Passport certificate for fire doors. What You Should Know About Fire Regulations? Insulated fire door

Fire fences are responsible structures on which the safety of people depends, therefore fire-resistant doors, gates and hatches are subject to mandatory certification. Stall-Doors products are regularly tested and certified, confirming compliance with the highest quality and reliability standards.

Basic quality standards for fire doors

The basic documents used to control the quality of fire doors are technical regulations on fire safety requirements (Federal Law No. 123-FZ of 22.07.2008) and GOST R 53307-2009 “Building structures. Fire doors and gates ”. Stall-Doors products have certificates confirming their compliance with the requirements of these documents.

Fire resistance class, smoke and gas permeability, dimensions and other basic parameters of our doors comply with national and international standards. According to the current legislation, metal fire doors, hatches and gates of our production are regularly tested for compliance with the list of standards approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 10, 2010 No. 304-r:

• General requirements for fire resistance of building structures comply with GOST 30247.0-94.
• The fire hazard of the products has been tested for compliance with the requirements of GOST 30403-96.
• Smoke and gas permeability of fire doors and gates meets the requirements of GOST R 53303-2009.
• Fire resistance of fire doors and gates meets the requirements of GOST R 53307-2009.
• Fireproof gates and hatches comply with TU 5284-004-87975925-2014.

The conformity of Stall-Doors products to all the specified standards is confirmed by certificates issued on the basis of tests. The doors have been tested at the Fire Safety Research Center and have a certificate from the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

The high quality of Stall-Doors products, their reliability and safety are the result of a work system based on a multi-level quality control system. The effectiveness of the management system operating at the enterprise and its compliance with GOST ISO 9001-2011 (ISO 9001: 2008) standards is confirmed by a certificate issued by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology.

You can buy Stall-Doors fire doors and gates at the company's headquarters in Moscow or on the website. The products are supplied with a full package of technical documentation and a service guarantee.

A passport for a fire door has been a mandatory operational document since 2006, based on GOST 2.601-2006. Up to this point, the certification of the PD was not mandatory.

According to GOST, a passport for a product is drawn up when there is no need to enter additional information about its operation and / or confirmation of such information (repair, maintenance, etc.).

Fire doors are precisely the products of this type, therefore, in the overwhelming majority of cases, only a passport is compiled on the PD.

Although PD manufacturers, if necessary, can use other mandatory operational documents, such as:

• Form - is drawn up when it is necessary to enter additional information about the operation of the product, repair and / or data on the performance of maintenance;
• Label - make up for products for which the operating data does not exceed six main points, and when there is no need (or technically impossible) to enter additional information about the operation;
• The list of operational documents is compiled when the set of documents for the product includes more than two separate (independent) operational documents.

It is important to remember that, depending on the purpose of certain structures, the conditions of use and the amount of data necessary for their correct operation, either a passport or a form, or a label or one of these documents is included in the combined operational document.

Key points

For each manufacturer of refractory structures, these points can be different, supplemented and changed over time, however, as a rule, the most significant sections of the passport on the door are practically the same for all manufacturers.

1. Basic information about the product:

• Purpose of the product (where the PD is installed, in what types of buildings and for what purpose);
• Fire safety certificate of conformity (indicating the certificate number);
• Other certificates if available (for soundproofing, smoke and gas tightness, etc.).

2. Main technical characteristics:

• Overall dimensions - width, height;
• Door frame and leaf finishing material - metal, wood or glass;
• Colour;
• Double-sided or single-sided;
• Deaf or glazed;
• Number of opening-closing cycles;
• Fire resistance, smoke and gas tightness limit;
• Certificates of conformity - detailed information (number, validity period, by whom it was issued) and other conditions.

3. Completeness:

• Completion of the door in pieces - leaf, box, glazing, lock, door closer, hinges, RPZ, ventilation grill, thresholds, etc.;
• Completion of documents in pieces - a copy of the certificate of conformity; a copy of the sanitary and epidemiological conclusion; passport and other documents.

4. Security measures:

• Measures to ensure the safe operation of the product;
• Measures to ensure the safe installation of the structure;
• Prohibitions and restrictions on the use of the door and other conditions.

5. Storage and transportation:

• General storage and transportation conditions;
• Conditions of transportation by various types of transport by road, rail and sea;
• Product packaging conditions during transportation and storage;
• Security during storage and transportation of doors, etc.

6. Installation and operating instructions

This section of the passport describes in detail the technology for installing fire doors and the essential conditions for their operation.

7. Warranty obligations:

• General conditions of the seller's guarantee on the door and essential conditions for their implementation;
• Warranty period in months and / or years, as well as opening-closing cycles;
• An indication of what exactly the manufacturer's warranty covers (as a rule, the warranty does not apply to door fittings - a door closer, lock, handles, hinges and other elements);
• Conditions when the warranty on the door is canceled (mechanical damage due to the fault of the customer, non-compliance by the customer with the operating conditions, etc.).

8. Certificate of acceptance:

• Door name - deaf, glazed, double-leafed or single-floor;
• Factory number;
• Release date;
• The obligatory mark of the Quality Control Department is the signature of the controller, the stamp of the manufacturer's enterprise.

GOST R 57327-2016

NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

METAL FIRE DOORS

General technical requirements and test methods

Metal fire doors. General technical requirements and test methods

OKS 13.220.50,
13.310

Introduction date 2017-07-01

Foreword

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the Union of Fire Safety Enterprises "Pulse" and the Federal State Budgetary Institution "All-Russian Order" Badge of Honor "Research Institute of Fire Protection EMERCOM of Russia" (FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia) with the participation of TC 274 "Fire Safety"

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 391 "Physical protection equipment and materials for their manufacture"

3 APPROVED AND PUT INTO EFFECT by the Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of December 6, 2016 N 1959-st

4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

5 REDISSION. August 2019


The rules for the application of this standard are set out in Article 26 of the Federal Law of June 29, 2015 N 162-FZ "On standardization in the Russian Federation" ... Information on changes to this standard is published in the annual (as of January 1 of the current year) information index "National Standards", and the official text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the next issue of the monthly information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notice and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet (www.gost.ru)

Introduction

This standard has been developed in accordance with Article 4 of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 N 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" (hereinafter - 123-FZ) and specifies the main technical fire safety requirements established in Article 88 of this law to fire doors classified by law (123-FZ) to fill openings in fire barriers.

The development of the standard is due to the need to improve the regulatory framework for fire-fighting products. The current national standards in this area, GOST R 53303 and GOST R 53307, regulate the methods of determination and the final criteria for evaluating the finished product based on the results of fire resistance tests: limit states for fire resistance and smoke and gas permeability. Currently, there are no standards with a nomenclature of requirements, the implementation of which in the design, production and operation of fire doors is aimed at ensuring that they perform their direct functions.

When choosing an object of standardization "steel fireproof doors, deaf and with light transmitting elements up to 25% of the doorway area", the principle of classification division of fire doors, taking into account the area of ​​light transmitting elements according to 123-FZ () and the material from which they are made, is the basis.

The nomenclature of requirements established in the standard can be used as a source of reference information in the process of further improving the regulatory framework in the field of fire safety when developing national standards for fire hatches, gates, doors with light transmitting elements over 25% of the doorway area.

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to steel fireproof single-and double-leaf swing doors and with light transmitting elements (hereinafter - with glazing) up to 25% of the doorway area in the light (hereinafter - doors), installed as filling openings in fire barriers.

The standard establishes the classification of doors, technical requirements and test methods, requirements for components and materials, general requirements for acceptance, instructions for installation and operation.

The standard does not apply to special-purpose doors in terms of additional requirements for explosion and bullet resistance, exposure to aggressive environments, etc.

The standard should be used in conjunction with GOST 31173.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following standards and documents:

GOST 2.601 Unified system for design documentation. Operational documents

GOST 2.610 Unified system for design documentation. Rules for the implementation of operational documents

GOST 8.423 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Mechanical stopwatches. Verification methods and means

GOST 166 (ISO 3599-76) Calipers. Technical conditions

GOST 1050 Metal products from unalloyed structural quality and special steels. General specifications

GOST 5089 Locks, latches, cylinder mechanisms. Technical conditions

GOST 5632 Alloyed stainless steels and corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant and heat-resistant alloys. Stamps

GOST 7502 Metal measuring tapes. Technical conditions

GOST 13837 General purpose dynamometers. Technical conditions

GOST 14192 Marking of goods

GOST 15150 Machines, devices and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, operating conditions, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of climatic environmental factors

GOST 16523 Rolled sheet made of carbon steel of high quality and ordinary quality for general purposes. Technical conditions

GOST 19904 Cold-rolled sheet steel. Assortment

GOST 21150 Litol-24 Lubricants. Technical conditions

GOST 30247.0 (ISO 834-75) Building structures. Fire resistance test methods. General requirements

GOST 30826 Multilayer glass. Technical conditions

GOST 31173-2003 Steel door blocks. Technical conditions
________________
GOST 31173-2016 is in effect.


GOST 31471 Devices for emergency opening of doors of evacuation and emergency exits. Technical conditions

GOST 32539-2013 Glass and glass products. Terms and Definitions

GOST R 52582 Locks for protective structures. Technical requirements and test methods for resistance to criminal unlocking and burglary

GOST R 53303 Building structures. Fire doors and gates. Test method for smoke and gas permeability

GOST R 53307 Building structures. Fire doors and gates. Fire test method

GOST R 56177 Door closing devices (door closers). Technical conditions

SP 59.13330.2012 Accessibility of buildings and structures for people with limited mobility

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards (documents) in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annual information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and for the issues of the monthly information index "National Standards" for the current year. If the referenced standard (document) to which an undated reference is given is replaced, it is recommended to use the current version of this standard (document), taking into account all changes made to this version. If the referenced standard (document) to which the dated reference is given is replaced, then it is recommended to use the version of this standard (document) with the above year of approval (adoption). If, after approval of this standard, a change is made to the referenced standard (document) to which the dated reference is given, affecting the provision to which the reference is given, then this provision is recommended to be applied without taking into account this change. If the reference standard (document) is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the reference to it is given is recommended to be applied in the part that does not affect this reference.

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions are used in this standard:

3.1 fire barrier: A building structure with a standardized fire resistance limit and a structural fire hazard class of a structure, a volumetric element of a building or other engineering solution designed to prevent the spread of fire from one part of a building, structure, structure to another or between buildings, structures, structures.

3.2 fire door: A structure consisting of movable and fixed elements, equipped with locking mechanisms and self-closing devices, equipped with attachment elements to the enclosing structure, which serves to fill openings in fire barriers and prevents the spread of fire and combustion products into adjoining rooms during the normalized time.

3.3 canvas: The movable part of the door.

3.4 box: The fixed part of the door, designed for hanging the leaf (s), installed in the opening of the fire barrier.

3.5 closed box: Box delimited on four sides by steel profiles.

3.6 U-shaped box: Box delimited on three sides by steel profiles.

3.7 threshold: The lower part of the box is closed.

3.8 porch: Place of abutment of the canvas (s) to the frame profiles.

3.9 threshold without rebate: The lower part of the box is of a closed type, made of a profile, the design of which does not provide for the abutment of the canvas, providing a gap, including through, between the lower end of the canvas (s) and the outer surface of the profile.

3.10 recessed threshold: The lower part of the box is of a closed type, made of a profile, the design of which ensures the abutment of the canvas along its entire width.

3.11 added threshold: A structural element installed on a threshold without a rebate or on the surface of a clean floor in order to ensure the abutment of the canvas along its entire width.

3.12 retractable threshold: A structural element installed on (c) the door leaf and ensuring the elimination of the gap between the lower end of the door leaf (s) and the threshold without a rebate or between the lower end of the door leaf (e) and the surface of the clean floor in doors without a threshold when the door leaf (s) is closed.

3.13 transom: Part of the filling of the opening with light-transmitting elements is either deaf, having a common box with the door structure, or made in the form of an independent assembly unit connected to the door frame.

3.16 fire resistance limit of the structure: The time from the start of fire exposure at a standard temperature regime to the onset of one of the normalized signs of limit states.

4 Classification and designation

4.1 Depending on the design, the doors are subdivided:

- for the deaf;

- with glazing;

- on the left and right opening;

- for one-field and two-field;

- on two-sided - equal-field and with canvases of different widths;

- with a transom;

- with a closed box with a threshold with a porch;

- with a closed box with a threshold without a bridging;

- with a closed box with thresholds without a bridging and an attachment;

- with a closed box and a threshold without a rebate and a retractable threshold;

- with a U-shaped box without a threshold;

- with a U-shaped box and an added threshold;

- with a U-shaped box and a retractable threshold;

- with one sealing contour in the vestibule;

- with two or more sealing contours in the porch.

Examples of door designs are given in Appendix A.

4.2 Depending on fire resistance and smoke and gas tightness, doors are divided into types according to table 1.

Table 1

Parameters E, I, S, given in table 1, denote the limit states of the door in terms of fire resistance and smoke and gas tightness:

E - loss of integrity as a result of the formation of through cracks or holes in structures, through which combustion products or flame penetrate to an unheated surface;

I - loss of heat-insulating ability due to an increase in temperature on the unheated surface of the structure to the maximum values ​​for this structure;

S - loss of smoke and gas tightness due to a decrease in resistance to smoke and gas permeability below the minimum permissible value.

4.3 The designation of the fire resistance limit of the door consists of the symbols standardized for the given door design of the limit states and the number corresponding to the time to reach one of these states (the first in time) in minutes.

Example

E 60 - fire resistance limit of 60 minutes for loss of bearing capacity;

EI 30 is the fire resistance limit for the loss of integrity and thermal insulation capacity, regardless of which of the two limit states occurred earlier.

4.4 If different fire resistance limits for different limit states are standardized (or set) for a door, the designation of the fire resistance limit consists of two or three parts, separated by a slash.

Example

E 60 / I 30 / S 15 - fire resistance limit upon reaching successively the following limit states: loss of smoke and gas tightness - 15 min, thermal insulation capacity - 30 min, integrity - 60 min.

Note - Numerical indicators in the designation of the limits of fire resistance of structures, obtained from the test results, differing from those established in table 1, should be selected from the numbers in the series: 15, 45, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 360 according to GOST 30247.0.


Example of a symbol

Door DPS 01 2100-950 right EI30 GOST ... (TU ...) - fireproof steel blind single-floor door, 2100 mm high, 950 mm wide, right, fire resistance limit of 30 minutes for loss of integrity and thermal insulation, (TU .. .). In doors with glazing instead of "DPS" indicate "DPSO".

4.5 Structure of product designation:

Notes (edit)

1 Additional information about the door, for example, options for its executions provided for in the design documentation, or any other information may be entered before or after the symbol.

2 For export-import deliveries, it is allowed to use a different structure of the symbol, agreed with the customer and established in the corresponding work order or manufacturing (supply) contract.

5 Technical requirements

5.1 Doors should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard, GOST 31173 and design documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

5.2 The limits of fire resistance and smoke and gas tightness should be set in the TU on a specific type of door.

5.3 Doors should be made in a climatic version in accordance with GOST 15150, taking into account the conditions of their operation.

5.4 The number of opening and closing cycles that the doors must withstand during operation during the service life specified in the technical specifications for the door of a particular type must be at least 200,000 in accordance with GOST 31173.

5.5 Doors must be equipped with self-closing devices (door closers, spring hinges, etc.), and for double doors, both leaves of which are actively used during operation, an additional device for coordinating the sequential closing of the canvases.

5.6 The closing time of a door equipped with a self-closing device and open at 90 ° should not exceed 5 s in accordance with the requirements established in GOST R 56177.

5.7 Self-closing devices installed on doors on the paths of movement of people with limited mobility must provide a delay time for the start of closing of at least 5 s in accordance with SP 59.13330.

5.8 The force of opening the door leaf should not exceed 100 N, with the exception of doors installed on the routes of movement of people with limited mobility. The opening force for such doors should be no more than 50 N in accordance with SP 59.13330.

5.9 The value of the through gap between the lower end of the door leaf (s) and the level of the clean floor of the room of doors without a threshold or between the lower end of the door leaf (ten) and the threshold without a rebate should be set in the TU and operational documentation for a door of a specific type based on the results of fire resistance tests.

5.10 The frame of smoke and gas tight doors should be of a closed type with a rebated threshold.

5.11 Doors on the paths of people with limited mobility with parameters E and I should not have thresholds.

If it is necessary to install smoke and gas-tight doors on the paths of movement of low-mobility groups of the population (EIS parameters), their design should provide for the presence of thresholds with a rebate, the height of which should not exceed 14 mm, or installation on (in) the door leaf (s) of a sliding threshold of a built-in or laid-on type, providing a gap bridging according to 5.9.

5.12 Door frames should be made of steel profiles of the closed or open type, obtained as a result of bending or profiling.

The structural design of the boxes must ensure the integrity and thermal insulation capacity of the door for a time corresponding to its fire resistance limit set in the TU for a specific type of door. Thresholds can be either an integral part of the door frame, or a separate structural element.

Recommended options for the design of door sills are shown in Figures A4, A5 (Appendix A).

Recommended options for the structural design of door frames are given in Appendix B.

5.13 Door leafs should be made of box-section from steel sheets with a thickness of at least 0.8 mm.

Note - The stiffness of the web can be ensured by vertical bends, horizontal or vertical stiffeners, which should not form a thermal bridge between the outer and inner sheets of the web, or by using the technology of sequential gluing of layers of heat-insulating materials between themselves and the sheets of the web.


Recommended options for the structural design of door leaves are given in Appendix B.

5.14 Gaps on the front surfaces of structures at the joints of the box parts should not be more than 0.5 mm. It is allowed to increase the gap up to 1 mm, followed by sealing the joint with non-combustible sealants.

5.15 Sealing in the vestibules

5.15.1 Elastic polymeric gaskets should be used as gaskets. Gaskets should be placed around the entire perimeter of the vestibule, except for the case of structural execution of doors without a threshold. Gaps in the joints of the gaskets are not allowed. In the closed position of the web, the gaskets should be pressed against it without a gap.

5.15.2 Expandable gaskets should be used to prevent the spread of combustion products and open flames. Install gaskets in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Placement of gaskets is established according to the design documentation. Gaps in the joints of the gaskets are not allowed, with the exception of the locations of the counter and front locking strips, passive crossbars, latches and hinges.

Note - Sealing and thermally expanding gaskets should be installed after complete drying of the paint and varnish coating of the boxes and door leaves.

5.16 Component requirements

5.16.1 Locks, striking plates, latches and hinges used in the construction of the door must ensure its fixation in the closed position for a time corresponding to the fire resistance limit set in the technical specifications for a door of a particular type.

5.16.2 Locks installed in door leafs should be used of both cylinder and lever types not lower than class II in accordance with GOST 5089 or U2 in accordance with GOST R 52582.

Locks installed in the curtains of gas-tight doors must be of the cylinder type.

The structural design of the door leaves in the area of ​​the locks, as well as the accompanying structural elements used with the locks must provide thermal insulation of the locks and resistance to direct penetration of open flame and combustible gases to the unheated side of the door in the event of a fire, including through the key hole, for a time corresponding to the limit fire resistance of a door of a specific type, indicated in the TU on a door of a specific type.

5.16.3 Closing of canvases with locks according to 5.16.1, 5.16.2 should be done with a latch without using a handle.

5.16.4 In doors that have passed the fire resistance test, it is allowed to use locks that meet the requirements of 5.16.1-5.16.3 and are included in the same model range with a lock in the tested design.

5.16.5 The use of hinged devices on the door (intercoms, readers, video surveillance cameras, etc.) is allowed without testing the specified products for fire resistance as part of the door.

5.16.6 In double doors, the operating mode of which provides for the simultaneous opening of both doors, a system of locks and associated structural elements should be provided to ensure the coordination of their sequential closing.

5.16.7 Lever handles used in doors should be designed to ensure safe and unhindered movement of people through the doorway. For example, you should use handles whose ends are rounded towards the door leaf.

Polymer handles must have a steel bar along the entire working length of the handle.

5.16.8 Emergency opening devices (anti-panic devices) used to equip doors must comply with the requirements of GOST 31471.

5.16.9 The construction of doors should provide for the installation of passive crossbars (pins). A different design solution is allowed, providing a reduction in deformation of the door leaf in case of fire.

5.17 Material requirements

5.17.1 The grade of sheet steel and rolled products for the manufacture of door leaves and door frames must be at least 08ps in accordance with GOST 16523. At the same time, the quality of sheet metal must comply with the requirements of GOST 19904, long products - GOST 1050, high-alloy steel - GOST 5632.

5.17.2 Parts and assemblies used in the construction of doors, as well as latches of locks and parts responsible for their operation, should not be made of fusible materials.

5.17.3 Filling of door leaves should be carried out with non-combustible heat-insulating materials. Heat-insulating materials made in the form of slabs or mats should be laid in canvases without through gaps and voids with overlapping joints by at least 30 mm. The structural design of the canvases should ensure the prevention of subsidence of the heat-insulating materials laid in them during the service life of the door, established in the TU on the door of a specific type.

5.17.4 Glazing used in a fire door must be fire resistant.

In accordance with clause 52, article 147 of Federal Law N 123-FZ, replacing fire-resistant glass from one manufacturer with glass of another manufacturer equivalent in fire resistance in the design of a previously certified fire door is permissible in agreement with the certification body that issued the certificate for the original design.

Recommended design options for glazing units are given in Appendix D.

5.18 Operational documents on the door must be executed in accordance with GOST 2.601 and GOST 2.610.

5.19 The service life of the door is at least 10 years, subject to the rules of installation and operation established in this standard and TU on a door of a particular type.

5.20 The completeness of delivery of doors must be specified in the TU on a door of a specific type and / or a work order (contract) for manufacturing (supply).

5.21 Marking

5.21.1 The door marking must contain:

- name and (or) symbol;

- designation of the normative document in accordance with which the products are manufactured (technical specifications);

- date of manufacture (month and year);

- trademark of the manufacturer;

- name of the country, manufacturer, legal address of the manufacturer;

- sign of circulation on the market;

- glazing marking according to GOST 30826.

5.21.2 The place and method of marking should be indicated in the design documentation for a particular type of door.

5.21.3 Marking of shipping containers - in accordance with GOST 14192.

5.21.4 Each package must be accompanied by a packing list indicating:

- name and symbol of doors;

- name and number of products in the package;

- date of packaging;

- stamp and signature of the packer.

6 Acceptance rules

6.1 To check the compliance of doors with the requirements of this standard and design documentation, acceptance, periodic and type tests should be carried out. The nomenclature of parameters (indicators) checked in the process of acceptance and periodic tests is shown in Table 2.

6.2 During acceptance tests, the doors are accepted in batches. A batch should consist of doors of the same model, manufactured according to the same technological process.

table 2

For testing, 3% of the batch of doors should be selected, but not less than three samples, by random sampling. If there are less than three doors in a batch, each one is checked.

In the case of a negative test result for at least one indicator on at least one sample, the doors are re-checked with a double number of samples for the parameter that had a negative result. If the parameter is again found to be inconsistent with the set value on at least one sample, the entire batch of doors is subjected to a continuous check (grading). If the result of continuous control is positive, they return to the above procedure for acceptance tests.

6.3 Doors should be subjected to periodic tests at least once every two years from among the products that have passed the acceptance tests for compliance with the requirements of all clauses of this standard and / or TU for a specific type of door, except for 5.2.

The frequency of checking the values ​​of indicators for reliability parameters should be carried out at least once every two years.

When doors are put into production, tests should be carried out for compliance with all the requirements of this standard and / or technical specifications for doors of a specific type.

6.4 When making changes to the design of doors, materials or their manufacturing technology, type tests are carried out, the scope of which should be set depending on the content of the changes.

7 Test and control methods

7.1 The design and completeness of the doors should be checked by comparing with the design documentation on the door of a specific type (type), approved in the prescribed manner.

7.2 Determination of indicators for fire resistance and smoke and gas permeability (see 5.2) of doors should be determined, respectively, according to GOST 53303 * and GOST 53307 *.
________________
* Probably a mistake in the original. It should read: GOST R 53303-2009 and GOST R 53307-2009, respectively. - Note from the manufacturer of the database.

7.3 Compliance of doors with climatic design in accordance with GOST 15150 (see 5.3) should be determined according to the methods established in the technical specifications for doors of a specific type (type).

7.4 The number of opening and closing cycles (see 5.4) should be determined according to the methods established in the technical specifications for the door of a particular type (type).

7.5 Control of the closing time (see 5.6) and closing delay (see 5.7) should be carried out by measuring the time interval with a stopwatch in accordance with GOST 8.423 at a door leaf opening angle of 90 °.

7.6 Control of the opening force (see 5.8) should be carried out in accordance with GOST 13837 by measuring with a dynamometer the force applied to the middle of the door handle when opening the door with the locking device fixed in the open position. The maximum reading of the dynamometer is taken as the opening force when the free edge of the web moves in the range from 0 to 100 mm.

7.7 The value of the through gap between the lower end of the door leaf (s) and the level of the clean floor of the door without a threshold or between the lower end of the door leaf (s) and the threshold without rebate (see 5.9) should be checked with a vernier caliper ШЦ-II-О * -250-01 according to GOST 166.
___________________
* The text of the document corresponds to the original. - Note from the manufacturer of the database.

7.8 The structural design of boxes and canvases (see 5.10-5.13) should be checked by comparison with the design documentation for a specific type (type) door. The thickness of the metal should be determined with a vernier caliper ШЦ - II - 0-125-0.1 in accordance with GOST 166.

7.9 The size of the gaps on the front surfaces of structures (see 5.14) should be checked with a control tool (template, probe) of the manufacturer according to the procedure approved in the prescribed manner.

7.10 The presence and correct installation of sealing and thermally expanding gaskets, as well as the correct marking (see 5.15.1, 5.15.2, 5.21) should be checked visually by comparison with the design documentation.

7.11 The tightness of sealing gaskets with closed webs (see 5.15.1) should be determined by the presence of a continuous trace left by a coloring substance (for example, colored chalk), previously applied to the surface of the gaskets and easily removed after testing.

7.12 Compliance of components with the requirements established in this standard (see 5.16.1, 5.16.2, 5.16.3, 5.16.6-5.16.9) should be checked based on an analysis of the design documentation on the door, accompanying documentation of the component manufacturers, as well as for visible damage.

The functioning of door hinges, locking devices, door handles should be checked by opening and closing the door leaves ten times. Locks should be unlocked and locked during each cycle. The opening and closing of the canvases, as well as the functioning of the fittings, must occur smoothly without jerking or jamming. In case of detection of deviations in the operation of any component, it is adjusted and re-checked.

7.13 The correct laying of heat-insulating materials in the form of mats and plates (see 5.17.3) should be checked with a tape measure in accordance with GOST 7502.

7.14 The conformity of grades and the quality of materials (see 5.17.1-5.17.4), as well as the absence of visible damage, should be checked during the incoming control according to the accompanying documentation of the manufacturers.

7.15 Service life (see 5.19) should be determined by processing statistical data obtained from operating conditions.

8 General requirements for door installation

8.1 Requirements for the installation of doors are established in the operating documents on the door. Additional requirements for installation can be established in the design documentation for construction objects, taking into account the options adopted in the project for the execution of the nodes of the junction of the doors to the walls of the openings, designed for the given climatic and other loads.

8.2 Installation of doors should be carried out by specialized construction organizations or specially trained teams of the manufacturer. The completion of installation work must be confirmed by an acceptance certificate, as well as by the transfer of executive documentation to the customer, a list of which is given in Appendix D.

8.3 Doors should be installed in prepared doorways, made with allowances (mounting gaps) in width and height relative to the installation dimensions of the box, in accordance with the requirements established in GOST 31173-2003 (clause E.6, Appendix E).

Sealing of mounting gaps should be carried out with cement-sand mortar or non-combustible fibrous heat-insulating material moistened with cement-sand mortar, or fire-fighting foam that has passed fire resistance tests together with the door.

Note - When using fire-fighting foam, it is necessary to strictly follow the data specified in the technical documentation for the foam in terms of the permissible dimensions of the installation gaps for embedding with foam (width, depth) and in the instructions of its manufacturer. When filling the mounting gaps with foam after its final expansion, the foam should be cut along the contour to a depth of at least 5 mm and plaster. The operation of doors, during the installation of which the gaps were sealed with foam only without mortar sealing, is not allowed.

9 Operating instructions

9.1 During operation, a general inspection of the door should be carried out at least once a quarter, eliminating the identified defects and malfunctions, while paying special attention to:

- the performance of the fittings;

- the size of the gaps between the web and the box, set in the manufacturer's design and operational documentation;

- condition of sealing and thermally expanding gaskets.

9.2 During the operation of doors, their surface should be periodically cleaned by wiping with a cloth soaked in water or detergent solution. Moving joints, as necessary, should be lubricated with grease in accordance with GOST 21150.

It is not allowed to get water or cleaning solution between the glass and the glazing frame, on the thermally expanding gaskets, as well as in the moving joints. When using doors at facilities where periodic processing of the surface of boxes and sheets with special compounds is mandatory, the design of parts and assemblies should ensure their protection against corrosion and violation of the fire-fighting properties of the product.

9.3 During the operation of doors with glazing, to avoid clouding, direct exposure to ultraviolet radiation (sunlight, electric arc, etc.) should be avoided, unless the manufacturer of fire-resistant glazing guarantees its immunity to such influences.

9.4 On doors with glazing, installed in porous concrete or walls (partitions) made of gypsum plasterboard or gypsum fiber boards, it is recommended to install self-closing devices with an overhead position.

Appendix A (reference). Examples of door designs

Appendix A
(reference)

1 - solid; 2 - with light transmitting elements; 3 - with transom

Figure A.1 - Single-door doors

1 - solid; 2 - unequal; 3 - with transom

Figure A.2 - Double doors

1 - one-door right-opening door; 2 - double door opening left

Figure A.3 - Examples of door opening direction

1 - with a threshold with a porch; 2 - with a threshold without a porch; 3 - with thresholds without a porch and attached; 4 - with a threshold without a rebate and a retractable threshold

Figure A.4 - Examples of structural execution of doors with a closed frame

1 - without a threshold; 2 - with an added threshold; 3 - with a retractable built-in threshold; 4 - with a retractable surface-mounted sill

Figure A.5 - Examples of the structural performance of doors with a "P" -shaped (open) box

Appendix B (reference). Examples of structural design of door frames

Appendix B
(reference)

1 - heat-insulating gasket

Figure B.1 - Examples of the structural design of door frames

Appendix B (informative). Examples of structural design of door leaves

Appendix B
(reference)

1 - steel strip bracket; 2 , 7 - squares; 3 - channel; 4 - rectangular profile; 5 - bent profile for resistance welding; 6 - sheathing sheets with a bend; 8 - thermal insulation pad; 9 - adhesive layer

Figure B.1 - Examples of structural design of door leaves

Appendix D (reference). Examples of structural design of glazing units

Appendix D
(reference)

1 - glass holder; 2 - sealant; 3 , 4 - non-combustible heat-insulating materials; 5 - thermo-expanding gaskets; 6 - glazing

Figure D.1 - Examples of structural design of glazing units

1 Certificate of registration of a legal entity - manufacturer of works (copy)

2 License of the Ministry of Emergency Situations or SRO admission for the installation of fire-prevention structures (copy)

3 Specification of installed products, indicating product numbers and corresponding openings on floor plans

4 Certificates of compliance with fire safety standards for products (certified in accordance with the established procedure)

5 Passports for products

6 List of manufacturers and / or suppliers of fittings and components for replacement installed in products in case of their malfunction

7 Assembly drawings

8 Warranty for installation

Note - As-built documentation is subject to storage by the developer or customer until the final inspection by the state construction supervision body. At the time of the final inspection, the as-built documentation is transferred by the developer or customer to the state construction supervision body. After the issuance by the state construction supervision body of an opinion on the compliance of the constructed, reconstructed, repaired capital construction facility with the requirements of technical regulations (norms and rules), other regulatory legal acts and project documentation, the executive documentation is transferred to the developer or customer for permanent storage.

Bibliography

Electronic text of the document
prepared by JSC "Kodeks" and verified by:
official publication
M .: Standartinform, 2019

No one will deny that calmness, stability and comfort are what people have been striving to achieve at all times. Sometimes all this is achieved at the cost of a lot of effort. But just one spark from a lighted match or a short-circuited wire can cross everything out and bring a lot of problems and grief. Of course, no one is immune from accident, but installing a fire door block minimizes the spread of fire. For greater confidence, special locks are installed for fire doors.

The modern market for fire protection structures is presented in a huge assortment. It is not difficult to find a suitable option that will perfectly harmonize with the interior and be distinguished by high technical characteristics (as evidenced by the certificate for fire doors).

Fire doors retain their properties even when exposed to extreme temperatures. The certificate for fire doors contains information on how long a given model can withstand direct fire.

According to the current standards, all fire-prevention structures are conventionally divided into several groups according to the time of exposure to fire:

1. EI15 - up to 15 minutes;
2. EI30 - about 30 minutes;
3. EI45 - 45 minutes;
4. EI60 - hour;
5. EI120 - 2 hours;
6. EI150 - 2.5 hours;
7. EI180 - 3 hours;
8. EI240 - 4 hours;
9. EI360 - 6 hours.

However, as practice shows, even the most resistant door systems are able to withstand the onslaught of fire for no more than 2 hours.

The fact is that the temperature of a burning room reaches 1200 degrees: on average, the living room burns out in 15-20 minutes, and the office space burns a little longer (this is due to the fact that there is a lot of furniture and office equipment here). Experts recommend choosing structures that are resistant to fire for at least 30 minutes (the passport for this door contains the designation EI30).

Technical characteristics of quality fire doors

In addition, a high-quality refractory structure has the following features:

1. Hermetically sealed.
   Such a door does not allow flames to pass through, protecting the adjacent room from fire, and retains harmful substances released into the air when various objects are burned.
2. Thermally insulated.
   This design does not transfer heat.
3. Strong.
   This door system retains its shape and strength when exposed to high temperatures.

Compliance with these requirements is a guarantee that the purchased fire-resistant product will provide reliable protection.

Classification of fire protection door systems

In general, the fire-resistant structure is very similar to a "puff cake", which has several layers: top and inner. The top layer is a flame retardant coating made of aluminum, sheet steel, fire retardant paint or veneer "set" on a non-combustible adhesive.

The inner layers of fire-prevention structures can be varied: here they use mineral or basalt wool, anti-smoke gaskets and other thermal material treated with a special impregnation.

The marking of fire doors (the passport introduces this information) draws the attention of potential buyers to the material used for the manufacture of a specific model of a fire-resistant structure. In other words, it contains information about which top and inner layers are in this door frame.

Fire door certification takes into account the fact that fire-resistant structures can be made of wood, metal and even heat-resistant glass. They can be made in a classic style or have an author's design.

According to current regulations, the dimensions of fire doors can be very different: single or double, standard or non-standard. In the latter case, products are made to order.

To meet the safety requirements of the design, its dimensions must be optimal.

The maximum permissible width of a single-strip construction is 110 cm, and the height is 241.5 cm.At the same time, the technical conditions also determine the minimum permissible dimensions of a fire-prevention single-leaf door system: the width of the door leaf must be at least 66 cm, and the height - 147 cm.

Moreover, the technical conditions also regulate the parameters of double-leaf structures:

• the minimum width is 98 cm, the height is 154 cm;
• the maximum width should be no more than 190 cm, and the height should be 253 cm.

As for the weight of the structure, it is also regulated by safety standards: the weight can vary from 35 kg to 100 kg. And to comply with fire safety requirements, the canvas and the box must be made of high quality material.

Fireproof fittings

To comply with all safety standards, the door structure must be equipped with a special anti-panic mechanism. Anti-panic lock guarantees quick and easy opening of the structure during evacuation in case of an emergency.

The anti-panic lock device is unique in that it can be locked from the outside like a regular lock, but from the inside of the room it can be opened without a key. In general, Antipanika locks are designed so that they can be easily opened by little children, disabled people and the elderly. At the same time, Antipanika locks serve as reliable protection of the premises from unauthorized entry inside.

Fittings for fire-fighting structures are made of a refractory alloy, for example, one of the components of such a composition may be molybdenum. One more condition: the length of the door handle and the width of the sash must be identical (such conformities govern the technical safety conditions). In addition, the complete set of fire doors provides for the presence of a closer that regulates the closing speed of the sash.

To make sure that the purchased fire-resistant product is of high quality, you need to carefully study the passport of the door system, where all its technical characteristics are indicated. If you wish, you can also consult with specialists who will help you choose the most reliable fire protection structure.

Any fire-prevention gates must first of all satisfy the basic requirement, to withstand the impact of the flame for a strictly limited period of time. The result is achieved by a peculiarity, in their manufacture they use heat-insulating materials that have received reduced heat transfer. A complete sealing of the gate system is also needed in order to stop the poisoning of other rooms.

Fireproof double-leaf gates received the most effective system, only this factor helped to make the product really affordable among all fire-resistant systems. The doors of such structures reliably touch, therefore, in case of a strong fire, the penetration of smoke into the structure is excluded. Also, special insulation is often applicable, it begins to increase with a slight heating, thus pressing the sashes together. Although the gate system is elementary, the main factors of reliability remain at a high level.

Hinged-type structures have a canvas, it is equipped with horizontal and vertical rollers. Their number absolutely depends on the total length of the gate. Mineral seals that are attached around the full perimeter are glued to prevent them from falling. As a rule, such a canvas is two-layer, and has the required width, this system will withstand the flame for 1 hour. The peculiarity of the gate is in the principle of operation, when opening there is no need to allocate additional space. The sash slides along special slats attached to the contour of the garage where the gate is located.

Refractory roll-type structures and lifting ones characterize a kind of roll, often made of plastic and metal. Such a sleeve includes wooden lining, they are impregnated with a special composition, it does not allow the fire to flare up. A special composition is placed between such a roll and iron, it does not light up, and also received a reduced heat transfer.

Such a duet does not burn at all in case of fire and remains cool. This gate will resist fire for about 60 minutes. The advantage of such structures lies in the property of PVC - it is not at all afraid of rust. If a metal is chosen for production, that is, a special steel, it must necessarily be indifferent to increased stress, and also not deform when heated. The difference between panel and roll structures is only in the opening of the leaf, in other words, after opening the door, the roll version is rolled up when the sectional ones are raised and positioned along the length of the ceiling.

In addition, the contour is a fire-resistant component, it goes around the opening along the edge. Often, the contour is made of exactly the same material as the canvases themselves, it received a special "component" that helps to completely clog the room. If a fire breaks out, the penetration of toxins into the garage is practically impossible.

Any refractory structures are simply upgraded. For this, sensors are attached, they determine the temperature of the room, and also the occurrence of smoke. In addition, if the sensor senses an increase in a certain threshold value, then specialized electric drives start and automatically seal or open the leaves. These systems effectively increase the fire safety of the existing structure as a whole and, in principle, reliably stop the combustion center.

Article title: Passport for fireproof gates