How to calculate the height of the roof
What is important to know for calculations and what bugs threatens
- Types and forms of modern roofs
- Sking run and tilt corners
- Calculations of the height of roofs of different forms
- Calculation of the roof using online resources
- What to take into account, starting to calculate the roof
The final stage of building any house (be it a spacious main home or a small country house) becomes the arrangement of the roof. It is she who gives the exterior a presentable and completed appearance. But at the same time performs a very important function - maintains heat, creates a cozy, most comfortable and pleasant atmosphere inside. It is this element of any structure without exaggeration called one of the most important.
What depends on the height of the structure and what takes into account, performing premonst calculations
It is especially important to know how to calculate the height of the roof for the house, and accurately understand how to make it right. That is why you need to pay for some time to study this issue. Inaccuracies made in premacent computing, lead to serious problems with which it is too difficult to cope. Often to eliminate errors have to start working on the design of the roofing.
For example, if the rods are made with a small tilt angle, such a design will cause serious harm to winter snowfalls (due to snow accumulation there is a risk that will be a roof break). It is logical to assume that you can simply make a tall horse and all the problems will be solved. But this is not the case, because too high the roof is the most vulnerable to the gusts of the wind.
- the total square of the facilities;
- climatic conditions (as you have already guessed, in the regions with snowy winters, sloping roofs are not recommended, optimal for warm continents);
- material for the arrangement of the roof, as well as crates;
- selected shape;
- the height of the main building;
- personal preferences and tastes of the host.
A number of other factors are largely affected by the parameters of the design, for example, direct dependence is from the layer of the laid insulation or the installation of snow concreteners. The sizes of the skate are associated with the features of the rafter system, but at the same time can increase the total area of \u200b\u200bthe roof and the number of materials required for its arrangement.
Everything described above confirms the fact that the strength of the structure, the durability of its operation, the aesthetics and harmony of the external appearance of the construction depends on the size of the roof.
What types of modern roofing structures are common
The roof type has the most direct effect on the calculation and the formulas used for it, as well as the value and, consequently, the consumption of material to be purchased for the roof arrangement.
Today, such structures are erected most often:
- single one (it is preferable to use for household buildings);
- double (most popular for residential buildings);
- four-page. Also an excellent choice for residential buildings. Here are a variety of options: spectacular tent (the characteristic feature of which is the same size and shape of all rods) or complex hip (their feature is the participation of two triangular hips and two slopes with a break (trapezoid form));
- mansard (consists of two slopes, but necessarily with a break). This break allows you to increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe attic.
Cracker and determination of rational angles of slope
For calculations of different forms of roof, this value is used as the size of the skate. Under this title is understood to be the top, horizontally located rib design, which was formed when crossing two rocks of the roof (inclined planes).
There is a horse on all types of roofs, except for tents and dome.
If the design is a simple two-bundle, then it is one, if the complex - then the skates are formed from two or more. On the skate runs, during the construction of the roof, rafting legs are based on, and on the basis of which roofing material is selected for the final coating, the base of the skate is selected.
Know how to calculate the height of the roof correctly, it is necessary for the construction of a reliable and durable design, as well as to predict the preliminary costs of construction, and schedule the budget. In the calculations of the rational angle of inclination, the material is taken into account from which it was decided to lay roof: some roofing coatings can be laid at an angle of up to 90 degrees, while others are only 15 to 60 degrees.
Selecting, with what tilt of the planes to choose a roof for your home, it is necessary to take into account the functionality, the overall appearance of the resulting structures (because you want to get aesthetic structure) and climatic conditions. As practice shows, for European countries, an angle of 35-40 degrees can be called an ideal solution.
Examples of calculations that are easy to do
In principle, if we are talking about the simple structures of the roof, you will need quite a bit in order to calculate the height of the roof: a calculator and several well-known principles from the basics of geometry that are taught on the school program.
We take the basic principle of calculation from the rule that the length of one category in the rectangular triangle will be equal to the length of another if it is multiplied by a tangent angle formed with the base.
we measure the width of the structure (for example, we have a four-meter house);
we accept an angle value of 35 degrees (as recommended optimal option for European latitudes);
calculate the tangent, it is obtained for this angle of 0,7002;
4 meters * 0,7002 \u003d 2.8 meters.
If a two-tie design is selected, then in this case the height of the skate is also very simple: the width of the house can be divided into "two", and then multiply by the tangent angle formed by the slope of the skates. Consider for clarity described above how to calculate the height of the two-sheet roof on the example of a house that the width will be 10 meters . So, for computing:
we accept an angle equal to 35 degrees;
calculate tangent, it turns out 0,7002;
10 meters / 2 * 0,7002 \u003d 3.5 meters.
The most applied to date are four-minded structures, and for their calculation, you can use the same principle (formula), as for how to calculate the height of the drift of the two-tie roof, but only the width of the house is not divided into four, and four. Plus, engaged in calculations for a four-piece roof, it is important to take into account the length of the skate run directly, as well as the rafter system.
The most complex calculations accompanied the arrangement of the roof of an attic type, a characteristic feature of which can be called the presence of two slopes with a break, which on the part makes it a general appearance as if "broken". The arrangement of the lone of the roof will increase the functional area of \u200b\u200bthe attic. The calculation of the holm roof is based on the example of the calculation of the height of the duplex, but should not forget that the roof does not have one angle of inclination, but several. Before moving to settlement operations, it is necessary to decide on them. Practice shows that it is best to choose such values \u200b\u200bof the corners:
for the lower - over 40 degrees;
for the rest - less than 40 degrees, but necessarily more than 15.
To simplify the calculations, but at the same time get the most accurate result, experts prefer to use the " golden section "For this, in the drawing, the roof circuit fit into the circle. By resorting to this successful rule, it is possible to solve the question without any problems, how to correctly calculate the height of the roof, and most importantly, to avoid inaccuracies in the calculation, which in practice will lead to the fact that the general type of construction will be inesticatory, non-harmonic and simply urgent.
Where can I ask for help: online resource and consultants
If the erected roof of a complex shape, then it requires more volumetric, long-term calculations. For calculations, data on the cross section of the rafter, step between them, the magnitude of the rafter structures is used. In addition, the size of the roofing windows, chimneys, the presence of parapets and soles is taken, will necessarily need to analyze the possibility of support and endurance of the foundation.
Today, anyone who does not know how to calculate the height of the roof, to make it can, contacting the assistants, to find which you can on the Internet. It can be specialists who are ready to provide such services online, or a special Internet resource called "Calculator", in which case the site visitor enters the requested data and the system produces calculations on them.
Choosing, to whom to ask for help, remember that the hip roof - the design is not cheap, so it does not tolerate errors and inaccuracies. The correctness of the calculations must be guaranteed. For newbies, the calculation of four-tight, hip and tent roofs are quite complex, so they are better to entrust the designer specialist with experience in this area. You can independently deal with only calculations relating to single-table structures for housekeepings and garages, or simple bounce, built to cover a small country house.
The calculations of the roof parameters is the most important stage,
concerning the roofing structure. It is his result and accuracy that affects how reliable will be a construction, how long it will last whether an attractive and harmonious appearance will have. No need to regret the time and strength to double-check the results and make sure of their accuracy. This is a guarantee that you will have the most durable house designed for many years of exploitation and ensures comfort, comfort and heat.
Accurate and correctly calculated data will help to avoid excessive costs for the purchase of materials, and this is reasonable savings in construction.
When building any building, one of the most significant moments are the correct calculation of the height of the roof ridge, as well as its area. With a low height of the skate on the roof, a large amount of snow can be collected, which will create an additional load on the entire design. On the other hand, with a sufficiently high ice skating and a large coating area, the roof sailiness increases, which can become a problem with strong wind. Therefore, it is important to know how to calculate the height of the roof ridge, preventing its premature destruction.
Features of the roof design
When designing any building, it is important to correctly calculate the roof parameters. All possible loads, as well as the required number of roofing materials, must be taken into account. At the same time, one of the main parameters will be the right slope of the structure. In typical bounce roofs, the skates usually have a slope of 12-45 degrees. A direct dependence of this angle of inclination on the roof of the roof of the building is known for the roof of the roof.
Note! It is necessary to make additional strengthening of the rafter system, which will entail additional construction costs. If we reduce the slope slope, then an increase in the load on all structural elements due to atmospheric precipitation will occur.
It is equally important to calculate the sling system correctly. It is caused by the transmission of a total load from the rafter feet to the bearing walls of the building. In turn, the rafter legs are determined by the size of their cross section and length. Such structural elements are selected on the basis of which active loads turn out to be on the roof, given the angle of the skates. To ensure the necessary stock of strength, experts recommend somewhat increasing the results of the calculations of the thickness of the rafter feet.
Since the roof configuration may be different, the calculation of the necessary parameters will be made depending on some features. For the correct calculation of the height of the roof, you should always take into account the number of skates and its form. Neglect of such characteristics will result in errors in the calculations. Without having such data, it is impossible to determine the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof, as well as calculate the required amount of materials for the roofing device. The height of the skate affects the length and configuration of the rafted.
main parameters
Building your own home, each owner will be faced with the calculation of the height of the roof level. Before determining such a parameter, it is necessary to take into account the following nuances:
- number of skates;
- the presence of a residential attic or a attic;
- the angle of slope, given the possible atmospheric precipitation;
- selected roofing material.
At the same time, it should be considered a simple dependence of the number of drop-down precipitation and the angle of inclination of the skates. The amount of material required for the roofing device can be determined, pre-calculated the height of the roof. In practice, an increase in 45 degrees implies an increase in the cost of the roof by 1.5 times compared with the design of a flat skate.
It is believed that regulatory requirements for the building determine the proportions and height of the rod of the roof. Meanwhile, such a parameter can be treated, knowing the actual dimensions of the walls of the structure. At the same time, the calculation of the height of the skate can be determined using the simplest geometric formulas. To do this, you need to know the width of the structure, as well as an angle that determines the slope of the roofing rods.
Calculations
Parameters such as the height of the roof ridge and the angle of inclination of its slide are associated with direct dependence. In addition, the selected roofing material also affects the angle of inclination of the roof. For example, a soft tile can be laid on the roof having a slope of 11-90 degrees. Ceramic tile requires limiting to 60 degrees.
It is also necessary to take into account the aesthetic component, so it is necessary to provide matching the height of the ridge of the roof of the building. The fact is that overly flat or too high roofing may adversely affect the appearance of the facility. Given the existing climatic conditions, the most optimal option is considered to be the angle of inclination of the roof, which is 35-45 degrees. The roof having a more flat design will be exposed to high loads due to drop-down precipitation.
If we take the height of the skate for one of the cathets of the rectangular triangle, then half the width of the building will be half the category. Accordingly, the length of the skate will be considered hypotenuse. In accordance with the trigonometric formula, the length of the category in such a triangle will be equal to the length of the second category multiplied by the value of the angle tangent at the base. For example, take the width of the building in 6 m at an angle of inclination of the roof of the roof of 40 degrees. Turning to the trigonometric table of the brady, we determine the tangent angle of 40 degrees. It will be equal to 0.83. It turns out that half of the width of the house - 3 meters must be multiplied by 0.83. As a result, we obtain the height of the roof of such a building, which will be 2.49 m.
Any type of building at the end of construction clearly emphasizes the roof. But you should know how to calculate the height of the roof correctly, because many factors depend on it. From how correctly the calculations and the type of material is selected, the comfort of a person will depend on accommodation in this room. Also, this nuance directly affects significant savings at the time of purchasing lumber.
To determine the calculations, it should be understood which roof form is necessary for the construction of the building. It not only needs to protect the structure from an external environment, but also complement the whole building in general. The most popular and extensively used form of the roof is two-tie. It is simple both in the calculations and in the installation.
The hip-type roof is significantly different from the classical option, as it has in its composition not two skates, and four. Triangular Skates, which are located on the sides are called Valmami. Also one of the most popular roofs is called the tent, which also contains four skates. So that they all have smooth sides, you should know how to calculate the height of the roof from the skates to the skate.
The main parameters of the roof
Performing the construction of your own house, each owner is asked how to calculate the height of the roof. The answer is really simple: it should be mandatory, pay attention at the time of the calculations on some nuances. Consider them:
- number of skates;
- there is an attic room or not;
- the magnitude of the slopes of the skates;
- type of material that is used in roofing.
On how to calculate the height of the roof, may affect the location of the house. Deciding with the direction of wind and other climatic factors, in size of the building frame, calculate the height of the skate using geometric calculations. To do this, you need to know the width of the structure and angles that determine the slope of the roof rods.
The height of the roof with a mansard room
If planned with the attic room, then you should know how to calculate the height of the roof of the house unmistakably. To do this, it is necessary first to decide which type of roof will be erected:
- roof with one or two slopes;
- to calculate the slopes of the skates, you need to pay special attention to the strength of the wind, the rate of precipitation of different shapes;
- when choosing roofing elements, it must be remembered that the slope must correspond to the characteristics of the materials.
The type of roof should be planned, as the attic room must have a spacious square. It is important that the room, located on the roof, was bright. To do this, you need to install windows from a sunny side. The height of the roof should not be too big, as it takes a lot of building material on its device. In this regard, there will have to incur significant financial costs. In the case of a hollow roofing, an attic room will be spacious, light, and the height of the skate will be small.
Moments that should be taken into account during the calculation of the height of the roof
According to experts, the roof is the most important part of the building. If its installation will be performed correctly, then it will also give the aesthetic look around the house. In order to correctly determine how to calculate the height must be taken into account by some factors, such as:
- the number of rods, as well as angles of inclination;
- shape;
- the level of height of the whole structure as a whole;
- climatic conditions;
- types of building elements;
- the desire of the owner.
In addition, the size of the roof can be increased with the help of the skate, since the number of rafters on the roof depends on it. Therefore, the first thing in the calculation is calculated and then the magnitude and number of rafters in the roof system are calculated. Due to these calculations, the total area of \u200b\u200bthe coating will be known. These data will help to calculate the number of materials that will be required for construction.
Roofing Materials
Many owners who do not have experience in construction work wish to spend them with their own hands. But many do not know how to do it right, and what materials will be required to perform the roofing device. The list of required materials includes:
- doom;
- nails;
- rafters;
- subcording;
- insulation;
- vaporizoation;
- roofing;
- screws.
If all counts are spent correctly, the entire design will not only complement the house, but also to protect it from an external environment.
Landmarks for determining the height of the skate
Horse is a horizontally located edge, on which the connections of the side planes are formed. With his help, you can understand how to calculate the height of the skate of the building. These parameters are the main value in carrying out calculations. In the event that the height of the roof is incorrectly calculated, then in addition to violations in aesthetics there will be technical problems during the operation of the building. It often happens that the owner wants to embody such ideas that are prohibited by technical considerations in the roofing device.
To make the roof design it is easier to make uniform, perform it as a triangle. This option is widely used in construction. Also, a two-buck type roofs with asymmetric sides of the rods are often erected. The angle of inclination is most often the same in such roofs, because the level of the height of the skate is calculated using the standard option.
Walm roofing system
In order to carry out installation, you should know how to calculate the height and which material will be required. The main components of the roof of this type:
- Sking board. It is placed at the top of the whole design and is in the very center. This element is considered an important part in the rapid system.
- The rafting guides are the basis for which the lamp is fixed.
- Sound rafters are designed to perceive the main part of the structure.
- Walm rafters are elements in the complex roof system.
Deciding with the elements of the rafter system, you can safely begin a hip type.
Calculation of a four-page roof
Four-tie roofing device can have two types: Walm and tent. Therefore, many ask themselves the question of how to calculate the height primarily such a coating is used in the buildings of a square type, that is, all sides of the bearing walls should be equal. It is also quite convenient to plan an attic room under such a roof. It will turn out quite large and light due to the attic windows. They can be placed on any side of the skate, as they have almost equal side.
The only minus of the design of this type is the complexity in the installation. The cost of materials is a bit more expensive than the two-tie variant due to the volume of the area. This kind of roof is not recommended to be installed in climatic zones with increased windiness. Strong gusts can damage the roof due to a small slope slope.
The row roof has long become a classic architecture. The list of its advantages includes simplicity of installation, low cost of service and practicality in terms of natural removal of rainwater and snow. To fully experience these advantages, it is necessary to competently think over the roof project and calculate the dimensions. Only so you can make a design durable and preserve an attractive appearance for many years.
The main parameters of the bartal roof
The selection of the optimal size of the roof is a complex process of finding a compromise between the desired appearance of the building and the requirements of its safety. In a properly designed roof, all proportions are close to perfect. The main parameters of the bartal roof include the angle of inclination, the height of the skate, the width of the roof and its sinks.
The bias of the roof is the value that determines the position of the skate relative to the horizon line. The choice of this indicator is carried out at the design design stage. Traditionally, both scans of the liquid roof are performed with the same angles of inclination, but there are also asymmetrical varieties.
Most often there are roofs with a bias from 20 ° to 45 °
The unit of dimming is degrees. For roofs received range 1 0 -45 0. The larger the figure, the sharner the structure, and vice versa, with a decrease in degree, the roof becomes near.
Depending on the slope, several types of roofs are distinguished:
- flat (less than 5 °), the advantages of which is a small consumption of materials and ease of care, and the disadvantages - the mandatory presence of a good system of waterproofing and measures to prevent snow accumulation;
- canopy (up to 30 °), allowing all existing materials as roofing as roofing, but more expensive at cost than flat;
- cool (more than 30 °), capable of self-cleaning, but not possessing resistance to wind load.
The tool for measuring the angle of the skate is the inclusive. Modern models are equipped with an electronic scoreboard and bubble level. When the device is oriented horizontally, "0" is displayed on the scale.
Manufacturers offer to acquire bias with laser sensors that allow measurements to remove from the object
Photo Gallery: Roofs with different values \u200b\u200bof the slope
Load on the roof with a slope of 45 ° degrees 5 times higher than on the roof with an angle of 11 ° 
Steep slides due to a large uklon zale well dismissed precipitation 
The diversity roof is erected if necessary to tie the walls of different height or adjacent extension with the house 
The minimum corner of the scope recommended by the builders, 14 °
In a number of regulatory documents, for example, SNIP II-26-76 "Roofs", a bias is indicated as a percentage. Strict recommendations for the single designation parameter does not exist. But the value in percent is strongly returned with the option in degrees. Thus, 1 0 equals 1.7%, and 30 0 equal to 57.7%. For the unmistakable and fast translation of one units of measurement to other, special tables have been created.
Table: The ratio between unit measurement units
| Blind, 0. | Bias | Blind, 0. | Bias | Blind, 0. | Bias |
| 1 | 1,7 | 16 | 28,7 | 31 | 60,0 |
| 2 | 3,5 | 17 | 30,5 | 32 | 62,4 |
| 3 | 5,2 | 18 | 32,5 | 33 | 64,9 |
| 4 | 7,0 | 19 | 34,4 | 34 | 67,4 |
| 5 | 8,7 | 20 | 36,4 | 35 | 70,0 |
| 6 | 10,5 | 21 | 38,4 | 36 | 72,6 |
| 7 | 12,3 | 22 | 40,4 | 37 | 75,4 |
| 8 | 14,1 | 23 | 42,4 | 38 | 78,9 |
| 9 | 15,8 | 24 | 44,5 | 39 | 80,9 |
| 10 | 17,6 | 25 | 46,6 | 40 | 83,9 |
| 11 | 19,3 | 26 | 48,7 | 41 | 86,0 |
| 12 | 21,1 | 27 | 50,9 | 42 | 90,0 |
| 13 | 23,0 | 28 | 53,1 | 43 | 93,0 |
| 14 | 24,9 | 29 | 55,4 | 44 | 96,5 |
| 15 | 26,8 | 30 | 57,7 | 45 | 100 |
Height Skid.
Another important roof parameter is the height of the skate. The horse is the top point of the rafter system, located at the intersection of the rod planes. It serves as a support for rafters, giving the roof the necessary rigidity, and allows you to evenly distribute the load on the entire design. Constructively represents a horizontal edge made of wooden beam. If you imagine a double roof in the form of a triangle, then the height of the skate is the distance from the base to the top of the figure.
According to the rules of geometry, the height of the skate is equal to the length of the rectangular category
The total width of the roof and the width of the soles
The total width of the roof is determined by its width of its box (the size of the rafter system) and the width of the cornese soles.
Svez is a part of the roof. The width of the sweep is the distance from the place of intersection of the carrier wall with the roof to the bottom of the roofing canvas. Despite the modest dimensions and a small specific percentage in a total area, Sve plays a key role in operating at home. The cornice protects the outer walls from atmospheric precipitation on them, while maintaining their coating in its original form. He creates a shadow in the local area in a summer heat and shelters people during a snowfall. In addition, Svez facilitates removal of rainwater from the roof.
The required size of the carnisy sweep in is obtained by elongation or building the rafter
There are 2 varieties of soles that differ in the location and width:
- fronton - small in the width of the roofing slope, located on the front side;
- nursing - wider Sve, which is located along the roof.
To protect the lower surface of the soles, we are trimmed by a cutting board, siding or soffits
Photo Gallery: Roofs with different widths of sinks
The optimal width of the cornice is in the range of 50-60 cm 
The edge of the roof ends at the top line of the front or wall 
Houses built in the Mediterranean style, have narrow skes and a small angle of slope 
Wide eaves attached monumentality to the whole building
Factors affecting the roof parameters
The first stage of the construction of the roof is to work and draw up the technician. It needs to take into account all the nuances that will affect the service life of the roof. The parameters of the design are determined when considering the group of factors: the climatic features of the region, the presence of a attic and the type of roofing material.
Depending on the area in which the construction is located, there may be influenced by various natural forces and loads. Among them are wind, snow pressure and exposure to water. It is possible to determine their value by contacting a special construction organization that performs similar surveys. For those who do not seek simple paths, there is an option to independently determine the parameters.
Wind load
The wind creates a significant pressure on the walls and roof of the building. The air flow that meets on its path the obstacle is divided, rushing in opposite directions: to the foundation and sink of the roof. Excessive pressure on SBE can cause a breakdown of the roof. In order to protect the construction of destruction, the aerodynamic coefficient is evaluated, depending on the angle of inclination of the skate.
The cooler is steeper and above the horse, the stronger the wind load coming to 1m 2 surfaces. In this case, the wind seeks to overturn the roof. On the roof of the roof, the hurricane wind acts otherwise - the lifting force lifts and takes the crown of the house. Therefore, for areas with a weak or moderate wind force, you can design roofs with any height of the skate and angle of inclination. And for places with strong wind gusts, low-oiled views are recommended from 15 to 25 °.
In addition to horizontal impact, the wind puts pressure in the vertical plane, presses the roofing material to the trim
Calculation of wind load on a batch roof
The estimated wind load is the product of the two components: the normative value of the parameter (W) and the coefficient (K), which takes into account the change in pressure depending on the height (Z). The regulatory value is determined using a wind load map.
The territory of the country is divided into 8 zones with different nominal values \u200b\u200bof wind load
The height coefficient is calculated on the table below on the appropriate area of \u200b\u200bthe area:
- A - coastal areas of water bodies (seas, lakes), deserts, steppes and tundra.
- B - urban area with obstacles and buildings with a height of 10-25 m.
- C - urban area with facilities from 25 m height.
Table: coefficient for wind load calculation
| Height z, m | CEFFER K for different types of terrain | ||
| BUT | AT | WITH | |
| up to 5. | 0,75 | 0,50 | 0,40 |
| 10 | 1,00 | 0,65 | 0,40 |
| 20 | 1,25 | 0,85 | 0,55 |
| 40 | 1,50 | 1,10 | 0,80 |
| 60 | 1,70 | 1,30 | 1,00 |
| 80 | 1,80 | 1,45 | 1,15 |
| 100 | 2,00 | 1,60 | 1,25 |
| 150 | 2,25 | 1,90 | 1,55 |
| 200 | 2,45 | 2,10 | 1,80 |
| 250 | 2,65 | 2,30 | 2,00 |
| 300 | 2,75 | 2,50 | 2,20 |
| 350 | 2,75 | 2,75 | 2,35 |
| 480 | 2,75 | 2,75 | 2,75 |
Consider an example. It is necessary to determine the estimated wind load and conclude an acceptable roof slope. Baseline data: region - city Moscow with a view of the terrain, the height of the house is 20 m. We find on the map of Moscow - Zone 1 with a load of 32 kg / m 2. The method for combining rows and columns of the table we obtain that for a height of 20 m and the type of terrain in the desired coefficient equals 0.85. Alternating two numbers, we determine that the wind load will be 27.2 kg / m 2. Since the value obtained is not large, it is possible to use the slope of 35-45 °, otherwise you need to take an angle of the skate of 15-25 °.
Snow load
Snow masses accumulating on the roof have a definite pressure on the roof. The more drifts, the greater the load. But not only the snow pressure is dangerous, but also its tapping when the temperature is raised. The average weight of the one has just fallen in the calculation of 1 m 3 reaches 100 kg, and in the raw form, this figure increases three times. All this can cause the deformation of the roof, disruption of its tightness, and in some cases lead to the collapse of the structure.
The greater the angle of the slope of the skate, the easier it is snowy deposits removed from the roof. In areas with abundant snowfalls, the maximum steepness of the 60º rods should be taken. But the structure of the roof with a bias of 45º contributes to the natural tack of snow.
Under the action of heat going down, snow melts, increasing the risk of leakage
Calculation of the snow load on the batch roof
The snow load value is obtained by multiplying the average load (S) characteristic of a certain type of terrain, and the correction coefficient (M). The average value of S is found according to the snow load of Russia.
The territory of Russia includes 8 snow areas
The correction coefficient M varies depending on the roof slope:
- at the roof corner of up to 25 0 m equals 1;
- the average value M for the range 25 0 -60 0 is 0.7;
- for cooling roofs with an angle of more than 60 0, the coefficient M is not involved in calculations.
Consider an example. It is necessary to determine the snow load for the house with an angle of the skate of 35 0, placed in Moscow. On the map we find that the required city is located in Zone 3 with a snow load of 180 kg / m 2. The coefficient M is accepted equal to 0.7. Consequently, the desired value of 127 kg / m 2 will turn out if multiplying the two of these parameters.
The total load folding from the weight of the entire roof, snow and wind load should not be more than 300 kg / m 2. Otherwise, you should choose a more easy roofing material or change the angle of the skate slope.
Roof Type: Ceumary or Bescane
There are 2 types of dupping roofs: attic and nonsense. Their names speak for themselves. So, the attic (separate) roof is equipped with a non-residential attic, and an underssed (combined) - an exploited attic. If it is supposed to use the roof space for storing unused in the everyday use of items, it makes no sense to increase the height of the roof ridge. Conversely, when planning in a pierced room, a residential room should increase the height of the skate.
The height of any type of roof should be sufficient for the implementation of internal repair
For non-residential roofs, the height of the skate determine the rules of fire safety. Construction standards say that the attic must contain a through passage of 1.6 m height and 1,2m length. For residential roofs, the height is installed, based on their convenience and trouble-free furniture placement.
View of the roofing material
Another recently the construction market was offered only a few items of roofing materials. It was a traditional slate and a steel galvanized sheet. Now the range is noticeably replenished with new products. When choosing a material for the roof, several rules should be taken into account:
- With decreasing dimensions of piece roofing materials, the angle of inclination increases. This is due to a large number of joints that are potential leakage sites. Therefore, the approach of precipitation is trying to make the most quickly as possible.
- For the roofs with a small height of the skate, it is preferable to apply rolled roofing materials or large-leaf canvas.
- The more roofing material weighs, the steeper there should be a bias of the roof.
The interval of possible slopes is described in the manufacturer's instructions for the installation of the roof
| Material type | Minimum blind, 0. | Note |
| Metal tile. | 22 | Theoretically, it is possible to install on the roof with an angle from 11 0 -12 0, but for better sealing, choose a greater bias |
| Professor | 5 | When the angle of inclination is changed in the big face, the flight of one sheet to another increase |
| Asbicated slate | 25 | With a bias, the snow recommended on the roof is accumulated, under the weight of which the roofing material collapses |
| Soft rolled roofing (Ruberoid, Ondulin) | 2 | The minimum angle of the slope depends on the number of layers: for one layer 2 0, and for three - 15 0 |
| Folding roofing | 7 | For a roof with a small bias, it is recommended to acquire double standing folds |
The cost of the bartal roof
It is logical that with an increase in the slope of the skate, the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof increases. This leads to an increased flow rate of saws and roofing materials and components (nails, self-tapping screw) to consolidate them. The cost of the roof with an angle is 60 ° 2 times more than the creation of a flat roof, and the bias of 45 ° will cost 1.5 times more expensive.
The larger the total load on the roof, the greater the cross section of the bar is used for the rafter system. With a slight inclination of the roof, the pitch is reduced to 35-40 cm or make a carcass solid.
Unmistakable Calculation of Roof Size Save Family Budget
Video: Sling system and roof parameters
Calculation of roof parameters
To quickly calculate the roof dimensions, you can use an online calculator. In the field of the program, the source data is introduced (the size of the building, the type of roofing material, the height of the lift), and the result is the desired value of the inclination of the rafted, the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof, the weight and the amount of roofing material. A small minus - the calculation steps are hidden from the user.
For greater understanding and visibility of the process, you can conduct independent calculations of the roof parameters. There is a mathematical and graphic method for calculating the roof. The first is based on trigonometric identities. The duct roof is represented in the form of an equally chained triangle, the dimensions of which are roof parameters.
With the help of trigonometry formulas, you can calculate the roof parameters
Calculation of the corner of the roof slope
The source data for determining the angle of the slope is the selected height of the roof and half of its width.As an example, consider the classic duplex roof with symmetrical skates. We have: the height of the skate is 3 m, the length of the wall is 12m.
Sizes C and D is customary to be called the roof
Sequence of the calculation of the slope:
- We divide the conditional roof on 2 rectangular triangles, for which we carry out perpendicular to the top to the base of the figure.
- We consider one of the rectangular triangles (left or right).
- Since the design is symmetrical, the projection of the c and d rods will be the same. They are equal to half the length of the wall, i.e. 12/2 \u003d 6 m.
- To calculate the angle of the slope of the skate and expect its tangent. From the school course I remember that Tangent is the attitude of the opposite catech to the adjacent one. The opposite side is the height of the roof, and the adjacent - half the length of the roof. We obtain that tangent is 3/6 \u003d 0.5.
- To determine which angle has the resulting tangent, we use the brady's table. Having found in it the value of 0.5, we find that the angle of the skate is equal to 26 0.
Simplified tables can be applied to the translation of tangents or sines of angle in degrees.
Table: Definition of the slope of the skate through the tangent angle for the range of 5-60 0
| Tilt angle roofs, 0. | Tangent angle A. | Sinus angle A. |
| 5 | 0,09 | 0,09 |
| 10 | 0,18 | 0,17 |
| 15 | 0,27 | 0,26 |
| 20 | 0,36 | 0,34 |
| 25 | 0,47 | 0,42 |
| 30 | 0,58 | 0,5 |
| 35 | 0,7 | 0,57 |
| 40 | 0,84 | 0,64 |
| 45 | 1,0 | 0,71 |
| 50 | 1,19 | 0,77 |
| 55 | 1,43 | 0,82 |
| 60 | 1,73 | 0,87 |
Calculation of the lift of the duplex roof and the height of the skate
The height of the roof is closely related to the steep slide. It is determined by the method of the reverse method of obtaining slope. The base of the calculation takes the angle of inclination of the roof, which is suitable for this area, depending on the snow and wind load, the type of roof.
The more bias, the more free space under the roof
The procedure for calculating the roof lifting:
- For convenience, we divide our "roof" into two equal parts, the axis of symmetry will be the height of the skate.
- We define the tangent of the selected roof inclination angle, for which we use brady's tables or engineering calculator.
- Knowing the width of the house, we calculate the size of its half.
- The height of the skate is found according to the formula H \u003d (in / 2) * TG (A), where H is the height of the roof, B width, and the angle of the slope of the skate.
We use the algorithm given. For example, it is necessary to set the height of the duct roof of the house with a width of 8 m and angle of inclination 35 0. Using the calculator, we find that Tangent 35 0 is 0.7. Half of the width of the house is 4 m. Substituting the parameters in the trigonometric formula, we find that H \u003d 4 * 0.7 \u003d 2.8 m.
Competently calculated roof height gives house a harmonious view
The resulting procedure refers to the determination of the roof lift, i.e., the distance from the bottom of the floor is the attic to the plot of the plumbing feet. If the rafters protrude above the skate beam, the total height of the skate is defined as the sum of the lifting of the roof and 2/3 of the thickness of the rafting beam. So, the full length of the ridge for the roof with a rise of 2.8 m and the thickness of the beam 0.15 m is obtained equal to 2.9 m.
In places, deforestation of ledges for assembly with a skate run of rafters are reduced by 1/3
Calculation of the length of the rafted and width of the roof
To calculate the length of the rafter (hypotenuse in a rectangular triangle), you can go in two ways:
- Calculate the size through the Pythagore's theorem, which reads: the sum of the squares of the cathets is equal to the square of the hypotenuse.
- Take advantage of trigonometric identity: the length of the hypotenuse in a rectangular triangle is the ratio of the opposite category (roof height) to the corner sinus (roof slope).
Consider both cases. Suppose, we have the height of the roof lift 2 m and the width of 3 m. We substitute the values \u200b\u200bin the Pythagore's theorem and we obtain that the desired value is equal to the square root from 13, which is 3.6 m.
Knowing two triangle categories, you can easily calculate the hypotenuse or the length of the skate
The second way to solve the problem is to find a response through trigonometric identities. We have a roof with an angle of slope 45 0 and a height of the lifting 2 m. Then the length of the rafter is calculated as the ratio of the number of lifting 2 m to the sinus of inclination 45 0, which is 2.83 m.
The roof width (in Figure LBD) folds from the length of the rafted (LC) and the length of the cornese swell (LDC). And the length of the roof (LCD) is the sum of the length of the wall of the house (LDD) and two frontal soles (LFS). For the house with a width of a box of 6 m and skes 0.5 m, the roof width will be 6.5 m.
Construction rates do not regulate a clear value of the length of the skate, it can be selected in a wide range of sizes.
Calculation of the roof area
Knowing the length of the skate and width of the roof, it is easy to find its area, moving the specified dimensions. For a bartal roof The total area of \u200b\u200bthe roof is equal to the sum of the areas of both surfaces of the skate. Let us dwell on a specific example. Let the roof of the house have a width of 3 m and a length of 4 m. Then the area of \u200b\u200bone skate is equal to 12m 2, and the total area of \u200b\u200bthe entire roof is 24m 2.
Incorrect calculation of the roof area can lead to additional costs when buying roofing material
Calculation of roof materials
To determine the number of roofing materials, it is necessary to arm the roof with an area. All materials are put on the vest, so when buying should be made a small margin of 5-10% of the nominal computing. The correct calculation of the number of materials will significantly save the budget of construction work.
General rules for calculating sawn timber:
- Gabritt and cross section of Mauerlat. The minimum possible section of the bar is 100 × 100 mm. The length corresponds to the perimeter of the box, the stock on the compounds is set in the region of 5%. The volume of timber is obtained by multiplying the size of the cross section and length. And if you multiply the value obtained to the density of the wood, then there is a lot of lumber.
- Size and number of rafters. The basis of the calculation takes the overall load on the roof (the pressure of roofing pie, snow and wind). Suppose that the overall load is equal to 2400 kg / m 2. The average load coming on 1 m rafter is 100 kg. Considering this, the metrah will be equal to 2400/100 \u003d 24 m. For the length of the rafted 3 m, we get only 8 rafter legs or 4 pairs. The cross section of the rafter is taken from 25x100 mm and above.
- The volume of material for the root. It depends on the type of roofing: for bitumen tiles, a solid doom is built, and for a professional flooring or asbotic slate spinn.
Calculation of roofing materials Consider on the example of metal tile. This is a sheet material mounted on a roof into one or more rows.
Calculation sequence:
- Determining the number of sheets. The metal tile cloth has a complete 1180 mm and a working 1100 mm width. The latter is less real and not taken into account in the calculation, as it goes to overlap the joints. The number of sheets is determined as the ratio of the full width of the roof (along with the sinks) to the useful width of the sheet. Moreover, the result of the division is rounded up to the whole value. So, for the roof with a scalp width of 8 m and the metal tile of the "Monterrey" width of 1.1 m, the number of sheets is in the formula: 8 / 1.1 \u003d 7.3 pieces, and taking into account the rounding of 8 pcs. If the cloth is put into several vertical rows, then the length of the skate is divided into the length of the roofing canvas, taking into account the allen between the sheets up to 15 cm. Considering that the roof is double, the value is doubled, i.e., you will need 16 sheets.
- Determination of the total area. To determine the total area of \u200b\u200bthe roofing material, the number of cloths multiplies to the full area (the product of the full width and length) of one sheet. In our case, 8 * (1.18 m * 5 m) \u003d 47.2 m 2. For bantal structures, the result is multiplied by two. We obtain that the entire roof area is 94.4 m 2.
- Determination of the amount of waterproofing. The standard rolon of the waterproofing material has an area of \u200b\u200b65m 2 without flush. The number of rolls are obtained by dividing the total area of \u200b\u200bthe roof on the film area, i.e. 94.4 m 2/65 m 2 \u003d 1.45 or 2 full rolls.
- Determination of the quantity of fasteners. On 1 m 2 roofs account for 6-7 self-tapping screws. Then, for our situation: 94.4 m 2 * 7 \u003d 661 Self-tapping screw.
- Determination of the number of nonsense (skates, windscrews). The overall method of planks is 2 m, and the working area is 1.9 m due to partial overlap. Dividing the skate length on the operating length of the planks, we obtain the required number of goodness.
Video: Calculation of materials for a bartal roof using an online calculator
The graphic method for determining the roof parameters is to batte it in a decrease. It will take a piece of paper (ordinary or millimeter), transport, line and pencil. Procedure:
- Scale is selected. Its optimal value is 1: 100, that is, for each 1 cm of a paper sheet accounts for 1 m of structures.
- The horizontal segment is drawn, the length of which corresponds to the base of the roof.
- It is the middle of the segment, from the point of which is carried out perpendicular (vertical line at an angle of 90 0).
- Using the vehicle from the base of the roof base, the desired roof angle is postponed and an inclined line is carried out.
- The place of intersection of the inclined line with the perpendicular gives the height of the roof lifting.
Video: Calculation of materials for a bartal roof manually
The first thing to pay attention is the visual appearance of the roof. Architects are monitoring the roofing harmoniously combined with the facade of the building. But one beauty is not enough. It is important to correctly calculate the parameters so that the design is solid and functional. Neglecting snow and wind load, installation of a rafter under an irregular angle can cause the roof destruction. And the incorrect definition of the roof area will result in additional costs for the acquisition of missing materials. Therefore, it is necessary to accommodately approach the calculations, paying attention to all the nuances.
The aesthetic indicators, architectural specificity and technical characteristics of the house depend on the height of the roof ridge. It is extremely important when developing a project to correctly determine the correct design size.
To obtain the perfect result, we suggest you today to figure out how to calculate the height of the ridge of a double roof, and which method is better to use in independent computing.
The skate is called the horizontal edge of the two-tie roof, formed in the junction of the vertices of its inclined planes. Highness of the skate without the slightest doubt then to the most significant parameters specifying the roof proportions.
Both understatement, and the overestimation of it can lead not only to the violation of the architectural picture, but also to problems in operation. The hot desire of the owner of the house to realize his own ideas is often in incision with technical prescriptions, familiarization with which will help to avoid serious mistakes.
In order for the process of studying the value of the magnitude, it is easier and clearer to imagine the future roof in the form of an equilateral triangle. This is the most common option. In addition to it, there are asymmetric double-tie roofs with sliding areas differing.
However, the angle of inclination of both structural components is most often equal, because the height of the skate is calculated according to the standard diagram.
Equipical triangle break for convenience into two symmetric parts. Passing from the top of the triangle before its base line - the axis of the symmetry of the figures we represented by us, it also rolls the rectangular triangle and the height of the skate.
Landmark number 1: Atmospheric phenomena
It is pointless to argue with the climatic data, it is necessary to adapt to its adamant dictation and adapt. Atmospheric phenomena that affects the choice of skate height includes:
. In areas, whose weather conditions are distinguished by frequent gusty winds, it is customary to construct gerier and low-pitched roofing structures with an inclination angle to 10º. In the regions with weak and moderate winds, the height of the skate can be any.Indicated characteristics will tell the local meteorological service. You can independently find them in the collection with rules and tables for construction climatology SNIP 23-01-99 or according to the SP 20.13330.2011 of zoning cards.
Landmark number 2: Having a attic
In the family of two-tie roofs there are attic and underacted representatives. In the first case, the craft space is separated from the house box with ceiling overlap. They are also referred to as "separate", which confirms the architectural independence of the premises between the roofing construction and the overlapping.
Attic representatives are residential and non-residential. The height of the skate of the residential roof sets the convenience of moving. Constructions with an exploited attic are mainly built by the construction of a rafter system of two tiers.
The height of the skate of the operated attic roof is folded from two values: the height of the lower part of the roof and the height of the peak of the roof, omnted to the lower tier. The high-altitude size of the lower tier is usually taken from 2.0 to 2.3 m.
It is calculated by adding the growth of the highest of future owners and reserves of 30 - 40 cm required for the convenience and safety of movement. The size of the top of the broken roof is arbitrary depends on the taste preferences of the owners.
The height of the skate of non-residential attic is determined by fire standards. In addition, the size of the attic space should not create obstacles for maintenance. The rules of construction standards indicates that, in the attic there should be a cross-cutting pass along the entire roof at least 1.6 m in height and 1.2 m in length. In short areas of the complex design, the width and height of the pass-through pass can be reduced by 40 cm in both directions.
In the second "unbelievable" case, the space under the roof is not separated from the box with overlapping. It is usually located below: at the level of the ceiling system of the previous floor. Bescaneous roofs are called "combined", which is just talking about the connection of space under the roof with part of the foot space.
Bright representatives of designs without a attic belong to. They take them along the usual two-sheet scheme, but Mauerlat is placed on the walls with a height of at least 1.4 m. The height of the hunter of the half-door attic is counted from the bottom face of Mauerlat.
The practicality of the furnace of the semicard roof in the regions with high wind load is difficult to overestimate. Thanks to its construction, the minimum lateral load is operating on the roof, and the owners receive a convenient and very spacious additional floor.
Without a attic and attic ceiling, low, small household buildings, warehouses are built. The ceiling device in such situations and is not economical, and unreasonably from the point of view of access for maintenance.
Landmark number 3: Roofing type
We have already presented a duplex roof with an equilateral triangle. And the height of the skate was presented by the cathet of its rectangular fellow obtained during the division of the structure into two symmetrical parts. In the geometric figure created by us, all components are interrelated, including the angles and lengths of the parties.
As the roof designers, the angle of its slope is interesting, because It is directly dependent on the type and technical characteristics of the roofing coating. It will help determine the optimal height of the designed design.
There are several rules for selecting roofing material, taking into account the height of the skate and steepness of the roof, this is:
- The smaller the piece elements of the roof, the greater the angle of inclination of the shelter planes. Numerous piece of piece coatings create prerequisites for the penetration of moisture under the roof, therefore it is necessary to speed up the gathering of precipitation.
- The lower the roof, the smaller the joints and the seams should be covered. In priority for arrangement, large-grained and rolled roofs.
- The harder coating, the steeper you should build a roof. The weight of massive elements will be distributed in the projection per unit area of \u200b\u200bthe base. As a result, the higher the horse, the smaller the load presses on the rafter system and overlapping.
True, the arrangement of a steep roof with a high skate will cost more. On the construction of the structure with a bias of 45º, the material will leave 1.5 times more than on the coating of the roof of the roof of the steepness to 7 - 10º. And if the rods are tilted at an angle of 60º, the costs will increase in twofold.
Typically, the interval of suitable angles of inclination by roofing manufacturers are indicated in the instructions. The manufacturer's recommendation should be followed in the name of the long-term construction service.
Knowing the recommended angle of inclination, the width of the cornese swells and the size of the house box, it is possible to find the height of the skate in the course of simple geometric constructions. However, in the design of the roofs, not only the graphical method is applied.
The slope slope is denoted by degrees, percentages or decimal fraction, in the numerator of which the height of the skate is indicated, in the denominator - half of the overlapping span. All three tilt expressions are interrelated, but it is more convenient to use the last option on the construction site.
There are a little wishing to postpone the angle of inclination by construction transportation at the facility. Especially since the process of installing the revolving rafters, for example, is made on the already installed skate run. Those. Know the height of the location of the skate run should be ahead. This is another of good reasons stimulating interest in calculating the height of the skate.
The percentage of the inclination of the roof has developed a general attitude and in the middle of the masters, and in the midst of homemade craftsmen. Interest only help get confused. The most acceptable method of displaying the slope is the ratio of the height of the skate to half the overlapping span. On the construction site it is used most often.
Knowing the height of the skate, you can not pry every minute in the project documentation. Just by measurements, the middle of the front wall is determined. In the resulting point strictly vertically nailed a bar or helper. From the upper face of the pre-installed on the wall of Mauerlalat, the size studied by us is postponed. It is focused on the construction of the rafter system.
Methods for determining the height of the skate
For calculating the height of the skate of the two-tie roof, planes and other sizes of the designed design in the network there are a significant number of calculators programs. All calculations are carried out automatically, pleases the speed and simplicity of the procedure. True, check the results of the calculations is difficult without a visual view of the planned roof configuration. And during the accidental introduction of an erroneous number, detect "amazing" sizes only on the construction site. Therefore, it is better to understand the peculiarities of construction and computing in advance so that the banal odds do not cause ultrahigh costs.
Independent designers will require memories of the school course of trigonometry and the desire to build schemes on a scale, using a monitor or a conventional paper sheet.
Mathematical and graphic methods
The following methods are applied to determine the height of the roofing structure:
- Mathematical. It consists in calculating the size according to the formula for calculating the length of one of the sides of the rectangular triangle.
- Graphic. It is to build a roof circuit on a scale to obtain the height of the skate.
For the production of mathematical calculations, the formula A \u003d B × TGα is used, where a is the desired height of the skate; b - half of the width of the span; TGα is an alarm angle selected by the home owner on the basis of technical prescriptions and recommendations of the roofing manufacturer.
Graphically, the height of the skate is determined when the axis of the symmetry of the roof and the line of the skate, laid down at a given angle from the extreme point of the cornese swelling. We will analyze one of the visual examples of graphic constructions to obtain an idea of \u200b\u200bthe process.
We note an important nuance. The described methods calculates the rise of the roof, and not the full height of the skate. The real value depends on the technology of fastening the top of the stringlin. In the hanging systems, the height of the skate remains unchanged. Similarly, in the ultimate versions, if the top of the rafter does not protrude over the line of the skate run.
If the top of the rafter feet rise above the run, then 2/3 of the thickness of the board or timber used in the construction of the rafter system should be added to the lifting of the roof. It is believed that the depth of the word reduces the thickness of the material by a third.
Constructed on top of the rafaline crate and roofing thickness is usually neglected in the calculations. Easy deviations in the construction of the roof are practically not avoided, in fact, 5-7 cm roofing with the crate is almost nothing to affect.
Practical example of calculation
We will analyze on a specific example of the calculation of the height of the skate. So calculate the size of the duplex roof North American carpenters specializing in the construction of low-rise frame houses. In principle, the process is no different from the actions of masters in other countries.
In the example, there is a purely technological specificity: the attachment node of the lower heels of the rafter feet to the base is fastened with a wrinkle. Stropilins are based on the skateboard. If this is not taken into account in the preparation of the circuit and the execution of calculations, the slope will change, which is extremely undesirable when choosing the boundary value of the angle of inclination recommended by the coating manufacturer.
The basis of independent constructions is still the same equilateral triangle, divided into two symmetric half. We know the width of the span of the house of the house and the angle of inclination, because It is selected in accordance with the type of roofing.
The algorithm for calculating the height of the skate is reduced to a number of the following actions:
- We construct a scaled diagram and appline the exact dimensions of the boxed box on it. The most convenient and understandable scale of 1: 100, according to which 1 cm displays on a scale of 1 m. If working with such a decrease is uncomfortable, you can choose the scale smaller or larger.
- We will find the middle of the span and from the point obtained up the roof symmetry axis.
- From the corner of the box, we put the angle of the designed roof of the designed roof from the transport. We carry out according to the angle of the elongation line.
- Crossing the axis of the symmetry of the roof and the lines of the slope, i.e. Diagonal, will give us the opportunity to estimate, at what height will be located the board of the skate run.
- Delay schematically by the Abris of the skate run and the support rack to which the run will be laid. Their axis of symmetry is obliged to coincide with the axis of the symmetry of the roof. It is just necessary to postpone half the thickness of the skunk board in both sides of the axis and carry out arbitrary lines.
- The base line of the triangle, diagonal and the nearby side facet of the skate run, together with the rack, determine the desired triangle, the vertical cathe of which is the rise of the roof.
- The rise is reduced by 1/3 of the thickness of the board, i.e. To the depth of the words of the lower assembly of Stropilin.
- From the resulting height up, we postpone the width of the ski board and draw the skate run, then the skate rack.
- In a scale, do you draw a rafter foot, without forgetting that it will see 1/3 widths due to livelihood. To simplify the work parallel to the diagonal, we carry out a straight line at a distance of 2/3 of the thickness of the chalkboard.
Simply put, the height of the skate is the sum of the lifting of the roof and 2/3 of the thickness of the rafting board. In practice, there will be no impeccable accuracy, but the error can be considered an insignificant and quite admissible on the construction standards of the construction of wooden structures, prescribed in the collection of the joint venture 64.13330.2011. Ideally should take into account the processes of compression and crumpled of wooden parts of the system.
Video example device skate
Roller will familiarize yourself with an embodiment of a rope of a bartal roof, similar to the design described in the example:
A competently designed roof with a properly calculated height of the skate will look great. Its components will not create conditions for leaks and premature wear of the structure. Master the calculation methods proposed by us is completely simple.