What is the difference between vapor barrier from waterproofing? This question pops up when laying insulation in mansard premises. Today we will analyze what is the difference between these materials so that you correct all the roofing work.
The modern market offers a huge variety of film coatings. It is not surprising that people inexperienced in this matter often do not know what to choose, or confuse materials. As a result, the roof leak can happen, construction and finishing materials will be damaged. To avoid this, you should definitely understand the purpose of hydro and vaporizolation, be able to distinguish them and make an accurate choice before roofing. If the roof has already flowed, wait for a sunny day, dismantle the entire inside of the roof, remove the wet insulation, which has lost its properties, and spend new software works using steam and waterproofing.
Roof insulation
And in order to choose what you need, you need to understand exactly what is the difference between such materials, like vapor barrier and waterproofing. Let's start with waterproofing for the roof. The task of this material is not to skip the water from the street inside the space under the roof. Despite the fact that any roofing material is designed to protect the house from direct sediments, they still can be seeded inside, which threatens with a labeling of a laid insulation. The use of waterproofing will allow the insulation from wetting from the street. What are the features of the use of vapor insulation for the roof? This material is used from the inside of the roofing threshold.
The main function of any vapor barrier material is the protection of the insulation from vapors coming from the interior of the house. Whatever high-quality ventilation system you do not equip, steam will still be present in the rooms: people breathe, food is preparing, humidifiers and irons are used. Thus, warm steam will penetrate the insulation. That is why before the layer of thermal insulation material, it is necessary to use protection, as a vapor barrier. The main difference is that the waterproofing materials do not let moisture to the insulation, and vaporizolation - water pairs.
Such products on both sides have a waterproof to a 100% surface that does not miss steam and does not produce it. The most accessible option is a simple polyethylene film that dacms are usually used in the garden. True, it is possible to apply it for the roof only in the most extreme case, because under the roof there is always a high temperature, under the influence of which the multilayer film can lose its properties. The optimal option is to use a multilayer film with a reinforcing frame of polymers.
Parosolation films
The presence of a frame will not allow the vaporizolation material to stretch, and many layers of the film will ensure the maximum long service life. But the best and the most expensive type of material for can be called a foil film. Its stealth foil part inside the roof, which will reflect infrared radiation. Such a film will protect the insulation from the penetration of the steam and increase the level of maintaining warm air, and you will save on heating in the winter period.
For waterproofing, vapor insulation films will not fit. The reason is simple - they are waterproof. But the waterproofing materials, except for protection against moisture, perform another function - remove the pair from the insulation (which can still be leaked, even if there are steam protection). If you neglect the use of special waterproofing membranes, the insulation will quickly start collapse, no matter how high-quality it is.
Roof waterproofing
The main feature of such membranes is in their porous structure, thanks to which the steam can be seen through the pores under the roof and go out, without lingering in the insulation. Let's explore which types of membrane films are. You can find diffusion and superdiffusion films. Pores of such materials have the smallest funnels, thanks to their structure, the pair go through the funnel, and the moisture remains outside. When applying membrane films, it is very important to put them in the right side so that they perform their protection function against moisture and remove the steam: a wide portion of the material is laid in the direction of the insulation, and the narrow to the roof.
Diffusion and superdifuzion films differ in the number of pores. So, for example, if you decide to use diffusion membranes, they should be laid so that the product and insulation do not come into contact. In the reverse case, the material funnels will be purchased, and it will stop performing its protective functions. Therefore, when laying diffusion materials, a layer of ventilation gaps from both sides should be provided. But the laying of the superdiffusion film requires the improvement of the ventilation gap only between membrane and roofing materials, contact with the insulation, the product is not afraid, due to a higher level of steam output.
True, membrane waterproofing films are not suitable for each type of roof - they can only be used for those structures that are not afraid of condensate formation on the back side. For example, for metal tiles, an anti-condensate film should be taken, which does not produce pairs outside, and retains it on its back side.
Now you know what the main difference between vapor barrier from waterproofing. It is worth saying about the materials for windscreens, which will help eliminate another problem of the roof insulation - a strong wind blowing a warm pair. It is precisely why it is desirable to use windproof films or stoves, the main purpose of which is to protect against strong lateral wind. In this case, the properties of the windproof material are such that he misses moisture and steam outside, thanks to which you can not be afraid that the insulation wet.
Windproof house
The most famous plates are the most famous IsoplatThey are very durable, environmentally friendly, reliable. In addition to the protection against wind, such a material saves walls from freezing, which can also be attributed to the advantages of the use of windproofs in the house. At the same time, remember that you need to choose what to install - windproof or vapor barrier, since the combination of these products will lead to the fact that the roof will stop "breathing", and condensate will begin to settle on the insulation.
Naturally, it will negatively affect its characteristics. Therefore, from the side, for example, from where strong winds usually blow, you can install windproof, and all other parts are separated by a vapor insulator.
Each person wants the living conditions in the house equally comfortable both in the summer heat and in the winter stepmap. But what do you need to create a favorable atmosphere in the house? Of course, in the conditions of harsh Russian winters, the main thing will, perhaps, high-quality insulation, which and on heating will help save a considerable amount.
A mineral wool is usually used as a heaters of the floor, walls and overlaps, which is a good heat insulator. However, there are at least one significant drawback from Minvati - the ability to choose moisture as a sponge, which is why it loses its properties to keep warm. To protect mineral wool from wets, materials such as hydro and vapor barrier are served.
When the roof arrange, it is necessary to take into account the maximum possible temperature differences outside and indoors, as well as precipitation in any form and wind up to hurricanes. After all, the roof of the house is essentially the boundary separating the air indoors and outside. As we know according to the laws of physics: the air that has a higher temperature will always rise up - under the ceiling. Therefore, the insulation is laid under any roofing coating to keep warm in the house. But in order for the insulation to serve longer and did not lose its thermal insulation properties, it must be protected from moisture.
Of course, the roofing materials themselves are not bad protect the insulation from direct moisture ingress inside, but they are unlikely to save - not so sealed, so as not to pass water vapor. In this case, high-quality waterproofing will come to the aid, which will not miss water vapor from the environment in the insulation.
It is worth noting that many grief builders neglect the waterproofing of the underpants insulation, buy cheap materials, and even replace the waterproofing films with conventional polyethylene from the garden or even vapor insulation, not found between them any significant difference. They say, she is a film in Africa. Anyway.
As a result of such "small" shortcomings, it turns out, for example, after a year ago, the installation of a new roof from the roof of the attic suddenly begins to flow water, wet divorces appear on the ceiling. The owners are perplexed. They begin to look for damage and places of roofing leaks, but, without rearing any defects in it, come to eternal issues - who is to blame and what to do? And then the laws of physics begin to remember the laws of physics and come smart thoughts that the moisture in the air turns out to be theoretically condensed inside the room itself, forming drips on the ceiling ...
But why are there even no signs of condensate on the ceiling? It can be assumed that waterproofing was laid from the bottom under the insulation, as a result - the properties of the porous insulation that had scored water vapors of the porous insulation with all the consequences arising from here. If no insulating films were used at all, the moisture will "walk" throughout the construction, damaging not only thermal insulation, but also contributing to the destruction of the rafter system and even the interior decoration.
Now there are so many different film insulation materials that can easily be confused by ignorance. Special difficulties cause initial misunderstanding of differences between waterproofing and vapor barrier materials. The use of the concepts of "waterproofing" and "vaporizolation" as synonyms by the "specialists" of pseudo-building organizations and even the sellers of some stores, (especially this happens in the province, where and the real masters, you will not find the day with fire) makes even more confusion.
To avoid unpleasant surprises like the occasion described above, it is necessary even before starting the installation of a new roof to clearly understand the difference between vapor and waterproof films and approach them to choose. Even if you are not going to warm the roof with your own hands, then at least check the course of work and the correct selection of materials - in your power and interests.
Before talking about the differences in hydro and vaporizolation as materials, it is necessary to clearly understand the functions they must perform.
What is waterproofing?
The main function of the waterproofing film is to prevent moisture from the street. "And for what we need it, especially on the roof, where does the roof, so will not miss no water inside? Excess costs and only "- you will say. And, perhaps, you will find yourself right if you need to simply replace the roof over the heated part of the room, for example, on a conventional attic.
Waterproofing the roof is necessary in the case when the layer of the mineral wool insulation is assumed, that in the case of the attic it is necessary, since the roof can delay only falling precipitation in the form of snow and rain, but will not protect against water vapor penetration after the summer rain or fog. This pair in the absence of an insulating layer will fall directly into the underlined insulation, which is mainly used mineral wool, as a result of which all its air pores will be "clogged", which will negatively affect the thermal insulation properties. And this will be especially noticeable in the winter, when the wagia pairs are crystallized in the pores of the insulation material. Therefore, the thermal insulation layer must be protected from moisture from the outside. And it will help us in this film waterproofing material.
Why do you need vaporizolation?
Parosolation films, in contrast to waterproofing, are designed for laying them from below under the layer of roofing insulation to protect it from warm, leakage from the ceiling of vapors that are present in any room even with amazing ventilation, and all because we breathe using steam irons or Cooking food, wash in the soul, water flowers, etc. Thus, steamers in front of the thermal insulation layer are a very necessary thing.
The main difference in waterproofing from vapor barrier is that modern waterproofing membranes are capable of passing steam in one direction (with proper installation - outward from the insulation), while preventing water penetration from the outside.
Protection of the roof insulation from wetting using waterproofing membrane and vapor barrier
It is worth noting that the layer of vaporizolation, if you look from the inside of the room, is always performed by the last layer (before final finish, of course). For example, if it is the floor above the unheated trimming (basement), then vaporizolation is mounted not overlaid (bottom), but from above, right under the finishing "clothes" of the floor. With walls the same.
Do not forget: water vapor diffuses always in the direction of colder air. And the first obstacle on the path of steam to the insulation should serve precisely parosolation! And the part of the steam, which still leakes through it in the layer of insulation, should be unrampedially to get out of it through a vapor-permeable membrane and, being a picked air flow, to go into the atmosphere.
External differences of vapor insulation from waterproofing
The externally different waterproofing from vaporizolation? You can answer this question by analyzing both materials.
Structure of vapor insulation films
Parosolation differs from waterproofing mainly by the fact that both parties are completely waterproof. Parosolation should not miss any couples or water both out (in the house) and inside the insulation. An ordinary polyethylene can be attributed to a cheap variant of such a film. However, it is not recommended to use it in the role of vaporizolation of the roofing "cake" due to the fact that under the roofing, especially in summer, the film will be very hot, which will lead to its pulling and, possibly damage. And since the roof is not for one year, it is optimal to use a film of several layers with a polymer reinforcing frame, which prevents the film pulling.
Installation of vapor barrier is performed from the inside of Sroll
The covering of the inner surface of the attic roof with a foil film coated with one of the parties will cost several more expensive use of all sorts of vapor insulation materials, however, in addition to creating a reliable pairsproof barrier, it will be possible to delay in the house heat. Installation of this film is performed by a foil surface inside the room, which helps to reflect infrared radiation from it, with which the main share of heat from the dwelling is destroyed. Thus, the use of such vaporizolation allows you to kill two hares, minimizing the heat loss through the roof of the house to a minimum, which in turn will allow to save quite well on heating.
Before buying any film, be sure to make sure it is a vaporizolation, which should testify to the inscription on the package.
Structure and types of waterproofing films
The amateur may well seem that if vaporizolation has complete waterproof, it may well serve as a replacement layer of waterproofing. It can be assumed even by ignorance that vaporizoation is better than waterproofing, which is not correct.
Both vapor insulation and waterproofing film materials, serve strictly to achieve a specific goal, and, if you replace one other, it can lead to unpredictable consequences and additional money costs.
The main functions of waterproofing are as follows:
- protection against entering external moisture in a layer of insulation;
- the elimination of random water vapors from the insulation.
But how in insulation can suddenly be couples? The fact is that no film in the world seemingly her hermetically closing insulation on both sides, does not possess absolute countertility. The proportion of water vapor, albeit insignificant, anyway penetrates through the film insulation from the ventilation gap and from the inside of the room into the insulation, and therefore it is necessary to ensure the possibility of the exit of this moisture to the outside. This purpose and serve as waterproofing films, otherwise called membranes.
Waterproofing polymer films have a number of useful properties:
- resistance to ultraviolet radiation;
- resistance to temperatures;
- high strength characteristics.
However, this is all secondary. The most important property of the waterproofing film is the porous structure of this material . The meaning of ideas is to give the possibility of the part of a water vapor, which somehow fell into the insulation, freely exit from it into the underpants space. This is just contributed to the pores, in form are very similar to funnels, through a wide part of which the steam comes out of the insulation. The narrow part of the pores, with the right installation, should be turned outward, which prevents the penetration of moisture in the form of fluid from the atmosphere, since the volume of water molecule is greater than steam molecules. When using waterproofing membranes, it is not important that it is not to confuse and put the film with the right side to the insulation.
By type of porous structure, membrane films can be:
- diffusion;
- superdiffusion.
These structures differ from each other by the amount of pores. In the diffusion membranes of pores less, respectively, significantly lower and level of steaming. Such vaporizolation can not be put directly to the insulation itself, so it is necessary to leave the ventilated gap not only between roofing and waterproofing, but also between the film and insulation. Otherwise, the contact of the pores of the diffusion membrane with the material of the insulation will lead to the blockage of the "funnel" of waterproofing of the Ministry of Service and the loss of its functional properties.
Superdiffusional membranes are significantly superimed by the level of vapor diffusion films, and create a ventilation gap between waterproofing and the insulation is not required.
The organization of the ventilation gap between the roofing and the membrane is obligatory anyway in order to enable water steam to exit an air flow into the atmosphere.
However, the use of membrane waterproofing films is recommended not with any types of roofing coatings, but only with those that are racks to the destructive effects of condensate accumulating with the back side of the roof. For example, in the case of covering the roof with a metal tile, it is necessary to use special anti-condensate films. Such waterproofing does not give a pair to outward from the insulation, and accumulates it through a huge number of the smallest vests located on her back surface, from where the moisture leaves with air flow flows.
Waterproofing is laid over the insulation of the roof
Selection of vaporizolation and waterproofing
When choosing a type of vapor and waterproofing, you must first consider their characteristics. Consider, for example, what are the modifications of vapor-hydro insulation of the Izospan.
Izospan "A" - a vapor-permeable film, designed to protect insulated outside walls, roofs and ventilated facades from winds and moisture.
IMPORTANT! Such waterproofing materials should always be laid with a smooth water-repellent surface to the outside, and Schezavva, through which the pairs come out of the insulation, inside. To facilitate the task with the definition of the parties, open one secret - the inscription on any film when installing should be upstairs.
Izospan "B" - has simultaneously hydro and vaporizolizing properties. It is used in steam-hydro insulation roofing, the installation is performed from the inside. It can also be used in the insulation of floors and walls, the installation is carried out with the heat insulation side facing inside.
Izospan "C" is the most dense material used for waterproofing purposes.
Izospan "D" - universal, durable vapor-permeable waterproofing, can be mounted both from the outer and the insulation of the insulation.
Izospan "FB" - material intended exclusively for hydro and vaporizolation of pools, saunas and baths.
Vividly the entire process of insulation, vapor barrier and waterproofing of the roof is shown in the video.
Only the competent use of waterproofing films and vaporizolation can ensure the maintenance of heat in the house and prevent the appearance of dampness and mold of the premises.
Search for a response to the question than the differences in vapor barrier from waterproofing is often carried out when the type of protection is selected for the design. Different materials help solve various tasks: Delay moisture, warm steam, thanks to which the structure of the heat-insulating "cake" is preserved. The market offers a wide range of protective coatings. They are characterized by different properties.
For this reason, before purchasing, it is necessary to take into account the conditions of operation.
Both materials are moisture protection. For this reason, with their help, heat-insulating "pie" is closed from all sides, since. when contacting with liquids, the insulation loses properties, serves less. It means the main task of covers under consideration is to prevent moisture penetration In the structure of mineral wool, fasteners or other materials that help to maintain heat in the room.
The main function of waterproofing films is precipitation protection, which is realized when the roofs are roof. In this case, they are styled over thermal insulation. It is advisable to use windproof films. This is a multilayer material with a porous structure on one side and a smooth surface - on the other. If moisture protection is mounted indoors, its main task is to reduce the risk of contact of the insulation of water, which can get to the film, for example, in the pool, in the kitchen, in the bathroom.
Vaporizolation sells other functions. The main task that solve materials of this group is helped is creating an insurmountable air barrier raising when heated. If the vaporizolation was not used, after a short operation, the insulation will accumulate moisture, which will contribute to improving the thermal conductivity and deterioration of its qualities.
However, the coverage of this type will delay not only warm steam, but also liquids, so it received another name - parohydrogenation. This is the difference between such materials: the effect of each of them is directed to the detention of moisture characterized by various structure (liquid or water).
What is the difference between waterproofing from vapor barrier?
It is noted that such coatings solve several tasks. However, the difference between waterproofing and vaporizolation is primarily in the structure. Films different in structureMachine on various technologies, which determined the target purpose of each of them, as well as properties and level of efficiency in the implementation of functions.
Externally, waterproofing and vaporizolation are similar. In fact, it is difficult to notice small pores on the surface of the film. Considering that such coatings are distinguished by a small thickness, study the structure even at closer examination is often not possible. For this reason, steam and waterproofing at first glance look equally. However, this is not the case in the process of fastening it is not always possible to notice the difference. Mounting errors make itself known after some time after the start of operation.
The structure of the waterproofing film
Such materials are divided into 2 groups:
- single-layer, smooth surface;
- multi-layered: on the one hand are a porous layer, on the other - a smooth surface.
The first option does not pass the air. Accordingly, steam through such insulation will also not be able to pass. The film is made of polyethylene, allows you to create a fully sealed coating. In order for warm air to have the opportunity to freely leave the space under the roof slide, diffuse membranes are used.
On the one hand, there are pores that have broadening. Such a structure allows warm air to pass through the insulation outward. However, sediments from the street will no longer be able to penetrate the roof. This is due to the position of the pores: their narrow part is located with the opposite room. Water molecules will not pass through such "windows". It means the direction of moisture movement in diffuse membranes is only one - from the inside of the object outside.
There is also superdiffusive waterproofing. Its structure is the same as in the considered coverage. However, the membrane layer contains pores in more. This ensures a higher level of moisture response efficiency.
If the question is, what is the difference between waterproofing from vapor barrier, the parallel is carried out between film and membrane coatings. For example, the membranes are mostly vapor-permeable, but the moisture is not delayed in the construction of the heat-insulating "cake", but is derived from the ventilation gap, which is specifically left with the roof roof.
The waterproofing in the form of a membrane often contains a reinforcing layer of polypropylene. If you use a simple polyethylene film, over time, it is deformed under the influence of high temperatures and stretching loads. With membrane materials, this does not occur. As a result, the life of the waterproofing of this species increases significantly.
The need for waterproofing
Most of the thermal insulation coatings offered in the market is characterized by complete or partial hygroscopicity. This means that it is undesirable to apply them. Direct contact with moisture in any form, whether it is a pair or liquid, provoke a change in the structure of the insulation. If mineral, basalt or glass gamble is used, fibers can occur. For this reason, the heat insulating layer is worse delayed heat.
Some of the solid insulation during long-term contact with water are also prone to absorb liquid, although the value of such a parameter, as water absorption, varies within 1-3% of the total coating. Respectively, the overwhelming majority of thermal insulation materials requires protection in the form of waterproofing. Films do not let moisture to the insulation.
If the outer insulation is mounted, the waterproofing is required to protect the insulation in conditions when the material is constantly exposed to precipitation (snow, rain). At the same time, thermal insulation must comply with the operating conditions. So, it is not recommended to fit a simple film when installing the roof. Waterproofing is also important when the foundations are arranged. In this case, the material protects the base of the object from the effect of moisture contained in the soil.
If you neglect this recommendation, the foundation will not last long. The fact is that concrete in the process of frosting has a tendency to absorb moisture. When the solution is freezing and will dry out, its quality will be low. As a result, the base is soon deformed under the influence of external loads on compression and gap.
When an option is considered an installation of waterproofing indoors, the risk of water to the insulation is taken into account. The probability of this significantly increases in places such as a bathroom, a kitchen. Here, waterproofing ensures the protection of walls and floor from water drops. The reasons explaining this necessity are the same - it is required to maintain the insulation in primevarial form throughout as much as possible period.
Inside the room, waterproofing contributes to the preservation of other properties of thermal insulation. So, an effective insulation will not delay the sounds if he absorbs moisture. In addition, thermal insulation is deformed, which will lead to a deterioration in the appearance of the finish, which closes the insulating "Pie". From these troubles will protect waterproofing: without it, it is not necessary if the installation of a hygroscopic insulation is scheduled.
Properties and types of vapor-permeable membranes
The main characteristics of such coatings:
- resistance to the effects of ultraviolet radiation;
- preservation of properties under conditions of permanent temperature drops;
- low limit of vapor permeability;
- strength.
The main varieties of vapor barrier: porous, perforated (diffuse). The first embodiment is characterized by a fibrous structure, according to the principle of action resembles a filter, but differs in a small pore size. In terms of complexity, coatings are distinguished: single-layer, multilayer, reinforced with a foil layer.
Differences in the installation of hydro and vaporizolation
Given the difference in the structure and properties of these materials, they should be attached differently. To avoid mistakes, it is recommended to watch the video: insulation, waterproofing, vaporizolation is 3 layers of correctly equipped heat-insulating "cake". All installation options should be considered:
- Roof. First of all, moisture protection is attached to the rafter. Waterproofing bands are stacked by braziness. Due to this, the reliability of the coating increases. In addition, the waterproofing is fixed by building tape. Parosolation is laid last. The principle of its attachment is similar to waterproofing: the bands are laid by the brass, fixed with scotch.
- Outdoor insulation. Waterproofing is mounted from the street after laying thermal insulation. In this case, vaporizolation is not always settled.
- Internal insulation. Waterproofing is placed on thermal insulation in places such as bathroom, kitchen. For example, if the insulation is placed on concrete ceiling, first fasten the heat-insulation on the ceiling, then thermal insulation is fixed, it is closed by steam insulation.
When installing the foundation there is no need to apply both material. Enough moisture protection. It must be remembered that the heat-insulating "pie" will lead first, if you put a vapor-or waterproofing membrane with the wrong side. In rooms, where the roof or overlap is protected by vapor insulation, it is recommended to equip the ventilation system, since the essential part of the pair will be linger in the room in the form of moisture.
Nuances laying under the undercase films
Between the coating and thermal insulation leave ventilation gap. Due to this, the likelihood of moisture delay is eliminated, which is removed from the room. This rule is mandatory if the diffuse membrane is stacked. Superdiffuse analogue does not require execution of such a recommendation due to a large number of pores in the structure. The coating is used to protect the roofing insulation from precipitation and steam.
On this article, the total illiteracy of both the builders and by buyers, as well as increasingly flashed in the commercial proposals of the phrase according to the "Parohydro isolation" or "hydrotreating" - because of which the whole whistling, lost money begins, Problem structures, etc.
So, you probably heard about the waterproof, windproof and vaporizolation - that is, about the films that are put in insulated roofs and frame walls for their protection. But then, often the full "pair-type" begins.
I will try to write very simple and accessible, not immersed in formulas and physics. The main thing is to understand the principles.
Paro or Hydro?
Let's start with the fact that the main mistake is mixed into one concept of steam and moisture. Couples and moisture are completely different things!
Formally, couples and moisture are water, but in different aggregate states, respectively, having a different set of properties.
Water, it is moisture, it is "Hydra" (Hydro from Dr. Greek. ὝΔωρ "Water") is what we see eyes and can feel. Water from under the tap, rain, river, dew, condensate. In other words, this is a liquid. It is in this state that the term "water" is usually used.
Couples is a gaseous water condition, water dissolved in the air .
When an ordinary person speaks about couples, for some reason he thinks that this is necessarily something visible and tangible. Couples from the kettle's nose, in the bath, in the bathroom, etc. But actually it is not.
Couple is present in the air always and everywhere. Even now, when you read this article, steam is in the air around you. He underlies the very humidity of the air, about which you probably heard and complained more than once that the humidity is too high or too low. Although no one saw this moisture through the eyes.
In a situation where there is no couple in the air - a person will not live for a long time.
Taking advantage of the different physical properties of water in a liquid and gaseous state, science and industry received The ability to create materials that pass steam, but do not pass water.
That is, this is a certain sieve that is capable of missing steam, but will not miss the water in a liquid state.
At the same time, especially smart scientists, and then manufacturers, invented how to make a material that will carry water only in one direction. How exactly is done, for us it does not matter. There are few such membranes in the market.
Vapor-permeable membrane - passes couples in both directions, but does not miss moisture
So, a construction film that is impenetrable for water, but passes the pairs of the same in both sides - is called waterproofing paro permeable Membrane. That is, steam she misses freely in both directions, and water (hydra) does not pass at all or only one way.
Paro insulation - This is a material that does not miss anything or couples or water. And at the moment, vaporizolation membranes - That is, materials that have one-sided permeability for steam have not yet come up.
Remember as "Father our" - there is no universal "pair-like membrane". There are vaporizoation and vapor-permeable waterproofing. These are fundamentally different materials - with different purposes. The use of these films is not where you need and not so where you need - can lead to extremely sad consequences for your home!
Formally, the vaporizolation can be called paroysolation, as it does not miss any water or steam. But the use of this term is the way to commit dangerous errors.
Therefore, once again, in frame construction, as well as in insulated roofing, two types of films are used.
- Paro insulating - who do not miss any couples or water and are not membranes
- Waterproofing steam permeable Membranes (also called windproof, due to extremely low air permeability or superdiffusion)
These materials have different properties and their use is not intended, practically guaranteed to cause problems with your home.
Why do we need films in the roof or frame wall?
To understand this, you need to add a little theory.
Let me remind you that the task of this article is to explain "on the fingers", which is happening, without deepening into physical processes, partial pressure, molecular physics, etc. So in advance I apologize to those who had five in physics, and immediately make a reservation that in reality all the processes described below are much more complicated and have a lot of nuances. But the main thing is to understand the essence.
So the nature ordered that the couple always goes to the direction from warm to cold. Russia, a cold climate, a medium heating period from us - 210-220 days from 365 per year. If you decide to him days and nights, when it is cold outside in the street than in the house, then more.
Therefore, it can be said that most of the time, the pattern of the steam movement is directed from the inside of the house, outward. It does not matter about what is questionable - walls, roofing or lower overlap. Let's call all these things in one word - enclosing structures
In homogeneous structures, the problem usually does not occur. Because the vapor permeability of a homogeneous wall is equally. Couples calmly go through the wall and goes into the atmosphere. But as soon as we have a multilayer structure, consisting of materials with different vapor permeability, everything becomes no longer so simple.
Moreover, if we talk about the walls, it is not necessary to talk about the skeleton wall. Any multi-layered wall, at least a brick or aerated concrete with outdoor insulation, will already make it think.
Surely you heard that in a multi-layered structure, the vapor permeability of the layers should increase along the movement of steam.
What will happen then? Couple enters the design and moves in it from the layer in the layer. At the same time, the vapor permeation of each subsequent layer is higher and higher. That is, from everyone subsequent layer, couples will be faster than from previous.
Thus, we do not form an area where the saturation of the steam reaches the value when at a certain temperature can be condensed into the real moisture (dew point).
In this case, we will have no problems. The complexity is that it is not easy to achieve this in a real situation.
Parosolation of the roof and walls. Where is it and why is it needed?
Let's consider another situation. Couple got into the design, moves along the layers outside. The first layer passed, the second ... and then it turned out that the third layer is no longer so parchment as the previous one.
As a result, a couple who fell into the wall or roof does not have time to leave it, and the new "portion" is already backing it back. As a result, in front of the third layer the concentration of steam (more precisely saturation) begins to grow.
Remember what I said before? Couple moves towards warm, cold. Therefore, in the third layer area, when the saturation of the steam will reach the critical value, then at a certain temperature at this point, the pairs will begin to condense into real water. That is, we got a "dew point" inside the wall. For example, on the border of the second and third layer.
That is, it is often observed by people who have a house from the outside of something that has bad vapor permeation, such as plywood or OSP or CSP, and vaporizolation inside or it is made poorly. On the inner side of the outer skin, the condensate rivers flow, and all wet flushing to it.
Caps easily enters the wall or roof and "slipping" insulation, which as a rule has excellent vapor permeation. But then he "rests" into the outer material with poor permeability, and in the end, the dew point is formed inside the wall, right in front of the obstacle on the path of steam.
From this situation there are two exits.
- For a long time and painfully pick up the materials of the cake so that the dew point is under no circumstances inside the wall. The task is possible, but complicated, given that in reality, the processes are not so simple as I describe now.
- Put from the inside vaporizolation and make it the most sealed.
It is on the second path and go in the West, they make a hermetic obstacle on the way. After all, if you don't let couples in the wall at all, it will never reach the saturation that will lead to condensate. And then you can not break your head over what materials are used in the "Pie", from the point of view of the vapor permeability of the layers.
In other words - installation of vapor barrier, this is a guarantee of the absence of condensate and dampness inside the wall. At the same time, vaporizolation is always put on the inner, "warm" side of the wall or roof and is made as intended as possible.
Moreover, the most popular material for this "they", the usual polyethylene 200mbron. Which is inexpensive and has the highest piping resistance, after aluminum foil. The foil would be even better, but it's hard to work with it.
In addition, I pay special attention to the word hermetic. In the West, when installing vaporizolation, all the joints of the film are carefully skidded. All holes from the wiring of communications - pipes, wires through vapor barrier, are also thoroughly playful. Popular in Russia Installation of vaporizolation of Vangest, without sizing joints, can give insufficient tightness and as a result, you will get the same condensate.
Unfigured joints and other potential holes in vapor barrier, may cause a wet wall or roof, even if vaporizolation itself is.
I want to also note that the mode of operation of the house is important. Summer country houses, in which you are less regularly only from May to September, and maybe several times in the off-season, and the rest of the time the house is without heating, they can forgive some of the flaws of vaporizolation.
But a house for permanent residence, with constant heating - errors does not forgive. The more the difference between the outdoor "minus" and the inner "plus" in the house - the more the couple will enter out the exterior designs. Moreover, the likelihood of condensate inside these structures. Moreover, the amount of condensate as a result can be calculated by tens of liters.
Why do I need a waterproofing or superdiffusion vapor-permeable membrane?
I hope you understand why make vaporizolation from the inner wall - in order to not let couples inside the structures at all and prevent the conditions for its condensation in moisture. But the question arises, and where and why put the paro permeable The membrane and why it is impossible instead of it as well, to put vaporizolation.
Windproof, waterproofing membrane for walls
In the American wall design, the vapor-permeable membrane is always placed outside, over the OSP. Its main task is oddly enough, it is not protecting the insulation, but the protection of the OSP itself. The fact is that the Americans make vinyl siding and other facade materials at once on top of the plates, without any amp of gaps or craters.
Naturally, with this approach, there is a possibility of entering outdoor atmospheric moisture, between siding and stove. As is the second question, a strong oblique rain, construction of construction in the area of \u200b\u200bwindow openings, belel adjoining, etc.
If the water falls between siding and OSP, it can dry it there for a long time and the stove can start rotting. And the OSP in this place the material is frowning. If I started to rot, this process develops very quickly and goes deep into the slab, destroying it from the inside.
It is for this that, first of all, a membrane with single-beam permeats for water is put. The membrane will not give water with a possible leakage, go to the wall. But if some way, the water fell under the film, due to one-sided penetration, it can get out.
Super Diffusional Waterproofing Membrane for Roofing
Let you not confuse the word superdiffusion. In fact, it is the same as in the previous case. The word superdiffusion means only the fact that the film is very well missing pairs (pair diffusion)
In the scope roof, for example, under metal tile, there are usually no plates, so the vapor-permeable membrane protects the insulation from both possible leaks outside and from blowing the wind. By the way, therefore, such membranes are also called windproof.That is, a vapor-permeable waterproofing membrane and windproof membrane - as a rule, the same thing.
In the roof, the membrane is also placed on the outside, in front of the vessel.
In addition, pay attention to the instructions for the membrane. Since some membranes put close to insulation, and some, with a gap.
Why it is necessary to put the membrane outside, and not vaporizolation
But why not put vaporizolation? And make an absolutely playproof wall on both sides? Theoretically, this is possible. But practically, to achieve the absolute tightness of vaporizolation is not so simple - all the same somewhere there will be damage from fasteners, the flaws of construction.
That is, some kind of meager number of steam, it will still fall into the walls. If you have a vapor-permeable membrane outside outside - then this meager has a chance to get out of the wall. But if vaporizolation, it will remain for a long time and sooner or later, it will reach a saturated state and again the dew point will appear inside the wall.
So - the windproof or waterproofing vapor-permeable membrane is always installed outside. That is, with the "cold" side of the wall or roof. If there are no plates or other structural materials outside, the membrane is put on top of the insulation. Otherwise, in the walls, it is put on top of the enclosing materials, but under the facade finish.
By the way, it is worth mentioning another detail, for which films are used, and the wall or roof is made as sealed as possible. Because the best insulation is air. But only if it is absolutely immobile. The task of all insulation, whether it is a foam or minvat, to ensure air immobility within itself. Therefore, the lower the density of the insulation, as a rule, above its heat resistance - the material contains more fixed air and less material.
The use of films from both sides of the wall reduces the likelihood of blowing the insulation by the wind or convection movements of the air inside insulation. Thus, forcing the insulation to work as efficiently as possible.
What is the danger of the term Parohydrozolation?
The danger is that under this term, as a rule, two materials are mixed with different purposes and with different characteristics.
As a result, confusion begins. Parosolation can put on both sides. But the most common option of error, especially in the roofing and the most terrible in consequences, when the result is the opposite - steam barrier is installed outside, and the vapor-permeable membrane from the inside. That is, we calmly skip the pairs into the design, in unlimited quantities, but we do not let it go. This is where the situation appears on a popular video.
Moreover, it can occur both with overlapping and with a wall or with a roof.
Conclusion: Never mix the concepts of vapor-permeable waterproofing membranes and vaporizolation - this is the right road to building errors having very difficult consequences.
How to avoid mistakes with films in the wall or roof?
The fear of the eyes are great, in fact, with films in the wall or roof everything is quite simple. The main thing to remember to comply with the following rules:
- In the conditions of a cold climate (most of Russia), vaporizolation is always put only with the inner, "warm", side - whether it is a roof or wall
- Parosolation is always made as intended as possible - joints, holes of the interchanges of communications, skill with scotch. At the same time, special adhesive tape is often required (as a rule with butyl rubber adhesive base), as a simple can be discarded with time.
- The most efficient and cheap vaporizoation is a polyethylene film 200 mk. It is desirable "primary" - transparent, it is easiest to smoke the joints with ordinary bilateral scotch. The purchase of "branded" vaporizolations is usually unjustified.
- Parry-permeable membranes (superdiffusion, windproof) are always put with the outer, cold side of the structure.
- Before you put the membrane, pay attention to the instructions for it, since some types of membranes are recommended to be put on the clearance from the material to which it fit.
- The instructions can be found on the manufacturer's website or on the roll of the film itself
- Usually, in order to avoid errors with the "Which side" to mount the film, the manufacturers turn the roll so that "roll over" it outside By design, you automatically installed the right side. With other use options, before starting installation, consider which side of the material.
- Choosing a vapor-permeable membrane, it is worth a preference to high-quality "first and second echelon" manufacturers - Tyvek, Tekton, Delta, Corotop, Juta, Eltete, etc. As a rule, these are European and American brands. The membranes of manufacturers of the "Third Echelon" - isospan, nano-insole, megaism and other "isola", "brains", etc. As a rule, heavily inferior in quality, and most of them generally have an unknown Chinese origin with a stamping brand of a trading company on the film.
about the author
Hello. My name is Alexey, perhaps you met me as Porcupine or Gribnick on the Internet. I am the founder of the Finnish house, a project that has grew up from a personal blog to a construction company, the purpose of which is to build a high-quality and comfortable home for you and your children.Very often, different concepts are confused on the building materials market, even sellers consultants may be given. The names of waterproofing, vaporizolation, hydro-insulation, diffusion membranes, breathable membranes, windscreen, etc.
The confusion occurs also because there are traditional materials (rubberoid, polyethylene film, aluminum foil), which are called waterproofing. But they do not quite respond to modern membrane hydrocarizable materials. And rubberoid, and plastic film, and aluminum foil do not miss steam and water, from the point of view of modern coatings, they should be called vapor barrier or hydrocariolar insulation, which is actually the same. And the membrane waterproofing of steam passes and allows you to dry the thermal insulation of roofing pie. Such confusion arose due to the desire of manufacturers by all available methods to advertise their products. Developers are attracted to unfamiliar "scientific" names, they buy the most expensive materials, although there are at times cheaper on the market and with the same physical characteristics.
Types of waterproofing
| Name | Description | approximate cost |
|---|---|---|
| Moderately combustible and hard-flame material, can operate at temperatures -60 ° C + 80 ° C, the roll width is 1.6 m, length is 43.75 m. | 4600 rubles / steers. |
| Equivalent diffusion resistance of 0.03 SD / m, vapor permeability 1300 g / sq. M / 24 h. Roll width is 1.5 m, length 50 m. | 7700 rub. / RUL. |
| Roll length 50 m, width 1.5 m. The temperature range is -40 ° C + 80 ° C, the equivalent thickness of the diffusion resistance of 0.037 SD / m. Moderately relieved. | 4000 rub. / RUL. |
| In a roll of 75 m2 membranes, a density of 140 g / m2. The strongest material can operate at temperatures -40 ° C + 80 ° C. | 8400 rub. / RUL. |
Prices for coating waterproofing
Foolish waterproofing
Types of vaporizolation
| Name | Description | approximate cost |
|---|---|---|
| Parry permeability 0 sq.m.ch.p. / mg is allowed to use at temperatures -60 ° C + 80 ° C. Roll width is 1.2 m, length 58 m. Moderate nude and moderately ignorable. | 3650 rubles / steering wheel. |
| Roll length 50 m, width 1.5 m, density 96 g / m2. Temperature stability -40 ° C + 80 ° C., Effort for gap 210 N. flammable. | 1300 rubles / steers. |
| Equivalent diffusion resistance thickness of 150 SD / M, severe, moderately ignorable. Parry permeability 3.1 × 10 ^ -6 mg / (m × h × pa). | 9500 rub. / Rul. |
| The vapor permeability of 19 g / sq.m / 24 hours can be operated at temperatures -55 ° C + 80 ° C. Density of 60 g / m2. | 1000 rub. / Steers. |
| Roll length 50 m, width 1.5 m. It has a reflex layer, the thickness of the diffusion resistance of 2000 SD / m. It can operate at temperatures -40 ° C + 80 ° C. | 13400 rub. / RUL. |
Prices for vapor insulation
Parosolation
Why do you need hydro and vaporizolation of the roof
Unfortunately, even many professional builders intentionally to increase the estimated cost of work or in ignorance incorrectly use various insulating membranes during the construction of the roofs. When, what and in what purpose should pary and waterproofing protection be used?
Unheated roofs
Such roofs may have different coatings, depending on their characteristics, a decision is made on the need for additional insulating materials.
With displeasure roofs, everything is clear, now you should consider more complex types of roofing pies.
Warm roofs
These are very popular roof types, allowing the use of attic rooms for residential attic. Modern materials are used as insulation, depending on their type, certain protective membranes are recommended. How does the technical parameters of thermal insulation affect the choice of hydro and vaporotchists?
Styrofoam
It is understood not only by the foam, but also all its derivatives: polystyrene foam, Penozal, etc. There are quite a lot of varieties of polymer insulation, in their indicators they fully meet the requirements of most developers. It is believed that these insulation have two significant disadvantages: flammability and excretion of harmful chemical compounds into the air. Is it really? Modern foam plastics do not support open burning, with increasing temperature melted, they begin to burn when heated to more than + 800 ° C. To note, wood flammives at a temperature of approximately + 400 ° C. So, this indicator does not have a noticeable effect on fire safety at home.
Now a little about the release of harmful substances. It is necessary to know that absolutely all chemical building materials are distinguished in one or another harmful compounds. Including varnishes used for furniture or floor, plastic elements of decor and wall decoration, etc. But for these parameters, they are allowed to use state controlling organizations, such admission has a foam.
Conclusion - use foam for insulation roofing without any concerns. In comparison with the mineral wool, it has a very important advantage - completely does not absorb moisture. For a warm roof with foam plastic, there is no need to use vapor and waterproofing, and this significantly reduces the cost of roofing.
Mineral wool
Prices for mineral wool
Mineral wool
Very fashionable currently thermal insulation material for roofing pie. We will not dwell on the merits, we will indicate the main operational disadvantage: mineral wool extremely negatively responds to an increase in relative humidity. It sharply increases the thermal conductivity, the heat surfactants strive for zero. In addition, the wet minvat is an order of magnitude accelerates the processes of rotting wooden structures of the rafter system.
For such a roofing cake, be sure to use hydro and vaporizolation. But this should be done with the knowledge of the case, the technology errors lead not only to the deterioration of the parameters of the microclimate in the attic rooms, but also the cause of the destruction of the rafter system, the structural elements rot and lose the bearing characteristics. The roof has not only to repair, but completely overlap. The cost of such works is much higher than the construction of a new roofing coating.
Stone Wat Tehnonikol: characteristics of the insulation
Negative consequences of incorrectly installed hydroparasulation
Hydroral insulation is installed on the inside of the attic room. Its function is to minimize the amount of steam falling into the mineral wool layer. Make protection completely sealed is impossible even theoretically.
What are the consequences of incorrect installation of hydroparasolation?
Practical advice. Warm roof - it is the same design of the house, during the construction of which it is better to be reinforced than try to simplify existing technologies.
Currently, there is a large selection of various modern hydro-coolants, their characteristics are not much different, but the price varies in large limits. You can use modern nonwoven materials manufactured by the most innovative technology. But practices are advised to act smarter - as hydropara insulation, use traditional cheap and very effective materials.
Important. The prospect of the construction of a warm roof should be provided on the design stage of the house. This will help to choose the optimal dimensions of the rafter legs and step between them, to determine the need to install and the parameters of the decks for the interior decoration of the indoor rooms. Another plus of this approach is a rafter system with a minimum number of different stops and backups, due to which the number of points of the likely depressurization of the protective layer decreases.
Prices for bitumen mastic
Bituminous mastic
How to put hydropara insulation
A very important point in the construction of warm roofing cake. Hydroparo insulation is designed to limit the penetration of water vapor from the residential places of attic to the thickness of the mineral wool. We have already mentioned above that it is better not to insulate the roof at all than to do it wrong. Practice shows if violations of technology are critical, then repair the rafter system will have to after 7-10 years. What is a warm roof repair? This is a dismantling of roofing coatings, waterproofing (steam-resistant windproofs), removal of thermal insulation. Next, you need to move inside the premises, remove the outer decoration of the walls and hydrocariolar insulation. The last stage is the revision of the rafter system and replacing the failed bearing elements.
How should roofing pie do not face similar problems?
Step 1. Carefully inspect the material, stap it correctly. All inscriptions should be addressed towards the room, and not vice versa. Start the styling of the hydropara insulating cake layer is needed from the skunk part. Roll off the roll in such a way that it is located in the midst of the construction. It is necessary to work on a stepladder and with an assistant. Roll off the roll of parts, every 1.5-2.0 m pre-fix. The final should be performed only after the material is completely aligned, the folds and the beggars are absent.
Step 2. Fasten the hydropara insulation by a construction stapler, the distance between the brackets is approximately 25-30 cm.
Important. There is no need to navigate the bracket too often, it only increases the number of holes. The material is easy, fixed without problems.
It is desirable to make the insulation laying after covering the roof. During roofing work, it is necessary to unwell vapor barrier (windproof) and consolidate it with straps. Then on the planks to fill the counterclaim, it will provide ventilation of the underfloor space, the condensed water will be naturally removed. Roofing materials are laid after preparation of the vaporizolation layer.
Some builders are made on the contrary, at first they are assembled inside the premises of hydrocariozing, and then laid the insulation and cover the roof. Such an order of work cannot be considered optimal. The fact is that in the case of wetting of mineral wool due to atmospheric precipitation, it will have to be removed and dry. This much complicates the construction of a warm roof and worsens its quality.
Step 3. The second layer is rolled in parallel to the first, it should be gradually moved down towards the eaves. After alignment, secure the membrane with brackets.
Step 4. Very gently close the places of the joining of hydrocariozing to chimels.
Use for this with a special hermetic scotch, never buy low-quality enough materials. If the Scotch has insufficient adhesion indicators, then in a short time it will break down, a large slot is formed between the surface of the chimney and hydrocariozolation. It is impossible to notice it in time due to the finishing finish of the inner walls, and the appearance of visible condensate leaks will already require complex repair.
Step 5. The backstage between the rows should be within 10 cm, carefully proof them.
Experienced builders are advised in these places to the rafters first nourished small rails. What for? First, they will create a gap between mineral wool and hydroparasolation, which will improve the conditions for the removal of the moisture. Secondly, if there are racks under the allen, then you can hardly press the tape, sealing will be more reliable.
Practical advice. During the installation of the insulation, take measures so that it does not rest on the hydropara insulation. Mineral wool must be fixed in space between the rafters. This can be done with a rope from synthetic materials, metal profiles or wooden slats. The fact is that mineral wool over time under the action of gravity a little bit fuses and sends. Impropered efforts are beginning to work on hydro-eyed, it begins, the missed joints are depressive.
Fall between the Parodiffusion Membrane Persons 10-15 cm
Skinning the joints of the parodiffusion membrane self-adhesive ribbon
After completion of the work, you need to carefully look at the roof surface, correct all the discovered problem areas. Especially carefully controlling the adjoining of hydro-coolant to various pipes and other engineering structures. Experienced builders are recommended for fixing the membrane to separate them with any silicone sealants. They will fully fill the seams in the masonry building materials and will increase the quality of hydrocariozing. And this, as already mentioned, plays a decisive role in the durability of the exploitation and efficiency of the heat-saving of buildings.
Video - Hydro Parasolation, Warming, Waterproofing Roofing