on fitting / clutch, the water wakes up, dripping or even shoves the jet from under the new connection, then your operation to save the home water pipeline, is not correct!
It should be either anew to carry out the entire repairs procedure, or after all, to upset and call the Masters-Plumbing Master. If everything went fine, and water runs only from the crane, as it should be, we congratulate you with success!
The mission is fulfilled, the family is pleased, plastic tubes for water pipes are securely and tightly connected! As can be seen now, this operation is not impracticable, and if you follow the usual registration truths, you can achieve the desired result!
Now you can safely challenge a new repair, as you already have enough knowledge, and you know how to solder plastic pipes correctly!
How to solder plastic pipes for water supply right?
How to solder plastic pipes properly - what a tool, preparation, spike process, checking the connection places, which device for soldering to choose what ...
Modern repairs with the replacement of the water supply system and the heating system are unthinkable without the use of plastic pipes. Rapidly broken into the building materials at the end of the twentieth century, polypropylene plastic pipes made a coup in the history of water supply and firmly occupied their leading position.
About how to solder plastic pipes from polypropylene and replace them with their own hands, we will tell in this article.
Pipeline heating from polypropylene pipes
In modern life, plastic pipes are used absolutely in all areas, increasingly becoming indispensable in the construction and repair of any scope due to their significant advantages over other materials:
- do not corrosion,
- have high chemical resistance
- sustainable microorganisms,
- have low heat and sound conductivity,
- light weight and convenience during transportation,
- eco-friendly
- easy to install
- suitable for external and hidden gaskets,
- durable - warranty period of use of 50 years, subject to the correct mode of use.
Proper mode: Plastic Polypropylene Pipes withstand the operating pressure to 15 bar at a temperature of from 0 to 10 degrees and 2 bar at high temperatures (95 degrees).
Arsenal of fittings and corners of polypropylene
Due to its environmental friendliness, this type of pipes is successfully used in hot and cold water supply and home heating. And the diversity of fittings with brass and chrome inserts makes it easy to combine with existing reinforcement from steel and any subjects of plumbing.
Necessary equipment
For a pipeline device for water supply or heating, pipes are used with an outer diameter of 16 to 63 mm, for the connection of which the flarified (coupped) welding is used.
For high-quality installation, small:
- Soldering iron with nozzles of various diameters.
How to choose a soldering iron for plastic pipes so that the installation was fast and high-quality? The assortment of soldering iron is great and diverse as the pricing policy.
Soldering iron with a set of teflon nozzles
- The power of the soldering iron is of great importance. For applications in household conditions and diameters of pipes 16-63 mm, power will be sufficient up to 1200 W.
With the power of 1800 and more WT, the performance of the soldering iron allows you to apply it in professional activities. But the newcomer is not needed with a small speed of work. - Nozzles are heating elements and consist of a sleeve that pays the outer surface of the end of the pipe and Dorn, which melts the inner surface of the terminal part.
Nozzles must have a non-stick teflon coating. Usually, complete with a soldering iron goes 6 nozzles of different diameters. - It is more convenient to use a soldering iron with the possibility of installing not one, but three nozzles. This will save considerable time when replacing the nozzles from one diameter to another, because To replace them, you need to cool the soldering iron, and then warm it up.
- The soldering iron of the professional series is equipped with electronic adjustment of temperature controlling the heating of the nozzle with an accuracy of 1-5 degrees. You can do without temperatures without adjusting the temperature, acquiring a thermometer to measure the temperature on the nozzle.
It is important not to exceed the nozzle temperature of 260 degrees, in which the spike of polypropylene occurs, and at 270 degrees plastic loses its stability and begins to superfluous, the pipe will not enter the fitting.
In case of insufficient heating, the part may not reach the necessary viscous plasticity and the diffusion of the material will not happen. As a consequence, the unreliability of the connection.
- The second necessary tool for installation are special plastic scissors.
- In addition, you will need a roulette, a pencil, a tarp rod, as well as the pipes and fittings of the required size.
Operation of the soldering iron
There are several rules how to use a soldering iron for plastic pipes.
The soldering iron is installed on a flat surface and the nozzles of all necessary diameters are fixed on it with special keys. Closer to the edge put the nozzle needed for soldering directly on the wall.
Mounting process
Phased instructions, how to solder plastic pipes will help you produce high-quality and fast installation.
- Cut scissors cut off the pipe perpendicular to its axis.
- We select the fitting of the desired size.
Note! Not preheated fitting should have an inner diameter of a little smaller external diameter of the pipe.
- We clean the fitting socket and the end of the pipe from dust, degrease the soapy water or alcohol and dried.
- We establish the connected parts to the appropriate soldering iron nozzle: the pipe is inserted into the sleeve to the full depth of welding, the fitting fever is put on Dorn.
Plastic pipes: how to solder and get a high-quality connection
How to solder plastic pipes and get a reliable water supply
33) How to solder plastic pipes: video instructions How to unwind and choose a soldering iron.
Combine pipes using a soldering iron is quite easy
To everyone who plans to independently perform the installation of sewage, water supply or heating systems, it is worth dealing with how to solder PVC pipes, PPE, as well as copper products. The creation of all-in-block connections allows to achieve maximum tightness, while having mastered the technology, it is possible to work quite quickly.
Since I had to master the method of soldering a variety of products, practical information and observations in this industry at one time, I had accumulated enough. All the advice that I will give in this article will be based on them.
Pros and cons of soldering as a way of mounting
When designing pipelines for heating systems, water supply and sewage systems, different methods of connecting parts are used, ranging from simple docking using sealing elastic rings and ending with welding pipes.
The soldering technology is approximately in the middle between these extremes - both in complexity and in terms of the reliability of the resulting compound.
Having mastered the technique, you can create enough complex systems
The benefits of soldering as a way of installation, from my point of view, are:
- Technology allows you to create a deline connection with a high level of tightness.
- At the junction of two pipes, the strength of the walls is reduced slightly, which is very important when designing and creating pressure pipelines.
- The method of soldering most materials does not require the use of complex expensive equipment: Of course, without a soldering iron / gas burner, but still work with them much easier than with gas or electric welding.
- Also, an obvious advantage is saving on fittings: Coroluses, tees, Signs and other parts intended for soldering have an extremely simple design, because they are relatively inexpensive. The benefit becomes obvious if we compare the cost with the cost of press fittings for metal-plastic pipes.
Plastic fitting for in-block connection
The sake of justice should be told about the minuses:
- The compounds, as I specified above, are absolutely obtained. This means that to access the lumen of the pipe, we will have to cut it, and then - restore integrity. And since at the same time the detail length will inevitably decrease, then the instruction is usually recommended to completely replace the damaged area.
- To perform work, special devices are still required, as well as (if we solder copper) fluxes and solders. Rent / buying equipment and purchase of consumables can seriously affect the budget of the entire project.
Copper fittings are quite expensive
However, even with these shortcomings, the technique remains quite universal, especially since, in contrast to welding, it is quite possible to cope with their own hands. Of course, the skill is needed, but it may well be replaced by a thoughtful study of the recommendations that I will give below, as well as a small practice.
Plastic soldering
Equipment for work
When we make contours for water supply or drainage, understand how to solder propylene tubes, you need first. Polypropylene is the perfect material for such a compound, since it is perfectly melted when heated, forming a practically monolithic structure: that is why PPE pipes are often used to assemble pressure networks.
You can solder plastic pipes: metal-plastic products are not intended for such an installation, so they need to be connected in expensive fittings using a special tool.
Soldering iron for pipes with a set of nozzles
For connecting parts, a special tool is used - soldering iron. Dozens of different models can be found on the market, but almost all of them have an identical design scheme:
- The base of the soldering iron is a housing inside which the heating element is placed.
- The heating system connects to the network via the power cable and is controlled using a special regulator (there is not all models, while in cheap species can issue a difference with the real operating temperature at 10-200, which is sometimes critical).
- To the heating element to connect nozzles for pipes and fittings. As a rule, a soldering iron is equipped with several sets of nozzles, which allows working with pipes of the most undercut diameters.
When choosing a soldering iron to connect pipes from polypropylene and similar materials, it is necessary first of all to pay attention to power. Professional models have a capacity of 1.5 - 2 kW.
But it seems to me that there is such a productivity for domestic use. When choosing power, it is best to navigate the maximum diameter of the pipes with which you will work:
How to solder pipes: secrets of work with plastic and metal from experienced masters
How to solder pipes: work with propylene, metal-plastic, PVC products and other, video and photos
Manufacturers of materials for laying engineering networks offer a wide selection of modern solutions that came to replace the traditional. In particular, it concerns pipes for mounting in the house or apartment of the water supply, the DHW branches, the radiator and floor heating system. To pave or repair the local pipeline from polymer pipes (polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene), a special tool is needed and some skill work with it. Soldering plastic tubes does not apply to complex works, but it is important to understand the technology and take into account a number of moments to get a reliable and durable result.
Plastic pipe soldering tool
Pipe soldering machine
There is a special apparatus, designed to attach the polymer pipe to the appropriate fitting or coupling. The maximum permissible diameter of the pipes with which the home master can cope with 63 mm. Larger diameter pipes are preferably welded using professional equipment.
A soldering tool for home use is an unit equipped with a stand, the working part of which heats up to a given temperature. The heating element (sole) is equipped with holes for installing nozzles of various diameters (from 16 to 32 mm).
Machine for soldering plastic pipes The designs differ devices:
- meso-shaped;
- cylindrical.
There is no fundamental difference, which one to use for soldering plastic pipes with your own hands. In any case, accurate compliance with the instructions will help get the desired result.
Secrets of high-quality soldering
Soldering of pipes should be carried out in a premises with a plus temperature, with the colder air, the more time it will be necessary to warm the parts from plastic or metalplastic for hermetic and durable compound.
Secrets of high-quality soldering To prevent common errors when installing pipes for heating or water supply, pay attention to the following recommendations:
- The capacity of the household tool should be 1200 W.
- The home use device is designed to work with pipes with a diameter of up to 32 mm, in other cases it is necessary to use a professional soldering iron.
- Before starting a soldering, warm up the device for at least 5-10 minutes so that the working part with the nozzles warms up to the specified parameters.
- Navigating the elements of the pipeline among themselves, do not scroll them and do not shift the seam to not disrupt its integrity. It is allowed only to gently straighten the sinks, otherwise under the load of the seam will flow.
- Do not strongly compress the details of each other. Since the melted plastic goes inside and reduce the feeding diameter of the fitting, which will worsen the operating parameters of the system.
- It is impossible to leave the gaps between the edge of the pipe and the inside of the fitting. Such a pressure connection will give a flow.
- Be sure to give the soldered place to cool completely before exposing the loads.
- After each soldering operation, clean the nozzles from the traces of the melted plastic. This will prevent the appearance of Nagar, as well as damage the elements that need to be soldered.
- Purify the nozzles using a wooden flat stick. It will save the Teflon coating from damage. It is impossible to use metal objects, since the scratches will be in disrete to the nozzle, and the plastic will stick to it and burn.
Attention! Before you begin the installation of the pipeline, see the detailed video instruction and practice on unnecessary trimming of plastic pipes.
Security measures
It is important not only to know how to solder plastic pipes, but also comply with safety techniques when working with power tools so as not to get a burn or injury.
It is important to use protective gloves - When working, be sure to use protective gloves.
- Pay attention to the purity of the floor, the dusting of the room. The dirt that fell into the molten plastic worsens the quality of the welding and makes the place of the joint inestic.
- The soldering unit is required to arrange on a horizontal level surface.
- During the entire workflow, the unit does not de-energize.
- It is possible to start welding elements only after full heating of the soldering iron. Modern models about the output to the operating mode reports the disconnected indicator. Using the old device, wait about 20 minutes from the moment of inclusion.
Stroke work
Consider in detail how to solder plastic pipes at home. At the preliminary stage, it is required to prepare the entire necessary tool:
- roulette and marker;
- filty or file;
- sandpaper with small grain;
- truboresis;
- acute mounting knife;
- solder for welding plastic.
The vehicle and alcohol will also need (or other means for degreasing) for processing soldered surfaces.
Preparation of elements
Pipes are cut into the desired length using a special pipe cut or an acute mounting knife. Make sure that the slice is strictly perpendicular to, otherwise it will not be possible to perform a hermetic connection.
Use Sheyver Next you need to handle the edge of the pipe. It is advisable to apply a special tool - Shaiver, but in its absence it is enough to use a mounting knife (used to remove burrs), after which the edge of the ordinary pipe from propylene or reinforced fiberglass is required to be processed before smoothness with the assistance, fine-grained skins.
Important! In the reinforced aluminum PVC pipe, it is recommended to remove the top layer of the polymer and the foil layer on the edge to improve the quality of the connection.
After making sure that the smoothness processed the edge is practically not inferior to the inner part of the fitting purchased in the fitting store, you can start to make items, pre-degreased with alcohol surfaces.
Technology soldering
Consider how to use the soldering iron and what temperature mode must be selected for plastic pipes of different types. Work on the installation of a polymer pipeline with their own hands are performed in several stages:
- The solder unit is securely fixed on the platform and set the suitable diameter on the work part.
- Electrical instrument turn on by pre-setting the desired temperature. To solder parts from polypropylene to each other, the work part is required to heat up to 260 ° C, with welding products from PVC, heating is needed to 220 ° C.
- After heating the apparatus, the fitting and the prepared edge of the pipes are put on the nozzles and heat the parts within a few seconds (the exact time of the heating is indicated below in the table, it depends on the diameter of the elements).
- Waving the required time, the parts gently join each other and leave until complete cooling. Similarly, all other elements of the pipeline are bonded.
The depth of the pipe welding corresponds to the parameters of the inner part of the fitting - the soldering iron nozzles provide heating of the elements to the same depth to ensure maximum contact surfaces for better clutch.
Technology of the soldering process The method of connecting polymer pipes with temperature welding is quite simple, if you master the skill of the exact connection of the heated elements, know how to solder parts. By inserting the pipe into the fitting, it is not moved and do not rotate so that the preheated polymer can form a monolith. If the place of the spike to move to the frozen of the material, the polymer will be collected by the folds and the connection is depressled.
Check the quality of the compound
To verify the tightness of the compounds, start after all joints are mounted and managed to cool. For this, water is poured into the finished system and inspect the pipeline to reveal leaks. Before filling the water, give an assembled system to simultaneously at least an hour at normal room temperature, and if the air indoors are cooled, then the preheak pause should last at least 2-3 hours.
If there were loose junctions, it is necessary to drain the water from the system to remount the pipeline section by setting new fittings and taking a cut of the pipe of the corresponding length. An attempt to somehow take a leakage of a non-neuromethae or pour it with the help of an electrician, is doomed in advance to failure. Installation of the polymer pipeline requires accurate technologies.
An example of a quality compound Upon completion of the repair work, the tightness of the system, the bay in it, is tested. If we are talking about the heating system, the present check of the pipeline will be passed only after heating the coolant in the boiler, at elevated temperatures and pressure.
Conclusion
Instructions How to solder plastic pipes allows you to understand the process technology. If there is a need for one-time works, it is economically unprofitable to buy a pipe for pipes, it is easier to take a rental tool in a company providing such services.
Planning for the first time to carry out independent work, it is advisable to buy material with a small margin. Knowing only in theory, how to solder pipes before proceeding to work in the house, it is necessary to stretch. If the experience turned out unsuccessful, trust the installation or repair of pipelines in the house of professionals.
For those who know how to solder plastic pipes, the arrangement of the heating system, hot or cold water supply and other domestic pipelines will not be too complicated. The assembly of such systems requires primarily a reliable connection of pipes, which determines the quality of all the work done.
Photo 1. Soldering tip design for plastic pipes.
Weld them from various types of plastic is not so difficult as it may seem. Polypropylene, polyethylene and other polymeric materials are quite compatible in operation, do not require too complex equipment, the melting point is much lower than that of iron, weight is relatively small, as well as rigidity. But knowledge of the specifics of each material, about what and in what sequence is necessary.
Required tools and materials
Welding of polypropylene pipes with their own hands requires a certain set of tools and materials. It makes sense to briefly list them at the beginning and figure out what and for what is intended. So, to weld pipes efficiently, it is necessary:
- special soldering iron or household soldering iron;
- set of nozzles for such a soldering iron;
- a secateur (scissors) designed to smooth pipe cutting;
- plastic pipes;
- connecting couplings (fittings) of various types;
- adapters for threaded compounds;
- shaiver;
- carrier;
- means for degreasing plastic pipes.
How to solder polypropylene pipes? This question is asked beginner masters. In photo 1, it can be seen that the design of the soldering iron is quite unusual. It is intended to heat plastic, if more precisely, the pipes of a certain diameter. After all, the installation of plastic pipelines is basically welding the components. Such a soldering iron is an analogue of the welding machine used to connect steel products.
The soldering iron nozzles are designed to work with pipes and fittings of a small or large diameter. Usually they are sold in the form of a set.
Instead of scissors for cutting plastic pipes, it is quite possible to apply the usual hacksaw for metal. But then to get a smooth slice at right angles will be quite difficult and the process of cutting itself will take too much time. The secret of even a person without special skills will cut the tube smoothly.
Plastic pipes are welded by almost the same technology, but there are some differences. PVC, polypropylene, polyethylene, for example, different melting point. There are also reinforced pipes that need to be cleaned from the reinforcing material before welding.
Couplings, or fittings, connecting elements of various purposes. For example, fittings for connecting threaded compounds, called American women, tees, corners with different bend angle, conventional connecting clutches, etc. As you can guess, the inner diameter of the connecting elements is approximately equal to the outer diameter of plastic pipes.
Sheer is a tool designed to clean the reinforcing layer, which is located on top. If this reinforcing layer is internal, a carrier is already needed for cleaning it.
In order for the connection to be more durable, the soldering place must be preventing it. For this, the compositions dissolving fat, ethyl alcohol or others are used.
In addition to the instruments described, the construction level, special markers, etc., may be needed. But they will be needed when the real assembly is carried out, for example, heating systems.
Step by step description of the welding of polypropylene elements
As an example, it is worth describing the process of compounding polypropylene pipes. They are most common, used in a reinforced and unarmitted form for the arrangement of almost any home pipeline systems.
The technology of welding polypropylene pipes, as already noted above, is based on a relatively small melting point of the source material. Actually, this is the basic property of polypropylene or other plastic, which determines the relatively low cost of mounting pipelines.
When soldering pipes, the source material for the manufacture of which is polypropylene, it is necessary to do the following steps:
- Cut pipes with the required length using special scissors. The quality of the cut and its angle in relation to the axial line of the pipe must be carefully checked.
- Pick up fittings, taking into account their purpose and diameter.
- Degrease the pipes and fittings that will be welded. The pipe should be deguted from above, fitting - inside.
- Turn on the soldering iron, equip it with nozzles of such a diameter that is needed for pipe soldering. It should be borne in mind that the soldering iron heats up long enough, so you can include it in advance. Its operating temperature is in a specific range, there is a regulator to configure to configure to set the position to the desired type.
- If welding of reinforced pipes is carried out, it is necessary to pre-clean the connection location from the reinforcing layer. To do this, a carrier or shaver is used to be prepared in advance.
- Insert the pipe into a soldering iron cooked for her. Fitting on the nozzle to wear, as it will warm his inner side. The heating time depends on the parameters of pipes and fittings, which will be discussed below.
- After the heating is completed, insert the pipe into the fitting, making it up to the stop. You need to carefully control the angle of inserts so that the connection does not work uneven. On each pipe and on each fitting there is a special strip in the form of a convex profile, which indicates the direction of welding. If such strips of soldering one opposite the other, even a rather complex system from the pipes will be in the same plane.
- The time of welding polypropylene pipes is a few minutes, so they must be postponed until complete hardening, after which it is already possible to start mounting on the wall.
As you can see, spend the welding process is not so difficult. But in fact, it is necessary before the real use of knowledge acquired from the material setlined slightly practice. Training will not cost too expensive, as unarmed pipes and fittings are cheap enough. A mistake in real work will lead to the need to start all over first, spending time and materials.
How to solder polypropylene pipes is already clear, the turn came to figure out with some process parameters.
Parameters that need to be considered when welding pipes
Types of plastic pipes: 1 - polyethylene, 2 - polypropylene, 3 - metal-plastic.
Each plastic melts at a certain temperature, and this must be considered when conducting welding. In addition, there are also such concepts as the recommended operating temperature and softening temperature.
For example, polypropylene melts if it is heated to 175 ° C. But if the temperature is 30 ° C less, the material begins to soften, which leads to an irreversible deformation. With such parameters, manufacturers of polypropylene pipes recommend operating temperature not exceeding 95 °. For pipelines, which moves, for example, boiling water, these pipes are not suitable. But if they are reinforced aluminum or other metal, they can be used for hot environments.
Welding at which polypropylene pipes are guaranteed to be securely connected, can be made only with specific environmental parameters. At least in the room where it is carried out should be warm. No manufacturer recommends this kind of work at a minus temperature. Yes, and the accuracy of human work in the cold - the concept is quite relative.
Conclusion on the topic
An important point is the time of heating pipes and fittings by a soldering iron.
For example, if the thermometers are fixed 20 ° C in the workplace, then for a pipe with a diameter of 20 mm with a width of the welded belt to 16 mm, it is necessary to spend 6 ° C for heating, 4 s to connect and 2 min to ensure that this connection is fully solid.
The table of diameter ratios, the length of the welding and time space spent on the basic operations should be a guide to action for those who are going to weld plastic pipes for various types of pipelines.
Good time of day, dear reader! The assembly or repair of heating systems, water supply systems, sewage from modern types of polymer products is easily and fast, thanks to the type of seating used to connect the parts. You can perform these work with your own hands, if you know, prepare the necessary tools and fixtures in advance.
You can save the following types of pipes.
- polyvinyl chloride (PVC);
- polypropylene;
- copper pipes;
- polybutene;
- from polyethylene increased heat resistance;
- plastic products with reinforcement.
Required tools and materials for soldering
To work at home, you will need to prepare all the necessary tools and materials in advance:
- electric soldering iron;
- nozzles and support for the soldering iron of the appropriate size;
- fire or acute knife for removing sowing;
- measuring ruler or roulette;
- marker;
- shears for cutting pipes;
- sheer is a device for removing the reinforcing layer;
- special chamfering tool;
- solder for soldering;
- fluxes and fittings;
- alcohol composition for degreasing.
Solder for soldering
Solder produces in the form of wire, foil, bar, etc. It is necessary to obtain a stronger seam of copper structures. Made on the basis of tin, silver, zinc, lead, antimony or copper.
Depending on the melting point, it is divided into:
- fusible;
- medium fusible;
- high fusible solder.
Fluses and fittings
Fluses are used when soldering to protect the connected metal surfaces from oxidation. They are produced in the form of a liquid, dry mixture or pasty state and differ in chemical composition, properties and intended purpose. For example, boric acid, zinc chloride, hydrochloric acid is used to clean the surface of the copper rolling and increasing the yoke of the solder.
A protective film can be created using rosin, wax, various resins.
Fittings are a small size of the product, put on the ends of the pipes that are connected by soldering. These include clutches, tees, crossmen, circuit, plugs, corners, etc. They must be from the same material as the pipes themselves. And of course, not for anyone is a secret that it is possible to buy fittings in any store plumbing.
Scissors for cutting
This type of tool has other names - pipe cutting, pipe scissors or. It is intended for quick cutting of plastic products, ensures the edge of the cut without sovereigns, which simplifies the preparation for the welding process.
There are 4 types of pipe scissors differing in design and price:
- precision pipe cutting with a ratchet mechanism. The device is used to cut pipes with a diameter of no more than 75 mm;
- roller scissors;
- automatic pipe cutting in the shape of a pistol;
- pipe cutter - guillotine.
Tips for choosing and operating a pipe soldering iron
If its technical parameters should be taken into account:
- power. Powerful devices are needed to weld the pipes of large diameter, for household systems, in which the diameter of products does not exceed 50 mm, you can purchase a power device with a power of 0.6 - 0.8 kW;
- the quality of the coverage of the nozzles and the technology of their application. The welded products are easily removed from the tonglon coating nozzles, so it is desirable to choose a soldering iron that is equipped with such nozzles. In addition, you should pay attention to the possibility of heating not only one, and two or three nozzles at the same time. This will significantly speed up the performance;
- type of temperature controller. The soldering iron can be equipped with an electronic, capillary or bimetallic thermostat. It is better to choose a model with an electronic temperature regulator, since the other two has too much discrepancy between the predetermined and actual heating temperature of the products.
The essence of the process and ways soldering
Soldering is used for a sealed connection of the pipeline sections among themselves, installation of shut-off reinforcement, control - measuring and safety devices.
To connect the ends of the pipes and pipes of pipe fittings, three soldering technologies are used:
- diffusion method. Welding is carried out due to the heating and squeezing of the connecting elements without melting the base material of the parts and the use of additional substances;
- soldering with the help of electropline. Special fittings with a heating element are used to connect. The soldering process occurs due to the partial mission of the inside of the electropline under the action of electric current;
- cold way. The elements of the heat pipe are connected using an additional material - solder.
Step-by-step instructions for soldering plastic pipes
It consists of three main phases - heating, docking, fixing and cooling elements, to perform a certain preparation, compliance with the temperature regime and safety rules.
Security measures
In the process of soldering, it is necessary to comply with elementary safety measures to work with power tools:
- the soldering iron must be protected from atmospheric precipitation, dirt and splashes;
- before connecting the device to the network, you must make sure of its condition, the integrity of the power cord and fork;
- during operation, it is necessary to air the room and use the thermocryptoms;
- do not touch open areas of the skin to heated surfaces.
Preparation of elements and details
At this stage, you must perform:
- cutting products on segments of the desired length;
- sweeping cuts from sowing and their thorough grinding;
- degreasing cuts with alcohol mortar;
- application of a seat, according to which it will be possible to control the depth of the injection of pipes into the apparatus;
Preparation of soldering iron
The device needs to be included in the network in advance, set the thermostat to the desired position and warm up the product to operating temperatures depending on the type of plastic.
Typically, the heating time of the soldering iron is 30 minutes until the light goes out. The device will be ready to work 10 minutes after reaching the set temperature.
When preparing the device, it is also desirable to additionally control the temperature of the fittings and the sleeves with a surface electric thermometer.
At what temperature to solder plastic pipes
For soldering of polyethylene products, the thermostat on the device is mounted 220 ° C, for polypropylene - 260ºС. If the controller is missing, you can adhere to the parameters of the heating of parts from table 1.
Table 1.
Rules of docking
When assembling joints, it is necessary to monitor the combination of the edges so that both products have coincided with the surface and the axis of the pipeline does not move. The gap between the edges should be uniform over the entire diameter with a size of 2 - 3 mm.
Pipe connection
Preheated parts are removed from the soldering iron's nozzles and connect with each other, slightly pressing the ends. The solidification of the polymer will occur in 2-3 minutes.
Stripping and cooling connections
The connection site should be in a fixed position until the plastic cools up to a temperature of 38 - 42 degrees. To do this, the connected parts are fixed in a clamp or clip until cooling.
Snapshots are performed by a sharp knife after fully cooling the docking space.
Check the quality of the compound
At the end of welding, all joints are subject to visual inspection. A qualitatively performed weld must have a smooth surface, without traces of porosity, cracks, folds and excessive shine, which occur during overheating. The influx in the seam zone should be solid and uniform over the entire circumference of the compound and rise above the outer surface of no more than 2 mm - for products with a wall thickness up to 10 mm.
The maximum height of the pipe roller with a larger wall thickness is 4 mm.
Video by soldering
How to solder the pipe on the wall can be viewed on the video:
Frequent errors
Soldering plastic pipes does not require special skills, but if you do not adhere to the established rules and rules, it is possible to spoil the connection. Typical mistakes of beginner masters are:
- using dirty nozzles. If droplets of the molten polymer remain on the nozzles, then with the next welding, they can wake between the edges of the products and the connecting seam should be sharply weakened;
- water residues and dirt on the outer surface. They will exclude tight contact of the surfaces of parts over the entire area;
- application excessive effort when combining parts. Part of the melt at overpressure may be extruded inside the pipe and reduce its permeability;
- an attempt to clean the influx of molten plastic to the complete cooling of the connection site, which inevitably leads to the deformation of the pipe;
- insufficient warming or overheating of the place of the joint.
To ensure maximum reliability of the pipeline connection sites, experts advise adhere to the following requirements:
- correctly start welding work after 10 minutes from the moment of heating the soldering iron;
- perform operations on welding or soldering parts only at the positive ambient temperature;
- pipe areas, connected welding method, it is necessary to make it possible to cool, not allowing their offset relative to each other or twisting;
- on the thickness of the walls of more than 6 mm, the welding of finishing products is performed by double seam. At a lesser thickness of the wall of the joint, you can sow one seam;
- all design elements fixed by soldering should be from one manufacturer, as they can be varied in the composition of the ingredients in raw materials, which will negatively affect the quality of the weld.
Soldering in hard-to-reach places and corners
When soldering pipes located in hard-to-reach places, for example, close to the surface of the wall or ceiling, a special technique is used, consisting in the successive heating by the solder apparatus of the direct and response section of the compound. It is necessary to warm the flange of the straight area, you need more time so that it does not have time to cool until the workpiece is in operation.
The smoothness of the line in the places of corner joints of pipes can be achieved when using special angular adapters and fittings. At the same time, it is important to very accurately place on the supply pipes the depth of their entry into the body of the corner detail.
Connection of plastic pipes without soldering
Plastic pipes are not necessarily welding, they can be connected with a special adhesive composition. It is applied to the entire pre-skimmed surface of the pipe of the pipe, which will be introduced into the socket. In the terminaby, the inner surface is also degreased and covered with glue, but only 2/3. For better clutch of the surface of the pipes under the adhesive connection before degreasing process with sandpaper.
The prepared part of the pipe is injected into the socket until it stops and turns 90 degrees. In this position, the above parts should be held 1 - 1.5 minutes until the glue is grabbed.
Complete drying of the adhesive composition will occur in a few hours.
Sewer plastic pipes leading to a tank septica can be combined with a compression fitting. In this method, the process of connecting pipes consists of the following steps:
- stripping upper layer on a pipe from pollution;
- chamfering at the end;
- weakening of the cape nut on the fitting and install the end of the pipe into it;
- spinning the nut in the opposite position, at this moment there is a clamp (compression) pipe with a crimp ring.
Fitting fixation is performed manually or with a horn key. The accompanying effort should not be excessive, otherwise the pipes can burst.
Pouring method involves the use of a highly elastic sealing ring. The tightness of the compound is ensured by the compression of the gasket between the cable walls and the smooth end of the pipe.
Welding of plastic pipes of large diameter
To connect the pipes with a diameter of more than 50 mm and the wall thickness of 4 mm, use the butt soldering technology, which lies in the simultaneous cooking of the ends of the 2 segments throughout the plane. The most difficult welding in this method is to properly perform the centering of the joints and provide the desired length of the clearance between the details.
If you have decided on your own forces to make a water supply line for your home, then you know that plastic pipes will be the best material for this. In order to in the unified system, you need to represent how plastic welding is made. However, let it not frighten you, since the process of soldering plastic pipes itself is not particularly difficult and does not require a large number of special tools.
To produce welding, you will need:
- roulette;
- marker;
- building level;
- scissors for cutting plastic pipes;
- welding device for plastic pipes.
All tools except the latter, there are almost any workshop. The latter you may need only once in my life, so much more expedient not to buy it, but lend or take a rental.
Briefly about the welding machine
Before starting the soldering, you should briefly get acquainted with the device you have to use.
An important element is the sole equipped with heating elements. The convenience of work is ensured by the fact that there are holes on the sole, allowing to consolidate special plated nozzles. Temperature adjustment is performed using a thermostat that is on the housing.
Process soldering pipe
Getting Started, the device must be installed in the desired position and fix the appropriate size on it. Using the thermostat, set the required temperature:
- 260 ° C for polypropylene pipes;
- 220 ° C for polyethylene pipes.
Give the instrument to warm up for 10-20 minutes before the indicator goes out.
By performing a soldering, you must proceed from the following data:
| Exterior pipe size, mm | |||||
| Interval up to the label, mm | |||||
| Duration of heating, sec | |||||
| Maximum duration of the technological pause, sec | |||||
| Cooling duration, min |
The process of soldering is reduced to the following operations:
- Using special scissors, cut off the pipe of the required length, with the help of an alcohol solution to clean from dirt and fat the place of joints;
- Pubon and retirement, install in the nozzle and warm up for the time specified in the table;
- Preheated elements to connect with each other by inserting the pipe into the fool. This operation must be completed during the time named in the Table of Technological Pause;
- After performing the operation, check the quality of the obtained welded connection, which will be noticeably in the form of plastic rings.
We just outlined the essence of the soldering process. However, to ensure the reliability of the pipeline functioning, attention should be paid to the following details:
- The first welding operation should be made after five minutes after heating the soldering iron.
- If necessary, weld the reinforced pipes should be used by a special tool called Sheer, in order to remove the aluminum and polypropylene tubes that form the two upper layers. After that, the docking of the pipes is made according to the already described method.
- Welding work must be performed only when the ambient temperature is above zero.
- After welding, give the connected pipes to cool, not allowing their scrolling or mutual movement. In the case when the connecting seams turned out to be poorly, the node must be cut and the welding process is re-made.
Working CO, it is necessary to observe certain precautions, the non-compliance of which can affect the quality of welded joints. In particular, it is necessary to remember that the nozzles have a Teflon coating that prevents the formation of a car. Upon completion of each operation, the left remains must be removed from them with a wooden spatula. It is strictly forbidden to remove the remnants of the material after cooling the nozzles, since it is thus you can damage the coating and cause a malfunction of the entire device.