And about. rector of the temple: Archpriest Grigory Grigorievich BELOUS

Address: Moscow, Dubininskaya street, 9/3, p. 1

In June 2016, the Department of Cultural Heritage of the city of Moscow issued a permit to continue work on the preservation of the cultural heritage site. The parish entered into construction contracts, as well as for the provision of technical and architectural supervision services ("Mosproekt-2").

April 15, 2016 The Interdepartmental Commission on the provision of subsidies from the budget of the city of Moscow to religious organizations "in order to reimburse the costs associated with the preservation of objects of cultural heritage of religious significance, which are in state ownership", was a decision was made to finance the restoration work in the temple of Florus and Lavra.

In 2016, it is planned to complete the restoration of this object. In accordance with the approved schedule, work will continue on the quadrangle and the apse: restoration of white-stone stucco decoration, plaster and finishing layer, restoration of the basement, columns, cornices, granite porch, windows and doors, metal elements, marble window sills, insulation of the dome space, installation of granite floors, installation, as well as plastering and painting work (walls, arches, slopes).

In 2015, within the framework of the Moscow City Budget Subsidies Program, the ECHEL contractor company restored facades with decorative elements, roofing, columns, windows and doors in the bell tower and in the refectory.

History

The wooden church in Yamskaya Kolomenskaya Sloboda (on Zatsepa) was first mentioned in archival documents, according to various sources, in 1625 (1642). Initially, the temple with this name was located in the Polyanka area, where the Yamskaya Sloboda was then located. In 1593, the settlement was moved to Zatsepa, and the drivers built a new church with the same name as the previous one.

The wooden church on the present Dubininskaya street has been mentioned since 1642 - as "the church of the apostles Peter and Paul with the chapel of the martyrs Florus and Laurus in Kolomenskaya Yamskaya Sloboda." However, it was popularly known as the "Church of Florus and Lavra on the Zatsepa".

The choice of the name is not accidental. The Martyrs Flor and Laurus were revered in Russia as patrons of domestic animals, especially horses. The Day of Remembrance of Saints on August 18 (31) was often called a "horse holiday". One of the Novgorod legends says that once, through the prayers of the holy martyrs, the death of livestock stopped, after which they began to be glorified as patrons of animals.

After a fire on November 4, 1738, which completely destroyed the building, a temporary church was erected. Then it was decided to apply for permission to build a stone.

The main part of the currently existing stone church was erected in 1778. The side-chapels, the refectory and the bell tower were built in the Empire style in 1835. The final form of the church was consecrated in 1862.

Around 1909, a western extension was made for the sacristy. After the revolution, icons from other churches were brought to the temple, which were subject to demolition or closure. This is how the icon of the Holy Great Martyr Catherine from the Catherine Church on Bolshaya Ordynka and the miraculous icon of the Savior from the Panteleimon Chapel got into it.

In 1922, the parish was ruined during an action to confiscate church valuables: the temple was considered the richest in the area. At the same time, a large Zatsepsky market was opened nearby on the square. Fearing anti-Soviet outbreaks, the authorities decided not to close it while the valuables were being removed from the church, but took a subscription from the market committee that in the event of a violation of order, all goods would be confiscated, and members of the committee would be arrested. The threat worked: the merchants only cared about grabbing their goods “if something happened,” and dragged the curious boys away from the temple cordon.

Extant document:

Operational summary (legend) of the Moscow provincial commission for the seizure of church valuables on April 8, 1922

Zamoskvoretsky district.

1 church and 2 chapels were subject to confiscation in the Zamoskvoretsky district at 8 / IV: 1) the Church of Flora and Lavra, 2) the Chapel of the Kazan Mother of God at the Kaluga gate, and 3) the Chapel of Unexpected Joy at the Serpukhov gate.

The work began (the style is preserved - Ed.) From 10 o'clock in the morning, putting the entire apparatus on its feet, since the seizure was supposed to concern the richest church in the region - Flora and Lavra, located on Zatsepa, where a huge market is going. It was decided not to cover the market, but to take a subscription from the market committee of merchants that for the slightest hint of excesses all goods would be seized, and the council was arrested. The warning produced amazing results. There was no great revival in the market, the traders absentmindedly answered the questions of buyers, focusing all their attention on the possibility of collecting their belongings as quickly as possible at the right moment. Those boys who tried to get to the church were grabbed by the floors as tradesmen and pulled away with the appropriate edification. The work went smoothly.

Withdrawn:
From the Church of Florus and Laurus, valuables weighing 28 pounds 24 pounds 66 spools and 26 diamonds.
From the chapel of Our Lady of Kazan, valuables weighing 8 pounds, 90 spools.
From the Chapel of Unexpected Joy, valuables weighing 13 pounds.
Regional Commission R. Medved, Bazilevich.
(ll. 32.33) "

In 1933 he was arrested for "anti-Soviet agitation", and in 1937 the rector of the church, Archpriest Nikolai (Vinogradov), was shot. (The Jubilee Council of the Russian Orthodox Church, held in August 2000, canonized him (commemorated on November 27 (14)). Priest Dimitriy (Rozanov) was also shot. Both priests died at the Butovo training ground near Moscow.

In 1938, the church was handed over to the Renovationists. However, in 1940 it was closed anyway, because almost no one came here. The iconostasis was taken out, the wall paintings were whitewashed. In 1950, the authorities demolished the dome over the dome and decided to destroy the bell tower, but with the help of crowbars and pickaxes, the workers could not do this, everything was built firmly, for centuries. Then they decided to blow up the bell tower. They warned the surrounding residents to close the windows and doors, and blew them up. The upper part of the bell tower collapsed. On this and calmed down (everything was restored in 1997). The building of the temple was adapted for the factory of metallography and stamp and engraving works. This is a harmful electroplating production using acids.

The fate of the shrines of the temple, revered icons, remains unknown. In 1957, when the Festival of Youth and Students was held in Moscow, Moscow paths were festively strewn with crushed bricks of the church bell tower. Already 3 years later, the temple was recognized as an architectural monument and put on state records. However, the factory remained, and its production continued to damage the monument.

In 1978, research and design work on the restoration of the temple began, in particular, by 1985, a project was created to restore the bell tower and the dome, but these works were not implemented at that time.

By the decree of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR dated 04.12.1974 No. 624 the temple was classified as a cultural heritage site of federal significance. By the decision of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of People's Deputies No. 27 dated 01/08/1991, it was transferred to the community of believers of the Russian Orthodox Church. Since that time, regular services have been resumed at the parish, and repair and restoration work has begun.

One of the production workshops was cleared for holding services. On Easter, April 6, 1991, the first divine service was held. Production was finally stopped only by August of the same year "due to violation of environmental and fire regulations." The area around the temple was cleared of aluminum waste. About two meters of earth was removed under the altar of the chapel of the holy Martyrs Florus and Laurus: the factory poured production waste into the holes for the foundation.

By 1997, by the efforts of the community, the historical volumes of the bell tower were restored, the completion of the main dome was recreated, the bells were raised, three iconostases were written and installed, communications were partially replaced.

Who are Flor and Laurus?

According to the life, the brothers Flor and Laurus are Christian martyrs who lived in the II century in the Roman province of Illyria (the territory of modern Albania and Croatia). The Orthodox and Catholic Churches honor their memory on August 31 (old style 18).

Young men who converted to Christianity became famous as skilled masons and preachers of the new faith. For the destruction of pagan idols for the temple they built, the local ruler ordered that Flora and Laurus be thrown into a well and covered with earth. In the Middle Ages, Christians found the incorruptible relics of the brothers and transferred them to Constantinople; there is evidence that Russian pilgrims saw them in the XIII-XIV centuries.

According to legend, the discovery of the relics of Florus and Laurus was accompanied by a miracle: the death of livestock stopped in the vicinity. This is probably why in Russia these saints were considered patrons of animals, especially horses. Some ancient Russian canons even emphasize that horses should be depicted on their icons, although there is no such information in the life and foreign sources. Another interesting detail concerns the names of the saints: Flora was often called Frol, and Lavra was called Laver or Laver.

Popularity in Russia

Flora and Lavra were highly respected by the peasants and coachmen. On the day of commemoration of the saints, they did not work on horses, they fed them their fill, bathed and cleaned them. The hostesses baked special biscuits with the image of a horse's hoof. The horses were decorated with flowers and ribbons and brought to the church, where the priests sprinkled them with holy water. There are Russian sayings: “I begged Frol and Laurus - wait for the good for the horses”; "Frol and Laver got to the workhorse."

The people's love for these saints can also be judged by fiction. For example, the prayer of the hero of the epic novel “War and Peace” soldier Platon Karataev sounded like this: “Lord, Jesus Christ, Nikola the pleaser, Frol and Lavra, Lord Jesus Christ, Nikola the pleaser! Frola and Lavra, Lord Jesus Christ - have mercy and save us! - he concluded, bowed to the ground, got up and, sighing, sat down on his straw. " Another example from the classics, already Soviet: the priest Father Fyodor, a character in the novel by Ilf and Petrov "The Twelve Chairs", served in the church of Flora and Lavra.

But the main indicator of the popularity of the saints is the number of buildings that bear their name. According to some reports, at the beginning of the 20th century in Russia, there were about 250 chapels, churches and temples, consecrated in their honor or with side-chapels of Florus and Lavra. Only in Moscow there were five of them:

- two with chapels - the Church of the Three Saints on Kulishki (Maly Tryokhsvyatitelsky lane, 4/6) and the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity at the Ermakovskaya almshouse (Korolenko street, 2/23; now not active);

- three inscribed - the Church of Flora and Lavra at the Ermakovsky technical school (Prechistenskaya embankment, house 11), the Church of Flora and Lavra at the Myasnitsky gate (destroyed in 1935) and the Church of Flora and Lavra on Zatsepe, in Zamoskvorechye (Dubininskaya street, house 9, building 1).

There is a legend that the Church of Flora and Lavra stood near the walls of the Kremlin, therefore the gate was called Frolovskiy. The church was moved to the Myasnitskaya Sloboda allegedly by order of Ivan the Terrible, and in the middle of the 17th century an icon of the Savior Not Made by Hands was placed above the gate, and Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich ordered to call them Spassky. And from the church in Myasniki in Moscow, Frolov Lane remained in memory.

History of the Church on Zatsepa

According to one version, the name of Zatsepy Street, located next to the Paveletsky railway station, means “behind the chain”. At the end of the 17th century, Zemlyanoy Gorod, which later became the Garden Ring, was a customs border, and there was a guard post where all the carts entering the capital were stopped and examined. Gradually, the name entered a number of toponyms - the names of the square, rampart, dead end and several driveways.

The current Dubininskaya street received this name only in 1922, and earlier it was Kolomenskaya-Yamskaya. The first part indicates that the Kolomensky tract began from Zatsepa, and the second - that there was a Yamskaya settlement, one of several in the city. She moved here from Polyanka at the end of the 16th century. It was thanks to the coachmen in 1625 that the church of Florus and Laurus appeared on this place, then still wooden. It stood for a little over a century, and burned down in 1738.

At the request of local parishioners, a year later a stone church was built here, but under a different name - it was consecrated in honor of the icon of the Mother of God “Joy of All Who Sorrow”. In 1835, its bell tower, side-altars and refectory were rebuilt in the Empire style, and in 1861-1862 - and the main volume (quadruple). In 1909, the church expanded with the western narthex (annexes).

After the revolution, the temple turned into a kind of warehouse of church values: icons, shrines and utensils from all over Moscow, including the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, were brought here. Services were held irregularly, and in 1937 they practically ceased, because the rector, Archpriest Nikolai Vinogradov, was arrested and shot "for anti-Soviet agitation." In 1938, the temple was finally closed, and it acquired unusual functions: judging by the archives of the Moscow City Council, part of the premises was occupied by the club of the blind, which in 1940 leased the area to the zoo.

After some time, a factory of metallographic and engraving works was located in the former church. The production turned out to be harmful in every sense: some wall paintings were destroyed, others were painted over, and the rest of the decor suffered from acid-base fumes and vibration of equipment. The tram ring around the temple also made its contribution: tram A - the famous "Annushka" turned around here.

The building has changed a lot from the inside and outside: partitions and interfloor ceilings appeared in it, and the head of the dome disappeared. In 1957, they tried to blow up the bell tower, but the base survived, only the upper tiers collapsed. There is a version that the material from which they were made turned ... into a festive decoration: some streets were sprinkled with crushed bricks in honor of the VI International Festival of Youth and Students. However, maybe this is one of the urban legends.

In 1960, the building was belatedly recognized as an architectural monument and came under state protection, but only nominally: the production remained in place. The factory began to be transferred to a building on Zhukovy proezd (building 21) only in 1989, but the workshops continued to operate for several more years. In January 1991, the city officially handed over the building of the church to the Russian Orthodox Church, and on April 7, on Easter, a divine service was held there after a long break. It is noteworthy that it was the chapel of the holy Martyrs Florus and Laurus that was consecrated first. And now the church bears two names - the temple of the icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow" and the Temple of Flora and Lavra on Zatsepa.

Long-awaited restoration

Research and design studies for the restoration of the temple began in 1978. By 1985, a plan for the restoration of the bell tower and the dome appeared, but its implementation began only ten years later. The Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church received the building "in an unsatisfactory technical condition" and, by the decision of the City Council, had to carry out repair and restoration and restoration work at the expense of its own forces and funds. The recovery proceeded slowly and was interrupted many times.

In 2015, the church was included in the city's program to support cultural heritage sites. The city provided the patriarchy with a targeted subsidy. The work took a year and a half - from June 2015 to December 2016.

The restoration has affected all elements of the building:

- facade - the head and cross, light drum, rotunda and porticoes, northern and southern porches (including stone steps) have been updated, stucco decoration has been recreated, protective plaster has been applied;

- dome - a unique system of wooden rafters was recreated, hydro- and vapor barrier and insulation of the brickwork of the vault were carried out;

- interior - in the main entrance and vestibule, most of the wooden parts were replaced, in the temple itself, floors were made of stone slabs (instead of a wooden covering);

- engineering systems - water and heat supply of the building is organized, electricity and telephony are established, domestic sewerage is arranged, lightning protection is installed.

The Moscow government acknowledged that all work was carried out at a high professional level and awarded the project leaders with a competition award. This was the end of the restoration of the Temple of Florus and Laurus, formally begun almost 40 years ago.

Used sources

1. Sts. torment. Flora and Lavra // Lives of the saints revered by the Orthodox Russian Church, as well as those revered by the Greek Church, South Slavic, Georgian and locally revered in Russia. - No. 7-8: July - August / D.I. Protopopov. - M.: D.I. Presnov, 1885 .-- S. 289-291.
2. S.K. Romanyuk Side streets of old Moscow. History. Architectural monuments. Routes. M., 2016.S. 259-260.
3. Tolstoy L.N. Full composition of writings. - T. 12: War and Peace. T. 4. - M.: Fiction, 1940. - S. 47-48.
4. TsGAM: F.179. Op. 20.D. 2570.L. 20.
5. Decision of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of Workers No. 1016 of 05/19/1940. TsGAM. F. R-150, Op. 1, D. 623, L. 114.
6. Architectural monuments of Moscow, which are under state protection. Moscow, 1980.S. 68.
7. Decision of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of People's Deputies No. 1225 dated 06/22/1989. TsGAM: F. R-150, Op. 1, D. 6430, L. 210-211.
8. Decision of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of People's Deputies No. 27 dated 01/08/1991. TsGAM: F. R-150, Op. 1, D. 6627, L. 368-369.

The documents were provided by the Main Archive Directorate of the city of Moscow.

During the years of Soviet power, more than three hundred and thirty churches were demolished in Moscow. There are three hundred thirty-four of them listed on the Internet. Thirteen of them are in the Kremlin alone.
Among them is the oldest temple in Moscow - built in 1300 - the Savior on Bor.

Today I will only tell you about three of these demolished temples. By the way, there is hope that two of them will be restored - since the place where they stood was left undeveloped.

One of these churches stood on this spot, at the corner of Myasnitskaya Street and Bobrov Lane. The alley is named after a seventeenth century merchant nicknamed Beaver. On the site of the house number 21 on Myasnitskaya, his chambers were located in the seventeenth century.

Then this site was acquired by Ivan Ilyich Dmitriev-Mamonov, a prominent figure of Peter's time, a general, a participant in the Battle of Poltava. He was married by a morganatic marriage to the daughter of Tsar Ivan Alekseevich - Praskovya Ioannovna.

Ivan Ilyich Dmitriev Mamonov was buried near the Church of Flora and Lavra.

This is how the Moscow historian Alexei Fedorovich Malinovsky wrote about this church:

"Frol and Lavra with the side-chapel of St. Apostles Peter and Paul at the Myasnitsky Gate, which was ordered to be called Frolovsky by a decree on April 16 on April 16, and the street - Frolovskoy, but the former familiar name of both the gate and the street has survived to this day. , rough Gothic architecture, about five round chapters, and the pyramidal bell tower, in the inventory of 1620 is listed as wooden, and after [author's pass] years it was built by the boyar konyushim [author's pass] stone ".

As you can see, Malinovsky described this little church rather dismissively. However, this was the only temple of Florus and Lavr in Moscow - and this was already unique. There was also a temple of these saints in the coachmen settlement on Zatsepa (now the Paveletsky railway station area), but in 1628 the main altar of the church was already consecrated in honor of Peter and Paul, and later it was rededicated in the name of the icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow". In this church, only the throne in the name of Florus and Laurus remained - it is in this church even now.

Saints Florus and Laurus in Russia were considered the patrons of horses. It is interesting that it was Malinovsky who wrote (and I never found this information from anyone else) that there were sovereign stables on Myasnitskaya near the Church of Flora and Lavra. And the Stables yard in the Kremlin - Malinovsky writes - was built during the reign of Tsar Theodore II (the son of Boris Godunov), and was then called the Argamach yard.

Frolovskaya was formerly called the Kremlin's Spasskaya Tower. Malinovsky writes that this tower of the Kremlin was called Frolovskaya since the time of Dmitry Donskoy. Apparently, at the time of Donskoy, the first church of Flora and Lavra was built in the Kremlin - near the gate. There - probably - was then the prince's stable settlement. (The Spasskaya Tower became after Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich placed the image of the Savior Not Made by Hands on it and gave a decree of April 16, 1658, where he ordered to call the Frolovskaya Tower - Spasskaya).

Tsar Ivan the Terrible moved the settlement from the Kremlin to the Myasnitsky Gate. At least, there is evidence that it was Grozny who moved the church of Flora and Lavra to the Myasnitsky Gate - then still - of course, wooden. But - since Malinovsky - whose words we cannot but trust - writes that the Church of Florus and Laurus had sovereign stables, it is logical to assume that they were transferred here along with the temple - by order of Tsar John the First (Fourth). And then they were transferred back to the Kremlin - by order of Theodore II; but the temple was no longer moved - and it remained in this place - until 1935. In 1935, the first line of the Moscow metro was laid - and during the construction of the Chistye Prudy station - the Church of Flora and Lavra was demolished. Valentin Kataev, in his book "My Diamond Crown", wrote: "This church suddenly seems to have disappeared, turned into a boardwalk at the Metrostroy concrete plant, always covered with a layer of greenish cement dust."

Metro workers who lived in this barrack discovered an underground passage in the floor. Rumors spread about the found Moscow treasure. But the course quickly fell asleep, and the rumors stopped. So until now, nothing is known about him.

The Church of Florus and Laurus was famous for the fact that horses were brought to it from all over Russia - on the horse holiday - August 18 (30) - the Day of Saints Florus and Laurus. On this day, the horses were sprinkled with holy water and a prayer service was served for their health. "I pleaded with Flora and Lavra - wait for the good for the horses!" - said the people. Florus and Laurus are Christian brothers of the 2nd century who lived in Illyricum. They were stone cutters. As masons, the brothers were involved in the construction of a pagan temple in Constantinople. Flor and Laurus persuaded other workers to destroy the pagan idols and plant the Cross in their place. The brothers were thrown alive into a well and covered with earth. After a while, the loss of livestock began in Constantinople. And from a forgotten well, a source gushed out. The water from this spring proved to be healing for sick animals. The well was dug, and the relics of the brothers were found incorrupt. Flora and Laurus were canonized as Christian saints, and they became patrons of livestock. And in Russia they were revered primarily as patrons of horses.

In this temple - Flora and Laurus, - stone from 1657 - there were images of ancient sages - Plato, Aristotle and Solon. Similar images are found only in the Annunciation Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin - the home church of the Russian tsars and also in the Transfiguration Cathedral of the Novospassky Monastery.

In general, this temple, modest by Moscow standards - Flora and Lavra on Myasnitskaya - was some kind of mystery. Both the underground passage and the images that are characteristic of royal temples. (The Novospassky monastery is the burial place of the Romanov boyars, the Romanov tomb. In particular, the nun Dosithea - Princess Tarakanova is buried there).

It is a pity that Moscow has lost this unique temple. It would be nice to be restored. But - of course - it will be just a "remake" ... But nevertheless - it is better and more correct that on this place - how many centuries in a row - the Temple of Florus and the ugly building of the theater of Alexander Kalyagin with a pretentious - in my opinion - name: "Et cetera ...".

* The porch of the Transfiguration Cathedral, like the entire church, is entirely painted with images. The most remarkable of them are the images of 10 ancient Greek philosophers at the entrance to the porch from the east side on both sides. They all have scrolls in their hands with some kind of dictum written out. On the right side are depicted: Orpheus, Homer, Solon, Plato and Ptolemy, on the left Hermias, Anacharis, Aristotle, Plutarch and Herodion. / The history of the Novospassky monastery and its connection with the Romanovs. M. Markabov, candidate of physical and mathematical sciences.

No, alas! Kalyagin won! On the site of the Temple, the second building of the Et cetera theater is being built.

In his address - even to Yu.M. The artist wrote to Luzhkov - how, they say, can it be agreed that the funeral service for the deceased in the church, and comedy play in the theater?

And now the comedy will be played right over the cemetery burial, over the hero of the Battle of Poltava I.I. Dmitriev-Mamonov, who was buried at the church of Florus and Laurus, and over many other dead. It's nothing. This is consistent! ..

Apparently, this temple will no longer be restored. Theatrical grabbers won.

Fig I will now listen and watch the best number of the artist Kalyagin - the song "Charley's aunt" to the words of Robert Burns! I don't believe him now. "Love and poverty forever (him) caught in the net? .." Do not tell! Robert Burns and I are now separate, and theatrical businessmen who do not respect Russian (and therefore no) culture are separate.

Il .: A.M. Vasnetsov. Myasnitskaya street. Near the Myasnitsky Gate. (On the left is the Temple of Florus and Laurus.)

I continue to travel to the closed Moscow mansions and restored churches as part of the excursions of the Department of Cultural Heritage of the city of Moscow. This time I managed to shoot for you the interiors of the most beautiful church of Florus and Lavra on Zatsepa. In Soviet times, we almost lost this church: the communists placed metallographic and engraving factories in it, destroyed all the utensils and the layout of the church, and shot the abbot of the church, Nikolai Vinogradov ...

Production work in the old church lasted until 1991. From that moment on, the parish life of the Church of Florus and Laurus gradually began to revive. The final stage in the restoration of the temple in its original splendor was the painting of its walls. The best Moscow icon painters took part in this painstaking process. The result of their labors surpassed all expectations! Looking at the frescoes of the Temple of Florus and Laurus, it is hard to believe that they were created in modern times.

I invite you to admire the Temple of Florus and Laurus on Zatsepa and enjoy the wonderful story of its salvation. In this post you will see many photos of the interiors of the temple and brief information about its history. And, of course, I will tell you about the excursion that took place recently. Why is the temple of Florus and Lavra called the temple "on the Zatsepa"? When was it built? What irreparable harm did the Bolsheviks do to the church? And what deeds did the restorers accomplish saving him?

Date of photos: May 29, 2018

2. In 1685 - 1722 on the territory of this district of Moscow there was a customs border of Moscow.

3. A chain was stretched along the street and the carts "behind the chain" advanced to the customs office for inspection. Therefore, streets, squares, ramparts, driveways and a dead end were named Zatsepskih.

On May 23, as part of the project of the Department of Cultural Heritage of the city of Moscow for holding events at cultural heritage sites, an excursion to the Temple of Flora and Lavra on Zatsepa was organized for representatives of the Administration and the Municipal District of the Zamoskvorechye District, as well as the 5th District Council of Veterans. Valery Strakhov, a specialist in cult architecture, told the tourists about the history of the temple and its restoration, the peculiarities of temple architecture.

4.

5 ... In the early nineties of the XX century, two churches in honor of the holy martyrs Florus and Laurus, located on the road from Moscow to Kashira, were returned to the Orthodox Church. The first temple is in Moscow, in Yamskaya Kolomenskaya Sloboda (on the Zatsepa).

The history of the Temple on Zatsepa is firmly connected with the ancient Yamskaya Kolomenskaya Sloboda, which stretches from the Zatsepsky Val to the Danilovskaya Sloboda. The coachmen of the Kolomenskaya Sloboda, who venerated the patrons of livestock, Saints Florus and Laurus, built a parish church named after these saints for themselves.

7.

8. The blessing for the battle with Mamai was received by the holy noble prince Demetrius of Donskoy from the Monk Sergius of Radonezh on the feast day of the holy martyrs Florus and Laurus.

In official documents, the temple bore the name of the apostles Peter and Paul, but among the people the name “Church of Flora and Lavra on the Zatsepa” was firmly entrenched in it.

10.

11. Before the destruction, the bell tower of the temple housed a bell weighing 13 tons. The largest bell now weighs 5.3 tons.

In 1738, a stone church was built on the site of a burnt wooden church, which became the center of the religious and cultural life of the Yamskaya Sloboda. In 1835 the temple was reconstructed according to the project of the architect Orderov (Ordenov).

13. Since 1924, utensils, icons and shrines from the closing Moscow churches, including from the blown up Cathedral of Christ the Savior, have been demolished into the temple.

Empire-style side-chapels, a refectory and a bell tower were added to the temple. In 1861-1862, a new four-sided building was erected.

16.

In 1908 the temple was restored. Iconostases and wall paintings were restored inside the church. The chapters on the bell tower and the church were re-gilded.

19.

20. In the second half of 1938, the temple was officially closed and the building was transferred to the workshop of a metallographic and engraving factory, partitions and three floors were erected, wall paintings were painted over and partially destroyed.

During the years of Soviet power, the Temple of Florus and Lavra was closed, and since 1938, a workshop of a metallographic and engraving factory has been located in its building.

22.

Since 1960, the building of the temple was recognized as an architectural monument and placed under state protection, but it continued to be used for production purposes.

25.

26. In 1957, the crushed red brick of the upper tier of the bell tower of the church was used for sprinkling the paths to prepare Moscow for the celebration of the Festival of Youth and Students.

27. Since 1960, the building of the temple has been recognized as an architectural monument and placed under state protection, but it continues to be used for production purposes.

The guests of the excursion listened to the guide's story with great interest. The guide told the visitors that a large-scale restoration had recently finished inside the temple, and drew the guests' attention to the wall paintings restored from the surviving remains.

28. The decision to transfer the temple to the Russian Orthodox Church was made on January 8, 1991. One of the production workshops was cleared for holding services.

30. The area around the temple was cleared of aluminum waste. About two meters of earth was removed under the altar of the chapel of the holy Martyrs Florus and Laurus: the factory was pouring waste from its production into the holes for the foundation.

Valery Strakhov also showed the excursionists a memorial sign that adorns the Temple. In 2015-2016, restoration work was carried out on the facades. The roof of the bell tower dome was cleaned and painted, and the lost fragments were added.

31. By 1997, the drum and the dome over the dome of the church and the upper tiers of the bell tower were restored, and other restoration work was carried out. The bell tower with the head has been recreated.

32. The revival of wall paintings in the temple began in 2015.

33. Today, the temple has been restored by waves and is simply magnificent!

This work became a laureate of the Moscow Restoration-2016 competition in the Best Organization of Repair and Restoration Work nomination. It is to this award that the aforementioned sign is dedicated. The excursion ended with an ascent to the bell tower. The sightseers were very pleased with the visit to the Temple. They asked Valery a lot of clarifying questions. They were especially interested in the prospects for the restoration of the Temple - the erection of fences and the improvement of the territory around the temple.

Sorrowful Church. 4 March 2017 Moscow Church in the name of Florus and Laurus (in honor of the icon of the Mother of God of All Who Sorrow Joy) on Zatsepa, in Kolomenskaya Yamskaya Sloboda (Moscow diocese)

The wooden church in the name of the holy martyrs Florus and Laurus in Kolomenskaya Yamskaya Sloboda has been documented for a year. But it is also known that the church existed before the Romanovs, since it received a swearing, and from ancient times it was called "Flora and Lavra in Yamskaya Sloboda".

From a year on, the main altar of the church was dedicated for some time to the holy apostles Peter and Paul. In the year there was a side-altar in the name of St. Nicholas. Later, the throne in honor of the icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow" became the main throne, and the Nikolsky side-altar was abolished. By tradition, the temple continued to be called Floro-Lavra.

The church burned down in a year. On October 24, priest Sergiy Ivanov and parishioners received permission "Instead of the burnt one, build a new church with the designated side-chapel." In September, a church with a side-chapel was built in the name of the holy apostles Peter and Paul.

The modern church building was built in the year.

On April 8, 1829, the priest and parishioners turned to the Moscow Ecclesiastical Consistory with a request "to allow the Sorrowful Church in Yamskaya Kolomenskaya Sloboda, due to its dilapidation, to rebuild a stone church, with the addition of a chapel in the name of the Holy Martyrs Florus and Laurus on the north side of the meal." ... However, the Commission for Buildings in Moscow did not approve the plan presented at that time and permission was not received from the Consistory.

On July 31, the Church of Sorrow, in Yamskaya Kolomenskaya Sloboda, priest Alexei Ivanov with the clergyman and parishioners addressed His Eminence Philaret, Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomenskoye, with a special petition. They asked for permission to rebuild a stone church building instead of the present parish church, which was falling into disrepair. At the request of the bishop, the plan of the architect, academician Shestakov was presented. The plan indicated the supposed church building with an addition to the meal, on the north side of the chapel in the name of the holy martyrs Florus and Laurus. On November 12, 1833, it was decided to issue the church-created charter to the petitioners from the Consistory.

In the year a new building of the temple was built. The currently existing thrones were set up in it: the main one - in honor of the icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow", and the side-altars - in the name of Sts. app. Peter and Paul and Sts. mchch. Flora and Lavra.

Later, partial alterations and improvements were made to the temple building built in 1839. In the year the main quadrangle of the temple was dismantled, and in the year the current main church in honor of the icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow" was built and consecrated.

The exterior of the church was repaired during the year. Inside the church, the iconostases and wall paintings were restored. The chapters on the bell tower and the church were re-gilded. After the renovation, the temple was consecrated again.

Western extensions were added to the temple in the year.

Since 1924, utensils, icons and shrines from the closing Moscow churches, including from the blown up Cathedral of Christ the Savior, have been demolished into the temple.

The rector of the church was arrested that year, and until the middle of the year, services in the church are held only sporadically. In the second half of 1938, the temple was officially closed and the building was transferred to the workshop of a metallographic and engraving factory, partitions and three floors were erected, wall paintings were painted over and partially destroyed. The dome over the main volume of the church has been disassembled.

In the year, the upper tiers of the bell tower were demolished, the crushed red brick of the bell tower of the temple was used for sprinkling paths to prepare Moscow for the celebration of the Festival of Youth and Students.

Since the year the building of the temple has been recognized as an architectural monument and placed under state protection, however, it continues to be used for production purposes. In the year, research and design work on the restoration of the temple begins. By the year, a project was created to restore the bell tower and the dome, but the work was not done.

The decision to transfer the temple to the Russian Orthodox Church was made on January 8, 1991. One of the production workshops was cleared for holding services. On Easter, April 6, 1991, the first divine service was held. Production was finally stopped only by August of the same year due to violation of environmental and fire regulations. The area around the temple was cleared of aluminum waste. About two meters of earth was removed under the altar of the chapel of the holy Martyrs Florus and Laurus: the factory was pouring waste from its production into the holes for the foundation.

By the year, the drum and the dome over the dome of the church and the upper tiers of the bell tower were restored, and other restoration work was carried out. The bell tower with the head has been recreated. Before the destruction, the bell tower of the temple housed a bell weighing 13 tons. The largest bell now weighs 5.3 tons. The facades of the temple were decorated with mosaic icons.