Drainage without drainage pipe. How to perform styling drainage pipes on the site? Materials that are needed to lay a closed system

The most effective way to protect the foundation of the private house from the destructive effects of ground and stormwater is a high-quality drainage system. Which is especially important when water accumulated in the upper layers of the soil, as it can provoke flooding of the basement or basement, moisturizing and deformation of the walls, as well as the occurrence of fungal formations. The article we will talk about how to lay drainage pipes.

Pipes for the drainage system, which are installed throughout the perimeter of the site, allow you to create a high-quality drainage. After all, the danger of flooding carry not only soil waters, but also flood. Damage can also apply atmospheric precipitates exceeding permissible norms.

Drainage tube photo

In contrast to the waterproofing of the foundation, the drainage system can be laid after the construction of the house, if there are grounds for this. But with certain conditions, the installation is better to produce at the initial stage of construction. For this, the following foundations are needed:

• the hollow location of the site contributing to significant cluster of water;
• clay and loamy soils that have weak water pipeline characteristics;
• statistics exceeding the level of precipitation characteristic of the area in which the structure is located;
• increased level of groundwater (less than 1.5 meters to the surface of the soil).

In addition, it is worth focusing on the depth of the rest of the buildings on the site. The presence of a bellped foundation next to the main building, not only prevents the natural outflow of groundwater, but also contributes to their accumulation, thereby reinforcing the risk of flooding. Barrier for the free circulation of water are concrete gestures and asphalt coating on the site. In a similar case, the connection of stormwater drapes is considered competent with the main drainage system.

Prevent the consequences of changing the level of groundwater and the accumulation of moisture in the soil around the structure will allow laying of the drainage tube.

Types of drainage systems

There are two main options for designing a drainage system:

• Open (superficial) - Used to remove excess moisture arising from the accumulation of precipitation or melt waters. Open drainage system is represented as a dance and tranches.
• Closed (deep) - The laying uses pipes with perforation, which are laid on a certain depth in a pre-prepared trench. The main function is the removal of groundwater and the protection of the foundation of the house.

Materials required for laying a closed drainage system

The process of installing the drainage system is quite laborious and requires solid preparation. Of the bulk building materials you will need:

• Sand. In drainage works mainly used river sand. Its main function is to create a filtration pillow around the drainage pipe.
• Crusheden. To improve the system, you will need a medium and large fraction. The appointment of rubble is to form a stable layer to prevent the penetration of dirt and large parts of the soil. In addition, crushed stone prevents excessive soil pressure on the corrugated pipe.

Main materials:

• drainage pumps. Apply only in the case of a significant flooding of the groundwater section. Contribute to mechanical drainage;
• drainage pipes. With their help, the main system of drainage is formed. The amount and diameter depends on the complexity of the layout scheme. Most often, plastic pipes are used for drainage;
• geotextiles - Protects the drainage pipe from the contamination with the soil. As a rule, phlizelin or Dornit is applied. In addition to the strength of both types of textiles have a filtering ability;
• sedaning clutches - It is necessary for fixing the drainage pipes.

As a rule, the drainage system needs periodic cleaning, for this, viewing wells are installed at its perimeter. And the collector well is mounted for collecting water into the system.

Choosing drainage pipes

Before starting installing a drainage system, special attention should be paid to the choice of pipes for work. The first thing to be taken into account is to use in the arrangement of the pipe drainage system with perforation. The second is the diameter and the presence of holes for moisture outflow and air exchange. And no less important point is the material from which the pipes are made.

Currently, the following types of pipes are presented in the building materials market:

• asbestos-cement;
• ceramic;
• from polymeric materials.

Polymer drainage pipes are most popular in the arrangement of the drainage system. Their advantage over other species are as follows.

• A long period of operation is up to 70 years.
• High durability.
• Resistance to corrosion processes and exposure to the aggressive medium.
• Reduced weight indicators that simplify the process of transportation and installation.
• Ability to self-cleaning, thanks to a smooth surface.
• Saving resistance.
• Value for money.
• Easy service. Thanks to the geotextile filter, the system does not need flushing.

Drainage pipe diameter:

• up to 150 mm - for a drainage system that removes a small amount of water;
• up to 300 mm - for high load systems.

For an extensive drainage system, pipes and small (for branches) and large diameter (for the main branch of the system) will be needed.

Plastic drainage pipes

Polymer pipes, which, as a rule, are used to lay drainage systems, are performed from PVC, polypropylene or polyethylene and are presented with the following types:

• single-layer or two-layer. The choice of the number of layers depends on the density of the soil;
• flexible and hard. Rigid pipes are applicable for simple drainage schemes, while flexible allow you to create a complex branching around the site;
• pipes with filter sheath or without. As a rule, drainage pipes already have holes along the entire length. But if there are no special holes in the acquired material - they can be made independently with a drill and a thin drill;
• corrugated or smooth.

As for the coating of Geecan, then as a rule, the construction materials market are presented samples already covered with filter textiles. When buying pipes without coating, their surface can be wrapped independently, fixing the material with a rope or thin wire around the perimeter of the pipe.

Drainage pipe design

Before starting work on the installation of a drainage system, it is necessary to pre-draw a plan-scheme by its location on the site.

• This requires to take into account the type of soil and height of groundwater. The most commonly used branched scheme, on the junctions of which the viewing wells are installed.
• The distance between the branches directly depends on the type of soil. For clay soil, it is 10 meters, for a sublinous - 20 meters, with a sandy soil type - 45 meters.

Laying drainage pipes with their own hands

First you need to determine the installation site of the drainage system. There are only two accommodation options:

• "Wailed" drainage - passes only near the foundation of the house and prevents moisture to get directly into the building itself;

• the drainage system placed around the entire perimeter of the site - protects not only the base of the building, but also other economic buildings and plantations located on the territory.

Stages of work

• The first step will be the markup of the area under the placement of drainage datals. To facilitate the process, you can use a special laser rangefinder. Special attention should be paid to the places of deposit of moisture after the rain - this means that water exchange is difficult in this area due to the density of the soil or the presence of obstacles.
• Trench. The deepening under the drainage trench must be carried out taking into account the height drops. The main task of the prepared ditch system is the rapid and unimpeded outflow of water.

Tip: During work, you can use the filling hose, running a certain amount of water - make sure that water is not accumulated in separate parts of the trench.

• Before installing drainage pipes, the bottom of the trench must be carefully tumped. Then, any filter material is stacked, while its ends should go beyond the trenches. Following the river sand and crushed stone, first large, then the average fraction, with a thickness of no more than 20 cm.
• Drainage pipes are cut according to the sizes of the circuit, with the help of an electric bike or a special device - pipe cut. Next, you should start laying pipes, connecting joints with fittings. So that the connection site is durable, it is necessary to make the details of the parts after the preheating of the docking sections.
• Pipes need to be carefully wrapped with geotextiles, consolidating the place of the joints with a rope or thin wire. The choice of such a material is not accidental, since it should pass water out of perforation. In addition to the bandwidth, the function of geotextiles includes protection of perforation holes of pipes from clogging.

• Stacking pipes must be performed under a slope, attaching ends to viewing wells. In the system you can use two kinds of wells: hermetic, allowing to use the assembled water for technical purposes and absorbing - water will leave back to the soil. The bias of drainage pipes depends on its diameter than it is more, the smaller the inclination is necessary.
• The next step in the installation of drainage pipes will be dumping the rubble and sand surface. After that, the design is wrapped in the surface of the filtering material on the surface and falls asleep with the soil layer.

Drainage pipes video

Drainage system maintenance

In the arrangement of the area of \u200b\u200bthe system of drainage, not only well-thought-out and high-quality installation is important, but also compliance with the rules of operation. What will extend the period of operation of the system for the longer possible time.

Approximately once every four years, it is necessary to inspect the condition of the pipes and wells, as prevention. In addition, once every two years it is worth measuring the level of water in wells, its significant change may indicate the following factors:

• damage to the integrity of the pipe;
• the formation of a dense blockage;
• the rise of or strong deposits on the entire surface of the pipe;
• partial sediment of the pipeline due to the movement of the soil.

In order to avoid such problems, it is necessary to inspect the drainage and its cleaning from various kinds of pollution.

Errors in the strip of drainage pipe

Drainage efficiency directly depends on the quality of the installation. Any violations in the course of work, contribute to the decline in the system. At best, you can repair a damaged area, at worst - you will have to completely reinstall the drainage.

The most common mistakes include:

• selection of the pipeline system excluding the quality of the soil. For example: on loamy soil it is not recommended to use pipes without filtering system;
• disorders associated with the change or absence of an angle of inclination of the drainage system;
• initially, the option of removal of water from the well is not provided;
• the technology of arrangement of drainage pipes is not observed - the installation is made without filtering crushed stone and sand swelling;
• lack of geotextiles and filtering material;
• poor-quality spike of pipes;
• no perforation.

Selecting the type of drainage system, it is necessary to be based on the features of the location of the site and the quality of the soil. To independently arrange drainage, it is necessary to plan the drainage layout scheme in advance. When choosing materials, preference should be given the most practical and durable. This include plastic corrugated pipes with perforation. Observing all stages of laying a drainage system, you can get a high-quality drainage system. In addition, drainage guarantees the protection of the basement or basement of the house from the harmful effects of groundwater.

The drainage system is needed for removal of water and precipitation on the site. Drainage works due to an extended pipeline by which the fluid is sent to the ground or discharge location. It is important to know how to install the system correctly, and what pipe to choose for installation.

Drainage pipes have their own characteristics. Select special products with multiple holes. Thanks to them, water falls into the drain and absorbed into the ground.

Pipes for drainage:

• Asbestos-cement;
• Ceramic;
• Plastic.

Most often used plastic pipes. This choice contributes to a number of reasons. So the polymer is distinguished by a low weight, as it is easier asbestoscent and ceramics. It is easier to carry out installation work. In addition, this material is quite durable and inexpensive.

Asbestos cement and ceramics are now used less often. These are heavy and complex in the installation of the product. Metal for drainage is not used through active corrosion processes in the ground.

Plastic popularity is caused by other advantages. So the polymer refers to durable materials. It is resistant to corrosion and other aggressive processes. It will delight and pass the ability of pipes, they are absolutely smooth and practically not clogged.

Il also can not climb plastic pipes. If the drain is wrapped with geotextiles, then small garbage does not score holes. Groundwater easily penetrate the drainage system. At the same time, a large selection of pipes of different sizes is presented on the market. This allows you to fully equip the drainage system.

Plastic easy to care. Operation involves periodic inspection of pipes. Once a year it may be necessary to clean the system.

Requirements for the drainage pipe

Drainage is widely used in areas with a high level of groundwater. Dranes are mounted below the level of groundwater. The product material itself should be durable, stability and smoothness. The liquid should easily pass along the pipes under high pressure.

The strength of the pipes should be such in order to withstand the weight of the soil and its possible offset.

To reduce the possibility of rainfall, the system is equipped with rain-seekers. At the same time, the drains have a surface setup. Further, the system is connected to the shared channel of removal of fluid.

Requirements for drainage pipes:

• Resistance to low temperatures;
• Maximum smoothness of the inner walls.

The rain-seeker should not be deformed when exposed to low temperatures. If required, system insulation is used. Good pipe patency is needed that the possible garbage is easy to pass by drains. In this case, the system must be equipped with filter elements.

Drainage

The bias of pipes affect their size. The diameter should not be too large, otherwise there will be a large outflow of water. And this in turn will lead to or strong drifts. So the pipeline quickly clog out, and it will be necessary to carry out emergency cleaning.

The diameter has a connection with the bias of pipes. The smaller the size, the greater the slope.

But if you choose a small slope, then the water in the channel will begin to stifter. Water will be bad and overwhelmed pipes. The bias is indicated by fractional numbers. The number 0.008 denotes an 8 mm drop of 1 m.

Required pipes for pipes:

• 0.003 Used for ditch removal of water and asphalt road;
• 0.004 - with a chubneous coating or styling paving;
• 0.005 - when coating the road with a cobblestone.

When the pipe diameter is 90 and 110 mm, then the optimal bias is 0.02. With a diameter of 160 mm, an indicator is 0.008. If the cross section has 200 mm, then the bias is 0.007.

Elements of drainage pipes with each other

Drainage pipes are connected using special fittings. The drainage device can be represented by two systems: open and closed. In the first embodiment, it provides a set of danguas and trenches for water removal. The second system has an underground laying of pipes, where elements between them are connected by fittings.

Types of fittings for drainage pipes:

• Universal;
• Plugs;
• Universal tee;
• Swivel tee;
• Transitional coupling;
• Cross;
• Transition tee.

The pipe connection is possible due to the protruding part on the ends of the pipes. The sewage gasket is performed by the shaped parts of the plastic. These items are well sealed and perfectly passed fluid.

Cross can connect 4 pipes at once. The coupling combines 2 pipes, both the same size and different.

Fittings have many advantages of use. Made lightness, flexibility, tightness. The coupling weigh little, so they do not lose the system. In this case, the variety of connecting elements allows you to make various wiring. Working with fittings is simply, all processes are easily performed with your own hands. At the same time, put pipes on an uneven surface.

The tee is used to fasten several drainage branches. You can also connect the pipe to the well. You can create a solid system on the large plot. The transition tee is used for pipes of different sizes. The turning option will allow you to mount the drainage system by the title "Christmas tree".

Surface Laying of Drainage Pipes

Works include creating a plan with pipe wiring. Given the placement of DRera and other elements of water removal. At the same time take into account the bias of pipes. Surface laying of pipes implies the installation of the drain on the finished surfaces.

Stages of laying surface drainage:

1. Defined with a disset location. This information is taken into account when planning. The laying depth is determined below the level of lability of the Earth. As viced, this indicator is 60-80 cm.
2. Pipes should be connected to sands. This is a kind of liquid filtering.
3. During the arrangement of a wounded runoff, they equip rain-seekers. Rainwater immediately goes into the ground.
4. Further digging a ditch. The bottom should be tamped and put rubble.
5. Then set the details of the drainage. Provide holes for the pipeline. The end elements must be equipped with plugs. Pipes are fixed using a concrete-sand solution. Installation starts from a discharge location. The joints of the joints should be well selected.
6. Then make the heel from concrete and restore the exercise.
7. Then check the performance of the drainage system. When everything looks and functions well, the system is closed with lattices.

Operation includes periodic cleaning of sandwokers and a rain-seeker. In this case, the lattices are removed and the holes are washed with water pressure. Sedips can be used for business purposes. Groundwater use for personal needs is prohibited, there is another composition.

Laying perforated drainage pipes with geotextiles

Before laying, settlement works and buy the necessary material. Design includes data collection. Provide them will be able to local land of land resources.

Required design data:

• Groundwater level for each season;
• The properties of the soil and its structure;
• Number of atmospheric precipitation.

These calculations will allow to determine the depth of the pipes. The material for the gasket is the perforated plastic tube. To prevent clogging drain, they are wrapped with geotextiles.

Installation of drainage with perforated pipes and geotextiles:

1. First place the territory, focusing on the layout scheme. Then dig a trench. The depth is determined when designing, and the width is equal to the pipe plus 40 cm. Also take into account the slope of pipes.
2. The bottom of the crushed stone and sand is placed on the bottom. It is enough to 10 cm of sand, which will have to ravibly. Then add 20 cm rubble.
3. Next, mounted pipes wrapped by the web. The elements are connected with special couplings.
4. It should be additionally verified in the correctness of the liner with a stretched cord.
5. Turns are installed inspection wells. They allow you to control and clean the system.
6. Then you will need to bury the trenches. First, the crushed stone falls asleep, then the sand, and then dug up earlier.

Water removal occurs in an open reservoir or sewer. But the end of the pipeline is necessarily equipped with a check valve. Alternative to him serves as a premium well. When it is filled, then the fluid should be output.

During the laying, some difficulties may arise. They are associated with widespread errors: insufficient depth, incorrectly selected pipes, disturbed slope.

Make the installation on your own quite real. The design is better to entrust professionals. In other works, instructions should be followed and correcting the calculations.

Installation of drainage pipes (video)

The principle of operation of the drainage is to install pipes under a slope, thanks to which the water is returned from the site. It is important to determine the size of the pipes correctly. The process of laying has many nuances and features, but in general there are no difficulties.

Drainage will protect the underground part of the house from the inevitable destruction, the roots of the plant will save the roots of the plants from rotting, will save from stagnant puddles. Numerous advantages are somewhat leveled by the price, the size of which is justified by conducting a large amount of work. However, you can fully or partially perform them, agree?

We will tell how the drainage tube is put on with their own hands, which components of the system still need to be installed. Wishing to independently make drainage we offer reliable information about the principles and rules of its structure. The information presented to your attention is based on regulatory requirements.

The article describes in detail the varieties of the drainage system. The technology of the organization is presented, recommendations on the selection of pipes and related materials are given to ensure the removal of groundwater. A selection of photos and video guides are applied to help interested visitors.

Drainage is an expensive system, even if you do not have to pay for the services of specialists and the owner of the site is ready to fulfill all the work independently. Therefore, it should be understood as much as it is necessary.

The need for a system cannot be determined "on the eye", because groundwater can be filled close to the surface, which becomes a real problem only during floods or heavy rains.

Gallery of images

In linear versions, it is necessary if you need to dry the zones around buildings, tracks, entrances, to refide the local area or take an extra moisture from the garden.

Such drainages are shallow ditch, where water flows, and then moved to special receiving tanks, storm sewers or to the discharge site outside the site.

The choice and features of the installation of elements of drainage systems depends on the intended load on the system: the density of the soil, the amount of water that enters the drain. If the load is too large, it is worth choosing structures from the most durable materials.

Spotwood water collectors also definitely calculate and design in advance. They serve for local water collection, but are connected to a similar linear channel system or pipes.

According to the specified drainage channels, the assembled water is in the same way output to the collector well and further in, a wastewater or pond. Therefore, work on the system of systems with point water acceptors is not much different from systems with linear options.

Open systems are very easy to perform and cheap, however, they spoil the landscape in non-psychic appearance. Another minus - the walls of the canvas have to constantly correct, because They seek under the influence of moisture, and the system ceases to perform its functions (water is stored at the bottom of the trenche and does not move to the discharge place).

When planning drainage, determine the type of system. It is necessary to think about whether it will be open or closed. In the first case, digs are digging with oblique walls for the convenience of water drain. The width of such a trench is usually 0.5 m, and it is digging to a depth of 0.7 m (+)

To solve the problem of sprinkling the walls of the ditch, you can use the crushes swelling method: the material of the large fraction is placed on the bottom, and on top of the shallow, after which the entire drainage pillow is covered with turden.

This option allows not to line and not strengthen the walls of tranches, but it is suitable for sites with a relatively small humidity, because The bandwidth of the ditch is greatly reduced.

The use of polymer and concrete trays in the construction of an open drainage significantly facilitates and speeds up work. In order to improve the landscape and protecting systems from clogging, such open systems are closed with cast-iron lattices.

For arrangement, special perforated pipes are used - drain, laid on the depth of the foundation. They are laid in pre-formed ditches, fall asleep with excellent filtering properties, gravel, small rubble or GPS.

To control the operation of the system and periodic cleaning are established. They have them on each turn and after 20-25 m of the linear route of the drainage pipeline.

Gallery of images

Drainage systems are laid not only for removal of groundwater, but also for its uniform distribution, for example, in areas with a slope

Close to the surface suite systems intended for drying the soil. The depth of their embezzlement does not exceed 40 cm

Normalization of humidity in the soil-vegetable layer does not require the flow of the system to depth below the standard growth of the root system of cultivated plants

The drainage of the site for the drainage of the soil and vegetable layer is suitable in case under the PR, the loams or soup are opened. Breeds with low filtration properties do not let the water and contribute to the lengthy stagnation in the soil

The easiest variant of the drainage intended for the drainage of the soil and vegetable layer is to banal replacement of the soil on a high filtration breed (gravel, crushed stone). In such cases, the drain bookmark is optional

The drainage pipe is made significantly below, if you need to protect underground soil water facilities

The drainage system for the protection of the foundation is arranged by 20-30 cm below the depth of the base laying. So it is necessary that the drain completely collecting groundwater and prevented the capillary subsoil

With a drainage system designed to protect the foundation from groundwater, it should be remembered that in addition to it, the base of the house needs reliable waterproofing

Drainage system for stabilization of soil moisture

Surface drainage system

Drainage for draining the cultivated area

Drainage contour for lawn arrangement

The easiest version of the surface drainage

Drainage to protect underground structures

Drainage depth for foundation

Waterproofing in the add-on to the drainage device

Determining how to properly put the drainage tube to protect the plants from excess moisture, you can use average values. As a rule, the optimal depth is 0.6-1.5 m.

Moreover, for flower beds, lawns, it does not exceed 0.9 m, and to protect the rhizomes of trees, you need to dig up the most deeply trenches, especially if the site is located on peat soils.

Types and parameters for selecting drainage pipes

Of all the materials for the manufacture of pipes, polymers are most popular. Their indisputable advantages are durability, chemical resistance and smooth inner walls that dirt does not stick. Storm and soil waters flow into the pipeline and move freely to the waters of gravity.

In the underground drainage device, plastic tubes with factory or homemade perforation are most often used. Less often apply pipes from ceramics or cast iron, too heavy for independently laying

The drainage system collected from modern materials is capable of serve until half a century. The main thing is to mount it correctly, on time to carry out technical inspections and not ignore the need for repairs.

Another advantage of polymers is a relatively low cost, because Ready drainage is obtained inexpensive, practical and durable.

When choosing drainage pipes, it is better to give preference to two-layer products with rigidity ribs. Due to the uniform load distribution, the pipeline serves as long and more reliable. Plastic drainage pipes do not rust, do not rot and prevent the formation of the sediment on the walls (+)

Excellent solution - a pipe in a shell of geotextiles. External material filters water, holding up dirt. Thanks to this, pipelines are not styled.

Alternative to the drainage pipes of factory production - ordinary sewer. Of these, you can easily make the drainage components with their own hands. For this, it is enough to simply drill holes in products, and on top to wrap them with geotextile cloth.

In addition to the perforated drainage pipe for the device of a closed system, viewing and swivel drainage wells will be required, a collector well, geotextile and crushed stone or a similar falling material with high filtering properties.

If a local drainage system is required, it is possible to do with pipes with a diameter of 100-200 mm, and if you need to remove moisture from a large area or water too much, it is better to choose products with a diameter of 300-400 mm. The optimal choice is a special drainage tube with a filter sheath.

Technology laying pipelines

Under the drainage arrangement, the relief of the area has a fundamental importance. The system should be built so that there are no problems with the outflow of fluid in the ditches. If there are no results of geodesic studies, you should independently draw up a scheme, marking places where rainwater merges.

When creating a scheme, you need to take care, because Errors will lead to the fact that drainage will be ineffective. On the finished drawing, it is planned, how to pave and tilt the drainage pipe and where to install water collectors. After checking the data, mark the markup on the ground and proceed to the work.

Gallery of images

For stacking drainage pipes we develop a trench. Its depth is 30-50 cm below the base sole

After the mechanical development of the trench, we refine the bottom with the link to the slope towards the removal of the assembled system of groundwater: collector or absorbing well

The bottom of the trench is smelling a layer of career sand at 10 cm and the trambam to obtain a dense base under the drainage tube

Drainage pipe is wrapped with geotextiles. Ideally, a nonwoven canvas to put in a trench, filled with gravel, to put DRET, after which wrap the material

Drainage pipe with adherence to the luminary bottom laying to the place of installation of the absorbing well

Of the two concrete rings we collect the absorbing well - the discharge point without a hermetic bottom, instead of which the soil filter is arranged in it, driving water into the underlying ground

Often ground and stormwater destructively affect the foundation of the construction. There were cases when the moisture was accumulated in large quantities in the upper parts of the soil, which led to the flooding of the basement or the ground floor, dampness and deformation of the walls, the appearance of fungus on them. Effective way to protect the foundation from such unpleasant consequences - Laying the drainage pipe.

Causes of the drainage system

If the pipes are located along the perimeter of the land, you can build a reliable drainage. It is known that ground and flooded water, as well as atmospheric precipitations, which have fallen in an amount exceeding the monthly rate, are a serious danger to the foundation of private housing.

Most often, the lap drainage tubes is carried out before the construction of the house. But it happens that after the end of construction work, there are serious grounds for waterproofing the foundation. Then, under special conditions, you can prepare drainage.

Consider the situation when the pipes are mounted at the beginning of construction, but under concrete grounds:

• high level of groundwater placement - less than one and a half meters to the surface of the Earth;
• the field of the slope of the area contributing to the regular accumulation of moisture;
• the presence of clay and sublinous soil with low water pipeline characteristics;
• the construction is located in the area in which the statistics exceeded the level of monthly precipitation.

Also playing the depth of construction of other structures at the local area. If there is a bloat foundation next to the main building, the underground waters will not be able to leave freely and constantly accumulate under the house, increasing the risk of its flooding. As a barrier for natural circulation of wastewater, asphalt and celestation from concrete are performed on the site. In this case, it will be correct to connect the rave waste with the central system.

The installation of the drainage pipe eliminates the damage caused by the foundation from the accumulation of moisture in the ground around the housing and changing the sewage level.

Varieties drainage schemes

There are such options for their preparation:

• open (superficial);
• closed (deep).

The first view is open when removing excess fluid, which has accumulated in the soil from atmospheric precipitation. Such a drainage system is represented by trenches and Rips.

The second is designed to remove groundwater and prevent the foundation of the construction of destruction. For this purpose, laying a drainage pipe into a channel of a particular depth. Moreover, the pipe product must be perforated.

Arrangement of a closed system

Before proceeding with this time-consuming procedure, it is necessary to prepare and acquire bulk building materials:

• The crushed stone of a medium / large fraction, which is needed to obtain a stable layer that prevents the ingress of dirt and volume fragments of the soil into the system. And also this material protects the corrugated pipe from the increased pressure of the layer of the Earth.
• River sand that creates a filtration pillow.

In addition to bulk substances, use:

• Drainage pipes forming the drainage system itself. Depending on the design of the project, the diameter and the number of pipe products are selected. Recently, PVC products have become relevant.
• Drainage pumps providing mechanical drainage. They are used when the site is serious damage due to the flooding underground runoff. See also: "".
• Durable geotextile protecting the pipe from the ground and having filtering properties. When laying drainage pipes with geotextiles, its varieties are used: Dorenit and Flizelin.
• Connecting couplings, fastening pipes.

In order to regularly clean the drainage system around the perimeter, viewing wells are mounted, and for collecting fluid - collector.

How to choose drainage pipes

Before installing a drainage tube, you need to decide on product products.

It is important to take into account such nuances:

1. In the preparation of the drainage system, use perforated pipes.
2. Competently determine the required amount of holes and their diameter for fluid yield and air exchange. The priority value in the overall business of the drainage system has pipe material. See also: "".

Today, the market for construction materials is replete with pipe products from:

• ceramics;
• asbestos cement;
• polymers.

In the arrangement of the drainage system, the drainage pipes from polymers achieved a peak of popularity.

Favorable use in comparison with other species is the presence of excellent technical characteristics:

• excellent strength;
• duration of application - up to 70 years;
• stranger resistance;
• ease and, accordingly, simplifying the installation and transportation process;
• resistance to the aggression of the chemical medium and corrosion processes;
• the possibilities of self-cleaning due to the smoothness of the surface of the pipes;
• in a profitable combination: quality - price;
• easily maintenance, because thanks to a geotextile filter, an incomplete of pipes, the drainage system does not need to be rinsed.

According to dimensions, drainage pipes are classified for small and large:

• up to 150 mm- for a system with low bandwidth;
• up to 300 mm with increased load.

If the drainage scheme has a branched form, it is better to use small pipe products (for branches) and a large diameter (for the central branch of the system).

Drainage pipes made of plastic

All polymeric products that are used to mount drainage systems are made of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.

In addition, they happen:

• Single / two-layer, the number of layers is administered in proportion to the value of the soil density.
• Flexible / hard. The first were used in complex branched schemes in the area, the second - in simple drainage projects.
• With filter shell / without it. Most often, in drainage pipes there is a series of holes along the entire length. If they are not, then, using a drill and a thin drill, you can make holes yourself.
• Corrugated / smooth. In the building materials market, you can buy pipes, on the surface of which there is a filtering coating - geeking. If it is missing, then textile wrapping along the perimeter of the pipe can be performed independently, using the grain material to fix it - thin wire or rope. See also: "".

Project laying pipes

The installation work of the drainage system is started with the preliminary compilation of the plan-scheme for its placement on a specific territory. At the same time, the type of soil and the height of the groundwater is taken into account. Most often used the branched scheme with the installation of viewing wells at the junctions.

According to the soil type, the distance between the branches is selected. So, for clay soil, it will be 10 m, a thin -20 m, sand -45 m.

Self installation

Laying drainage pipes with their own hands begins with the specification of the place of installation.

Accommodation can be performed in two versions:

1. "Warning" drainage system, which is installed around the perimeter of the foundation of the private building and protects it from moisture ingress.
2. Drainage around the perimeter of the entire local area, allowing to protect both the building of the building, and all economic structures, and green plantings.

Sequence of installation work:

1. Place the area where drainage drangies will be. With the help of a laser rangefinder, you can significantly facilitate starting actions. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the accumulated surplus of water after the rain, which clearly demonstrate the complexity of water exchange due to the increased density of the soil or existing barriers. See also: "".
2. Prepare a drainage trench taking into account sizes. The recess will be needed for the rapid and unimpeded outflow of water. In the process of work, you can apply a filling hose. Having gained a little water into the trench, you can see how easily the fluid is from the recess along the entire length of the trench.
3. Before installing a drainage tube with your own hands, you need to diligently take the bottom of the trench. Then lay the filter material, the ends of which must be extinguished beyond the boundaries of the RVA. Top with river sand and crushed stone of various fractions, but in a certain sequence: large and then medium. The thickness of the rubble should not exceed 20 cm.
4. Using a pipe cut or an electric bike, cut drainage according to the parameters of the circuit. Run laying of pipe products and connect joint fittings. For the reliability of the connection pre-heat the docking sections.
5. Then to wrap the pipes with geotextiles, firmly fasten with a thin wire or rope of the junction. It is necessary to understand in advance how to lay a drainage tube in geotextile, since this is one of the responsible points of installation work. An excellent bandwidth of this material allows you to adsorb the fluid extending from perforation. And also Geeking protects perforation holes of the pipes from contamination.
6. Drainage must be placed under the tilt, connecting the ends of the pipe and viewing wells. The latter can be used two species: sealed when the water will be used for technical needs, and absorbing - the assembled fluid will return back to the ground. The bias of drainage products are directly related to their diameter, and the size is greater, the tilt is needed less.
7. Complete installation work it is necessary to smell rubble and sand. Next, the design is wrapped with a filtering material lying on top and pour the layer of land. Here are the main stages of the procedure - how to put the drainage tube with your own hands.

Operation of the drainage system

When arranging the drainage system, you need to think over everything to the smallest detail, to install efficiently, comply with the basic rules of operation. Thus, the term of operation of the drainage system will be significantly extended.

As prevention, a mandatory inspection of the technical condition of drainage and wells is required - approximately every 4 years. Measurement of the fluid level in viewing wells must be performed once every 2 years.

Even a small deviation of this parameter from the norm says about:

• violation of the integrity of the pipe product;
• dense clogging;
• deposits of il on the surface of the products;
• partial strain of the pipeline due to the movement of the soil.

Such problems can be prevented if it is possible to inspect the drainage and clean it from various garbage.

Possible errors when installing drainage

Mounting quality and efficiency of the drainage system are interconnected. Any flaws during operation can output a system that will lead to a plot repair or a complete reinstalling of drainage. Therefore, add a topical topic: installation of the drainage pipe: how to lay competently.

The most common installation errors:

• the pipeline system was chosen without taking into account the state of the soil;
• the angle of inclination is changed or missing;
• at the initial stages, it was not planned to remove water from the wells;
• there is no geotextile or filter material;
• pipes soldiers are unfair;
• not complied with the process of system arrangement - installation was carried out without sanding of sand / rubble;
• there is no perforation.

Knowing how to properly put the drainage tube taking into account the peculiarities of the placement of the site, the state of the soil; Prepare the laying plan and step by step by observing the installation instructions, you can achieve a high-quality drainage system. And this means that the basement and the basement of your construction will be reliably protected from the negative impact of wastewater.

Building home - events responsible and very expensive. Naturally, it would like to any owner that the building erected as long as possible. And for this it is necessary to protect the foundation of the house from the destructive action of soil water, that is, to build drainage. Consider how the drainage pipes are styled with their own hands, what materials are used for this, and which nuances need to be considered when performing this work.

The construction of drainage many seems like an optional event. In fact, protection against soil waters is very important. Properly built drainage helps to avoid dampness in the basement and prevent the destruction of materials from which the foundation of the house is built.

In addition, the drainage device may be needed on a nursery or in the country, if highly located water interfere with the growth of trees and shrubs. Consider the main points of the structure of drainage systems.

What is drainage?

Before describing the construction technology, it is worth understanding what drainage is and in what cases its construction is necessary. So, drainage is a pipe system that is used to drive soil water from the foundation of the building, as well as to dry out the site. In what cases do you need to build drainage?

• If a building is built, which will have a basement.
• If the site is initially wetted, or it is heavy and poorly passing soils.
• If you plan to make changes to the natural relief of the site - to make the leveling of sites, build artificial hills, etc.

Where to begin?

First of all, it is necessary to find out how the soil waters are deeply located. This can be done by studying the water level in nearby wells. Well, which is pulled to a depth of 5-15 meters, is filled just to the level of groundwater. In addition, in the footsteps on the concrete walls, the well can be understood how water rises high during the flood period.

Tip! The ideal solution for clarifying the level of soil water is conducted by a geodesic examination by a specialist.

Next you need to decide on the type of drainage. The easiest thing is, of course, build an open drainage, that is, just proceeding the trenches with a slope. However, such a decision will not decorate the site, so most owners choose a more labor-intensive construction option.

Selection of materials for construction

30 years ago there was no special choice of pipes for the construction of drainage systems. We had to use asbestos-cement or ceramic pipes, before laying in the ditch, it was necessary to perform a lot of holes so that water fluently penetrates. Today there are more convenient and affordable materials - corrugated pipes from polymeric materials, which already have ready-made perforation.

Tip! You can find drainage pipes with geotextiles or coconut fiber. These materials provide additional filtering and prevent clogging of the drainage system.

The process of the drainage system device requires serious labor and preliminary preparation of the material. For construction, it will be necessary:

• Sand. To create a system of drainage, it is necessary to use river sand. It is used to create a pillow at the bottom of the ditch, it is necessary to eliminate damage to the structures due to the grounding of the soil.
• Crushed stone. For the arrangement of the system, two types of rubble will be required. The material of the middle and large fraction is used. The main purpose of rubble is the creation of a filtering layer and preventing the dren of various garbage contained in water. In addition, crushed stone warns damage to the drainage pipes in the primers of the soil.

• Geotextile. This is a material from synthetic threads, it is used to wrapping the drainage layer from rubble. The use of this material additionally protects the laid pipes from casing.
• Fitting. Couplings use corners to connect pipes to ensure turns.

Advantages of plastic pipes

• pipes are distinguished by increased strength, they are placed on a significant depth - up to 10 meters.
• The service life of polymer pipes is at least 50 years.
• Connections are easy to perform yourself using connecting couplings.
• They are easy to transport, unload and mount, as they are sufficiently light.
• To cut the pipes from plastic does not need to apply a special tool.

Tip! To prevent clogging of soil pipes, additional filters are used - geotexyl or coconut fiber material.

For the installation of the system, pipes of different diameters are used, most often used:

• 150 mm - for systems that take a small amount of water;
• 300 mm - for systems working with high load.

For installation of the system, two types of pipes are used: larger cross sections are used for the main line, and more small - for branches. Plastic pipes for mounting drainage systems can be:

• One or two-layer. The second option is more durable, it is suitable for laying in heavy soils.
• Flexible and hard. The first option is ideal for mounting simple systems. If a network is mounted with a large number of turns and branches, it is more profitable to use flexible pipes.

• Smooth and corrugated. The last option is more durable.
• With shell and without. The choice depends on the quality of the soil. In the crushed stone soil, you can lay pipes without a shell. In the sandy - it is better to lay geotextiles taught. If on the clay plot, then the perfect choice will be pipes with a coyra filter (coconut fiber).

Installation of drainage systems

Consider how the drainage is made, and what are the nuances of laying pipes.

Planning

At the first stage, the scheme of laying drainage pipes should be compiled. In the fulfillment of this work, the pre-made geodesic examination of the site will very much, as a result of which the types of soils and the level of groundwater is found. Based on the results of the examination, the diameters of pipes are selected, as well as the depth of their embezzlement.

Tip! Drainage diagram and the work of calculations, preferably, instruct specialists.

Laying

How correctly should these pipes in the ditch?

• A layer of sand with a height of 15 cm is poured into the trenched depth of the trench.
• The geotextile is laid over the sand so that the edges of the canvas close the sides of the ditch.
• A layer of small rubble is embanked on geotextile.
• On top of the rubble stacked tubes with perforation down.
• When laying pipes, you need to withstand a slope directed towards the team well. The size of the slope is at least 3 degrees.

• In order to control the operation of the system and, if necessary, produce its flushing, you need to plan the installation of viewing wells. The minimum distance between the wells is 50 meters. In addition, wells must be put on places of rotation of the pipeline or when the angle of inclination is changed.
• The filter selection is carried out depending on the type of soil. If these are light sues or loam, then it is worth using pipes that are engaged in geotextiles. In heavy soils it is more profitable to use pipes, taped with a cloth from coconut fiber.
• The crushed stone is embanked on top of the underlined pipes, as a rule, the thickness of the upper backfill is 40 cm.
• From above, the layer of rubble is closed with geotextiles, which was previously fixed on the side of the trench.
• Top of the trenches fall asleep with soil and closed with a carved in advance.

Errors that cannot be allowed

• Wrong selection. For example, in thin soils it is impossible to use pipes without a filter.
• Unbendable bias.
• Incorrect selection of space for the installation of a team well or late removal of water from it.

So, the drainage system is the necessary element to protect the house and the site from excess soil moisture. The drainage device is extremely importantly important to properly develop its scheme and perform laying in strict accordance with technology. Errors made by mounting will lead to the fact that water from the foundation will not be discharged in full, that is, the efficiency of the system will be reduced.