Content
To provide a private house with heat, it is necessary to carefully consider the design of the heating system. It is important not only to correctly select the boiler power and select high-quality batteries, but also to correctly connect the heating radiators. In this case, the choice of the heating system and the direction of movement of the coolant through the internal channels of the battery affects the amount of heat supplied in the form of infrared radiation and convection heating of air masses. Consider which of the schemes for connecting heating devices are considered the most effective in an apartment and a private mansion.
Radiator battery connection
Factors to Consider
At the design stage of the heating system, the thermal calculation of the house as a whole and of each heated room separately is performed. This allows you to install a boiler of the required power and select a heating device for each room, the heat transfer of which is sufficient for high-quality heating even on frosty days. It doesn't matter what material the radiator is made of - it can be steel, cast iron, aluminum or bimetallic.
However, the type of battery affects the ease of use of the heating system - cast iron radiators cool and heat up for a long time, not allowing flexible regulation of the indoor climate. It is also worth paying attention to the presence of panel-type steel radiators with bottom connection - they are connected to the pipeline in the only possible way.
In order for the heating system to provide the house with heat, operating in optimal mode, without unnecessary fuel consumption, it is necessary to take into account:
- type of heating system;
- the location of the batteries (the place of installation affects their heat transfer - protruding structures and decorative screens reduce the performance by 3–20%);
- the length and specificity of the heating main.
Features of the circulation of the coolant
The heat carrier in the heat supply system is water or antifreeze (the latter option is used in private houses with autonomous heating). It can move through the pipeline in two ways:
- under the influence of the forces of gravity and thermal expansion of the liquid - the heated water rises along the booster pipe, and then moves down the pipes installed with a slope, displacing the cooled water into the boiler;
- under the influence of a special pump that forms the flow of liquid.
Natural circulation Considering how to connect a heating radiator, one should take into account the type of coolant circulation, otherwise there is a risk that the batteries will not warm up well in the gravitational system.
One-pipe wiring
With one-pipe wiring, the heating devices are connected to the system in series, as a result, the hot coolant passes through all the batteries in turn, and then enters the return line, through which it is transported to the boiler.
This option is usually used in apartment buildings as the most economical installation. Moreover, there are two main methods of connection:
- a riser passes through each heated room of the apartment, to which the heating device is connected;
- supply and return pipes are installed in each apartment, and heating devices of all rooms are connected in series to them.
One pipe system In private houses, the radiator outlet is also connected to the inlet of the next heating device, and the outlet of the latter is connected to the return pipe. The disadvantages of serial wiring are:
- Insufficient heating of the last batteries farthest from the boiler. To ensure sufficient heating of the room, it will be necessary to install heating devices with a higher heat transfer due to the increased number of sections or the size of the panels.
- The inability to regulate the heat output of the radiators to create an optimal microclimate for each of the rooms separately.
Two-pipe wiring
The two-pipe wiring option involves connecting the input of the batteries to the supply pipe, and the output to the return. Parallel connection:
- Provides uniform heating of heating devices, regardless of their distance from the boiler.
- It makes it possible to change the heat transfer from each radiator separately using a thermostat, including in automatic mode.
The disadvantages of the two-pipe system include high material consumption - the length of the pipeline is actually doubled. But the financial costs of installation are paid off by simple balancing of the system, ease of use and fuel economy when using thermostats.
Two-pipe system Two-pipe connection is mainly used in private houses, but it can also be found in multi-apartment buildings.
Battery Connection Principles
It will be necessary to decide how to correctly connect the heating battery in the apartment if the supply and return pipes are inserted into it, and the principle of connecting the radiators will have to be chosen by the residents themselves. In Soviet-built multi-storey buildings and in many modern buildings, a one-pipe system with a riser in each room is used - in such a situation there is no need to choose, the battery must be installed according to the standard project.
The connection diagram for heating radiators in a private house is selected in accordance with the preferences of the owners or the decision of the developer, the type of wiring of the heating system. To understand what the advantages and disadvantages of each of the battery connection schemes are, you need to understand how the radiator works.
The design of the radiators is similar, despite the differences in material and appearance. Two parallel collectors (upper and lower), located horizontally, are connected by channels that act as vertical bridges. A heated liquid moves through the channels, giving off thermal energy to the metal body.
How are batteries connected in an apartment building Heaters designed for lateral mounting are equipped with threaded connections at the ends of the manifolds. Two nozzles are used to connect the battery to the pipeline, the remaining two are plugged. Instead of one of the top plugs, a manual air vent is usually installed.
A number of manufacturers offer steel panel radiators that can be conveniently connected to a pipeline hidden under the floor or skirting board. Such heating devices are equipped with two branch pipes with an external thread located in the lower part of the body.
The connection diagram for heating radiators with a two-pipe and one-pipe system is selected taking into account the heating efficiency of the battery case when the coolant moves through its internal channels.
Side connection (one-way)
One-way side connection with top feed... This option is used in apartment buildings, where one radiator is connected to the risers on each floor. The outlet pipe (bottom) is also connected to the supply riser (one-pipe system) or to the return riser (two-pipe system).
Side connection The advantages include compactness. This type of connection has proven itself well for small length heating devices - up to 10 sections. In the case of installing an extended battery, it is necessary to use a special pipe (flow extension), which is inserted into the upper collector and supplies the heated coolant to the distant sections, otherwise they will not warm up and the heating device will not be able to operate at full capacity.
One-way side connection with bottom feed... It is used in one-pipe systems with the supply of the heating agent through the riser from the bottom up. The heated liquid tends to pass through the channels closest to the nozzles, so the far part of the battery does not warm up enough - the power loss of the radiator can exceed 20%. In order for the battery to work in optimal mode, a flow extension is mounted inside the lower collector, which contributes to the supply of heated liquid to the distant channels.
Diagonal connection (crossover)
Diagonal connection with top feed... This option is the most effective, it is this connection scheme that is taken as the basis for calculating the thermal power of batteries with side connection. The supply pipe is connected to the upper branch pipe, and the outlet pipe is connected to the lower one on the opposite side. The coolant enters the upper collector and all the bridging channels, evenly heating the heater body over the entire area.
Diagonal connection Bottom feed diagonal connection... If you connect the supply pipe to the radiator using the lower branch pipe so that the coolant flows diagonally through the heating device from bottom to top, its power will decrease by about 20% relative to the optimal connection option. The coolant rises along the channels closest to the inlet and enters the pipe connected to the upper branch pipe through the collector. As a result, the bottom corner of the battery does not warm up. This option is not recommended due to extremely low efficiency.
Bottom connection, saddle
In private houses, hidden installation of the pipeline is popular - communications are located in the floor or behind the baseboard. Accordingly, the heating batteries are connected from below.
Bottom connection... This term is used to refer to steel panel radiators that are fitted with closely spaced piping connections.
Bottom saddle connection Saddle connection... This version of the radiator connection implies the use of the lower pipes of the standard model with side connection. The advantages include aesthetics - the pipes do not remain in sight. The disadvantage is the loss of thermal power by 10-15% due to the fact that the main part of the coolant moves directly along the lower collector, and only part of the heated liquid rises up through the channels, heating the radiator body.
The intensity of movement of the heated liquid in the absence of a pump is not enough to warm up the radiator, therefore, the installation of heating devices with a bottom or saddle connection is allowed only in systems with forced circulation.
Conclusion
The most correct option for connecting a heating device in a private house is a diagonal with an upper feed. If you correctly select the speed of movement of the coolant in a system with a circulation pump, you can minimize heat loss with the lower connection method. Other types of battery connection in autonomous heating systems are not used so often, since their efficiency is noticeably lower. Lateral connection is practiced in apartment buildings.
In order for an autonomous heating system to work as efficiently and efficiently as possible, it is important not only to choose the right heating devices included in its design, but also to connect them accordingly, using the optimal connection diagrams for heating radiators in a private house.
The comfort of living in the house directly depends on how competently and professionally this will be done, therefore it is best to entrust the calculations and installation of the system to specialists. But, if necessary, you can perform the installation work yourself, paying attention to the following points:
- Correct installation of the wiring.
- The sequence of connection of all elements of the system, including pipelines, shut-off and control valves, boiler and pumping equipment.
- Selection of the optimal heating equipment and components.
Before connecting a heating radiator in a private house, you must familiarize yourself with the following installation and placement standards for these devices:
- The distance from the bottom of the battery to the floor is 10-12 cm.
- The gap from the top of the radiator to the window sill is at least 8-10 cm.
- The distance from the rear panel of the device to the wall is at least 2 cm.
Important: Failure to comply with the above standards can lead to a decrease in the level of heat transfer from heating devices and incorrect operation of the entire heating system.
Another important point that should be taken into account before installing heating radiators in a private house: their location in the premises. It is considered optimal when they installed under windows... In this case, they create additional protection from the cold entering the house through the window openings.
Please note that in rooms with several windows, it is better to install radiators under each of them, connecting them in sequential order. It is also necessary to install several heating sources in corner rooms.
Radiators connected to the system must have an automatic or manual heating control function. For this purpose, they are equipped with special ones designed to select the optimal temperature regime depending on the operating conditions of these devices.
Types of pipe routing
Heating radiators in a private house can be connected by one-pipe or two-pipe scheme.
The first method is widely used in multi-storey buildings, in which hot water is first supplied through the supply pipe to the upper floors, after which, passing through the radiators from top to bottom, it enters the heating boiler, gradually cooling down. Most often, in such a scheme, there is a natural circulation of the coolant.
The photo shows a one-pipe connection diagram with a bypass (jumper) Its main advantages:
- Low cost and material consumption.
- Relative ease of installation.
- Compatible with underfloor heating systems and various types of radiators.
- Possibility of installation in rooms with different layouts.
- Aesthetic appearance due to the use of only one pipe.
Minuses:
- The complexity of hydro and heat calculation.
- The inability to adjust the heat supply on a separate radiator, without affecting the rest.
- High level of heat loss.
- Increased pressure of the heat carrier is required.
Please note: During the operation of a one-pipe heating system, difficulties may arise with the circulation of the coolant through the pipeline. However, they can be solved by installing pumping equipment.
Two-pipe scheme connecting heating batteries in a private house is based on a parallel method of connecting heating devices. That is, the branch supplying the coolant is supplied to the system, in this case it is not connected with the branch through which it returns, but their connection is carried out at the end point of the system.
Advantages:
- Possibility of using automatic temperature controllers.
- Serviceability. If necessary, flaws and mistakes made during installation can be corrected without damaging the system.
Disadvantages:
- Higher cost of installation work.
- Longer installation time in comparison with the one-pipe type of wiring.
Radiator connection options
To know how to properly connect the heating battery, you need to take into account that in addition to the types of piping, there are several schemes for connecting batteries to the heating system. These include the following options for connecting heating radiators in a private house:
- Lateral (one-sided).
In this case, the connection of the outlet and supply pipes is made from one side of the radiator. This method of connection allows you to achieve uniform heating of each section with minimal equipment costs and a small amount of coolant. Most often used in multi-storey buildings with a large number of radiators.
Useful information: If a battery connected to the heating system according to a one-sided scheme has a large number of sections, the efficiency of its heat transfer will significantly decrease due to poor heating of its remote sections. It is better to ensure that the number of sections does not exceed 12 pieces. or use a different connection method.
- Diagonal (cross).
Used when connecting heating devices with a large number of sections to the system. In this case, the supply pipe, as in the previous connection option, is at the top, and the return pipe is at the bottom, but they are located on opposite sides of the radiator. Thus, heating of the maximum area of the battery is achieved, which increases heat transfer and improves the efficiency of heating the room.
- Lower.
This connection scheme, otherwise called "Leningrad", is used in systems with a hidden pipeline laid under the floor. In this case, the connection of the supply and discharge pipes is made to the lower branch pipes of the sections located at opposite ends of the battery.
The disadvantage of this scheme is heat loss, reaching 12-14%, which can be compensated by the installation of air valves designed to remove air from the system and increase the battery power.
For quick dismantling and repair of the radiator, its outlet and supply pipes are equipped with special valves. To adjust the power, it is equipped with a temperature control device that is installed on the supply pipe.
What they have, you can find out from a separate article. In it you will also find a list of popular manufacturing companies.
And about what it is, read another article. Volume calculation, installation.
Tips for choosing a tap water heater. Device, popular models.
Installation
As a rule, the installation of the heating system and the installation of heating radiators are carried out by invited specialists. However, using the listed methods of connecting heating radiators in a private house , you can install the batteries yourself, strictly observing the technological sequence of this process.
If you perform these works accurately and competently, ensuring the tightness of all connections in the system, there will be no problems with it during operation, and installation costs will be minimal.
The photo shows an example of a diagonal installation method The procedure for this will be as follows:
- We dismantle the old radiator (if necessary), having previously blocked the heating main.
- We mark the installation site. The radiators are fixed to brackets that must be attached to the walls, taking into account the regulatory requirements described earlier. This must be taken into account when marking up.
- We fix the brackets.
- We collect the battery. To do this, we install adapters (included with the device) on the mounting holes in it.
Attention: Usually two adapters have a left-hand thread, and two - a right-hand one!
- To plug unused collectors, we also use locking caps. To seal the connections, we use sanitary flax, winding it counterclockwise on the left thread, clockwise on the right thread.
- We fasten the ball valves to the joints with the pipeline.
- We hang the radiator in place and connect it to the pipeline with the obligatory sealing of the joints.
- We carry out pressure testing and trial run of water.
Thus, before connecting a heating battery in a private house, it is necessary to determine the type of wiring in the system and its connection diagram. In this case, installation work can be performed independently, taking into account the established norms and process technology.
How the installation of heating batteries in a private house is carried out will demonstrate to you clearly.
Warmth and comfort in the house is created not only by trusting relationships of households and good upholstered furniture. The main source of this (physically) is actually properly equipped and efficiently working. And this is not only a boiler and pipes, but also the radiators connected to them. It is they who will heat the premises as much as possible, giving off the accumulated heat. It will not work just like that to connect them to pipes - this is a task that requires care and certain knowledge. And the scheme for connecting heating radiators to a common heating circuit may be different. How are they installed You can read in our article.
How is the house heated?
A heating radiator or, as this element of the heating system is called, a battery is a series of sections combined into a single structure, inside which there are cavities filled with water. Liquid is supplied to the radiator through a pipeline from one end of the device - there is a special "nest" there, designed just for the input of hot water. Further, the coolant begins to circulate through the battery, passing through all its sections and heating the metal from which they are made. The heated walls of the device, in turn, begin to give off heat to the external environment, which is the air in the house - this is how the rooms are heated. "About how it works , You can read in our article. "
Cooling down, the coolant that has passed through the sections of the radiator leaves it through another end socket and through the pipeline ("return") returns to the main heat source (boiler), where heating occurs again. The hot water is then sent around the heating system again.
Radiators can be made of various metals - this will largely depend on their ability to retain heat and heat the room.
Table. Types of heating radiators.
| Equipment type | Description |
|---|---|
| Made, as the name implies, from cast iron, used for central heating of premises for various purposes. They have a high thermal power - even a small cast-iron radiator warms up the room well. Such a battery withstands water and corrosion well, and therefore is durable. The cast iron radiator is very durable, but it has a lot of weight, which makes installation difficult. Also, this equipment is quite expensive, but has a high heat capacity. The disadvantage of the device is the tendency of the gaskets between the sections to quickly deteriorate in comparison with the "body" of the battery. Also, over time, a drop in the heat transfer rate is observed in such radiators - this is due to the formation of plaque inside the sections. The equipment must be painted periodically. |
| Radiators made of low-carbon steel, which is not afraid of corrosion, are panel, sectional, tubular. The first view is a panel in the form of a large rectangle, consisting of two sheets of steel welded to each other, between them there are channels through which water moves. Sometimes such a battery can consist of several similar "sheets" connected together. Usually the steel in these devices is treated with powder paint and phosphated. Radiators of this type are afraid of water hammer, the interior is prone to rust. Sectional steel batteries are similar to cast iron, but the sections in them are connected to each other not by threaded elements, but by welding. Tubular steel radiators are the most expensive and have a welded tubular structure. |
| This is the most popular type of batteries today, since they are inexpensive, and aluminum has very good thermal conductivity, due to which high equipment efficiency is achieved. In addition, such radiators are lightweight, compact, have a high operating pressure and a good heat transfer rate. The main disadvantage is the tendency to corrosion, especially if the oxide film covering the metal is broken. It is worth remembering that if the inside of the battery is not covered with a polymer substance, then the taps on the supply pipes cannot be shut off. Aluminum batteries are solid, sectional. |
It is not enough to buy radiators in the store - they still need to be installed correctly. The fact is that if they are connected incorrectly, they will not work. Therefore, you should familiarize yourself with the connection diagrams of this equipment. There are both one-pipe and two-pipe versions of the radiators.
One pipe system
Usually, such a scheme for connecting heating devices is used in multi-storey buildings and is considered the easiest way to combine equipment into a single system. The coolant here will be supplied sequentially to all connected devices, there will be no separation of pipelines into supply and "return" - the circuit is closed and, as it were, encircles the whole house.
The equipment operates according to a one-pipe scheme as follows: hot water flows from a heat source to the batteries, branching in some places. During the passage of the sections of the equipment, the water cools down, giving off heat, and leaves the batteries, falling back into the same pipeline. Reaching the vertical section, it returns to the heater, and then, having accumulated thermal energy, is sent along the second circle.
It is important to know that with such a connection scheme, heat is distributed unevenly through the radiators - the fact is that water as a coolant reaches the last batteries, having already partially lost thermal energy. That is, the further along the circuit the radiators are from the heat source, the more cooled the coolant reaches them.
Attention! The main disadvantage of a one-pipe connection scheme is the inability to adjust the heat level. Therefore, the heat transfer will be the same as it was provided at the stage of project development - equal to the calculated rate.
In a one-pipe system, a sufficiently high pressure must be injected, which is why heating devices wear out faster, and the likelihood of leaks and accidents is quite high.
Two-pipe system
The main difference between this system and the previous one can already be understood by reading its name - here the cooled water from the radiators does not return to the same pipes, but is discharged through a separate pipeline in the opposite direction. Both pipelines are independent of each other. The batteries are connected in parallel. The main advantage of such a connection scheme is that all radiators receive the same amount of heat together with the coolant. It is also possible to adjust the intensity of heat transfer using taps installed at the water inlet to the battery. By the way, the water here is not supplied under pressure - there is no need for this, which means that the number of accidents and leaks is minimal.
Heating radiator prices
heating radiators
Place for installing radiators
It will not work just like that to attach the radiator to the wall - the place where it should be located is selected in accordance with certain rules. And this should be taken into account at the stage of planning the equipment connection.
The fact is that due to the correct location of the batteries in the room, a kind of screen is also created, which will additionally protect the room from the penetration of cold air. Therefore, most often radiators can be seen just under the windows - where the heat loss is maximum.
Important! Before deciding how the radiators will be connected, you should draw up a diagram of their location. This will allow you to correctly identify the mounting distances. Devices should be at a certain distance from the wall - 2 cm, from the floor - 12 cm, from the bottom of the window sill - 10 cm. These standards should not be changed.
Coolant circulation: methods
On a note! The radiator mounts can be adjusted slightly if necessary.
Step 13. Next, the places on the wall are outlined where it is necessary to make grooves for laying pipes into it - they will be laid inside the wall. This is done both at the water inlet and in the outlet, that is, on both sides of the battery.
Step 14. Strobing of marked sections is performed. The radiator can be removed for ease of work.
Step 15. Tubes are being prepared - the mark at which they are cut is applied as shown in the image.
Step 16. The radiator, the faucet are connected with a tube to a soft liner, which is laid in the wall. All connections are tightly twisted. The inlet pipe is connected to the upper point of the radiator, the outlet pipe is connected to the lower one.
Video - Installation of heating radiators
If you study well all the connection diagrams and methods of work, then the installation of the heating system, including radiators, can be done independently. The main thing is to be careful and do everything efficiently. The quality of heating the house will completely depend on the work done correctly.
Many homeowners are not happy with the heating efficiency of their apartment. This issue is especially acute during severe cold weather. Sometimes poor heating is associated with a worn out radiator. In this case, the heating structure is replaced with more efficient and powerful equipment. Today, ceramic radiators, bimetallic, etc. are on sale. But the most reliable and durable are cast-iron models. If the battery is in excellent condition, it is impractical to change it. In this case, you can add sections to the radiator. This article is devoted to how to build up a heating battery.
At the moment, there are several schemes for connecting radiators.
Experts say that an incorrectly chosen scheme can lead to the fact that 50% of the heat will be lost.
If additional sections are connected incorrectly, the system will heat up unevenly. And the slightest mistake, a defect can cause leaks and breakouts. Therefore, it is important to know how to properly connect the heating batteries, and to do the work carefully and carefully.
The methods for connecting radiators are given below:
It should be noted that the series connection of heating radiators is the most reliable and economically viable. The easiest method to implement is to conduct one common channel for supplying the coolant.
What will it take to extend the battery?
Before connecting a heating radiator, you need to calculate how many sections you need to install for more efficient heating of the room. And purchase the required number of additional sections. Better to choose cast iron.
Also, before properly connecting heating radiators, you should prepare all the necessary tools, purchase some materials:
How to connect the battery?
Without understanding how to connect the heating batteries, without knowing the principle of operation of the heating system, it will not work to properly build up the radiator.
Preparatory work
The first step is to carry out preparatory work. This includes removing the radiator. It is necessary to remove the sections that are planned to be increased.
The battery must be cleaned, remove rust, dust and dirt.
Inspect the threaded hole that connected the structure to the pipe. There may be growths here. They must be removed with sandpaper. Otherwise, the intersection gasket will be leaking. And this can lead to the fact that the heating system will leak.
Attaching sections
Further, the sections are connected. The sections to be connected are tightly attached to the battery. Make a gasket. Using a radiator wrench, measure the distance to the nipple. The nipple is inserted into the battery to the marked length. The pipe wrench is used to rotate the radiator wrench. Then the nipple is wrapped in two opposite sections. Make 3 turns with the radiator wrench. Similar actions are done with the bottom of the battery.
Next, paronite gaskets and side plugs are taken and installed in the battery. In this case, a pipe wrench is used. The main thing is to tighten it very tightly to create a reliable, sealed structure. The section is connected to the radiator. The connection of the remaining sections is carried out in the same way.
Fastening the radiator to the wall
After all additional sections are attached, it is carried out. For this, hooks are installed at the level of the battery. The construction is hung up. All joints are fixed with fittings. Tighten with a wrench. All joints are treated with sealant. Recently, special adhesive tapes for pipes have appeared on the market.
Verification work
The resulting structure is inserted into the pipe at one end, and into the battery at the other. The joints are tightened tightly with a wrench. When the installation of the fitting is completed, waterproofing is carried out.
After the assembly of the radiators is completed, the system is inspected for defects. If everything is in order, a test run of the coolant is carried out. The first time the water is started up under reduced pressure. This allows you to detect where the connection is of poor quality and leaks. If leaks are detected, the water is turned off and work begins to eliminate the problem. The second time the coolant is started up under normal pressure.
After it was possible to connect the heating battery, it is necessary to let the radiator work for several hours. And after this time, check the condition of pipes, fittings, batteries.
Which battery connection scheme should I choose?
Since heating radiators can be connected to each other according to different schemes, we will consider which one is more convenient and efficient.
Serial connection of radiators is used most often. Since it provides a high level of reliability. Requires minimal maintenance. The technical costs are low. Up to four batteries can be connected in this way. The heater is connected to the system from below. When sagging radiators, pipes, it is necessary to put spacers.
The only drawback when connecting batteries according to this scheme is large heat losses. When water enters the top of the system, the battery cools down by about 7 degrees. The last radiators to heat the apartment will be worse. The temperature difference between the near and far batteries can reach 18 degrees. Thus, the room will be heated unevenly. But this problem can be solved by installing an additional electric boiler.
Here you will learn how to properly connect a heating battery in an apartment: the best place for radiators, diagrams and connection methods in an apartment building, how to start the heating system.
All residents of apartment buildings are waiting for the start of the heating system with the first cold snaps.
To keep the rooms warm, it is important not only how the centralized heating will work in the new season and what preventive work was carried out in the summer, but also how best to connect the heating radiators in the apartment in order to get 100% heat transfer.
Starting the heating system in a multi-storey building
Turning on the heat supply in high-rise buildings is often troublesome, especially in older buildings. This is due to the fact that preventive measures and inspections often do not reveal hidden threats and violations. Only by letting the coolant through the system under high pressure can you find out how strong and effective it is.
To avoid emergencies, you need to know how to start heating in an apartment building:
- At first, the coolant must be supplied by a pump at low power so that the system fills up gradually, floor by floor.
- Secondly, it should be fed from bottom to top, which will allow it to displace the air that collects in the heating network during the summer "rest". When the water rises slowly, the load on the pipes and radiators is minimal, which increases their service life.
- Thirdly, residual air may need to be vented, which is done by the heating network workers in the attic of the building through special air collectors. It is enough to unscrew the tap and wait until the hissing and whistling stops coming from the pipes. If there is no attic space, then the same procedure is carried out on the top floor of the building using a Mayevsky crane.
- Fourth, it is necessary to drain a little of the coolant while de-airing the pipes, doing this carefully so as not to flood the apartments of the tenants.
The full load on the system is given only after performing these actions. This will protect the pipes from breakthrough and allow the coolant to be evenly distributed over all its elements.
The best place for radiators
In addition to the launch of centralized heating, which the heating network workers do, residents should take care of their "work areas".
In order for the rooms to really be warm, you need to know how to connect a heating battery in an apartment so that it heats it as efficiently as possible.
First, you need to check how correctly the place for the radiators was chosen. Usually, they are mounted under windows, for which there is a logical explanation.
The glazing of the room is its weak "link", since even the highest quality windows are colder than the walls. The air coming from them is heated by batteries located under the windowsill, which reduces heat loss.
It is not enough to install heaters under the window opening, you should understand how to properly connect the heating batteries in the apartment so that their sections heat up evenly.
The norms are specified in SNiP and correspond to:
- The length of the radiator should occupy 70% or more of the area under the windowsill. It is better if this parameter is equal to 90%, then no cold is terrible, and the air from a cold window will warm up almost instantly.
- The distance between the battery and the floor must be at least 6 cm, and under the windowsill - from 5 to 10 cm.
- The heating section should recede from the wall by 2-2.5 cm.
Having fulfilled these conditions, you can check how well the heating connection in the apartment is made. The distribution of heat fluxes will be noticeable by the uniform heating of the room. If there are cold zones in it, then something was done wrong. Perhaps it's not the location, but the wrong battery connection.
Connection diagrams of elements
How is the heating connected in the apartment? If we consider all the ways to connect heating radiators in an apartment building, then the most effective, which most masters adhere to, will be with an upper supply and a lower return (diagonal).
It guarantees 100% efficiency, since heating occurs most evenly and with full heat transfer, but it also has a number of disadvantages:
- The coolant has practically no resistance on the way, which allows it to pass through the system as quickly as possible, without having time to give up its heat. To reduce heat loss, it is necessary to install heaters with 10 or more elements.
- Pipes do not look too aesthetically pleasing embedded in a vertical riser.
Otherwise, this is a fairly effective and popular way of connecting batteries.
Installation of heating radiators in an apartment with a one-way connection also has good performance, but they are slightly lower - 97%. With this method, the pipe supplying the coolant and its outlet is connected to one side of the battery. Not a bad method, but more often applicable for small structures.
With a one-sided connection, the number of sections in the radiators is limited. If heating of a large area is required, then another method can be used.
The most unprofitable is the bottom connection, when the supply pipe and return line go from the bottom of the battery. This type of connection is used when it is necessary to "hide" pipes in the floor, but it should be borne in mind that heat losses can reach 15%.
These are the main ways to connect heating radiators in an apartment:
A two-pipe connection is considered the best, since the supply of the coolant and its removal are made by different pipes. With it, a parallel connection is carried out, which distributes water as efficiently as possible through the system, evenly heating it.
The two-pipe connection scheme allows you to regulate the level of heat transfer using a special valve installed in front of the battery.
How to properly connect the heating battery in the apartment?
To know how to connect heating radiators in an apartment, you should follow some of the tips that experts give to beginners:
- At the places where the radiators are connected, it is necessary to install shut-off and regulating devices. This will allow the system to be balanced and will allow the section to be removed for flushing or replacement if necessary.
- Purchase ready-made radiator kits with suitable fittings.
- To prevent air from accumulating in the system, you need to install the batteries at a slight slope opposite to the Mayevsky crane.
Summing up, we can conclude that one-way connection is most effective for small batteries, while a diagonal circuit is more suitable for long segments. Here's how to properly connect a heating radiator in an apartment in order to get maximum comfort.