The ordinary garden is an amazing place, a special land plot that the efforts of the owners turn into a practically an inexhaustible source not only vitamins and fresh vegetables, but also a number of "by-products" - health, excellent well-being and vigorous.
According to experienced dacities, work on their own garden is successfully replaced by classes in the gym, brings a lot of pleasure and benefit. In addition, vegetables grown in their plot differ in flavoring from purchased in the store or on the market, and, of course, for the better.
Spring work on the plot starts with an important task - the planning of the garden. It would seem that my plot that I want, then I plant, and the choice is not too large - on the standard six hundred and hundreds of one hundred and one will unfold. And yet, the harvest is largely dependent on the choice of space for a certain variety of vegetables, so it is worth it for the planning of the garden with full responsibility.
What factors should pay attention to the planning of the garden? What vegetables and where is best to plant?
Work on the garden is not necessarily grave work and daily troubles. Gardening brings a lot of pleasure and benefit
We are planning a vegetable garden
So, you have already prepared seeds and even raised seedlings at home. It remains only to decide - where exactly put all the plants by choosing an optimal place in its plot for certain types of vegetables. You can start the planner of the garden in early spring when the snow has already completely descended from the site, and the soil snapped well.
In general, the planning of the site, which the dacket is engaged in many years of gloomy experience, looks like that - the owner simply strolls on already equipped paths, leaving the sticks and pegs and mumbling to himself: "Here are two beds of pepper", "here will be tomatoes . In fact, it is so easy to come to the planning of the garden of dacnis, only many years of experience in the site allows. Less experienced gardens should be listened to the advice of professionals and approach the planting planning plan for vegetables by scientific.
The perfect garden looks like that - even rows of green, healthy plants promising a high harvest
If you first decided to split the garden on the newly acquired section of the land, then you will have to take into account several main factors:
- Side of light. Experts advise breaking the beds for future landings strictly long from the north to the south or from the northeast to the south-west. So planting plants will warm up and covered with sunbeams during the day as evenly uniform. It has been proven that with this location of the garden beds less under fungal diseases. Southern, slightly more warm and better illuminated side should be given to thermal-loving cultures, such as beans, tomatoes and cucumbers, and the North - cold-resistant - radish, repex and trouser. To protect plants from cold winds, it is better to plant dense rows of corn, sunflower or berry bushes, for example, gooseberry or currant.
- The composition of the soil. If in this section, vegetable crops will be planted for the first time, it is necessary to study the composition of the soil. If the soil is clay, it will be necessary to pre-put a stray manure, sand, compost, turf, and mineral fertilizers. If the soil is sandy, then peat, manure and mineral fertilizers will be perfect additives. In the case of increased acidity of the soil, it is necessary to make lime additives - the negro or tailless lime, as well as wood ash. Of course, all the above additives can be made in autumn, but the optimal period for adjusting the soil composition, specialists are called early spring - about a month before seedling and seeds landing.
- Illumination. It is possible to influence the illumination of the site only by cutting out the existing trees. Space the seedlings under lush crowns apple trees or pears is not recommended categorically. Trees can grow only from the northern side of the garden - so they will not close the plants from sunlight and simultaneously protect from the cold wind. If on the north side of the house there is a free plot of land, it is better to plant unpretentious plants there, for example, sorrel or bow, which is even harmful to the excess of the sun. Tomatoes or cucumbers in the shade are accurately inhabited. It is even better to give such a northern facility for flowers, as vegetables are quite risky.
- Relief area. If the site has an uneven relief, then in the lowland, the soil in the spring will disappear and dry out much longer than the earth on the elevation. In addition, water will stand in heavy rain on such sites. That is, it is necessary to take care of the system of drainage grooves that will help get rid of excess moisture. In such low-voltage places, professionals are advised to squeeze cabbage and other moisture-boring plants. But, if in your region, summer is usually arid and roast, then you can plant on low-rise sites and tomatoes, and pepper - to water seedlings in this case will have a little less often.
If there is only weeds on the site where weeds were planned and there was a regular lawn, the owners have two exits: to remove the top layer of the soil with the roots of weeds completely, take off the site and add peat, overwhelmed and, if necessary, sand; Or simply move the plot and put potatoes here in the first year. The first option is too time-consuming and expensive, therefore it does not use popularity in robmer. In the second case, in the first year, the crop of potatoes will be low, but most of the weeds will disappear and for the next season it will be possible to plant any, even the most arrogant vegetables.
Getting Started for the first time on the planning of the garden, it is worth considering and the characteristics of the soil, and the location of the beds relative to the parties
Watering system
Planning a vegetable garden, it is necessary to pay special attention to the watering system. Tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and eggplants in the central regions with a sufficient dry summer have to watered regularly - literally every three or four days. Therefore, for vegetables it is better to choose areas that can be pouring without much costs and problems.
The program is minimum - hoses from street crane must reach the beds. If the land plot is too big, and the crane is located next to the house, then on remote areas it is better to smash the garden or plant particularly resistant plants that do not need additional watering. Garden in this case is better to transfer closer to the water source.
Remember that experts do not advise to water the beds with water directly from under the tap. The optimal option is the water-spilled in the sun, and even better - the collected raindrop, or water from the local pond or river. If you want to listen to the advice of professionals, you will need to install a fairly large container for water next to the beds - rain or usual, from under the tap. Even old cast iron or steel bath, spacious, specially ordered metallic Chan or a large plastic barrel can be such a container. In addition, it will also be needed for water pump, which will fall into the container and will provide an excellent pressure at irrigation. You can, of course, water the beds from the watering can, but it is too long the process.
Another excellent version of the watering system is drip irrigation. If there is already such a system on your site, then the planting of vegetables will have to "bind" precisely to the water-than secured water.
Do not want to spend a lot of time on watering vegetables by hand from a watering can or stand for hours on a garden with a hose in the hands? Take care of a drip irrigation system that will save and time and money for the payment of water supply
Each vegetable his place
Different with the sides of the world, lighting and irrigation? It remains only to find out all the nuances relating to the compatibility of individual varieties of vegetables and alternating them in your garden. Each experienced dachank knows that if last year there has been growing in this area, for example, potatoes, then this year it is worth attaching some other vegetables.
So, all vegetable crops are customary to divide on:
- Demanding, which require a large amount of nutrients. These include cabbage, zucchini, cucumber, pumpkin, tomatoes, peppers and celery.
- Middle. Such vegetables are needed feeding fertilizers only once a year, in contrast to the demanding, which have to "feed" and in spring, and in the fall. These vegetables include: eggplant, onions, potatoes, carrots, beets, radish, salad, colrab and garlic.
- Undemanding. Cultures that cost a minimum of useful substances. It is peas, beans, parsley, dill, sage, basil and other seasonings.
To properly make a plan for planting seeds and seedlings, the garden is to smash into four sections:
- One is allocated for perennial plants, for example, strawberries and strawberries who will have to replant no more than once every three or four years.
- The second portion is allocated for demanding plants.
- Third - for mediation cultures.
- And the fourth, of course, for undemanding plants.
A year later, the most pressing plants must be planted on the site where undemanding, average-selling - to the defense, where the harvest of demanding, and undemanding, respectively, are sent to the plot, where there were significant cultural plants in the past year.
Such an alternation is carried out every year and allows the soil a little relax and get a higher harvest.
Miscellaneous requirements for plant nutrients need to be alternating with each other when planting a garden
In addition, planning the location of the beds, it is necessary to take into account the compatibility of plants. Compatibility of cultures is possible to grow nearby, strengthening, complementing and protecting each other.
So, between the rows of tomatoes it is quite possible to sow onions, garlic or radishes. The ideal "seal" for carrots or beets will be dill or salad. And the rows of potatoes can be combined with the planting of the pea, which will be assembled earlier, and will provide their own roots as an excellent fertilizer for potato tubers.
Experts argue that the ideal predecessors for cabbage are Parenic, that is, tomatoes, potatoes, pepper or eggplants, as well as cucumber, legumes or onions.
In turn, the seedlings of cucumbers are better to plant in place, where in the last year they grew peppers or spinach. The optimal predecessor for carrots and beets are cucumbers, tomatoes and peas.
Another important point is a different period of ripening and planting plants Allows you to get two crops on one site of various crops. For example, in early spring you can sow onions on the pen or radishes, and after harvesting, put on this plot of bulk cultures or tomatoes. After the harvest of garlic or onion is already assembled, the radish winter or salad will be perfectly felt on this site.
Plant compatibility - an important factor when planning the garden
Dimensions of Grokeok.
Planning a garden, do not forget about comfortable tracks with a width of at least 30-40 centimeters, which will allow you to collect yields of tomatoes and peppers, not harming the flowering and fruiting plants.
The optimal width of the bed is 80-100 centimeters. If the garden will be wider, it makes it difficult to care for plants and watering.
If you put between the beds are not just the ground paths, but the real paths of stone or boards, then it will be possible to collect a crop even on the most rainy day or immediately after a rich watering, without fearing to get dirty shoes
In addition, do not forget that the cucumbers grow better, they are fruit and occupy a much less place if we provide them with a support for which they will be able to confuse. Collect the cucumbers in this case will be much more convenient. Some varieties of tomatoes, such as tiny, appetizing cherry tomatoes, also need a support. Therefore, planning the beds with such high and fragile cultures, it is necessary to take care of a fence or lattice, which cucumbers and high tomato seedlings will be able to rely.
Highly radiant breaks of tomatoes need a support, and the cucumbers raised on the ground will take too much space. Put them around the hedge, and collect abundant harvest will be much more pleasant, and most importantly - easier!
And finally, two more important points - firstly, in the garden also need to leave a place for a compost heap where you will throw off the remnants of shoots and leaves that will become excellent organic fertilizer in the future. A compost pile can be located at the very end of the site, in the shade, that is, in a place, which is not suitable for the planting of beneficial plants in its properties.
Secondly, most likely, you will build a greenhouse or a greenhouse for early vegetables and seedlings. For such a structure, it is also necessary to highlight a suitable place in the sun.
Go to the planning of the garden thoughtfully and seriously, try to place a number of culture with good compatibility, alternate different family of vegetables on the same site, try to plant on one bed and early, and late grade of vegetables to get two harvest per year - and even small The neckside will provide all the seven fresh greens during a warm season, and the pantry will be filled with banks with conservation of its own production.
The yield of plants depends not only on the time of disembarking seeds, their germination, but also landing sites and the height of the mound. We hope our tips on the construction of beds in the country will be useful not only to novice gardens.
Choosing a place
Some vegetable crops, for example, peas, dill, sorrel, salad, are capable of growing in a half. But most plant species are not able to completely ripen with a lack of light.
Therefore, when placing a garden in the garden plot, first of all, they are guided by their illumination - it is desirable that they would be launched by the Sun from the early morning to 6-7 pm.
Decorative garden landing
When choosing a landing room, the following requirements must also be taken into account:
Do not land plants in lowlands or on the northern slopes, where the soil freezes deeper than on flat sites; yield in these places will be low; Plus water in this place will be constantly stagnant, which can lead to reincliner
The plot should not have a strong slope, otherwise the water during watering will be simply string with it, and the plants will not be moisture
Next to the landings should not be large trees, buildings and fences capable of shading plants
Have them preferably north to south so that during the day they were evenly illuminated by the sun
For the cultivation of vegetables for a family of 3-4 people, about 1 weave is enough; The rest of the territory can be plated potatoes, berry cultures and flowers
So that the Melinka looked neatly, try to make the "right" beds of the same width and length; Standard dimensions - 3.5x0.8 m
Do not forget about the compatibility of plants: some of them do badly get along with each other
Dimensions
In principle, you can make a bed of any length - up to 10 m. Agree, such beds look original. But constantly bypassing them with watering is very uncomfortable. It is better to prepare an embankment with a length of 3.5-4 m. This size is considered optimal. Or break a long bed for two with a small track. By this, you will substantially facilitate yourself movement on the site.
Standard width of 0.8 m. Do not save space (!) And in no case do not make it wider. Maybe you will be able to reach the center of the bed when landing and scattering seeds, but the buyer will turn into real torment. Do not believe? Spend an experiment and prepare a small but wide mound. Believe me, the next year, the desire to make the beds of such sizes you will disappear.
The more compact option, the width of only 0.45 m, is done for carrots. This culture does not like thickened landings - sprouts should be well blowing. For the same reason, try not to have tall plants adjacent to carrots. Otherwise, you significantly reduce its yield. On thickened landings, she will grown shallow.
Form and height
Making up a plot, we can decorate it with beds of different shapes, from standard rectangular to triangular, trapezoidal or oval. Ideas for unusual beds in the network abound. The main thing is that it is convenient to fit with any of the sides for watering and weeding.
The height of the mound depends on many factors, including the type of site. In most cases, they are sufficient to raise up to 35-50 cm. This will be enough so that the roots of the plants are not discharged. Too high beds - up to 0.8 m - usually do in very wetlands.
But such structures are very laborious. Plus, they will need to get to the site at least a pair of kamaz fertile soil. For one small garden, it will be needed at least half a black.
Often the rise of the beds is required for the cultivation of thermal-loving crops, for example, cucumbers. After all, at high beds, the Earth warms up much faster. It is often impossible to get an early harvest without it.
Raise beds sometimes and just for your own convenience
Care for plants in this case is much easier. Consider only, in the garden beds, the Earth dries much faster, so watering plants will have more often. Experts advise lift the landing place and in the shade areas. The optimal height of the mound in this case is 50 cm.
So that when watering the water does not roll on the track, the garden should be slightly concave inward.
Arrangement of high garden
The box for it can be made of remedies: boards, plastic, metal or stones:
It is better to put a metal grid to the bottom - it will protect the plants from the ubiquitous rodents.
The drainage uses crushed stone, clayjit or broken brick. The thickness of such a layer is 10-15 cm.
Prepared primer is better to handle in advance to means from pathogenic microbes and pest insects. If you do not want to use chemistry, mix the ground with a small amount of wood ash - it will protect the plants from malicious bacteria.
Filling the Groatka to fill in the garden on the very sterns - it will constantly get enough sleep on the track. It is necessary to leave about 5 cm.
Drainage
When the site is located in a lowland or swampy terrain, many species of cultures grow on it becomes a problem. Vegetables and berries on it if they are matured, then due to excess moisture quickly deteriorate during storage.
Their taste changes - the sugar in them is accumulated much less. So that this does not happen, take care of the drainage of the wetland.
Most gardeners know that cabbage, melting crops, zucchini and cucumbers require more moisture for growing than other cultures. But it turns out that the massive heads of garlic can also be used only in areas rich in moisture. On dry earth, even with abundant irrigation, it is rarely large.
For the above plants, the drainage is not required (if, of course, stagnation of water on the beds is insignificant). The territory for the cultivation of other crops is better to dry.
For the construction of multi-tiered beds, special boxes can be knocked down from the tree. Metal is extremely undesirable - it quickly heats up in the sun, and the earth will rear in them even faster. If there is a need for this, paint metal containers with light paint - light surfaces are heated less.
Often use for such designs and already ready-made boxes, racks or containers of suitable size. You can place on the shelves and large containers filled with the Earth.
Lazy Grokery
Such mounds are used when planting a large number of plants. They have a small height and externally represent bulk trapecies without the use of the box. True, such a mound will have to do every season - in winter they are falling.
Do in the area of \u200b\u200bthe walkway shallow ditch, leaking the land on the ridge. Cross the ground with robbles. Groke is ready.
Repeat - the land of the land on the site, the less must be the height of the mound. On the swamp plots, drip the tracks as closely and make a bed higher. There is no need to do this on the sandy soil - it's not necessary to do this - just well protester the walks of the tracks in a sunpathy land, so placing the location of the tracks.
Box for beds
The decorative option limited by the box is a favorite reception of many gardeners. After all, the care of them (watering and weeding) is greatly simplified. The use of boxes is a good way to protect the soil. In addition, the tracks between them will always be clean, without flops and puddle.
As a rule, paths are closed with wood, tiled or concrete, so that the grass can not break through the ground.
Before starting to install the box, the location for the bed must be prepared - to the ground, carefully deleting all weeds. Thoroughly align it with robbles so that water when watering or rain can be evenly distributed over the entire surface.
When speculating, it is necessary to capture a plot of a little more. Otherwise, the roots of perennial plants will again break through from under the ground. Capture them from under the box will be problematic. The launched plot is better to overoperate twice in spring and autumn.
It is simply unreal at once to get rid of the roots of perennial plants. To facilitate the work, simply turn the dend shovel so that the roots of the plants are located above the ground. Gradually, they themselves dried under the rays of the sun and perished.
Pile of wood
Pile of wood
The simplest wooden box is collected from 4 long and 8 short suitable boards. They are connected in pairs with the help of bars. Milking, self-tapping screws and metal corners are used as fasteners.
You will also need 4 caviar or trimming of the armature with a length of 0.6 m - they are driven into the ground from the outside to enhance the strength of the structure. So that the garden turns out perfectly smooth, its walls are evaporated with a building level horizontally and vertical.
Stone or concrete box
Stone or concrete box
Such structures are characterized by high strength and long service life. However, they will be expensive.
Plus, the procedure for their erection requires a lot of time. Yes, and transfer the garden will be a serious problem - the design will have to be broken.
Metal boxes
Metal boxes
If there is a throw metal at hand, you can make the beds from it. Such structures have a small weight and if desired, they can be easily transferred to another place. They are easy to paint into any colors, so it looks quite decorative.
However, to create such products requires the ability to work with the welding machine. It is possible to cut the metal in the nearest method of receiving scrap metal.
Fencing from slate
Fencing from slate
He is enough to racks to rot, even being buried to the ground and is able to stop a lot.
The disadvantages of slate structures include increased fragility - with their assembly and cutting, high accuracy and accuracy are required.
Plastic structures
Plastic structures
If you have several plastic panels left after repair, you can make a fence from it. Bright, they are beneficial on the background of plants.
Moreover, the plastic is able to fly in the ground infinitely long - it is not afraid of the impact of moisture. However, under the bright rays of the Sun, this material quickly burns out and loses color.
Mulching
Creation takes away from dacniki often a lot of time. If the plot is large, it turns into a serious problem. In the garden, you just have to ride and spend the night.
To reduce the time spent on endless weeding, prepare the so-called smart beds. The principle of their manufacture is simple. To protect plants from weeds after landing, cover the gaps between the sprouts of sawdust, a cheese, straw or dried last year's foliage of trees.
Mulch the soil and with a dark film shelter. It is spread before planting, pulling small holes for plants. Transparent film for these purposes is not suitable - weeds when accessing light will continue to develop.
It is proved that mulching is essential (almost 30%) raises yield
After all, the closure of the upper layer of the soil protects against the weathered of the fertile layer and the rapid dryness. Plus, useful microorganisms and rainworms under the layer of organic substances are swapped.
With this method, it is possible to quickly put in order even abandoned areas - it is enough to hide for a couple of years overgrown with weeds with mulch.
Unfortunately, in the wetlands, mulching often leads to a sad result - the shelter of the soil leads to the stroke of water on the beds, and as a result, planting plants. But in this case, mulching can be useful.
The only difference is to cover the Earth for the winter and early spring should not. Wait until the earth will dry well.
Do not use mulch in rainy seasons. If the summer was hot, with the help of mulch you get rid of not only from weeding, but also a frequent watering. Moisture under it will evaporate much slower. In the wet areas, be sure to prepare the drainage to the perimeter of the beds to lead it excess.
Warm beds
It's not so easy to achieve an early harvest in our climate. At the very first return freezers, gentle sprouts landed in open ground will simply perish. The surviving plants will be stale and sick. The ideal way out for growing in this case is warm beds.
They can be used for many types of cultures: the first greens and radish, thermo-loving cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkins, eggplants, tomatoes, etc.
Consider the basic rules for creating warm beds and methods of growing each of the cultures:
They can rise above the ground or, on the contrary, to be constructed below the level of soil.
In the ground they plunge no more than 0.5 m. This is quite enough to protect the sprouts from spring frosts. With greater depth, the plants will be in the shade and will be pulled out.
Raise them to a height of 0.5-1 m. In principle, they can be made above - the care is only simplified.
The first laid the drainage layer of fine rubble and sand. You can replace it with a broken brick, but learn that over time, this material under the influence of moisture is able to decompose.
The next layer is vegetable waste. The heat released during their rotting will serve as a natural heated. Prepare such a bed better from autumn, during the harvest assembly. As a "warm layer", it is possible to use cut-off tops or any weed grass left after weeding. The most important thing is that she does not have time to form seeds.
For cucumbers, pumpkins and zucchini as a warm layer, manure uses more often. Upon overheating, it heats up much stronger. In the same cultures as tomatoes, manure, as well as pure humus, contraindicated. Plants on it will only build up a green mass. Yield on the manure you can simply do not wait - the wounds will immediately be down. Therefore, to warm up a tomato, use conventional vegetable waste.
The last layer is a fertile land. Its poured with a thickness of at least 30 cm.
Beginning gardeners sometimes complain that the neighbors yields on warm beds are high, and for some reason they do not grow anything. Indeed, if the layer of grass or manure is only a little "impoverish" the earth, the roots of the plant will simply be impossible to strengthen it. Yes, and food for sprouts will be clearly not enough. Peeping plants serve only a layer of insulation. Therefore, without a solid layer of land, the harvest you will not achieve.
Next, arcs are placed over the bed, which are tightly tightening. Purchase material type of spunbond (agrofiber) is not necessary for these purposes. It can be spread directly to the ground in the case of return freezers or use as an additional shelter. Unlike polyethylene, agriched has many holes through which precious heat will freely go out.
Such a bed "works" about 4 years. After its complete exhaustion, they prepare a new one, and the recoverable plants are used as a fertilizer when the beds are loosening. The first two years on a warm garden, the hottest cultures are planted - cucumbers, pumpkins, zucchini, eggplants, etc.
On the third or fourth year, any garden crops can be placed in this place - from carrots, beets, onions to potatoes.
When heat occurs, the polyethylene film in the daytime is leaning off from two sides so that the plants blow a little. Otherwise, they simply "burn out" from the heat. At night, the plants are completely covered with film.
See also:
Tracks between the Grokeok.
French way to landing cultures
French option - One of the ways to decorate the site. Unlike traditional planting methods, such a garden always has a strictly symmetrical form. And absolutely not necessarily make the beds are rectangular. They may have the shape of rhombuses, ovals or semi-rises, etc. The most important thing is that each of the segments is strictly symmetrical in neighboring.
As a rule, for the convenience of cultures of cultures, French beds are placed at a certain height.
It is desirable (but not necessary) planting plants is also symmetrically. For example, radishes are located on the edge of all the beds, in the center - salad, and from the other edge - a red cabbage.
Unlike French english Do not require strict symmetry. The main emphasis is done on lawns, with the help of which the plot is decorated. Against the background of the seeded grass of landing even ordinary garden plants look decorative cultures. In essence, this is a mixture of vegetable garden and a flower bed.
A garden house with an English fit way looks like a huge vertical bed. His walls plant curly plants. Pots and vases of all sorts of forms are placed along the structure. For each of the plants, careful care is carried out - despite the rustling of vegetation, "wildness" does not smell here.
Video: How to build universal warm beds
Now convenient time to finally do at least a couple of small constant beds.
Do or do not do constant beds - today is no longer a question. Those who have permanently reduced labor costs with a simultaneous increase in the yield and soil fertility, necessarily the question arises: and Kuda Ogrokli turns how to place the beds - from north to south, from the east to the West, perpendicular to the fence or in the direction, I apologize, toilet?
Theoretically, when orienting the beds from the north to the south of the plants is evenly illuminated by the Sun from morning to evening, which at first glance is good.
But if it happens "nuclear summer" (and it has often been often), then you have to look for ways to reduce the amount of merciless sun through agrofiber, sampled grids and cornstorms. 
As well as the orientation of the beds from the east to the west - to reduce insolation.
Long ago, in my first organic season I encountered here with this situation: 
According to the plan, BTI came out that the north on top, and the beds would have to do something like this: 
To which my relatives resolutely objected in the style of "that neighbors will say."
I had to do "parallel the road." 
Did it affect the yield? 
Perhaps perennial painstaking observations would show that the orientation of the North-South gives an increase in harvest compared to the "West - East" at the level of 1.74%, or 174 g for every 10 kg of harvest, and compared to "parallel road" 0.88%. Or somehow otherwise. And maybe not;) It should also be given to trees to take into account, and the number of cloudy days, which in different years is unequal.
And here how to correctly orient? 
This is not a flower bed. That is, the flower bed, of course, but not just a floral, and the flower-medicinal and even spicy.
And where is the north? 
(, I recommend reading the author to reading and praising).
And I thought: But if the orientation on the sides of the light matters for the crop, it means that there should be a response in classic agronomy for a long time. And I called (well, that is, as an old one ... in the sense, we are friends for a long time, and it is still quite completely;) part-time the teacher of the Poltava Agrochadmon, the head of the Poltava Club of Organic Agriculture and the consultant of one major organic economy.
And what, I say - corn, sunflower and other potatoes on the chips hectare sow from north to south, or from west to east, or in accordance with Hartman's grid?
What was the answer: for all sow. It is so good, and in the way so, and some even in Hartman. Everything is in strict accordance with the theory of the quantum observer;)
The moral of this fable is: if you live in the region, where "June is not yet summer, and July is no longer summer," then you will certainly need to catch every sunny ray and every degree.
The rest - do not bother. Agrotechnology has a much more visible and understandable effect on the yield than the orientation of the beds on the sides of the world.
Grapes, let's say, anyway - it will turn the leaves to the sun. And cucumbers, if not on a set, and in the population - what is the difference where the north? And so on.
How to arrange beautiful beds for the lazy, the beds are high and smart - this is what you need to know the gardener who wants to make his life as independent of the garden worries. If you wish, you just need to master the way of designing lazy beds that you can see in the following photos. Girling of this type will allow you to enjoy the deserved holiday in the country and will not be able to demand a weeding every time. In addition, it is not only convenient, but also increases the productivity of cultures.
Everyone knows how much time and effort needs to be given to each planted culture, which, however, sometimes do not even justify the result: Saplings may not germinate or do not result in a normal amount of harvest. In this case, it is worth paying attention to the technology of lazy beds on your site!
Beautiful and convenient
Lazy Ginochka is a completely new approach to the care of a garden, which will allow the seedlings to grow by themselves and will give a few times more harvest. The basis of its basis is the rule that states that digging and so far is impossible, except for its preparation and landing. Let even with constant weeding you can withdraw the weeds and flush the earth, sooner or later it dries down and will not be able to give enough moisture for cultures.
In this approach, the preparation for the future landing is very important - it is desirable to do this since autumn when you can collect the material for the soil mulch (it is necessary to cover it with straw, sawdust, cones, etc.), which, in turn, will not give weeds Greet in a plot with such a cover.
- Install the watering system yourself. Optionally choose the most expensive systems available in stores. In the case of such vegetables, those from which you will only need to press the button are suitable - and the need to water with your own hands will disappear. Watering will allow you to make beautiful beds: Green and lush. It is also worth noting: watering can become infrequently, but abundantly, giving the plants the necessary moisture until the next arrival.
- Tool for work in the garden - the key to saving time. Therefore, it is worth choosing one inventory for many years. It may include not only familiar shovel and shoulder, but also different little things that your work will make it easier. Also find the place in advance for the inventory.
- At the beginning of the planting season, just open the Earth once, prepare it for future seedlings or seeds. Site plants and no longer disturb the land: Mulching will make your business and keeps away from weeds. Everything that you will have before removing the harvest - to water the beds in time in the country.
This is an interesting and effective way that is suitable for both lazy garders and experienced, who knows their work of gardeners. The garden of this type will justify the applied efforts and will be able to bring a lot of amenities.
High beds as a way to obtain an intensive harvest
Let it be very laborious at first the process is the construction of the carcass itself and watering the beds, but it will allow you to forget about a bad climate and low yield.
High beds are always under the rays of the Sun, which contributes to the warming of the layer of the Earth, so it can be placed in April without fear of freezing, and the lower grid will prevent the intrusion of moles and mice. Not too wide framework (within 150 cm) will allow you to care for the garden on both sides. If you split it into two strips of 80 cm wide - you can even make it yourself greenhouseHaving a film over both landings. It is worth noting that it is the high beds that give the earliest harvest first of salads, and then pressing vegetables. The only problem is more frequent watering, as water is not delayed in such an earth for a long time.
Despite all the difficulties in the beginning, the landing justifies the efforts embedded in her and for a long time, without bringing special trouble, and the garden has a beautiful view.
Screwing a smart bed for fragrant herbs only once, before planning seedlings. Next, it requires a minimum of attention and care.
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Cottage is not just a plot for growing and harvesting. For many, this is a favorite place of rest and realization of ideas. Often, the way of landing vegetable crops move to the background, but it is not correct, because the appearance of the entire landscape depends on their interesting location and attractive appearance. In this article, it is told how the most easily done in the country of the garden for the lazy. Photo and description of the most successful ideas, as well as methods for their incarnation, should help make your plot comfortable and well maintained.
High designs from boards landing will be a highlight of any site
Grokery - most often fenced plot of land, intended for growing a certain type of plants.
The main thing for a good harvest is fertile soil, correctly selected landing time, high-quality processing. However, in some cases, attention should be paid to other factors:
- Orientation on the sides of the world.
For most cultures, this value does not have, but for example, rows of tomatoes and cucumbers for a good crop need to be located from north to south.
- Height.
If you want to harvest before usual, you should mount high designs. Make them easy (for example, from the boards with their own hands you can collect without special devices in a short period of time), and the land in them warms up faster.
When planning future beds, you need to know several aspects:
- The yield of the chosen culture (that is, how many plants grow on 1 m 2 square).
- Compatibility of plants that you plan to land in one site.
- Slate.
Usually, this material is used only if it is available (for example, it remained after repairing the roof).
- Plastic.
The main feature of the plastic - it can be given any shape, so it is great for round or other curved landing options. In addition, it is not exposed to precipitation and low temperatures, so it will last long, without losing its original attractiveness.
Dear and durable option.
- A natural stone.
It turns out the most spectacular sides who will serve for many years. Unlike bricks, the stones have the wrong shape, which will make the design of the landscape in the eco-style. Disadvantages of stone sides: high cost and gradual care in the soil under the action of their own weight, so such a side is necessary to periodically check and reconcile.
A qualitatively made with his own hands from the primary materials will serve for many years, but for a good crop it is necessary and its correct location.
Placing beds in the garden: how to arrange, photos, tips
The quality and amount of harvest depends on the competent location of the beds on the summer site, so this issue should be paid special attention. First of all, you need to know the following:
- Groans, located on the sides of the world (from north to south) - a good solution only for low plants on an even horizontal site.
- If the site has a bias that cannot be aligned, the ridges should be across it regardless of orientation.
- The rows of one plant is desirable to do the same size. So it will be easier to calculate the number of fertilizers, the degree of watering and planting.
- If there are multidirectional slopes on the site, choose the southern side (the crop matures faster on it).
In small sections, there is often a lack of free horizontal space for landing. If this is your case, use one of the following ideas:
- Create vertical designs.
- Use unused items to disembark plants (for example, a wheelbarrow, barrel and so on).
- Attach the garden to the recreation area.
How best to make beds in the garden - options
The beds are classified according to constructive features, and the following types are distinguished:
- Traditional (in the evening with the rest of the site, dimensions allow you to easily reach the center on any side (right or left)).
- High (30-40 cm above the ground level, contribute to the most rapid crop maturation).
- Deep (when the device is digging a trench of 20-30 cm deep, thanks to which the land is most often not freezing, and the disembarkation can be carried out before).
- Narrow (for example, by the Mittlider method, described in detail in the next chapter).
- Vertical (excellent solution for small sites, but not all plants can be planted in this way).
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How to make beds from boards with their own hands
Now let's look at how to make beds in a garden from the tree. This material is the most common in the bed of bed. Designs from boards possess the following advantages:
- Reliability.
The tree perfectly holds moisture inside the row, as well as not deform for a long time.
- Low cost.
This material often remains after construction. If it did not turn out, you can buy boards at a fairly low price.
- Easy installation.
The main thing is high-quality wood processing, if this is not done, insects and moisture will quickly destroy the design.
- Attractive appearance.
Tree - material perfect for beds in eco-style.
The only lack of designs from the boards is a short time (in comparison, for example, with plastic or brick). However, the ability to quickly and with the smallest costs to change them with more than it overlaps.
How to make a bed of boards with your own hands: photo, dimensions, installation sequence
If you decide to make a wooden structure, first of all it is necessary to choose the tree of the tree:
- Oak or ash - Solid rocks whose boards are perfect in this case, but their price is quite high.
- Pine - cheap, but short-lived. Extend the service life of such a fence using periodic chemical processing.
- Cedar or larch - Best price-quality ratio. Due to the presence of resin in these coniferous rocks, there is no need to process them.
- Acacia - Also a great option for a bed of beds.
What are the optimal sizes of beds from the boards? First you need to decide on the height of the structure, which depends on the following factors:
- Features of the plant planted.
Some vegetables require a certain depth (for example, for potatoes, the depth of stepdock should be at least 40 cm).
- Soil fertility.
If the soil is fertile, the sides can be made of 10-15 cm high. If it takes a fold of fertile soil - 30 cm and more.
- Type of bed.
For example, it is characterized by a height from 50 cm.
The most important parameter when the bed of beds in the country is width, as the ease of operation depends on it. If you make it too broad - it will be problematic to reach her center. Therefore, the maximum value of the width is considered to be 100 cm.
In most cases (if the planned design does not have too complicated form), it's not difficult to make a bed from the boards with their own hands. The size of the boards depends on the size of the future bed, but if at your disposal there is only insufficient length material, not trouble, several boards can always be minimized along the length.
Procedure for the device of a wooden structure:
- Preparation of the territory.
At this stage, it is necessary to dissolve and beat the platform for construction.
For a rectangular design, you need to connect 4 boards and attach reference bars to them, which should be 20-30 cm longer than future sides. They need to be a little sharpening with an ax from a free side (to simplify the entrance to the ground).
- Installation of construction.
We score the design to the ground, it is important to use the level to achieve maximum flattering design.
- Processing the surface of the boards.
First of all, the surface is ground (to protect against moisture and pests), then coated with oil paint (optional, you can leave the color of the tree).
- Failure.
The composition depends on the type of construction and the chosen culture. But in all cases, the first layer should be drainage.
Most often, only one culture is trying to plant on one site, but sometimes practicing a joint landing of vegetables on the garden. However, it is worth remembering that not all plants get along with each other. Therefore, further presented table compatibility of vegetables on the beds.
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Interesting ideas come to mind many dacms and owners of private houses. In the article, consider original frequences and several instructions for creating such beauty.
Mixed planting of vegetables on the garden: Examples, photos
More dachensors are interested in receiving not only a large harvest, but also environmentally friendly. Therefore, the question arises how to achieve a high-quality harvest without resorting to chemicals?
Excellent solution - mixed planting of vegetables. After all, some cultures have a beneficial effect on each other. However, this question should be extremely attentive, since not all plants love any neighborhood in general.
Thanks to the science of "Allelopathy", a table of neighborhood of vegetables on a garden, using which, can significantly reduce the use of chemical to protect against pests and fertilizers.
Neighborhood of vegetables on the beds - Compatibility Table
Below, the table reflects the compatibility of vegetables on the garden. Landing using this information will provide a high-quality crop with minimal investment.
Mixed planting of vegetables on a garden: Examples with photos and tips
Each benevolent or ill-friendly neighborhood of vegetables on the garden has its own rationale. For example, strawberries and onions are excellent neighbors. The bow protects the berry from rot and diseases, and if they still fall around and parsley, eliminates the appearance of the slug.
Onions are also an excellent companion for most cultures in the country, as it protects them from pests. The most interesting neighborhood of this plant is carrots. Both crops have their own pest - a leek and carrot fly, and the first does not endure the smell of carrots, and the second is onions.
Garlic - perfectly helps to fight pests, so it is a good companion for most cultures. However, close to the plants of the family of legumes is not recommended to plant it, since the latter are leaders for the fear of nutrients, and they need to garlic.
Joint cultivation of crops on the garden can become destructive for other vegetables. For example, tomatoes cannot be squeezed with cucumbers, as they require varying degrees of irrigation. Thus, the neighborhood of these two crops will create difficulties in processing (the need for point watering will appear, which takes much more time and strength).
In addition to the properties of plants, it is necessary to pay attention to their dimensions. For example, when alternating cabbage and radish, the second culture will receive an insufficient amount of sunlight, which is why the quality of the crop will deteriorate significantly.
So, you have developed the perfect scheme of the location of all vegetables in the country area, but every year the harvest is becoming worse. What to do? It is necessary to ensure crop crop rotation.
Table of vegetable crop rotation
Crowning - organization on the garden of alternation of cultures. Ideally, this process should be continuous and annual. However, in real conditions, it is very problematic for the following reasons:
- There is no information about the infection of the soil and the presence of pests in it.
- There is no time for accurate calculations of the perfect landing option.
Why is the crop rotatory action for a good crop? Each culture has unique features on the issue of obtaining nutrients. Someone is looking for them in the surface layers of the soil (for example, cucumber), someone in search of water lowers the roots a few meters in depth (for example, watermelon). In addition, for the growth of each plant, various elements are needed (for example, for tomato - phosphorus, for cabbage - nitrogen).
And now imagine that from year to year a certain layer of soil is depleted, and the content of those substances that are necessary for this culture decreases. To make it easier for you to decide how to alternate vegetables, the reference table of vegetable crops in the garden is shown below.
Important! The main thing is that the culture does not return to the previous place for 3-4 years. During this time, the soil will have time to recover and accumulate the required amount of nutrients.
How to make a bed for cucumbers in the open soil: photos, ways
Cucumbers are a rather capricious culture requiring special care. Many believe that it is possible to plant it only with a decree, however, thanks to many years of selection, there are currently a few varieties that can be planted immediately into open ground.
First of all, it is also necessary to prepare a bed to prepare a bed for cucumbers:
- Correctly select the direction of the ranks - from north to south.
- Feel the soil (best solutions - a cow manure or chicken litter, if there are no - any mineral fertilizer is suitable).
- Put flights (better than 25 cm).
The main secrets of growing cucumbers in the open soil - the choice of the right time landing (from May to mid-June, depending on the region) and the choice of a suitable variety.
How to make beds under cucumbers - common features
In the case when seedlings are not used, grow a qualitative harvest in the usual way (on standard beds) will not work. It is necessary to take advantage of one of other methods of growing cucumbers in the open soil:
- Crichet device with bookmark.
- Installation of warm beds (including raised design).
These methods are non-standard, so below they are described in detail to prevent errors when arranging.
How to make a garden garden for cucumbers with a bookmark
To arrange a garden for growing cucumbers with a bookmark, you must unscrew the trench with a depth of 30 cm and consistently fill it with the following layers:
- Branches and sawdust.
- Straw, leaves and compost (at this stage it is necessary to pour everything with warm water).
- Sand.
- Organic waste (leaves, bark and so on).
- Straw.
- Fertilizer (best suited).
- Earth and humus.
- The absence of dirt from the beds due to the presence of sides.
- High yield.
- Aesthetic appearance (you can make beautiful identical beds).
- Even faster soil warming, and therefore the harvest will appear earlier.
- Convenience (to care for cucumbers do not need to bend).
The main thing is to carefully catch each layer, otherwise the soil will turn out too loose, and there is no good harvest.
The advantages of warm beds for cucumbers:
Raised beds under the cucumbers in the open soil
In the conditions of an unfavorable climate, it is advisable to arrange raised (or high) beds with a height of 40-50 cm (for convenience you can make it higher). In this case, the sequence of layers remains the same as in conventional warm structures on the ground surface. Such structures have the following advantages:
