Self cleaning and disinfection of the well. It is very simple to clean the well: methods and recommendations How to clean the well itself

The service life of a hydraulic structure depends on the quality and regularity of maintenance work. Well cleaning involves the elimination of existing contamination of the water intake and prevention of possible siltation of the aquifer.

Knowing how to properly clean the well yourself, you can not involve contractors and significantly save money.

Possible contamination and reasons for their appearance

Before you clean the well in the country with your own hands, you need to determine the types and causes of pollution. The reasons for the deterioration of water quality are determined by the main organoleptic characteristics: color, odor, content of foreign impurities.

The following types of contamination are distinguished:

The appearance of water turbidity. This occurs as a result of a decrease in the tightness of the intake structure and the penetration of surface water into the mine. The upper waters saturate drinking water with the smallest particles of sand, clay and mud, which are layered at the bottom of the structure. Other reasons are the clogging of the bottom filter and poor filtration quality of the aquifer.
The presence of technical and biological waste in the water. The reasons for such pollution are possible deformation and damage to the concrete structure, as a result of which debris penetrates into the aquifer. Another reason is the clogging of the bottom with silt, which prevents the intake of clean water from the mine.
Clogging with fallen leaves, broken branches, feathers and other foreign objects. This is due to the absence. In case of strong gusts of wind, ground debris can be clogged into the water intake shaft, which prevents the penetration of clean water into the well. In such a situation, cleaning a private well, as well as disinfecting the structure and the aquifer, will be effective.
Change in color of water. If the water source acquires a dark hue, this indicates infrequent use of the structure. If the water turns green, this indicates the multiplication of small algae and protozoa. If the liquid turns a reddish hue, this is a sign of increased iron levels. The main reason is the poor quality of the aquifer.
The appearance of an unpleasant odor of sulfur compounds in the water. If a water source starts to smell like rotten eggs and takes on an unpleasant aftertaste, this is the first sign of a leak in the structure, which leads to seepage of sewage and sulfur compounds from the ground.

Important! If the hydraulic structures are regularly operated throughout the year, then the wells are cleaned every 3 years. If the wells are used only in the off-season, then maintenance work is carried out annually in spring and autumn.

Preparatory work and safety rules

Often, site owners do not know how to clean the well correctly, so they do not follow simple safety rules. Before starting work, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the basic requirements:

The cleaning of the wells should be carried out with assistants - one will go down to the bottom of the mine, the second is responsible for the supply of the tool, the third for the insurance. In unforeseen situations, assistants must remain on the surface and not descend into the mine to ensure that a person is lifted out of the well.
To ensure complete safety during the cleaning process, it is necessary to use a safety rope or cable regardless of the depth of the structure.
All work in the mine is carried out in boots, a helmet and a protective suit.
Before cleaning it is necessary to check the absence of hydrogen sulphide and chloride vapors. This is done as follows: a burning candle is lowered into the shaft, if the flame has not extinguished, then the oxygen level is high. To eliminate the existing gases, you can use a portable stove, preheated to a low temperature. The furnace is lowered with the blower down and held for some time to remove gases to the surface.
If a metal ladder is to be lowered into the mine for work, it must be equipped with a special support, the rope device is securely attached to the outside of the well.

How is the cleaning of hydraulic structures carried out?

To ensure the high quality of the work carried out, experts recommend using special devices for cleaning wells. The most reliable and affordable of them are filters, which are:

Bottom. They are represented by a filtering pad made of fine grained pebbles and sand, covered at the bottom of the water intake shaft.
Coal. Membrane filters with a carbon base are able to retain large particles of rocks, and multi-stage filters provide cleaning of sludge, chemicals, pesticides, metal salts, lime deposits.

No less effective is the grab - a bucket with movable jaws on a fixing spring. Such a device for cleaning the well allows you to clean the bottom of the structure without going down into it. This happens as follows: the open grab is fixed on the cable and lowered to the bottom. At the moment of a strong impact, the jaws close, capturing bottom sediments, after which the device is removed to the surface. The grab is cleaned of dirt, the lowering / lifting procedure is repeated several times.

There are three types of grab:

manual - for wells and shallow wells. Constructively consists of a bucket and a rope;
mechanical with a lifting winch. Additionally equipped with a winch and 2–4 ropes;
deep. Designed for cleaning country wells and deep wells.

The most effective in dealing with blockages is a drain or mud pump for cleaning wells.

Preventive measures for cleaning the structure

The main task of any owner should be regular preventive cleaning of wells, which will ensure the supply of high-quality water for domestic and economic needs. Remediation of the aquifer is carried out at the end of the winter period, after the melting of the snow cover.

Effective cleaning involves the complete disinfection of the aquifer and hydraulic structures. For this, a weak solution of potassium permanganate is used - 1 tbsp. l. for 10 liters of water. Prepared water is poured into the bottom of the mine. 3 hours after disinfection, we completely pump out the well water.

Manual way to clean the well

Manual cleaning of a well in the country is a complex and responsible process that requires special skill and some knowledge. It is carried out in case of severe blockages of well water, silting of the bottom of the mine and ingress of foreign objects. If the well does not have a great depth, then you can safely proceed to manual cleaning.

How to clean a well in the country by hand? First you need to prepare:

boots;
protective clothing and hard hat;
metal bucket;
ladder (metal or rope);
brushes with stiff bristles and soft sponges.

The main work is carried out after preliminary pumping of water from the mine. Pumping equipment can be used for pumping.

After removing the liquid, you can proceed to the step-by-step cleaning of the structure. The upper part of the structure is thoroughly cleaned with a stiff brush, then the ladder is fixed, after which the lower rings are cleaned on it, creating a reliable stop. When the structure is completely cleared of accumulated dirt, you can start cleaning the mine bottom.

The bottom is cleared of debris, stones for drainage are washed with water and laid out again. If there is damage in the concrete structure of the mine, preventive repair is carried out: cracks and potholes are covered with a solution based on cement and plasticizer.

In case of strong silting, the bottom filter is thoroughly cleaned, and poor-quality areas are filled with new material.

As soon as the cleaning of the well with your own hands is completely completed, it is recommended to carry out additional disinfection of the aquifer and disinfection of the well structure.

Disinfection measures can be carried out as follows: dilute a weak 10% solution of bleach in a 10-liter bucket and carefully process the walls of the shaft. After processing, cover the structure with a protective cover and leave for a couple of days. Finally, use a pump or pump to pump out the water at least 3 times.

Drainage cleaning of the well using pumping equipment

If the aquifer is polluted by pathogenic microorganisms, algae, depressurization of the connecting joints and the penetration of organic debris, then the well is thoroughly cleaned with a drainage pump with preliminary pumping of water.

After the repair and drainage of the well has been completed, it is necessary to completely disinfect the mine and the aquifer.

How to make repairs and comprehensive cleaning of the well, see the video presented.

One of the most important well maintenance activities is cleaning and disinfection. A competently done cleaning of wells with your own hands guarantees an increase in the service life of structures and a high quality of the water source.

Well cleaning is a kind of general cleaning, it is needed regularly and must be done conscientiously. The owners of this simple but very necessary structure may be interested in learning how to clean the well with their own hands in order to save some money.

To think that a well once dug no longer requires maintenance is fundamentally wrong. And to enjoy the crystal clear, always cool, fresh water, it takes some effort from time to time. Every year, the well is sanitized, and once every 3-5 years, it will need a "general cleaning", sometimes more often.

In order for the water to be usable, the well must be cleaned regularly

The need to carry out unscheduled cleaning will certainly be indicated by the quality of non-drinking water. Such water cannot be used for bathing in the shower or for watering plants in the beds.

You can hire specialists for the work, but many homeowners are not looking for easy ways and prefer to do everything on their own. Such an initiative is always commendable and cost-effective, but fraught with difficulties. Do-it-yourself well cleaning is troublesome, unsafe and will require some theoretical knowledge.

There can be several reasons for cleaning a well. And before starting work, it is worth determining the nature of the pollution and ways to eliminate them. The reasons for the turbidity of water are determined by color, odor and the presence of impurities.

Silting up the well. As a result of this inevitable process, the water becomes cloudy and takes on a characteristic taste. The deposition of sand and clay on the bottom of the well also results in severe cloudiness. At the same time, the water level in the mine may significantly decrease, but it should not be confused with sharp seasonal changes;
The appearance of an oil film over the surface of the water indicates the presence of oil products. They can appear due to depressurization of the mine, get directly with the aquifer, or for a banal reason for non-compliance with cleanliness when using the well;

If the water is contaminated, you can easily identify it by its color, smell and the presence of impurities

Water becomes rusty due to the admixture of iron in it;
Bacterial contamination can be the result of elemental stagnation of water with infrequent use. The development of bacteria can also be facilitated by foreign objects that have fallen into the mine: household, plant waste or accidentally fallen animals and birds;
The ingress of sewage is easy to recognize by an unpleasant smell;
The reason for the greening of the water is the simplest algae, which develop in the warm season with a sufficient amount of sunlight;
Blackening of water or the appearance of rot is often found in wells, at the bottom of which an aspen shield is installed. Wood can rot over time and spoil the water.

Security measures

Often people neglect the elementary rules of their own safety, but in the case of work in a well, this should not be done.

To clean the well, you will need the help of a partner and insurance.

The first and main rule is the presence of a safety cable, regardless of the depth of the mine;
It is strongly discouraged to work alone. This is not only much more difficult, but also not safe. There must be a person nearby who can help;
It is equally important to make sure that there are no harmful gases in the well. To do this, a lighted candle is lowered into the mine, if it continues to burn, then there is enough oxygen;
The ladder, which will be lowered to the bottom of the well, must be equipped with a retaining platform, and the rope must be well fixed.

Important! There is much less oxygen at depths of more than 3 m, so it is better for a person with cardiovascular diseases to entrust cleaning to someone else.

Technologies and methods for cleaning wells

There are several cleaning methods. The choice of a specific one depends on the nature of the pollution and the tool used. In some cases, complex measures may be required. Well cleaning can be:

Preventive;
Capital (drainage or manual cleaning).

Preventive cleaning of wells

For preventive cleaning of the well and disinfection of water in it, you will need a manganese solution

It is advisable to sanitize every year after the snow melts, even if the water seems clear. Common potassium permanganate is used for disinfection. A tablespoon of crystals is dissolved in a bucket of water and poured into a well. After 2-3 hours, all the water is pumped out of it. You can pour it into the garden, light disinfection of the soil will not harm and even be useful.

Manual well cleaning: technology and features of work

The whole process of manual cleaning is reduced to gradual mechanical cleaning. In this connection, there are several main stages:

Preparatory;
Pumping out water;
Mechanical cleaning of the mine;
Cleaning the bottom of the well. Washing or replacing the well filter;
Repair work, sealing joints (if necessary);
Well disinfection.

Preparatory work

Before you start cleaning, consider whether you have all the necessary tools

When all the tools are collected and helpers are found, you can proceed to the preparatory stage. Its purpose is to provide free access to the mine, so the canopy will have to be dismantled for a while. If there is debris on the surface of the water, it is removed manually. They also check for the presence of harmful gases, and if there are any, the work will have to be performed in a gas mask.

Pumping out water

Of course, you can select water from a well with buckets, but it is much easier to do this with a pump. Even a small power "Rodnichok", which can be borrowed from neighbors, will do an excellent job, if you do not lower it too low to the bottom. It is worth considering that it will not be possible to completely drain the mine, a small amount of water will remain at the bottom in any case.

Mechanical cleaning

The walls of the shaft are cleaned of all existing contaminants, using a scraper, metal brush or sponge. Everything that is removed from the walls will fall into the water, but this is not critical, together with the bottom mule, it will be removed. The walls are washed twice with water. When cleaning the mines, carefully examine the seams between the rings or masonry. In the event of cracks, repair work is carried out.

Sealing seams

Use cement mortar to seal the joints

Cracks and other damage between the shaft rings can be caused by slight displacement, long-term water or vegetation contamination. To restore the tightness, they are sealed with an ordinary solution with a high cement content or special mixtures are used. Before repairing, it is recommended to clean the working surface for better adhesion of materials. Apply the solution with a spatula or spatula.

Important! Under no circumstances should household detergents and other chemicals be used to clean the well.

Cleaning the bottom of the well. Flushing or replacing the well filter

Removing sediment from the bottom of the well is performed in several ways. The easiest one is to go down to the bottom and pick it up with buckets. You can use a grab to clean the well. This is a special bucket that is equipped with two overlapping blades. It is lowered to the bottom, collecting silt, and then lifted with a strong cable manually or on a winch. It is also recommended to remove the old filter, rinse thoroughly and put it back. If for some reason it does not fit, a new layer is poured onto the bottom. Stones of a larger fraction are placed on the bottom of a loose clay well or on a bottom shield. The fine filter is used for sandy bottom and quiet inflow.

Manual well bottom cleaning

Well disinfection.

For disinfection, use a solution of bleach or special chlorine-containing stabilizing agents. Bleach will need 20 mg per 1 liter of water. To find out its amount in the well, the usual formula for the volume of a cylinder will help. After adding a disinfectant, the shaft is tightly closed and left for 5-6 hours. After that, the water is completely pumped out twice. It is recommended to boil it for 5-7 days after processing. Such treatment is necessary if the water has been contaminated with bacteria or organic matter. Other methods of disinfection are not recommended for wells.

Advice! To ensure the quality of drinking water, a sample can be taken for analysis.

Drainage cleaning: technology and selection of a pumping station

Cleaning of this type is sufficient if only silting or deposition of clay and sand has occurred on the bottom. Only a special model is used in work, namely, a drain pump. Preference is given to a submersible device.
Knowing the depth and fullness of the well, it is necessary to select a pumping unit with sufficient power, good flow rate and, most importantly, low requirements for water quality. In this situation, the conclusion is simple - the higher the pump flow rate and power, the better.
Fecal pumps can also be used. If leaves or other debris float on the surface of the water, it is recommended to remove it first. The drain pump is immersed in water at a distance of 0-5-1 meters from the bottom and is well fixed.

Cleaning the well with a drain pump

It is important that the jet from the outlet pipe is directed straight downward and well lifts the sediment by pressure.

Periodically raise the pump and rinse the filter. The regularity of cleaning with a drainage pump depends on the characteristics of the soil on the site, but, as a rule, it is required no more than 1-2 times a year.
Wells pollution is inevitable. But this is a reason not to refuse fresh, clean and free drinking water.

Cleaning the country well manually: video

In order for the water to be usable, the well must be cleaned regularly

The need to carry out unscheduled cleaning will certainly be indicated by the quality of non-drinking water. Such water cannot be used either for bathing or in the beds.

Silting up the well. As a result of this inevitable process, the water becomes cloudy and takes on a characteristic taste. The deposition of sand and clay on the bottom of the well also results in severe cloudiness. At the same time, the water level in the mine may significantly decrease, but it should not be confused with sharp seasonal changes;
The appearance of an oil film over the surface of the water indicates the presence of oil products. They can appear due to depressurization of the mine, get directly with the aquifer, or for a banal reason for non-compliance with cleanliness when using the well;

If the water is contaminated, you can easily identify it by its color, smell and the presence of impurities

Water becomes rusty due to the admixture of iron in it;
Bacterial contamination can be the result of elemental stagnation of water with infrequent use. The development of bacteria can also be facilitated by foreign objects that have fallen into the mine: household, plant waste or accidentally fallen animals and birds;
The ingress of sewage is easy to recognize by an unpleasant smell;
The reason for the greening of the water is the simplest algae, which develop in the warm season with a sufficient amount of sunlight;
Blackening of water or the appearance of rot is often found in wells, at the bottom of which an aspen shield is installed. Wood can rot over time and spoil the water.

Security measures

Often people neglect the elementary rules of their own safety, but in the case of work in a well, this should not be done.

To clean the well, you will need the help of a partner and insurance.

The first and main rule is the presence of a safety cable, regardless of the depth of the mine;
It is strongly discouraged to work alone. This is not only much more difficult, but also not safe. There must be a person nearby who can help;
It is equally important to make sure that there are no harmful gases in the well. To do this, a lighted candle is lowered into the mine, if it continues to burn, then there is enough oxygen;
The ladder, which will be lowered to the bottom of the well, must be equipped with a retaining platform, and the rope must be well fixed.

Important! There is much less oxygen at depths of more than 3 m, so it is better for a person with cardiovascular diseases to entrust cleaning to someone else.

Technologies and methods for cleaning wells

There are several cleaning methods. The choice of a specific one depends on the nature of the pollution and the tool used. In some cases, complex measures may be required. Well cleaning can be:

Preventive;
Capital (drainage or manual cleaning).

Preventive cleaning of wells

For preventive cleaning of the well and disinfection of water in it, you will need a manganese solution

Manual well cleaning: technology and features of work

The whole process of manual cleaning is reduced to gradual mechanical cleaning. In this connection, there are several main stages:

Preparatory;
Pumping out water;
Mechanical cleaning of the mine;
Cleaning the bottom of the well. Washing or replacing the well filter;
Repair work, sealing joints (if necessary);
Well disinfection.

Preparatory work

Before you start cleaning, consider whether you have all the necessary tools

Pumping out water

Mechanical cleaning

Sealing seams

Use cement mortar to seal the joints

Important! Under no circumstances should household detergents and other chemicals be used to clean the well.

Cleaning the bottom of the well. Flushing or replacing the well filter

Manual well bottom cleaning

Well disinfection.

Advice! To ensure the quality of drinking water, a sample can be taken for analysis.

Drainage cleaning: technology and selection of a pumping station

Cleaning the well with a drain pump

It is important that the jet from the outlet pipe is directed straight downward and well lifts the sediment by pressure.

Cleaning the country well manually: video

The well is an invaluable aid in obtaining clean water for drinking and technical needs. But the problem is that the active circulation of the liquid gradually leads to its clogging. You can cope with such troubles, you just have to strictly adhere to a certain work technology.

Signs of contamination

Start by recognizing the signs of contamination. After all, each type of blockage has a special approach and cannot be eliminated according to a universal template.

The appearance of turbid water, even in a very small volume, almost always indicates that soil particles get into the well cavity. Their penetration there becomes possible due to the weak tightness of the wall joints, which can shift or leak out. It is much worse if the water takes on one color or another.

The green tide indicates that the well has become a place of active reproduction of microscopic algae. And if the liquid turns black, this most often allows us to conclude that the organic matter not only got inside, but also decomposes.
Water with an excessive concentration of iron turns yellow; it should be borne in mind right away that ordinary cleaning is powerless in such a situation. Purification through special filters helps to cope with the excessive saturation of well water with iron. The specific taste, which appears even before obvious visual signs, helps to recognize the "strong" metal.
At the dacha and in the household, the water raised from the well can be sweetish due to the presence of nitrogen. It gets there together with fertilizers (nitrates) and it is impossible to cope with this problem until the source of these substances is blocked.
A yellowish color is often characteristic of water that has got into a home spring from a swamp; the difference from a simple overflow with iron is that the coloration is relatively weak. Green tone, except for algae, is sometimes associated with the penetration of hydrogen sulfide from secondary sources. It is easy to recognize this by the appearance of a characteristic putrid odor.

Clay entering the well is sometimes provoked by the action of quicksand. It mechanically destroys the strongest and most stable structures, and the rock saturated with moisture easily finds seemingly insignificant cracks and immediately penetrates them. The presence of lime in significant quantities is determined visually as well as contamination from dirt and sludge. If there is relatively little lime, the water “just” becomes hard. Limescale appears on household appliances and dishes, plumbing fixtures and pipes.

Dirt can appear as a result of prolonged operation of the well, and almost immediately after digging.

The problem is aggravated by poor-quality construction, non-compliance with sanitary and technological standards. In any case, you should not expect that the pollution will be eliminated by itself after some time. But it is not wise to rush too much, using random or recommended means. It is much more correct, having found the root cause of the blockage, to deal with the tools and methods that will really help with cleaning.

Remedies

Many tools have been developed by enthusiasts and engineers that can be used to clean almost any well from mechanical dirt. The simplest option is to use a scraper. It removes blockages that have appeared on the walls of the mine. But before scrubbing these walls, it is worth trying to clean the well with pumps. This is much more efficient than trying to solve the problem manually.

The drainage pump, raising the water up, will simultaneously pull out the accumulated dirty particles. The pressure pump mounted next to the head will also play a role. This is such a high-tech "scraper" that creates a strong, intense flow of fluid. Importantly, pumps as a device for narrow and wide wells are equally suitable. To avoid the failure of the drainage unit in the silt will help placing it on a special stand.

It is recommended to select those pumps that are designed for dirty water; even if the clogging from above seems insignificant, it is impossible to predict how the situation at the very bottom will change and when the supply of liquid becomes scarce.

The pressure hose is placed in a container of about 300 liters. When pumps cannot be used, a bucket (or scoop) often comes to the rescue. This tool is easy to do even with your own hands, as long as you have at your disposal sheet steel and a few simple tools for working with it.

Those who have tried in practice cleaning the well with a ladle were not disappointed in it.True, this work is very tedious and time-consuming, but at least financially it is easy. The scoop must be thrown into the well shaft with its tip downward, making sure that it pierces the accumulated sludge. When working, they try to capture dirt as much as possible (at one time they extract it from 2 to 3 kg).

A more complex option is a grab, this tool is suitable for a narrower scope of work.

In appearance, the grab is such "jaws", when closed, sediments on the bottom are captured. After lifting, they open, releasing the collected dirt. Like the scoop, the grab is best done by hand. But the point is not so much in simplicity as in the fact that almost no one offers such a tool in free sale.

When cleaning sewer wells, along with the listed tools, you can use a sludge pump. This is the so-called sewer truck equipped with a vacuum pump and a special tank. Contrary to the name, such equipment is suitable for removing more than just one sludge. It copes well with sand and grease, with various particles of hard rocks. Only abrasives pose a hazard to the relatively soft hose that carries dirt into the tank. The disadvantage of this method is that you have to pay, specially call for helpers.

Cleaning technology

It is not at all necessary to turn to specialists - the well can be cleaned with your own hands, without even going down into it, but remaining on solid ground. Manual cleaning begins with a thorough pumping of water, moreover, consistently. Having evacuated the mirror by 400-500 mm using elongated tools, the walls are mechanically cleaned. In this work, the use of even the most gentle household chemicals is categorically unacceptable. Most of the work is still carried out inside and you need to carefully monitor that the structure of the rings remains intact.

Having reached the bottom, the liquid is finally pumped out and the decisive stage of cleaning begins. It is necessary to rinse the bottom filter, and it is desirable to raise the stones upward, there it will be done more efficiently. Seams, even without visually noticeable deformations, must be sealed with cement with the addition of liquid glass. This will make it difficult for the surface water to mix with the water running through the mine. Disinfection is mandatory.

Completely without going down, you can do with automated cleaning, it has already been discussed - this is the use of drainage and submersible pumps. This technique helps if you need to cope with only insignificant clogging. An evacuation block is placed 50 cm from the bottom of the pit. A hose from the feed pump is placed even closer to the bottom. It is very important to observe this placement, violation of it will not allow you to achieve a good result.

Continue work strictly until the evacuation pump delivers impeccably clean water.

If it is necessary to lower various mechanisms and devices into the well, it is recommended to use a winch. This device is relatively uncomplicated, but it helps a lot to save energy. And, of course, working at the bottom of the pit requires an appropriate mental attitude.

Importantly, there are ways to clean the wells in stages without pumping water. This is not possible with all types of pollution, of course. So, the fight against microscopic algae, which gives the water a greenish tint, is best done with chlorine. In a few days, the tank will be completely clean and ready for use. Natural sorbents such as zeolite and shungite effectively fight against the ingress of foreign substances. For optimal effect, you will have to use several kilograms of these reagents at once. Another way is to use dosing units.

The capacity of such a cartridge varies from 250 to 1000 cm3. But despite the presence of special developments, still professionals recommend completely pumping out water and removing sludge by 100%. Then you need to fill the well with clean water, defending it for at least a week.

Cleaning without pumping using open chlorine or dosing charges helps predominantly against microbiological agents. But given the danger of the substance used, you should very strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions and do not use more than recommended doses.

It is important to resolve one more question - when exactly is it better to carry out the planned cleaning of the well - in the fall or spring. Timely cleaning prevents this kind of emergency work and allows fresh water to be used at all times. Regardless of the schedules, you need to get to work if:

sticks, stones, leaves and branches of trees, various birds and animals fell into the well;

detected the presence of metals and their compounds;

water is clogged at depth with sand or clay.

Clogging with both metal and sand can be triggered by ground movements. They lead to the displacement of the rings and the penetration of foreign mass into the interior. In such a situation, you will not only have to clean, but also repair the water source. The prevention of clogging is the regular rise of water upward. Even when there is no clear need for it, it turns out to be very useful.

Before cleaning, all interfering objects, including pumping equipment, are always removed from the well.

After removing the water, it is supposed to inspect the structure and look for signs of visible destruction. In the absence of such problems, change the bottom filter. The sand, gravel and crushed stone found there must be pulled out and a completely new embankment made. The freed walls are specially cleaned, for this they use not only brushes, but also antiseptic preparations. Having completed the formation of the bottom filter, the pumps and stationary outlet filters are returned to their place.

It must be borne in mind that the water obtained during the first injection is not yet ready even for technical use. A high-quality liquid is always transparent, without foreign odors or tastes. Sometimes it is possible to achieve such success only from the third bay. If the filters are not replaced, they are cleaned as prescribed by the manufacturer's instructions - mainly with a strong pressure of water.

A different approach should be taken to pipe wells. In them, as well as in wells, only pumps and filters can be used. Pumping water is also required, as well as checking the liquid obtained after cleaning in a specialized laboratory. Covering wells and wells with covers or canopies helps to reduce the need for cleaning. Regarding the time of regular cleaning, for wells used only in summer, the operating time comes in spring and autumn. Closer to winter, water has to be pumped out to prevent clogging of filters and pumps. In the spring months, special attention is paid to cleaning the walls of structures or replacing natural filters.

Even if the water seems clean all the time, it is recommended that it be tested in a laboratory four times a year.

Regardless of the conclusions of the experts, the purification of the water supply is mandatory. It is also necessary to carry out it in the case when the ground is heated when the snow melts. Important: self-cleaning of the sewer well, in contrast to the water supply, is almost impossible. For this purpose, you will have to use special equipment, the purchase of which is not justified. Before using any reagent of natural or artificial origin, it is better to immediately check whether it is environmentally safe.

Installing the bottom filter

A properly installed bottom filter is the most important element for coarse cleaning, stopping the invasion of sand and clay. To form this protection, only natural materials are used that are not washed out by water. Be sure to put them in several layers to ensure the complete safety of those using well water. It should be noted that in dense soils of clay origin, a filter is not required to obtain water from underground springs. But when the bottom is folded with soft clay and the water flows with significant pressure, the fight against cloudy suspension is very important.

Large crushed stone or pebble rocks laid out with a layer of 0.15-0.2 m will help to prevent the bottom from washing out. If the base of the pit is made of sand and water flows in uniform portions, you will need to lay out the filter yourself. It is also required in cases where quicksand is below.

The direct type bottom filter is used where the inflow is relatively small, as well as over quicksand. First, the material of large fractions is laid out, then medium and small ones (each layer is 5-6 times smaller than the previous one).

The top filtering surface in such a system is made of quartz sand or pebbles. If the bottom is already sandy, use reverse filters. Their main task is to prevent dirt from getting into the water to the well bottom. At the same time, the owners are insured against clogging of the liquid by grains of sand rising in the stream of spring water. The difference from the direct scheme is that the sequence of layers is reversed; the thickness of each layer is maximum 150 mm.

Disinfection of water

To clean the well purely mechanically is very good. But this will not allow you to protect yourself from:

bacteria;

Meanwhile, all these types of living beings are formidable enemies of man. Bad smell is only a subjective problem, much worse will be the health consequences. It is necessary to use disinfectants every six months, before the seasonal use of the well and in the fall. Special cases when such a measure is needed urgently are:

flooding of the mine with flood or sediment, sewage;

seepage of untreated groundwater;

clogging with any pesticides and industrial, household waste;

hitting land animals and birds;

collapse of part of the material;

the presence of debris;

subsidence of the bottom;

detection of excessive concentration of microbes in the study of samples.

You can use powdered bleach to make the water drinkable.

Attention: you should make an accurate calculation of its amount and do not try to exceed the dosage "for greater efficiency." Precautions must be taken when handling this substance!

In some cases, it is better to use potassium permanganate - this tool works quickly and is not dangerous. Its disadvantage is its relatively low efficiency.

30 g of the reagent are mixed with 10 l of warm water. After waiting from 30 minutes to an hour, you need to pump out the water several times. Next, dry walls are washed with the same solution, and a grid with 3-5 g of potassium permanganate or silicon chips is placed on the bottom. Finished tablets based on chlorine compounds may only be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions!

Important: all solutions of disinfectants should be prepared in clean dishes that have been previously rinsed.

After all, it is impossible to predict how this or that reagent will behave when interacting with foreign substances. After using chlorine water, you need to thoroughly mix it for about 10 minutes using long poles or by scooping it up with a bucket and spilling it back abruptly.

It is much easier to do this using an outboard pump. After such chlorination, in any case, you need to cover the well with a thick cloth or polyethylene. Be sure to make sure that the mine is cool and not exposed to sunlight.Otherwise, the chlorine will evaporate too quickly and will not produce the desired result. The walls will need to be rinsed with clean water. Pumping the well after chlorination is repeated until even the faintest smell of the chemical disappears.

Recently, wells have ceased to be considered as the main sources of water supply in summer cottages and in villages.

But, be that as it may, the owners of country houses are in no hurry to abandon them.

Water is always needed in large quantities. In summer, in the village or in the country, you cannot do without watering, a lot of life-giving moisture is used for it.

A simple solution from time immemorial

If you water your garden by connecting a hose to the central water supply, then electricity and water bills are unlikely to add to your good mood.

What is the way out of this?

Of course - a well or a well (), where there is always water, moreover, in unlimited quantities.

If it is used irregularly, then over time this leads to the fact that the quality of the liquid becomes unsuitable for drinking.

There are two ways out of this situation:

do nothing, accept the fact that there is and use water only for household needs.

And you can make a general cleaning the source of life-giving moisture.

If you turn to professionals for help, they will do everything very quickly and efficiently, but they will take a lot of money for their work.

The high cost for such work is quite justified. Many ordinary people think that this occupation is not worth the investment.

And they are right. Why pay your hard-earned cash when you can try and clean the source of the dirt without any help.

Others do not want to realize the importance of this procedure and postpone this lesson "until later."

This indicates that the aquifer of the krynitsa is of poor quality, and it is not advisable to use life-giving moisture from it.

In this case, there is one effective way out of this situation - at the entrance of the pipeline to the house, put a filtering system or use household filters.

Unpleasant taste and smell of hydrogen sulfide

If a nasty smell comes from the well, and a strange taste of liquid is felt when drinking, then the problem most likely lies in the depressurization of the mine.

For this reason, sewage drains penetrate inside. (about the best septic tanks for a country house is written in the article).

By the way, the same symptoms will appear if a small animal fell into the well and began to decompose there, and you didn't even know about it.

After spring floods, it will not be superfluous to sanitize the source.

To do this, take a teaspoon of potassium permanganate and dissolve it in a bucket of water, which we pour into a well.

After an hour and a half, you need to pump out all the water from the mine.

Method one - manual cleaning

First, let's get acquainted with the intricacies of this method. The whole process consists of the following steps.

Forward pumping of liquid... What does this mean?

After 40 - 50 cm of water has been pumped out, you need to thoroughly clean the walls of the pot.

For these purposes, a metal brush of a soft structure or a large sponge is useful.

It is important not to damage the structure of the rings. The use of detergents or other chemicals is strictly prohibited.

After the walls have been completely cleaned and have reached the bottom, the liquid must be completely pumped out and start cleaning the bottom directly.

This procedure needs special attention..

The procedure is mandatory - we wash the bottom filter, consisting of stone and gravel.

For a more thorough cleaning, we lift the stones up.

Cleaning finished.

After that, we seal the seams with cement mortar with the addition of liquid glass.

Thus, waterproofing will be improved, and surface water will not penetrate into the mine.

The next step is disinfection... We thoroughly coat the cleaned walls with bleach (10% solution).

The bottom also needs to be treated with the same composition. Then we close the lid of the well, wrap it with a thick cloth so that the chlorine does not escape.

In this form, the structure costs at least 2 days, after which the water must be completely pumped out 2 times.
The method described above is not the only one. You can also use an automated method for cleaning the well.

In this case, the person will not descend to the bottom of the krynitsa.

For this purpose, you will need two pumps - deep and drainage (read which one to buy for wells and wells) and several large-capacity tanks.

Through these simple devices, the circulation of the liquid is improved - a submersible pump pumps out water from a well, and a drain pump feeds it back.

For the process to proceed without incidents, it is very important to correctly distribute all the elements:

at a height of half a meter from the bottom of the pit, there must be a pumping unit.

And, close to the bottom, we place the supply pump hose.

A strong pressure of water from this hose will stir up the liquid, which, together with sludge and dirt, will rise up and pass through the filtration system.

This procedure () must be continued until clear water flows from the pumping out pump.

The main thing is to select a pump of the appropriate power (it must be consistent with the depth of the mine).

Periodically, the unit is lifted up and the filter is cleaned... In order to be sure of high-quality cleaning, the water must be taken to the laboratory for analysis.

A grab is used to cleanse small krinits.... This equipment is a bucket with two blades that close as soon as they touch the ground.

With its help, you can lift garbage weighing 1.5 - 2 tons.

For a reliable descent of the apparatus, it is better to use several strong cables.

To make your job easier, you can use a winch to dive.

Thus, you will save your energy.

Equipment required for the cleaner

If someone does not know, then the procedure for cleaning a well from dirt is an unsafe and time-consuming business.

Only a desperate person can afford to draw water in buckets, standing on a slippery staircase, in a narrow and musty tunnel.

It is best to work during the day, in which case darkness is a bad helper. It will be nice if two more people come to your aid.

Climbing equipment you will need:

Safety rope and strong cable.

A ladder that you can stand on comfortably.

Supporting bars.

Wooden swing with a hook.

Platforms fixed with cables.

High rubber boots.

Safety helmet.

Having dressed in a rubber suit, boots and a helmet, fastening a safety cable to the belt, you can slowly lower yourself into the well shaft.

When descending and ascending, you must be sure that at the top, someone is standing as an insurer.

Before sinking to the bottom of the pot, make sure that no gases harmful to health have accumulated there.

This can be done with a lit candle. It is placed in a bucket, which is immersed at the very bottom.

If the candle continues to burn, then there is no danger. When working in a mine, a tool may fall on top of you; in order to avoid injury, you need to try to press against the wall.

After you completely go down and visually inspect everything around, it will become clear to you how much work is to be done and what exactly needs to be repaired.

Which of the actions you may need to take:

strengthen and make control sealing of all seams, this is necessary to prevent groundwater leaks into the well. For this purpose, a special waterproof sealant is used;

clean the bottom filtration system;

repair wooden structures;

if necessary, restore the concrete surface with cement mortar.

At the moment, the modern market offers a wide range of cleaning agents, in the form of ready-made solutions, for a well.

These formulations contain substances of a stabilizing and disinfecting nature.

You have familiarized yourself with all possible ways to clean the well with your own hands and know what tools and devices are needed for this.

If you regularly clean the well that is located on your site, then you can be sure that your family will be provided with clean and fresh water.

Watch the video that was filmed while cleaning the well from concrete rings.

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