It is possible to get charcoal with your own hands less timeably than through the digging of the pit. In my case, a barrel is used for 200 liters and a vacuum cleaner, which has a positive effect on the result.
I started making charcoal because of the current situation, when the coal, and even more coke in our area it was possible to dream. But this did not cancel the fact that for forging it was necessary to search for something.
Therefore, I decided to go for two directions of searches that could lead to fuel alternative stone coal. I tried to work with household gas (gas mining), and tried to get my charcoal, since his purchase would cost me a lot of money. It helped the fact that I had fruit trees in sufficient quantities. My neighbors in the country began to actively build cottages, for this they freed the construction sites, cutting down and emerging dozens of trees, and happily giving them to me. However, after studying the question on the corner, it became known that for firewood facing the firewood, they do not like - need wood, well dried. Therefore, as a test, I began to burn trimming of the dried linden boards - on the occasion, I had plenty of them.
How to get charcoal at home
As for the barrel - it is desirable to take a barrel with thick walls by 200 liters. At the bottom, near the bottom, cut the fitting. In my case, I got a barrel from a neighbor - a sagon was already screwed in it, as it was used for the summer soul. Through the fitting, I made a forced blowing air to the barrel.
Here I took advantage of the old vacuum cleaner of Soviet production.
Accession to the barrel with a metal pipe.
As for productivity and consumption of firewood: I use 3 barrels, the first serves to burn coal, two other barrels - for ready-made chopped churochoks (when they fill the barrel, then it is shocked). So I get a relative rate of firewood per batch of coal.
At the bottom of the barrel, I ruin a small bonfire, and as long as it flared up, I repent of firewood.
The burning should be controlled all the time. Over time, you will see when the moment comes where the firewood threw out quite well, but did not boost to ash - then it is necessary to report the next portion of firewood. To maintain the desired subdivination should always turn on and off the vacuum cleaner. To see the barrel, perhaps, it is necessary to put it on the ground, because of the strong heat and smoke nothing is particularly visible. I made a stack of rubber stack for tracks.
To close the barrel, the easiest way to take the native upper cover - but I did not have such a thing, so I adjusted the leaf twice. To smell all the holes through which the air can penetrate the barrel, I used the land divorced with water to the density of the solution. Also at the bottom I sat down the ground fitting.
At the final stage, the sprinkles of firewood always have a risk that the lower coal layers can be checked into the ash, so I do not give firewood of the upper layer to flare up as it should. Because of this, firewood is in some quantities "marriage" - for the next party.
I do not open the barrel until it cooled over the entire surface. If there are some bare places, it means somewhere else burns. Usually, when I tightly close the barrel in the evening, then it will be cold on the morning, and therefore ready.
It is still convenient to get coal in the barrel because it is convenient to unload it. To do this, you just need to flip barrel. After receiving the next batch of coal in the barrel, there are many ashes and small coal fractions. Before pouring coal into bags, I sift all the coal obtained.
Most often, charcoal buy, it is sold not only in specialized stores, but also at gas stations, as well as in supermarkets. But if you have a sufficient amount of our own firewood in the garden and there are some space near the fireplace, then virtually zero costs can get charcoal yourself, it will not be a time-consuming event, and also does not take much time.
Organization of charcoal production at home
First you need to find some old bucket, barrel or greater tin tank. We still need a piece of sheet metal, which we will cover the container. It will be useful if the selected, acquired container has some "ears" or handles, thanks to which the capacity can be easily manipulated, moving and turning over. With the help of a drill on the bottom and on the sides (about 15-20 centimeters from the bottom of the barrel) of the container you need to make several holes. Not far from the fireplace location, they dig a small yam equal to the diameter of the selected container, pull the depth to the side of the side openings.
Tin capacitance Fill out with an unnecessary tree and put on a fireplace with a lattice if it is not, then you can use, for example, a pair of bricks or flat stones. Next, we light the wooden waste contained in the container. We wait for the end of burning, the firewood will begin to darken slowly, but not yet turns into coal. We dress on the hands of the gloves so as not to burn, with the help of the "ears" or carrying handles, we move the container into the prepared hole, cover the barrel to the lid so that the smoke remains inside and maintained there the temperature, and also did not disturb us. We leave for a few hours, and better at night (before the cooling of the barrel). In the morning in the container will be ready and high-quality charcoal. He does not differ from the one that we buy in the store.
The entire process of production of charcoal (without the preparation of the container and place) takes about six, eight hours in absolutely unpretentious conditions, without special equipment. Production procedure can be modified differently. For example, immediately put the container in the dug hole with a small, solid grid, after just around the barrel to sketch soil to limit air access, then the bottom fire is running.
Wood coal production at home as a rule requires the use of lumber trees lumber. Production yield depends on several factors, in particular, from the container capacity, as well as our desire and hard work. For one process from the barrel of standard sizes, you can get about five kilograms of coal!
Charcoal - biofuels suitable for ignition grills, furnaces, mangals and other cooking facilities, as well as home fireplaces. It will require certain knowledge and equipment. Having mastered the technology, how to make charcoal with your own hands, in a short time without large financial investments, get excellent raw materials for domestic use.
To compare charcoal, for example, with peat or firewood, it has undeniable advantages:
- best heat transfer;
- lack of smoke and harmful emissions into the air;
- low cost;
- small amount of ash after full fuel exercise;
- lack of foreign impurities (sulfur, phosphorus, etc.);
- ability for a long time to maintain high temperature.
Charcoal is obtained by combustion, and the raw materials are directly wood. It in the airless medium is heated to high temperatures. The finished product is packaged and comes on sale in stores, markets, wholesale bases, etc.
Due to the large number of positive qualities, charcoal more and more other types of fuel. For its production, large quantities are used in large quantities, in which wood is burned without access to oxygen at high temperature. The absence of air allows to preserve the integrity of wood fibers.
Wood coal manufacturing technology at home
If you do not need a whole trailer of charcoal, the purchase of large parties will not be rational. A small amount of fuel for a mangala or furnace can be made independently, having a small supply of knowledge and necessary materials.
Selection of raw materials
From what kind of wood to choose to obtain coal will depend on its quality. It is better to give preference to log without bark. Thus, in the process of exercise, there will not be a lot of smoke.
As saving, it is better to use that wood that is available or which it is easier to get. The class of coal quality is determined by the tree of wood and marked accordingly:
- "A" - trees of solid rocks, such as oak, elm, birch;
- "B" - a mixture of coniferous trees with solid rocks;
- "B" - soft breeds, alder, fir, poplar, etc.
The most common and affordable type of wood - birch. It turns out excellent coals having high heat transfer and even heat.
Obtaining charcoal by living wood in the pit
For the manufacture of charcoal, you need to prepare raw materials and its place of bookmark. Purified from the bark of the log is cut. The smaller the size of the logs, the better the coal then it turns out. It is better that the dimensions of each workpiece do not exceed 25 cm.
Next, a cylindrical pit with dimensions 60 cm deep into and 70 cm in diameter is turned out. This volume is enough to get about two bag of fuel. Poam walls must be exactly vertical. The bottom is thoroughly compacted by legs or any priest adaptations. It is necessary in order to subsequently the earth does not mix with coal.
When the pit is prepared, it needs a bonfire. For this, the bridge is suitable or dry bark. Cannot be used to ignite chemicals. The main task so that the bottom is completely covered with branches, therefore it is constantly needed to add new, as previously extended.
Wood is laid out in a well-worried fire. Length is put as close as possible to each other. When the first layer is prohibiting, new logs are put on top to it and so until the pit is filled with home.
The time when the lamps turn into coal depends on the density of the wood. Their hard rocks will get better coal, about the time for their burning will leave more. From time to time you need to rapate the ragged soles or long sticks.
After 3-4 hours, the pit from the logs should completely ruin. The finished fuel before packaging is left to a complete cooling. For this, the coal is thrown by fresh grass, the land is thrown on top and everything is well tamped.
It will take about 2 days to cool fuel. After that, it is filled, sieved and folded into bags. Charcoal is completely ready for further use.
Just as for burning coal in the pit, it is originally necessary to prepare wood. The logs are cleaned and cut. You also need to prepare a barrel of thick metal. The volume is selected individually, according to the principle, which is, or how much coal is planned to prepare. There are two ways to manufacture charcoal with your own hands in barrel.
- On the bottom of the tank, the heat-resistant bricks are styled up. There is a fire between them with the use of paper, chips, twigs, etc. From above, the prepared logs are laid out until the coals close the surface of the bricks. A metal lattice is placed on the burned wood, and on it the next part of the flight. There should be big gaps between the logs and their layers. As soon as the barrel is filled with the top, and the flame will appear on the surface, it is closed with a metal sheet or lid. The color of the emerging smoke determine the readiness of the coal. If he is a gray color, then the barrel is tightly closed and leave the fuel to cool. After coal get and enjoy at their discretion.
- Prepare the platform for which the barrel will be installed. To do this, the bricks are stacked by a non-combustible material, for example, steel. There is a fire between bricks. From above, a barrel filled with firewood is installed. Capacity is not completely closed. The gaps are needed to exit gases during the oxidation of wood. When the gas output process stops, the barrel is left for some time on the bore, then removed, and the gas-lodges are closed tightly. In such a form, coal is left before cooling, then checked for readiness and quality.
The process of manufacturing charcoal at home is quite laborious, but the result is excellent biofuels without harmful impurities.
Wood coal
Home use of charcoal is far from the only sphere of its application. Scorched wood can be applied in industry for the following purposes:
- for "filling" filters;
- for saturation steel carbon, obtaining pure alloys;
- for the production of glass, plastics, etc.;
- in pharmaceutical for the manufacture of activated carbon;
- to create natural food dyes;
- for use in agricultural needs.
Considerable carbon concentration makes charcoal with a strong reducing agent. Such properties allowed it to apply it in metallurgy, chemical, paint and electrical industries.
In this article, we consider in detail how to get charcoal at home. This will allow you to significantly save on the purchase of finished smoke-free fuel.
How to make charcoal at home
Main advantages
Charcoal is obtained by pyrolysis, the raw material for the cat is the wood. In the process of pyrolysis, wood in an oxygen-free medium is heated to high temperatures. The finished product is supplied to the enterprises and on the store shelves for mass consumption. It is sold packaged and is used in everyday life to replace firewood when cooking on a grill or as fuel for biocamine.
We buy finished charcoal in the store The benefits of the product are:
- the absence in its composition of harmful substances (sulfur, phosphorus);
- almost a complete absence of emissions into the atmosphere: that is why it is possible to use fuel in decorative fireplaces without chimney;
- full combustion: a large amount of ash is not formed;
- high caller;
- renewability: vegetable raw materials restored in nature.
Scope of application
Charcoal is used in industry for the following purposes:
- for use in filters;
- for melting crystalline silicon;
- for use in metallurgy (saturation of steel carbon, obtaining clean alloys);
- for glass production, some species of plastics, paints;
- for the manufacture of natural dye for the food industry;
- for the manufacture of activated carbon;
- for use in agriculture;
- for use as convenient household fuel for furnaces, fireplaces, mangals.
When burning in the furnaces and fireplaces, this type of fuel combines almost without flame languages, providing even and intense heat. The most highly appreciated the product of the brand A, which is made of solid wood.
Important! If charcoal is used in the room (for heating or cooking), it is recommended to dry it without the use of chemicals for extras. This will avoid the appearance of unpleasant odor and the fall in food of harmful substances. Roach coal in this case is carried out using paper and dry rays.
Production technology
Wide use of wood coal in industry requires its workpiece in large volumes. Raw materials for this are large waste of woodworking production. That is why the furnace for filling coal is installed on the territory of woodworking enterprises or in close proximity to them.
Organization of coal production near woodworking enterprises The technology of trees allows produce from raw wood to get a product with the highest possible carbon content. For this purpose, all other substances of organic and inorganic origin are removed by pyrolysis from raw materials.
Pyrolysis is the process of thermal decomposition of the material under conditions of oxygen deficiency.
Coal production from wood includes the following steps:
- Preliminary preparation of wood raw materials.
- Drying wood. Pyrolysis requires minimal moisture content in raw materials and mandatory drying of wood at a temperature not higher than 150 ° C.
- Pyrolysis process. Wood semi-finished product is heated to 150-350 ° C, while limiting the inflow of oxygen into the chamber. As a result of thermal decomposition of wood begins the process of coal formation with the release of pyrolysis (combustible) gases.
- The calcification process. To release from the coal of gaseous residues of unnecessary substances (first of all, the resins) is raised to 500-550 ° C.
- Recovery process. Cooling the coal obtained.
Observing all the technological requirements, on an industrial scale, you can get the charcoal of high quality with 90% carbon content.
The industrial furnace for carbon consists of:
- cylindrical or rectangular housing,
- floor chamber.
How made charcoal in an industrial furnace Manufacturing process:
- on top of the camera to install two retorts (closed tanks);
- fill the retort raw materials;
- heat the wood from outside;
- the walls of the containers will heat the heat, in addition, in the process of pyrolysis, the heat released during the thermal reaction is activated.
Production of coal from wood in an industrial furnace:
- in one of the retort of the industrial furnace undergoes the process of pyrolysis;
- in the second retort, drying of raw materials is made;
- combustible combustible gases released during pyrolysis;
- the highlighted thermal energy is spent on drying raw wood;
- the preparation of the finished product is performed;
- unloading and preparation for the packaging are carried out: for this, large pieces are crushed to the desired fraction;
- coal is listed in bags or packages;
- if necessary, the product briquetting is performed.
In addition to industrial, there is also a continuous furnace. In this case, all operations on the conversion of wood raw materials into fuel pass in one container at the same time. In height, this container is broken from top to bottom to different temperature areas: drying, pyrolysis, bice, recovery.
Production of charcoal on its own
If you have a suitable raw material and want to save on the purchase of this cheap fuel, then you will be interested in information on how to make charcoal with your own hands.
It is better to use that material that is available in more quantities or which is easier to get it possible as wood raw materials.
The quality of the fuel obtained depends on the characteristics of the wood:
- brand A - from the tree of solid rocks (Birosis, Elm, Oak, Grab);
- brand B - coniferous wood (fir, pine, spruce) + wood from the list A;
- brand B - Tree of soft breeds (Iva, Alder, Lipa, Poplar, etc.).
The most affordable and common raw materials are birch firewood. The resulting fuel pyrolysis technology is characterized by high heat combustion and smooth heat. Such coal is perfect for mangala.
To make charcoal at home resort to one of two methods:
- with a homemade furnace for carbon, which is made of a metal barrel;
- with the help of fluid in the pit (classical technology).
Made in the furnace made of metal barrel
A metal barrel with thick walls is used, the volume of which is selected in accordance with the number of recyclable raw materials. The capacity of 200 liters is usually used. If gasoline or other petroleum products were kept in the barrel, it is pre-burned.
Important! The tanks from under chemicals can not be used, since the pyrolysis process can be disturbed. In addition, the risk of fuel penetration or obtained during the ignition is the formation of dangerous compounds.
Independent manufacture of charcoal in barrel Method of manufacture №1:
- Install at the bottom of the barrel volume of 100-200 liters on the edge of six refractory or ordinary full-scale bricks.
- Dilm between them fire using paper, pinch or rashes.
- Gently add pieces of wood so that the gaps between them fill as cooranion.
- Put the metal grille on bricks.
- Put on the grille to the top of the tight layers a number behind the firewood.
- Fill the barrel and wait for the appearance of flames on the surface.
- Close the barrel of a piece of leaf iron, leaving a small slot with the edge for the minimum air intake. The fact that the process is nearing completion, can be found in the color of smoke: when the firewood will fight, their color will change on the SIZY.
- Slide the bell cover in such a way that the container is hermetically closed.
- After a complete cooling of the closed barrel, you can unload the finished biofuel.
Note! Accelerate the process of living wood will help forced air supply to a predetermined hole at the bottom of the tank. For boost, a garden vacuum cleaner-blower or an ordinary household unit included "for exhalation" is used.
Method of manufacture No. 2:
- Prepare a platform isolated from the soil. Platform makes bricks laid on a piece of sheet iron.
- Place firewood between bricks and dilute fire for heating barrels.
- Install a barrel on the platform.
- The barrel is filled with tightly laid slices of wood and almost hermetically closed with a metal lid. Small slots or holes are necessary for the release of gases.
- When the temperature inside the barrel rises to 350 degrees, the thermal decomposition of firewood from birch or other wood will begin. In this case, gas will be released from the barrel. Termination of gas output means completing the oxidation process.
- Some time to leave a barrel at the fire.
- Remove from fire and clog the gas-lodges in the lid.
- Leave the container to complete cooling.
- Open the lid and check the quality of the handled charcoal.
Manufacturing with the help of fluid in the pit
This method has been several centuries.
Making charcoal in the pit Preparation method:
- In the ground there is a yam of a cylindrical shape with vertical walls. With a depth of a bit of 50 cm and diameter about 80 cm, you can get a pair of coal bags.
- Tightly raise the bottom to avoid the soil in the finished fuel.
- Dilute in the pit bonfire from chips and branches.
- Dry layers put the prepared wood into the fire well flared around the bottom. Firewood is added as priocted until the entire pit is filled with coal (it takes about 3-4 hours).
- Cover the pit with green leaves and grass.
- Flush the layer of land and tamper.
- Within two days, the pit can be revealed, extract, sift ready-made fuel, after which it is packaged in bags.
Packaged in bags finished charcoal Attention! To obtain charcoal good quality, you need to use firewood without bark. This will significantly reduce the amount of smoke in the process. Keep in mind that wood pieces are more than 30 cm long inconvenient to use and for their exercise requires more time.
Conclusion on the topic
Having an idea how to make lumpie charcoal yourself, you can prepare high-quality biofuels and significantly save money. Raw materials for this can serve the trees or purchased firewood during clearing. With a certain experience and skill, you can get a charcoal of good quality without increasing or face.
Wood or activated carbon is an environmentally friendly material that has stable properties to an aggressive environment. Use this material in many areas. Indispensable as fuel for fireplaces and mangals, since it does not form smoke during combustion. When rugged charcoal gives only heat, which speeds up the process of cooking kebabs. In industry, this material is used to make clean silicon. Also charcoal is suitable for glass production, crystal, paints and plastics. At home, charcoal is used quite often both in the summer and in winter. It can always be detected in any store with goods for tourists or refueling.
How do charcoal
Charcoal refers to a minorial material. In this material there are no chemical impurities, which makes it absolutely safe. Material has quite high heat resistance and serious electrical resistance.
Recently, scientists have discovered that coal has a property to absorb unpleasant odors and harmful elements in the room.
These properties make charcoal in demand and popular among the population. To date, Brazil is the biggest manufacturer of charcoal. The consumption of this material year per person is very large. For the manufacture, raw materials from hard-sized trees breeds are taken. Coal from them is very dense and durable. Quite often you can meet charcoal, made of wastes of coniferous rocks or shrub.
Since for the manufacture of coal, different raw materials are used, several types of this material are formed:
- Grilled coal;
- Fuel for fireplaces;
- White coal.
To obtain a quality product, the observance of production technology is very important. With violation of technology, coal is pretty small and with cracks.
Useful information: how to make charcoal for kebab
Coal production for industrial purposes is carried out in special furnaces, which are most often located in the territory of woodworking factories. The location is due to the fact that the production of wooden products involves the formation of waste in very large quantities. It is these waste and are raw materials for the manufacture of charcoal.
Production of coal with an industrial method consists of several stages:
- To begin with, all the wood is dried at a temperature of 150 o C. If used wet raw materials, there will be a violation of the technological process and the product will be disregardable.
- The following process is called Pyrolysis. At this stage, at a temperature of 15-350 o Cellulose, thermal destruction is exposed, as a result, coal is based on.
- The third stage is referred to as a blazing. At this point, the temperature in the furnace increases to 500-550 ° C to ensure that the gasifying residues of the resin are injured.
- After, coal is cooled.
The process is quite simple and only a good oven is needed to obtain a quality product and hold all the subtleties of the process.
We make charcoal with your own hands
Such natural fuel for home use can be made with your own hands. First of all, it is necessary to harvest high-quality raw materials. It is necessary to use wood purified from the crust.
If not to adhere to this condition, homemade coal will form a lot of smoke.
Also, during the harvesting of raw materials, its size is very important. The presumptive size of the workpiece should not exceed 30 cm. Wood pine, birch, linden, aspen, alder and poplar can be used as raw materials for coal. Also for the mangala, you can use coal from cherry or wood of any tree with bone fruits, coal from this raw material gives a pleasant aroma meat. At home, it is possible to make coal with a large iron container in the form of a barrel.
There are several basic ways to manufacture coal in barrel.:
- The first method involves breeding fire in the container. In order to obtain coal in this way, it is necessary to take a capacity of at least 200 liters. In the container it is necessary to install bricks in the amount of 6 pieces for further dilution of fire. The raw material in the barrel must be immersed slowly and carefully until it cover bricks. Then you need to install the grid for the next batch. To obtain a sufficient amount of coal, the barrel rolls back. When the flame comes to the top, the container must be covered with a steel sheet. When closed, it is necessary to leave a small gap, due to this the combustion process will pass much faster. At the bottom of the barrels make a hole for which the air will flow inside. When smoke acquires a naiz shade, the barrel must be closed completely and leave it to a complete cooling.
- The second way to produce coal with a barrel is that the container is installed on the pre-erected platform and fill the raw material to the top. After the barrel is covered with a lid of non-flammable material. Under the bottom of the barrels, the fire is divorced, which will warm the tank to the desired temperature. In the process of heating from the barrel will go gas. When the gas stops going out, the container is removed and closed hermetically.
After the barrel cools, coal can be used.
Getting coal at home is the process that needs to be carefully monitored. You can prepare coal at home in a very simple way, which gives a few bags of this ecological fuel at the output. To do this, it is necessary to escape the pit of a cylindrical shape with vertical walls.
The diameter of the pit should be at least 80 cm, and the depth is at least 50 cm. In order to soil not mixed with the raw material, it is necessary to make the soil to the soil.
When the pit is ready, you need to divide a fire using small twigs or a twig. When the fire will turn around, you can gradually add prepared raw materials, to the very top of the pit. As soon as the pit is filled with burning firewood, it must be covered with grass or leaves, which should also be covered with a layer of soil. In this form, firewood in the pit must be at least 48 hours. This method will suit dacms and farmers.
Making charcoal at home
Also at home, charcoal is obtained using a furnace. This technology allows you to get a high-quality product that can be used not only for mangal, but also for home fireplaces. Raw materials for coal drops into the oven to full exercise. Firewood should turn around until the process of collapse began. Also, the finished coal in the furnace should have a red color.
Hot firewood needs to be shifted into the prepared container, which is closed with a hermetic lid.
It is believed that the ceramic container is most suitable for this purpose. The use of iron containers must be accompanied by the following fire safety rules. Capacity with firewood closes and left until complete cooling. When coal is completely cool, you can use it. This method is pretty simple, if you observe all the rules for the manufacture of the furnace.
Oven for the production of charcoal with their own hands
For the manufacture of a furnace, in which charcoal is mined, you need a drawing.
The design of this apparatus consists of:
- Combustion chambers;
- Gas tunnel;
- Firebox;
- Confused;
- Thermometer;
- Hood;
- Boot window.
The material from which the furnaces can be constructed should be refractory and withstand high temperatures. To prevent heat loss, it is necessary to carry out thermal insulation. This uses special materials that can be purchased at any construction store. Drawings indicate the locations of the details and methods for their attachment. Made a homemade oven strictly for all fire safety rules. This equipment will ensure safely producing charcoal at home in sufficient volume. Also for the manufacture of coal, you can build a brick oven on the model of Russian rustic stoves or rude. With this furnace, a small amount of charcoal is obtained.
The process of manufacturing coal is quite simple. To obtain a quality product, you must adhere to the manufacturer. Behind the process of burning raw materials must be carefully followed and follow the rules of fire safety. Raw materials need to select high-quality. Birch and cherry coal most often used in domestic expanses. Smoke formed from the coal of this wood gives the original and pleasant fragrance.
Wood coal production (video)
By summing up, it can be bolder to state that charcoal is the cleanest and eco-friendly fuel. It is used in heavy industries and at home. In home, charcoal is used to prepare delicious food on the grill or to support heat in the fireplace. The manufacture of coal itself allows not only to save money, but also get rid of waste in the manufacture of wooden products or dry wood in the country area.