The hut is strong with constipation, and the yard with a fence. It's good when the neighbor is close and the fence is low. Without a fence and constipation, you will not be protected from a thief. There is no fence without poles. The higher the fences, the better the neighbors.
Only a few proverbs testify to the fact that since ancient times a lot of attention has been paid to fences. Time passes, technologies and building materials change, but the desire to protect your site with wooden material does not go away. What is the reason for such love for wooden fences, how to make a beautiful wooden fence with your own hands - let's try to figure it out.
Peculiarities
In central Russia, wood has always been considered the most popular building material. Its accessibility made it possible to build huts and baths, make furniture and utensils even for very poor people. Another thing is places where wood is a luxury. In this case, a wooden fence is a sign of the wealth of the owner of the house:
- Thus, the first feature of the use of wood in the creation of a fence can be called a tradition based on accessibility.
- The second feature is a demonstration of wealth or one's own skills and abilities.
- An important circumstance in the use of such fences is practicality: for example, you can put up the simplest fence to protect livestock, and if necessary, dismantle it and transfer it to a new pasture.
- Environmental friendliness is another feature. A bench placed under the fence will allow you to enjoy the aroma of essential oils emitted by boards or slats. Wood will never be hot or cold like metal. It will perfectly absorb, unlike stone, most of the street sounds.
- If necessary, in most cases, you can replace a fragment of the fence or repair the existing one.
- Limiting a large perimeter (for example, a private house with a garden) is a costly business if you put up a stone or metal fence. But a do-it-yourself braid can do for free.
Summarizing all of the above, we can name two main functions of a wooden fence:
- protection of the territory and households;
- decorative design.
At the same time, it can protect:
- the house and the entire household plot;
- only courtyard buildings with a corral for animals;
- only a front garden;
- flower bed or flower garden.
According to the degree of penetration of the gaze, a wooden fence can be:
- deaf;
- translucent;
- transparent.
Advantages and disadvantages
Indeed, such a fence has a lot of advantages compared to other materials:
- comfortable temperature of wooden elements at any time of the year and day;
- the possibility of self-manufacturing and installation without invited craftsmen and complex tools;
- huge scope for decoration;
- the choice of color depends solely on the desire of the owner, not the manufacturer;
- the ability to apply unusual geometry and shape in general;
- goes well with stone and brick, metal and concrete, mesh and waste material.
It would seem that there are no shortcomings. But this is not so: a wooden fence requires constant care. But if this is done regularly, then he will delight with his beauty for many years.
The service life will depend on the climatic zone and soil quality.
Kinds
Before starting the construction of the fence of the required site, the owner must answer several questions:
- what function should the fence perform;
- what will be its height?
- it will be deaf or transparent;
- How will it open?
- whether additional materials will be used (brick, stone, etc.);
- what will the pillars be made of (metal, logs, bricks);
- what type of wood will be used for pillars and spans;
- whether the help of specialists is required;
- what costs can be expected.
After analyzing all the answers, you can choose one of the types (or combine them):
- Herringbone. Also, such a fence is called a ladder or an American. From afar, the surface resembles deaf siding. Upon closer inspection, you can see that there are gaps between the boards located at an angle. This kind of custom design will protect the site from roadside dust, but will let air flow through. Strong wind will not damage the fence.
- Classic variant- this is a vertical or horizontal tightly fitted canvas. It can be based on a brick or stone foundation, or only on wooden, metal, brick or stone pillars. Such a fence is suitable both for a private house or a cottage, and for a summer residence, that is, for those who want to leave their privacy as such.
- Wattle- the most emotionally warm type of fence. It was invented so long ago that now I can’t remember exactly when. It is still considered commonplace among the Slavic peoples. But recently it is often used as a decorative element for low fences. At the same time, blind high fences are made - wickerwork, which look amazing in combination with other materials.
- barrage ranch style has long ceased to be only American. Style is another matter. In the usual design, such a fence also serves to create a barrier for animals. But there are also beautiful options for fencing the adjacent territories.
You need to be prepared for the fact that this fence will not hide from prying eyes. Yes, and it is suitable for a small area of \u200b\u200bthe fence, possibly a front garden.
- Lattice was once considered an unusual fence. Crossed at an angle of 45 degrees, the slats make the design very airy. Liana-like plants, grapes will perfectly curl along it. Over time, a transparent lattice can turn into a living opaque hedge. Such sections, interspersed with wickerwork or a blank fence, look even more unusual.
- Palisade appeared, perhaps, at the same time as the wattle fence, but it was used to protect the entire village. The strong and strong deaf protection will reliably protect from uninvited guests. Especially if the vertical stakes or logs have a pointed top edge. The durability of such a fence will give the foundation and brick (stone) pillars. But there is also an easier version of the picket fence - bamboo. It does not last as long, but it is much easier to mount it. Moreover, modern manufacturers offer a rolled ready-made fence.
- Fence- one of the most popular types. So much so that they now produce a metal picket fence. This is a universal fence of different heights and widths of pickets. They are easy and quick to attach to wooden veins. If wooden canvases are placed close to each other, then passers-by will be visible from the site, but from the street you can only see what is happening in the yard by stopping. For decorative design of such a fence use paint, varnish. It is made carved and multi-level, combined with other materials.
The picket fence without supporting pillars and crossbars looks completely unusual. Such a fence is also called a palisade, but still the essence is not in the name, but in the aesthetic and functional appeal. Recently, a horizontal picket fence is gaining popularity, as it is more economical and easy to install.
- checkerboard- a mixture of a picket fence, a palisade and a classic fence. In fact, this is a picket fence, but nailed in two rows (from the street and the yard) in such a way that there are no gaps between the boards and the fence becomes deaf. In this case, both sides are front. In order to protect personal space from sight and encroachment, they make it from wider shtaketins.
Color solutions
Once upon a time, wooden fences were not painted at all. And even now, a rustic picket fence, enclosing an ordinary garden “on the back”, is hardly exposed to paints and varnishes. Nevertheless, they always try to ennoble the fence in front of the house, the front garden.
Color solutions for this choose a variety. Starting from varnishing, so as not to deprive the tree of the pattern given by nature. This method can give larch the color of cedar, and pine - the color of walnut. For the same purpose, as well as for protection against insects, various stains and other impregnating substances are used. This option will bring the color of the fence closer to the color of the pillars, foundation, gate, house.
The wooden picket fence, the lattice and even the palisade are covered with multi-colored paints. Particularly interesting is the palisade in the form of colored pencils. Such a playground fence will protect from road dust, street debris and strong winds.
If the house was painted, then it is logical to cover the fence with paint, creating a single ensemble of the entire estate. To do this, you can use the patterns of flowers, animals, floral ornaments. Sometimes two colors are used for this: for the background and for the template. Moreover, template drawings are most often painted white. In other cases, they draw real pictures on the facade of the house and the fence.
But still, often the tree is left with its appearance. After all, it is for naturalness, warmth and naturalness it is appreciated.
Decor
In addition to paints and varnishes, there are many other ways to decorate wooden fences. Before dwelling on any decor option, you can look at 3D samples on the Internet to see the fence “live” from different angles and in different materials:
- Some types of fencing are fence decor in themselves. For example, a lattice or wickerwork, a checkerboard or a log palisade.
- Shtaketins, burned at the stake or using a burner, will not only get rid of insects and their larvae, but will also become a real designer find in the design of a Russian estate, a robber harbor or Berendey's kingdom.
- The use of stone and brick will give solidity and durability to the entire structure. But it is also a wonderful decorating technique, as such fences look very beautiful.
- Metal is not only a reliable protection for the fence itself, but also a beautiful decorative element. Forged elements will give an aesthetically attractive appearance and reliability to a wooden canvas.
- An old fence can be updated in a non-standard way. If it has not been varnished for a long time, then it will be difficult to do this: it will absorb an incredible amount of paints and varnishes, but at the same time it will no longer have the proper appearance. You can hide this significant drawback by using overhead decorative elements: flower pots, climbing vertical greenery, birdhouses, old waste materials in the form of flat toys, pictures, etc. The fence itself, of course, will not save it, but it will move it away for some time its dismantling and installation of a new fence.
- A photo grid will also help transform an old fence. This modern decorative material will help hide the flaws of any fence. You just need to choose the right material and pattern of the photo grid.
- Log saw cuts are a very beautiful decor option. With it, you can turn a transparent fence into a deaf one, hide holes in the place of damaged pickets.
- Wattle can zone a place of rest in the country. If climbing plants or artificial sunflowers are woven into it, then such a place is stylized as a Ukrainian welcoming hut.
Design style
Looking at photos of various types of fences, you can see that modern design gravitates towards minimalism and urban style. Whether it is worth applying this to a wooden fence is the decision of the owner. But, of course, it is worth paying attention to new trends:
- For example, a combination of wood and gabions with pergons. Metal cages 25-30 cm wide filled with stones and pebbles are pergons. Such cages can act as a support for a tree, a foundation, or a full-fledged section of a fence. Gabion - the same metal mesh with stone, but may have the shape of a larger parallelepiped than pergon. Or maybe, in general, be any other form. Figures - gabions can be sections of the fence or perform a decorative (and at the same time protective) function at the gate or gate.
- A modern palisade is not at all colored pencils made of slabs, but a monumental structure made of timber, made in an urban style. The combination of granite and marble with this type of wood creates a feeling of power and strength.
- Perhaps the mixture of wood, metal and bottle glass can be attributed to eclecticism. This fence has a minimum of wood and a maximum of transparency. A vintage door reminds the owner of the time when this material was collected for their fence. The unusual way of combining wood and glass made this fence exclusive.
- If you want to have a solid wooden fence, then you can think about combining wood with stone or brick. A rustic-style fence is naturalness, massiveness, and reliability. American country style is less rough, but no less robust. A solid fence using brick pillars will serve its owners for a long time.
- The combination of metal and wood will make the fence durable. Such a modern fence can only perform a protective function or be a real product.
Wood is such a comfortable material that it can be combined with any material. The main thing is to turn on the fantasy and choose the style of the future fence.
How to do it yourself?
The quality of the fence depends, among other things, on the type of tree. Pine due to the emitted resins is less exposed to climatic influences. And Siberian larch is a hard material that can withstand heavy loads. In addition, from contact with water, it improves its qualities.
Also use oak, aspen, ash, alder, mulberry. It is not recommended to make birch fences: it is short-lived and quickly cracks. There are also original tree species designed for a large pocket or a reliable bank card. To name just a few: abashi, akazhu, bangkirai, kasai, kekatong, merbau, tiger tree.
The next step after choosing the style and type of wood will be the calculation of the material. It is clear that for this need to accurately represent the project according to the drawing. But still, let's try to calculate the number of pickets for a deaf or translucent fence.
For this:
- Measure the length of the future fence. For example, 50 m (5000 cm) when using boards 10 cm wide.
- Calculate the amount of picket fence for a blind fence: 5000 cm / 10 cm = 500 boards.
- Calculation for a translucent fence: the width of the gap between the boards is added to the width of the fence. For example: 10 cm (shtaketin) + 10 cm (gap) = 20 cm. Therefore, for such a fence you will need: 5000 cm / 20 cm = 250 boards.
If the price is indicated in the store per cubic meter, then in this case the thickness of one board is multiplied by the length and width. The result is multiplied by the number of boards. This will be the number of cubic meters.
For example, the thickness of the fence is 2 cm, length - 200 cm, width - 10 cm. It is necessary to convert the dimensions to meters: 0.02x2x0.10 \u003d 0.004. Multiply the result obtained by the number of boards that are needed for the fence: 0.004x500 = 2 cubic meters of picket fence must be purchased for such a fence.
The number of boards in a cubic meter is counted in reverse order. At the same time, in all cases of calculation, it is necessary to provide a margin for an unforeseen event.
For crossbars and pillars, the material must be selected very carefully. If the fence is translucent, then the distance between the posts is 2 m. For a blind fence, a distance of 1.5 m is determined. The digging depth depends on the soil, usually it is 1-1.5 m.
As a rule, the fence has 2 crossbars. Therefore, the length of the fence must be multiplied by 2 plus up to 5 m of stock - this will be the need for crossbars for a picket fence.
All other options for installing a wooden fence are so individual that they need to be calculated independently. Having decided on the total amount of all building material, you need to take care of the tools. Depending on the type of fence, this set will also be different. You will most likely need the following tools:
- saw, hacksaw;
- jigsaw;
- axe;
- shovel;
- roulette;
- hammer;
- level;
- rope, twine;
- earth drill;
- screwdriver;
- electric drill;
In addition, you will need building materials:
- picket fence, boards (it is better to impregnate them with a protective compound before installation);
- transverse bars, crossbars;
- supporting pillars;
- pegs for marking;
- sand, gravel;
- cement;
- galvanized fasteners (nails, self-tapping screws, hinges are also covered with drying oil before installation).
The whole sequence of work will consist of several stages:
- support installation;
- fastening crossbars (if the fence is vertical);
- frame sheathing.
Mounting
There are 2 fundamentally different installation options: with and without foundation installation. The first option is more laborious, but more durable. The fence according to the second option is much faster and easier to do. Let's take a look at it:
- Territory preparation. Since the bottom edge of the boards will touch the ground, the area must be cleared of grass, stones and bumps.
- With the help of pointed wooden pegs 60 cm long, the territory is marked out according to a pre-drawn plan. The distance between the pegs is the distance between the future supports. The pegs are looped with a rope, which is pulled tight enough. At this point, you need to check how smoothly the markup is made.
- The pegs are taken out one at a time, and in their place, wells are drilled for supports with a depth of 50 cm (for a flower bed or a low picket fence) to 1.5 m (for a solid massive fence).
- The supports are driven into the ground. There are several installation methods: clogging, backfilling, concreting. But before using any, you need to take care of a wooden support, namely: treat it with a special compound, wrap it with roofing material, cement it into a metal cylinder. All this will save the post from rotting. Install supports with a plumb bob. Usually, the bottom of the pit is sprinkled with sand and compacted tightly, then a post is installed, covered with gravel and compacted again. The sequence is repeated, with each layer of sand wetted with water.
- A nail is driven into the top of each post, after which all the nails are pulled together with a rope. In this way, the pillars are aligned.
- The veins are nailed to the supports. Mounting height may vary. Most often done as follows: the height of the fence is conventionally divided into 3 parts. The lower crossbar is nailed at a height of 1/3, the top - at a height of 2/3. It is important to choose the right nails: too short will not hold the crossbar, too large a diameter will lead to cracking of the wood.
- Fastening the picket fence in a deaf or translucent way. Top edge alignment. Giving it a decorative design with a saw and a jigsaw.
- Protection of support posts with caps (plastic, metal, wood, glass).
- Impregnation and painting. If the boards were installed without pre-treatment, then they should be impregnated with drying oil or a protective compound. You need to do this in 2 layers.
Then the fence is painted.
Paint should be chosen for outdoor work. Or, to preserve the naturalness of the wood, prefer varnish.
Fastening methods
If conventional fastening methods do not suit you, then you can find more interesting solutions:
- Instead of shtaketin use croaker. Such material will decorate the fence in a rustic antique style. A rounded log, on the contrary, looks very modern.
- You can bend the boards in such a way that you get an Austrian braid - a double-sided fence with minimal gaps.
- You can use planken. This is a kind of larch facade boards, in which all corners are beveled or rounded. Due to this, the boards are not fastened close to each other, but with a micro-distance. This method of fastening the planken does not allow the boards to swell from moisture and deform.
- Building wood siding. To do this, the boards are fixed horizontally, starting from the bottom, overlapping by about 25 mm.
- Creation of horizontal blinds. To do this, notches are made in the supports, into which the boards are inserted at a slight angle. This method will practically close the review, but will significantly save the amount of material. In addition, it is ideal for places with strong winds, as the fence will not be subject to wind loads.
- The fence can be mounted diagonally. The complexity of this method lies in the constant measurement of the angle at the beginning of the installation. But such a fence will look great, especially if its upper edge is left in the form of a palisade. With the diagonal method, the fence can also be deaf or translucent.
- You can use the checkerboard method, which has already been mentioned above. Such a fence can be vertical or horizontal. In this case, the length of the shtaketin can be the same or different (a more complicated option, but also more interesting).
If thin untreated birch branches and trunks are passed very tightly through the crossbars, then such a wattle fence will be cheap, but it will protect no worse.
In addition, there are fastening methods when the boards are fastened between the support posts or hiding the posts. The first case will require more time and accuracy.
If the pillars are brick or stone, then other methods are used. Sectional installation of spans between columns is possible here. This work is done with an assistant. It is more time consuming, but the fence will last for a long time.
In order for a wooden fence to please with its appearance for a long time, you need:
- before installation, impregnate the wood with an antiseptic;
- check the absence of anthills at the site of the future fence;
- install a protective visor not only on the support poles, but also above the spans (if this does not fit into the chosen style, then you can try to secure the fence with a glass or polycarbonate visor);
- get rid of grass along the fence in a timely manner, this will reduce the level of humidity;
- after installation, cover the entire tree with a primer, this is done only in dry weather on dry wood;
- once every 2-3 years to carry out its painting.
It is good to protect the wooden fence from fungus and cracking with Swedish paint or yacht varnish.
Many people water the boards with hot drying oil before installation.
Since the untreated board loses moisture under the action of ultraviolet rays, it is the impregnation that neutralizes this drawback. Many use special UV hardeners, which are sold in hardware stores, as an impregnation. They process the boards several times with a primer so that the impregnation penetrates as deep as possible into the wood. After that, the tree is covered with paint or varnish.
Unlike drying oil and varnish, Swedish paint is a homemade composition of:
- 250 g of copper sulfate;
- 250 g iron minium;
- 250 g of table salt;
- 230 ml of drying oil or linseed oil;
- 570 g rye flour;
- 4.5 liters of water.
According to these proportions, you can prepare any amount of paint, but remember: the paint thickens very quickly, so you need to either cook in small portions or paint in several hands. Mixture consumption: 210-270 ml per square meter.
This recipe will give the wood a golden color. To obtain a different color, red lead is replaced with ocher, hydrogen peroxide or another color component.
Prepare the paint in this way:
- cook a paste from flour and 3 liters of water;
- to remove lumps, the substance is passed through a sieve;
- strained glue is again put on fire, adding salt and vitriol;
- you need to constantly stir the mixture, waiting for the vitriol to completely dissolve;
- while continuing to stir, gradually add drying oil, then water (a liquid composition of a homogeneous consistency should be obtained).
The paint is applied in two layers. Do not forget about fasteners metal elements. They also need to be coated with special solutions from rust. Loose metal parts are reinforced with dowels.
But during operation, the fence may require not only preventive painting, but also repair. If preventive work against rye did not help, then the metal parts are simply changed. If we are talking about wooden elements, then it is necessary to determine the degree of deterioration.
If the pillar-support is loosened, but not rotted, then it is carefully dug up about 20 cm deep and the same width. Aligning the support vertically, the pit is covered with broken bricks and poured with cement. For a few days they put props. The reason for such a game of support is the insufficient depth of the pit during installation and a violation of the installation technology.
If the post is rotten in its lower part, then the entire post or its lower part can be replaced. It's probably easier to replace the entire pole. But if this is not possible, proceed as follows: the pillar is dug out from the side and the rotten part is sawn off. A concrete support is prepared in advance instead of the rotten part. Holes for bolts are drilled in its upper part.
A concrete pile is installed in a pit, galvanized bolts are inserted into the holes. The entire structure is coated with an antiseptic. A wooden pole is put on the bolts, leveled along the slope and fixed with spacers. Crushed stone or broken brick is poured into the pit, and all this is tightly compacted. After a few days, the spacers are removed.
If the pickets have rotted or become unusable, then they need to be replaced. After dismantling, the repair site is treated with an antiseptic and dried, only after that a new board is installed.
The climate of any region of the world will affect wooden fences: somewhere there is too much precipitation, which causes the wood to rot; the hot sun dries it out and causes cracking. Dust storms peel off the paint.
All this warns the owners of wooden fences: only timely care will extend its service life.
Beautiful examples
Above, many examples were given of how, with the help of various types of wooden fence, you can decorate a summer cottage or a country house, a front garden or a flower bed. But there are so many beautiful examples that It is worth paying attention to at least a few more:
- To put up such a wonderful fence, you do not need a lot of money. Only a jigsaw, sandpaper, a carving knife, and the desire of the master to make a real masterpiece out of a simple fence. And even though the fence seems shabby by time, only a true craftsman knows that a fairy tale lives behind it.
- The croaker is a substandard board, and therefore it costs quite a bit. The more valuable such a fence. After sanding and processing, the usual croaker turned not only into a place of rest, but also into a kind of entrance to another interesting and unusual world.
- Such a fence will require painstaking work. A board that, at first glance, does not seem to be edged, is unlikely to be. Careful work with a jigsaw, grinder, coupled with the work of a bricklayer, makes this fence an exclusive, worthy of the highest praise.
- A wooden fence combined with a stone-metal gabion makes you stop not only to consider this unusual sight, but also to think about deep philosophical topics. In our life, everything coexists in a strange way: warm wood with cold metal, soft board with hard stone.
- This fence, like the house on the site, is protected from all misfortunes for a long time: strong stone supports, stone foundation, Swedish paint on a checkerboard. A very caring owner took care not only of his property, but also of his own time. After all, such a fence will not need repair for a long time.
- But if the previous option is very expensive, then this one is very budgetary. Such a fence cannot be fully called wooden, rather, combined. And it is subject to every non-lazy owner. With a large number of inserted branches, you can achieve good protection for your site.
- The article mentioned many different options for wattle, but this one is special. So organically, softly, it looks on the site. At the same time, it perfectly zones the entire territory. Here you can drink tea with the company or hide from everyone and sit in silence. The unusual shape of the spiral makes the desire to get to the center even greater.
- To make such a horizontal non-standard checkerboard, you need to think completely outside the box. Different widths and lengths of boards, gaps where they, it would seem, should not be. Beautiful, unexpected, interesting.
- Even if you look very carefully, it is still difficult for a simple viewer to understand how this fence was made. It is convex, as if woven. The transverse beam seems to let the boards through itself. Moreover, the appearance of the burnt wood makes the fence completely unusual.
- And this combined fence again breaks stereotypes: a rounded habitual top and a completely unusual form of connection of two materials. Certainly beautiful. Also such interesting colors.
- The value of this fence is that it decorates not an elite cottage settlement on Rublyovka, but an ordinary rural street. And if the owners of this non-standard house and the Austrian wickerwork created such beauty in an ordinary village, it means that men on Russian land have not yet died out.
Today, wooden fences are gaining popularity again. Modern analogues from other materials, of course, are no worse, but from time immemorial, mankind has appreciated and still appreciates naturalness. Nothing compares to the naturalness of solid wood. Our site presents several varieties of wooden fences and fences for the house and detailed instructions on how to do it yourself.
The main types of wooden fences
For any owner of a private house, a hand-made fence is a special pride. But before proceeding with its construction, you need to choose the type of construction. Types of wooden fences for private houses and photos for them:
Wattle
Wooden wicker fence. By type, this is the most ancient variety - rods intertwined in a special way and knees driven into the ground. Antique wicker wooden fence (in the photo below you can see in more detail) is very unusual, it’s not difficult to make it with your own hands, but, unfortunately, it has a short service life.
Ranch
Although the name is reminiscent of American films about cowboys, it should be noted that in our country, such structures were erected a long time ago. They fenced gardens, kitchen gardens, in agriculture, animal grazing zones. By design, these are several boards (poles) nailed to a wooden beam.
Palisade
This is also a kind of old fences that you can make yourself. Stakes at the top are sharpened at an angle of 40 degrees. Has an impressive appearance
Lattice
An attractive appearance, such an openwork wooden one is easy to make with your own hands, most often serves as an element of decor for a personal plot or for its zoning. The decorative wooden fence does not differ in special durability. You can make it by crossing directly or diagonally slats or narrow boards.
Fence
The traditional type of fence made of wood is a picket fence. The simplest manufacturing option: boards in a vertical position are attached to the veins, and those, in turn, to wooden poles driven into the ground. This is the most economical and fastest way to fence your site. Apparently that's why it's become so popular. Easy to use, do it yourself quickly and easily, and with proper care, it will last a long time.
Another distinguishing feature of this fence is that it clearly delineates the boundaries without obscuring the site itself.
Separation of wooden fences according to installation technology
Fences made of wood, in the photo above you can see, there are:
- No foundation. In this case, only wooden poles or metal supports are needed.
- On the foundation. The ground part of the foundation base is made simultaneously with a wooden beam.
As for the finish, it can be done using any material, taking into account your preferences: stone, corrugated board, brick. A wooden solid fence with a base always looks respectable, stylish, and thorough. To make it you need to spend a lot of money, there is an option to reduce the cost of the structure - this is to make a wooden fence with your own hands from start to finish.
Stages of installation of wooden fences
Rustic style (Country) has always been and remains to this day at the peak of fashion trends. Wooden fences are its bright element, and the simplicity of lines, even without embellishments, always looks modern and elegant. Doing it yourself is not at all difficult. How to make a wooden fence of a more complex design? First you need to decide on the material of manufacture.
Important ! When choosing a material for a wooden fence, make sure that the solid wood is free from decay and other damage. Treat the wood with an antiseptic. Or buy ready-made material.
Step-by-step instructions for installing a wooden fence
If you have already decided on the material, select the proportions: the shape, the height of the wooden fence. Only after that it will be possible to proceed directly to the construction. How to make a wooden fence with your own hands, see drawings and detailed instructions below.
- The first step is marking the area.
- Next, you need to calculate the number of wooden pillars, fences and veins.
- The earth part of the timber must be treated with tar.
- Then marking is carried out along a pre-stretched cord under the beam (recommended distance is 3 meters).
- Holes pop out. The depth of the holes should be equal to the depth of the soil - this is about 1.5 meters. Holes can be dug with a drill.
- Think over well one nuance: if you are planning to make a high and heavy wooden fence, then in this case, be sure to attach a metal plate to the base of the support. This is necessary for stability and so that under the influence of gravity the fence does not turn out.
- Wooden supports are installed vertically on a sand cushion of 12 cm, after which the hole is covered with small portions of soil with sand. Carefully rammed. To make the structure more durable, the hole can be poured with concrete.
- After installing the supports, you need to calculate and determine the attachment points for the veins of wood from above and below.
- The picket fence is selected according to a pre-selected template, but you can make it even by cutting it along a stretched cord.
To simplify the work, you can purchase a ready-made picket fence with or without drawings.
We offer you to watch a short video with a selection of beautiful wooden fences:
How to make a checkerboard fence with your own hands
The next type: do-it-yourself wooden fences checkerboard in the photo, you can clearly see the difference with the previous one.
Compared to the previous one, a wooden checkerboard looks more decorative. The main feature of the installation is that you can make it in any performance: dense or with gaps.
The pillars are installed in the same way as described above. After installation, you need to attach the beams. It is possible to cut grooves in wooden poles, in metal poles it is necessary to weld the corners on which the beams will be located by welding.
Decide in what position you want to make a checkerboard: horizontal or vertical, set the guides. With a vertical checkerboard, they are made horizontal and, conversely, with a horizontal checkerboard, they are made vertical.
Further, after installing the guides, you can proceed with the installation of the planks. Place them in a checkerboard pattern, as shown in the picture above (one on each side). You can fasten them either with nails or screws.
Very important ! Clearly measure and mark the attachment points, because small irregularities will give gaps, and this will significantly spoil the appearance of your fence.
Do-it-yourself wooden fence ladder
A wooden horizontal ladder fence is also very popular, so let's dwell on it in more detail. Making such a structure with your own hands is as easy as the previous ones. Install the supports, according to a similar (described above) principle.
Next, you need to fix decorative wooden linings on both sides - these will be the guides. As a rule, a channel is used for this purpose, it is easier and easier to insert a board into it at an angle. In this case, it is up to you to decide at what angle you want to make a Christmas tree. The position is also chosen by preference. The direction can be either vertical or horizontal.
Important ! Do not forget to install gasket material between them along with the boards. This is necessary for ventilation and to preserve the material from rot.
Do-it-yourself wooden fence for giving a ladder. The photo shows some models of finished work.
At the end of the work, treat the fence with an antiseptic and paint the structure.
Pledge of longevity of a fence made of solid wood
As a material for the manufacture of wooden fences, you need to choose those types of wood that are characterized by strength: ash, mulberry, acacia, oak, aspen, Siberian larch.
By the way, the last option is a truly eternal material; when exposed to water, it does not deteriorate, but, on the contrary, grows stronger. It is also worth limiting the use of pine species to create wooden blocks. You should not use birch if you do not want to change it often, it has the lowest density among all the others.
Bars for fencing are used from wood, and metal, or as an alternative to wood - overlays. The tree should not be discounted. Today, thanks to modern technology, there are special metal consoles. Therefore, solid wood supports do not have to be dug deep. The consoles are concreted, and then a wooden beam is attached to them.
The most vulnerable areas of wood are those where the cut is built across the grain. To extend the life of wood in fence blocks, lay the boards horizontally or make canopies. Wood is vulnerable if it directly interacts with air:
- At high humidity, it swells and is affected by fungal deposits.
- If the air is too dry, it will dry out and crack.
How to process a wooden fence to reduce the risk of damage and damage? This can be done by impregnation with an antiseptic and painting with special materials: Swedish paint, soak with hot drying oil, yacht varnish.
You can make Swedish paint with your own hands at home. To do this, mix the following ingredients:
- Iron vitriol - 260 grams.
- Minium iron - 260 grams.
- Regular table salt -260 grams.
- Rye flour will need 580 grams.
- Drying oil, you can also use linseed oil - 240 grams.
- Water about 4.5 liters.
The consumption of this mixture will be approximately 200÷300ml/m2. Expected color - golden. If you need a different color, then replace the red lead with ocher or manganese peroxide.
It is quite fair to say that the first thing to do when arranging a personal plot is a fence. Its main functions are obvious - protecting the territory from unauthorized entry and prying eyes. But what, if not a fence, gives the site near a country house an individuality? Therefore, when building a fence, it is important not only to follow the technology, but also to try to make it fit as harmoniously as possible into the environment surrounding your home. After all, in the end, this is what will provide genuine home comfort.
Wooden fence: main advantages
Wood is a classic solution for building a fence. Despite all the advantages of modern materials - corrugated board, chain-link mesh, euro picket fence, etc. - wooden picket fences are still in very high demand. 
The advantages of the tree are obvious:
- ecological cleanliness;
- availability and relatively low cost;
- ease of processing;
- appearance aesthetics.
At the same time, this material also has a number of disadvantages, which mainly relate to its fragility. Therefore, if you decide to build a wooden fence around a country house, you have to properly take care that it lasts as long as possible. And at the same time, it did not lose either its appearance or protective properties.
To do this, even before the start of construction, it is necessary to cover all wooden elements with an antiseptic to protect against mold and decay. In addition, it does not hurt to impregnate them with a flame retardant for fire protection purposes. Well, after completing the installation of a wooden fence, you will need to cover it with paint (preferably waterproof), stain or varnish.
The finish coating will significantly extend the life of your fence and reliably protect it from the sun, dampness, temperature extremes, pests and other negative operating factors.
We build a wooden fence with our own hands: where to start?
The start of any construction is laid in the construction estimate. In your case, it will be extremely simple. After all, if you are going to build a fence yourself, all you need to do is choose the right materials, calculate their quantity and, of course, the cost.
It is noteworthy that if earlier a simple picket fence was meant by a wooden fence, today a much wider choice is available for those who want to build such a fence around their house. First of all, we note that there are two main categories of wooden fences - solid and with clearance.
The most popular among both the first and second are such types of fences as:
Which one to choose is up to you. At the same time, it must be remembered that twice as much material will be used to build a solid fence than for a fence with a gap. On the other hand, the second option will not be able to hide what is happening in your yard from curious neighbors and passers-by. However, fences with a gap demonstrate higher wind resistance at a similar canvas height to solid ones. But in any case, the choice will depend only on your financial capabilities and aesthetic preferences.
Site plan
It is best to start construction with a work plan. Only in this way will you be able to adequately assess its volume, your financial capabilities and the time it will take to build a fence around the site. To do this, it is necessary to measure the perimeter of the latter, as well as determine the location of the gate section and the gate. If you want to build a fence at the cost of small funds, point supports are the most suitable option - in this case, the foundation is not required for the construction of the fence. 
When counting the number of support pillars, it should be remembered that they are installed no further than 3 m from each other. Otherwise, the transverse logs will begin to sag over time, which will lead to a loss of strength of the fence.
Support posts for gates and wickets, as well as corner supports, should be more massive than purlins, since in fact the entire fence structure rests on them. As the first, it is best to choose a metal profiled pipe with a section of 6x6 cm, and the 4x4 cm profile will perfectly cope with the role of the latter.
After taking measurements, it is necessary to draw a construction plan. It will help you visually assess the amount of work and calculate the optimal fence configuration, of course, taking into account all the features of the site being equipped - elevation changes, the presence of obstacles, etc.
Purchase of materials and collection of tools
Suppose that you chose a wooden picket fence 1.5 m high as the main material, the width and thickness of which are 15x2.5 cm. To ensure the wind resistance of the fence and its overall reliability, the installation depth of the support pillars should be equal to a third of the height. In this case, the lower edge of the support should be located 20 cm below the soil freezing line. If on your site the latter does not exceed 80 cm, then the height of the support will be 2.5 m.
In areas with heaving or weak sandy soils, support pillars will have to be butted. On strong soil, it will be possible to get by with a pile or driven installation method. The supports of high and heavy fences installed on normal soils will have to be concreted.
After you have decided on the basic materials, it remains to buy them and deliver them to the construction site. Along the way, you need to remember to purchase everything else that may be required to install the fence - consumables (nails, bolts, drills, emery or grinding wheels, antiseptic and fire retardant, stain, varnish or paint, etc.) and, of course, tools.
To build a wooden fence you will need:
- roulette;
- level;
- hammer;
- axe;
- hacksaw or jigsaw;
- chisel;
- pliers;
- screwdriver;
- kapron cord;
- shovel and crowbar.
You should not delay the process of building a fence - it is better to start it with all the necessary materials. As for the tool, what you don’t have can be borrowed from neighbors or acquaintances already in the process of work.
Construction of wooden fences: an algorithm of actions
The optimal period for arranging the site around a country house is summer, but the fence can be built in spring and autumn - the main thing is that the soil is not frozen and dry. Before starting work, the area along the fence installation line must be carefully cleared and, if possible, leveled.
The construction of the fence is carried out in several stages:
- Site marking.
- Installation of supports.
- Installation of the picket fence on the transverse logs.
- Installation of cross bars on supports.
- Finishing of metal and wooden surfaces.
To mark the future fence, you will need a tape measure, metal or wooden pegs and a nylon cord. Initially, the installation points for the support pillars for the gate and the gate, as well as the corner supports, are indicated. Here, taking into account the external dimensions of the supports, pegs are driven in, which are connected by a nylon cord - it allows you to control the linearity of the fence. 
Installation of support poles
This is the most time-consuming stage of construction. Each support, or rather the quality of its installation, requires the closest attention. After all, the reliability of the entire fence directly depends on this.
Backfilling of support pillars is performed as follows:
- With the help of a crowbar and a shovel, holes of the required depth are dug, the diameter of which should be approximately three times the diagonal section of the supports.
- At the bottom of the pit, approximately 5 cm in height, sand is poured, which is poured with water and carefully compacted.
- A pole is installed at the bottom of the pit and a mixture of crushed stone and sand is poured on 20-30 cm, which must be properly compacted.
- During the installation of each of the supports, it is necessary to carefully monitor the observance of the correct level.
- If sand makes up a significant part of the soil or it is heaving, partial concreting must be performed. To do this, pour 2-10 cm of sand into the pit, compact it and cover it with concrete to a depth of approximately -10 cm from the soil line. The remaining hole is covered with a mixture of crushed stone and sand and carefully rammed.
- On strong soils, backfilling is carried out up to the soil line. If desired, you can concrete the top 10 cm of the pit.
Fence fabric assembly
To create sections of the fence, you should prepare transverse logs and a picket fence. The first are performed individually along the length of the span. In the case of a fence with a height of 1.5 m, there will be 2 crossbars on each of the sections (with a significant height, 3 or more transverse logs are installed to ensure the stability of the fence structure). Logs should be placed symmetrically with respect to the middle of the fence canvas but not more than 20-30 cm from the top and bottom of the picket fence.
If the crossbars are wooden, it remains to lay the boards and strengthen them with nails or self-tapping screws. The picket fence is attached to the profile pipe with bolts - for this, through holes should be drilled in the logs. You can also install boards on the crossbars after attaching the latter to the supports - it's up to you to decide how it will be more convenient.
Wooden crossbars are mounted by means of bolted connections, but for this, special ears must be welded to the metal support pillars at the desired height. Logs from a profile pipe are installed by welding.
After mounting the fence to the crossbars, the section is mounted on supports - and so on to the bitter end. The last thing to do is to cover the wooden elements of the fence with varnish, stain or paint, and the metal ones - primed and painted.
Construction of a wooden fence in stages, video
Since ancient times, fences have been built in Russia. They were mostly wooden. With the advent of new technologies, materials such as metal, reinforced concrete, polycarbonate, corrugated board, brick are increasingly replacing the aesthetic, but not so durable wooden fence from our lives. Those who prefer eco-friendly materials, create a rustic-style design on their site or already have a wooden house, choose a wooden fence. In addition, if you study the issue in detail, you will see how diverse wood fences differ. They can be one of the most impressive elements in your yard design.
Types of wooden fences
By a wooden fence, we often mean an ordinary picket fence, which we have long been accustomed to and which was quite common in Soviet times. Over time, the situation has changed dramatically and now wooden fences are a Christmas tree, and a cross, and chess, and a lattice. And an ordinary wooden picket fence looks great, equipped with brick posts.
Classic wooden fence
Pipes are installed along the perimeter of the site, which are concreted into the ground. Veins or girders are fastened between the pillars, made of timber with dimensions of 50x100 mm or so. Fence boards are nailed perpendicular to the veins either butt-to-butt, or at a short distance from each other.
Wooden fence ladder or herringbone
Similarly to the classic fence, pillars are concreted into the ground. Decorative wooden linings are attached to their inner and outer sides. They will become guides for the rest of the boards. Boards measuring 25X100mm are laid in the grooves between the overlays - horizontally overlapping. If you use calibrated pads, you can create a blown fence. And additional thin vertical metal stakes allow you to create another kind of such a fence.
The fence columns are covered with wooden decorative covers.
Fence "Cross"
It is possible to combine a wooden fence with reinforced concrete by constructing a Cross fence. The same 60X80 mm columns are installed in concrete-filled holes in the ground. The pillars are equipped with grooves, in which decorative reinforced concrete slabs are first installed (their approximate size is 300x300x550), and then wooden bars. Both the columns and the fence canvas are covered with decorative covers that prevent moisture from entering the structure.
Fence in a checkerboard pattern with clearance
Veins are laid between the pillars. Boards are attached to them in a checkerboard pattern - first on one side, then on the other. If you look from the side, then the fence is not “deaf”, but with gaps.
Fence "Lattice"
The base and bearing elements for this type of fence are similar - pillars. Between them, ready-made lattice sections knocked down from rails are installed. Reiki can be placed both parallel and perpendicular to the posts, and diagonally. Such a fence is enlightened, lets the sun through, does not close the space. Its function is more decorative.
Fence "Ranch"
This is a barrier when 2-4 wide boards are mounted horizontally on heavy wooden poles with small gaps. If you take well-crafted thin boards and a little more of them, you can build a beautiful fence for a wooden house.
Fence "Palisade"
Processed, smooth, not too large in diameter logs are installed vertically to each other.
If you install the pillars and the entire structure on the foundation, then this will save the lower part from interacting with the ground and moisture, and, therefore, will significantly extend the life of the fence. Fence supports can be metal pipes concreted into the ground, stone or brick poles, prefabricated reinforced concrete poles or wooden logs.
Materials for the construction of the fence
The cost of a wooden fence depends on its type and what material will be chosen: a board, picket fence, beams, logs (for a palisade). Also from the materials you will need: crossbars (wooden or metal), support pillars, formwork reinforcement, cement, sand, brick and stones for erecting pillars, nails and screws, fire retardant and antiseptic impregnation for wooden surfaces, bitumen or creosote for processing installed in the support or strip foundation of wooden poles.
Instruments
To build a fence, stock up on the following tools:
- drill or shovel
- roulette
- stakes
- level
- screwdriver
- hammer
- jigsaw
- brush
- sandpaper
How to make a wooden fence?
Before you make a wooden fence with your own hands, you need to decide on its design and how much capital construction is planned. For a fence with a foundation, the sequence of actions will be as follows:
- markup;
- foundation construction;
- installation of poles;
- fixing wooden elements;
- processing of wooden surfaces.
markup
The marking for the future fence is carried out using a tape measure and a rope. We determine the place for the placement of the gate and gate. In the corners of the site we install in poles. Between them we stretch the laces so as not to deviate from the given line when determining the places for the location of the pillars.
Foundation
The most time-consuming in the process of building a wooden fence with your own hands is pouring a strip foundation. Under a light wooden fence, the foundation is not particularly deepened. To do this, they dig a trench (depth up to 1 meter, width - 30-80 cm), deep into which a sand cushion is poured. Next, the reinforcement is knitted, the formwork is created, the pillars are set according to the level and the foundation is poured. It can be either at zero level or higher - 30-50 cm above ground level. After it hardens (after 2-3 days), proceed to further work.
Pole installation
The more often the poles stand, the stronger the fence will be. Pillars are installed in the process of pouring concrete into the foundation. The distance between them is about 2 m. The fewer pillars, the more crossbars should be. If the foundation is not planned, then in the places determined for the placement of pillars, holes are dug 1-1.5 m deep, sand (20 cm) is poured into them and water is plentifully watered. Next, with the help of a level, pillars are installed in them and the recesses are poured with concrete.
Standard fence foundation
Foundation with stones
If the post is wooden, then its lower edge is treated with bitumen or creosote to protect the wood from moisture and decay.
If brick racks are planned instead of pillars, then a place must be provided for them. After all, they will occupy square areas with a side of 1.5 bricks. To decorate the rack at the very bottom and at the top, the masonry is expanded by a quarter of a brick. In the process of laying, crossbars are mounted in racks. In this case, it is important to use a level to check whether the rack is level.
Fence installation
Next comes the installation of a wooden fence. Reiki, boards are attached either to the crossbars, or installed in the grooves - depending on the type of fence chosen. An easier option is to install sections. If the pillars are wooden, then grooves are made in them for laying the crossbars; if the pillars are metal, then fasteners (corner) are welded to them, to which they will then be attached to the legs.
How to extend the life of the fence?
In order for a wooden fence to last for a long time, wooden elements must be coated with antiseptic solutions and flame retardants, and only then - with paint (oil and water-soluble ones are used), stain, varnish. Impregnation is applied even before the installation of the fence. Fire-retardant impregnations will prevent fire, and antiseptics will protect the wood from the settlement of microorganisms in it and subsequent decay. They extend the life of the fence up to 30 years, protect the wood from the sun and dampness, preserve the natural texture and beautiful appearance.
Fasteners fit galvanized. Before hammering a nail, it is dipped in drying oil.
In the future, periodically, at least 1 time in 2-3 years, the wooden fence must be treated with protective impregnations.
Original wooden fences with their own hands - photo:
A metal picket fence is an original, reliable and durable fence. The metal fence has a more spectacular design. European picket fences are an excellent choice at an affordable price.