Probiotics - live bacteria - microorganisms that live in the human body and have a positive effect on its vital activity. Probiotics contain various strains of bacteria.
There are bifidus, colic, lactic preparations. Also, the composition may contain yeast-like fungi, enterococci, aerococci, depending on the manufacturer and purpose. Probiotics are available in liquid and dry form.
Probiotics not only allow you to populate the intestines with the right microorganisms and overcome pathogenic flora that cause various unpleasant symptoms, but also make it possible to increase immunity and effectively fight ailments. In this article, we'll take a look at inexpensive yet effective gut probiotics. Reviews, as well as a list of drugs with prices, can be found below.
When are probiotics prescribed?
According to the American Gastroenterological Association, probiotics are currently most commonly prescribed in the treatment of the following diseases and conditions:
- Infectious diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection, including in infants and young children - strains of lactobacilli of the species Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei.
- - probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria Bifidobacterium infantis and Lactobacillus plantarum and fungi Sacchromyces boulardii, as well as a combination of probiotics can help with the establishment of bowel movements.
- Antibiotic-associated diarrhea- Saccharomyces boulardii can prevent recurrence of the most dangerous and most common antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile.
In addition, a gastroenterologist may prescribe probiotics for patient complaints of stool disorders, colic and frequent bloating and flatulence, a feeling of heaviness in the stomach, as well as other conditions.
How to take it right?
It is very important to choose the right probiotic for the treatment of a particular condition. To select a probiotic, you can use the following simple rules:
- If you suspect a bacterial infection of the intestine(acute or chronic) it is recommended to take complex preparations containing lactobacilli and bifidobacteria at the same time (for example, Bacteriobalance, Bifidin, Linex, etc.).
- If you suspect a viral intestinal lesion(acute or chronic) it is recommended to take drugs containing lactobacilli (for example, Lactobacterin, Narine, Biobacton, Primadophilus, etc.).
- If you suspect a fungal infection of the intestine and genital organs (intestinal and vaginal candidiasis), it is recommended to take drugs containing bifidobacteria (for example, Probiform, Biovestin, Bifidumbacterin, etc.).
During therapy, it is recommended to first drink drugs with lactobacilli, then with bifidobacteria, and only after that with colibacteria (for example, Colibacterin). You can start taking immediately complex drugs that simultaneously contain bifidobacteria and lactobacilli.
Probiotics vs. Prebiotics: What's the Difference?
The names of these two groups of drugs are very similar, so they are often confused.
- Probiotics are live microorganisms that belong to the normal intestinal microflora.
- Prebiotics are organic chemicals that have the ability to create excellent conditions for the reproduction of normal intestinal microflora.
It should be noted that the effect of both prebiotics and probiotics is similar, because each of the groups of these agents normalizes the intestinal microflora.
Beneficial features
Most probiotic bacteria belong to two genera: lactobacillus (lat. Lactobacillus) and bifidobacteria (lat. Bifidobacterium), although you should be aware that there are many other types of probiotic bacteria.
These drugs are capable of:
- Produce substances that prevent various infections.
- Prevent bacteria harmful to humans from attaching to the intestinal wall and inhibit their growth.
- To inhibit the secretion or destroy toxins released by some bacteria “bad” for the human body.
- Stimulate the strengthening of the intestinal mucosa as a barrier against infections.
- Increase the efficiency of the immune system by secreting antibodies to certain viruses.
- Produce B vitamins necessary for the metabolism of food, preventing anemia that occurs with a lack of vitamins
- B6 and B12, as well as maintaining healthy skin and nervous system.
The described effects are more or less characteristic of all microorganisms related to probiotics. However, the mechanisms of these effects have not yet been fully elucidated.
Intestinal probiotics: list and prices
The following medications may be prescribed to maintain gut health:
- Linex is one of the most famous probiotics that are widespread in Russia. It contains three components of microflora, which are located in different parts of the intestine. Price 350-500 rubles.
- ... It is often used in pediatrics for conditions characteristic of a violation of the colonization of the intestine with flora, in combination with antibiotics and other drugs. It contains Bifidobacterium bifidum N1 in a dry powdery state. Price 350-400 rubles.
- More concentrated bifidobacteria are contained in Probifor - one sachet contains about 10 portions of bacteria that are in "Bifidumbacterin". Price 500-600 rubles.
- ... In addition to probiotic strains of lacto- and bifidobacteria, it contains Escherichiacoli. Combines with antibiotic therapy, thanks to the protective capsule, it easily overcomes the acidic environment of the stomach. It is one of the best encapsulated probiotics for adults. Price 350-400 rubles.
- Florin forte. It is a powder containing lacto- and bifidobacteria. It is prescribed for both adults and children and newborns. Due to the combination of bacteria, it has a complex effect, but it does not go well with some antibiotics. The price is 500-550 rubles.
Depending on the time of creation and improvement, several generations of probiotics are distinguished:
- 1st generation - classic monocomponent preparations consisting of one strain of microorganisms - typical intestinal inhabitants (bifidumbacterin, lactobacterin, etc.);
- Generation II - self-eliminating antagonists (bactisubtil, enterol, biosporin, etc.);
- Generation III - multicomponent preparations (symbiotics) consisting of several (from 2 to 30) bacterial strains (bifilong, etc.) or from several types of bacteria (linex, bificol, etc.);
- IV generation - combined preparations (synbiotics), consisting of a strain of bacteria and ingredients that contribute to their growth, reproduction and metabolic activity (biphilis, kipatsid, etc.);
- V generation - multicomponent combined preparations (synbiotics), consisting of several types of bacteria and ingredients that promote their growth, reproduction and metabolic activity (florin, bifiform, etc.).
In addition, the form of the probiotic must be considered. They are all divided into:
- Dry probiotics(lactobacterin, bifidumbacterin, colibacterin, etc.);
- Liquid forms (biovestin, biovestin-lacto, florin, trilact, bifidum No. 791 BAH, liquid bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, lactoflor, etc.);
- Sorption forms s (ecoflor, probifor, bifidobacterin forte, bifikol forte, etc.);
- Enteric coated capsules(linex, bifiform).
And if earlier were considered the best liquid probiotics for the intestines, today capsule preparations are more and more common. Modern technologies make it possible to effectively store all the necessary bacteria in the capsule. Those who take probiotics unanimously declare that the preparations in capsules are much more convenient to drink, like a vitamin: I took it out of the package, washed it down with water and forgot ...
Probiotics in foods
Sources of prebiotics are: dairy products, bread, cereals, peas, corn flakes, garlic, bananas, onions, beans and some other types of foods. One of the most popular foods that provide probiotic consumption is yogurt.
In addition, their sources are: most dairy products, such as cheese, kefir, cottage cheese, buttermilk. There are a few more examples of probiotics: sauerkraut, kimchi, pickles, bread, wine, soy sauce.
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Probiotics are biologically active drugs that contain live bacteria of the normal intestinal microflora. Probiotics for children prevent the development of dysbiosis and have a therapeutic effect in case of manifestations of the disease. Timely prescription of probiotic agents in children of the first year of life contributes to the formation of protective reactions of the body against aggressive factors of pathogenic microflora.
Lactobacillus bolgaricus is considered the first probiotic that mankind began to use for the preparation of medicinal food. The only microorganism whose name mentions the territory where it was isolated from plant cells.
The discovery of the Bulgarian lactobacillus became the basis for the production of lactic acid products endowed with healing and excellent taste. And although they first began to prepare them more than 8 thousand years ago, the technology for the production of feta cheese and yoghurts in certain territories of Central Asia, Russia and Ukraine is still used.
In the 80s of the twentieth century, microorganisms capable of normalizing the intestinal flora were given the name "probiotics". It fully reflects the purpose of drugs - "for life". Restoring the balance between beneficial and harmful bacteria, probiotics show the best qualities in protecting the body from infections and cancer, normalize digestion, relieve skin manifestations and synthesize vitamins.
Dosage forms
Dry
The very first probiotics are represented exclusively by dry cultures of microorganisms. For drying, a lyophilization method is used. First, the biomaterial is strongly frozen, and then drying takes place in a vacuum chamber with the evaporation of all the liquid. The bacteria do not die, but go into a state of suspended animation - the suspension of vital activity, which will resume under more favorable conditions.
The advantage of dry probiotics is a long shelf life (in ampoules, tablets, capsules or vials), which reaches 2 years. However, there are also disadvantages. Lyophilization weakens the beneficial qualities of bacteria, reduces their ability to attach to the intestinal epithelium. To get out of suspended animation and start active activity of bacteria, it will take about 8 hours - the time during which some of them leave the body.
Liquid
The production of liquid forms of probiotic preparations preserves their viability in the environment where the metabolic products of microorganisms are also located. The bacteria begin to show their activity within a couple of hours after ingestion. Liquid forms of probiotics are easily dosed in drops and are widely used in pediatric practice to treat children under one year old.
These drugs have another advantage. Various ingredients can be added to their composition. For example, prebiotics. They provide food for beneficial microorganisms, increase their reproduction, colonization and effective properties for the normalization of the biological environment of the intestine.
Assortment by groups
Russian epidemiologists, pediatricians and biologists have approved more than a hundred types of drugs that contain beneficial bacteria for the body of a child of any age category. They can be:
- monocomponent, that is, contain only one type of microorganisms: “Bifidumbacterin”, “Lactobacterin”, “Colibacterin”, “Bactisporin”;
- multicomponent, which include several types of beneficial microorganisms: “Bifiform” (enterococci and bifidobacteria), “Bifikol” (Escherichia coli and bifidobacteria), “Linex” (lacto- and bifidobacteria, enterococci), “Bifiform Malysh” (lacto- and bifidobacteria );
- combination drugs, including microorganisms and additives that enhance the action of beneficial bacteria, that is, probiotics and prebiotics: "Acipol" (polysaccharide of kefir fungi and lactobacilli), "Bifiliz" (lysozyme and bifidumbacteria);
- sorbed, represented by bacterial colonies fixed on the sorbent: “Florin forte” (lacto- and bifidumbacteria adsorbed on activated carbon), “Bifidumbacterin forte” (bifidumbacteria on activated carbon).
Monocomponent preparations are indicated if an insufficient amount of bacteria of a particular species is accurately identified. More effective in terms of activity against harmful microorganisms: multicomponent and combined probiotics.
Mechanism of action
After ingestion, the probiotic preparations, having passed the entire digestive tract, remain in the optimal environment of the large intestine.
Beneficial bacteria adhere (attach) to mucous membranes, forming colonies of cells of the same type. As a result of their vital activity, active substances with antibiotic properties, amino acids and enzymes are formed. Suppressing the growth of harmful microflora, they normalize intestinal motility, microflora balance, synthesize vitamins and substances necessary to enhance immunity.
For newborns
The newborn period is 28 days, during which the baby's body adapts to new living conditions. The rupture of the fetal bladder, from which childbirth begins, forever deprives it of a sterile habitat and opens the way to a new world. The first, with whom the newborn will meet, will be microorganisms.
Invisibles will begin to actively settle on the skin, mucous membranes and in the intestines even during the child's passage through the birth canal. They will continue to form their families-colonies with breast milk entering the intestines, will take advantage of the opportunity during contact with the mother, medical personnel and care items.
Among the huge army of bacteria, the intestinal microflora will be formed by both beneficial and conditionally harmful representatives. The first are lacto- and bifidobacteria, as well as a type of E. coli with normal enzymatic properties. From the first days of the baby's life, they will take an active part in the processes of digestion, will defend themselves against harmful microbes and external factors, and will begin to synthesize vitamins and substances for the formation of immunity.
Representatives of the second group do not show their harmful properties until suitable conditions for aggression arise. And the main one is a decrease in the number of beneficial microorganisms. Conditionally harmful flora (staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Proteus, citrobacter, fungi, E. coli with altered properties) will intensively occupy their niche in the intestine, causing dysbiosis.
The main probiotics in this crucial period of life will be lacto- and bifidobacteria, which are part of breast milk. Natural feeding is a natural source of useful biomaterial for building the baby's immune system.
Artificial feeding deprives the child of important microorganisms in the establishment of the balance of the intestinal flora. These are children from the risk group, prone to frequent illnesses, and, first of all, to dysbiosis. That is why all formula for artificial feeding are enriched with lacto- and bifidobacteria, and the diet of a newborn child, on the recommendation of a doctor, can be supplemented with fermented milk mixtures.
If necessary, from the first days of life, probiotic preparations without lactose and cow's milk protein are shown:
- "Bifiform Baby";
- "Normoflorin-L" (lactobacilli);
- "Normoflorin-B" (bifidobacteria and prebiotic lactitol);
- “Narine”;
- "Liveo Malysh" (bifidobacteria, prebiotic fructo-oligosaccharide and an auxiliary component from vegetable oil triglycerides): for stool normalization.
Against the background of antibiotic treatment
The need to prescribe antibiotics is always associated with the threat of dysbiosis. Antibiotics are not selective for microorganisms. Destroying pathogenic bacteria, they cause irreparable harm to the beneficial intestinal microflora. As a result, after treatment, there are signs of dysbiosis - loose stools or a tendency to constipation, bloating, flatulence, intestinal colic.
To maintain the balance of microflora while taking antibiotics, it is advisable to prevent dysbiosis with microorganisms resistant to antibacterial drugs. Probiotics and prebiotics for children give good results.
Better than others in pediatric practice proved to be "Hilak Forte" without contraindications for children from the first days of life. This prebiotic contains metabolic products that are produced by normal intestinal microflora, causes the death of pathogenic microbes and makes room for the development of beneficial microorganisms.
Of the probiotics, Linex is the most effective. Its composition of lacto-, bifidobacteria and strains of enterococci has an antagonistic effect against pathogenic microbes and normalizes the qualitative and quantitative composition of beneficial bacteria.
After taking antibiotics, a course of drugs with a beneficial effect on the intestinal flora is prescribed. The duration of taking prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics (a complex of prebiotics and probiotics in one preparation), vitamins with prebiotic components is from 3 to 4 weeks.
A good effect for babies is given by the appointment of "Liveo" with 4 useful strains of bacteria in the composition, "Linex". The list of prebiotics includes Hilak Forte and Pikovit Prebiotic.
The organization of the diet and its composition will help to normalize the intestinal flora after prescribing antibiotics. After suffering illnesses, you should not give your baby fatty and high-calorie carbohydrate foods. Juices, fruits and vegetables in the diet will provide more benefits to the regenerating body. Rich in plant fiber, they will provide "food" for beneficial bacteria, accelerate their growth and help to quickly balance the normal composition of microflora.
Efficiency
Comments and feedback from parents about the effectiveness of treatment of dysbiosis in children under one year old and at the age of several years are ambiguous. The same drugs can have a miraculous effect after taking three times in one child and have no effect with long-term treatment in another.
The answer to this question is given by the "School of Doctor Komarovsky". Popular for his well-grounded conclusions, TV presenter, pediatrician and candidate of medical sciences Yevgeny Komarovsky explains the problem in an accessible way.
In his opinion, as such, the diagnosis of "intestinal dysbiosis" does not exist. This condition is a consequence of a specific cause affecting the digestive system. The most common factors provoking an imbalance in the intestinal microflora:
- infectious diseases;
- violation of the diet in qualitative and quantitative terms;
- changing living conditions;
- stress.
Until the cause is eliminated, no probiotics, prebiotics or vitamins can normalize the intestinal microflora. In order to prevent dysbiosis, Komarovsky recommends, first of all, to establish a diet, to exclude feeding the child between meals set in time, introduces foods into the diet, the list of which is regulated by the age of the baby.
For infectious diseases, doctors often prescribe antibiotics of different drug groups. These drugs are harmful to many bacteria and speed up recovery. However, often after treatment with antibacterial drugs, a person develops dysbiosis. In this condition, the stomach constantly hurts and growls, nausea and diarrhea periodically disturb. The consequences of dysbiosis can be stomatitis or vaginal candidiasis. To prevent dyspeptic symptoms, doctors prescribe probiotics after antibiotics for both adults and children. These drugs are necessary for the prevention of microflora disorders.
Dysbiosis reasons
Dysbacteriosis is a pathological condition in which the balance in the composition of the normal microflora of the digestive tract is disturbed. The following reasons can provoke the disorder:
- Long-term or unreasonable treatment with antibacterial drugs.
- Improperly organized food.
- Frequent stressful situations.
- Addiction to alcoholic beverages.
- Diseases of the inflammatory and infectious type.
- Traveler's diarrhea.
- Diseases of the digestive tract - gastritis, ulcers, pancreatitis.
Dysbacteriosis can occur at different ages; both infants and the elderly suffer from this pathological condition.
In a person with strong immunity, taking antibiotics does not disrupt the normal intestinal microflora.
Functions of beneficial bacteria
To understand how to take probiotics after antibiotic treatment, you need to know what role beneficial bacteria play. There are several types of beneficial bacteria in the human body, which include anaerobic gram-positive bacilli and microaerophiles. Most of these microorganisms inhabit the large intestine, located on its walls. These bacteria perform the following functions:
Often, intestinal upset after antibiotics can be due to the simultaneous destruction of a large amount of beneficial microflora. This can even lead to such a life-threatening disease as pseudomembranous colitis.
Many doctors believe that even if there are no visible health problems after taking antibiotics, the consequences of taking them will negatively affect the body for a long time.
Probiotic classification
After antibiotic treatment, various probiotic medications can be taken. All of these drugs, recommended after antibiotics, are divided into several groups, depending on the generation.
In addition, all probiotics are divided into groups, depending on the active ingredients. There are preparations containing bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, colibacteria and enterococci.
Probiotics allow you to create an optimal alkaline balance in the body, in which pathogenic microbes die, and beneficial microorganisms develop well.
Drug overview
During treatment, it is imperative to take bifidobacteria after antibiotics to prevent severe digestive tract disorders. But only a doctor should prescribe such drugs. A person who is far from medicine cannot always choose the right probiotic, therefore, there will be no effect from such treatment.
It should be remembered that probiotics should not be drunk immediately after taking antibacterial drugs, as the probiotic can neutralize their effect. You need to wait about two hours between taking these two drugs. It is during this time that the antibiotic has time to be absorbed into the bloodstream.
The drug is taken orally, after adding a little cooled tea or just water. For babies, you can mix the drug with breast milk or formula.
Children under 12 years old are peeing 1 plastic ampoule of the drug 2 times a day. Teens and adults should take the drug every 3 hours, 1 ampoule.
Enterogermina can be administered to pregnant and lactating women. In rare cases, during treatment, urticaria appears, which indicates drug intolerance.
Enterol
This probiotic contains yeast-like fungi that have antidiarrheal and antimicrobial effects. Enterol is also used against vomiting, it helps to increase local immunity and prevents the development of pathogenic microbes.
Adults can take the drug in 2 capsules, several times a day. For children, the dosage is determined by the attending physician. Enterol should not be prescribed simultaneously with antifungal agents.
In rare cases, during the treatment with Enterol, dyspeptic disorders and allergic reactions occur.
A good probiotic after antibiotics is Bifiform. This drug quickly eliminates all the phenomena of dysbiosis and normalizes the alkaline balance.
Children over 2 years of age are prescribed 1 capsule of the drug, twice a day, at approximately an equal time interval. If the patient's condition is severe, then the dose can be increased to 4 capsules.
Children under 2 years of age are prescribed one capsule, just once a day. For babies up to six months, one capsule is divided into 2 doses, the powder can be diluted both in water and in breast milk.
Acipol
This drug consists of lactobacilli and kefir fungi. It has a pronounced antimicrobial activity, creates an unfavorable environment for the life and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria.
Acipol improves digestion and synthesis of vitamins in the body. Promotes the elimination of harmful cholesterol and bilirubin, increases local immunity. The drug reduces the severity of allergic reactions. It can be prescribed for severe intestinal infections as part of complex therapy.
Children under 3 years old are given 1 capsule of Acipol 2 times a day. Children over 3 years old and adults are recommended to take up to 4 capsules per day.
The average duration of treatment with Acipol is two weeks, but if necessary, therapy can be extended for a month.
This is a fairly popular drug that is often prescribed for both adults and children. It contains acidophilic bacteria, which normalize the microflora in the intestine.
Linex helps to improve digestion and quickly eliminates all dyspeptic symptoms. The drug can be used for dysbiosis of various etiologies.
- Children under 2 years of age are given the contents of one capsule 1-2 times a day. The powder is diluted in a teaspoon of water.
- Children over 3 years old are given 1 capsule up to three times a day.
- Adults drink 2 capsules, three times a day.
The duration of treatment is usually a month, but at the direction of the doctor, the course can be reduced or extended. The drug is allowed to be taken during pregnancy.
To avoid digestive problems, after treatment with antibiotics, you need to drink probiotics with a course. These drugs normalize the intestinal microflora and increase immunity. Only a doctor should select such drugs.
Since the middle of the last century, antibacterial drugs have been successfully used in the treatment of many infectious diseases. Hundreds of millions of lives have been saved thanks to antibiotics, but despite this, antimicrobial drugs should be treated with extreme caution, as they can cause a number of undesirable consequences.
- Allergic effects: itching, rash, urticaria, Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock. Especially often, an allergic reaction is caused by drugs of the penicillin series.
- Immunosuppressive action: the activity of the body's protective factors decreases.
- Toxic effect on the kidneys, liver, heart, hematopoietic organs.
- One of the frequent side effects of antibiotic therapy is dysbiosis, which occurs as a result of inhibition of the saprophytic (permanent) flora of the gastrointestinal tract, as a result of which pathogenic microflora, insensitive to this type of antibiotic, multiplies. This is due to the non-selectivity of antimicrobial agents: their effect extends not only to pathogens, but also to representatives of normal microflora.
The most common clinical manifestation of dysbiosis accompanying antimicrobial therapy is antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) - three or more episodes of loose stools for 2 or more days, within two months after taking antibiotics.
AAD is observed in 10-30% of cases and develops with sub- or decompensated intestinal dysbiosis. This condition requires mandatory correction.
How to take probiotics while taking antibiotics
The main component of the treatment and prevention of both mild and severe forms of dysbiosis is therapy.
Probiotics are living microorganisms or substances that normalize the composition and functioning of the microbiota in the body.
Probiotics differ:
- the number of strains (species) of bacteria;
- the total number of viable microorganisms ─ CFU;
- "Survival" in the gastrointestinal tract and under conditions of antibiotic therapy (antibiotic-resistant strains);
- efficiency;
- security;
- shelf life.
It is worth giving preference to multi-strain and multi-species preparations (), since probiotics containing several types of bacteria are more effective.
The course should be continued for another 10-14 days after the end of antibiotic therapy. Probiotic drugs are taken after a course of antibiotics even in the absence of clinical manifestations of dysbiosis.
This is due to the fact that the bacterial ecosystem in the intestine is unstable for several weeks after the end of antibiotic therapy.
The interval between taking probiotic and antibacterial agents should be at least 2-3 hours.
Exceeding daily doses is strongly discouraged due to the risk of side effects: fever, arthritis, hepatitis, autoimmune disorders, etc.
The instructions for use and storage conditions must be strictly observed. It is recommended to choose products of well-known brands to be sure that the drug is in accordance with the declared composition.
List of probiotics when taking antibiotics
All patients receiving antimicrobial drugs are advised to take probiotic complexes from the first day. This measure significantly increases the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and increases its safety.
It should be borne in mind that not all probiotics are compatible with antibiotics, therefore, in parallel with the course of antimicrobial therapy, only drugs with antibiotic resistance are prescribed:
- "RioFlora"
A modern multi-strain complex that contains 8 types of beneficial microorganisms: lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.
It is prescribed from the first day of taking antibiotics, 2 capsules twice a day.
The course of treatment is from 10 to 14 days.
The package contains 40 capsules.
Cost: 500─600 rubles.
- "Primadophilus"
Probiotic complex. There are 4 types of the drug on the market:
"Primadophilus"- contains 2 strains of lactobacilli.
It is taken in a capsule 1 time per day for 14-30 days.
There are 90 capsules in a bottle.
Average price - 1000 rubles.
"Primadophilus bifidus"- as a part of 2 types of lacto - and bifidobacteria.
The reception scheme and the price are similar.
"Primadophilus Children's"- intended for children from birth up to 5 years old, as a source of lacto - and bifidobacteria.
Release form: powder in a polypropylene can of 50 or 140 grams.
Children of the first year of life are prescribed half a teaspoon 10 minutes before the first morning feeding. From 1 year to 5 years: 1 tsp. 1 time per day with meals. Before use, the product is diluted with 10 ml of liquid (warm water, breast milk or formula).
Course: 2-4 weeks.
Price: 600─1000 rubles.
"Primadophilus Junior"- intended for the treatment of dysbiosis in children from 6 to 12 years old. Contains 2 strains of lacto - and 3 strains of bifidobacteria.
Take 1 capsule 1 time per day.
The package contains 90 capsules.
The course of admission is 2-4 weeks.
Price: about 1000 rubles.
- Enterogermina
Contains Bacillus clausii spores that are multidrug resistant to antibiotics.
It is produced in the form of a suspension in 5 ml vials (10 each) and in capsules.
Adults and children over 12 years old take 2-3 bottles or capsules a day with any drink. Children from 1 month to 12 years old - 1-2 bottles per day.
Treatment course: from 7 to 14 days.
The cost is 1500 rubles.
- Enterol
An antidiarrheal agent containing lyophilized (dried) Saccharomyces boulardii.
It is produced in the form of capsules and powder for suspension preparation.
Adults and children over 3 years old take 1-2 capsules per day for a week. Children from a year to 3 ─ 1 capsule for 5 days.
In a bottle of 10, 20, 30 or 50 caps.
Price: 300─800 rubles.
- "Baktisubtil"
Contains freeze-dried powder of Bacillus cereus bacteria.
Release form: capsules, in a package of 20 pieces.
Adults are prescribed 4–8 capsules per day for a week. Children over 7 years old, 3-6 a day.
Price per package from 700 rubles.
- "Bifiform"
In the composition of bifidobacteria, enterococci and a special prebiotic environment. The capsules have an acid-resistant protective shell, due to which the complex of microorganisms is not inactivated in the aggressive environment of the stomach.
The course of treatment is from 10 days to 3 weeks.
Packing cost (30 capsules) - 500 rubles.
- "Linex"
The drug contains 3 types of live bacteria: lacto -, bifidobacteria and enterococci.
It is produced in the form of capsules, in packs of 16, 32 or 48 pcs.
Admission rules: for adults, 2 capsules 3 times a day, for children, one 3 times a day, if a child has difficulty swallowing a capsule, then its contents must be mixed with a small amount of liquid.
The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
Price: 350─750 rubles.
- Florin Forte
Symbiotic with lacto - and bifidobacteria in the composition.
Release form: capsules and powder packets.
Adults take 2 capsules (packets) 3 times a day for 10-15 days.
The drug is allowed for newborns: 1 capsule (packet) 2 times a day, pre-dilute the contents with liquid.
Price: 500─600 rubles.
- "Ecobion"
The dietary supplement contains a balanced combination of lacto - and bifidobacteria in an optimally high concentration.
Produced in capsules, 15 pcs in a package.
Take 1-2 capsules once daily.
The course of treatment is 7-14 days.
Price: 550 rub.
- "Bion 3"
BAA with a complex of probiotic cultures (bifidobacteria and lactobacilli), vitamins and minerals.
Take 1 tablet daily.
One package (30 tablets) is designed for a course of treatment.
Price: 850 rubles.
List of probiotics after taking antibiotics
If, for some reason, probiotics were not taken in parallel with antibiotics, then the course of probiotic therapy can be started after the end of the intake of antimicrobial agents. For these purposes, the above drugs or cheaper ones with a similar effect are suitable:
- "Polibacterin"
The preparation contains dry biomass of bifido and lactobacilli.
Available in the form of tablets of 30 and 60 pieces.
Take 2 tablets 3 times a day.
The course is 10 days.
Price from 100 rubles.
- "Bifidumbacterin"
The active ingredient is bifidobacterium bifidum.
Release form: capsules, tablets, powder, suppositories, lyophilisate.
The course of treatment is 2-4 weeks.
Price from 150 rubles.
- "Normoflorin D"
A mixture of live lacto-, bifidobacteria, their metabolites, trace elements and a prebiotic component - lactitol.
Take 2 tablespoons in the morning and in the evening, first dilute with any liquid in a 1: 2 ratio.
The course of treatment is 14-30 days.
Release form: bottles with a liquid concentrate of 50 or 100 ml.
Price: from 200 rubles.
- "Acipol"
The drug contains acidophilic lactobacilli and a polysaccharide of kefir fungus.
Take 1 capsule 3-4 times a day, duration of treatment 10-15 days.
The drug is approved for children from 3 months.
Price per package (30 capsules) - 350 rubles.
- "Maksilak"
Synbiotic: contains 9 strains of probiotic microorganisms and a prebiotic component (oligofructose).
Take 1 capsule daily with food, preferably in the evening.
The package contains 10 capsules.
The course of treatment is from 10 to 30 days.
Price from 400 rubles.
Nutrition During Probiotic Treatment
To increase the effectiveness of probiotic therapy, it is necessary to include in your diet foods that stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial microflora in the intestines - natural prebiotics:
- Fermented milk products with a short shelf life (yogurt, low-fat sour cream, acidophilus, bifidok, kefir).
- Foods rich in pectin and inulin: apricot, quince, peaches, apples, strawberries, red and black currants, eggplant, carrots, peppers, radishes, marshmallows, marmalade; Jerusalem artichoke, chicory, onion, garlic, barley.
- Bran bread (preferably homemade).
- Whole grain cereals (buckwheat, corn, oatmeal, rice, barley, wheat).
According to scientific studies, changes in the intestinal biocenosis after prolonged use of antibiotics are largely irreversible, which can lead to serious disorders such as allergic diseases, diabetes, obesity, bronchial asthma, etc.
Thus, uncontrolled use of antibiotics entails a lot of negative health consequences. Antimicrobial drugs should be taken reasonably, after consultation with a specialist and under the guise of probiotic drugs.
The article will tell you in detail what probiotics are, why they are needed and how to distinguish them from prebiotics.
Probiotics are microorganisms that can quickly restore intestinal microflora and have a positive effect on the entire body. We can say with confidence that probiotics are not only useful, but also vital for the body. The duty of probiotics is to improve the intestinal absorption of nutrients found in food.
All probiotics can be divided into two groups:
- Bifidobacteria
- Lactobacillus
It is these groups of microorganisms that are found in probiotics. It is important to understand that, depending on the manufacturer, each drug may contain more or less beneficial bacteria (in different proportions). For this reason, the doctor may prescribe different medications to the patient, depending on the problem. A probiotic is not a panacea for all problems, it must be used correctly for the drug to really help.
A probiotic has several actions:
- Produce antibodies that can support immunity in the human body.
- Promote the strengthening of the gastrointestinal mucosa
- Prevent the intestines from being filled with "harmful" and pathogenic bacteria.
- Block the growth of pathogenic bacteria (microflora) and prevent the synthesis of hazardous compounds.
- Destroy the vital activity of "harmful" bacteria
- Produce B vitamins, which are essential for a good metabolism in the body.
IMPORTANT: Probiotics prevent “harmful” bacteria from multiplying, eliminating their waste products. Probiotics form a special protective membrane on the mucous membrane and therefore pathogenic microorganisms simply cannot attach to the intestinal walls. This is precisely the prevention of dysbiosis in humans (poisoning).
Probiotics help create the "correct" microflora in the body, which helps to suppress disease-causing bacteria. Among other things, probiotics allow protein to be absorbed, strengthen the immune system and participate in the digestive process. We can safely say that the more "rich" the human intestinal microflora for beneficial bacteria, the stronger his health.
INTERESTING: During pregnancy, probiotics are useful in that they help maintain the health of not only the woman, but also the fetus. A healthy body is protected from premature birth and has strong immunity, a woman does not suffer from inflammatory diseases, gynecological problems and pathologies, infections.
Probiotic and prebiotic: what's the difference?
Human immunity is formed precisely in the intestine and therefore it is important to form a normal, healthy microflora in it. It is important not to take medications with beneficial bacteria on your own, but to listen to the doctor's recommendations. Due to the wrong balance of microorganisms in the intestines, you may not receive any benefits and even result in poor health.
Prebiotics- These are special components in food that stimulate an increase in "beneficial" bacteria in the intestines. Prebiotics cannot be absorbed or absorbed. Prebiotics are a breeding ground for probiotics. Simply put, taking prebiotics improves the growth of probiotics, which means better health and gastrointestinal function.
Prebiotics include:
- Saccharides
- Enzymes
- Antioxidants
- Amino acids
- Dairy and fermented milk products
- Cereals, cereals and cereals
- Fruits and berries
- Vegetables, garlic
- Greenery
Prebiotics include:
- Lactulose and lactose - found in dairy and fermented milk products.
- Inulin - found in vegetables
- Pectin - cleanses the intestines and has a healing effect.
- Fructosaccharides - are found in vegetables, fruits and berries.
- Alimentary fiber - polysaccharides (which have a laxative effect on the intestines).
In no case should prebiotics promote the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Always pay attention to the composition of the prebiotic preparation and do not take the one with starch. The best and most effective prebiotic is the one based on inulin.
Which probiotic is best for the gut when taking antibiotics for adults?
Antibiotics - drugs that "kill" the intestinal microflora (both "good" bacteria and disease-causing). That is why, in order to restore the balance of microorganisms in the intestines, which are responsible for human health, by taking probiotics. There are a few strict rules about taking these drugs and helping you decide which drug to take.
When choosing, it is important to pay attention to the following nuances:
- Any antibiotic should only be prescribed by a doctor. and only if necessary. An antibiotic is a powerful remedy that not all people can experience safely.
- The doctor adjusts your treatment, based on analyzes and then determines which microorganisms in your intestines caused the disease. So is a probiotic, its task is to restore the flora and only a properly selected drug based on the results of repeated tests is capable of doing this qualitatively.
- Eat a strict diet while taking your prescribed probiotics. This is another "secret" of your quick and high-quality recovery. Taking antibiotics has a bad effect on the liver and therefore, during the period of treatment and recovery, it should not be loaded with heavy food (fried, fatty, salty, smoked, canned food). Saturate your diet with probiotic-rich foods.
Which probiotic is best for the gut when taking antibiotics for children?
As well as for adults, for children, the choice of a probiotic depends only on which antibiotic was treated and which intestinal microflora is present after the course of treatment (determined by analyzing feces). Choosing the wrong probiotic, which parents often make on their own, can lead to unpleasant consequences and a long recovery for the child.
IMPORTANT: Each parent must record any time the child has been treated with an antibiotic. This will allow the doctor to determine the child's tolerance for certain medications and to adjust the effective treatment. Your child should follow a strict diet while taking antibiotics and probiotics to help them quickly regain their health.
List of the best probiotics for diarrhea, diarrhea, dysbiosis for adults and children
If the intestinal microflora is disturbed, this imbalance leads to a lot of unpleasant consequences for a person:
- Diseases of the digestive system
- Dysbacteriosis
- Diarrhea (diarrhea)
- Bloating and increased gas production
- Flatulence
- Diarrhea, which may be followed by constipation
- Enterocolitis
- Gastritis
- Immunity impairment
- Respiratory viral infections
- Allergic reactions
Infectious diarrhea (i.e. diarrhea that occurs due to infection with disease-causing bacteria) always occurs due to rotavirus infection. To get rid of the cause of the disease is possible only by suppressing the "harmful" flora. However, it is impossible to recover if you do not restore normal and healthy intestinal microflora. That is why a probiotic is prescribed.
Probiotics come in several forms:
- Powders
- Suspensions
- Capsules
- Tablets
IMPORTANT: All preparations contain dried "beneficial" bacteria.
List of the best probiotics:
- Bacteria "Lactobacterin"
- Bifidumbacterin bacteria
- Bacteria "Biosporin" and "Enterol" (also prevent the reproduction of pathogenic flora).
- Bacteria "Atzilakt" and "Bifilong"
- Bacteria "Kipatsid" (probiotics and prebiotics)
- Bifarm bacteria (multicomponent preparation)
List of Best Probiotics for Constipation for Adults and Children
Getting rid of such an unpleasant phenomenon as constipation can be done by taking probiotics. These preparations contain a number of live and "beneficial" bacteria that restore and normalize the microflora in the intestine, which is necessary for normal life and defecation. It is worth noting that the treatment of constipation with probiotics can be quite lengthy. But, in any case, it turns out to be effective.
Probiotics are indicated for:
- Constipation
- Stool problems
- Inflammation of the intestines
- Colic
- Poor appetite
- Blood with stool waste
- Weak immunity
The best "good" bacteria for relieving constipation are:
- Lactobacillus
- Bifidobacteria
- Escherichia coli (non-pathogenic)
- Streptococcus
With constipation, it is difficult for a person to get rid of their waste products. This gives not only a feeling of discomfort, but also many unpleasant symptoms: pain, flatulence, poor appetite. The symbiosis of probiotics and prebiotics (cultures of microorganisms that have a positive effect on the stool, softening it) will help get rid of them.
The most popular drugs for relieving constipation are:
- Profibor
- Biovestin
Best probiotics for newborns: a list
Medicines for newborns, which help to stimulate the digestion process, are completely harmless to health. However, it is important to know that choosing a probiotic for your child yourself is a crime. Only the pediatrician should correct the treatment and the choice of the remedy, focusing on the symptoms and analyzes.
IMPORTANT: Not all probiotics available in the assortment of pharmacies are approved for use by an infant, because their effect on the child's body has not yet been studied.
What drugs are allowed for infants:
- Drops "BioGay" - a drug based on lactobacilli, which is prescribed to those children who have frequent and painful colic, regurgitate a lot, have impaired intestinal microflora, poor immunity, and constipation. The drug has a number of strict contraindications, such as kidney disease or diabetes mellitus.
- "Bifiform Baby" - suspension containing bifidobacteria and streptococci. This remedy is great for colic and bloating.
- "Prema Kids" - drops containing bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. The drug improves the digestive process, eliminates colic and bloating. Normalizes stool.
- Sasha "Lactomun" ("Ecological Panda") - the drug is intended for use by children born earlier and having problems with the immune system.
- "Simbiter" - a multicomponent preparation approved for use only from 6 months.
Probiotic - Maxilac: indications, instructions for use
This drug is one of the most popular probiotics. It is produced only in the form of capsules, which are covered with a shell on top. Most often, Maxilac is prescribed after a long course of antibiotic treatment in order to restore all vital bacteria in the intestines.
Often, "Maxilac" is used to treat dysbiosis and digestive disorders. Only 1 capsule should be taken per day. There are no contraindications for the use of "Maxilac", but in some cases, individual sensitivity to the components of the drug may occur.
Probiotic - Vetom: indications, instructions for use
This drug is available only in powder form, its action is to eliminate all possible disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and correct the work of the digestive system. Reception of "Vetom" most often consists of 3 receptions per day for 7-10 days. The remedy does not give any side effects, but people with high sensitivity should still be careful.
Probiotic - Super 8: indications, instructions for use
This is a popular remedy not only for combating dysbiosis, but also for enhancing immunity during the ARVI period, as well as for eliminating allergies (due to strengthening the immune system). The drug looks like capsules. It is important to know that its use is allowed only from the age of 19 and only to those who do not have high allergic sensitivity to individual components. "Super-8" is unique in that one capsule contains more than 40 billion "beneficial" bacteria. The daily allowance is 1 capsule per day, which should only be taken on a full stomach.
Probiotic - Narine: indications, instructions for use
A popular probiotic, which has several forms of release: tablets (capsules), powder sachets and bottles with a liquid concentrate. "Narine" effectively relieves any intestinal disorders caused by dysbiosis or poisoning.
Many people use the drug as a general tonic. The course of treatment with this drug is from 2 weeks to 1 month, the doctor adjusts the dose of "Narine" per day (2 or 3 capsules). It is worth noting that people with high sensitivity to the components of this agent may have a side effect in the form of frequent stools.
Probiotic - Enterol: indications, instructions for use
Enterol is the most common drug prescribed after a course of antibiotic treatment. Enterol effectively relieves diarrhea, which occurs due to both dysbiosis and common food poisoning. Most often, the drug is prescribed 2 or 3 capsules per day (depending on the nature of the problem and age).
"Enterol" has strict contraindications, for example, it should not be drunk by those whose body absorbs glucose poorly. Also, the drug should be abandoned by pregnant and lactating women. Another disadvantage of the drug is possible side effects, which are manifested by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, but the drug is not canceled in the presence of side effects.
Probiotic - Holy Land: indications, instructions for use
This series of preparations belongs to the caring cosmetics of the probiotic complex. Each remedy is designed to establish the microflora that is present on the skin of each person and thereby strengthen the "skin immunity". Any product can cause an allergic reaction in sensitive people. Jars of soap, serum or cream should be kept away from sunlight.
Holy Land probiotic Probiotic - Linex: indications, instructions for use
The most common and popular probiotic complex remedy. The drug is available only in the form of white capsules. "Linex" is an effective remedy for getting rid of any dysbacteriosis, poisoning and disorders of the digestive process. There are no contraindications for the use of this drug, as well as side effects.
Probiotic - Bifidumbacterin: indications, instructions for use
This drug has many forms of release: tablets (capsules), powder sachets, liquid concentrate (drops), ampoules and even suppositories. "Bifidumbacterin" is designed to improve all metabolic processes, normalize bowel function and get rid of dysbiosis, strengthen immunity. The daily dose of the drug is adjusted by the doctor (from 15 to 60 drops per day, the number of capsules or powder). There were no special contraindications and side effects from taking the drug.
Probiotic - Bifiform: indications, instructions for use
It comes in several convenient forms: powder sachets for reconstitution, capsules or chewable tablets for children. "Bifiform" helps to restore bowel function after dysbiosis or antibiotic treatment. It also strengthens the immune system and fights infectious diseases. The drug has no side effects, it is well tolerated and has no contraindications.
Probiotic - Florin Forte: indications, instructions for use
This medicine is available only as a powder for reconstitution in a liquid. It is necessary to combat acute infectious diseases, to treat poisoning and dysbiosis. The doctor will adjust the daily intake, depending on your problem and age. There were no side effects of "Florina Forte", as well as no contraindications.
Florin Forte Probiotic - Hilak Forte: indications, instructions for use
The drug "Hilak Forte" is produced only in the form of liquid drops, which must be added to the drink. The tool efficiently and quickly regulates the intestines, restores its microflora. There are no strict contraindications for the use of the drug, but if a person has hypersensitivity to the components, constipation or diarrhea, an allergic reaction on the skin may still occur.
Hilak Forte Probiotic - Primadophilus: indications, instructions for use
The modern drug "Primadophilus" is available in two convenient forms: capsules and powder (for dilution in liquid). The tool helps to "put in order" the work of the intestines after taking an antibiotic or poisoning. The dose of the drug should be strictly adjusted by the doctor, since Primadophilus has a tendency to cause an allergic reaction in sensitive people.
Probiotic - Acidophilus: indications, instructions for use
This probiotic is available in only one comfortable form - a capsule. You should drink 1 or 2 capsules per day (depending on how big the problem of your intestines is). The drug effectively and efficiently overcomes problems and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. It is important to know that you cannot drink the drug during pregnancy and lactation, as well as for people with a high predisposition to allergic reactions.
What is Probiotic in Kefir?
Probiotics are live microorganisms that can be found in dairy and fermented milk products. Most useful probiotics can be found in kefir, yogurt, or sourdough. The intestinal microflora is very rich and it is she who is responsible for strong immunity and good human health.
Live kefir or yogurt is filled with many lacto- and bifidobacteria, which are essential for a normal digestive process. If you drink kefir every day, it will help you to normalize the balance of "good" bacteria in the intestines, avoid dysbiosis, upset stools and other problems.
IMPORTANT: Live bacteria die at elevated temperatures, so you should drink a fermented milk product only cold or not higher than room temperature.
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