Heizen, 3/4 ″, brass.
A safety group for heating is an element of the heating system that ensures its safe operation (protection against excessive pressure), as well as automatic air removal.
Design
The safety group includes a brass nickel-plated (bronze, cast iron or galvanized steel) housing, on which devices are installed that ensure the stable functioning and safety of the heating system:
- ... It is one of the main elements of the security group, because it is he who, in the event of an emergency, will not allow the pressure in the system to exceed the set value and damage individual elements of the heating system. As a rule, for heating systems in private houses, the threshold for the relief valve is 3 atmospheres;
- Automatic air vent. Allows in automatic mode, without human intervention, to remove air from the heating system. All that needs to be done to start the operation of the air vent is to unscrew the locking cap a few turns. As a rule, manufacturers supply air vents with screwed caps to prevent dirt from entering the device. Automatic air vents are sensitive to contamination, including the cleanliness of the coolant. If the system is not equipped with devices for cleaning the coolant, the air outlet can often be clogged with various contaminants (rust, sand, scale, scale, etc.);
- Pressure gauge. Shows the pressure in the heating system.
Note! As thermal insulation for the enclosure of the safety group, the packaging of the group itself is often used, made of polystyrene or expanded polyurethane / polypropylene.
Some manufacturers equip the air vent and pressure gauge with special shut-off devices that allow you to quickly remove the devices without draining the coolant from the system. When unscrewing the air vent or pressure gauge, the shut-off device automatically shuts off the flow of the coolant.
There are safety groups for the expansion tank, which differ from the fact that they have a special housing designed for wall mounting of the expansion tank. In addition, they are equipped with fittings that allow you to remove the tank for repair or replacement without draining the coolant from the heating system (for this purpose, ordinary ball valves are also often used).
Installation of the safety group
The safety group must be installed at the boiler outlet or. At the same time, it is forbidden to install any shut-off valves or on the section of the pipeline between the boiler and the safety group (because otherwise, when the shut-off valve is closed or the filter is clogged, the boiler will remain unprotected, which can lead to dire consequences). In addition, the installation of a tap / filter will result in a narrowing of the cross-section.
Important! Over time, the plastic spool of the relief valve may become stuck. To prevent this, the valve should be opened from time to time by turning the handle until it clicks. The frequency of such checks is indicated by the manufacturers in the instructions (as a rule, it is once every 1-12 months).
The device is connected to the pipeline in such a way that the air venting device and the relief valve are located strictly vertically. In this case, the pipeline on which the safety block for the heating system is installed must be higher than the boiler.
If a drain pipe is connected to the safety valve, the connection must be made with an interruption in the flow. When the valve is triggered, this will allow you to visually observe the discharge of the coolant.
Heizen, 3/4 ″, brass.
In addition, the length of the drainage pipe should not exceed 2 m and have no more than 2 bends, and its diameter should be the same as the diameter at the outlet of the safety valve. If the conditions on the site do not allow this, then the diameter of the drain pipe should be one size larger than the outlet of the safety valve, but even in this case, the pipe should not have more than 3 bends, and be more than 4 m long.
Video
Safety group for heating: how it works and how to install it
5 (100%) votes: 2Security group for heating - this is a special set of special elements that are used to provide integral protection of the heating system. It protects against accidents in the event of a strong increase in pressure or air exiting the system.
Safety group for heating system
What does it consist of?
The heating system safety group consists of fuses. The equipment includes the following components:
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- safety valve;
- pressure gauge;
- consoles installed on one base;
- air vent.
The valve, consoles made on a single stand, the body of the air exhaust device, the pressure gauge nipple for connection are made using hot forging, and subsequently subjected to turning. These elements are made of brass.
At the same time, the safety valve cover is made of durable nylon, which must be resistant to high temperatures. The pressure measuring device is made of ABS-type plastic, and its scale, made of light and strong aluminum alloy, is protected by acrylic glass.
It is worth mentioning how the security group works in the heating system.
The constituents security groups
The assignment of a security group can be summarized in three steps. Let's consider them in detail.
A pressure gauge is necessary in order to be able to easily determine the pressure of the liquid in the boiler tank and in the entire system. It is also useful when filling the pipeline network and regulating the pressure in a closed heating system.
The air vent has a service purpose. Inside it has a chamber with a float that is mechanically connected to the valve. The valve opens if there is no water. The function of the device is to remove air during operation, as well as when filling the radiator and system with liquid. The secondary function of the air vent is to release the first vapors that form in the boiler tank when excessive heating occurs.
The safety valve is an emergency device that releases water and vapors if the specified pressure threshold rises above the norm.
Thus, the purpose of the safety group is to regulate and prevent emergency situations that may be associated with boiling of the coolant in the water jacket of the heat generator. The principle of operation is as follows: initially the pressure gauge reacts to an increase in pressure, then the steam that appears leaves through air vent, and then water (or a mixture of steam and water) is dumped from the system by a safety valve.
The safety group with an expansion tank performs an important function in the heating system, in the absence of which the boiler shell would inevitably explode.
And so, if nothing is done, the relief valve will drain the liquid until the pressure enters the permitted range. In many boiler systems, the upper pressure threshold is 3 bar. There are models with a maximum working pressure of 1.6-2 bar.
Do you always need to install a security group?
A heating system safety group is not always needed, however, if you want to be on the safe side, you can install it. For example, devices that operate from the combustion of natural gas or diesel fuel, from the consumption of electrical energy, do not require additional protection. Such units already have a high level of safety and can immediately stop and turn off the heating when the temperature or pressure rises.
The installation of a safety group in a closed-type boiler system, powered by gas or from a power supply, is often done simply for convenient maintenance and comfortable control.
Installation diagram of a safety group for a heating system with an expansion tank
At the same time, heat sources in the form of a solid fuel boiler have great inertia, therefore they cannot stop right away. Even pellet boilers with an automated system need a little time to burn fuel that has got into the combustion zone. And what happens to a furnace full of burning wood?
The thermostat will instantly cut off the air when the temperature in the jacket rises, but the process will only end with time. The wood will not stop burning, but will smolder, as a result of which the temperature of the liquid will rise by another couple of degrees. Only a security group will help to exclude boiling and subsequent explosion. Therefore, in a solid fuel boiler, it is a prerequisite.
Almost all manufacturing companies include security group in the standard set of equipment for a solid fuel boiler.
Installation and connection of the safety group to the heating system
Then, when the solid fuel boiler is not equipped with a group, it can be purchased separately or assembled by hand. It will only be important to choose the right devices for your boiler.
The technical characteristics of the automatic air vent do not really matter, but here are the parameters pressure gauge and an emergency valve are purchased according to the value of the maximum working pressure, which is prescribed in the technical passport of the unit.
Layout of the safety group when tying a solid fuel boiler
Installation of the security group in the heating system is not difficult to carry out. You can do this yourself using the usual set of tools and two options:
- The first method is to install it on the originally installed connection that comes out of the heating boiler.
- The second method is a tie-in into the supply pipeline at the outlet of the unit.
Now about how to properly install a security group for heating.
When installing the device, it is important to remember that in the area in the middle of the boiler outlet and in a group, you should not install various fittings. Also, you cannot connect other devices using a tee. The shorter the length of this section, the better. The best option is to install devices near the unit itself.
In the case of fixing the group on the supply line, it is worth choosing such a section so that the pressure gauge readings can be clearly seen from the entrance to the boiler. It so happens that for this it is necessary to install the safety group on a pipe section in a vertical position. Or a special bracket that is attached to the wall. A hose (preferably colorless) must be connected to the outlet of the safety valve and lowered into the sewer or a plastic canister. The advantage of the first method is that by the level of the liquid in the tank, it will always be possible to track the critical operation of the boiler at a time when you were not at home.
The heating safety group is an important part of the entire heating system. It must be installed in a solid fuel boiler without fail, however, in other units (from the mains, gas), the group will become an additional source of protection. The security team is not expensive, but at the same time it will be able to provide good conditions for operation and create additional protection.
In most cases, the boiler safety group is not installed correctly, which leads to the removal of the boiler from the warranty.
First, let's explain what a security group is, what it is for and what it consists of. The safety group consists of a pressure gauge, an air vent and a safety valve. Now let's explain the purpose of each element of the group:
- Pressure gauge - shows the pressure in the heating system
- Air vent - prevents airing of the heating system
- Safety valve - protects the heating system from overpressure
From all of the above, it follows that the security group protects the heating system from overpressure and over-airing.
During the installation of a closed heating system, it is necessary to make sure that in the event of a failure of any element, it can be replaced without any particular difficulties, or repair work can be carried out without draining the entire system and without performing laborious procedures. Therefore, for these purposes, ball valves (cut-off) are installed. Let's say you have a radiator drip. We simply shut off the two shut-off taps that are installed in front of it and after it, and remove the radiator, while the whole system continues to function, which is important when the outside temperature is below zero degrees. Therefore, if there were no taps and bypass data (in this case, the bypass would be a branch from the main line to the radiator), then the entire system would have to be drained, and this would take a lot of time and labor. And most importantly, during the repair work, the heating system will not work, and this is fraught. Therefore, shut-off valves are installed on any heating element in order to avoid these difficulties. That is, if we install a radiator, we install shut-off valves; we put a circulation pump - we put shut-off valves; we put a membrane tank - we put shut-off valves, and so on.
It is set to serve. Due to ignorance or illiteracy, many, when installing a security group, put a shut-off valve between the boiler and the security group (Fig. 1),
or directly to the security group (Fig. 2),
arguing that in the event of a boiler failure, it will be possible to replace it or carry out repair work. In both cases, the installation was not performed correctly and, in the event of a boiler failure, the service centers will refuse you warranty repairs, arguing that the boiler is not installed correctly: such an arrangement of the valve makes it possible for the system to overheat and the boiler failure in case of overlap shut-off valve by workers, third parties or children.
Correct installation of the security group
The boiler safety group must be installed so that the shut-off valve is behind it (Fig. 3)
This arrangement is absolutely correct and indicates that the installation was carried out by qualified specialists. In this case, no one can deny you warranty repairs.
Video
The operation of the heating system is a balanced process, which must be monitored automatically. In addition to maintaining the optimal temperature of the water in the pipes, safety measures should be taken in case of emergency situations. First of all, this is a sharp jump in pressure in the line. For this, a safety group is installed in the heating circuit.
During the operation of the heating boiler, the coolant is exposed to temperature effects. This leads to its expansion and increase in pressure in the pipes. There are optimal parameters that should be considered when designing a heating system:
- Temperature - from 65 ° С to 95 ° С.
- Pressure - up to 3 atm.
To a large extent, these parameters depend on their physical characteristics.
In open heating systems, compensation takes place by means of an expansion tank. But if the system is of a closed type, then one cannot do without observing security measures.
Most gas boilers and some solid fuel models are equipped with a pressure and temperature control system. But there is always the possibility of its failure. It is for such unforeseen situations that the installation of a security group is necessary.
Structurally, it consists of the following elements:
Pressure gauge
Indicates the current pressure in the system. In addition, for visual control, the device provides additional scales for maximum and minimum pressure indicators.
Air vent
With a sharp increase in water temperature, steam is released in the system. For quick stabilization, it is necessary to quickly remove the excess air, which is what the air vent does. Additional functions are protection of heating elements from rapid corrosion, reduction of the noise level during the operation of the system.
Safety valve
Heating of the coolant is also accompanied by its expansion. The excess is removed by means of a safety valve, which is triggered when a certain pressure is reached. Usually it is adjusted to a maximum value of 2.5-3 atm.
This is the basic configuration of the security group. In addition to the above elements, it may include additional temperature sensors.
Mounting
The correct functioning of the security team depends largely on the professional attitude. During the design of heating, they always provide for the installation of shut-off valves, which cut off the flow of the coolant during repair work, or the replacement of individual elements. At the same time, they often make the mistake of mounting a ball valve in front of a security system.
This is a gross violation of the installation rules, since when overlapped, the security system will not be able to perform its functions. It is best to consider this situation with a specific example.
Suppose there was a pipe breakdown - a leakage caused by water leakage. It is not possible to quickly extinguish a solid fuel boiler. It will generate heat for some time. If the shut-off valves are installed according to the above scheme, then its overlap cuts off the safety group from the boiler operation system. At this time, the coolant heats up, the pressure rises, but the mechanism for its stabilization remains out of operation. And for obvious reasons, either a breakdown of the heating equipment occurs, or a rupture of the pipeline.
To avoid this situation, the installation should be carried out according to the following diagram:
Guided by this installation principle, you can safely carry out any repair and maintenance work without worrying about the safety of the mains and the heater. After installation, the device is activated by opening the cap on the automatic air vent. In no case should you remove it completely. Also, a visual inspection of the valve is carried out at least once a month. If it does not work for a long time, then a layer of dirt appears between the seat and the device plate. In the future, this can lead to leaks. To flush it without dismantling, it is enough to turn the structure according to the arrow indicated on it.
Price
The cost of security groups is largely determined by the manufacturer, device parameters and additional functions. The main criterion is the power of the heater. Based on this, a choice of one or another model is made.
Another important device is, in another way, called the "safety unit".
What does the heating safety group consist of?
The safety group for the heating system consists of a housing on which three instruments are installed: a pressure gauge, a safety valve and an automatic air vent:
Safety group for heating: from left to right - safety valve, automatic air vent, pressure gauge
Let's consider these devices separately.
Safety valve
The purpose of the safety valve is to protect the heating system from too much pressure.
The safety valve is designed for a certain pressure and when this pressure is exceeded, it works, that is, it releases the excess.
In fact, an expansion tank is responsible for compensating for excess pressure in the heating system: water expands when heated - its excess is displaced into the expansion tank, which keeps the pressure in the system constant, and the system is intact. In this case, the total amount of coolant in the entire heating system remains the same.
But it happens that the expansion tank did not work for some reason. For such a nuisance, a safety valve is installed through which excess water is discharged from the system. So that the water does not flow out to the floor, we attach the tube to the thread on the side and bring this tube into the sewer.
Conclusion: sewage in the boiler room is very desirable.
Where to install the security group?
If the boiler is wall-mounted, then the manufacturers did their best for us: there is already a safety block inside or on the back wall of the boiler.
But for a floor-standing boiler, you need to buy a security group separately and embed it into the system with your own hands. Where? On the supply pipe, as close as possible to the boiler, but not further than 1 ... 1.5 m from the boiler.
The pressure gauge should be located so that its readings are visible without tension, at any visit to the boiler room. The coolant flowing out through the safety valve should also be easily noticeable, because you must be aware of such a phenomenon!
Important! NO valves are placed between the boiler and the safety group!
What are the heating safety groups?
Security blocks come in different configurations, for example, the following:
Safety group for heating
Or prisoners in one building:
Security group, enclosed in one building
Well, many different others can be found on sale, but appearance is not important, since all safety units work in the same way, but you need to choose, as mentioned above, according to the pressure for which the safety valve and pressure gauge are designed.
How to make a security group with your own hands?
Can you make a safety block yourself? Yes. Buy separately a pressure gauge, a safety valve and an air vent and connect them to each other using tees, adapters, squeegees, etc.
The body for the safety group can even be soldered from scraps of polypropylene pipes and fittings, which will cost much less than a factory product, which contains a lot of brass.
You just need to understand that a safety group made of polypropylene can only be installed in low-temperature heating systems (underfloor heating, not radiators!). Why? If the coolant for some reason heats up above 95 degrees, then the polypropylene will collapse with all the ensuing (not only consequences, but also boiling water!)
This will make your life calm during the heating season.
safety group for heating, safety block