National anthem Russian Federation is one of the main official state symbols of the Russian Federation, along with the flag and coat of arms. The music and the basis of the lyrics were borrowed from the Anthem of the Soviet Union. The melody for him was written by Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov, the one who formed the fighting spirit in the early days of the Great Patriotic War such a work as "Get up, the country is huge!" The authors of the anthem's poems were Sergei Mikhalkov and Gabriel El-Registan.
The text of the national anthem of the Russian Federation
Russia is our sacred state,
Russia is our beloved country.
Mighty will, great glory -
Your property for all time!
From southern seas to the polar edge
Our forests and fields are spread out.
You are the only one in the world! You are the only one -
Native land protected by God!
Hail, our free Fatherland,
The age-old union of fraternal peoples,
Ancestors given wisdom folk!
Glory country! We proud of you!
Wide space for dreams and for life
The years to come open to us.
We are given strength by our loyalty to the Fatherland.
So it was, so it is and it will always be so!
Hail, our free Fatherland,
The age-old union of fraternal peoples,
Ancestors given the wisdom of the people!
Glory country! We proud of you!
Date of approval of the national anthem of the Russian Federation
During the November 2000 session of the Federation Council, the President said that the legislative consolidation of state symbols should be a priority for the state. As music, Putin V.V. offered to take the former Soviet anthem, while writing to him new text... On December 4, 2000, he submitted to the State Duma a new bill "On the State Anthem of the Russian Federation" On December 8, the State Duma voted in favor of adopting Aleksandrov's music as the anthem. Based on the results of the vote, a commission was created whose task was to propose the text of the national anthem. More than 6,000 thousand letters were received from citizens with proposals for a new text, but the commission chose S.V. Mikhalkov.
On December 20, 2000, the Federation Council approved a package of bills, which included the law on the anthem; it was signed by the President of the Russian Federation V.V. December 25, 2000. Alexandrov's music was officially accepted. On December 30, 2000, the text was approved by a presidential decree. For the first time, citizens of the Russian Federation heard new version anthem with words on television on the night of January 1, 2001.
Basically, the anthem is performed at solemn and festive events, broadcasted on TV channels and radio at the beginning and at the end of broadcasting. In accordance with the law, it is also executed during official sports competitions in Russia and abroad.
At the official sounding of the national anthem of the Russian Federation, those present must stand.
Upon arrival at military unit your commanders will demand that you know the text of the Russian anthem, because in the army it is performed as part of a unit every day. The anthem is also performed on the general formation of the military unit, during the evening verification in the unit, when the flag is raised, at the Victory Parades on May 9. Nevertheless, I believe that every citizen of Russia should know the text of the national anthem of the Russian Federation, because it is a symbol of the new Russia and a reflection of the respect of all people and devotion to their country and their history.
In 1943, Mikhalkov, together with the military journalist Georgy El-Registan (Gabriel Arkadyevich Ureklyan), wrote the text to the State Anthem of the USSR, which was first performed in New Year's Eve 1944 of the year. In 1977, Mikhalkov created the second edition of the USSR national anthem.
In 1993, by a decree of the government of the Russian Federation, the writer Sergei Mikhalkov was introduced to the Commission (co-chairman) for the creation of the anthem of the Russian Federation. In 2001, for the third time, he became the author of the text of the national anthem, now of the Russian Federation.
Anthem of the USSR. 1943 text
Great Russia united forever.
Chorus:
And Lenin illuminated the great path for us.
We were raised by Stalin - to be loyal to the people
He inspired us to work and deeds.
Chorus:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
The happiness of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, national banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
We raised our army in battles,
We'll sweep the dastardly invaders off the road!
In battles we decide the fate of generations,
We will lead our Fatherland to glory!
Chorus:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
The glory of the peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, national banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
Anthem of the USSR. 1977 text
The unbreakable union of the free republics
Great Russia rallied forever
Long live created by the will of the peoples
United, mighty Soviet Union!
Chorus:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's party is the strength of the people
Through the thunderstorms the sun of freedom shone for us,
And the great Lenin illuminated our path:
For a just cause, he raised the peoples,
inspired us to work and deeds!
Chorus:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's party is the strength of the people
Leads us to the triumph of communism!
In the victory of the immortal ideas of communism
We see the future of our country
And to the red banner of the glorious Fatherland
We will always be selflessly faithful!
Chorus:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's party is the strength of the people
Leads us to the triumph of communism!
Russian anthem. 2001 text
Russia is our sacred state,
Russia is our beloved country.
Mighty will, great glory -
Your property for all time!
Chorus:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
From the southern seas to the polar edge
Our forests and fields are spread out.
You are the only one in the world! You are the only one -
Native land protected by God!
Chorus:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
The age-old union of fraternal peoples,
Ancestors given the wisdom of the people!
Glory country! We proud of you!
Wide space for dreams and for life
The years to come open to us.
We are given strength by our loyalty to the Fatherland.
So it was, so it is and it will always be so!
Chorus:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
The age-old union of fraternal peoples,
Ancestors given the wisdom of the people!
Glory country! We proud of you!
In any state, the anthem, coat of arms and flag are the main official symbols. In Russia, the law "On the State Anthem of the Russian Federation" was signed by the President on December 25, 2000, and its first official performance in modern interpretation took place on January 1, 2001.
Authors of music and lyrics
The authorship of the music belongs to the composer Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov (April 13, 1883 - July 8, 1946). The modern melody is completely in line with that hymn. Soviet Union, the first performance of which took place on the night of January 1, 1944.
The words were written by the poet Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov (March 13, 1913 - August 27, 2009). Thus, S.V. Mikhalkov is the author of texts written in 1943, 1977 and 2000.
Melody by M.I. Glinka
Before the adoption of this law, a different anthem existed in Russia since 1990. A melody written in 1833 by the composer was accepted as music. M. I. Glinkoy and found in his archive three decades later. The Patriotic Song was approved as the anthem of the RSFSR at the end of 1990. She continued to remain in this status in the future, which was confirmed by the corresponding decree of President Yeltsin.
The execution took place without words, since according to different reasons failed to create and validate text. An official competition for the creation of the text was announced; the commission received several thousand options. There was even a winner, but this music was never destined to find words. The impasse was created by political divisions in the State Duma. It became clear that it was necessary to look for another solution.
Creation of the anthem of the Russian Federation
Such an unnatural situation could not remain long. In 2000, the discussion on this topic was resumed.... V.V. Putin proposed to take the music of the former Soviet anthem and put a new text on this melody. This time, the legislative approval of music and lyrics passed relatively quickly.
In December, the President submitted a draft law to parliament. During less than a month the bill went through all stages of discussion and was approved in both chambers.
On the first day of 2001, the first performance on television took place. The well-known melody of A. Aleksandrov has new words, and it is in this form that it continues to be performed at the present time.
I must say that there was no unanimity in society about this option either. Opponents of A. Alexandrov's melody claimed that it glorifies negative sides of the Soviet past, from which Russian state recently refused. Some famous politicians and public figures actively expressed their protest, fearing a serious split in society.
Nevertheless, a significant part of citizens reacted approvingly to the idea of using this particular music. It was also important that the melody itself A. Alexandrova objectively turned out to be very successful just for performance in this capacity. Time-tested, beautiful, solemn and easy to remember. Now this melody is in to a greater extent associated with the heroic pages of the past, rather than with its negative manifestations.
More serious discussions arose when discussing words. The text written by the poet S. V. Mikhalkov and the journalist G. A. El-Registan (Gabriel Arshakovich Ureklyan) is clearly outdated and no longer corresponded to modern realities. In addition, the words underwent significant correction back in 1977, when the new Constitution was adopted. By this time G.A. El-Registan was no longer alive, therefore the second edition of the text was created only by S.V. Mikhalkov.
A special commission considered all the proposals received. There were many of them, but in the end the commission settled on the option proposed by S. V. Mikhalkov.
All anthems of Russia
Over the long history of Russia, there were seven official hymns in the country. Two of them were performed during the reign of the Romanov dynasty:
- since 1816 "God Save the King", music of the Great Britain anthem, words by V. A. Zhukovsky "Prayer of the Russians"
- since 1833 "God Save the Tsar!", music by A. F. Lvov, lyrics by V. A. Zhukovsky
After the fall of the monarchy, the third official anthem of Russia was the French Marseillaise, words and music by C. J. Rouget de Lille, and the Russian text by P. L. Lavrov. Four more were performed in Russia and the USSR after 1917:
- since 1918 "Internationale", music by Eugene Potier, lyrics by Pierre Degeiter, Russian text by A. Ya. Kots
- since 1944 the anthem of the Soviet Union, music by A.V. Aleksandrov, words by S.V. Mikhalkov and G.A. El-Registan
- since 1990 "Patriotic Song", music by M. I. Glinka
- since 2001 the anthem of Russia, music by A.V. Aleksandrov, lyrics by S.V. Mikhalkov
Today, the anthem of the Russian Federation is the most important attribute of state symbols, and its performance is based on current legislation.
The State Anthem of the Russian Federation is a musical and poetic work performed in the cases provided for by the Federal Constitutional Law on the State Anthem. It can be performed in an orchestral, choral, orchestral-choir or other vocal and instrumental version. The national anthem of the Russian Federation must be performed in strict accordance with the musical edition and text approved by the law. The national anthem of Russia was approved by presidential decree on December 30, 2000. The author of the words to the anthem S.V. Mikhalkov, author of music A.V. Alexandrov.
The first anthem of Russia - "The Prayer of the Russians" - began to be sung in 1816 by decree of Alexander I at the meetings of the emperor. The words of the anthem belonged to V.A. Zhukovsky, the music was borrowed from Henry Carrie (God Save the King, 1743). This hymn existed until 1833, after which it was replaced by "God Save the Tsar!" In 1917, it was replaced by the Workers' Marseillaise, which was replaced a year later by the Internationale. In 1944, a new hymn appeared, the music of which is used in the modern hymn. The authors of the words for him were S.V. Mikhalkov and G.G. El-Registan. From 1955 to 1977, the anthem was sung without words (since the name of the disgraced Stalin was mentioned in them), until new ones were written by the same authors. After the collapse of the USSR (in 1991), the Russian anthem was "Patriotic Song" by composer Glinka. This anthem had no words until its replacement in 2000.
The national anthem of the Russian Federation is performed:
- upon assuming office of the President of the Russian Federation - after taking the oath;
- upon taking office of the heads of bodies state power subjects of the Russian Federation, heads of local self-government bodies;
- when opening and closing sessions of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation and sessions The State Duma Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation;
- during the official lifting ceremony State flag Russian Federation and other official ceremonies;
- during the ceremonies of welcoming and seeing off the heads of foreign states, heads of government of foreign states, official representatives of foreign states, as well as heads of interstate and intergovernmental organizations visiting the Russian Federation on official visits - in accordance with the diplomatic protocol;
- during military rituals - in accordance with the general military regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
- The national anthem can also be sung at the opening of monuments and memorial signs, at the opening and closing of solemn meetings dedicated to public holidays Of the Russian Federation and in other cases specified in the federal constitutional law on the state anthem.
The text of the National Anthem of the Russian Federation:
- our sacred state,
Russia is our beloved country.
Mighty will, great glory -
Your property for all time!
From the southern seas to the polar edge
Our forests and fields are spread out.
You are the only one in the world! You are the only one -
Native land protected by God!
Hail, our free Fatherland,
The age-old union of fraternal peoples,
Ancestors given the wisdom of the people!
Glory country! We proud of you!
Wide space for dreams and for life
The years to come open to us.
We are given strength by our loyalty to the Fatherland.
So it was, so it is and it will always be so!
Hail, our free Fatherland,
The age-old union of fraternal peoples,
Ancestors given the wisdom of the people!
Glory country! We proud of you!